AB InBev 20 F PDF
AB InBev 20 F PDF
AB InBev 20 F PDF
FORM 20-F
(Mark One)
☐ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
OR
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
N/A
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)
Belgium
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
Brouwerijplein 1,
3000 Leuven, Belgium
(Address of principal executive offices)
John Blood
General Counsel and Company Secretary
Brouwerijplein 1, 3000 Leuven
Belgium
Telephone No.: + 32 16 27 61 11
Email: Corporategovernance@ab-inbev.com
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
* Not for trading, but in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
None
(Title of Class)
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.
None
(Title of Class)
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered
by the annual report.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
☒ Yes ☐ No
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. ☐ Yes ☒ No
Note – Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and
(2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant
to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of
“large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant
has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant
to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its
Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant
has elected to follow. N/A ☐ Item 17 ☐ Item 18
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
☐ Yes ☒ No
(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. N/A ☐ Yes ☐ No
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL INFORMATION vi
PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA vi
PRESENTATION OF MARKET INFORMATION viii
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS viii
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS 1
A. DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT 1
B. ADVISERS 1
C. AUDITORS 1
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE 1
A. OFFER STATISTICS 1
B. METHOD AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE 1
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION 1
A. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA 1
B. CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS 2
C. REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS 2
D. RISK FACTORS 2
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY 26
A. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY 26
B. BUSINESS OVERVIEW 29
C. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE 62
D. PROPERTY, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT 63
ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 63
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW 63
A. KEY FACTORS AFFECTING RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 64
B. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 73
C. BUSINESS SEGMENTS 80
D. EQUITY INVESTMENTS 81
E. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 82
F. IMPACT OF CHANGES IN FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES 114
G. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 115
H. CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND CONTINGENCIES 126
I. OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS 128
J. OUTLOOK AND TREND INFORMATION 128
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES 130
A. DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT 130
B. COMPENSATION 145
C. BOARD PRACTICES 164
D. EMPLOYEES 167
E. SHARE OWNERSHIP 168
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 168
A. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS 168
B. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 172
C. INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL 175
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION 175
A. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION 175
B. SIGNIFICANT CHANGES 184
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING 184
A. THE OFFER AND LISTING 184
B. PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION 185
C. MARKETS 185
D. SELLING SHAREHOLDERS 186
E. DILUTION 186
F. EXPENSES OF THE ISSUE 186
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 186
A. SHARE CAPITAL 186
B. MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION AND OTHER SHARE INFORMATION 186
C. MATERIAL CONTRACTS 196
D. EXCHANGE CONTROLS 199
E. TAXATION 199
F. DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS 206
G. STATEMENT BY EXPERTS 206
H. DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY 206
I. SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION 207
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 207
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES 209
A. DEBT SECURITIES 209
B. WARRANTS AND RIGHTS 209
C. OTHER SECURITIES 209
D. AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES 209
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES 214
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS 214
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 214
ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT 215
ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS 215
ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES 215
ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES 216
ITEM 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER 216
ITEM 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT 217
ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 218
ITEM 16H. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE 218
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 219
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 219
ITEM 19. EXHIBITS 219
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GENERAL INFORMATION
In this annual report on Form 20-F (“Form 20-F”) references to:
• “AB InBev,” “we,” “us” and “our” are, as the context requires, to Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (formerly Newbelco SA/NV) or
Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and the group of companies owned and/or controlled by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and consolidated
into our results;
• “AB InBev Group” or “Combined Group” are to Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and the group of companies owned and/or controlled by
Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV;
• “Ambev” are to Ambev S.A., a Brazilian company listed on the New York Stock Exchange and on the São Paulo Stock Exchange, and
successor of Companhia de Bebidas das Américas—Ambev;
• “Anheuser-Busch” are to Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC, and the group of companies owned and/or controlled by Anheuser-Busch
Companies, LLC, as the context requires;
• “former AB InBev” are, as the context requires, to Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV or Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and the group of
companies owned and/or controlled by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV prior to the completion of the combination with SAB on 10 October
2016;
• “Grupo Modelo” are to Cervecería Modelo de México, S. de R.L. de C.V., a Mexican limited liability company;
• “Newbelco” are to Newbelco SA/NV prior to 10 October 2016;
• “Ordinary Shares” are to ordinary shares without nominal value issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV;
• “Restricted Shares” are to shares without nominal value issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV to former SAB shareholders in
connection with the combination with SAB, which are unlisted, not admitted to trading on any stock exchange and are subject to, among
other things, restrictions on transfer until they are converted into Ordinary Shares;
• “SAB” are, as the context requires, to ABI SAB Group Holding Limited (formerly SABMiller Limited and prior to that SABMiller plc) or
to ABI SAB Group Holding Limited and the group of companies owned and/or controlled by ABI SAB Group Holding Limited prior to the
combination between AB InBev and ABI SAB Group Holding Limited on 10 October 2016; and
• “SAB Group” are to ABI SAB Group Holding Limited and the group of companies owned and/or controlled by ABI SAB Group Holding
Limited.
All references in this Form 20-F to (i) “euro” or “EUR” are to the common currency of the European Union, (ii) “U.S. dollar,” “$” or “USD” are
to the currency of the United States of America, (iii) “CAD” (Canadian dollar) are to the currency of Canada, (iv) “R$,” “real” or “reais” are to the
currency of Brazil, (v) “GBP” (pound
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sterling) are to the currency of the United Kingdom, (vi) “AUD” (Australian dollar) are to the currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, (vii)
“MXN” (Mexican peso) are to the currency of Mexico, (viii) “ZAR” (South African rand) are to the currency of South Africa, (ix) “COP” (Colombian
peso) are to the currency of Colombia, (x) “PEN” (Peruvian nuevo sol) are to the currency of Peru, (xi) “ARS” (Argentinean peso) are to the currency
of Argentina and (xii) “CNY” (Chinese renminbi) are to the currency of China.
Unless otherwise specified, volumes, as used in this Form 20-F, include beer (including near beer) and non-beer (primarily carbonated soft drinks)
volumes. In addition, unless otherwise specified, our volumes include not only brands that we own or license, but also third-party brands that we brew
or otherwise produce as a subcontractor, and third-party products that we sell through our distribution network, particularly in Western Europe. Our
volume figures in this Form 20-F reflect 100% of the volumes of entities that we fully consolidate in our financial reporting and a proportionate share of
the volumes of entities that we proportionately consolidate in our financial reporting, but do not include volumes of our associates, joint ventures or
non-consolidated entities.
Since 1 October 2016, we have reported our financial results under the following six regions: North America, Latin America West, Latin America
North, Latin America South, EMEA and Asia Pacific. We continue to separately report the results of Global Export and Holding Companies, which
includes our global headquarters and the export businesses which have not been allocated to the regions. Our six geographic regions plus our Global
Export and Holding Companies comprise our seven segments for all financial reporting purposes. For a list of the countries comprising our geographic
reporting regions, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—3. Main Markets.”
Following the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of the fourth
quarter of 2016.
On 4 October 2017, we completed the transition of the 54.5% equity stake in Coca-Cola Beverages Africa (“CCBA”) and stopped consolidating
CCBA in our consolidated financial statements as of that date. Furthermore, on 30 March 2018, we completed the 50:50 merger of AB InBev’s and
Anadolu Efes Biracilik ve Malt Sanayii AŞ’s (“Anadolu Efes”) existing Russia and Ukraine businesses. Following the closing of this transaction, the
operations of AB InBev and Anadolu Efes in Russia and Ukraine are combined under AB InBev Efes (“AB InBev Efes”). The combined business is
fully consolidated in the Anadolu Efes financial accounts. As a result of the transaction, we stopped consolidating our Russia and Ukraine businesses
and account for our investment in AB InBev Efes under the equity method.
As announced on 26 July 2018, effective 1 January 2019, we are reorganizing our regional reporting structure. Going forward, our results will be
reported under the following five regions: North America, Middle Americas, South America, EMEA and Asia Pacific. We will continue to separately
report the results of Global Export and Holding Companies. The key changes in the company’s structure are as follows: (i) the new Middle Americas
region will combine the current Latin America West region and the Dominican Republic, Panama, Costa Rica, Guatemala and the Caribbean, which
were previously reported in Latin America North region and (ii) the new South America region will combine the current Latin America South region
and Brazil, which was previously reported in Latin America North region.
Effective 1 January 2019, IFRS 16 Leases will replace the current lease accounting requirements and introduce significant changes to lessee
accounting. It requires a lessee to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at lease commencement date, together with a different recognition of
lease costs.
We will report results in our new regional structure and apply the new IFRS 16 Leases standard for the first time for the three months ending
31 March 2019.
See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—B. Significant Accounting Policies—Summary of Changes in Accounting Policies” for further
information on how our accounting policies changed in 2018.
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PRESENTATION OF MARKET INFORMATION
Market information (including market share, market position and industry data for our operating activities and those of our subsidiaries or of
companies acquired by us) or other statements presented in this Form 20-F regarding our position (or that of companies acquired by us) relative to our
competitors largely reflect the best estimates of our management. These estimates are based upon information obtained from customers, trade or
business organizations and associations, other contacts within the industries in which we operate and, in some cases, upon published statistical data or
information from independent third parties. Except as otherwise stated, our market share data, as well as our management’s assessment of our
comparative competitive position, has been derived by comparing our sales figures for the relevant period to our management’s estimates of our
competitors’ sales figures for such period, as well as upon published statistical data and information from independent third parties, and, in particular,
the reports published and the information made available by, among others, the local brewers’ associations and the national statistics bureaus in the
various countries in which we sell our products. The principal sources generally used include IRI, Plato Logic Limited and AC Nielsen. You should not
rely on the market share and other market information presented herein as precise measures of market share or of other actual conditions.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
There are statements in this Form 20-F, such as statements that include the words or phrases “will likely result,” “are expected to,” “will
continue,” “is anticipated,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project,” “may,” “might,” “could,” “believe,” “expect,” “plan,” “potential,” “we aim,” “our goal,”
“our vision,” “we intend” or similar expressions that are forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties.
Actual results may differ materially from those suggested by these statements due to, among others, the risks or uncertainties listed below. See also
“Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors” for further discussion of risks and uncertainties that could impact our business.
These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance. Rather, they are based on current views and assumptions and involve
known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside our control and are difficult to predict, that may cause actual
results or developments to differ materially from any future results or developments expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors
that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements include, among others:
• local, regional, national and international economic conditions, including the risks of a global recession or a recession in one or more of our
key markets, and the impact they may have on us and our customers and our assessment of that impact;
• financial risks, such as interest rate risk, foreign exchange rate risk (in particular as against the U.S. dollar, our reporting currency),
commodity risk, asset price risk, equity market risk, counterparty risk, sovereign risk, liquidity risk, inflation or deflation, including inability
to achieve our optimal net debt level;
• continued geopolitical instability, which may result in, among other things, economic and political sanctions and currency exchange rate
volatility, and which may have a substantial impact on the economies of one or more of our key markets;
• changes in government policies and currency controls;
• continued availability of financing and our ability to achieve our targeted coverage and debt levels and terms, including the risk of
constraints on financing in the event of a credit rating downgrade;
• the monetary and interest rate policies of central banks, in particular the European Central Bank, the Board of Governors of the U.S. Federal
Reserve System, the Bank of England, Banco Central do Brasil, Banco Central de la República Argentina, the Central Bank of China, the
South African Reserve Bank, Banco de la República in Colombia, the Bank of Mexico and other central banks;
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• changes in applicable laws, regulations and taxes in jurisdictions in which we operate, including the laws and regulations governing our
operations and changes to tax benefit programs, as well as actions or decisions of courts and regulators;
• limitations on our ability to contain costs and expenses;
• our expectations with respect to expansion plans, premium growth, accretion to reported earnings, working capital improvements and
investment income or cash flow projections;
• our ability to continue to introduce competitive new products and services on a timely, cost-effective basis;
• the effects of competition and consolidation in the markets in which we operate, which may be influenced by regulation, deregulation or
enforcement policies;
• changes in consumer spending;
• changes in pricing environments;
• volatility in the prices of raw materials, commodities and energy;
• difficulties in maintaining relationships with employees;
• regional or general changes in asset valuations;
• greater than expected costs (including taxes) and expenses;
• the risk of unexpected consequences resulting from acquisitions, joint ventures, strategic alliances, corporate reorganizations or divestiture
plans, and our ability to successfully and cost-effectively implement these transactions and integrate the operations of businesses or other
assets we have acquired;
• an inability to realize synergies and cost savings from the combination with SAB;
• the outcome of pending and future litigation, investigations and governmental proceedings;
• natural and other disasters;
• any inability to economically hedge certain risks;
• inadequate impairment provisions and loss reserves;
• technological changes and threats to cybersecurity;
• other statements included in this annual report that are not historical; and
• our success in managing the risks involved in the foregoing.
Our statements regarding financial risks, including interest rate risk, foreign exchange rate risk, commodity risk, asset price risk, equity market
risk, counterparty risk, sovereign risk, inflation and deflation, are subject to uncertainty. For example, certain market and financial risk disclosures are
dependent on choices about key model characteristics and assumptions and are subject to various limitations. By their nature, certain of the market or
financial risk disclosures are only estimates and, as a result, actual future gains and losses could differ materially from those that have been estimated.
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Certain of the cost savings and synergies information related to the combination with SAB set forth in “Item 4. Information on the Company—B.
Business Overview—1. Strengths and Strategy—Strengths” of this Form 20-F constitute forward-looking statements and may not be representative of
the actual cost savings and synergies that will result from the combination with SAB. Such information included in this Form 20-F reflects potential
opportunities for cost savings and synergies identified by us based on estimates and assumptions that are inherently subject to significant uncertainties
which are difficult to predict, and accordingly there can be no assurance that these cost savings and synergies will be realized. The statements relating to
the synergies, cost savings and business growth opportunities we expect to continue to achieve following the combination with SAB are based on
assumptions. However, these expected synergies, cost savings and business growth opportunities may not be achieved. There can be no assurance that
we will be able to continue to implement successfully the strategic and operational initiatives that are intended.
We caution that the forward-looking statements in this Form 20-F are further qualified by the risk factors disclosed in “Item 3. Key
Information—D. Risk Factors” that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. Subject to our
obligations under Belgian and U.S. law in relation to disclosure and ongoing information, we undertake no obligation to update publicly or revise any
forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
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PART I
B. ADVISERS
Not applicable.
C. AUDITORS
Not applicable.
The selected historical financial information presented in the tables below should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by
reference to, our audited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. The audited consolidated financial statements and the
accompanying notes as of 31 December 2018 and 2017 and for the three years ended 31 December 2018 have been included in this Form 20-F.
The financial information in this Form 20-F and our consolidated financial statements represent the continuation of the financial statements of
former AB InBev, our predecessor-in-interest.
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Weighted average number of Ordinary and Restricted Shares (million shares)(2) 1,975 1,971 1,717 1,638 1,634
Diluted weighted average number of Ordinary and Restricted Shares
(million shares)(3) 2,011 2,010 1,755 1,668 1,665
Basic earnings per share (USD)(4) 2.21 4.06 0.72 5.05 5.64
Basic earnings per share from continuing operations (USD)(4) 2.21 4.04 0.69 5.05 5.64
Diluted earnings per share (USD)(5) 2.17 3.98 0.71 4.96 5.54
Dividends per share (USD) 2.05 4.33 3.85 3.95 3.52
Dividends per share (EUR) 1.80 3.60 3.60 3.60 3.00
Financial Position Data
Total assets 232,103 246,126 258,381 134,635 142,550
Equity 71,904 80,220 81,425 45,719 54,257
Equity attributable to our equity holders 64,486 72,585 71,339 42,137 49,972
Issued capital 1,736 1,736 1,736 1,736 1,736
Other Data
Volumes (million hectoliters) 567 613 500 457 459
Notes:
(1) Turnover less excise taxes and discounts. In many jurisdictions, excise taxes make up a large proportion of the cost of beer charged to our
customers (see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—A. Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Excise Taxes”).
(2) Weighted average number of Ordinary and Restricted Shares means, for any period, the number of shares outstanding at the beginning of the
period, adjusted by the number of shares canceled, repurchased or issued during the period, including deferred share instruments and stock
lending, multiplied by a time-weighting factor.
(3) Diluted weighted average number of Ordinary and Restricted Shares means the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares, adjusted by the
effect of share options issued.
(4) Earnings per share means, for any period, profit attributable to our equity holders for the period divided by the weighted average number of
Ordinary and Restricted Shares.
(5) Diluted earnings per share means, for any period, profit attributable to our equity holders for the period divided by the diluted weighted average
number of Ordinary and Restricted Shares.
(6) Following the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of the fourth
quarter of 2016. For more information on the combination with SAB, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—A. History and Development of
the Company.”
(7) The financial information for 2018 is presented under IFRS 9 Financial Instruments and IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers which
was adopted by us with effect on 1 January 2018 in accordance with the modified retrospective application. For more information on changes in
accounting policies, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—B. Significant Accounting Policies.”
D. RISK FACTORS
Investing in our shares involves risk. We expect to be exposed to some or all of the risks described below in our future operations. Such risks
include, but are not limited to, the risk factors described below. Any of the risk factors described below, as well as additional risks of which we are not
currently aware, could also affect our
2
business operations and have a material adverse effect on our business activities, financial condition, results of operations and prospects and cause the
value of our shares to decline. Moreover, if and to the extent that any of the risks described below materialize, they may occur in combination with other
risks which would compound the adverse effect of such risks on our business activities, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Investors in our shares and American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) could lose all or part of their investment.
You should carefully consider the following information in conjunction with the other information contained or incorporated by reference in this
document. The sequence in which the risk factors are presented below is not indicative of their likelihood of occurrence or of the potential magnitude of
their financial consequences.
We are exposed to the risk of a global recession or a recession in one or more of our key markets, credit and capital markets volatility and an
economic or financial crisis, which could result in lower revenue and reduced profit.
Beer, other alcoholic beverage and soft drink consumption in many of the jurisdictions in which we operate is closely linked to general economic
conditions, with levels of consumption tending to rise during periods of rising per capita income and fall during periods of declining per capita income.
Additionally, per capita consumption is inversely related to the sale price of our products.
Besides moving in concert with changes in per capita income, beer and other alcoholic beverage consumption also increases or decreases in
accordance with changes in disposable income.
Currently, disposable income is low in many of the developing countries in which we operate compared to disposable income in more developed
countries. Any decrease in disposable income resulting from an increase in inflation, income taxes, the cost of living, unemployment levels, political or
economic instability or other factors would likely adversely affect the demand for beer. Moreover, because a relevant portion of our brand portfolio
consists of premium beers, our volumes and revenue may be impacted to a greater degree than those of some of our competitors, as some consumers
may choose to purchase value or discount brands rather than premium or core brands. For additional information on the categorization of the beer
market and our positioning, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—2. Principal Activities and Products—Beer.”
Capital and credit market volatility, such as that experienced in recent years, may result in downward pressure on stock prices and the credit
capacity of issuers. Potential changes in social, political, regulatory and economic conditions in the U.S. and the European Union, including the United
Kingdom’s planned exit from the European Union and changes in policies governing foreign trade and imports, may be significant drivers of capital and
credit market volatility. A continuation or worsening of the levels of market disruption and volatility seen in the recent past could have an adverse effect
on our ability to access capital, on our business, results of operations and financial condition, and on the market price of our Ordinary Shares and our
ADSs.
Although we report our consolidated results in U.S. dollars, in 2018, we derived 71% of our revenue from operating companies that have non-U.S.
dollar functional currencies (in most cases, in the local currency of the respective operating company). Consequently, any change in exchange rates
between our operating companies’ functional currencies and the U.S. dollar will affect our consolidated income statement and balance sheet when the
results of those operating companies are translated into U.S. dollars for our reporting purposes, as we cannot hedge against translational exposures.
Decreases in the value of our operating companies’ functional currencies against the U.S. dollar will tend to reduce those operating companies’
contributions in dollar terms to our financial condition and results of operations.
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During 2018, several currencies, such as the Argentinean peso, the Australian dollar, the Brazilian real, the Colombian peso and the South African
rand, depreciated against the U.S. dollar, which generally strengthened during the same period. Our total consolidated revenue was USD 54.6 billion for
the year ended 31 December 2018, a decrease of USD 1.8 billion compared to the year ended 31 December 2017. The negative impact of unfavorable
currency translation effects on our consolidated revenue in the year ended 31 December 2018 was USD 2.3 billion, primarily as a result of the impact of
the currencies listed above.
Following the categorization of Argentina as a country with a three-year cumulative inflation rate greater than 100%, the country is considered as
a hyperinflationary economy in accordance with IFRS rules (IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies), requiring us to restate the
results of our operations for the year ended 31 December 2018 in hyperinflationary economies for the change in the general purchasing power of the
local currency, using official indices before converting the local amounts at the closing rate of the period. If the economic or political situation in
Argentina further deteriorates, our Latin America South operations may be subject to restrictions under new Argentinean foreign exchange, export
repatriation or expropriation regimes that could adversely affect our liquidity and operations, and our ability to access funds from Argentina. See “—We
are exposed to developing market risks, including the risks of devaluation, nationalization and inflation” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial
Review—Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Foreign Currency.”
Significant changes in the value of foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect the amounts we record for our foreign
assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and could have a negative effect on our results of operations and profitability. See “Item 5. Operating and
Financial Review—E. Results of Operations—Year Ended 31 December 2018 Compared to the Year Ended 31 December 2017” for further details on
the impact of currency translation effects on our results of operations.
In addition to currency translation risk, we incur currency transaction risks whenever one of our operating companies enters into transactions
using currencies other than its respective functional currency, including purchase or sale transactions and the issuance or incurrence of debt. Although
we have hedging policies in place to manage commodity price and foreign currency risks to protect our exposure to currencies other than our operating
companies’ functional currencies, there can be no assurance that such policies will be able to successfully hedge against the effects of such foreign
exchange exposure.
Much of our debt is denominated in U.S. dollars, while a significant portion of our cash flows is denominated in currencies other than the U.S.
dollar. From time to time we enter into financial instruments to mitigate currency risk, but these transactions and any other efforts taken to better match
the effective currencies of our liabilities to our cash flows could result in increased costs. See “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About
Market Risk—Market Risk, Hedging and Financial Instruments,” note 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and
2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018, for further details on our approach to hedging commodity price and foreign currency risk.
Changes in the availability or price of raw materials, commodities, energy and water, including as a result of unexpected increases in tariffs
on such raw materials and commodities, like aluminum, could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
A significant portion of our operating expenses is related to raw materials and commodities, such as malted barley, wheat, corn grits, corn syrup,
rice, hops, flavored concentrate, fruit concentrate, sugar, sweetener, water, glass, polyethylene terephthalate (“PET”) and aluminum bottles, aluminum
or steel cans and kegs, aluminum can stock, labels, plastic crates, metal and plastic closures, folding cartons, cardboard products and plastic films.
The supply and price of raw materials and commodities used for the production of our products can be affected by a number of factors beyond our
control, including the level of crop production around the world, export demand, quality and availability of supply, speculative movements in the raw
materials or commodities markets, currency fluctuations, governmental regulations and legislation affecting agriculture, trade agreements among
producing and consuming nations, adverse weather conditions, natural disasters, economic factors affecting growth decisions, political developments,
various plant diseases and pests.
4
We cannot predict future availability or prices of the raw materials or commodities required for our products. The markets in certain raw materials
or commodities have experienced and may in the future experience shortages and significant price fluctuations, including as a result of unexpected
increases in tariffs on such raw materials and commodities like aluminum. The foregoing may affect the price and availability of ingredients that we use
to manufacture our products, as well as the cans and bottles in which our products are packaged. We may not be able to increase our prices to offset
these increased costs or increase our prices without suffering reduced volume, revenue and operating income. To some extent, derivative financial
instruments and the terms of supply agreements can protect against increases in materials and commodities costs in the short term. However, derivatives
and supply agreements expire and upon expiry are subject to renegotiation and therefore cannot provide complete protection over the medium or longer
term. To the extent we fail to adequately manage the risks inherent in such volatility, including if our hedging and derivative arrangements do not
effectively or completely hedge against changes in commodity prices, our results of operations may be adversely impacted. In addition, it is possible that
the hedging and derivative instruments we use to establish the purchase price for commodities in advance of the time of delivery may lock us into prices
that are ultimately higher than actual market prices at the time of delivery. See “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk—Market Risk, Hedging and Financial Instruments” for further details on our approach to hedging commodity price risk.
The production and distribution of our products require material amounts of energy, including the consumption of oil-based products, natural gas,
biomass, coal and electricity. Energy prices have been subject to significant price volatility in the recent past and may be again in the future. High
energy prices over an extended period of time, as well as changes in energy taxation and regulation in certain geographies, may result in a negative
effect on operating income and could potentially challenge our profitability in certain markets. There is no guarantee that we will be able to pass along
increased energy costs to our customers in every case.
The production of our products also requires large amounts of water, including water consumption in the agricultural supply chain. Changes in
precipitation patterns and the frequency of extreme weather events may affect our water supply and, as a result, its physical operations. Water may also
be subject to price increases in certain areas and changes in water taxation and regulation in certain geographies may result in a negative effect on
operating income which could potentially challenge our profitability in certain markets. There is no guarantee that we will be able to pass along
increased water costs to our customers in every case. See “—Climate change or other environmental concerns, or legal, regulatory or market measures
to address climate change or other environmental concerns, may negatively affect our business or operations, including the availability of key
production inputs.”
We may not be able to obtain the necessary funding for our future capital or refinancing needs and may face financial risks due to our level of
debt, uncertain market conditions and as a result of the potential downgrading of our credit ratings.
We may be required to raise additional funds for our future capital needs or to refinance our current indebtedness through public or private
financing, strategic relationships or other arrangements. There can be no assurance that the funding, if needed, will be available on attractive terms.
Following the combination with SAB, the portion of our consolidated balance sheet represented by debt is significantly higher as compared to
former AB InBev’s historical position and we expect it to remain so for some time. To fund the combination with SAB, former AB InBev entered into,
among others, the following transactions:
• in January 2016, our subsidiary Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc. (“ABIFI”) issued bonds in debt capital markets offerings resulting in
aggregate net proceeds of approximately USD 47.0 billion; and
• in March 2016, former AB InBev issued bonds in a debt capital markets offering under our Euro Medium-Term Notes Programme (“EMTN
Programme”) resulting in aggregate net proceeds of approximately EUR 13.1 billion, to which we are the successor-in-interest.
5
Since the combination with SAB we have undertaken further debt issuance and debt liability management exercises; see “Item 5. Operating and
Financial Review—G. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Funding Sources—Borrowings” for more information on our financing activities.
Our continued increased level of debt could have significant consequences, including:
• increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
• limiting our ability to fund future working capital and capital expenditures, to engage in future acquisitions or development activities or to
otherwise realize the value of our assets and opportunities fully;
• limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;
• impairing our ability to obtain additional financing in the future, or requiring us to obtain financing involving restrictive covenants;
• requiring us to issue additional equity (possibly under unfavorable conditions), which could dilute our existing shareholders’ equity; and
• placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt.
In addition, ratings agencies may downgrade our credit ratings below their current levels, including as a result of the incurrence of financial
indebtedness related to the combination with SAB. In October 2018, Moody’s Investors Service placed AB InBev’s A3 senior unsecured ratings on
review to downgrade, citing downward rating pressure due to high financial leverage and our slow path to deleveraging following the October 2016
acquisition of SAB. In December 2018, Moody’s Investors Service concluded its ratings review and assigned a definitive rating of Baa1 (stable outlook)
to AB InBev’s long-term debt obligations. As of the date of this annual report, our credit rating from S&P Global Ratings was A- for long-term
obligations and A-2 for short-term obligations, with a Negative outlook, and our credit rating from Moody’s Investors Service was Baa1 for long-term
obligations and P-2 for short-term obligations, with a stable outlook. Any credit rating downgrade could materially adversely affect our ability to finance
our ongoing operations and our ability to refinance the debt incurred to fund the combination with SAB, including by increasing our cost of borrowing
and significantly harming our financial condition, results of operations and profitability, including our ability to refinance our other existing
indebtedness.
In recent years, we have given priority, among other things, to deleveraging, with surplus free cash flow being used to reduce the level of
outstanding debt. In light of the increased debt we assumed in connection with the combination with SAB, deleveraging remains a priority and may
restrict the amount of dividends we are able to pay.
Our ability to repay and renegotiate our outstanding indebtedness will depend upon market conditions. In recent years, the global credit markets
experienced significant price volatility, dislocations and liquidity disruptions that caused the cost of debt financings to fluctuate considerably. The
markets also put downward pressure on stock prices and credit capacity for certain issuers without regard to those issuers’ underlying financial strength.
Reflecting concern about the stability of the financial markets generally and the strength of counterparties, many lenders and institutional investors
reduced and, in some cases, ceased to provide funding to borrowers. If such uncertain conditions persist, our costs could increase beyond what is
anticipated. Such costs could have a material adverse impact on our cash flows, results of operations or both. In addition, an inability to refinance all or
a substantial amount of our debt obligations when they become due, or more generally a failure to raise additional equity capital or debt financing or to
realize proceeds from asset sales when needed, would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
6
Our results could be negatively affected by increasing interest rates.
We use issuances of debt and bank borrowings as a source of funding and we carry a significant level of debt. Nevertheless, pursuant to our
capital structure policy, we aim to optimize shareholder value through cash flow distribution to us from our subsidiaries, while maintaining an
investment-grade rating and minimizing cash and investments with a return below our weighted average cost of capital. There can be no assurance that
we will be able to pursue a similar capital structure policy in the future.
Some of the debt we have issued or incurred was issued or incurred at variable interest rates, which exposes us to changes in such interest rates.
As of 31 December 2018, after certain hedging and fair value adjustments, USD 7 billion, or 1.8%, of our interest-bearing financial liabilities (which
include loans, borrowings and bank overdrafts) bore a variable interest rate, while USD 102.9 billion, or 98.2%, bore a fixed interest rate. Moreover, a
significant part of our external debt is denominated in non-U.S. dollar currencies, including the Australian dollar, the Brazilian real, the Canadian dollar,
the euro, the pound sterling, the South African rand and the South Korean won. Although we enter into interest rate swap agreements to manage our
interest rate risk, and also enter into cross-currency interest rate swap agreements to manage both our foreign currency risk and interest-rate risk on
interest-bearing financial liabilities, there can be no assurance that such instruments will be successful in reducing the risks inherent in exposures to
interest rate fluctuations. See “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Market Risk, Hedging and Financial
Instruments,” note 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December
2018 for further details on our approach, currency and interest rate risk.
Certain of our operations depend on independent distributors or wholesalers to sell our products, and we may be unable to replace distributors
or acquire interests in wholesalers or distributors. In addition, we may be adversely impacted by the consolidation of retailers.
Certain of our operations are dependent on government-controlled or privately owned but independent wholesale distributors for distribution of
our products for resale to retail outlets. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—7. Distribution of Products” and “Item 4.
Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—11. Regulations Affecting Our Business” for further information in this respect. There can be no
assurance as to the financial affairs of such distributors or that these distributors, who often act both for us and our competitors, will not give our
competitors’ products higher priority, thereby reducing their efforts to sell our products.
In the United States, for instance, we sell the vast majority of our beer to independent wholesalers for distribution to retailers and ultimately
consumers. As independent companies, wholesalers make their own business decisions that may not always align themselves with our interests. If our
wholesalers do not effectively distribute our products, our financial results could be adversely affected.
In addition, contractual restrictions and the regulatory environment of many markets may make it very difficult to change distributors and, in some
markets, we may be prevented from acquiring interests in wholesalers or distributors (for example, see “—Our failure to satisfy our obligations under
the SAB settlement agreement could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.”). In certain cases, poor performance by a
distributor or wholesaler is not a sufficient reason for replacement. Our consequent inability to replace unproductive or inefficient distributors could
adversely impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Moreover, the retail industry, particularly in Europe, North America and other countries in which we operate, continues to consolidate, resulting in
larger retailers with increased purchasing power, which may affect our competitiveness in these markets. Larger retailers may seek to improve their
profitability and sales by asking for lower prices or increased trade spending. The efforts of retailers could result in reduced profitability for the beer
industry as a whole and indirectly adversely affect our financial results.
7
We may be unable to influence our associates in which we have minority investments.
A portion of our global portfolio consists of associates in new or developing markets, including investments where we may have a lesser degree of
control over the business operations. For example, through our investment in the beverage operations of Société des Brasseries et Glacières
Internationales and B.I.H. Brasseries Internationales Holding Limited we have exposure to a number of countries in Africa, through our investment in
Anadolu Efes, we have exposure to Turkey and countries in the Commonwealth of Independent States, and through our investment in AB InBev Efes,
we have exposure to Russia and Ukraine.
We face several challenges inherent to these various culturally and geographically diverse business interests. Although we work with our
associates on the implementation of appropriate processes and controls, we also face additional risks and uncertainties with respect to these minority
investments because we may be dependent on systems, controls and personnel that are not under our control, such as the risk that our associates may
violate applicable laws and regulations, which could have an adverse effect on our business, reputation, results of operations and financial condition. For
more information, see “—If we do not successfully comply with applicable anti-corruption laws, export control regulations and trade restrictions, we
could become subject to fines, penalties or other regulatory sanctions, as well as to adverse press coverage, which could cause our reputation, our sales
or our profitability to suffer.”
We rely on key third parties, including key suppliers, and the termination or modification of the arrangements with such third parties could
negatively affect our business.
We rely on third-party suppliers for a range of raw materials for our beer and non-beer products, such as malted barley, corn grits, corn syrup,
rice, hops, water, flavored concentrate, fruit concentrate, sugar and sweeteners, and for packaging material, such as glass, PET and aluminum bottles,
aluminum or steel cans and kegs, labels, plastic crates, metal and plastic closures, folding cartons, cardboard products and plastic films.
We seek to limit our exposure to market fluctuations in the supply of these raw materials by entering into medium- and long-term fixed-price
arrangements. We have a limited number of suppliers of aluminum cans and glass bottles. Consolidation of the aluminum can industry and glass bottle
industry in certain markets in which we operate has reduced local supply alternatives and increased the risk of disruption to aluminum can and glass
bottle supplies. Although we generally have other suppliers of raw materials and packaging materials, the termination of or material change to
arrangements with certain key suppliers, disagreements with suppliers as to payment or other terms, or the failure of a key supplier to meet the
contractual obligations it owes to us or otherwise deliver materials consistent with current usage would or may require us to make purchases from
alternative suppliers, in each case at potentially higher prices or lower quality than those agreed with that supplier. Additionally, we may be subject to
potential reputational damage if one of our suppliers violates applicable laws or regulations or our policies. These factors could have a material impact
on our production, distribution and sale of beer, other alcoholic beverages and soft drinks and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations, cash flows or financial condition.
A number of our key brand names are both licensed to third-party brewers and used by companies over which we do not have control. See “Item
4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—8. Licensing.” If we are unable to maintain such arrangements on favorable terms, this could
have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
We monitor brewing quality to ensure our high standards, but, to the extent that one of these key licensed brand names is subject to negative
publicity, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
For certain packaging supplies and raw materials, we rely on a small number of important suppliers. In addition, certain of our subsidiaries may
purchase nearly all of their key packaging materials from sole suppliers under multi-year contracts. The loss of or temporary discontinuity of supply
from any of these suppliers without sufficient time to develop an alternative source could cause us to spend increased amounts on such supplies in the
future. If these suppliers became unable to continue to meet our requirements, and we are unable to develop alternative sources of supply, our operations
and financial results could be adversely affected.
8
We may be unsuccessful in the implementation of future acquisitions, investments or joint ventures or alliances.
In the past, we have made acquisitions of, investments in and joint ventures and similar arrangements with other companies and businesses. Much
of our growth in recent years is attributable to such transactions, including the combination with SAB in 2016, the combination of AB InBev and Grupo
Modelo in 2013, the combination of InBev and Anheuser-Busch Companies in 2008 and the combination of Interbrew S.A. and Ambev in 2004.
We will need to identify suitable acquisition targets and agree on the terms with them if we are to make further acquisitions. Our size, contractual
limitations to which we are subject and our position in the markets in which we operate may make it harder to identify suitable targets, including
because it may be harder for us to obtain regulatory approval for future transactions. If appropriate opportunities do become available, we may seek to
acquire or invest in other businesses; however, any future acquisition may pose regulatory, antitrust and other risks.
In addition, after completion of any transaction in the future, we may be required to integrate the acquired companies, businesses or operations
into our existing operations. Such transactions may also involve the assumption of certain actual or potential, known or unknown liabilities, which may
have a potential impact on our financial risk profile. These risks and limitations may limit our ability to implement our global strategy and our ability to
achieve future business growth.
The ability of our subsidiaries to distribute cash upstream may be subject to various conditions and limitations.
To a large extent, we are organized as a holding company and our operations are carried out through subsidiaries. Our domestic and foreign
subsidiaries’ and affiliated companies’ ability to upstream or distribute cash (to be used, among other things, to meet our financial obligations) through
dividends, intercompany advances, management fees and other payments is, to a large extent, dependent on the availability of cash flows at the level of
such domestic and foreign subsidiaries and affiliated companies and may be restricted by applicable laws and accounting principles. In particular, 25.3%
(USD 13.8 billion) of our total revenue of USD 54.6 billion in 2018 came from our Brazilian listed subsidiary, Ambev, which is not wholly owned and
is listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange. In addition to the above, some of our subsidiaries are subject to laws
restricting their ability to pay dividends or the amount of dividends they may pay. If we are not able to obtain sufficient cash flows from our domestic
and foreign subsidiaries and affiliated companies, this could adversely impact our ability to pay dividends, and otherwise negatively impact our
business, results of operations and financial condition. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—G. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Transfers
from Subsidiaries” for further information in this respect.
An inability to reduce costs could affect our profitability, and, in particular we may not be able to fully realize all of the anticipated benefits
and synergies of the combination with SAB.
Our future success and earnings growth depend in part on our ability to be efficient in producing, advertising and selling our products and
services. A number of our subsidiaries are in the process of executing a major cost-saving and efficiency program and we are pursuing a number of
initiatives to improve operational efficiency.
In particular, achieving the full anticipated advantages of the combination with SAB depends on the continued efficient combination of our
activities with SAB, which continues to involve costs and uncertainties. For example, the combination with SAB increased our exposure to certain risks,
including the challenge of continuing to develop collaborative relationships with SAB’s former partners in Eurasian and African countries in order to
ensure that decisions are taken in such partnerships which promote our strategic and business objectives.
Furthermore, we are party to an agreement with Altria Group, Inc. (“Altria”), pursuant to which we provide assistance and co-operation to and
give certain representations, indemnities and undertakings to Altria in relation to certain matters relevant to Altria under U.S. tax legislation (as
amended from time to time, the “Tax Matters Agreement”). This agreement imposes some limits on our ability to effect certain reorganizations we
might otherwise consider. See “Item 10. Additional Information—C. Material Contracts—Material Contracts Related to the Acquisition of SAB—Tax
Matters Agreement” for more information.
9
If we fail for any reason to successfully complete our cost-saving measures and programs as planned or to derive the expected benefits from these
measures and programs, including if we fail to realize the full anticipated synergies of the combination with SAB, there is a risk of increased costs
associated with these efforts, delays in benefit realization, disruption to the business, reputational damage or a reduced competitive advantage in the
medium term. Failure to generate significant cost savings and margin improvement through these initiatives could adversely affect our profitability and
our ability to achieve our financial goals.
We are exposed to developing market risks, including the risks of devaluation, nationalization and inflation.
A substantial proportion of our operations are carried out in developing markets, representing approximately 56.9% of our 2018 revenue, which
include Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, China, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, India, Mexico, Mozambique, Nigeria, Paraguay, Peru, South
Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Vietnam and Zambia.
Our operations and equity investments in these markets are subject to the customary risks of operating in developing countries, which include
political instability or insurrection, external interference, financial risks, changes in government policy, political and economic changes, changes in the
relations between countries, actions of governmental authorities affecting trade and foreign investment, regulations on repatriation of funds,
interpretation and application of local laws and regulations, enforceability of intellectual property and contract rights, local labor conditions and
regulations, lack of upkeep of public infrastructure, potential political and economic uncertainty, application of exchange controls, nationalization or
expropriation, empowerment legislation and policy, corrupt business environments, crime and lack of law enforcement. Such factors could affect our
results by causing interruptions to our operations or by increasing the costs of operating in those countries or by limiting our ability to repatriate profits
from those countries. The financial risks of operating in developing markets also include risks of illiquidity, inflation (for example, Brazil and Argentina
have periodically experienced extremely high rates of inflation), devaluation (see “—Our results of operations are affected by fluctuations in exchange
rates.”) (for example, the Brazilian, Argentine, Colombian, Peruvian, Turkish and several African currencies have been devalued frequently during the
last several decades), price volatility, currency convertibility and country default.
In particular, the results of our Argentinian operations have been significantly impacted in U.S. dollar terms in recent years by political instability,
fluctuations in the Argentine economy (such as the devaluation of the Argentine peso in May and August 2018), governmental actions concerning the
economy of Argentina (such as Argentina’s selective default on its restructured debt in July 2014), inflation and deteriorating macroeconomic
conditions in the country. Our subsidiary Ambev indirectly owns 100% of the issued share capital of a holding company with operating subsidiaries in
Argentina and other South American countries. Continued deterioration of the Argentine economy, or new foreign exchange, export repatriation or
expropriation regimes could adversely affect our liquidity and ability to access funds from Argentina, our financial condition and operating results.
Further devaluations of the Argentine peso (or the functional currencies of other of our operations) in the future, if any, may also decrease our net assets
in Argentina (and other of our operations), with a balancing entry in our equity. For further discussion of the risks imposed by hyperinflation in
Argentina, see “—Our results of operations are affected by fluctuations in exchange rates.”
These various factors could adversely impact our business, results of operations and financial condition. Moreover, the economies of developing
countries are often affected by developments in other developing market countries and, accordingly, adverse changes in developing markets elsewhere
in the world could have a negative impact on the markets in which we operate. Due to our geographic mix, these factors could affect us more than our
competitors with less exposure to developing markets, and any general decline in developing markets as a whole could impact us disproportionately
compared to our competitors.
10
We rely on the reputation of our brands.
Our success depends on our ability to maintain and enhance the image and reputation of our existing products and to develop a favorable image
and reputation for new products. The image and reputation of our products may be reduced in the future and concerns about product quality, even when
unfounded, could tarnish the image and reputation of our products. An event, or series of events, that materially damages the reputation of one or more
of our brands could have an adverse effect on the value of that brand and subsequent revenues from that brand or business. Restoring the image and
reputation of our products may be costly and may not be possible.
Moreover, our marketing efforts are subject to restrictions on the permissible advertising style, media and messages used. In a number of
countries, for example, television is a prohibited medium for advertising beer and other alcoholic beverage products, and in other countries, television
advertising, while permitted, is carefully regulated. Any additional restrictions in such countries, or the introduction of similar restrictions in other
countries, may constrain our brand building potential and thus reduce the value of our brands and related revenues.
Competition and changing consumer preferences could lead to a reduction in our margins, increase costs and adversely affect our
profitability.
We compete with both brewers and other drinks companies and our products compete with other beverages. Globally, brewers, as well as other
players in the beverage industry, compete mainly on the basis of brand image, price, quality, distribution networks and customer service. Consolidation
has significantly increased the capital base and geographic reach of our competitors in some of the markets in which we operate, and competition is
expected to increase further as the trend towards consolidation among companies in the beverage industry continues. Consolidation activity has also
increased along our distribution channels—in the case of both on-trade points of sale, such as pub companies, and off-trade retailers, such as
supermarkets. Such consolidation could increase the purchasing power of players in our distribution channels. For more information, see “—Certain of
our operations depend on independent distributors or wholesalers to sell our products, and we may be unable to replace distributors or acquire interests
in wholesalers or distributors. In addition, we may be adversely impacted by the consolidation of retailers.”
Concurrently, competition in the beverage industry is expanding and the market is becoming more fragmented, complex and sophisticated as
consumer preferences and tastes change. Such preferences can change rapidly and in unpredictable ways due to a variety of factors, including changing
levels of health consciousness among target consumers (including concerns about obesity and alcohol consumption), changes in prevailing economic
conditions, changes in the demographic make-up of target consumers, changing social trends and attitudes regarding alcoholic beverages, changes in
travel, vacation or leisure activity patterns, negative publicity resulting from regulatory action or litigation against us or comparable companies or a
downturn in economic conditions. Furthermore, developments in the regulatory frameworks governing the usage of cannabis could result in shifts in
consumer preference and the impact that cannabis legalization could have on alcohol sales remains unclear. Consumers also may begin to prefer the
products of competitors or may generally reduce their demand for products in the category.
Competition with brewers and producers of alternative beverages in our various markets and an increase in the purchasing power of players in our
distribution channels could cause us to reduce pricing, increase capital investment, increase marketing and other expenditures and/or prevent us from
increasing prices to recover higher costs, thereby causing us to reduce margins or lose market share. Further, we may not be able to anticipate or respond
adequately either to changes in consumer preferences and tastes or to developments in new forms of media and marketing. Any of the foregoing could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Innovation faces inherent risks, and the new products we
introduce may not be successful, while competitors may be able to respond more quickly than we can to emerging trends, such as the increasing
consumer preference for “craft beers” produced by microbreweries.
Additionally, the absence of level playing fields in some markets and the lack of transparency, or even certain unfair or illegal practices, such as
tax evasion and corruption, may skew the competitive environment in favor of our competitors with material adverse effects on our profitability or
ability to operate.
11
If any of our products is defective or found to contain contaminants, we may be subject to product recalls or other liabilities.
We take precautions to ensure that our beverage products and our associated packaging materials (such as bottles, crowns, cans and other
containers) meet accepted food safety and regulatory standards. Such precautions include quality-control programs and various technologies for primary
materials, the production process and our final products. We have established procedures to correct issues or concerns that are detected.
In the event that any failure to comply with accepted food safety and regulatory standards (such as a contamination or a defect) does occur in the
future, it may lead to business interruptions, product recalls or liability, each of which could have an adverse effect on our business, reputation,
prospects, financial condition and results of operations.
Although we maintain insurance against certain product liability (but not product recall) risks, we may not be able to enforce our rights in respect
of these policies, and, in the event that contamination or a defect occurs, any amounts that we recover may not be sufficient to offset any damage we
may suffer, which could adversely impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Negative publicity, perceived health risks and associated government regulation may harm our business.
In recent years, there has been increased public and political attention directed at the alcoholic beverage and food and soft drinks industries. This
attention is the result of a rising health and well-being trend that is reshaping the entire food and drinks industry and of fiscal concerns as health costs
become an increasingly important component of public finances in some markets. In the long term, this trend represents a risk for our business if it
results in the social acceptance of our products being diminished.
The global policy framework shaping the regulatory space for our products has evolved and the expectations of our stakeholders continue to
increase. We welcome the opportunity to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. Despite the progress made on our Smart Drinking Goals, we may be
criticized and experience an increase in the number of publications and studies debating our efforts to reduce the harmful consumption of alcohol, as
advocates try to shape the public discussions.
We may also be subject to laws and regulations aimed at reducing the affordability or availability of beer in some of our markets. Although public
health concerns over harmful consumption of alcohol are frequently cited as the rationale for governments to increase beer taxation, fiscal needs or the
lobbying of other alcohol categories are often also drivers. Additional regulatory restrictions on our business, such as those on opening hours or
marketing activities (including the marketing or selling of beer at sporting events), may cause the social acceptability of beer to decline significantly and
consumption trends to shift away from it, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Moreover, key brand names are used by us, our subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures, and are licensed to third-party brewers. To the extent
we or one of our subsidiaries, associates, joint ventures or licensees are subject to negative publicity, and the negative publicity causes consumers and
customers to change their purchasing patterns, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial
condition. As a significant portion of our operations occur in developing and growth markets, there is a greater risk that we may be subject to negative
publicity, in particular in relation to environmental issues, labor rights and local work conditions. Negative publicity that materially damages the
reputation of one or more of our brands could have an adverse effect on the value of that brand and subsequent revenues from that brand or business,
which could adversely impact our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
12
Climate change or other environmental concerns, or legal, regulatory or market measures to address climate change or other environmental
concerns, may negatively affect our business or operations, including the availability of key production inputs.
There is a growing concern that carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere may have an adverse impact on global temperatures,
weather and precipitation patterns and the frequency and severity of extreme weather and natural disasters. In the event that such climate change has a
negative effect on agricultural productivity, we may be subject to decreased availability or less favorable pricing for certain agricultural commodities
necessary for our products, such as barley, hops, sugar and corn. Climate change may also subject us to water scarcity and quality risks due to the large
amounts of water required to produce our products, including water consumed in the agricultural supply chain. In the event that climate change causes
water over-exploitation or has a negative effect on water availability or quality, the price of water may increase in certain areas and certain jurisdictions
may enact unfavorable changes to applicable water-related taxes and regulations. Such measures, if adopted, could lead to increased regulatory
pressures, production costs or capacity constraints. In addition, public expectations for reductions in greenhouse gas emissions could result in increased
energy, transportation and raw material costs and may require us to make additional investments in facilities and equipment due to increased regulatory
pressures. As a result, the effects of climate change could have a long-term, material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
We are required to report greenhouse gas emissions, energy data and other related information to a variety of entities, and to comply with the
wider obligations of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme. If we are unable to measure, track and disclose information accurately and in a
timely manner, we could be subject to civil penalties for non-compliance in the various European Union member states in which we operate. In addition,
the need for us to comply with the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme could result in increased operational costs if we are unable to meet our
compliance obligations and exceed our emission allocations. There is also a risk of new environmental regulation in many geographies where we
operate, including the European Union, U.S., Mexico and China, among others.
More generally, our operations are subject to environmental regulations by national, state and local agencies, including, in certain cases,
regulations that impose liability without regard to fault. These regulations can result in liability that might adversely affect our operations. The
environmental regulatory climate in the markets in which we operate is becoming stricter, with a greater emphasis on enforcement. While we have
continuously invested in reducing our environmental risks and budgeted for future capital and operating expenditures to maintain compliance with
environmental laws and regulations, there can be no assurance that we will not incur a substantial environmental liability or that applicable
environmental laws and regulations will not change or become more stringent in the future.
Our future success depends significantly on our ability to protect our current and future brands and products and to defend our intellectual
property rights, including trademarks, patents, domain names, trade secrets and know-how. We have been granted numerous trademark registrations and
patents covering our brands and products and have filed, and expect to continue to file, trademark and patent applications seeking to protect newly
developed brands and products. We cannot be sure that trademark and patent registrations will be issued with respect to any of our applications. There is
also a risk that we could, by omission, fail to renew a trademark or patent on a timely basis or that our competitors will challenge, invalidate or
circumvent any existing or future trademarks and patents issued to, or licensed by, us.
Although we have taken appropriate action to protect our portfolio of intellectual property rights (including patent applications, trademark
registration and domain names), we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will be sufficient or that third parties will not infringe upon or
misappropriate proprietary rights. Moreover, some of the countries in which we operate offer less effective intellectual property protection than is
available in Europe or the United States. If we are unable to protect our proprietary rights against infringement or misappropriation, it could have a
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition and, in particular, on our ability to develop our business.
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We could incur significant costs as a result of compliance with, and/or violations of or liabilities under, various regulations that govern our
operations.
Our business is highly regulated in many of the countries in which we or our licensed third parties operate. The regulations adopted by the
authorities in these countries govern many parts of our operations, including brewing, marketing and advertising (in particular to ensure our advertising
is directed to individuals of legal drinking age), consumer promotions and rebates, environmental protection, transportation, distributor relationships,
retail execution, sales and data privacy. We may be subject to claims that we have not complied with existing laws and regulations, which could result in
fines and penalties or loss of operating licenses.
We are also routinely subject to new or modified laws and regulations with which we must comply in order to avoid claims, fines and other
penalties, which could adversely impact our business, results of operations and financial condition. For example, we are subject to the General Data
Protection Regulation adopted in the European Union in April 2016, which was fully implemented in all member states in May 2018. Breach of any of
these laws or regulations can lead to significant fines and/or damage to our reputation, as well as significantly restrict our ability to deliver on our digital
productivity and growth plans.
The partnership between Labatt, the Canadian subsidiary of our subsidiary Ambev, and Tilray to research non-alcohol beverages containing
tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, both derived from cannabis, could lead to increased legal, reputational and financial risks. While this partnership
is currently limited to research in Canada, the laws and regulations governing recreational cannabis are still developing, including in ways that we may
not foresee. For instance, the involvement in the legal cannabis industry in Canada may invite new regulatory and enforcement scrutiny in other
markets. Cannabis remains illegal in many markets in which we operate, and violations of law could result in significant fines, penalties, administrative
sanctions, convictions or settlements arising from civil proceedings or criminal charges. Furthermore, the political environment and popular support for
cannabis legalization is changing quickly and remains in flux.
We may also be subject to laws and regulations aimed at reducing the availability of beer and other alcoholic beverage products in some of our
markets to address alcohol abuse and other social issues. See “—Negative publicity, perceived health risks and associated government regulation may
harm our business.” There can be no assurance that we will not incur material costs or liabilities in connection with compliance with applicable
regulatory requirements, or that such regulation will not interfere with our beer, other alcoholic beverage and soft drinks businesses.
For further detail regarding common regulations and restrictions on us, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—11.
Regulations Affecting Our Business” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—A. Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Governmental
Regulations.”
We are now and may in the future be party to legal proceedings and claims and significant damages may be asserted against us. See “Item 8.
Financial Information—A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal and Arbitration Proceedings” and “Item 5.
Operating and Financial Review—H. Contractual Obligations and Contingencies—Contingencies” and note 32 to our audited consolidated financial
statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018, for a description of certain material contingencies
which we believe are reasonably possible (but not probable) to be realized. Given the inherent uncertainty of litigation, it is possible that we might incur
liabilities as a consequence of the proceedings and claims brought against us, including those that are not currently believed by us to be reasonably
possible.
Moreover, companies in the alcoholic beverage industry and soft drink industry – including our operations – are, from time to time, exposed to
collective suits (class actions) or other litigation relating to alcohol advertising, alcohol abuse problems or health consequences from the excessive
consumption of beer, other alcoholic beverages and soft drinks. As an illustration, we and certain other beer and other alcoholic beverage producers
from Brazil, Canada, Europe and the United States have been involved in class actions and other litigation seeking damages for, among other things,
alleged marketing of alcoholic beverages to underage consumers. If any of these types of litigation were to result in fines, damages or reputational
damage to us or our brands, this could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial position. See “Item 8.
Financial Information—A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal and Arbitration Proceedings.”
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Our failure to satisfy our obligations under the SAB settlement agreement could adversely affect our financial condition and results of
operations.
We entered into a consent decree with the U.S. Department of Justice in relation to the combination with SAB on 20 July 2016. As part of this
consent decree, we agreed (i) not to acquire control of a distributor if doing so would result in more than 10% of our U.S. annual volume being
distributed through majority owned distributorships in the U.S., (ii) not to terminate any wholesalers as a result of the combination with SAB, (iii) to
review and modify certain aspects of our U.S. sales programs and policies to ensure that we do not limit the ability and incentives of independent
distributors to sell and promote third-party brewers’ products and (iv) to notify the U.S. Department of Justice at least 30 days prior to the
consummation of any acquisition of a beer brewer, importer, distributor or brand owner deriving more than USD 7.5 million in annual gross revenue
from beer sold for further resale in the United States or from license fees generated by such sales, subject to certain exceptions. The consent decree was
approved and entered by the U.S. federal district court in the District of Columbia on 22 October 2018. Unless the court grants an extension, the consent
decree will expire on 20 July 2026 (ten (10) years after the U.S. Department of Justice filed its complaint); however, the consent decree may be
terminated at any time after 22 October 2023 upon notice by the U.S. Department of Justice to the court that continuation of the consent decree is no
longer necessary or in the public interest. Our compliance with our obligations under the settlement agreement is monitored by the U.S. Department of
Justice and the Monitoring Trustee appointed by it. Were we to fail to fulfill our obligations under the settlement, whether intentionally or inadvertently,
we could be subject to monetary fines or other penalties. Our obligations under the settlement agreement (in particular the restrictions on our U.S. sales
programs and policies) may also adversely impact our U.S. operations.
In other jurisdictions, we were required to make certain divestitures and to fulfill a number of other commitments as a condition to receiving
regulatory clearance for the combination with SAB, and we are now in the process of fulfilling these commitments. For more information on
commitments related to the combination with SAB, see “—We are exposed to antitrust and competition laws in certain jurisdictions and the risk of
changes in such laws or in the interpretation and enforcement of existing antitrust and competition laws. In addition, in connection with our previous
acquisitions, various regulatory authorities have previously imposed conditions with which we are required to comply.”
Taxation on our products in the countries in which we operate is comprised of different taxes specific to each jurisdiction, such as excise and other
indirect taxes (such as value-added tax (“VAT”)). In many jurisdictions, these taxes make up a large proportion of the cost of beer charged to
consumers. Increases in excise and other indirect taxes applicable to our products either on an absolute basis or relative to the levels applicable to other
beverages tend to adversely affect our revenue or margins, both by reducing overall consumption of our products and by encouraging consumers to
switch to other categories of beverages, including unrecorded or informal alcohol products. These increases also adversely affect the affordability of our
products and our profitability. In recent years, Australia, South Africa, Egypt, Singapore and Argentina among others, increased beer excise taxes. Tax
increases can result in significant price increases and have a significant impact on our sales of beer. See “—Negative publicity, perceived health risks
and associated government regulation may harm our business.”
In the United States, the brewing industry is subject to significant taxation. The U.S. federal government currently levies an excise tax on beer
sold for consumption in the United States of USD 16 per barrel (equivalent to approximately 117 liters) for the first six million barrels and USD 18 per
barrel thereafter. All states also levy excise and/or sales taxes on alcoholic beverages. From time to time, there are proposals to increase these taxes, and
in the future, these taxes could increase. Increases in excise taxes on alcohol could adversely affect our United States business and its profitability.
In addition to excise taxes, additional charges may be levied in relation to tax stamps and other forms of fiscal marking. In the last year we have
seen a strong pressure to introduce costly and ineffective fiscal marking systems in several African markets. The cost of these marking schemes could
adversely affect our businesses in the relevant countries (including their profitability).
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Proposals to increase excise or other indirect taxes may result from the current economic climate and may also be influenced by changes in public
perceptions regarding the consumption of beer and other alcoholic beverages. To the extent that the effect of the tax reforms described above or other
proposed changes to excise and other indirect duties in the countries in which we operate is to increase the total burden of indirect taxation on our
products, our results of operations in those countries could be adversely affected.
In addition to excise and other indirect duties, we are subject to income and other taxes in the countries in which we operate. There can be no
assurance that the operations of our breweries and other facilities will not become subject to increased taxation by local, national or foreign authorities
or that we and our subsidiaries will not become subject to higher corporate income tax rates or to new or modified taxation regulations and
requirements.
For example, the work being carried out by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development on base erosion and profit shifting and
initiatives at the European Union level (including the anti-tax avoidance directive adopted by the Council of the European Union on 12 July 2016) as a
response to increasing globalization of trade and business operations could result in changes in tax treaties, the introduction of new legislation, updates
to existing legislation, or changes to regulatory interpretations of existing legislation, any of which could impose additional taxes on businesses.
Furthermore, the U.S. tax reform legislation signed on 22 December 2017 (Public Law 115-97) (the “Tax Act”), known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act,
brings major tax legislation changes into law. While the Tax Act reduces the statutory rate of U.S. federal corporate income tax to 21% and provides an
exemption for certain dividends from 10%-owned foreign subsidiaries, the Tax Act expands the tax base by introducing further limitations on
deductibility of interest, the imposition of a “base erosion and anti-abuse tax” and the imposition of minimum tax for “global intangible low-tax
income,” among other changes which would adversely impact our results of operations. The overall impact of the Tax Act also depends on the future
interpretations and regulations that may be issued by U.S. tax authorities, and it is possible that future guidance could adversely impact us.
Additionally, international global climate change negotiations and other international treaties, such as the Montreal Protocol, increasingly
encourage countries to introduce regulations and other measures to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, including carbon taxes. For more information on
environmental regulations and taxation, see “—Climate change or other environmental concerns, or legal, regulatory or market measures to address
climate change or other environmental concerns, may negatively affect our business or operations, including the availability of key production inputs.”
Any such increases or changes in taxation would tend to adversely impact our results of operations.
We are exposed to antitrust and competition laws in certain jurisdictions and the risk of changes in such laws or in the interpretation and
enforcement of existing antitrust and competition laws. In addition, in connection with our previous acquisitions, various regulatory authorities
have previously imposed conditions with which we are required to comply.
We are subject to antitrust and competition laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Consequently, we may be subject to regulatory scrutiny
in certain of these jurisdictions. For instance, in June 2016, the European Commission announced an investigation into alleged abuse of a dominant
position by us in Belgium and on 30 November 2017, the European Commission informed us of its preliminary view in a Statement of Objections that
these practices are an infringement and invited us to respond. The fact that a Statement of Objections has been issued does not mean that the European
Commission has concluded that there is an infringement. See “Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other
Financial Information—Legal and Arbitration Proceedings—Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV—Antitrust Matters” for more information. In addition, our
Brazilian listed subsidiary, Ambev, has been subject to monitoring by antitrust authorities in Brazil. There can be no assurance that the introduction of
new competition laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate, the interpretation of existing antitrust or competition laws, the enforcement of existing
antitrust or competition laws by competent authorities or civil antitrust litigation by private parties, or any agreements with competent antitrust or
competition authorities, against us or our subsidiaries, including Ambev, will not affect our business or the businesses of our subsidiaries in the future or
have a financial impact.
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For example, we had to obtain regulatory clearances for the combination with SAB in over 30 jurisdictions, and certain regulatory authorities
imposed conditions in connection therewith, including the United States, South Africa, Botswana, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Ecuador, Colombia, El
Salvador, Australia and Moldova. The terms and conditions of any authorizations, approvals and/or clearances obtained to date, or other actions taken
by a regulatory authority following the closing of the combination with SAB to obtain further authorizations, approvals and/or clearances may require,
among other things, the divestiture of our assets or businesses to third parties, changes to our operations, restrictions on our ability to operate in certain
jurisdictions, restrictions on the two businesses combining their operations in certain jurisdictions or other commitments to regulatory authorities
regarding ongoing operations. Any such actions could have a material adverse effect on our business and diminish substantially the synergies and the
advantages which we expect to achieve from the combination with SAB or any subsequent M&A activity.
In addition, divestitures and other commitments made in order to obtain regulatory approvals, or our failure to comply with such commitments,
may have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects. These or any conditions, remedies or changes also
reduce the price we are able to obtain for such disposals or imposing additional costs on or limiting our revenues, any of which might have a material
adverse effect on us and our results of operations.
If we do not successfully comply with applicable anti-corruption laws, export control regulations and trade restrictions, we could become
subject to fines, penalties or other regulatory sanctions, as well as to adverse press coverage, which could cause our reputation, our sales or our
profitability to suffer.
We operate our business and market our products in markets that, as a result of political and economic instability, a lack of well-developed legal
systems and potentially corrupt business environments, present us with political, economic and operational risks. Although we are committed to
conducting business in a legal and ethical manner in compliance with local and international statutory requirements and standards applicable to our
business, there is a risk that employees or representatives of our subsidiaries, affiliates, associates, joint ventures or other business interests may take
actions that violate applicable laws and regulations that generally prohibit the making of improper payments to foreign government officials for the
purpose of obtaining or keeping business, including laws relating to the 1997 OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in
International Business Transactions, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”), the U.K. Bribery Act and Brazilian Law No. 12,846/13 (an
anti-bribery statute that was enacted in January 2014). Such actions could expose us to potential liability and the costs associated with investigating
potential misconduct. In addition, any press coverage associated with misconduct under these laws and regulations, even if unwarranted or baseless,
could damage our reputation and sales.
In respect of the FCPA, we cooperated with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and the U.S. Department of Justice in
connection with their investigations into the relationships of our current and former affiliates in India, including our former non-consolidated Indian
joint venture, which we exited during 2015. See “Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial
Information—Legal and Arbitration Proceedings.” On 8 June 2016, the U.S. Department of Justice notified us that it was closing its investigation and
would not be pursuing enforcement action in this matter. On 28 September 2016, we entered into a settlement agreement with the SEC, pursuant to
which we agreed to pay an aggregate amount (including disgorgement and penalties) of approximately USD 6 million to the SEC and assume certain
ongoing reporting and cooperation obligations, which ended on 28 September 2018.
In Brazil, governmental authorities are currently investigating consulting services provided by a firm part-owned by a former elected government
official who has been convicted of corruption and racketeering by Brazil’s highest court. Our subsidiary, Ambev, has, in the past, hired the services of
this consulting firm. We have reviewed our internal controls and compliance procedures in relation to these services and have not identified any
evidence of misconduct.
As a global brewer, we also operate our business and market our products in countries that may be subject to export control regulations,
embargoes, economic sanctions and other forms of trade restrictions imposed by the United States, the European Union, the United Nations and other
participants in the international community. For example, we indirectly own, through AB InBev Efes, our combined company with Anadolu Efes,
subsidiaries in
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Russia and Ukraine. We do not sell directly into the Crimea region but are aware that indirect shipments may occur. In addition, certain of our associates
also operate their business and market their products in countries subject to trade restrictions. For example, Anadolu Efes has an indirect interest in a
Syrian soft drinks bottler and has limited distribution to Iran. Furthermore, our subsidiary Ambev operates a joint venture in Cuba with the Government
of Cuba. See “—Our subsidiary Ambev operates a joint venture in Cuba, in which the Government of Cuba is its joint venture partner. Cuba remains
subject to comprehensive economic and trade sanctions by the United States and Ambev’s operation in Cuba may adversely affect our reputation and
the liquidity and value of our securities.”
If we or any of our associates fail to comply with economic sanctions or trade restrictions imposed by the United States, the European Union or
other national or international authorities that are applicable to us or them, we may be exposed to potential legal liability and the costs associated with
investigating potential misconduct, as well as potential reputational damage. Moreover, new or expanded export control regulations, economic
sanctions, embargoes or other forms of trade restrictions imposed on Syria, Cuba or other countries in which we or our associates do business may
curtail our existing business and may result in serious economic challenges in these geographies, which could have a material adverse effect on our and
our subsidiaries’ operations, and may result in impairment charges on goodwill or other intangible assets.
Additionally, the global reach of our operations exposes us to risks associated with doing business globally, including changes in tariffs. The
Office of the United States Trade Representative has enacted tariffs on certain imports into the United States from China. These tariffs could have a
material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Additionally, the U.S. federal government continues to signal that it may alter trade
agreements and terms between China and the United States, including limiting trade with China, imposing additional tariffs on imports from China and
potentially imposing other restrictions on exports from China to the United States. Consequently, it is possible that additional or higher tariffs will be
imposed on products imported from foreign countries, including China, or that our business will be adversely impacted by retaliatory trade measures
taken by China or other countries in response to existing or future tariffs.
Our subsidiary Ambev operates a joint venture in Cuba, in which the Government of Cuba is its joint venture partner. Cuba remains subject to
comprehensive economic and trade sanctions by the United States and Ambev’s operations in Cuba may adversely affect our reputation and the
liquidity and value of our securities.
On 28 January 2014, a subsidiary of our subsidiary Ambev acquired from us a 50% equity interest in Cervecería Bucanero S.A., a Cuban
company in the business of producing and selling beer. Consequently, we indirectly own, through our subsidiary Ambev, a 50% equity interest in
Cervecería Bucanero S.A. The other 50% equity interest is owned by the Government of Cuba. Cervecería Bucanero S.A. is operated as a joint venture
in which Ambev appoints the general manager. Cervecería Bucanero S.A.’s main brands are Bucanero and Cristal, but it also imports and sells in Cuba
other brands produced by certain of our non-U.S. subsidiaries. In 2018, Cervecería Bucanero S.A. sold 1.6 million hectoliters of beer, representing about
0.3% of our global volume of 567 million hectoliters for the year. Although Cervecería Bucanero S.A.’s production is primarily sold in Cuba, a small
portion of its production is exported to and sold by certain distributors in other countries outside Cuba (but not in the United States).
The U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control and the U.S. Commerce Department together administer and enforce broad and
comprehensive economic and trade sanctions based on U.S. foreign policy towards Cuba. Although our operations in Cuba through our subsidiary
Ambev are quantitatively immaterial, our overall business reputation may suffer or we may face additional regulatory scrutiny as a result of our
activities in Cuba based on the identification of Cuba as a target of U.S. economic and trade sanctions.
In addition, the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (LIBERTAD) Act of 1996 (known as the “Helms-Burton Act”) authorizes private
lawsuits for damages against anyone who traffics in property confiscated without compensation by the Government of Cuba from persons who at the
time were, or have since become, nationals of the United States. Although this section of the Helms-Burton Act is currently suspended by discretionary
presidential action, the suspension may not continue in the future. Claims accrue notwithstanding the suspension and may be asserted if the suspension
is discontinued. The Helms-Burton Act also includes a section that authorizes the U.S. Department of State to prohibit entry into the United States of
non-U.S. persons who traffic in confiscated property, and corporate officers and principals of such persons, and their families. In 2009, we received
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notice of a claim purporting to be made under the Helms-Burton Act relating to the use of a trademark by Cervecería Bucanero S.A., which is alleged to
have been confiscated by the Cuban government and trafficked by us through our former ownership and management of the company. Although we
have attempted to review and evaluate the validity of the claim, due to the uncertain underlying circumstances, we are currently unable to express a view
as to the validity of such claim or as to the claimants’ standing to pursue it.
In order to develop, support and market our products, we must hire and retain skilled employees with particular expertise. The implementation of
our strategic business plans could be undermined by a failure to recruit or retain key personnel or the unexpected loss of senior employees, including in
acquired companies.
We face various challenges inherent in the management of a large number of employees across diverse geographical regions. It is not certain that
we will be able to attract or retain key employees and successfully manage them, which could disrupt our business and have an unfavorable material
effect on our financial position, income from operations and competitive position.
We are exposed to labor strikes and disputes that could lead to a negative impact on our costs and production level.
Our success depends on maintaining good relations with our workforce. In several of our operations, a majority of our workforce is unionized. For
instance, a majority of the hourly employees at our breweries in several key countries in different geographies are represented by unions. Our production
may be affected by work stoppages or slowdowns as a result of disputes under existing collective labor agreements with labor unions. We may not be
able to satisfactorily renegotiate our collective labor agreements when they expire and may face tougher negotiations or higher wage and benefit
demands. Furthermore, a work stoppage or slowdown at our facilities could interrupt the transport of raw materials from our suppliers or the transport of
our products to our customers. Such disruptions could put a strain on our relationships with suppliers and clients and may have lasting effects on our
business even after the disputes with our labor force have been resolved, including as a result of negative publicity.
Our production may also be affected by work stoppages or slowdowns that affect our suppliers, distributors and retail delivery/logistics providers
as a result of disputes under existing collective labor agreements with labor unions, in connection with negotiations of new collective labor agreements,
as a result of supplier financial distress or for other reasons.
A strike, work stoppage or slowdown within our operations or those of our suppliers, or an interruption or shortage of raw materials for any other
reason (including, but not limited to, financial distress, natural disaster or difficulties affecting a supplier) could have a material adverse effect on our
earnings, financial condition and ability to operate our business.
Our United States organization has approximately 5,100 hourly brewery workers represented by the International Brotherhood of Teamsters. Their
compensation and other terms of employment are governed by collective bargaining agreements negotiated between us and the Teamsters. We recently
completed negotiations of new five-year agreements with the Teamsters, which will expire on 29 February 2024.
Information technology failures, including those that affect the privacy and security of sensitive customer and business information, could
damage our reputation and we could suffer a loss of revenue, incur substantial additional costs and become subject to litigation and regulatory
scrutiny.
We rely on information technology systems to process, transmit and store large amounts of electronic data, including personal information. We
engage in ecommerce in nearly two dozen countries, which includes direct sales to some customers. Additionally, a significant portion of the
communication between our personnel, customers and suppliers depends on information technology. As with all large systems, our information systems
may be vulnerable to a variety of interruptions due to events beyond our control, including, but not limited to, natural disasters, terrorist attacks,
telecommunications failures, computer viruses, hackers or other security issues.
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We depend on information technology to enable us to operate efficiently and interface with customers, as well as to maintain in-house
management and control. We also collect and store non-public personal information that customers provide to purchase products or services, including
personal information and payment information. We have entered into various information technology services agreements pursuant to which our
information technology is partially outsourced to leading vendors, and we may share information about customers and employees with vendors that
assist with certain aspects of our business.
In addition, the concentration of processes in shared services centers means that any technology disruption could impact a large portion of our
business within the operating regions served. Any transitions of processes to, from or within shared services centers as well as other transformational
projects could lead to business disruptions. If we do not allocate and effectively manage the resources necessary to build and sustain the proper
technology infrastructure, we could be subject to transaction errors, processing inefficiencies, loss of customers, operations disruptions, or the loss of or
damage to intellectual property through a security breach. As with all information technology systems, our system could also be penetrated by outside
parties intent on extracting information, corrupting information or disrupting business processes.
We take various actions with the aim of minimizing potential technology disruptions, such as investing in intrusion detection solutions,
proceeding with internal and external security assessments, building and implementing business continuity plans and reviewing risk management
processes. These protections may be compromised as a result of third-party security breaches, burglaries, cyberattack, errors by employees or employees
of third-party vendors, of contractors, misappropriation of data by employees, vendors or unaffiliated third parties, or other irregularities that may result
in persons obtaining unauthorized access to company data or otherwise disrupting our business. For example, if outside parties gained access to
confidential data or strategic information and appropriated such information or made such information public, this could harm our reputation or our
competitive advantage, or could expose us or our customers to a risk of loss or misuse of information. More generally, technology disruptions can have
a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
While we continue to invest in new technology monitoring and cyberattack prevention systems, no commercial or government entity can be
entirely free of vulnerability to attack or compromise given how rapidly and unpredictably techniques evolve to obtain unauthorized access or disable or
degrade service. During the normal course of business, we have experienced and continue to expect to experience attempted breaches of our technology
systems and networks from time to time. In 2018, as in previous years, we experienced several attempted breaches of our technology systems and
networks. None of the attempted breaches of our systems (as a result of cyberattacks, security breaches or similar events) had a material impact on our
business or operations or resulted in known material unauthorized access to our data or our customers’ data.
Our business and operating results could be negatively impacted by natural, social, technical or physical risks such as a widespread health
emergency (or concerns over the possibility of such an emergency), earthquakes, hurricanes, flooding, fire, water scarcity, power loss, loss of water
supply, telecommunications and information technology system failures, cyberattacks, labor disputes, political instability, military conflict and
uncertainties arising from terrorist attacks, including a global economic slowdown, the economic consequences of any military action and associated
political instability.
We purchase insurance for director and officer liability and other coverage where required by law or contract or where considered to be in our best
interest. In accordance with the co-operation agreement entered into with SAB (as amended from time to time, the “Co-operation Agreement”), we
have also procured the provision of directors’ and officers’ insurance for former directors and officers of SAB for a period of six years following the
completion of the combination with SAB. Even though we maintain these insurance policies, we self-insure most of our insurable risk. Should an
uninsured loss or a loss in excess of insured limits occur, this could adversely impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.
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An impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets would adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We have previously recognized significant goodwill on our balance sheet through acquisitions. For example, as a result of the combination with
Grupo Modelo in 2013, we recognized USD 19.6 billion of goodwill on our balance sheet and recorded several brands from the Grupo Modelo business
(including brands in the Corona brand family, among others) as intangible assets with indefinite useful lives with a fair value of USD 4.7 billion.
Similarly, as a result of the 2008 Anheuser-Busch Companies acquisition, we recognized USD 32.9 billion of goodwill on our balance sheet and
recorded several brands from the Anheuser-Busch Companies business (including brands in the Budweiser brand family, among others) as intangible
assets with indefinite useful lives with a fair value of USD 21.4 billion.
Additionally, upon completion of the combination with SAB, we recognized USD 72.4 billion of incremental goodwill on our balance sheet.
Our accounting policy considers brands and distribution rights for our own products as intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, which are
tested for impairment on an annual basis (or more often if an event or circumstance indicates that an impairment loss may have been incurred) and not
amortized. After the completion of the combination with SAB, we recorded brands and other intangibles from the SAB business as intangible assets
with indefinite useful lives, with a fair value of USD 15.0 billion.
As of 31 December 2018, our goodwill amounted to USD 133.3 billion and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives amounted to USD
42.4 billion. If the continuing integration of our businesses with SAB’s businesses meets with unexpected difficulties or if the combined business does
not develop as expected, impairment charges may be incurred in the future that could be significant and that could have an adverse effect on our results
of operations and financial condition.
The audit report included in this annual report is prepared by an auditor who is not inspected by the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board and, as such, you may be deprived of the benefits of such inspection.
Auditors of companies that are registered with the SEC and traded publicly in the United States, including our independent registered public
accounting firm, must be registered with the U.S. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (the “PCAOB”) and are required by the
laws of the United States to undergo regular inspections by the PCAOB to assess their compliance with the laws of the United States and professional
standards. Because our auditors are located in Belgium, a jurisdiction where the PCAOB is currently unable to conduct inspections without the approval
of the Belgian authorities, our auditors are not currently inspected by the PCAOB.
This lack of PCAOB inspections in Belgium prevents the PCAOB from regularly evaluating audits and quality-control procedures of any auditors
operating in Belgium, including our auditors. As a result, investors may be deprived of the benefits of PCAOB inspections.
The inability of the PCAOB to conduct inspections of auditors in Belgium makes it more difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of our auditor’s
audit procedures or quality-control procedures as compared to auditors outside of Belgium that are subject to PCAOB inspections.
The market price of our Ordinary Shares and ADSs may be volatile as a result of various factors, many of which are beyond our control. These
factors include, but are not limited to, the following:
• market expectations for our financial performance;
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• actual or anticipated fluctuations in our results of operations and financial condition;
• changes in the estimates of our results of operations by securities analysts;
• investor perception of the impact of the combination with SAB on us and our shareholders;
• the conversion of Restricted Shares into Ordinary Shares, the Restricted Shares becoming so convertible on 10 October 2021, subject to
certain limited exceptions (see “Item 10—Additional Information—B. Memorandum and Articles of Association and Other Share
Information—Form and Transferability of Our Shares—Restricted Shares—Conversion into Ordinary Shares”);
• potential or actual sales of blocks of our Ordinary Shares or ADSs in the market by any shareholder or short selling of our Ordinary Shares
or ADSs. Any such transaction could occur at any time or from time to time, with or without notice;
• the entry of new competitors or new products in the markets in which we operate;
• volatility in the market as a whole or investor perception of the beverage industry or of our competitors; and
• the occurrence of any of the matters discussed in the risk factors mentioned in this section.
The market price of our Ordinary Shares and ADSs may be adversely affected by any of the preceding or other factors regardless of our actual
results of operations and financial condition.
Our largest shareholder may use its significant interest to take actions not supported by our other shareholders.
As of 13 March 2019, our largest shareholder, Stichting Anheuser-Busch InBev (the “Stichting”), owned 33.84% of our voting rights (and the
Stichting and certain other entities acting in concert with it (within the meaning of the Belgian Law of 1 April 2007 on public takeover bids and/or the
Belgian Law of 2 May 2007 on the disclosure of significant holdings in listed companies) held, in aggregate, 43.47% of our voting rights), based on the
number of shares outstanding on 13 March 2019, excluding the 59,862,607 treasury shares held by us and our subsidiaries, Brandbrew S.A., Brandbev
S.à.R.L. and Mexbrew S.à.R.L. (see “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—A. Major Shareholders”). In accordance with our
articles of association, the Stichting has the ability to effectively control the election of a majority of our board of directors, as a result of which, under
Belgian law, the Stichting has control of us. The Stichting is also able to have a significant influence on the outcome of corporate actions requiring
shareholder approval, including mergers, share capital increases and other extraordinary items. See “Item 10. Additional Information—B. Memorandum
and Articles of Association and Other Share Information—Description of the Rights and Benefits Attached to Our Shares” for further information in this
respect.
The interests and time horizons of the Stichting may differ from those of other shareholders. As a result of its influence on our business, the
Stichting could prevent us from making certain decisions or taking certain actions that would protect the interests of our other shareholders. For
example, this concentration of ownership may delay or prevent a change of control of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, even in the event that this change
of control may benefit other shareholders generally. Similarly, the Stichting could prevent us from taking certain actions that would dilute its percentage
interest in our shares, even if such actions would generally be beneficial to us and/or to other shareholders. These and other factors related to the
Stichting’s holding of a significant interest in our shares may reduce the liquidity of our shares and ADSs and their attractiveness to investors.
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We may be unable to pay dividends.
As a general matter, we cannot guarantee that we will pay dividends in the future. The payment of dividends will depend on factors such as our
business outlook, cash flow requirements and financial performance, the state of the market and the general economic climate and other factors,
including tax and other regulatory considerations. In particular, in light of the increased debt that resulted from completion of the combination with
SAB, deleveraging remains a priority and may restrict the amount of dividends we are able to pay. In addition, we must, under Belgian law and our
articles of association, before we proceed with any dividend payment, allocate an amount equal to 5% of our annual net profit on an unconsolidated
basis to a legal reserve in our unconsolidated financial statements until the reserve reaches 10% of our share capital, in accordance with Belgian
accounting principles.
Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the euro, the South African rand, the Mexican peso and the U.S. dollar may increase the risk of
holding our ADSs and Ordinary Shares.
Our Ordinary Shares currently trade on Euronext Brussels in euro and we have secondary listings of our shares on the Johannesburg Stock
Exchange in South African rand and on the Mexican Stock Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores) in Mexican pesos. Our ADSs trade on the New York
Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) in U.S. dollars. Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the euro, the South African rand, the Mexican peso and the U.S.
dollar may result in temporary differences between the value of our Ordinary Shares trading in different currencies and between the value of our
Ordinary Shares and ADSs, which may result in heavy trading by investors seeking to exploit such differences. Similarly, uncertainty over fiscal and
budgetary challenges in the United States, Mexico, South Africa and/or Europe may negatively impact global economic conditions, and could trigger
sharply increased trading and consequent market fluctuations, which would increase the volatility of, and may have an adverse effect upon, the price of
our Ordinary Shares or ADSs.
In addition, as a result of fluctuations in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar, the euro, the South African rand and the Mexican peso, the
U.S. dollar equivalent of the proceeds that a holder of our ADSs would receive upon the sale in Belgium, South Africa or Mexico of any shares
withdrawn from the American Depositary Receipt (“ADR”) depositary and the U.S. dollar equivalent of any cash dividends paid in euro on our
Ordinary Shares represented by the ADSs could also decline.
Future equity issuances may dilute the holdings of current shareholders or ADS holders and could materially affect the market price of our
Ordinary Shares or ADSs.
We may in the future decide to offer additional equity to raise capital or for other purposes, in compliance with applicable Belgian legislation.
Any such additional offering could reduce the proportionate ownership and voting interests of holders of our Ordinary Shares and ADSs, as well as our
earnings per share or ADS and net asset value per share or ADS, and any offerings by us or our main shareholders could have an adverse effect on the
market price of our Ordinary Shares and ADSs.
We entered into a registration rights agreement requiring us to register for resale under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities
Act”), all registrable shares held by the holders of Restricted Shares (the “Restricted Shareholders”) no earlier than five years after completion of the
combination with SAB, at which point the Restricted Shares will become eligible for conversion into Ordinary Shares at the option of the Restricted
Shareholder. As of the closing of the combination with SAB, Restricted Shares represented 16.14% of our outstanding share capital. Although the
Restricted Shares are generally subject to certain holdback and suspension periods until 21 October 2021, the Restricted Shares, once they are converted
to Ordinary Shares, are not subject to a “lock-up” or similar restriction under the registration rights agreement. Accordingly, sales of large numbers of
Ordinary Shares may be made upon registration of such shares with the SEC in accordance with the terms of the registration rights agreement.
Registration and sales of our Ordinary Shares effectuated pursuant to the registration rights agreement will increase the number of shares being sold in
the public market and may increase the volatility of the price of our Ordinary Shares and ADSs.
Investors may suffer dilution if they are not able to participate in equity offerings, and our ADS holders may not receive any value for rights
that we may grant.
Our constitutional documents provide for preference rights to be granted to our existing shareholders unless such rights are disapplied by
resolution of our shareholders’ meeting or the Board of Directors. Our shareholders’ meeting or our Board of Directors may disapply such rights in
future equity offerings, while no preference rights
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apply to capital increases through contributions in kind. In addition, certain shareholders (including shareholders resident in, or citizens of, certain
jurisdictions, such as the United States, Australia, Canada and Japan) may not be entitled to exercise such rights even if they are not disapplied unless
the rights and related shares are registered or qualified for sale under the relevant legislative or regulatory framework. In particular, there can be no
assurance that we will be able to establish an exemption from registration under the Securities Act and we are under no obligation to file a registration
statement with respect to any such preferential subscription rights or underlying securities or to endeavor to have a registration statement declared
effective under the Securities Act (other than as set out in the Registration Rights Agreement) (see “Item 10. Additional Information—C. Material
Contracts—Material Contracts Related to the Acquisition of SAB” for more information on the Registration Rights Agreement). As a result, there is the
risk that investors may suffer dilution of their shareholding should they not be permitted to participate in preference right equity or other offerings that
we may conduct in the future.
If rights are granted to our shareholders, but the ADR depositary is unable to sell rights corresponding to shares represented by ADSs that are not
exercised by, or distributed to, our ADS holders, or if the sale of such rights is not lawful or reasonably practicable, the ADR depositary will allow the
rights to lapse, in which case ADS holders will receive no value for such rights.
ADS holders may not be able to exercise their right to vote the shares underlying our ADSs.
Holders of ADSs may be entitled to exercise voting rights with respect to the Ordinary Shares represented by our ADSs only in accordance with
the provisions of the deposit agreement (as amended from time to time, the “Deposit Agreement”), dated 30 June 2009, as amended from time to time,
among former AB InBev, The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, and the owners and holders of American Depositary Shares from time to time
under the Deposit Agreement, to which we are successor-in-interest. The Deposit Agreement provides that, upon receipt of a notice of any meeting of
holders of our Ordinary Shares, the depositary will, if we so request, distribute to the ADS holders a notice which shall contain (i) such information as is
contained in the notice of the meeting sent by us, (ii) a statement that the ADS holder as of the specified record date shall be entitled to instruct the ADR
depositary as to the exercise of voting rights and (iii) a statement as to the manner in which instructions may be given by the holders.
Under the Deposit Agreement, holders of ADSs may instruct the depositary to vote the shares underlying their ADSs, but they will only receive
the notice described above if we ask the depositary to ask for their instructions. Otherwise, ADS holders will not be able to exercise their right to vote,
unless they withdraw the Ordinary Shares underlying the ADSs they hold. However, ADS holders may not know about the meeting far enough in
advance to withdraw those shares. If we ask for the instructions of ADS holders, the depositary, upon timely notice from us, will notify ADS holders of
the upcoming vote and arrange to deliver our voting materials to them. We cannot guarantee ADS holders that they will receive the voting materials in
time to ensure that they can instruct the depositary to vote their shares. In addition, the depositary and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry
out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that ADS holders may not be able to exercise their right to vote,
and there may be nothing they can do if the shares underlying their ADSs are not voted as requested.
ADS holders may be subject to limitations on the transfer of their ADSs or the withdrawal of the underlying Ordinary Shares from the deposit
facility.
ADSs are transferable on the books of the ADR depositary. However, the ADR depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of
ADSs generally when the books of the depositary are closed or if such action is deemed necessary or advisable by the depositary or by us because of any
requirement of law or of any government or governmental body or commission or under any provision of the Deposit Agreement. Moreover, the
surrender of ADSs and withdrawal of Ordinary Shares may be suspended subject to the payment of fees, taxes and similar charges or if we direct the
depositary at any time to cease new issuances and withdrawals of our Ordinary Shares during periods specified by us in connection with shareholders’
meetings, the payment of dividends or as otherwise reasonably necessary for compliance with any applicable laws or government regulations.
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Shareholders may not enjoy under Belgian corporate law and our articles of association certain of the rights and protections generally
afforded to shareholders of U.S. companies under U.S. federal and state laws and the NYSE rules.
We are a public limited liability company incorporated under the laws of Belgium. Shareholders may not enjoy under Belgian corporate law and
our articles of association certain of the rights and protections generally afforded to shareholders of U.S. companies under U.S. federal and state laws
and the NYSE rules. The rights provided to our shareholders under Belgian corporate law and our articles of association differ in certain respects from
the rights that you would typically enjoy as a shareholder of a U.S. company under applicable U.S. federal and/or state laws. In general, the Belgian
Corporate Governance Code is a code of best practice applying to Belgian-listed companies on a non-binding basis. The Belgian Corporate Governance
Code applies a “comply or explain” approach, i.e., companies may depart from the Belgian Corporate Governance Code’s provisions if, as required by
law, they give a reasoned explanation of the reasons for doing so.
We rely on a provision in the NYSE Listed Company Manual that allows us to follow Belgian corporate law and the Belgian Corporate
Governance Code with regard to certain aspects of corporate governance. This allows us to follow certain corporate governance practices that differ in
significant respects from the corporate governance requirements applicable to U.S. companies listed on the NYSE. See “Item 16G. Corporate
Governance” for additional information on these differences. In particular, the NYSE rules require a majority of the directors of a U.S.-listed company
to be independent while, in Belgium, only three directors need be independent. Our board currently comprises three independent directors and 12
directors not deemed to be “independent” under the NYSE listing standards. See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—A. Directors
and Senior Management—Board of Directors.” The NYSE rules further require that each of the nomination, compensation and audit committees of a
listed U.S. company be comprised entirely of independent directors. However, the Belgian Corporate Governance Code recommends only that a
majority of the directors on each of these committees meet the technical requirements for independence under Belgian corporate law. All voting
members of our Audit Committee are independent for purposes of Rule 10A-3 under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
“Exchange Act”). Our Audit Committee, Nomination Committee and Remuneration Committee have members who would not be considered
independent under NYSE rules, and, therefore, our Audit Committee, Nomination Committee and Remuneration Committee would not be in
compliance with the NYSE Corporate Governance Standards for domestic issuers in respect of the independence of these committees. However, our
Audit Committee, Nomination Committee and Remuneration Committee are composed exclusively of non-executive directors who are independent of
management and whom we consider to be free of any business or other relationship which could materially interfere with the exercise of their
independent judgment. See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—C. Board Practices—Information about Our
Committees—General.”
Under Belgian corporate law, other than certain limited information that we must make public, our shareholders may not ask for an inspection of
our corporate records, while under Delaware corporate law any shareholder, irrespective of the size of his or her shareholdings, may do so. Shareholders
of a Belgian corporation are also unable to initiate a derivative action, a remedy typically available to shareholders of U.S. companies, in order to
enforce a right of AB InBev, in case we fail to enforce such right ourselves, other than in certain cases of director liability under limited circumstances.
In addition, a majority of our shareholders may release a director from any claim of liability we may have, including if he or she has acted in bad faith or
has breached his or her duty of loyalty, provided, in some cases, that the relevant acts were specifically mentioned in the convening notice to the
shareholders’ meeting deliberating on the discharge. In contrast, most U.S. federal and state laws prohibit a company or its shareholders from releasing a
director from liability altogether if he or she has acted in bad faith or has breached his or her duty of loyalty to the company. Finally, Belgian corporate
law does not provide any form of appraisal rights in the case of a business combination.
For additional information on these and other aspects of Belgian corporate law and our articles of association, see “Item 10. Additional
Information—B. Memorandum and Articles of Association and Other Share Information.” As a result of these differences between Belgian corporate
law and our articles of association, on the one hand, and U.S. federal and state laws, on the other hand, in certain instances, you could receive less
protection as a shareholder of our company than you would as a shareholder of a U.S. company.
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As a “foreign private issuer” in the United States, we are exempt from a number of rules under U.S. securities laws and are permitted to file
less information with the SEC.
As a “foreign private issuer,” we are exempt from certain rules under the Exchange Act that impose certain disclosure obligations and procedural
requirements for proxy solicitations under Section 14 of the Exchange Act. In addition, our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt
from the reporting and “short-swing” profit recovery provisions under Section 16 of the Exchange Act. Moreover, we are not required to file periodic
reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act.
Accordingly, there may be less publicly available information concerning us than there is for U.S. public companies.
It may be difficult for investors outside Belgium to serve process on or enforce foreign judgments against us.
We are a Belgian public limited liability company. Certain of the members of our Board of Directors, as at 31 December 2018, the Executive
Board of Management and, as of 1 January 2019, the Executive Committee and certain of the persons named herein are non-residents of the United
States. All or a substantial portion of the assets of such non-resident persons and certain of our assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it
may not be possible for investors to effect service of process upon such persons or on us or to enforce against them or us a judgment obtained in U.S.
courts. Original actions or actions for the enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts relating to the civil liability provisions of the federal or state
securities laws of the United States are not directly enforceable in Belgium. The United States and Belgium do not currently have a multilateral or
bilateral treaty providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments, other than arbitral awards, in civil and commercial matters. In order
for a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by U.S. courts based on civil liability to produce any effect on Belgian soil, it is accordingly
required that this judgment be recognized or be declared enforceable by a Belgian court pursuant to the relevant provisions of the 2004 Belgian Code of
Private International Law. Recognition or enforcement does not imply a review of the merits of the case and is irrespective of any reciprocity
requirement. A U.S. judgment will, however, not be recognized or declared enforceable in Belgium if it infringes upon one or more of the grounds for
refusal which are exhaustively listed in Article 25 of the Belgian Code of Private International Law. In addition to recognition or enforcement, a
judgment by a federal or state court in the United States against us may also serve as evidence in a similar action in a Belgian court if it meets the
conditions required for the authenticity of judgments according to the law of the state where it was rendered.
Our dedication to quality goes back to a brewing tradition of more than 600 years with the Den Hoorn brewery in Leuven, Belgium, as well as the
pioneering spirit of the Anheuser & Co. brewery, with origins in St. Louis, U.S.A. since 1852, and the history of the South African Breweries with its
origins in Johannesburg in 1895. As of 31 December 2018, we employed approximately 175,000 people based in nearly 50 countries worldwide. As a
result, we have a global footprint with a balanced exposure to developed and developing markets and production
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facilities spread across our geographic regions. We currently report our results under the following six regions: North America, Latin America West,
Latin America North, Latin America South, EMEA and Asia Pacific. We also report the results of Global Export and Holding Companies, which
includes our global headquarters and the export businesses, which have not been allocated to the regions. Effective 1 January 2019, we are reorganizing
our regional reporting structure. Going forward, our results will be reported under the following five regions: North America, Middle Americas
(combining the current Latin America West region and the Dominican Republic, Panama, Costa Rica, Guatemala and the Caribbean, which were
previously reported in the Latin America North region), South America (combining the current Latin America South region and Brazil, which was
previously reported in the Latin America North region), EMEA and Asia Pacific. We will continue to separately report the results of Global Export and
Holding Companies.
Our 2018 volumes (beer and non-beer) were 567 million hectoliters and our revenue amounted to USD 54.6 billion.
We are a publicly traded company, with our primary listing on Euronext Brussels under the symbol ABI. We also have secondary listings on the
Johannesburg Stock Exchange under the symbol ANH and the Mexican Stock Exchange under the symbol ANB. ADSs representing rights to receive
our Ordinary Shares are listed and trade on the NYSE under the symbol BUD.
Since 2000, we have completed the following major combinations, acquisitions and sales:
• In 2002, Interbrew acquired Beck’s for 3.5 billion German marks.
• In 2004, Interbrew combined with Ambev, a Brazilian company originally formed by the combination of Brahma and Antarctica in 1999
–2000, resulting in the creation of InBev. Ambev is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and on the São Paulo Stock Exchange. As of
31 December 2018, we had a 61.9% voting and economic interest in Ambev.
• In July 2008, InBev combined with Anheuser-Busch Companies by way of an offer for USD 54.8 billion, as a result of which we changed
our name to Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV.
• In 2013, we announced the completion of our combination with Grupo Modelo in a transaction valued at USD 20.1 billion, following which
we owned approximately 95% of Grupo Modelo’s outstanding shares. We acquired the remaining shares via a mandatory tender offer,
which completed in August 2015.
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• In 2013, in another transaction related to the combination with Grupo Modelo, Grupo Modelo completed the sale of its U.S. business to
Constellation Brands, Inc. for approximately USD 4.75 billion, in aggregate. The transaction included the sale of Grupo Modelo’s Piedras
Negras brewery, Grupo Modelo’s 50% stake in Crown Imports and perpetual rights to certain of Grupo Modelo’s beer brands in the United
States. As a consequence, we granted Constellation Brands, Inc. the exclusive and perpetual right to market and sell Corona and certain
other Grupo Modelo beer brands in the 50 states of the United States, the District of Columbia and Guam. In December 2016, we also
completed the sale of our brewery plant located in Obregón, Sonora, México to Constellation Brands, Inc. for a sale price of approximately
USD 600 million.
• In October 2016, we completed our combination with SAB, valued at a gross purchase consideration of USD 114 billion. See “Item 5.
Operating and Financial Review—A. Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Acquisitions, Divestitures and Other Structural
Changes—Acquisition of SAB” for more information on the combination with SAB.
• On 30 March 2018, we combined Russia and Ukraine businesses with those of Anadolu Efes through the creation of a new company called
AB InBev Efes (“AB InBev Efes”). Following the closing of this transaction, the newly combined business is fully consolidated into
Anadolu Efes. As a result of the transaction, we have stopped consolidating these operations and account for our investment in AB InBev
Efes under the equity method.
In connection with the combination with SAB, we transferred SAB’s business in Panama to Ambev in exchange for Ambev’s businesses in
Colombia, Peru and Ecuador. We undertook certain divestitures, with the goal of proactively addressing potential regulatory considerations regarding
the combination with SAB, including the following:
• On 11 October 2016, we completed the sale of SAB’s entire interest in MillerCoors LLC (a joint venture in the U.S. and Puerto Rico
between Molson Coors Brewing Company and SAB), together with rights to the Miller brand globally, to Molson Coors Brewing Company
for USD 12 billion, subject to a downward purchase price adjustment.
• On 11 October 2016, we completed the sale of SAB’s Peroni, Grolsch and Meantime brand families and their associated businesses in Italy,
the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and internationally (excluding certain rights in the United States) to Asahi Group Holdings, Ltd., in a
transaction valued at EUR 2,550 million on a debt free/cash-free basis.
• On 11 October 2016, we completed the sale of SAB’s 49% interest in CR Snow to China Resources Beer (Holdings) Co. Ltd. for USD
1.6 billion.
• On 31 March 2017, we completed the sale of SAB’s Central and Eastern European businesses in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia,
Hungary and Romania to Asahi for EUR 7.3 billion.
• On 12 April 2017, we completed the sale of our approximately 26.4% interest in Distell Group Limited to Public Investment Corporation
Limited, acting on behalf of the Government Employees Pension Fund.
• On 4 October 2017, we completed the transition of our 54.5% equity stake in Coca-Cola Beverages Africa (Pty) Ltd to The Coca-Cola
Company for USD 3.15 billion, after customary adjustments. The companies continue to work on the terms and conditions for the
agreements with respect to certain markets in Africa.
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Furthermore, during 2016, 2017 and 2018, we performed a series of other investments and disposals. For further details, see “Item 5. Operating
and Financial Review—G. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Investments and Disposals.”
B. BUSINESS OVERVIEW
1. STRENGTHS AND STRATEGY
Strengths
We are building a company to last, brewing beer and building brands that will continue to bring people together for the next 100 years and
beyond. As a global family of local companies, we unite approximately 175,000 exceptional people in nearly 50 countries and more than 500 brands
around a passion for brewing the highest quality beer. We believe that the following key strengths will drive the realization of our strategic goals and
reinforce our competitive position in the marketplace:
Global platform with strong market positions in key markets to grow the category
We are a truly global brewer, positioned to serve the evolving needs of consumers worldwide. Our portfolio of more than 500 brands means we
have beers for every type of occasion and our iconic brands bring people together across generations and communities.
We hold leading positions in the majority of our key markets, based on strong brands and the benefits of scale. We believe this enables us to
invest significant sales and marketing resources in our brands, achieve attractive sourcing terms, generate cost savings through centralization and
operate under a lean cost structure. Our global footprint provides us with a strong platform to grow our global and multi-country brands, while
developing local brands tailored to regional tastes and trends. We benefit from a global distribution network which, depending on the location, is either
owned by us or is based on strong partnerships with wholesalers and local distributors.
In 2018, we were one of the largest consumer products companies worldwide, measured by EBITDA, as defined, and held the number one
position in terms of total market share of beer by volume in the world, according to Plato Logic Limited. We hold the number one position in terms of
total market share of beer by volume, based on our estimates, in the United States, Mexico and Brazil, three of the top five most profitable beer markets
in the world. We estimate that we hold the number three position in total market share of beer by volume, and the number one position by volume in the
fast-growing premium beer category, in China, the world’s largest beer market by volume.
We believe that we can realize sufficient upside potential by using our strong platform to grow our global and multi-country brands while
developing local brands tailored to regional tastes and trends.
Geographic diversification
Our geographically diversified platform balances the growth opportunities of developing markets with the stability and strength of developed
markets. With significant operations in both the Southern and Northern Hemispheres, we benefit from a natural hedge against local or regional market,
economic and seasonal volatility.
Developed markets represented approximately 43.1% of our 2018 revenue and developing markets represented 56.9% of our 2018 revenue. Our
developing markets include Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, China, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, India, Mexico, Mozambique, Nigeria,
Paraguay, Peru, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Vietnam and Zambia.
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Strong brand portfolio with global, multi-country and local brands
Our strong brand portfolio addresses a broad range of demand for different types of beer, comprising three categories:
• Global brands: Capitalizing on common values and experiences which appeal to consumers across borders, our three global brands,
Budweiser, Corona and Stella Artois, have recognition and appeal worldwide in a significant number of markets globally;
• Multi-country brands: Building from a strong consumer base in their home market, our multi-country brands, Beck’s, Castle Lager, Castle
Lite, Hoegaarden and Leffe, bring international flavor to selected markets, connecting with consumers across continents; and
• Local brands: Offering locally popular tastes, local brands such as Aguila, Bud Light, Carlton Draught, Cass, Cristal, Harbin, Poker, Skol
and Victoria connect particularly well with consumers in their home markets.
With more than 500 brands, of which 18 had an estimated retail sales value of over USD 1 billion in 2018, we believe our portfolio is the strongest
in the industry. Eight of our brands—Budweiser, Bud Light, Stella Artois, Corona, Skol, Brahma, Aguila and Modelo—are ranked among the Global
Top Ten most valuable beer brands by BrandZ™.
Our passion for brewing was evidenced by the 377 awards we won around the world this year, making us the most awarded brewer at major
international beer competitions. We continue to focus on creating the highest quality beers to meet consumer needs across a wide variety of occasions.
Our strategy is to focus our attention on our core to premium brands. As a result, we make clear brand choices and seek to invest behind brands
that build deep connections with consumers and meet their needs. We seek to replicate our successful brand initiatives, market programs and best
practices across multiple geographic markets.
We believe that Africa, as a continent, has hugely attractive markets with increasing gross domestic products, a growing middle class and
expanding economic opportunities. Africa is also growing in importance in the context of the global beer industry. It is expected that the African
continent will represent approximately 9.1% of the global beer industry by volumes by 2030, up from approximately 6.8% in 2017, with beer volumes
in Africa expected to grow at over twice the rate of global beer volumes between 2017 and 2030, according to Plato Logic Limited.
Beer offers a significant potential for the economic and human development of many African countries. This is due to beer manufacturing high
economic multiplier effects and its capacity to expand formalization in early stages of development. We believe that, in partnership with local
governments and civil society, it is possible to enlarge this positive economic development potential using innovations such as the ones we have
developed in Uganda and Mozambique that allow the sustainable and competitive use of local raw material.
Prior to the combination with SAB, AB InBev did not have any significant operations in Africa and we believe that the continent will play a vital
role in our future, building upon the strong history and success of SAB in the region dating back to the nineteenth century.
As a sign of our commitment to South Africa, our Ordinary Shares are listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, through a secondary listing.
As a consumer-focused, insights-driven company, we continue to strive to understand the values, lifestyles and preferences of today’s consumers.
We expect that this will allow us to remain relevant, as well as build fresh appeal and competitive advantage through innovative products and services
tailored to meet evolving consumer needs. We believe that consumer demand can be best anticipated by a close relationship between our innovation and
insight teams in which current and expected market trends trigger and drive research processes. Successful examples of recently developed products or
insights deployed include ULTRA Pure Gold (United States), Budweiser Copper
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Lager (United States), Bud Light Orange (United States), Bud Light Radler (Canada), Carlton Zero (Australia), Corona Ligera – Mid-Strength
(Australia), Harbin Crystal Ice (China), Beck’s Ice (India), Nossa (Brazil), Skol Beats Fire (Brazil), Victoria Fuego (Mexico), Taurino (El Salvador),
Andes Origen Blonde, Red, Black and IPA (Argentina), Patagonia Porter (Argentina), Pilsen Ñande (Paraguay), Beck’s Gold (Bolivia), Hertog Jan
Enkel (Netherlands), Pure Blonde by Jupiler (Belgium), Leffe 0.0% (Belgium), Michelob Ultra (UK) and Stella Artois Gluten Free (UK).
We believe that our internal excellence programs are a major competitive advantage. The World Class Commercial Academy is an integrated
marketing and sales execution program designed to continuously improve the quality of our sales and marketing capabilities and processes by ensuring
they are fully understood by all relevant employees and consistently followed.
World-class efficiency has been, and will remain, a long-term focus across all markets, all lines of business and under all economic circumstances.
Avoiding unnecessary costs is a core competency within our culture. We aim to be efficient with our overhead expenses in order to spend more
effectively to grow our company. As a result, we have implemented, and will continue to develop, programs and initiatives aimed at reducing
non-commercial expenses. This strict financial discipline has allowed us to develop a “Cost—Connect—Win” model in which overhead expenses are
minimized in order to maximize our sales and marketing investments designed to connect with our consumers, win market share and achieve long-term,
profitable growth.
We expect the combination with SAB to generate synergies and cost savings as we continue our integration with SAB. In October 2017, we
further updated our synergy and cost-savings expectation from USD 2.8 billion per annum as of 31 December 2016 to USD 3.2 billion per annum on a
constant currency basis. Of our original expectation of USD 2.45 billion per annum, we announced USD 1.4 billion per annum as transaction synergies,
and USD 1.05 billion per annum was previously announced by SAB as cost-savings initiatives. From this USD 3.2 billion total, USD 547 million per
annum was reported by SAB as of 31 March 2016, and USD 2.4 billion was captured between 1 April 2016 and 31 December 2018. The balance of
approximately USD 250 million is expected to be captured by the end of 2019. Synergies are still expected to come from:
• procurement and engineering savings, which are generated from third-party cost efficiencies as a result of economies of scale through
combined sourcing of raw materials and packaging and re-engineering of associated processes across our cost base;
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• brewery and distribution efficiency gains, which are generated from the alignment of brewery, bottling and shipping productivity including:
reduced water, energy usage and extract losses, as well as optimization of other brewery and distribution processes across geographies;
• savings generated from sharing best practices such as ZBB and other cost management best practices, efficiency improvements and
productivity enhancements across our administrative operations; and
• the realignment of overlapping administrative costs, which generates synergies through the optimization of the corporate headquarters and
overlapping regional headquarters.
Experienced management team with a strong track record of delivering synergies through business combinations
During the last two decades, our management, including the management of our predecessor companies, has executed a number of merger and
acquisition transactions of varying sizes, with acquired businesses being successfully and smoothly integrated into our operations, realizing significant
synergies. Notable historical examples include the creation of Ambev in 2000 through the combination of Brahma and Antarctica, the acquisition of
Beck’s by Interbrew in 2002, the combination of Ambev and Quilmes in 2003, Ambev gaining control of Labatt in 2004 and the creation of InBev in
2004 from the combination of Interbrew and Ambev. More recent examples include the combination with Anheuser-Busch Companies in November
2008, the combination with Grupo Modelo in June 2013 and the combination with SAB in 2016.
Our strong track record also extends to successfully integrating brands such as Budweiser, Corona and Stella Artois into our global brand portfolio
and distribution network, including leveraging Ambev’s distribution channels in Latin America and Canada.
We are utilizing these skills and experiences with the goal of completing the integration of former AB InBev and SAB in a timely fashion, with
minimal disruption to the business, and maximizing the capture of cost synergies.
Strategy
Delivering organic growth
We have a long-term focus on top-line growth, and delivering consistent, profitable top-line growth is our number one priority. We are building a
company for the next 100 years. We have a comprehensive strategy focused on three inter-locking strategic frameworks:
1. The market maturity model is a framework that classifies our markets against a maturity level and share of beer. We know that the beer
category evolves as markets mature and we use the market maturity model to group markets into clusters based on maturity level. We have
found that the growth opportunity for beer differs across each level of maturity. The model enables us to develop our portfolios and
commercial capabilities with a future-facing mind-set, so we can predict the evolution of a market and anticipate market dynamics from
more mature markets, set specific priorities based on a market’s cluster and optimize our portfolio of brands to address consumer occasions
across clusters.
2. Category expansion framework guides us in shaping our brand portfolio to take advantage of the new occasions in evolving markets. We
use this framework to identify which types of beer will best fit the adapting needs of an evolving market. This allows us to expand our
offerings to anticipate and deliver the types of beer our consumers desire. Our vision is to structure the evolution of beers to be similar to
other categories (to stretch the price ladder through premiumization, add lower bitterness propositions, introduce sophisticated options and
extend to savorings and refinement). We believe that the insights derived from the category expansion framework will enable our company
to achieve further growth across our diverse geographic footprint at different levels of maturity.
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3. Growth champions: We use growth champions to ensure that we expand our portfolios and related commercial practices efficiently and at
the right time. This process follows one of our most successful business systems, efficiency systems, which provide a benchmark to open
gaps, share best practices and then execute on them in a deliberate manner in order to deliver increasing cost-efficiency. We are now
replicating this system through growth champions, benchmarking best practices for top-line growth around the world and implementing
them in new markets with similar characteristics to leverage our scale.
Since the combination of SAB, we have adopted a new way of looking at the beer category that recognizes different market maturities and the role
of brand portfolios in driving category health. We are excited about the growth opportunities we are seeing in more than 50 countries—in both
developed and developing markets—and this positions us for sustainable and profitable long-term revenue growth. We are focused on delivering growth
opportunities and elevating the category. We aim to grow our revenue organically ahead of the industry benchmark of volume growth plus inflation, on
a country-by-country basis. As a result of now having operations in virtually every major beer market, we have insight into consumer trends and habits,
and global macro trends. Specifically:
• We are bringing together the “best of both”: we are sharing best practices both ways. We have developed a deep appreciation for the
complementary knowledge, initiatives and ideas that our former SAB colleagues bring to the table, including:
• comprehensive insights on expanding the beer category by making it more attractive to consumers on more occasions;
• perspective on how consumption patterns evolve in developing regions and what that means for premiumization efforts; and
• replicable models for unlocking the value of lager brands.
• We have strengthened our position in developing regions, with excellent growth prospects in Asia, Central and South America and Africa,
which will play a key role in our company going forward.
• We are continually diversifying and innovating our products to offer more choice with the same quality.
• We are brand builders and are committed to building great brands that stand the test of time. Our brands must remain relevant to existing
consumers, be capable of winning new consumers, and secure their long-term brand loyalty. We will continue to invest and drive strong
consumer preference for our brands and continued premiumization of our brand portfolio.
• Opportunities exist to develop brands and offerings to gain share of alcohol in non-traditional beer occasions. We will further strengthen
brand innovation in order to stay ahead of market trends and maintain consumer appeal.
• We continue to build connections with our consumers at the point-of-sale, in partnership with distributors, off-trade retailers and on-trade
points-of-sale, by further improving the quality of the consumer’s shopping experience and consumption occasions.
• We are leveraging social and digital media platforms to reach out to existing and potential consumers and build connections with our
brands.
Today, we have an enhanced understanding of the key moments of consumption, and to focus our sales, marketing, product development and
other brand-building activities on capturing a greater share of these consumption opportunities. We believe that by understanding, embracing and
enriching consumption moments and occasions, we have the opportunity to accelerate growth and deliver increased shareholder value.
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Our strategy is based on our Dream of Bringing People Together for a Better World
We strive to achieve this every day. By combining scale, resources and energy with the needs of the communities we serve, we believe we have
the drive and tools to help make it happen.
We are committed to driving long-term growth and creating value for our business partners and stakeholders. Through our products, brands and
investment in communities, we are excited to work toward the Dream of Bringing People Together for a Better World.
With operations in virtually every major beer market and an expanded portfolio that includes global, multi-country and local brands, we are
providing more choices for consumers around the world to better meet their needs and expectations. We expect that our expanded reach will help grow
our global and multi-country brands, while we continue to develop local brands tailored to regional tastes and trends.
Through our reach, resources and energy, we are addressing the needs of our communities by:
• Improving environmental and social sustainability: We depend on natural resources to brew our beers and strive to use resources
responsibly and preserve them for the future. That is why we factor sustainability into how we do business, including how we source water,
energy and raw materials. We develop innovative programs across our supply chain to improve our sustainability performance with our
business partners. To improve lives in the communities we are part of, we also support the farmers and small retailers in our value chain to
help them be more productive. To facilitate progress, we combined our sustainability and procurement activities under a single function led
by a member of our senior leadership team.
• Promoting smart drinking: We want every experience with beer to be a positive one. We believe that the harmful use of alcohol is bad for
consumers, society and our business. We’re a global company, brewing beers and building brands that will continue to bring people together
for a better world for the next 100 years and beyond. This requires thriving communities across the globe where harmful use of alcohol no
longer presents a social challenge. We established our Global Smart Drinking Goals in December 2015 to contribute to the World Health
Organization’s target of reducing the harmful use of alcohol by at least 10% in every country by 2025 and the United Nations Sustainable
Development Goal of strengthening the prevention of harmful use of alcohol globally. Our Global Smart Drinking Goals are intended to
serve as a laboratory to identify and test replicable programs, implement them in partnership with others and ensure they are independently
and transparently evaluated.
• Increasing workplace safety: We are committed to doing everything possible to create a safe work environment. We encourage employees
and contractors to follow safe practices and make healthy choices in our workplaces and local communities.
• Business ethics: Our leaders set the tone for our company. We expect them to deliver results and to inspire our colleagues through passion
for brewing and a sense of ownership. Most importantly, we never take shortcuts. Integrity, hard work, quality and responsibility are
essential to our growth.
For further information about our Dream of Bringing People Together for a Better World, see “—13. Social and Community Matters.”
With our strong brand portfolio, we are “bringing people together” in ways that few others can. By building common ground, strengthening
human connections and helping our consumers share unique experiences, we are able to achieve something together that cannot be accomplished alone.
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Cost management and efficiency
We strive to continuously improve efficiency by unlocking the potential for variable and fixed-cost savings by seeking to:
• maintain long-term cost increases below inflation, benefiting from the application of cost-efficiency programs such as ZBB and VPO,
internal and external benchmarking, as well as from our size;
• leverage our global procurement office to generate further cost savings, and build on our supplier relationships to bring new ideas and
innovation to our business; and
• continue to share best practices across all functions, as well as benchmark performance externally against other leading companies. Cost
management and efficiency will be part of an ongoing process and fueled by an ownership mindset.
Our production and distribution facilities and other assets are predominantly located in the same geographical areas as our consumers. We set up
local production when we believe that there is substantial potential for local sales that cannot be addressed in a cost-efficient manner through exports or
third-party distribution into the relevant country. Local production also helps us to reduce, although it does not eliminate, our exposure to currency
movements.
The table below sets out the main brands we sell in the markets listed below as of 31 December 2018. We expect that significant growth
opportunities will arise from marketing our brand portfolio through a largely complementary distribution network.
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Country by Region(1) Brands
El Salvador Beer: Golden, Pilsener, Corona, Taurino, Modelo, Stella Artois, Budweiser, Bud Light
Honduras Beer: Barena, Corona, Imperial, Port Royal, SalvaVida, Michelob Ultra, Bud Light
Mexico Beer: Barrilito, Bocanegra, Bud Light, Budweiser, Corona, Corona Cero (non-alcoholic), Corona Light, Cucapá,
Day of the Dead, Estrella, Goose Island, Hoegaarden, Leon, Mexicali, Michelob Ultra, Modelo Ambar, Modelo
Especial, Modelo Trigo, Montejo, Negra Modelo, Pacifico, Stella Artois, Tijuana, Tropical Light, Victoria
Peru Beer: Arequipeña, Brahma, Budweiser, Corona, Cristal, Cusqueña family, Michelob Ultra, Pilsen Callao, Pilsen
Trujillo, San Juan. Stella Artois
Non-Beer: Agua Tonica Backus, Guaraná Backus family, Maltin Power, San Mateo water, Viva Backus
Latin America North
Brazil Beer: Antarctica, Bohemia, Brahma, Budweiser, Colorado, Corona, Hoegaarden, Leffe, Original, Nossa,
Serramalte, Skol, Skol Beats, Stella Artois
Non-Beer: Guaraná Antarctica, Do Bem, Fusion, Gatorade, Lipton, Pepsi
Dominican Republic Beer: Bohemia, Brahma, Budweiser, Corona, Franziskaner, Goose Island, Hoegaarden, Leffe, Modelo (Especial
and Negra), Presidente, Stella Artois, Shock Top, Spaten, The One
Non-Beer: 7UP, Guaraná Antarctica, Enriquillo, Coco Rico, Malta Bohemia, Malta Löwenbräu, Malta Morena,
Montpellier water, Pepsi, Red Bull, Red Rock, 911, VitaMalt
Guatemala Beer: Bass, Beck’s Blue, Brahva, Bud Light, Budweiser, Busch Light, Corona, Goose Island, Hoegaarden, Leffe,
Modelo (Especial and Negra), Shock Top, Stella Artois
Panama Beer: Atlas, Atlas Golden Light, Balboa family, Budweiser, Corona, Presidente
Non-Beer: 7UP, Agua Brisa, Malta Vigor, Mirinda, Pepsi family, Pony Malta, H20, Schweppes, Canada Dry
Latin America South
Argentina(1) Beer: Andes, Budweiser, Beck’s, Brahma, Corona, Franziskaner, Hoegaarden, Leffe, Löwenbräu, Negra Modelo,
Patagonia, Quilmes, Stella Artois, Skol, Zillertal
Non-Beer: 7UP, Gatorade, H2OH!, Mirinda, Paso de los Toros, Pepsi, Red Bull, Tropicana, Antárctica Guaraná,
Awafrut, Glaciar, Nestle Pureza Vital, Eco de los Andes
Bolivia Beer: Báltica, Brahma, Corona, Ducal, Huari, Imperial, Maltín, Paceña, Stella Artois, Taquiña,
Non-Beer: 7UP, Pepsi, Mirinda, Antárctica Guaraná, Gatorade, H2OH!
Chile Beer: Baltica, Beck’s, Becker, Budweiser, Busch, Corona, Cusqueña, Goose Island, Leffe, Hoegaarden, Stella
Artois, Negra Modelo, Quilmes, Malta del Sur, Modelo Especial, Paceña
Paraguay Beer: Baviera, Brahma, Budweiser, Corona, Franziskaner, Hoegaarden, Leffe, Löwenbräu, Norte, Ouro Fino,
Patagonia, Pilsen, Stella Artois,
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Country by Region(1) Brands
Uruguay Beer: Beck’s, Brahma, Budweiser, Corona, Franziskaner, Hoegaarden, Leffe, Löwenbräu, Negra Modelo, Norteña,
Patagonia, Patricia, Pilsen, Quilmes, Stella Artois, Zillertal,
Non-Beer: 7UP, Gatorade, H2OH!, Mirinda, Paso de los Toros, Pepsi, Teem
EMEA
Belgium Beer: Beck’s, Belle-Vue, Budweiser, Corona, Cubanisto, Ginette family, Hoegaarden, Jupiler, Kwak, Leffe, Stella
Artois, Tripel Karmeliet, Vieux Temps
France Beer: Beck’s, Bud, Camden, Corona, Cubanisto, Ginette, Goose Island, Hoegaarden, Jupiler, Kwak, Leffe, Loburg,
Stella Artois, Triple Karmeliet
Germany Beer: Beck’s, Corona, Diebels, Franziskaner, Haake-Beck, Hasseröder, Löwenbräu, Spaten
Italy Beer: Beck’s, Birra Del Borgo family, Bud, Corona, Franziskaner, Hoegaarden, Leffe, Löwenbräu, Spaten, Stella
Artois
Luxembourg Beer: Beck’s, Diekirch, Hoegaarden, Jupiler, Leffe, Mousel, Stella Artois
Netherlands Beer: Beck’s, Corona, Dommelsch, Hertog Jan, Hoegaarden, Jupiler, Leffe, Stella Artois
Spain Beer: Beck’s, Budweiser, Cervezas La Virgen, Corona Cerveza, Dorada family, Franziskaner, Kelson, Leffe,
Saturday, Stella Artois, Tropical family
United Kingdom Beer: Bass, Beck’s, Beck’s Blue, Belle Vue, Blue Point Toasted lager, Boddingtons, Brahma, Budweiser,
Budweiser Prohibition, Bud Light, Camden Town, Corona, Cubanisto, Flowers, Franziskaner, Goose Island,
Hoegaarden, Leffe, Löwenbräu, Mackeson, Michelob Ultra, Modelo Especial, Old Blue Last, Pacifico, Spaten,
Stella Artois, Whitbread, Cidre, Magners
AFRICA
Botswana Beer: Carling Black Label, Carling Blue Label, Castle Lager, Castle Lite, Castle Free, Castle Milk Stout, Core
Original, Flying Fish, Hansa Pilsener, Lion Lager, Redd’s, Stella Artois, St. Louis family
Non-Beer: Bonaqua, Chibuku, Keone Mooka Mague
Ghana Beer: Castle Milk Stout, Chairman, Club Premium Lager, Club Shandy, Eagle, Stella Artois
Non-Beer: Beta Malt
Lesotho Beer: Budweiser, Carling Black Label, Castle Lager, Castle Lite, Castle Milk Stout, Corona, Flying Fish, Hansa
Pilsener, Maluti Premium Lager, Redd’s, Stella Artois
Malawi Beer: Carling Black Label, Castle Lager, Castle Lite, Mageu
Non-Beer: Chibuku, Chibuku Super, Chibuku Super Chocolate, Maheu
Mozambique Beer: 2M, Budweiser, Carling Black Label, Castle Lite, Dourada, Flying Fish, Hansa Pilsener, Impala, Laurentina
family, Manica, Redd’s, Stella Artois
Non-Beer: Chibuku, Chibuku Super
Namibia Beer: Budweiser, Carling Black Label, Castle Lager, Castle Lite, Corona, Eagle Lager, Flying Fish, Redd’s, Stella
Artois
Nigeria Beer: Budweiser, Castle Lite, Eagle, Hero, Redd’s, Stella Artois, Trophy
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Country by Region(1) Brands
Non-Beer: Rootz, Beta Malt, Grand Malt
South Africa Beer: Beck’s, Beck’s Blue, Budweiser, Brutal Fruit, Carling Black Label, Carvers Weiss, Castle 1895, Castle
Lager, Castle Free, Castle Lite, Castle Lite Lime, Castle Milk Stout, Castle Milk Stout Chocolate, Corona, Flying
Fish family, Hansa Pilsener, Hoegaarden, Lion Lager, No 3 Fransen Street, Leffe, Liberado, Newlands Spring,
Redd’s family, Stella Artois
Swaziland Beer: Budweiser, Carling Black Label, Castle Lager, Castle Lite, Castle Milk Stout, Corona, Eagle Lager, Flying
Fish, Hansa Pilsener, Lion Lager, Redd’s, Sibebe, Stella Artois
Non-Beer: Bonaqua water, Imvelo, Megeu
Tanzania Beer: Balimi, Budweiser, Castle Lager, Castle Lite, Castle Milk Stout, Eagle, Kilimanjaro, Redd’s, Safari
Non-Beer: Bia Bingwa, Chibuku, Chibuku Super, Grand Malt, Konyagi, Nzagamba, Ndovu Special Malt
Uganda Beer: Budweiser, Chairman’s ESB, Castle Lite, Castle Milk Stout, Club Pilsener, Eagle family, Nile family, Redd’s
Non-Beer: Chibuku Extra, Shibuku Super
Zambia Beer: Budweiser, Carling Black Label, Carling Blue Label, Castle Lager, Castle Lite Eagle, Flying Fish, Mosi,
Redd’s, Stella Artois
Non-Beer: Chibiku, Chibuku Super, Mageu
Asia Pacific
Australia Beer: 4 Pines, Abbotsford Invalid Stout, Aguila, Beck’s, Beez Neez, Budweiser, Carlton family, Carlton Dry
family, Cascade family, Corona, Corona Ligera, Crown Lager, Dogbolter, Yak family, Foster’s family, Frothy,
Great Northern Brewing Co. family, Goose Island, Helga, Hoegaarden, Leffe, Matilda Bay family, Melbourne
Bitter, Minimum Chips, NT Draught, Pacific Radler, Pirate Life, Powers Gold, Pure Blonde family, Redback,
Reschs, Sheaf Stout, Stella Artois, Victoria Bitter
Non-Beer: Black Douglas spirits, Bulmers family, Cougar spirits, Dirty Granny, Kopparberg family, Mercury
family, Strongbow family
China Beer: Beck’s, Boxing Cat, Budweiser, Corona, Franziskanner, Ginsber, Goose Island, Harbin family, Hoegaarden,
Sedrin, Stella Artois
India Beer: Budweiser, Foster’s, Haywards 2000, Haywards 5000, Knock Out, Royal Challenge
South Korea Beer: Budweiser, Cass, Corona, Hoegaarden, OB Premier, Stella Artois, Victoria Bitter, Cafri, Suntory
Vietnam Beer: Budweiser, Beck’s family, Hoegaarden, Leffe, Corona, Stella Artois, Zorok
Notes:
(1) Effective 1 January 2019, we are reorganizing our regional reporting structure. We will report results in our new regional structure for the first
time for the three months ending March 31, 2019. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—C. Business Segments”).
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The table below sets out our sales broken down by business segment for the periods shown:
Notes:
(1) Revenue is turnover less excise taxes and discounts. In many jurisdictions, excise taxes make up a large proportion of the cost of beer charged to
our customers (see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—A. Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Excise Taxes”).
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
For a discussion of changes in revenue, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—E. Results of Operations—Year Ended 31 December 2018
Compared to the Year Ended 31 December 2017—Revenue” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—E. Results of Operations—Year Ended
31 December 2017 Compared to the Year Ended 31 December 2016—Revenue.”
The table below sets out the breakdown between our beer and non-beer volumes and revenue. Based on our actual historical financial information
for these periods, our non-beer activities accounted for 10.9% of consolidated volumes in 2018, 16.4% of consolidated volumes in 2017 and 12.4% of
consolidated volumes in 2016. In terms of revenue, our non-beer activities generated 8.2% of consolidated revenue in 2018 compared to 10.9% in 2017
and 9.0% in 2016, based on our actual historical financial information for these periods.
Notes:
(1) Beer volumes and revenue include not only brands that we own or license, but also third-party brands that we brew or otherwise produce as a
subcontractor and third-party products that we sell through our distribution network, particularly in Western Europe.
(2) Revenue is turnover less excise taxes and discounts. In many jurisdictions, excise taxes make up a large proportion of the cost of beer charged to
our customers (see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—A. Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Excise Taxes”).
(3) The beer category includes near beer beverages, such as the Rita family of beverages and Bon & Viv Spiked Seltzer.
(4) The non-beer category includes soft drinks and certain other beverages.
Beer
Our brands are the foundation and the cornerstone of our relationships with consumers. We invest in our brands to create long-term and
sustainable competitive advantages by meeting the various needs and expectations of consumers and by developing leading brand positions around the
globe.
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On the basis of quality and price, beer can be differentiated into the following categories:
• Premium or high-end brands;
• Core brands; and
• Value, discount or sub-premium brands.
Our brands are positioned across all of these categories. For example, a brand like Stella Artois generally targets the premium category across the
globe, while a brand like Skol targets the core segment in Brazil and Natural Light targets the sub-premium category in the United States. We have a
particular focus on core-to-premium categories but are also present in the value category where the market structure in a particular country necessitates
its presence.
International Distribution
• Beck’s, the world’s number one German beer, is renowned for uncompromising quality. It is brewed today, just as it was in 1873, with a
rigorous brewing process and a recipe using only four natural ingredients. Beck’s adheres to the strictest quality standards of the German
Reinheitsgebot (Purity Law). Beck’s is brewed in various countries, including the United States.
• Budweiser is one of the top-selling beers in the United States. Globally, Budweiser volumes have grown every year since 2010, including
growth of 4.0% in 2018. Budweiser sales outside the United States represented over 71.8% of global Budweiser volume in 2018, driven by
strong growth in Asia, Brazil, Africa and India. Budweiser was a sponsor of the 2018 FIFA World Cup™ and achieved the number 1
position in share of conversation, reaching 1.2 billion video views throughout the tournament period. Budweiser will continue this
sponsorship for the 2022 FIFA World Cup™.
• Castle Lager is popularly described as South Africa’s national beer, first brewed in Johannesburg in 1895, using local hops, creating a
somewhat dry taste with bitterness and undertones of malt. Castle Lager is the official sponsor of several South African sporting
associations, including the national football and cricket teams.
• Castle Lite was first brewed in South Africa in 1994 with a mission to provide the coldest and most refreshing beer on the South African
market. Today, it is an Africa-wide premium brand enjoyed in 13 countries and continues to innovate to keep its beer “extra cold.”
• Corona is the best-selling Mexican beer in the world and the leading beer brand in Mexico. Corona is available in more than 120 countries.
In 2018, it was ranked number five in the BrandZ™ list of most valuable beer brands worldwide. We granted Constellation Brands, Inc. the
exclusive right to market and sell Corona and certain other Grupo Modelo beer brands in the 50 states of the United States, the District of
Columbia and Guam, including Victoria, Modelo Especial, Pacifico and Negra Modelo.
• Hoegaarden is a high-end Belgian wheat (or “white”) beer. Based on its brewing tradition dating back to 1445, Hoegaarden is top fermented
and then refermented in the bottle or keg, leading to its distinctive cloudy white appearance.
• Leffe, a rich, full-bodied beer that hails from Belgium, has the longest heritage in our beer portfolio and is available in over 70 countries
worldwide.
• Redd’s was originally launched in South Africa as a bold, crisp apple ale in 1996. It led South African Breweries’ efforts to compete in the
cider category in South Africa. It is a golden liquid, with a fruity aroma of fresh red apples and citrus fruit, followed through with a crisp
sweet taste on the palate. Redd’s is also available in Redd’s Dry, Redd’s Carnival Rosé and Redd’s Vodka Lemon.
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• Stella Artois is the number one Belgian beer in the world according to Plato Logic Limited, it is the world’s fourth most valuable beer brand
according to Kantar’s BrandZ™ study and it is distributed in over 90 countries worldwide. As a premium lager with roots tracing back to
1366 in the town of Leuven, Belgium, its legacy of quality and elegance is reflected in its iconic chalice and nine-step pouring ritual. The
top three markets in terms of revenue for Stella Artois as of 2018 are the United States, the United Kingdom and Brazil with expansion
plans well under way in several new growth markets including South Africa and Mexico.
North America
• Bud Light is the best-selling beer in the United States and the leader in the premium light category. It is the official sponsor of the NFL
(National Football League), with a sponsorship agreement most recently extended to 2022. In the United States, its share of the premium
light category in 2018 was approximately 54%, more than the combined share of the next two largest brands (based on IRI estimates).
• Michelob Ultra was rolled out nationally in the United States in 2002 and is estimated to be the number five brand by volume in the United
States in 2018 according to IRI. Michelob Ultra was the fastest-growing beer brand in the United States between 2015 and 2018, according
to IRI (based on volume share gains).
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Latin America South
• Quilmes is one of the leading beers in Argentina, according to AC Nielsen, and a national icon with its striped light blue and white label
linked to the colors of the Argentine national flag and football team.
EMEA
• Jupiler is the market leader in Belgium and the official sponsor of the most important Belgian professional football league, the Jupiler Pro
League. It is also the sponsor of the Belgian national football team.
Africa
• Carling Black Label is the biggest brand in South Africa and the most awarded beer in the South Africa portfolio. It is brewed to provide
consumers with distinctly aromatic, truly rewarding, full-flavored refreshment.
• Flying Fish Premium Flavored Beer combines the pure refreshment of beer with added flavors: pressed lemon and green apple. With an
easy drinking taste, Flying Fish offers something different for consumers looking to share new experiences, new flavors and new tastes at
any occasion.
• Hero is a Nigerian beer brewed using local sorghum and malted barley.
• Hansa Pilsener is brewed in true pilsener style, using Saaz hops, which are responsible for the brand’s unique hoppy aroma.
• Kilimanjaro Premium Lager is named after Tanzania’s iconic Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. Launched in 1996, it
boasts an easy drinking taste made from ingredients grown on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro and nourished by the pure waters that flow
from its ice-capped peak. It is light in color with 4.5% ABV and a crisp refreshing taste.
• Safari, first brewed in Tanzania in 1977, is a full-flavored, full-bodied beer with a rich golden color and taste that gave rise to a new era of
beer brewing in Tanzania. From the very beginning, the brand established its roots as the masculine Tanzanian lager and today it is still the
mainstream category leader inspiring young Tanzanian men to follow their paths.
Asia Pacific
• Cass is the market leader in South Korea.
• Harbin is a national brand with its roots in the northeast of China.
• Carlton Draught is a traditional, full-strength lager and Australia’s highest-selling tap beer.
• Victoria Bitter was first brewed in the 1850s by the founder of Victoria Brewery. Today, it is brewed with a unique combination of
ingredients, including Australian pale malt, the brewery’s own special yeast and “Pride of Ringwood” hops grown in Victoria and
Tasmania.
In certain markets, we also distribute products of other brewers under licenses, such as Kirin in the United States. Within Europe, Compañía
Cervecera de Canarias (in the Canary Islands) has an agreement in force to distribute Guinness in the Canary Islands.
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Following the 50:50 merger of our businesses in Russia and Ukraine with Anadolu Efes, we granted the right to brew and/or distribute several of
our brands including Bud, Stella Artois and Corona to SUN InBev in Russia and SUN InBev Ukraine, both combined under AB InBev Efes.
We have continued to expand our global portfolio of non-alcoholic beverages, which currently houses over 19 brands. As of 2018, six of our
markets—China, Colombia, Australia, Panama, Honduras and Ecuador—already have no- and low-alcohol beer representing more than 20% of their
beer volumes. Additionally, Brahma 0.0% is the number one non-alcoholic beer in Brazil, reaching over 82% market share in the non-alcoholic beer
category in 2018, according to AC Nielsen. See “—Beer” for more information.
Near Beer
Some of our other malt beverages have stretched beyond typical beer occasions, such as the Rita family and Bon & Viv Spiked Seltzer in the
United States, Palm Bay and Mike’s Hard Lemonade in Canada and Lexington Hill in Australia. These brands are designed to grow the near beer
category and improve our market share of alcoholic beverage categories other than beer by addressing changing consumer trends and preferences.
Non-Beer
Non-Alcohol Beverages
While our core business is beer, we also have an important presence in the Non-Alcohol Beverages (“NAB”) market. We have NAB operations in
Latin America and Africa, and our subsidiary Ambev has NAB operations in South America and the Caribbean. The NAB market includes both
carbonated and non-carbonated soft drinks.
Our NAB business includes both our own brands and agreements with PepsiCo related to bottling and distribution of PepsiCo brands. Ambev has
a long-term agreement with PepsiCo whereby it has been granted the exclusive right to bottle, sell and distribute certain PepsiCo brands in Brazil,
including Pepsi-Cola, Gatorade, H2OH!, and Lipton Ice Tea. Through our Latin America South operations, Ambev is also PepsiCo’s bottler for
Argentina, Uruguay and Bolivia, as well as in the Dominican Republic and Panama. In Panama, we also produce and bottle other third-party soft drink
brands, such as Canada Dry Ginger Ale, Squirt and Crush.
Apart from the bottling and distribution agreements with PepsiCo, Ambev also produces, sells and distributes its own soft drinks. Its main
carbonated soft drinks brand is Guaraná Antarctica.
In 2018, we completed the sale of our carbonated soft drink businesses in Zambia and Botswana to The Coca-Cola Company. In related
transactions, we entered into agreements to sell to The Coca-Cola Company (i) all of our carbonated soft drink business in eSwatini (Swaziland) and
(ii) certain non-alcoholic beverage brands in El Salvador and Honduras. The closing of these transactions is subject to customary closing conditions,
including regulatory approvals. In El Salvador and Honduras, we have executed long-term bottling agreements which will become effective upon the
closing of the El Salvador and Honduras brand divestitures.
Together with The Coca-Cola Company, we continue to work towards finalizing the terms and conditions of the agreement for The Coca-Cola
Company to acquire our interest in, or the bottling operations of, our businesses in Zimbabwe and Lesotho. These transactions are subject to the relevant
regulatory and shareholder approvals in the different jurisdictions.
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We also have interests in certain water-bottling and distribution businesses in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras,
Mexico, Panama, Peru and throughout Africa, as well as agreements with Red Bull to distribute their portfolio in a few limited markets.
In the United States, we sell Teavana in partnership with Starbucks and an energy drink called Hiball.
In December 2018, Labatt, the Canadian subsidiary of our subsidiary Ambev, announced a partnership with Tilray, a global player in cannabis
production and distribution, to research non-alcohol beverages containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) in Canada.
We have further interests in wines and spirits operations and distribution businesses in Australia, the Dominican Republic, Nigeria and Tanzania.
ZX Ventures
ZX Ventures is our global growth and innovation group whose mandate is to invest in and develop new products and businesses that address
emerging consumer needs. We seed, launch and even scale new products that deliver customer experiences, from services that step-change convenience
to rethinking delivery and more.
ZX Ventures operates multiple global business units of varying adjacency to our core beer business including eCommerce, craft and specialties,
brand experience and our incubator and investment arm, Explore.
3. MAIN MARKETS
We are a global brewer, with sales in over 150 countries across the globe.
The last two decades have been characterized by rapid growth in fast-growing developing markets, notably in certain regions of Africa, Asia and
Central and South America, where we have significant sales.
Each market in which we operate has its own dynamics and consumer preferences and trends. Given the breadth of our brand portfolio, we believe
we are well-placed to address changing consumer needs in the various categories (premium, core and value) within any given market.
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• Asia Pacific: Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Vietnam and other South and Southeast Asian countries; and
• Global Export and Holdings Companies.
As announced on 26 July 2018, effective 1 January 2019, we are reorganizing our regional reporting structure. Going forward, our results will be
reported under the following five regions: North America, Middle Americas (combining the current Latin America West region and the Dominican
Republic, Panama, Costa Rica, Guatemala and the Caribbean, which were previously reported in the Latin America North region), South America
(combining the current Latin America South region and Brazil, which was previously reported in the Latin America North region), EMEA and Asia
Pacific. We will continue to separately report the results of Global Export and Holding Companies. We will report results in our new regional structure
for the first time for the three months ending March 31, 2019.
The table below sets out our total volumes broken down by business segment for the periods shown:
Notes:
(1) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
On an individual country basis, our largest markets by volume listed, during the year ended 31 December 2018, in alphabetical order, were
Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico, Peru, South Africa, South Korea, the United Kingdom and the
United States, with each market having its own dynamics and consumer preferences and trends. Given the breadth of our brand portfolio, we believe we
are well-placed to address changing consumer needs in the various categories (premium, core and value) within any given market.
4. COMPETITION
We believe our largest competitors are Heineken, CR SNOW, Carlsberg and Molson Coors Brewing Company based on information from the
Plato Logic Limited report for the calendar year 2017 (published in December 2018).
Historically, brewing was a local industry with only a few players having a substantial international presence. Larger brewing companies often
obtained an international footprint through direct exports, licensing agreements and joint venture arrangements. However, the last several decades have
seen a transformation of the industry, with a prolonged period of consolidation. This trend started within the more established beer markets of Western
Europe and North America and took the form of larger businesses being formed through merger and acquisition activity within national markets. More
recently, consolidation has also taken place within developing markets. Over the last decade, the global consolidation process has accelerated, with
brewing groups making significant acquisitions outside of their domestic markets and increasingly looking to purchase other regional brewing
organizations. As a result of this consolidation process, the absolute and relative size of the world’s largest brewers has substantially increased.
Therefore, today’s leading international brewers have significantly more diversified operations and have established leading positions in a number of
international markets.
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We have participated in this consolidation trend and grown our international footprint through a series of mergers and acquisitions, described in
“—A. History and Development of the Company,” which include:
• the acquisition of Beck’s in 2002;
• the creation of InBev in 2004, through the combination of Interbrew and Ambev;
• the acquisition of Anheuser-Busch Companies in November 2008;
• the combination with Grupo Modelo in June 2013; and
• the combination with SAB in October 2016.
The 10 largest brewers in the world in 2017 in terms of volume are as set out in the table below.
Volume
(million
Rank Name hectoliters)(1)
1 AB InBev 500.8
2 Heineken 234.5
3 CR Snow 118.2
4 Carlsberg 117.4
5 Molson Coors Brewing Company 95.7
6 Tsingtao (Group) 79.7
7 Asahi 71.3
8 Beijing Yanjing 41.6
9 EFES 33.1
10 Castel/BGI 30.9
Note:
(1) Source: Plato Logic Limited report for the calendar year 2017 (published in December 2018). Volumes are based on calculations on total volumes
of majority-owned subsidiaries, also licensed brewing. Our own beer volumes for the year ended 31 December 2018 were 501 million hectoliters
and 508 million hectoliters for the year ended 31 December 2017.
In each of our regional markets, we compete against a mixture of national, regional, local and imported beer brands. In North America, Brazil and
other selected countries in Latin America, Europe and Asia Pacific, we compete primarily with large leading international or regional brewers and
international or regional brands.
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The first step in the brewing process is making wort by mixing malt with warm water and then gradually heating it to around 75°C in large mash
tuns to dissolve the starch and transform it into a mixture, called “mash,” of maltose and other sugars. The spent grains are filtered out and the liquid,
now called “wort,” is boiled. Hops are added at this point to give a special bitter taste and aroma to the beer. The wort is boiled for one to two hours to
sterilize and concentrate it, and extract the desired flavor and bitterness from the hops. Cooling follows, using a heat exchanger. The hopped wort is
saturated with air, or oxygen, essential for the growth of the yeast in the next stage.
Yeast is a micro-organism that turns the sugar in the wort into alcohol and carbon dioxide. This process of fermentation takes five to 11 days, after
which the wort finally becomes beer. Different types of beer are made using different strains of yeast and wort compositions. In some yeast varieties, the
yeast cells rise to the top of the liquid at the end of fermentation. Ales and wheat beers are brewed with these “top-fermenting” yeast strains. Lagers are
made using yeast strains that settle to the bottom of the liquid. Some special Belgian beers, called lambic or gueuze, use yet another method, where
fermentation relies on spontaneous action by airborne yeasts.
During the maturation process, the liquid clarifies as yeast and other particles settle. Further filtering gives the beer more clarity. Maturation varies
by type of beer and can take as long as three weeks, and then the beer is ready for packaging in kegs, cans or bottles.
We use only our own proprietary yeast, which we grow in our facilities. In some regions, we import hops to obtain adequate quality and
appropriate variety for flavor and aroma. We purchase these ingredients through the open market and through contracts with suppliers. We also purchase
barley and process it to meet our malt requirements at our malting plants.
Prices and sources of raw materials are determined by, among other factors:
• the level of crop production;
• weather conditions;
• export demand; and
• governmental taxes and regulations.
We hedge some of our commodities contracts on the financial markets and some of our malt requirements are purchased on the spot market. See
“Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Market Risk, Hedging and Financial Instruments” and note 29 to our audited
consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018, for further details on
commodities hedging.
We have supply contracts with respect to most packaging materials as well as our own production capacity as outlined below in “—Production
Facilities.” The choice of packaging materials varies by cost and availability in different regions, as well as consumer preferences and the image of each
brand. We also use aluminum cansheet for the production of beverage cans and lids.
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Hops, PET resin and, to some extent, cans are mainly sourced globally. Malt, adjuncts (such as unmalted grains or fruit), sugar, steel, cans, labels,
metal closures, soda ash for our glass plants, plastic closures, preforms and folding cartons are sourced regionally. Electricity is sourced nationally,
while water is sourced locally, for example, from municipal water systems and private wells.
We use natural gas as the primary fuel for our plants, and diesel as the primary fuel for freight. We believe adequate supplies of fuel and
electricity are available for the conduct of our business. The energy commodity markets have experienced, and can be expected to continue to
experience, significant price volatility. We manage our energy costs using various methods including supply contracts, hedging techniques and fuel-
switching.
Production Facilities
Our production facilities are spread across our regions, giving us a balanced geographical footprint in terms of production and allowing us to
efficiently meet consumer demand across the globe. We manage our production capacity across our regions, countries and plants. We typically own our
production facilities free of any major encumbrances. We also lease a number of warehouses and other commercial buildings from third parties. See
“—11. Regulations Affecting Our Business” for a description of the environmental and other regulations that affect our production facilities.
The table below sets out, for each of our business segments (excluding Global Export and Holdings Companies) in 2018, the number of our
beverage production plants (breweries and/or non-beer drink plants) as well as the plants’ overall capacity.
Annual engineering
capacity as of
2018 volumes(1)(4) 31 December 2018(4)
Number of
plants as of
31 December Non-Beer Non-Beer
Business Segment 2018(4) Beer (khl)(2) (khl)(3) Beer (khl)(2) (khl)(3)
North America 33 110,726 — 129,189 —
Latin America West 30 95,313 20,163 124,061 15,478
Latin America North 37 88,425 26,544 132,623 71,076
Latin America South 21 24,095 9,880 32,061 20,202
EMEA 49 82,859 4,317 118,342 482
Asia Pacific 59 104,266 — 171,607 42
Total(5) 229 505,684 60,904 707,883 107,280
Notes:
(1) Reported volumes.
(2) For purposes of this table, the beer category includes near beer beverages, such as the Rita family of beverages and Bon & Viv Spiked Seltzer.
(3) The non-beer category includes soft drinks and certain other beverages, such as Stella Artois Cidre.
(4) Excludes our joint ventures and assets where we are not the majority owner.
(5) Excludes Global Export and Holding Companies with 2018 beer volumes of 0.5 million hectoliters.
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Non-Beverage Production Facilities
Our beverage production plants are supplemented and supported by a number of plants and other facilities that produce raw materials and
packaging materials for our beverages. The table below provides additional detail on these facilities as of 31 December 2018.
Number of
Type of plant / facility plants / facilities(1) Countries in which plants / facilities are located(1)
Malt plants 21 Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru,
South Africa, South Korea, Uganda, United States,
Uruguay, Zambia
Rice / Corn grits mill 6 Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, United States
Farm and agriculture 7 Argentina, Brazil, China, Germany, United States, South
Africa
Hop pellet plant 1 Argentina
Glass bottle plants 6 Brazil, Mexico, Paraguay, United States
Bottle cap plants 6 Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Honduras, Mexico, South
Africa
Label plants 3 Brazil, Colombia
Can plants 7 Bolivia, Mexico, United States
Can lid manufacturing plants 2 United States
Crown and closure liner material plant 1 United States
Soft drink concentrate plants 2 Brazil
Sand quarries 1 Mexico
Yeast plants 1 Brazil
Plastic Crates plants 1 Honduras
Other 1 United States
Total 66 —
Notes:
(1) Excludes plants and facilities owned by joint ventures and assets where we are not the majority owner.
In addition to production facilities, we also maintain a geographical footprint in key markets through sales offices and distribution centers. Such
offices and centers are opened as needs in the various markets arise.
Capacity Expansion
We continually assess whether our production footprint is optimized to support future customer demand. Through footprint optimization, adding
new capabilities (such as plants, packaging lines or distribution centers) to our footprint not only allows us to boost production capacity, but the strategic
location often also reduces distribution time and costs so that our products reach consumers rapidly, efficiently and at a lower total cost. Conversely,
footprint optimization can lead to divesting of some assets, such as reducing some production and distribution capabilities as needed to maintain the
most optimal operational network.
For example, in 2018, we invested in additional brewing, packaging and distribution capacities in multiple countries including China, Korea,
Argentina, Ghana, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, Zambia, Tanzania, Belgium and others to meet our future demand expectations in these
countries or for export volumes.
Our capital expenditures are primarily funded through cash from operating activities and are for production facilities, logistics, administrative
capabilities improvements, hardware and software.
We may also outsource, to a limited extent, the production of items that we are either unable to produce in our own production network (for
example, due to a lack of capacity during seasonal peaks) or for which we do not yet want to invest in new production facilities (for example, to launch
a new product without incurring the full associated start-up costs). Such outsourcing mainly relates to secondary repackaging materials that we cannot
practicably produce on our own, in which case our products are sent to external companies for repackaging (for example, gift packs with different types
of beers).
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Logistics
Our logistics organization is composed of (i) a first tier, which comprises all inbound flows into the plants of raw materials and packaging
materials and all outbound flows from the plants into the second drop point in the chain (for example, distribution centers, warehouses, wholesalers or
key accounts) and (ii) a second tier, which comprises all distribution flows from the second drop point into the customer delivery tier (for example, pubs
or retailers).
Our transportation mechanics vary by market depending on economic and strategic considerations. We may outsource transportation to third-party
contractors, retain such capability in-house or implement owner-driver programs, among other options.
Some of our breweries have warehouses that are attached to their production facilities. In places where our warehouse capacity is limited, external
warehouses are rented. We strive to centralize fixed costs, which has resulted in some plants sharing warehouse and other facilities with each other.
Where it has been implemented, the VPO program has had a direct impact on our logistics organization, for example, in respect of safety, quality,
environment, scheduling, warehouse productivity and loss-prevention actions.
7. DISTRIBUTION OF PRODUCTS
We depend on effective distribution networks to deliver products to our customers. We review our focus markets for distribution and licensing
agreements on an annual basis. The focus markets will typically be markets with an interesting premium category and with reliable and strong partners
(brewers and/or importers). Based on these criteria, focus markets are then chosen.
The distribution of beer, other alcoholic beverages and non-beer drinks varies from country to country and from region to region. The nature of
distribution reflects consumption patterns and market structure, geographical density of customers, local regulation, the structure of the local retail
sector, scale considerations, market share, expected added-value and capital returns, and the existence of third-party wholesalers or distributors. In some
markets, brewers distribute directly to customers (for example, in Belgium). In other markets, wholesalers may play an important role in distributing a
significant proportion of beer to consumers, either in part for legal reasons (for example, in certain U.S. states and Canada where there may be legal
constraints on the ability of a beer manufacturer to own a wholesaler), because of historical market practice (for example, in China and Argentina) or
because we have determined that third-party wholesalers provide the most effective route of distribution (which is generally the case in the United
States). In some instances, we have acquired third-party distributors to help us self-distribute our products, as we have done in Brazil and Mexico.
The products we brew in the United States are sold to 448 wholesalers with the exclusive right to carry our products within a designated territory,
for resale to retailers, with some entities owning more than one wholesalership. As of the end of 2018, we owned 17 of these wholesalers and have an
ownership stake in another one of them. The remaining wholesalers are independent businesses. In certain countries, we enter into exclusive importer
arrangements and depend on our counterparties to these arrangements to market and distribute our products to points of sale. In certain markets, we also
distribute the products of other brewers.
We generally distribute our products through (i) our own distribution, in which we deliver to points of sale directly, and (ii) third-party
distribution networks, in which delivery to points of sale occurs through wholesalers and independent distributors. In certain cases, we may own or have
an ownership stake in a wholesaler. Third-party distribution networks may be exclusive or non-exclusive.
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See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—A. Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Distribution Arrangements” for a discussion of
the effect of the choice of distribution arrangements on our results of operations.
As a customer-driven organization, we have programs for professional relationship building with our customers in all markets regardless of the
chosen distribution method. This happens directly, for example, by way of key customer account management, and indirectly, by way of wholesaler
excellence programs.
We seek to provide media advertising, point-of-sale advertising and sales promotion programs to promote our brands. Where relevant, we
complement national brand strategies with geographic marketing teams focused on delivering relevant programming addressing local interests and
opportunities.
8. LICENSING
In some markets, we may enter into license agreements or, alternatively, international distribution and/or importation agreements, depending on
the best strategic fit for each particular market. License agreements entered into by us grant the right to third-party licensees to manufacture, package,
sell and market one or several of our brands in a particular assigned territory under strict rules and technical requirements. In the case of international
distribution and/or importation agreements, we produce and package the products ourselves while the third party distributes, markets and sells the
brands in the local market.
We have entered into a number of licensing, distribution and importation agreements relating to our brands, including the following:
• Stella Artois is licensed to third parties in various countries including Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech
Republic, Hungary, Israel, Kosovo, Montenegro, New Zealand, Romania, Serbia and Slovakia, while Beck’s is licensed to third parties in
Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Kosovo, Montenegro, New Zealand, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Tunisia and
Turkey.
• A licensing agreement allows Diageo Ireland to brew and sell Budweiser and Bud Light in the Republic of Ireland, and Diageo Northern
Ireland has the right to sell Budweiser in Northern Ireland. Anadolu Efes has the right to brew and sell Bud in Turkey. For more
information, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—H. Contractual Obligations and Contingencies—Contractual Obligations.” We
also sell various brands, including Budweiser, by exporting from our license partners’ breweries to other countries.
• The Corona beer brand is perpetually licensed to a subsidiary of Constellation Brands, Inc. for production in Mexico and marketing and
sales in 50 states of the United States, the District of Columbia and Guam.
• Aguila, Castle Lager, Sheaf Stout, Victoria Bitter, Crown Lager, Pure Blonde, Carlton Draught, Carlton Dry, Cusqueña, Cristal, Foster’s,
Redd’s, Cascade Brewery Company products, Matilda Bay Brewing Company products and certain other brands are perpetually licensed to
Molson Coors Brewing Company in the 50 states of the United States, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. We have retained rights to
brew and distribute these beers outside of the United States, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico.
We also manufacture and distribute other third-party brands, such as Kirin in the United States. Ambev, our listed Brazilian subsidiary, and some
of our other subsidiaries have entered into manufacturing and distribution agreements with PepsiCo. Major brands that are distributed under this
agreement are Pepsi-Cola, Lipton Ice Tea, H2OH! and Gatorade. See “—2. Principal Activities and Products—Non-Beer—Non-Alcoholic Beverages”
for further information in this respect. Ambev also has a license agreement with us which allows it to exclusively produce, distribute and market
Budweiser and Stella Artois in Brazil and Canada. Ambev also distributes Budweiser in Bolivia, Paraguay, Guatemala, the Dominican Republic,
Panama, Uruguay and Chile and Corona in Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, Guatemala, Panama and Canada.
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On 30 March 2018, following the merger of our businesses in Russia and Ukraine with Anadolu Efes, we granted the right to brew and/or
distribute several of our brands including Bud, Stella Artois and Corona to SUN InBev in Russia and SUN InBev Ukraine, both combined under AB
InBev Efes.
Molson Coors Brewing Company has rights to brew and/or distribute, under license, Beck’s, Löwenbräu, Spaten and Stella Artois, in Albania,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Kosovo, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia and
Slovenia.
Our brand portfolio consists of three global brands (Budweiser, Corona and Stella Artois), our multi-country brands (Beck’s, Castle Lager, Castle
Lite, Hoegaarden and Leffe), and many “local champions” (Jupiler, Skol, Quilmes, Bud Light, Modelo Especial, Aguila, Pilsen, Hero, Mosi,
Kilimanjaro and Harbin, to name but a few). We believe this robust brand portfolio provides us with strong growth and revenue opportunities and,
coupled with a powerful range of premium brands, positions us well to meet the needs of consumers in each of the markets in which we compete. For
further information about our brands, see “—2. Principal Activities and Products—Beer.”
We seek to constantly strengthen and develop our brand portfolio through enhancement of brand quality, marketing and product innovation. Our
marketing team therefore works together closely with our research and development team (see “—10. Intellectual Property; Innovation; Research and
Development” for further information).
We continually assess consumer needs and values in each geographic market in which we operate with a view to identifying the key
characteristics of consumers in each beer category (that is, premium, core and value). This allows us to position our existing brands (or to introduce new
brands) in order to address the characteristics of each category.
Our marketing approach is based on a “value-based brands” proposition, a single, clear, compelling values-based reason for consumer preference.
The value-based brands approach involves, firstly, the determination of consumer portraits; secondly, brand attributes (that is, tangible characteristics of
the brand that support the brand’s positioning) and brand personality (i.e., the way the brand would behave as a person) are defined; and, finally, a
positioning statement to help ensure the link between the consumer and the brand is made. Once this link has been established, a particular brand can
either be developed (brand innovation) or relaunched (brand renovation or line extension from the existing brand portfolio) to meet the customers’
needs. We apply zero-based planning principles to yearly budget decisions and for ongoing investment reviews and reallocations. We invest in each
brand in line with its local or global strategic priority and, taking into account its local circumstances, seek to maximize profitable and sustainable
growth.
For example, we focus our growth strategy for each of our brands based on a portfolio approach, which depends on the occasion in which our
products are consumed (e.g., relaxing at home with friends; or socializing in a bar). Our portfolio of brands will vary by market, but each leverage our
global platforms and initiatives, incorporating the whole organization from supply, to operations, to sales and marketing, and then bringing our teams
together to deliver end-to-end integrated consumer experiences.
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We own the rights to our principal brand names and trademarks in perpetuity for the main countries where these brands are currently
commercialized (with the exception of the Modelo beer brands and certain former SAB brands licensed in the United States as described under “—8.
Licensing” above).
Intellectual Property
Our intellectual property portfolio mainly consists of trademarks, patents, registered designs, copyrights, know-how and domain names. This
intellectual property portfolio is managed by our internal legal department, in collaboration with a selected network of external intellectual property
advisers. We place importance on achieving close cooperation between our intellectual property team and our marketing and research and development
teams. An internal stage gate process promotes the protection of our intellectual property rights, the swift progress of our innovation projects and the
development of products that can be launched and marketed without infringing any third-party’s intellectual property rights. A project can only move on
to the next step of its development after the necessary verifications (e.g., availability of trademark, existence of prior technology/earlier patents and
freedom to market) have been carried out. This internal process is designed to ensure that financial and other resources are not lost due to oversights in
relation to intellectual property protection during the development process.
Our patent portfolio is carefully built to gain a competitive advantage and support our innovation and other intellectual assets. We currently have
more than 222 pending and granted patent families, each of which covers one or more technological inventions. The extent of the protection differs
between technologies, as some patents are protected in many jurisdictions, while others are only protected in one or a few jurisdictions. Our patents may
relate, for example, to brewing processes, improvements in production of fermented malt-based beverages, treatments for improved beer flavor stability,
non-alcoholic beer development, filtration processes, beverage-dispensing systems and devices, can manufacturing processes, beer packaging or novel
uses for brewing materials and disruptive technologies.
We license in limited technology from third parties. We also license out certain of our intellectual property to third parties, for which we receive
royalties.
R&D in process optimization is primarily aimed at quality improvement, capacity increase (plant debottlenecking and addressing volume issues,
while minimizing capital expenditure) and improving efficiency. Newly developed processes, materials and/or equipment are documented in best
practices and shared across business regions. Current projects range from malting to bottling of finished products.
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Knowledge management and learning also make up an integral part of research and development. We seek to continuously increase our
knowledge through collaborations with universities and other industries.
Our R&D team is regularly briefed (on at least an annual basis) on our priorities and our business regions’ priorities and approves concepts and
technologies which are subsequently prioritized for development. The R&D teams invest in both short- and long-term strategic projects for future
growth, with the launch time depending on complexity and prioritization.
The Global Innovation and Technology Center, located in Leuven, Belgium, accommodates the Product, Packaging, Raw Material, Process and
Dispense Development teams and has facilities such as Labs, Experimental Brewery and Sensory Analysis. In addition to the Global Innovation and
Technology Center, we also have Product, Packaging and Process development teams located in each of our geographic regions focusing on the short-
and medium-term development and implementation needs of such regions.
See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Certain of our operations depend on independent distributors
or wholesalers to sell our products, and we may be unable to replace distributors or acquire interests in wholesalers or distributors. In addition, we may
be adversely impacted by the consolidation of retailers,” “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Negative
publicity, perceived health risks and associated government regulation may harm our business,” “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks
Relating to Our Business—We could incur significant costs as a result of compliance with, and/or violations of or liabilities under, various regulations
that govern our operations,” “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Climate change or other environmental
concerns, or legal, regulatory or market measures to address climate change or other environmental concerns, may negatively affect our business or
operations, including the availability of key production inputs,” “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Our
subsidiary Ambev operates a joint venture in Cuba, in which the Government of Cuba is its joint venture partner. Cuba remains subject to
comprehensive economic and trade sanctions by the United States and Ambev’s operations in Cuba may adversely affect our reputation and the liquidity
and value of our securities” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—A. Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Governmental
Regulations.”
Production, advertising, marketing and sales of alcoholic beverages are subject to various restrictions around the world, often based on health
considerations related to the misuse or harmful use of alcohol. These range from a complete prohibition of alcohol in certain countries and cultures
through the prohibition of the import of alcohol, to restrictions on the advertising style, media and messages used. In a number of countries, television is
a prohibited medium for advertising alcohol products, and in other countries, television advertising, while permitted, is carefully regulated. Media
restrictions may constrain our brand-building and innovation potential. Labeling of our products is also regulated in certain markets, varying from health
warning labels to importer identification, alcohol strength and other consumer information. Specific warning statements related to the risks of misusing
alcohol products, including beer, have also become prevalent in recent years. Introduction of smoking bans in pubs and restaurants may have negative
effects on on-trade consumption (that is, beer purchased for consumption in a pub or restaurant or similar retail establishment), as opposed to off-trade
consumption (i.e., beer purchased at a retail outlet for consumption at home or another location). We believe that the regulatory environment in most
countries in which we operate is becoming increasingly stringent with respect to health issues and expect this trend to continue in the future.
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The distribution of our beer and other alcoholic beverage products may also be regulated. In certain markets, alcohol may only be sold through
licensed outlets, varying from government- or state-operated monopoly outlets (e.g., in the off-trade channel of certain Canadian provinces) to the
common system of licensed on-trade outlets (e.g., licensed bars and restaurants) which prevails in many countries (e.g., in much of the European
Union). In the United States, states operate under a three-tier system of regulation for beer products from brewer to wholesaler to retailer, meaning that
we usually work with licensed third-party distributors to distribute our products to the points of sale.
In the United States, both federal and state laws generally prohibit us from providing anything of value to retailers, including paying slotting fees
or (subject to exceptions) holding ownership interests in retailers. Some states prohibit us from being licensed as a wholesaler for our products. State
laws also regulate the interactions among us, our wholesalers and consumers by, for example, limiting merchandise that can be provided to consumers
or limiting promotional activities that can be held at retail premises. If we violate applicable federal or state alcoholic beverage laws, we could be
subject to a variety of sanctions, including fines, equitable relief and suspension or permanent revocation of our licenses to brew or sell our products.
Governments in most of the countries in which we operate also establish minimum legal drinking ages, which generally vary from 16 to 21 years
of age or impose other restrictions on sales. Some governments have imposed or are considering imposing minimum pricing on alcohol products.
Moreover, governments may seek to address harmful use of alcohol by raising the legal drinking age, further limiting the number, type or operating
hours of retail outlets or expanding retail licensing requirements. We work both independently and together with other brewers and alcoholic beverage
companies to tackle the harmful use of alcohol products and actively promote responsible sales and consumption.
Growing concern over the rise of obesity and obesity-related diseases, such as Type 2 diabetes, are accelerating global policy debates on reducing
consumption of sugar in beverages and foods. This may have an impact on our soft drink business.
We are subject to antitrust and competition laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate and may be subject to regulatory scrutiny in certain of
these jurisdictions. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—We are exposed to antitrust and competition laws
in certain jurisdictions and the risk of changes in such laws or in the interpretation and enforcement of existing antitrust and competition laws. In
addition, in connection with our previous acquisitions, various regulatory authorities have previously imposed conditions with which we are required to
comply.”
In many jurisdictions, excise and other indirect duties, including legislation regarding minimum alcohol pricing, make up a large proportion of the
cost of beer charged to customers. In the United States, for example, the brewing industry is subject to significant taxation. The United States federal
government currently levies an excise tax of USD 6 per barrel (equivalent to approximately 117 liters) for the first 6 million barrels of beer sold for
consumption in the United States and then USD 18 per barrel for every barrel thereafter. All states also levy excise taxes on alcoholic beverages.
Proposals have been made to increase excise taxes in some states. In recent years, a number of countries have adopted proposals to increase beer excise
taxes. Rising excise duties can drive up our pricing to the consumer, which in turn could have a negative impact on our results of operations. See “Item
3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—We may be subject to adverse changes in taxation.”
Our products are generally sold in glass or PET bottles or aluminum or steel cans. Legal requirements apply in various jurisdictions in which we
operate, requiring that deposits or certain eco-taxes or fees are charged for the sale, marketing and use of certain non-refillable beverage containers. The
precise requirements imposed by these measures vary. Other types of beverage-container-related deposit, recycling, eco-tax and/or extended producer
responsibility statutes and regulations also apply in various jurisdictions in which we operate.
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We are subject to different environmental legislation and controls in each of the countries in which we operate. Environmental laws in the
countries in which we operate mostly relate to (i) the conformity of our operating procedures with environmental standards regarding, among other
things, the emission of gas and liquid effluents, (ii) the disposal of one-way (that is, non-returnable) packaging and (iii) noise levels. We believe that the
regulatory climate in most countries in which we operate is becoming increasingly strict with respect to environmental issues and expect this trend to
continue in the future. Achieving compliance with applicable environmental standards and legislation may require plant modifications and capital
expenditures. Laws and regulations may also limit noise levels and the disposal of waste, as well as impose waste treatment and disposal requirements.
Some of the jurisdictions in which we operate have laws and regulations that require polluters or site owners or occupants to clean up contamination.
The amount of dividends payable to us by our operating subsidiaries is, in certain countries, subject to exchange control restrictions of the
respective jurisdictions where those subsidiaries are organized and operate. See also “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review—G. Liquidity and Capital
Resources—Transfers from Subsidiaries” and “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—We are exposed to developing market risks, including the
risks of devaluation, nationalization and inflation.”
12. INSURANCE
We self-insure most of our insurable risk. However, we do purchase insurance for directors’ and officers’ liability and other coverage where
required by law or contract or where considered to be in our best interest. Under the Co-operation Agreement (as defined herein), we have procured the
provision of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance for former directors and officers of SAB for a period of six years following the completion of the
combination with SAB. We maintain a comprehensive approach to insurable risk, which is mainly divided in two general categories:
• Assets: a combination of self-insurance and insurance is used to cover our physical properties and business interruption; and
• Liabilities: a combination of self-insurance and insurance is used to cover losses due to damages caused to third parties; for executive risks
(risks related to our board and management) and automobile insurance (which is required by law in most jurisdictions).
We believe we have an adequate approach to insurable risk based on our market capitalization and our worldwide presence. We further believe
that the types and level of insurance we maintain are appropriate for the risks of our business.
Through our reach, resources and energy, we are addressing the needs of our communities through:
• Improving environmental and social sustainability;
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• Promoting smart drinking;
• Increasing workplace safety; and
• Business ethics.
In addition, we have launched the 100+ Sustainability Accelerator in August 2018 to identify and scale up innovative solutions to some of the world’s
most pressing sustainability challenges. Through the 100+ Accelerator, we are looking for partners who can deliver breakthrough advancements in water
stewardship, farmer productivity, product upcycling, responsible sourcing, green logistics and more.
We value our relationships with our small business partners and recognize the challenges many face in sustaining and growing their operations,
such as limited business skills and the need for affordable financial services and infrastructure. As their business partner, we believe we can help them
address these barriers to unlock their entrepreneurial potential and enable us to grow together.
Our Creciendo por un Sueño (“Growing for a Dream”) program aims to empower 80,000 women-run small retailers in Colombia, Peru and
Ecuador by providing access to tools like business skills training and affordable financial services that aim to help improve their livelihoods and
business operations.
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Our business in South Africa has an ambitious goal to create 10,000 jobs. Working in partnership with NGOs, the South African government and
the private sector, the program supports entrepreneurs to develop and grow their businesses, and offers opportunities for them to become part of the
South African Breweries’ supply chain. The initiative aims to contribute to South Africa’s national agenda of growing the economy through the
provision of jobs and offers tailored support for youth and women.
SmartBarley
About half of our malt barley is locally sourced to reduce the risk of supply chain disruption and exposure to currency volatility, while boosting
rural economies and strengthening agriculture. We developed our SmartBarley program to cultivate quality, local barley by accelerating innovations that
can improve crop productivity and enhance grower livelihoods. Since 2014, over 7,000 farmers have participated in this program across 12 countries.
Watershed Protection
We continue to scale our water stewardship efforts by engaging in watershed protection measures, in partnership with local stakeholders, in high-
stress areas across Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, China, Colombia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, India Mexico, Mozambique, Namibia, Peru, South
Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, the United States and Zambia. Together with local authorities, other water users, and non-governmental organizations like the
World Wildlife Fund and The Nature Conservancy, we have devoted financial and technical resources to green infrastructure initiatives, conservation
and reforestation projects, habitat restoration efforts, and soil conservation techniques. Through these initiatives, we seek to increase water security and
improve water quality and availability for our communities and operations.
Renewable Energy
We are one of the world’s largest corporate buyers of electricity, a member of the RE100 and we are committed to a plan to significantly increase
our use of renewable energy in our breweries and vertical operations to reduce our carbon emissions and long-term energy cost, improve air quality and
create jobs in the renewable energy industry. In 2016, we signed a contract to acquire 100% of our purchased electricity needs from wind power in our
Mexico breweries and vertical operations by the second half 2019. In September 2017, we announced an agreement with Enel Green Power in the
United States where we committed to purchasing as much renewable electricity as is used to brew more than 20 billion 12-ounce servings of beer. In
December 2018, we signed a 100MW solar power purchase agreement with Lightsource BP to secure renewable electricity for our U.K. operations,
representing the largest unsubsidized solar energy deal in the United Kingdom to date. Also in 2018, our Carlton and United Breweries signed a contract
with BayWa r.e. for a new 112MW Karadoc solar farm in Victoria, Australia.
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Recycling
We are driving and protecting the circular economy of our industry by increasing the amount of reused or recycled materials in our packaging and
recovering more post-consumer waste. We aim to work with partners, suppliers and retailers across our value chain in this effort. Packaging, such as
returnable glass bottles, is an important component of this effort, and increasing recycling, recovery and reuse also helps avoid loss of value.
Other Initiatives
We are also engaged with the international community and local groups to support key environmental initiatives. We recognize the critical role
that companies can play in addressing some of the world’s most pressing environmental challenges, such as water scarcity and climate change. We are a
signatory to the CEO Water Mandate, a public/private initiative of the United Nations Global Compact, which focuses on developing corporate
strategies to address global water issues. We actively work to better understand and manage climate change and water risks across our supply chain and
publicly report our risks and opportunities to the Carbon Disclosure Project.
We take a multifaceted approach that includes applying a mix of operational changes and technological solutions, building effective partnerships
and having a sustainability-focused mindset, underscored by strong teamwork, in order to help reduce the use of water in our direct operations, to help
protect watersheds that serve our breweries and local communities and to help improve water management in our barley supply chain.
We are members of the Beverage Industry Environmental Roundtable, a technical coalition of leading global beverage companies working
together to advance environmental sustainability within the beverage sector. We are members of the Sustainable Agriculture Initiative, a global food
industry organization that supports the development of sustainable agriculture through the involvement of food chain stakeholders. In addition, we are
active participants in the United Nations Environment Program’s annual World Environment Day, through which we engage annually with many
community stakeholders around the world.
Energy conservation has been a strategic focus for us for many years, especially with the unpredictable cost of energy and evolving climate
change regulations. Our continued progress is based on the importance we place on sharing best technical and management practices across our
operations. We publicly report our risks and opportunities related to climate change to the Carbon Disclosure Project.
Smart Drinking
We’re a global company, brewing beers and building brands that will continue to bring people together for a better world for the next 100 years
and beyond. This requires thriving communities across the globe where harmful use of alcohol no longer presents a social challenge. Our Smart
Drinking commitments, and the beliefs that underpin them, will help make this vision a reality.
In 2014, we successfully met or exceeded all six of the original Global Responsible Drinking Goals we set for ourselves in 2011. This set of goals
included collaborations with a wide range of partners, public education initiatives, retailer training and other activities that reinforced responsible
drinking.
Our current Global Smart Drinking Goals are intended to serve as a laboratory to identify and test replicable programs, implement them in
partnership with others and ensure they are independently and transparently evaluated. Our goals are also designed to be collaborative and evolving.
Working in partnership with public health
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bodies, civil society and governments, we aim to implement evidence-based approaches, uncover new ways to reduce the harmful use of alcohol, and
act upon them. Our intent is not only to use the knowledge generated by this work to improve our own efforts and business practices, but also to share
what we learn with others.
Our City Pilots initiative is the cornerstone of our efforts to identify, test and independently and rigorously measure and evaluate replicable
evidence-based interventions that are implemented in partnership with others, to reduce harmful use of alcohol. The City Pilots serve as laboratories for
identifying evidence-based initiatives worth scaling. The six City Pilots are: Brasilia, Brazil; Zacatecas, Mexico; Johannesburg, South Africa; Jiangshan,
China; Leuven, Belgium and Columbus, Ohio. Local knowledge and leadership are critical to the City Pilot approach. In each region, a Steering
Committee was formed with local community members, including government, universities, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other
community-based organizations.
Our Social Norms initiative is not just about spending a specified amount, but rather spending with impact, which requires the development and
implementation of campaigns and programs grounded in social norms and social marketing theory. We have partnered with experts in this field to gather
and consolidate the latest social marketing knowledge and best practices and apply them to the promotion of smart drinking. In 2018 we produced a
Social Marketing Toolkit for our marketing teams around the world, working in close collaboration with public health and behavior change experts. This
Toolkit is a practical guide that collates and distills information about our Global Smart Drinking Goals, behavior change theory, social norms and
social marketing principles and includes a comprehensive library of AB InBev harmful consumption of alcohol prevention initiatives to date, so that all
our business units can replicate best practices easily.
Through our No- and Low-Alcohol Beer initiative we are offering consumers more choice, which we believe can be important way to help
reduce harmful use of alcohol. Our ambition is for existing drinkers to integrate no-alcohol beers and beer with 3.5% ABV or lower into their current
drink choices, reducing their total alcohol intake. To make this ambition a reality, we are investing to make our no- and low-alcohol products an
available and appealing choice for current consumers of beverage alcohol. We have applied the same robust sales tracking tools to our no- and
low-alcohol beers to identify opportunities for growth and help us get closer to achieving our volume goal.
Our Alcohol Health Literacy initiative exemplifies our belief in helping consumers understand why and how alcohol should be consumed within
limits. We are collaborating with partners to identify and implement evidence-based means of increasing alcohol literacy among consumers. The AB
InBev Foundation is supporting public health researchers at Tufts University School of Medicine to develop a consumer guidance labelling strategy for
beer that will promote alcohol health literacy and reflect the current evidence base for consumer labelling.
To further advance our Global Smart Drinking Goals, we established the AB InBev Foundation in 2017. The Foundation’s mission is to reduce
harmful drinking globally by identifying effective programs and policies for public-private partnerships to advance positive social and behavior change.
The Foundation has established the
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following guiding principles: transparency—effectively sharing what the Foundation does and what it learns with others; local
leadership—demonstrating multi-sectorial, community collaborations, empowered by evidence-based interventions and external experts and academic
integrity—advancing the knowledge base by supporting independent, technical experts to implement and evaluate programs and publish their own work
and conclusions.
In 2018, we published our Smart Drinking Beliefs, a set of principles and promises to guide our progress against our Smart Drinking
commitments and make our vision a reality.
Safe roads are also a high priority for governments and advocacy groups, and we are strengthening the impact of our efforts through partnerships.
These include our leadership in Together for Safer Roads (“TSR”), a private-sector coalition focused on improving road safety by facilitating innovation
in safer fleets, data collection and modern management.
As a major user of roads around the world and its largest brewer, we are committed to delivering safer roads for all, and we fully support the
United Nation’s objective of reducing road traffic collisions in the world by 50% by 2020.
Internally in our business, we dedicate significant time and resources to researching, testing and implementing road safety technology and
innovative techniques to increase the road safety of our fleet, which in turn improves community safety. Some of the techniques we have implemented
are: monitoring the location and performance of vehicles, crash and near miss analysis, and addressing and avoiding driver fatigue using tools like
telemetry and artificial intelligence.
Business ethics
Our leaders set the tone for our company. We expect them to deliver results and to inspire our colleagues through passion for brewing and a sense
of ownership. Most importantly, we never take shortcuts. Integrity, hard work, quality and responsibility are essential to our growth.
Human Rights
Respect for human rights is a core tenet of our business ethos. Our Global Human Rights Policy sets out the standards and expectations we hold
for promoting human rights, and we have developed policies to address harassment and discrimination, as well as diversity and inclusion. We also work
with our suppliers to ensure that our approach to human rights extends to our supply chain. Through continued engagement with stakeholders, we are
committed to continuously enhancing our approach to respecting human rights.
Our People
It takes great people to build a great company. That is why we focus on attracting and retaining the best talent. Our approach is to enhance our
people’s skills and potential through education and training, competitive compensation and a culture of ownership that rewards people for taking
responsibility and producing results. Our ownership culture unites our people, providing the necessary energy, commitment and alignment needed to
pursue our Dream of Bringing People Together for a Better World.
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Having the right people in the right roles at the right time—aligned through a clear goal-setting and rewards process—improves productivity and
enables us to continue to invest in our business and strengthen our social responsibility initiatives.
One key global program is Global Be(er) Responsible Day, which in 2018 engaged more than 62,000 colleagues worldwide to promote awareness
about smart drinking. Together, we spread smart drinking messages to more than 3.6 million consumers on one day through direct interactions,
generating over 215 million social media impressions. We also engaged with more than 1.1 million points of consumption, retailers and wholesalers
throughout the month of September.
Our local teams also organized their own volunteering efforts. In Mexico, our volunteering program Voluntarios Modelo engaged more than
135,000 people in volunteering activities in their communities, including many of our colleagues. In Brazil, our Volunteering Program VOA provided
management training to 185 NGOs leveraging the management expertise of 191 of our colleagues. In Colombia, Peru and Ecuador, our volunteering
program #MeUno engaged more than 67,000 volunteers in environmental and educational activities. In the United States, South Africa and Colombia,
our Pro Bono Marathon leveraged the skills of 194 colleagues to help 13 non-profit partners solve organizational challenges.
C. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Anheuser Busch InBev SA/NV is the parent company of the AB InBev Group. Our most significant subsidiaries (as of 31 December 2018) are:
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For a more comprehensive list of our most important financing and operating subsidiaries, see note 36 of our audited consolidated financial
statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018.
Some of the information contained in this discussion, including information with respect to our plans and strategies for our business and our
expected sources of financing, contain forward-looking statements that involve risk and uncertainties. You should read “Forward-Looking Statements”
for a discussion of the risks related to those statements. You should also read “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors” for a discussion of certain
factors that may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We have prepared our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December
2018, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, and in conformity
with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (“IFRS”). The financial information and related discussion and
analysis contained in this item are presented in U.S. dollars except as otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified the financial information analysis
in this Form 20-F is based on our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended
31 December 2018.
See “Presentation of Financial and Other Data” for further information on our presentation of financial information.
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A. KEY FACTORS AFFECTING RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We consider acquisitions, divestitures and other structural changes, economic conditions and pricing, consumer preferences, our product mix, raw
material and transport prices, the effect of our distribution arrangements, excise taxes, the effect of governmental regulations, foreign currency effects
and weather and seasonality to be the key factors influencing the results of our operations. The following sections discuss these key factors.
Acquisition of SAB
The combination with SAB was implemented through a series of steps, including the acquisition of SAB by Newbelco, a newly incorporated
Belgian company formed for the purposes of the combination with SAB, and completed on 10 October 2016. During the final step of the combination
with SAB, former AB InBev merged into Newbelco (the “Belgian Merger”) so that, following completion of the combination with SAB, Newbelco,
now named Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, became the new holding company for the Combined Group.
Under the terms of the combination with SAB, each SAB shareholder was entitled to receive GBP 45.00 in cash in respect of each SAB share.
The combination with SAB also included a partial share alternative (the “Partial Share Alternative”), under which SAB shareholders could elect to
receive GBP 4.6588 in cash and 0.483969 Restricted Shares in respect of each SAB share in lieu of the full cash consideration to which they would
otherwise be entitled under the combination with SAB (subject to scaling back in accordance with the terms of the Partial Share Alternative).
The Partial Share Alternative was limited to a maximum of 326,000,000 Restricted Shares and GBP 3,138,153,064 in cash, which was available
for approximately 41.6% of the SAB shares. Altria and BEVCO Ltd. (“BEVCO”), which held in aggregate approximately 40% of the ordinary share
capital of SAB, gave irrevocable undertakings to us to elect for the Partial Share Alternative in respect of their entire beneficial holdings in SAB.
The combination with SAB was implemented through a series of equity reorganizations:
• On 6 October 2016, Newbelco issued 163,276,737,100 ordinary shares (“Initial Newbelco Shares”) to SAB shareholders through a capital
increase of EUR 85,531 million (equivalent to GBP 75.4 billion), as consideration for 1,632,767,371 ordinary shares of SAB pursuant to a
U.K. law court-sanctioned scheme of arrangement between SAB and the applicable shareholders of SAB under Part 26 of the United
Kingdom Companies Act 2006 (the “U.K. Scheme”).
• Former AB InBev then made a voluntary cash tender offer pursuant to the Belgian Law of 1 April 2007 on public takeover bids and the
Belgian Royal Decree of 27 April 2007 on public takeover bids, for all the Initial Newbelco Shares issued in the U.K. Scheme (the “Belgian
Offer”), pursuant to which former AB InBev acquired 102,890,758,014 Initial Newbelco Shares tendered into the Belgian Offer.
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• Based on the terms of the U.K. Scheme, all Initial Newbelco Shares not tendered to former AB InBev in the context of the Belgian Offer
(i.e., 60,385,979,086 Initial Newbelco Shares) were reclassified into 325,999,817 Restricted Shares, in accordance with the mechanism by
which any Initial Newbelco Shares that were retained after closing of the Belgian Offer were automatically reclassified and consolidated.
The Restricted Shares are unlisted, not admitted to trading on any stock exchange and are subject to, among other things, restrictions on
transfer until converted into Ordinary Shares. Except in limited circumstances, the Restricted Shares will only be convertible at the election
of the holder into new Ordinary Shares on a one-for-one basis with effect from the fifth anniversary of completion of the combination with
SAB. From completion of the combination with SAB, such Restricted Shares will rank equally with the Ordinary Shares with respect to
dividends and voting rights. Following completion of the combination with SAB, AB InBev acquired 105,246 SAB shares from option
holders that had not exercised their option rights prior to the completion of the combination with SAB for a total consideration of EUR
5 million and now owns 100% of SAB shares.
• After the Belgian Offer and, upon completion of the Belgian Merger, all shares acquired by former AB InBev in the Belgian Offer were
canceled except for the equivalent of 85,000,000 Ordinary Shares, which were retained by Newbelco and held as treasury shares after
completion of the Belgian Merger, as decided by the general meeting of Newbelco in the notarial deed approving the merger of former AB
InBev into Newbelco and in accordance with the Belgian Companies Code.
• As a result of the Belgian Merger, the share premium was reduced by EUR 52,522 million (USD 58,510 million) against undistributable
reserves, EUR 44,485 million (USD 49,556 million) of such reserves were canceled upon cancellation of the shares acquired by AB InBev
in the Belgian Offer, and EUR 8,037 million (USD 8,953 million) undistributable reserves remained outstanding against the 85,000,000
treasury shares in accordance with the Belgian Companies Code.
• After the merger, the capital and share premium of Newbelco were further reorganized. Newbelco’s share capital was reduced by EUR
8,553 million (USD 9,528 million) and its issue premium account was reduced by EUR 24,456 million (USD 27,244 million) to create
distributable reserves of EUR 33,009 million (USD 36,772 million) as decided by the general meeting of Newbelco in the notarial deed
approving the Belgian Merger and in accordance with the Belgian Companies Code. Each such step became effective simultaneously with
the Belgian Merger and completion of the combination with SAB.
On 10 October 2016, we announced the completion of the Belgian Merger and the successful completion of the combination with SAB.
As a result of the Belgian Merger, former AB InBev merged into Newbelco, and Newbelco became the holding company for the Combined
Group. All assets and liabilities of former AB InBev were transferred to Newbelco, and Newbelco was automatically substituted for former AB InBev in
all its rights and obligations by operation of Belgian law. Newbelco was renamed Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, and former AB InBev was dissolved
by operation of Belgian law.
In connection with the combination with SAB, shares in former AB InBev were delisted from Euronext Brussels, the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores
and the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. Our Ordinary Shares were admitted to listing and trading on Euronext Brussels, the Johannesburg Stock
Exchange and the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores at the opening of business in each market on 11 October 2016. In addition, ADSs trading on the New
York Stock Exchange, each of which used to represent one Ordinary Share of former AB InBev, now each represent one of our Ordinary Shares,
effective as of the opening of business in New York on 11 October 2016.
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We now own 100% of the SAB shares; our share capital amounts to EUR 1,238,608,344 and is represented by 2,019,241,973 shares without
nominal value, of which 59,862,607 shares are held in treasury by AB InBev and its subsidiaries. All of our shares are Ordinary Shares, except for
325,999,817 Restricted Shares.
In accordance with IFRS, the combination with SAB was considered for accounting purposes as a reverse acquisition, by operation of which
Newbelco legally absorbed the assets and liabilities of former AB InBev. As a consequence, the legal acquirer (Newbelco) was considered the
accounting acquiree and the legal acquiree (former AB InBev) is considered the accounting acquirer. Therefore, the consolidated financial statements
represent the continuation of the financial statements of former AB InBev. The assets and liabilities of former AB InBev remained recognized at their
pre-combination carrying amounts.
Newbelco
valuation in Newbelco
Newbelco number million pound valuation in
of shares sterling million euro
Tender offer (cash consideration) 102,890,758,014 46,301 52,522
Converted to Restricted Shares 60,385,979,086 29,099 33,009(i)
163,276,737,100 75,400 85,531
Notes
(i) The Restricted Share valuation is based on the valuation of the Newbelco shares that were not tendered into the Belgian Offer and has regard to
the share price of former AB InBev on the day of the closing of the combination with SAB, adjusted for the specificities of the Restricted Shares
in line with fair value measurement rules under IFRS.
(ii) During 2015 and 2016, we entered into derivative foreign exchange forward contracts, as well as other non-derivative items also documented in a
hedge accounting relationship, in order to economically hedge against exposure to changes in the U.S. dollar exchange rate for the cash
component of the purchase consideration in pound sterling and South African rand. Although these derivatives and non-derivative items were
considered to be economic hedges, only a portion of such derivatives could qualify for hedge accounting under IFRS rules. Since inception of the
derivative contracts in 2015 and upon the completion of the combination with SAB, USD 12.3 billion negative mark-to-market adjustment related
to such hedging were recognized cumulatively over 2015 and 2016, of which USD 7.4 billion qualified for hedge accounting and was,
accordingly, allocated as part of the consideration paid. The settlement of the portion of the derivatives that did not qualify as hedge accounting
was classified as cash flow from financing activities in the consolidated cash flow statement.
We financed the cash consideration of the combination with SAB with USD 18.0 billion drawn down under a USD 75.0 billion Senior Facilities
Agreement dated 28 October 2015, together with the excess liquidity resulting from the issuance of bonds in 2016.
The transaction costs incurred in connection with the combination with SAB, which include transaction taxes, advisory, legal, audit, valuation and
other fees and costs, amounted to approximately USD 1.0 billion. In addition we incurred approximately USD 0.7 billion of costs in connection with the
transaction-related financing arrangements.
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On 11 October 2016, we completed the sale of SAB’s interest in MillerCoors LLC (a joint venture in the United States and Puerto Rico between
Molson Coors Brewing Company and SAB) and in the Miller Global Brand Business to Molson Coors Brewing Company. The total transaction was
valued at USD 12 billion, subject to a downward purchase price adjustment. We set up a provision of USD 330 million as part of the opening balance
sheet related to the purchase price adjustment. The parties entered into a settlement agreement on 21 January 2018 for USD 330 million of which USD
328 million constitutes the purchase price adjustment amount.
On 11 October 2016, we completed the sale of SAB’s Peroni, Grolsch and Meantime brand families and their associated businesses (excluding
certain rights in the United States) to Asahi. The offer valued the Peroni, Grolsch and Meantime brand families and associated businesses in Italy, the
Netherlands, the United Kingdom and internationally at EUR 2,550 million on a debt free/cash-free basis.
On 11 October 2016, we completed the sale of 49% interest in CR Snow to China Resources Beer (Holdings) Co. Ltd., which previously owned
51% of CR Snow. The transaction valued SAB’s 49% stake in CR Snow at USD 1.6 billion.
On 31 March 2017, we completed the sale of SAB’s assets in Central and Eastern Europe (Hungary, Romania, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and
Poland) to Asahi Group Holdings, Ltd. for EUR 7.3 billion.
On 12 April 2017, we completed the sale of our interests in Distell Group Limited (“Distell”) (comprised of 58,674,000 ordinary shares or
approximately 26.4% of Distell’s issued share capital) to the Public Investment Corporation (SOC) Limited, acting on behalf of the Government
Employees Pension Fund.
In 2017, we completed the purchase price allocation to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of the combination with SAB,
including the allocation of goodwill to the different business units, in compliance with IFRS 3 Business Combinations. The combination with SAB
resulted in the recognition of USD 72.4 billion of goodwill allocated primarily to the businesses in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Australia, South Africa
and other African, Asia Pacific and Latin American countries. The valuation of the property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, investment in
associates, interest bearing loans and borrowings, employee benefits, other assets and liabilities and non-controlling interests was based on our best
estimate of fair value with input from independent third parties.
The factors that contributed to the recognition of goodwill include the acquisition of an assembled workforce and the premiums paid for cost
synergies expected to be achieved in SAB. Our assessment of the future economic benefits supporting recognition of this goodwill is in part based on
expected savings through the implementation of best practices such as, among others, a zero-based budgeting program and initiatives that are expected
to bring greater efficiency and standardization, generate cost savings and maximize purchasing power. Goodwill also arises due to the recognition of
deferred tax liabilities in relation to the preliminary fair value adjustments on acquired intangible assets for which the amortization does not qualify as a
tax deductible expense. None of the goodwill recognized is deductible for tax purposes.
See also notes 6 and 14 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended
31 December 2018.
CCBA, the largest Coca-Cola bottler in Africa, was formed in 2016 through the combination of the African non-alcohol ready-to-drink bottling
interests of SAB, The Coca-Cola Company and Gutsche Family Investments. It includes the countries of South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Uganda,
Tanzania, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Ghana, Mayotte and Comoros. Following completion, CCBA will remain subject to the agreement reached with the
South African government and the South African Competition Authorities on several conditions, all of which were previously announced.
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In 2018, we completed the sale of our carbonated soft drink businesses in Zambia and Botswana to The Coca-Cola Company. In related
transactions, we entered into agreements to sell to The Coca-Cola Company (i) all of our carbonated soft drink business in eSwatini (Swaziland) and
(ii) certain non-alcoholic beverage brands in El Salvador and Honduras. The closing of these transactions is subject to customary closing conditions,
including regulatory approvals. In El Salvador and Honduras, we have executed long-term bottling agreements which will become effective upon the
closing of the El Salvador and Honduras brand divestitures.
Together with The Coca-Cola Company, we continue to work towards finalizing the terms and conditions of the agreement for The Coca-Cola
Company to acquire our interest in, or the bottling operations of, our businesses in Zimbabwe and Lesotho. These transactions are subject to the relevant
regulatory and shareholder approvals in the different jurisdictions.
The combined business is fully consolidated into Anadolu Efes financial accounts. We have stopped consolidating the results of these operations
as of the second quarter 2018 and account for our investment in AB InBev Efes under the equity method.
In December 2016, we entered into an agreement with Keurig Dr Pepper, formerly Keurig Green Mountain, Inc., to establish a joint venture for
conducting research and development of an in-home alcohol drink system, focusing on the United States and Canadian markets. The transaction, which
closed in the first quarter of 2017, included the contribution of intellectual property and manufacturing assets from Keurig Dr Pepper. Pursuant to the
terms of the joint venture agreement, we own 70% of the voting and economic interest in the joint venture. Under IFRS, this transaction was accounted
for as a business combination as we were deemed as the accounting acquirer as per IFRS rules.
On 2 May 2018, we recovered the Budweiser distribution rights in Argentina from CCU. The transaction involved the transfer of the Isenbeck,
Iguana, Diosa, Norte and Baltica brands and other commitments to CCU Argentina.
On 5 June 2018, we delivered 23,076,922 shares under deferred share instruments with former Grupo Modelo shareholders. The delivery
obligation was through the use of part of our outstanding treasury shares.
During 2016, 2017 and 2018, we undertook a series of additional acquisitions and disposals with no significant impact to our audited consolidated
financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018 included in this Form 20-F.
In addition to the acquisitions and divestitures described above, we may acquire, purchase or dispose of further assets or businesses in our normal
course of operations. Accordingly, the financial information presented in this Form 20-F may not reflect the scope of our business as it will be
conducted in the future.
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Economic Conditions and Pricing
General economic conditions in the geographic regions in which we sell our products, such as the level of disposable income, the level of
inflation, the rate of economic growth, the rate of unemployment, exchange rates and currency devaluation or revaluation, influence consumer
confidence and consumer purchasing power. These factors, in turn, influence the demand for our products in terms of total volumes sold and the price
that can be charged. This is particularly true for developing countries in our Latin America West, Latin America North, Latin America South and Asia
Pacific regions, as well as certain countries in our EMEA region, which tend to have lower disposable income per capita and may be subject to greater
economic volatility than our markets in North America and developed countries in EMEA. The level of inflation has been particularly significant in our
Latin America North and Latin America South regions and in certain countries within the EMEA region. As measured by the National Consumer Price
Index (Indice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor), Brazilian inflation was approximately 3.43% in 2018. In May 2018, the Argentinean peso underwent
a severe devaluation resulting in the three-year cumulative inflation of Argentina to exceed 100% in 2018, thereby triggering the requirement to
transition to hyperinflation accounting as prescribed by IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies as of 1 January 2018 (see
“—Foreign Currency”). As measured by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos, Argentine inflation was approximately 31.8% in 2018.
Consequently, a central element of our strategy for achieving sustained profitable volume growth is our ability to anticipate changes in local economic
conditions and their impact on consumer demand in order to achieve the optimal combination of pricing and sales volume.
In addition to affecting demand for our products, the general economic conditions described above may cause consumer preferences to shift
between on-trade consumption channels, such as restaurants and cafés, bars, sports and leisure venues and hotels, and off-trade consumption channels,
such as traditional grocery stores, supermarkets, hypermarkets and discount stores. Products sold in off-trade consumption channels typically generate
higher volumes and lower margins per retail outlet than those sold in on-trade consumption channels, although on-trade consumption channels typically
require higher levels of investment. The relative profitability of on-trade and off-trade consumption channels varies depending on various factors,
including costs of invested capital and the distribution arrangements in the different countries in which we operate. A shift in consumer preferences
towards lower-margin products may adversely affect our price realization and profit margins.
Consumer Preferences
We are a consumer products company, and our results of operations largely depend on our ability to respond effectively to shifting consumer
preferences. Consumer preferences may shift due to a variety of factors, including changes in demographics, changes in social trends, such as consumer
health concerns, product attributes and ingredients, changes in travel, vacation or leisure activity patterns, weather or negative publicity resulting from
regulatory action or litigation.
Product Mix
The results of our operations are substantially affected by our ability to build on our strong family of brands by relaunching or reinvigorating
existing brands in current markets, launching existing brands in new markets and introducing brand extensions and packaging alternatives for our
existing brands, as well as our ability to both acquire and develop innovative local products to respond to changing consumer preferences. Strong, well-
recognized brands that attract and retain consumers, for which consumers are willing to pay a premium, are critical to our efforts to maintain and
increase market share and benefit from high margins. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—2. Principal Activities and
Products—Beer” for further information regarding our brands.
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The main raw materials used in our beer and other alcoholic malt beverage production are malted barley, corn grits, corn syrup, rice, hops and
water, while those used in our non-beer production are flavored concentrate, fruit concentrate, sugar, sweetener and water. In some of our regions, such
as in Africa, locally-sourced agricultural products, such as sorghum or cassava, are used in place of malted barley. In addition to these inputs into our
products, delivery of our products to consumers requires extensive use of packaging materials, such as glass, PET and aluminum bottles, aluminum or
steel cans and kegs, labels, plastic crates, metal and plastic closures, folding cartons, cardboard products and plastic films.
The price of the raw and packaging materials that we use in our operations is determined by, among other factors, the level of crop production
(both in the countries in which we are active and elsewhere in the world), weather conditions, supplier’s capacity utilization, end-user demand,
governmental regulations including tariffs, and legislation affecting agriculture and trade. We are also exposed to increases in fuel and other energy
prices through our own and third-party distribution networks and production operations. Furthermore, we are exposed to increases in raw material
transport costs charged by suppliers. Increases in the prices of our products could affect demand among consumers, and, thus, our sales volumes and
revenue. Even though we seek to minimize the impact of such fluctuations through financial and physical hedging, the results of our hedging activities
may vary across time.
As further discussed under “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Market Risk, Hedging and Financial
Instruments,” we use both fixed-price purchasing contracts and commodity derivatives to minimize our exposure to commodity price volatility when
practicable. Fixed-price contracts generally have a term of one to two years, although a small number of contracts have a term up to five years. See
“Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—6. Brewing Process; Raw Materials and Packaging; Production Facilities;
Logistics—Raw Materials and Packaging” for further details regarding our arrangements for sourcing of raw and packaging materials.
Distribution Arrangements
We depend on effective distribution networks to deliver our products to our customers. Generally, we distribute our products through (i) our own
distribution, in which we deliver to points of sale directly, and (ii) third-party distribution networks, in which delivery to points of sale occurs through
wholesalers and independent distributors. Third-party distribution networks may be exclusive or non-exclusive and may, in certain business segments,
involve use of third-party distribution while we retain the sales function through an agency framework. We use different distribution networks in the
markets in which we operate, as appropriate, based on the structure of the local retail sectors, local geographic considerations, scale considerations,
regulatory requirements, market share and the expected added-value and capital returns.
Although specific results may vary depending on the relevant distribution arrangement and market, in general, the use of own distribution or third-
party distribution networks will have the following effects on our results of operations:
• Revenue. Revenue per hectoliter derived from sales through own distribution tends to be higher than revenue derived from sales through third
parties. In general, under own distribution, we receive a higher price for our products since we are selling directly to points of sale, capturing the
margin that would otherwise be retained by intermediaries;
• Transportation costs. In our own distribution networks, we sell our products to the point of sale and incur additional freight costs in transporting
those products between our plant and such points of sale. Such costs are included in our distribution expenses under IFRS. In most of our own
distribution networks, we use third-party transporters and incur costs through payments to these transporters, which are also included in our
distribution expenses under IFRS. In third-party distribution networks, our distribution expenses are generally limited to expenses incurred in
delivering our products to relevant wholesalers or independent distributors in those circumstances in which we make deliveries; and
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• Sales expenses. Under fully third-party distribution systems, the salesperson is generally an employee of the distributor, while under our own
distribution and indirect agency networks, the salesperson is generally our employee. To the extent that we deliver our products to points of sale
through direct or indirect agency distribution networks, we will incur additional sales expenses from the hiring of additional employees (which
may offset to a certain extent increased revenue gained as a result of own distribution).
In addition, in certain countries, we enter into exclusive importer arrangements and depend on our counterparties to these arrangements to market
and distribute our products to points of sale. To the extent that we rely on counterparties to distribution agreements to distribute our products in
particular countries or regions, the results of our operations in those countries and regions will, in turn, be substantially dependent on our counterparties’
own distribution networks operating effectively.
Excise Taxes
Taxation on our beer, other alcoholic beverage and non-beer products in the countries in which we operate is comprised of different taxes specific
to each jurisdiction, such as excise and other indirect taxes. In many jurisdictions, excise and other indirect duties, including legislation regarding
minimum alcohol pricing, make up a large proportion of the cost of beer charged to customers. Increases in excise and other indirect taxes applicable to
our products either on an absolute basis or relative to the levels applicable to other beverages tend to adversely affect our revenue or margins, both by
reducing overall consumption and by encouraging consumers to switch to lower-taxed categories of beverages. These increases also adversely affect the
affordability of our products and our ability to raise prices. For example, see the discussion of taxes in the United States in “Item 3. Key
Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—We may be subject to adverse changes in taxation.”
Governmental Regulations
Governmental restrictions on beer consumption in the markets in which we operate vary from one country to another, and, in some instances,
within countries. The most relevant restrictions are:
• Legal drinking ages;
• Global and national alcohol policy reviews and the implementation of policies aimed at preventing the harmful effects of alcohol misuse
(including, among others, relating to underage drinking, drunk driving, drinking while pregnant and excessive or abusive drinking);
• Restrictions on sales of alcohol generally or beer specifically, including restrictions on distribution networks, restrictions on certain retail venues,
requirements that retail stores hold special licenses for the sale of alcohol, restrictions on times or days of sale and minimum alcohol pricing
requirements;
• Advertising restrictions, which affect, among other things, the media channels employed, the content of advertising campaigns for our products
and the times and places where our products can be advertised, including, in some instances, sporting events;
• Restrictions imposed by antitrust or competition laws;
• Deposit laws (including those for bottles, crates and kegs);
• Heightened environmental regulations and standards, including regulations addressing emissions of gas and liquid effluents and the disposal of
waste and one-way packaging, compliance with which imposes costs; and
• Litigation associated with any of the above.
Please refer to “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—11. Regulations Affecting Our Business” for a fuller description
of the key laws and regulations to which our operations are subject.
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Foreign Currency
Our financial statements presentation and reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. A number of our operating companies have functional currencies
(that is, in most cases, the local currency of the respective operating company) other than our reporting currency. Consequently, foreign currency
exchange rates have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements. In particular:
• Changes in the value of our operating companies’ functional currencies against other currencies in which their costs and expenses are priced may
affect those operating companies’ cost of sales and operating expenses, and, thus, negatively impact their operating margins in functional currency
terms. Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transactions, while monetary assets and
liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the balance sheet date. Except for exchange differences on transactions entered into
in order to hedge certain foreign currency risk and exchange rate differences on monetary items that form part of the net investment in the foreign
operations, gains and losses resulting from the settlement of foreign currency transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and
liabilities in currencies other than an operating company’s functional currency are recognized in the income statement. Historically, we have been
able to raise prices and implement cost-saving initiatives to partly offset cost and expense increases due to exchange rate volatility. We also have
hedge policies designed to manage commodity price and foreign currency risks to protect our exposure to currencies other than our operating
companies’ respective functional currencies. Please refer to “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Market Risk,
Hedging and Financial Instruments” for further detail on our approach to hedging commodity price and foreign currency risk.
Any change in the exchange rates between our operating companies’ functional currencies and our reporting currency affects our consolidated
income statement and consolidated statement of financial position when the results of those operating companies are translated into the reporting
currency for reporting purposes as translational exposures are not hedged. Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated to the reporting
currency at foreign exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date. Income statements of foreign operations, excluding foreign entities in
hyperinflation economies, are translated to the reporting currency at exchange rates for the year approximating the foreign exchange rates prevailing at
the dates of transactions. The components of shareholders’ equity are translated at historical rates. Exchange differences arising from the translation of
shareholders’ equity into the reporting currency at year-end are taken to other comprehensive income (that is, in a translation reserve). In May 2018, the
Argentinean peso underwent a severe devaluation resulting in Argentina’s three-year cumulative inflation exceeding 100% in 2018, thereby triggering
the requirement to transition to hyperinflation accounting as prescribed by IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies as of 1 January
2018. Under IAS 29, the non-monetary assets and liabilities are stated at historical cost and the equity and income statement of subsidiaries operating in
hyperinflationary economies are restated for changes in the general purchasing power of the local currency applying a general price index. Monetary
items that are already stated at the measuring unit at the end of the reporting period are not restated. These re-measured accounts are used for conversion
into U.S. dollars at the period closing exchange rate. As a result, the balance sheet and net results of subsidiaries operating in hyperinflationary
economies are stated in terms of the measuring unit current at the end of the reporting period.
Decreases in the value of our operating companies’ functional currencies against the reporting currency tend to reduce their contribution to,
among other things, our consolidated revenue and profit. During 2018, several currencies, such as the Argentinean peso, the Australian dollar, the
Brazilian real, the Colombian peso and the South African rand, depreciated against the U.S. dollar. Our total consolidated revenue was USD 54.6 billion
for the year ended 31 December 2018, a decrease of USD 1.8 billion compared to the year ended 31 December 2017. The negative impact of
unfavorable currency translation effects, including hyperinflation accounting impact, on our consolidated revenue in the year ended 31 December 2018
was USD 2.3 billion, primarily as a result of the impact of the currencies listed above
For further details regarding the currencies in which our revenue is realized and the effect of foreign currency fluctuations on our results of
operations see “—F. Impact of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates” below.
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See also “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Our results of operations are affected by fluctuations in
exchange rates” and “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—We are exposed to developing market risks,
including the risks of devaluation, nationalization and inflation.”
Consequently, for many countries in EMEA and most countries in the Latin America North and Latin America South regions (particularly
Argentina and most of Brazil), volumes are usually stronger in the first and fourth quarters due to year-end festivities and the summer season in the
Southern Hemisphere, while for some countries in Latin America West and EMEA and the countries in the North America and Asia Pacific regions,
volumes tend to be stronger during the spring and summer seasons in the second and third quarters of each year.
Based on 2018 information, for example, we realized 52% of our total 2018 volumes in Europe in the second and third quarters, compared to 48%
in the first and fourth quarters of the year, whereas in Latin America South, we realized 39% of our sales volume in the second and third quarters,
compared to 61% in the first and fourth quarters.
Although such sales volume figures are the result of a range of factors in addition to weather and seasonality, they are nevertheless broadly
illustrative of the historical trend described above.
We believe that the following are our critical accounting policies. We consider an accounting policy to be critical if it is important to our financial
condition and results of operations and requires significant or complex judgments and estimates on the part of our management. Although each of our
significant accounting policies reflects judgments, assessments or estimates, we believe that the following accounting policies reflect the most critical
judgments, estimates and assumptions that are important to our business operations and the understanding of its results: revenue recognition; accounting
for business combinations and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets; pension and other post-retirement benefits; share-based compensation;
contingencies; deferred and current income taxes; and accounting for derivatives. Although we believe that our judgments, assumptions and estimates
are appropriate, actual results, under different assumptions or conditions, may differ from these estimates.
From 1 October 2016, our six geographic regions of North America, Latin America West, Latin America North, Latin America South, EMEA and
Asia Pacific plus our Global Export and Holding Companies comprise our seven segments for financial reporting purposes.
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Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016. The former SAB geographies were included in our existing six regions: Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Honduras and El Salvador
are reported together with Mexico as Latin America West, Panama is reported within Latin America North, Africa is reported together with Europe as
EMEA, and Australia, India and Vietnam are reported within Asia Pacific. Exports to countries in which we have operations following the combination
with SAB were allocated to the respective regions in the segment reporting.
We continue to report the results of Global Export and Holding Companies, which includes our global headquarters and the export businesses
which have not been allocated to the regions, and also includes the interim supply agreement with Constellation Brands, Inc. only until its termination in
December 2016.
The results of the Central and Eastern European businesses, acquired through the SAB combination exclusively with a view to resale, qualify as
discontinued operations and have been presented as such, until the successful completion of the divestiture on 31 March 2017, in our audited
consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018 included in this Form 20-F.
We stopped consolidating the results of our Russia and Ukraine businesses following the completion of their merger into AB InBev Efes on
30 March 2018. The results of AB InBev Efes are fully consolidated into Anadolu Efes. We account for our investment in AB InBev Efes under the
equity method.
In May 2018, the Argentinean peso underwent a severe devaluation resulting in Argentina’s three-year cumulative inflation exceeding 100% in
2018, thereby triggering the requirement to transition to hyperinflation accounting as prescribed by IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary
Economies as of 1 January 2018. The main principle in IAS 29 is that the financial statements of an entity that reports in the currency of a
hyperinflationary economy must be stated in terms of the measuring unit current at the end of the reporting period. Therefore, the non-monetary assets
and liabilities are stated at historical cost and the equity and the income statement of subsidiaries operating in hyperinflationary economies are restated
for changes in the general purchasing power of the local currency applying a general price index. Monetary items that are already stated at the
measuring unit at the end of the reporting period are not restated. These re-measured accounts are used for conversion into U.S. dollars at the period
closing exchange rate.
Consequently, we applied hyperinflation accounting for our Argentinean subsidiaries for the first time in 2018 applying the IAS 29 rules as
follows:
• Hyperinflation accounting was applied as of 1 January 2018;
• Non-monetary assets and liabilities were stated at historical cost (e.g., property plant and equipment, intangible assets, goodwill, etc.) and equity
was restated using an inflation index. The hyperinflation impacts resulting from changes in the general purchasing power until 31 December 2017
were reported in retained earnings and the impacts of changes in the general purchasing power from 1 January 2018 are reported through the
income statement on a dedicated account for hyperinflation monetary adjustments in the finance line;
• The income statement is adjusted at the end of each reporting period using the change in the general price index and is converted at the closing
exchange rate of each period (rather than the year-to-date average rate for non-hyperinflationary economies), thereby restating the year-to-date
income statement account for both the inflation index and currency conversion;
• The prior-year income statement and balance sheet of the Argentinean subsidiaries were not restated.
The following standards issued by the International Accounting Standards Board became effective for annual periods beginning on 1 January
2018:
• IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, which replaces IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement and contains three main topics:
classification and measurement of financial instruments, impairment of financial assets and hedge accounting. The new hedge accounting model
represents a significant overhaul of hedge accounting that aligns the accounting treatment with risk management
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activities. IFRS 9 also removes the volatility in profit or loss that was caused by changes in the credit risk of liabilities elected to be measured at
fair value. We have applied IFRS 9 as of the effective date of 1 January 2018, without restatement of the comparative information for the period
beginning 1 January 2017. Consequently, the disclosures for the comparative figures in our audited consolidated financial statements follow the
classification and measurement requirements under IAS 39. We performed an impact assessment and concluded that IFRS 9 does not impact
materially our financial position, financial performance or risk management activities. Under IFRS 9, the carrying amount of a debt should be
adjusted when a modification does not result in the derecognition of the financial instrument. Consequently, we adjusted the carrying amount of
our debt against retained earnings. This resulted in a decrease of the carrying amount of the debt by USD 77 million.
• IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The core principle of the new standard is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or
services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration (that is, payment) to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or
services. The new standard also results in enhanced disclosures about revenue, provides guidance for transactions that were not previously
addressed comprehensively (for example, service revenue and contract modifications) and improves guidance for multiple-element arrangements.
We have applied IFRS 15 as of the effective date of 1 January 2018 in accordance with the modified retrospective application. Under this
approach, the cumulative effect of initially applying IFRS 15 must be recognized as an adjustment to the opening balance of equity at the date of
initial application and comparative figures in our audited consolidated financial statements are not restated. On the implementation date, the
adjustment to the opening balance of equity resulted in a decrease of the retained earnings by USD 123 million, to reflect the changes in
accounting policies related to performance that, in accordance with IFRS 15, should be related to the transaction price underlying 2017 revenue.
Effective 1 January 2019, IFRS 16 Leases will replace the current lease accounting requirements and introduces significant changes to lessee
accounting. It requires a lessee to recognize a “right-of-use” asset and a lease liability. IFRS 16 also requires to recognize a depreciation charge related
to the “right-of-use” assets and an interest expense on the lease liabilities, as compared to the recognition of rental cost on a straight-line basis over the
lease term under the prior standard. We will apply the new IFRS 16 Leases standard for the first time when publishing financial information for the
three months ending 31 March 2019. For additional information, see note 3 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and
2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is measured based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in a contract with a customer and excludes amounts collected
on behalf of third parties. We recognize revenue when performance obligations are satisfied, meaning when we transfer control of a product to a
customer.
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Revenue from the sale of goods is measured at the amount that reflects the best estimate of the consideration expected to receive in exchange for
those goods. Contracts can include significant variable elements, such as discounts, rebates, refunds, credits, price concessions, incentives, performance
bonuses and penalties. Such trade incentives are treated as variable consideration. If the consideration includes a variable amount, we estimate the
amount of consideration to which we will be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods or services to the customer. Variable consideration
is only included in the transaction price if it is highly probable that the amount of revenue recognized would not be subject to significant future reversals
when the uncertainty is resolved.
In many jurisdictions, excise taxes make up a large proportion of the cost of beer charged to our customers. The aggregate deduction from revenue
recorded by us in relation to these taxes was approximately USD 14.8 billion, USD 15.4 billion and USD 11.6 billion for the years ended 31 December
2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Accounting for Business Combinations and Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets
We have made acquisitions that include a significant amount of goodwill and other intangible assets, including the acquisitions of Anheuser-
Busch Companies, Grupo Modelo and SAB.
As of 31 December 2018, our total goodwill amounted to USD 133.3 billion, and our intangible assets with indefinite useful lives amounted to
USD 42.4 billion.
In 2017, we completed the purchase price allocation to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of the combination with SAB,
including the allocation of goodwill to the different business units, in compliance with IFRS 3 Business Combinations. The combination with SAB
resulted in the recognition of USD 72.4 billion of goodwill allocated primarily to the businesses in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Australia, South Africa
and other African, Asia Pacific and Latin American countries. The valuation of the property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, investment in
associates, interest bearing loans and borrowings, employee benefits, other assets and liabilities and non-controlling interests was based on our best
estimate of fair value with input from independent third parties.
We apply the acquisition method of accounting to account for acquisition of businesses. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the aggregate of
the fair values at the date of exchange of the assets given, liabilities incurred and equity instruments issued. Identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent
liabilities acquired or assumed are measured separately at their fair value as of the acquisition date. The excess of the cost of the acquisition over our
interest in the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition
date carrying value of our previously held interest in the acquiree is remeasured to fair value at the acquisition date; any gains or losses arising from
such remeasurement are recognized in profit or loss. We exercise significant judgment in the process of identifying tangible and intangible assets and
liabilities, valuing such assets and liabilities and in determining their remaining useful lives. We generally engage third-party valuation firms to assist in
valuing the acquired assets and liabilities. The valuation of these assets and liabilities is based on the assumptions and criteria which include, in some
cases, estimates of future cash flows discounted at the appropriate rates. The use of different assumptions used for valuation purposes, including
estimates of future cash flows or discount rates, may have resulted in different estimates of value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Although we
believe that the assumptions applied in the determination are reasonable based on information available at the date of acquisition, actual results may
differ from the forecasted amounts, and the difference could be material.
We test our goodwill and other long-lived assets for impairment annually in the fourth quarter or whenever events and circumstances indicate that
the recoverable amount, determined as the higher of the asset’s fair value less cost to sell and value in use, of those assets is less than their carrying
amount. The testing methodology consists of applying a discounted free cash flow approach based on acquisition valuation models for our major cash-
generating units and the cash-generating units showing a high invested capital to EBITDA, as defined, multiple, and valuation multiples for our other
cash-generating units. Our cash flow estimates are based on historical results adjusted to reflect our best estimate of future market and operating
conditions. Our estimates of fair values used to determine the resulting impairment loss, if any, represent our best estimate based on forecasted cash
flows, industry trends and reference to market rates and transactions. Impairments can also occur when we decide to dispose of assets.
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The key judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the discounted free cash flow calculations are generally as follows:
• In the first three years of the model, free cash flows are based on our strategic plan as approved by key management. Our strategic plan is
prepared per cash-generating unit and is based on external sources in respect of macro-economic assumptions, industry, inflation and foreign
exchange rates, past experience and identified initiatives in terms of market share, revenue, variable and fixed cost, capital expenditure and
working capital assumptions;
• For the subsequent seven years of the model, data from the strategic plan is extrapolated generally using simplified assumptions such as macro-
economic and industry assumptions, variable cost per hectoliter and fixed cost linked to inflation, as obtained from external sources;
• Cash flows after the first 10-year period are extrapolated generally using expected annual long-term gross domestic product (GDP) growth rates,
based on external sources, in order to calculate the terminal value, considering sensitivities on this metric;
• Projections are discounted at the cash-generating unit’s weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”), considering sensitivities on this metric;
• Cost to sell is assumed to reach 2% of the entity value based on historical precedents.
For the main cash generating units, the terminal growth rate applied generally ranged between 1% and 4%.
In the sensitivity analysis performed by management, an adverse change of 1% in WACC would not cause a cash-generating unit’s carrying
amount to exceed its recoverable amount.
The above calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples, quoted share prices for publicly traded subsidiaries or other available fair value
indicators (i.e., recent market transactions from peers).
Although we believe that our judgments, assumptions and estimates are appropriate, actual results may differ from these estimates under different
assumptions or market or macroeconomic conditions.
Impairment testing of intangible assets with an indefinite useful life is based on the same methodology and assumptions as described above.
For additional information on goodwill, intangible assets, tangible assets and impairments, see notes 8, 13, 14 and 15 to our audited consolidated
financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018.
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Defined Contribution Plans
Contributions to these plans are recognized as expenses in the period in which they are incurred.
The net defined benefit plan liability recognized in the statement of financial position is measured as the current value of the estimated future cash
outflows using a discount rate equivalent to high-quality corporate bond yields with maturity terms similar to those of the obligation, less the fair value
of any plan assets. Where the calculated amount of a defined benefit plan liability is negative (an asset), we recognize such asset to the extent that
economic benefits are available to us either from refunds or reductions in future contributions.
Assumptions used to value-defined benefit liabilities are based on actual historical experience, plan demographics, external data regarding
compensation and economic trends. While we believe that our assumptions are appropriate, significant differences in our actual experience or significant
changes in our assumptions may materially affect our pension obligation and our future expense. Remeasurements, comprising actuarial gains and
losses, the effect of asset ceilings (excluding net interest) and the return on plan assets (excluding net interest) are recognized in full in the period in
which they occur in the statement of comprehensive income. For further information on how changes in these assumptions could change the amounts
recognized, see the sensitivity analysis within note 25 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the
three years ended 31 December 2018.
A significant portion of our plan assets is invested in equity and debt securities. The equity and debt markets have experienced volatility in the
recent past, which has affected the value of our pension plan assets. This volatility may impact the long-term rate of return on plan assets. Actual asset
returns that differ from the interest income recognized in our income statement are fully recognized in other comprehensive income.
Share-Based Compensation
We have various types of equity-settled share-based compensation schemes for employees. Employee services received, and the corresponding
increase in equity, are measured by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments as of the date of grant. Fair value of stock options is estimated
by using the binomial Hull model on the date of grant based on certain assumptions. Those assumptions are described in note 26 to our audited
consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018 included in this Form 20-F and
include, among others, the dividend yield, expected volatility and expected life of the stock options. The binomial Hull model assumes that all
employees would immediately exercise their options if our share price were 2.5 times above the option exercise price. As a consequence, no single
expected option life applies, whereas the assumption of the expected volatility has been set by reference to the implied volatility of our shares in the
open market and in light of historical patterns of volatility. In the determination of the expected volatility, we excluded the volatility measured during
the period 15 July 2008 to 30 April 2009 given the extreme market conditions experienced during that period.
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Contingencies
The preparation of our financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions regarding contingencies which affect the
valuation of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the revenue and expenses during the reported period.
We disclose material contingent liabilities unless the possibility of any loss arising is considered remote, and material contingent assets where the
inflow of economic benefits is probable. We discuss our material contingencies in note 32 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of
31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018.
Under IFRS, we record a provision for a loss contingency when it is probable that a future event will confirm that a liability has been incurred at
the date of the financial statements, and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. By their nature, contingencies will only be resolved when
one or more future events occur or fail to occur, and typically those events will occur over a number of years in the future. The valuations of the
provisions are adjusted as further information becomes available.
As discussed in “Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal and Arbitration
Proceedings” and in note 32 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017 and for the three years ended
31 December 2018, legal proceedings covering a wide range of matters are pending or threatened in various jurisdictions against us. We record
provisions for pending litigation when we determine that an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Due
to the inherent uncertain nature of litigation, the ultimate outcome or actual cost of settlement may materially vary from estimates.
The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset is reviewed at each balance sheet date. We reduce the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the
extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow the benefit of part or all of that deferred tax asset to be utilized.
Any such reduction is reversed to the extent that it becomes probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available. If the final outcome of these matters
differs from the amounts initially recorded, differences may positively or negatively impact the income tax and deferred tax provisions in the period in
which such determination is made.
We are subject to income tax in numerous jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining the worldwide provision for income tax.
There are some transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Some of our subsidiaries are involved in tax audits
and local enquiries, usually in relation to prior years. Investigations and negotiations with local tax authorities are ongoing in various jurisdictions at the
balance sheet date and, by their nature, these can take considerable time to conclude. In assessing the amount of any income tax provisions to be
recognized in the financial statements, estimation is made of the expected successful settlement of these matters. Estimates of interest and penalties on
tax liabilities are also recorded. Where the final outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will
impact the current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities in the period such determination is made.
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Our current and deferred taxes were impacted by the U.S. tax reform enacted on 22 December 2017, for which a USD 1.8 billion adjustment was
estimated and recognized as an exceptional gain for the year ended 31 December 2017. This USD 1.8 billion adjustment resulted mainly from the
remeasurement of the deferred tax liabilities set up in 2008 in line with IFRS as part of the purchase price accounting of the combination with Anheuser-
Busch Companies and certain deferred tax assets following the change in federal tax rate from 35% to 21%.
In 2018, we finalized the re-measurement of current and deferred taxes resulting from the U.S. tax reform enacted on 22 December 2017, based on
published regulation and guidance. Such remeasurement resulted in an adjustment of USD 0.1 billion recognized as an exceptional gain for the year
ended 31 December 2018. For additional information, see notes 12 and 18 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and
2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018.
Derivative financial instruments are recognized initially at fair value. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to
transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
Subsequent to initial recognition, derivative financial instruments are remeasured to fair value at the balance sheet date. For derivative financial
instruments that qualify for hedge accounting, we apply the following policy: for fair value hedges, changes in fair value are recorded in the income
statement and for cash flow and net investment hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in the other comprehensive income and/or in the income
statement for the effective and/or ineffective portion of the hedge relationship, respectively.
The estimated fair value amounts have been determined by us using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies.
However, considerable judgment is necessarily required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value. The fair values of financial
instruments that are not traded in an active market (for example, unlisted equities, currency options, embedded derivatives and over-the-counter
derivatives) are determined using valuation techniques. We use judgment to select an appropriate valuation methodology and underlying assumptions
based principally on existing market conditions. Changes in these assumptions may cause us to recognize impairments or losses in future periods.
Although our intention is to maintain these instruments through maturity, they may be realized at our discretion. Should these instruments be
settled only on their respective maturity dates, any effect between the market value and estimated yield curve of the instruments would be eliminated.
C. BUSINESS SEGMENTS
Both from an accounting and managerial perspective, we are organized according to business segments, which, with the exception of Global
Export and Holding Companies, correspond to a combination of geographic regions in which our operations are based. The Global Export and Holding
Companies segment includes our headquarters and the countries in which our products are sold only on an export basis and in which we generally do not
otherwise have any operations or production activities, as well as certain intra-group transactions and the interim supply agreement with Constellation
Brands, Inc. until its termination in December 2016.
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Since 1 October 2016, we have reported our financial results under the following six regions: North America, Latin America West, Latin America
North, Latin America South, EMEA and Asia Pacific. We continue to separately report the results of Global Export and Holding Companies. Our six
geographic regions plus our Global Export and Holding Companies comprise our seven segments for all financial reporting purposes. For a list of the
countries comprising our geographic reporting regions, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—3. Main Markets.”
Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
Following the transition of CCBA to The Coca-Cola Company, we no longer consolidate and report results and volumes for CCBA as of the
fourth quarter of 2017.
Following the completion of the merger of our Russia and Ukraine businesses into AB InBev Efes, we no longer consolidate or report results and
volumes of our Russia and Ukraine businesses as of the second quarter 2018.
As announced on 26 July 2018, effective 1 January 2019, we are reorganizing our regional reporting structure. Going forward, our results will be
reported under the following five regions: North America, Middle Americas, South America, EMEA, and Asia Pacific. We will continue to separately
report the results of Global Export and Holding Companies. The key changes in the company’s structure are as follows: (i) the new Middle Americas
region will combine the current Latin America West region and the Dominican Republic, Panama, Costa Rica, Guatemala and the Caribbean, which
were previously reported in Latin America North region, and (ii) the new South America region will combine the current Latin America South region
and Brazil, which was previously reported in Latin America North region.
The financial performance of each business segment, including its sales volume and revenue, is measured based on our product sales within the
countries that comprise that business segment rather than based on products manufactured within that business segment but sold elsewhere.
In 2018, Latin America North accounted for 20.3% of our consolidated volumes; North America for 19.5%; Asia Pacific for 18.4%; EMEA for
15.4%; Latin America West for 20.3%; Latin America South for 6.0%; and Global Export and Holding Companies for 0.1%. A substantial portion of
our operations is carried out through our four largest subsidiaries: Anheuser-Busch Companies (wholly owned); Ambev (61.9% owned as of
31 December 2018); Grupo Modelo (wholly owned); SAB (wholly owned); and their respective subsidiaries.
Throughout the world, we are primarily active in the beer business. However, during 2018, we also had non-beer activities (primarily consisting of
soft drinks) within Latin America North, particularly in Brazil and the Dominican Republic; within Latin America South, particularly in Argentina,
Bolivia and Uruguay; within Latin America West, particularly in El Salvador, Honduras, Colombia and Peru; and in North America, particularly with
the Hiball and Teavana business in the United States. Both the beer and non-beer volumes comprise sales of brands that we own or license, third-party
brands that we brew or otherwise produce as a subcontractor and third-party products that we sell through our distribution network.
D. EQUITY INVESTMENTS
Following the completion of the combination with SAB, we recognized interests in associates with a fair value at acquisition date of USD
4.4 billion. The main equity investments contributing to such fair value adjustments were the beverage operations with Société des Brasseries et
Glacières Internationales and B.I.H. Brasseries Internationales Holding Limited and Anadolu Efes. Following the completion of the merger of our
Russia and Ukraine businesses into AB InBev Efes, we no longer consolidate our Russia and Ukraine businesses as of the second quarter 2018 and
account for our investment in AB InBev Efes under the equity method. Upon the merger, we recognized interest in associated with a fair value of USD
1.15 billion.
See note 16 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018
for more information.
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E. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended 31 December 2018 Compared to the Year Ended 31 December 2017
The table below presents our condensed consolidated results of operations for the year ended 31 December 2018 and 2017.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
(2) For a discussion of how we use EBITDA, as defined, and its limitations, and a table showing the calculation of our EBITDA, as defined, for the
periods shown, see “—EBITDA, as defined” below.
Volumes
Our reported volumes include both beer (including near-beer) and non-beer (primarily carbonated soft drinks) volumes. In addition, volumes
include not only brands that we own or license, but also third-party brands that we brew or otherwise produce as a subcontractor and third-party
products that we sell through our distribution network, particularly in Europe. Volumes sold by the Global Export and Holding Companies businesses
are shown separately.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
Our consolidated volumes were 567.1 million hectoliters for the year ended 31 December 2018. This represented a decrease of 45.5 million
hectoliters, or 7.4%, as compared to our consolidated volumes for the year ended 31 December 2017. The results for the year ended 31 December 2018
reflect the performance of our business after the completion of certain acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2017 and 2018.
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• On 30 March 2018, we completed the 50:50 merger of our and Anadolu Efes’ existing Russia and Ukraine businesses. The combined business is
fully consolidated in the Anadolu Efes financial accounts. As a result of the transaction, we stopped consolidating our Russia and Ukraine
businesses and account for our investment in AB InBev Efes under the equity method as of that date. Additionally, on 2 May 2018, we recovered
the Budweiser distribution rights in Argentina from CCU. The transaction involved the transfer of the Isenbeck, Iguana, Diosa, Norte and Baltica
brands and other commitments to CCU Argentina. The other 2018 acquisitions and disposals mainly included the acquisition of certain craft
breweries in Europe, Australia and South Korea and the sale of the carbonated soft drink businesses in Zambia and Botswana to The Coca-Cola
Company (collectively the “2018 acquisitions and disposals”).
• The 2017 acquisitions and disposals mainly include the completion of the transition of CCBA in South Africa and the acquisition of certain craft
breweries in the United States, China, Australia and Europe (collectively, the “2017 acquisitions and disposals” and together with the 2018
acquisitions and disposals, the “2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals”). The 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals negatively impacted
our consolidated volumes by 47.2 million hectoliters for the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
For further details of these acquisitions and disposals, see “—A. Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Acquisitions, Divestitures and
Other Structural Changes.” See also note 6 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years
ended 31 December 2018 included in this Form 20-F.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above, total volumes increased 0.3% in the year
ended 31 December 2018 compared to our volumes for the year ended 31 December 2017.
North America
In the year ended 31 December 2018, our volumes in North America decreased by 2.8 million hectoliters, or 2.4%, compared to the year ended
31 December 2017.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above, our total volumes decreased by 2.5%
compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
On the same basis, we estimate that the United States industry’s beer sales-to-retailers, adjusted for the number of selling days, declined by 1.8%
in the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended 31 December 2017. We estimate that our shipment volumes in the United States and
our beer sales-to-retailers, adjusted for the number of selling days, declined by 2.6% and 2.7%, respectively, in line with our expectations that beer
sales-to-retailers and sales-to-wholesalers converge over time.
On the same basis, overall, we continue to see the progress of our commercial strategy, with an estimated decline in total market share of 40 bps in
the year ended 31 December 2018 and an estimated decline of 20 bps during the last quarter.
On the same basis, our above core portfolio continues to outperform the industry and accelerated share gains to 90 bps in the year ended
31 December 2018, as compared to 50 bps in the year ended 31 December 2017, based on our estimates, driven by Michelob Ultra, our regional craft
portfolio, the recently rebranded Bon & Viv Spiked Seltzer and our innovations in the segment. Michelob Ultra accelerated its growth during the last
quarter, solidifying its position as the top share gainer in the United Sates for the past 4 years, based on our estimates. Our 2018 innovation pipeline
contributed an estimated 50% of total industry innovation volume, up from 10% as compared to the year ended 31 December 2017, and included
Michelob Ultra Pure Gold, Bud Light Orange and the Budweiser Reserve series. These innovations performed well in the year ended 31 December 2018
and continue to gain share, based on our estimates, enhancing the premiumization of our portfolio.
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On the same basis, Budweiser and Bud Light are performing better than prior year trends within their segments, based on our estimates. However,
the core and core light segments remain under pressure, as consumers trade up to higher price tiers, contributing to Budweiser and Bud Light losing 35
bps and 80 bps of estimated total market share, respectively. Our Super Bowl advertising was in line with our strategy to strengthen the beer category.
We drove stronger consumer awareness of our premium brands and innovations including Stella Artois, Bon & Viv Spiked Seltzer, Michelob Ultra and
Michelob Ultra Pure Gold. Budweiser led the conversation on sustainability and renewable energy, and Bud Light highlighted the brand’s commitment
to quality and transparency for consumers, following our announcement in January that it would be the first brand in the United States to add a
comprehensive on-pack serving facts and ingredient label.
On the same basis, in Canada, our volumes decreased by low single digits in the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended
31 December 2017, driven primarily by a weaker beer industry and our share performance within the value segment, partially offset by the continued
success of our trade-up strategy. Our high end company (a business unit made up of a portfolio of global, specialty and craft brands across 22 countries)
is growing ahead of the industry, as Corona and Stella Artois continue to gain share, based on our estimates, and our local craft brands grew by double
digits. Our focus core and core plus brands also continue to deliver solid results, with Michelob Ultra finishing the year as the fastest-growing brand in
Canada, and with Bud Light growing estimated share for the 23rd consecutive year.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above, our total volumes increased by
mid-single digits in the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
On the same basis, our business in Mexico performed well in the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended 31 December 2017,
with volumes up by high single digits. We grew volumes in every major brand and every region in Mexico, resulting in an estimated market share gain
of 60 bps. Throughout the year, we have focused on developing our portfolio in line with the category expansion framework to clearly differentiate our
brands. This strategy has enabled all of our brands to reach record levels across the country. Our core brands are leading the way for growth with
different regional approaches, enabling Corona to grow at an accelerated pace in the Northern region and Victoria to deliver its best performance ever in
the Central region. Our premium portfolio contributed meaningfully to growth as well, led by Michelob Ultra and Stella Artois which grew by double
digits.
On the same basis, our business in Colombia saw volume growth of 3.2%, led by beer growth of 3.6% and our non-beer volumes improved by
0.2% in the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended 31 December 2017. The beer category continues to expand, as we gained an
estimated 150 bps of share of total alcohol in the year ended 31 December 2018. We continue to drive premiumization within the category, supported by
our global brand portfolio which grew by more than 75% this year, led by a strong performance from Budweiser. Our local brand portfolio also
performed well, led by Aguila’s country-wide expansion focused on promoting its national identity.
On the same basis, beer volumes in Peru decreased by low single digits and non-beer volumes decreased by high single digits in a challenging
macroeconomic environment, though the brand mix of all three global brands delivered solid growth. Ecuador volumes increased by mid-single digits
and we estimate we gained share of total alcohol as a result of successful initiatives across the beer category, led by Pilsener and Club Premium and
continued growth of the global brands.
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Latin America North
In the year ended 31 December 2018, our volumes in Latin America North decreased by 4.4 million hectoliters, or 3.7%, compared to the year
ended 31 December 2017, with our beer volumes decreasing 2.1% and soft drinks decreasing 8.5%.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above, our volumes decreased by 3.5%.
On the same basis, our Brazil business saw total volumes decreasing by 4.4% in the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended
31 December 2017, with beer volumes decreasing by 3.1% and non-beer volumes decreasing by 8.7%.
On the same basis, we estimate we lost 40 bps of market share in the year ended 31 December 2018 after gaining approximately 60 bps market
share in the year ended 31 December 2017. During the last quarter of 2018, we estimate that we outperformed the beer industry although our beer
volumes decreased by low single digits as compared to the same period last year.
On the same basis, based on our estimates, we gained share in the premium segment in the year ended 31 December 2018, driven by our global
brand portfolio which grew by more than 30%. Budweiser grew volumes by more than 25%, Stella Artois was up by more than 40% and Corona led the
way as one of the fastest growing brands in the country, up by more than 75% in the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended
31 December 2017. Our core plus portfolio also delivered strong double digit growth, with Bohemia, Brahma Extra and Skol Hops performing very
well.
On the same basis, we successfully launched two brands in 2018 brewed with cassava grown by local farmers, which offer consumers an
accessible price point while delivering comparable margins to our core portfolio. Nossa was launched in the third quarter of 2018 in Pernambuco and we
estimated it gained 5 percentage points of market share in the state by the end of the year ended 31 December 2018. Applying the lesson from this early
success, we launched Magnífica in the state of Maranhão in December, and we continue to explore additional opportunities to scale this initiative
throughout relevant states for the segment.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above, our volumes declined by low single
digits in the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
On the same basis, in Argentina, volumes declined by low single digits in the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended
31 December 2017, due largely to the consumption contraction resulting from challenging macroeconomic conditions. Despite the tough operating
environment, we saw some encouraging trends in the industry and our portfolio. The beer category continues to gain share of throat from other alcoholic
beverages, gaining over 3 percentage points in the year ended 31 December 2018, based on our estimates. Our premium brands are doing well, gaining
an estimated share in a growing segment of the industry, driven by Patagonia and Corona, and we continue to scale up Budweiser after reacquiring the
rights to the brand in the first half of 2018. We also successfully repositioned our two largest brands in the country, Quilmes Clásica and Brahma,
leading to an improved performance of our core portfolio.
EMEA
In EMEA, our volumes, including subcontracted volumes, for the year ended 31 December 2018 decreased by 44.5 million hectoliters, or 33.8%,
compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
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Excluding volume changes attributable to the 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above, our beer volumes for the year ended
31 December 2018 increased by low single digits compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
On the same basis, our beer volumes in South Africa declined by mid-single digits in the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year
ended 31 December 2017. The macroeconomic and consumer environment in South Africa was challenging this year. The VAT increase as of 1 April
2018, numerous petrol price increases and rising unemployment levels continued to have a negative impact on consumer disposable income, which put
disproportionate pressure on the core segment where our portfolio is over-indexed. Despite the challenging environment in the country, our premium
portfolio grew by triple digits, and we estimate we gained 10 percentage points of market share in the high end segment, benefitting from the launch of
the Budweiser 660ml pack and a very strong FIFA World Cup RussiaTM execution. During the last quarter of 2018, Castle Lite returned to growth
following the resolution of the out of stock challenge, posting volumes increase of mid-single digits. In the core segment, which still accounts for the
vast majority of our volumes and was held back by a challenging macroeconomic environment, our share remains broadly unchanged, and toward the
end of 2018 we saw an improved performance in volume.
On the same basis, beer volumes in Africa, excluding South Africa, grew by low single digits, with significant volume growth in Zambia and
Mozambique, where we achieved record high market share in the last quarter of 2018, based on our estimates. Our growth in Nigeria accelerated in the
year ended 31 December 2018 following the introduction of our new brewery mid-year to meet demand, with double digit volume growth and continued
market share gains, based on our estimates. Additionally, we have seen early signs of success of our introduction into the premium segment, led by
Budweiser. However, beer volumes remained flat in Tanzania and were down by mid-single digits in Uganda, as a result of capacity constraints and a
challenging macroeconomic environment.
On the same basis, Western Europe grew volumes by low-single digits, with strong execution associated with the 2018 FIFA World Cup
RussiaTM. Global brands performed well, and Budweiser’s growth was supported by tournament activations. Corona’s growth was supported by Casa
Corona in France and Spain, as well as the Corona Sunset Festivals in the United Kingdom and Italy. The United Kingdom and Spain led the way with
market share growth across the region, based on our estimates.
Asia Pacific
For the year ended 31 December 2018, our volumes increased by 2.3 million hectoliters, or 2.2%, compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above, our beer volumes for the year ended
31 December 2018 increased by low single digits compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
On the same basis, our volumes in China grew by 2.5% in the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended 31 December 2017. Our
super premium brands continued to grow significantly, supported by a strong overall performance of our e-commerce business. Budweiser also grew by
mid-single digits supported by premiumization efforts which expanded beyond the music platform into fashion and broader lifestyle activations.
On the same basis, volumes in Australia decreased by low single digits in the year ended 31 December 2018, due to a softer industry performance
amidst declining consumer confidence compared to the year ended 31 December 2017. Great Northern remains a key engine of growth, with continued
double-digit growth of both Original and Super Crisp variants. Our craft acquisitions continue to grow in strength with double-digit volume growth in
the year ended 31 December 2018. Additionally, Budweiser was brewed locally for the first time and played a key role in the 2018 FIFA World Cup
RussiaTM activations. In the last quarter of 2018, we further strengthened our portfolio with the launch of our first non-alcohol beer, Carlton Zero.
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Global Export and Holding Companies
For the year ended 31 December 2018, Global Export and Holding Companies volumes decreased by 0.9 million hectoliters. The change in
volume performance mainly resulted from the reallocation of export volumes to the Latin America South region.
Revenue
Revenue refers to turnover less excise taxes and discounts. See “—A. Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Excise Taxes.” In
accordance with IFRS rules, we are required to apply hyperinflation accounting in Argentina as of 1 January 2018. See “—Key Factors Affecting
Results of Operations—Foreign Currency” for more information.
The following table reflects changes in revenue across our business segments for the year ended 31 December 2018, as compared to our revenue
for the year ended 31 December 2017.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
Our consolidated revenue was USD 54,619 million for the year ended 31 December 2018. This represented a decrease of USD 1,825 million, or
3.2%, as compared to our consolidated revenue for the year ended 31 December 2017. The results for the year ended 31 December 2018 reflect the
performance of our business after the 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals, currency translation effects and the adoption of hyperinflation
accounting in our Argentinean operations.
• The 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals and the adoption of hyperinflation accounting in our Argentinean operations negatively impacted
our consolidated revenue by USD 2,600 million (net) for the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
• Our consolidated revenue for the year ended 31 December 2018 also reflects an unfavorable currency translation impact of USD 1,816 million
mainly arising from currency translation effects in Latin America South and Latin America North.
Excluding the effects of the 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above, the adoption of hyperinflation accounting in our
Argentinean operations and currency translation effects, our revenue increased 4.8% and increased by 4.5% on a per hectoliter basis, in the year ended
31 December 2018 compared to the year ended 31 December 2017, driven by our revenue management initiatives and brand mix, as we continue to
implement our premiumization strategies around the world. Our consolidated revenue for the year ended 31 December 2018 was partly impacted by the
developments in volumes discussed above.
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On the same basis, the main business segments contributing to growth in our consolidated revenues were: (i) Latin America West, driven by the
good performance of our brand portfolio, (ii) Latin America South, as a result of high inflation and (iii) Asia Pacific, driven by continued
premiumization.
Combined revenues of our three global brands grew by 9.0% in 2018, with global revenues for Budweiser growing by 5.3%, for Stella Artois by
5.2% and for Corona by 17.6%.
Cost of Sales
The following table reflects changes in the cost of sales across our business segments for the year ended 31 December 2018 as compared to the
year ended 31 December 2017:
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
Our consolidated cost of sales was USD 20,359 million for the year ended 31 December 2018. This represented a decrease of USD 1,027 million,
or 4.8%, as compared to our consolidated cost of sales for the year ended 31 December 2017. The results for the year ended 31 December 2018 reflect
the performance of our business after certain acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2017 and 2018, currency translation effects and the adoption of
hyperinflation accounting in our Argentinean operations.
• The 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals, and the adoption of hyperinflation accounting in our Argentinean operations positively
impacted our consolidated cost of sales by USD 1,373 million for the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the year ended
31 December 2017.
• Our consolidated cost of sales for the year ended 31 December 2018 also reflects a positive currency translation impact of USD 592 million
mainly arising from currency translation effects in Latin America North.
Excluding the effects of the 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above, the adoption of hyperinflation accounting in our
Argentinean operations and currency translation effects, our consolidated cost of sales increased by 4.7%, primarily driven by an increase in commodity
prices, partially offset by synergy delivery. Our consolidated cost of sales for the year ended 31 December 2018 was partly impacted by the
developments in volumes discussed above. On the same basis, our consolidated cost of sales per hectoliter increased by 4.3%.
Operating Expenses
The discussion below relates to our operating expenses, which equal the sum of our distribution expenses, sales and marketing expenses,
administrative expenses and other operating income and expenses (net), for the year ended 31 December 2018 as compared to the year ended
31 December 2017. Our operating expenses do not include exceptional charges, which are reported separately.
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Our operating expenses for the year ended 31 December 2018 were USD 16,438 million, representing a decrease of USD 807 million, or 4.7%
compared to our operating expenses for 2017.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
The following table reflects changes in our distribution expenses, sales and marketing expenses and administrative expenses (our “selling, general
and administrative expenses”) across our business segments for the year ended 31 December 2018 as compared to the year ended 31 December 2017:
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
Our consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses were USD 17,118 million for the year ended 31 December 2018. This represented a
decrease of USD 981 million, or 5.4%, as compared to the year ended 31 December 2017. The results for the year ended 31 December 2018 reflect the
performance of our business after the completion of certain acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2017 and 2018, currency translation effects and
the adoption of hyperinflation accounting in our Argentinean operations.
• The 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above and the adoption of hyperinflation accounting in our Argentinean operations
positively impacted our consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses by USD 603 million for the year ended 31 December
2018 compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
• Our consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended 31 December 2018 also reflect a positive currency
translation impact of USD 443 million.
Excluding the effects of the business acquisitions and disposals described above, currency translation effects and the adoption of hyperinflation
accounting in our Argentinean operations, our consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses in the year ended 31 December 2018 remained
in line compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
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Other Operating Income/(Expenses)
The following table reflects changes in other operating income and expenses across our business segments for the year ended 31 December 2018
as compared to the year ended 31 December 2017:
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
The net positive effect of our other operating income and expenses for the year ended 31 December 2018 was USD 680 million. This represented
a decrease of USD 174 million, or 20.4%, compared to the year ended 31 December 2017. The results for the year ended 31 December 2018 reflect the
performance of our business after the completion of certain acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2017 and 2018, currency translation effects and
the adoption of hyperinflation accounting in our Argentinean operations.
• The 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above and the adoption of hyperinflation accounting in our Argentinean operations
negatively impacted our net consolidated other operating income and expenses by USD 112 million for the year ended 31 December 2018
compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
• Our net consolidated other operating income and expenses for the year ended 31 December 2018 also reflect a negative currency translation
impact of USD 46 million.
Excluding the effects of the business acquisitions and disposals, currency translation effects and the adoption of hyperinflation accounting in our
Argentinean operations described above, our net consolidated other operating income and expenses would have decreased by 2.2% for the year ended
31 December 2018 as compared to the year ended 31 December 2017, driven primarily by lower gains on disposals.
Exceptional Items
Exceptional items are items which, in our management’s judgment, need to be disclosed separately by virtue of their size and incidence in order to
obtain a proper understanding of our financial information. We consider these items to be significant in nature, and, accordingly, our management has
excluded these items from their segment measure of performance.
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For the year ended 31 December 2018, exceptional items included in profit from operations consisted of restructuring charges, acquisition costs of
business combinations and business and asset disposal. Exceptional items were as follows for the years ended 31 December 2018 and 2017:
Restructuring
Exceptional restructuring charges amounted to a net cost of USD 385 million for the year ended 31 December 2018 as compared to a net cost of
USD 468 million for the year ended 31 December 2017. These charges primarily relate to the SAB integration. These changes aim to eliminate overlap
or duplicated processes, taking into account the right match of employee profiles with new organizational requirements. These one-time expenses, as a
result of the series of decisions, provide us with a lower cost base in addition to a stronger focus on our core activities, quicker decision-making and
improvements to efficiency, service and quality.
Business and asset disposals amounted to a net cost of USD 26 million for the year ended 31 December 2018, mainly attributable to the IFRS
treatment of the 50:50 merger of AB InBev’s and Anadolu Efes’ Russia and Ukraine businesses and related transaction cost. See also note 6 to our
audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018 included in this Form
20-F.
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Year ended Year ended
31 December 2018 31 December 2017 Change
(USD millions) (%)(1)
Asia Pacific 2,265 1,939 16.8
Global Export and Holding Companies (1,042) (1,071) 2.7
Total 17,106 17,152 (0.3)
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
Our profit from operations amounted to USD 17,106 million for the year ended 31 December 2018. This represented a decrease of USD
46 million, or 0.3%, as compared to our profit from operations for the year ended 31 December 2017. The results for the year ended 31 December 2018
reflect the performance of our business after the completion of certain acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2017 and 2018, currency translation
effects and the effects of certain exceptional items as described above.
• The 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and disposals described above and the adoption of hyperinflation accounting in our Argentinean operations
negatively impacted our consolidated profit from operations by USD 739 million for the year ended 31 December 2018 compared to the
year ended 31 December 2017.
• Our consolidated profit from operations for the year ended 31 December 2018 also reflects a negative currency translation impact of USD
874 million.
• Our profit from operations for the year ended 31 December 2018 was negatively impacted by USD 715 million of certain exceptional items,
as compared to a negative impact of USD 662 million for the year ended 31 December 2017. See “—Exceptional Items” above for a
description of the exceptional items during the years ended 31 December 2018 and 2017.
Excluding the effects of the business acquisitions and disposals described above, currency translation effects and the adoption of hyperinflation
accounting in our Argentinean operations, our profit from operations increased by 9.4%.
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EBITDA, as defined
The following table reflects changes in our EBITDA, as defined, for the year ended 31 December 2018 as compared to the year ended
31 December 2017:
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
A performance measure such as EBITDA, as defined, is a non-IFRS measure. The financial measure most directly comparable to EBITDA, as
defined, and presented in accordance with IFRS in our consolidated financial statements, is profit of the year. EBITDA, as defined, is a measure used by
our management to evaluate our business performance and is defined as profit from operations before depreciation, amortization and impairment.
EBITDA, as defined, is a key component of the measures that are provided to senior management on a monthly basis at the group level, the business
segment level and lower levels. We believe EBITDA, as defined, is useful to investors for the following reasons.
We believe EBITDA, as defined, facilitates comparisons of our operating performance across our business segments from period to period. In
comparison to profit of the year, EBITDA, as defined, excludes items which do not impact the day-to-day operation of our primary business (that is, the
selling of beer and other operational businesses) and over which management has little control. Items excluded from EBITDA, as defined, are our share
of results of associates and joint ventures, profit from discontinued operations, depreciation and amortization, impairment, financial charges and
corporate income taxes, which management does not consider to be items that drive our underlying business performance. Because EBITDA, as
defined, includes only items management can directly control or influence, it forms part of the basis for many of our performance targets. For example,
certain options under our share-based compensation plan were granted such that they vest only when certain targets derived from EBITDA, as defined,
were met.
We further believe that EBITDA, as defined, and measures derived from it, are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other
interested parties in their evaluation of us and in comparison to other companies, many of which present an EBITDA performance measure when
reporting their results.
EBITDA, as defined, does, however, have limitations as an analytical tool. It is not a recognized term under IFRS and does not purport to be an
alternative to profit as a measure of operating performance, or to cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. As a result, you should
not consider EBITDA, as defined, in isolation from, or as a substitute analysis for, our results of operations. Some limitations of EBITDA, as defined,
are:
• EBITDA, as defined, does not reflect the impact of financing costs on our operating performance. Such costs are significant in light of our
increased debt subsequent to the combination with SAB;
• EBITDA, as defined, does not reflect depreciation and amortization, but the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be
replaced in the future;
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• EBITDA, as defined, does not reflect the impact of charges for existing capital assets or their replacements;
• EBITDA, as defined, does not reflect our tax expense; and
• EBITDA, as defined, may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies because not all companies use identical
calculations.
Additionally, EBITDA, as defined, is not intended to be a measure of free cash flow for management’s discretionary use, as it is not adjusted for
all non-cash income or expense items that are reflected in our consolidated statement of cash flows.
We compensate for these limitations, in addition to using EBITDA, as defined, by relying on our results calculated in accordance with IFRS.
Our EBITDA, as defined, amounted to USD 21,366 million for the year ended 31 December 2018. This represented a decrease of USD
63 million, or 0.3%, as compared to our EBITDA, as defined, for the year ended 31 December 2017. The results for the year ended 31 December 2018
reflect the performance of our business after the completion of the acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2017 and 2018 discussed above, currency
translation effects and the adoption of hyperinflation accounting in our Argentinean operations. Furthermore, our EBITDA, as defined, was negatively
impacted by USD 715 million (before impairment losses) of certain exceptional items in the year ended 31 December 2018, as compared to a negative
impact of USD 662 million (before impairment losses) during the year ended 31 December 2017. See “—Exceptional Items” above for a description of
the exceptional items during the years ended 31 December 2018 and 2017.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
Our net finance cost for the year ended 31 December 2018 was USD 8,729 million, as compared to USD 6,507 million for the year ended
31 December 2017, representing a cost increase of USD 2,222 million.
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The increase in net finance costs before exceptional financial items is driven primarily by a negative mark-to-market adjustment of USD
1,774 million in 2018, linked to the hedging of our share-based payment program, compared to a negative mark-to-market adjustment of USD
291 million for the period ended 31 December 2017.
The number of shares covered by the hedging of our share-based payment programs, and the opening and closing share prices are as follows:
Exceptional net finance costs include a negative mark-to-market adjustment of USD 1,722 million on derivative instruments entered into to hedge
the shares issued in relation to the combination with Grupo Modelo and SAB, compared to a total negative mark-to-market adjustment of USD
288 million for the period ended 31 December 2017. The number of shares covered by the hedging of the deferred share instrument and the Restricted
Shares, together with the opening and closing share prices, are shown below:
Other exceptional net finance costs of USD 260 million in 2018 mainly result from premiums paid on the early termination of certain bonds and to
non-cash foreign exchange losses on intragroup loans that were historically reported in equity and were recycled from equity to profit and loss account
upon reimbursement of these loans.
The 2018 taxes were negatively impacted by losses from certain derivatives related to hedging of share-based payment programs and the hedging
of the shares issued in a transaction related to the combination with Grupo Modelo and SAB, as well as changes in tax legislation in some countries
resulting in additional non-deductible expenses in 2018.
The 2017 taxes were positively impacted by a USD 1.8 billion adjustment recognized as an exceptional gain following the U.S. tax reform enacted
on 22 December 2017. This USD 1.8 billion adjustment resulted mainly from the remeasurement of the deferred tax liabilities set up in 2008 in line with
IFRS as part of the purchase price accounting of the combination with Anheuser Busch and certain deferred tax assets following the change in federal
tax rate from 35% to 21%.
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This impact was partially offset by Ambev and certain of its subsidiaries joining the Brazilian Federal Tax Regularization Program in September
2017 whereby Ambev committed to pay some tax contingencies that were under dispute, totaling BRL 3.5 billion (USD 1.1 billion), with BRL
1.0 billion (USD 0.3 billion) paid in 2017 and the remaining amount payable in 145 monthly installments starting January 2018, plus interest. Within
these contingencies, a dispute related to presumed taxation at Ambev’s subsidiary CRBS was not provided for until September 2017 as the loss was
assessed as possible. The total amount recognized in 2017 as exceptional is BRL 2.9 billion (USD 0.9 billion) of which BRL 2.8 billion (USD 0.9
billion) is reported as exceptional income tax cost and BRL 141 million (USD 44 million) is reported as exceptional financial cost.
In 2018, we finalized the re-measurement of current and deferred taxes resulting from the U.S. tax reform enacted on 22 December 2017, based on
published regulation and guidance. Such remeasurement resulted in an adjustment of USD 0.1 billion recognized as an exceptional income tax gain for
the year ended 31 December 2018. For additional information, see notes 12 and 18 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December
2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018.
The merger of Beverage Associates Holding Limited into Ambev in August 2006 generated benefits related to goodwill amortization. See “Item
7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions—Ambev Special Goodwill Reserve.” The impact of the tax
deductible goodwill resulting from the merger of Beverage Associates Holding Limited into Ambev in August 2006 and other mergers was to reduce
income tax expense for the year ended 31 December 2017 by USD 53 million. In October 2013 and June 2016, Ambev received a tax assessment related
to the goodwill amortization resulting from the merger of Beverage Associates Holding Limited into Ambev. See “Item 8. Financial Information—A.
Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal and Arbitration Proceedings—Ambev and Its Subsidiaries—Tax
Matters—Special Goodwill Reserve” for further information.
We benefit from tax-exempted income and tax credits which are expected to continue in the future. We do not have significant benefits coming
from low tax rates in any particular jurisdiction.
Excluding the after-tax impact of exceptional items discussed above and the impact of discontinued operations, profit attributable to our equity
holders for the year ended 31 December 2018 would have been USD 6,793 million, and basic earnings per share would have been USD 3.44.
Underlying EPS for the year ended 31 December 2018 was USD 4.38 compared to USD 4.19 in the same period last year. Underlying EPS is
basic earnings per share excluding the after-tax exceptional items discussed above, the impact of discontinued operations, the mark-to-market of the
hedging of our share-based payment programs and the impacts of hyperinflation.
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The decrease in profit attributable to our equity holders in the year ended 31 December 2018 was primarily due to a higher negative
mark-to-market adjustment linked to the hedging of our share-based payment programs and higher exceptional net finance cost in the year ended
31 December 2018 compared to the year ended 31 December 2017.
A performance measure such as Underlying EPS is a non-IFRS measure. The measure most directly comparable to Underlying EPS and presented
in accordance with IFRS in our consolidated financial statements is basic earnings per share. We believe Underlying EPS is useful to investors because
it facilitates comparisons of our earnings per share from period to period. In comparison with basic earnings per share, Underlying EPS excludes items
which are exceptional and over which management has no control, such as the effects of hyperinflation of Argentina. Items excluded from Underlying
EPS are the after-tax exceptional items discussed above, the impact of discontinued operations, the mark-to-market of the hedging of our share-based
payment programs and the impacts of hyperinflation.
Underlying EPS, however, has limitations as an analytical tool. It is not a recognized term under IFRS and does not purport to be an alternative to
earnings per share as a measure of operating performance on a per share basis. As a result, you should not consider Underlying EPS in isolation from, or
as a substitute analysis for, our basic and diluted earnings per share. Some limitations of Underlying EPS are:
• Underlying EPS does not reflect items which are exceptional and over which management has no control, such as the effects of
hyperinflation in Argentina;
• Underlying EPS does not reflect the impact of discontinued operations;
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• Underlying EPS does not reflect the mark-to-market adjustment of the hedging of our share-based payment programs;
• Underlying EPS may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies because not all companies use identical
calculations; and
• the adjustments made in calculating Underlying EPS are those that management consider are not representative of the underlying operations
of the company and therefore are subjective in nature.
We compensate for these limitations, in addition to using Underlying EPS, by relying on our measures of earnings per share calculated in
accordance with IFRS.
IAS 29 requires us to report the results of our operations in hyperinflationary economies as if these were highly inflationary as of 1 January 2018,
and to restate the results for the twelve-month period ended 31 December 2018 for the change in the general purchasing power of the local currency,
using official indices before converting the local amounts at the closing rate of the period, namely 31 December closing rate for our results in the
twelve-month period ended 31 December 2018.
In the twelve-month period ended 31 December 2018, we are reporting USD 246 million negative impact of hyperinflation accounting on our
consolidated revenue and USD 144 million negative impact on our EBITDA, as defined, before exceptional items. The hyperinflation accounting
adjustment in the twelve-month period ended 31 December 2018 results from the combined effect of the indexation to reflect changes in purchasing
power on the results for the twelve-month period ended 31 December 2018 and the translation of those results at the closing rate of the period, rather
than the average year-to-date rate applied both to the results previously disclosed and the results of the full year 2018.
Year ended
31 December 2018
(USD million)
Indexation 258
Closing rate (504)
Total (246)
The hyperinflation accounting adjustments on our EBITDA, as defined, before exceptional items, are as follows:
Year ended
31 December 2018
(USD million)
Indexation 108
Closing rate (252)
Total (144)
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Non-monetary assets and liabilities stated at historical cost (e.g. property plant and equipment, intangible assets, goodwill, etc.) and equity of
Argentina were restated using an inflation index. The impacts of changes in the general purchasing power from 1 January 2018 are reported through the
income statement on a dedicated account for hyperinflation monetary adjustments in the finance line. See also note 11 to our audited consolidated
financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018 included in this Form 20-F.
Our income statement is also adjusted at the end of each reporting period using the change in the general price index and is converted at the
closing exchange rate of each period (rather than the year-to-date average rate for non-hyperinflationary economies), thereby restating the year to date
income statement account both for inflation index and currency conversion.
In the year ended 31 December 2018, the transition to hyperinflation accounting in accordance with IFRS rules resulted in a positive USD
46 million monetary adjustment reported in the finance line, a negative impact on the Profit attributable to our equity holders of USD 77 million and a
negative impact on Earnings per share excluding exceptional items and discontinued operations of USD 0.04.
Year Ended 31 December 2017 Compared to the Year Ended 31 December 2016
The table below presents our condensed consolidated results of operations for the year ended 31 December 2017 and 2016. Following completion
of the combination with SAB, we are consolidating SAB and reporting results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of the fourth quarter of
2016.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
(2) For a discussion of how we use EBITDA, as defined, and its limitations, and a table showing the calculation of our EBITDA, as defined, for the
periods shown, see “—EBITDA, as defined” below.
Volumes
Our reported volumes include both beer (including near beer) and non-beer (primarily carbonated soft drinks) volumes. In addition, volumes
include not only brands that we own or license, but also third-party brands that we brew or otherwise produce as a subcontractor and third-party
products that we sell through our distribution network, particularly in Europe. Volumes sold by the Global Export and Holding Companies businesses
are shown separately. Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB
operations as of the fourth quarter of 2016.
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The table below summarizes the volume evolution by business segment.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
Our consolidated volumes were 612.6 million hectoliters for the year ended 31 December 2017. This represented an increase of 112.3 million
hectoliters, or 22.5%, as compared to our consolidated volumes for the year ended 31 December 2016. The results for the year ended 31 December 2017
reflect the performance of our business after the completion of certain acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2016 and 2017.
• The combination with SAB, which was included as from the fourth quarter of 2016 within our consolidated results, increased our volumes
by 127.4 million hectoliters in the first nine months of 2017. The acquisition of the SAB retained businesses primarily affects our EMEA,
Latin America West and Asia Pacific regions, and, to a lesser degree, our Latin America North region.
• 2017 acquisitions and disposals mainly include the completion of the transition of CCBA and the acquisition of certain craft breweries in the
United States, China, Australia and Europe. The other 2016 acquisitions and disposals mainly include the acquisition of certain craft
breweries in the United States, Canada, Europe and the Caribbean and the disposal of a brewery in Germany. These 2016 and 2017
transactions negatively impacted our volumes, in the aggregate, by 15.5 million hectoliters (net) for the year ended 31 December 2017
compared to the year ended 31 December 2016.
For further details of these acquisitions and disposals, see “—A. Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Acquisitions, Divestitures and
Other Structural Changes.” See also note 6 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2017 and 2016, and for the three years
ended 31 December 2017 included in this Form 20-F.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the combination with SAB and the acquisitions and disposals described above, total volumes increased
0.1% in the year ended 31 December 2017 compared to our volumes for the year ended 31 December 2016.
North America
In the year ended 31 December 2017, our volumes in North America decreased by 3.3 million hectoliters, or 2.9%, compared to the year ended
31 December 2016.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the other acquisitions and disposals described above, our total volumes decreased by 3.3% compared to
the year ended 31 December 2016.
On the same basis, we estimate that the United States industry’s beer sales-to-retailers adjusted for the number of selling days declined by 1.3% in
the year ended 31 December 2017 compared to the year ended 31 December 2016. We estimate that our shipment volumes in the United States and our
beer sales-to-retailers adjusted for the number of selling days declined by 3.5% and 3.0%, respectively. Our beer sales-to-wholesalers caught-up in the
fourth quarter from the third quarter’s disruption caused by major hurricanes, in line with our expectations that beer sales-to-retailers and
sales-to-wholesalers converge over time.
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Our above premium brand portfolio continued to perform well, gaining approximately 45 bps of total market share in the year ended 31 December
2017, based on our estimates. Michelob Ultra led the growth in this segment, with volumes up by double-digits, continuing its run as the top share
gainer in the US for the eleventh consecutive quarter. We continue to fuel the momentum behind Michelob Ultra and launched a new line extension
named Pure Gold. Stella Artois performed well, gaining share and continuing to build on its partnership with Water.org to provide clean water to
millions of people in the developing world. Our regional craft portfolio also performed well, growing volume and share, based on our estimates, in the
year ended 31 December 2017.
The premium and premium light segments underperformed the industry. Budweiser and Bud Light market share declined by an estimated 40 bps
and 85 bps of share, respectively. Our value brand portfolio showed improved trends in the year ended 31 December 2017, with the Busch brand family
and Bud Ice leading the way.
We continue to strengthen and expand our presence beyond traditional beer, with our recent bets in the non-alcohol space and Bon & Viv Spiked
Seltzer gaining momentum, as we leverage our strong wholesaler network to meet evolving consumer needs.
We estimate a decline in total market share in the United States of approximately 75 bps in the year ended 31 December 2017.
In Canada, our volumes decreased by low single digits in the year ended 31 December 2017 compared to the last year due to a challenging
industry environment. We estimate that we are now the market leader in every category segment in the country. Bud Light remained the fastest growing
brand in Canada, completing its 22nd consecutive year of market share growth based on our estimates. Our portfolio mix continues to improve,
bolstered by growth in our craft portfolio and Stella Artois, and we believe that we continue to lead the Near Beer segment with our cider brands and
ready-to-drink innovations.
In the year ended 31 December 2017, our volumes in Latin America West increased by 47.0 million hectoliters, or 73.9%, compared to the year
ended 31 December 2016.
The combination with SAB, which was included as from the fourth quarter of 2016 within our consolidated results for the years ended
31 December 2017 and 2016, increased our volumes by 45.9 million hectoliters in the first nine months of 2017.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the combination with SAB and the other acquisitions and disposals described above, our total volumes
increased by low single digits in the year ended 31 December 2017 compared to the year ended 31 December 2016.
On the same basis, our business in Mexico delivered another solid year, with volumes up by mid-single digits. Our full brand portfolio performed
well, with Victoria building upon its strong momentum, driven by the ongoing success of its Mexican heritage positioning. Corona also performed well,
enhancing its customer proposition through an improved brand look as well as by owning key dates and passion points. Bud Light continued to grow
volumes throughout the country, leveraging successful sports and music activations. We also saw success from our premium portfolio with Michelob
Ultra and Stella Artois leading the way.
On a year-over-year basis and for the Combined Group, our Colombian volumes declined by low single digits. On the same basis, our non-beer
volumes performed very well, growing by double digits as a result of commercial initiatives and a favorable comparable. Our beer volumes declined by
mid-single digits due to a challenging macroeconomic environment and tough comparable in the first six months of 2017.
On the same year-over-year basis for the Combined Group, volumes in Peru grew by low single digits, driven by our commercial initiatives, with
Cristal leveraging a key cultural moment by capitalizing on the country’s World Cup qualification. On the same basis, Ecuador volumes grew by low
single digits. Through packaging innovations as well as the launch of our three global brands, we estimate that we gained share of total alcohol in the
year ended 31 December 2017 and offered consumers more choice across a variety of price points.
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Latin America North
In the year ended 31 December 2017, our volumes in Latin America North increased by 1.3 million hectoliters, or 1.2%, compared to the year
ended 31 December 2016, with our beer volumes increasing 2.7% and soft drinks decreasing 3.5%.
The combination with SAB, which was included as from the fourth quarter of 2016 within our consolidated results for the years ended
31 December 2017 and 2016, increased our volumes by 2.1 million hectoliters in the first nine months of 2017.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the combination with SAB and the other acquisitions and disposals described above, our volumes
decreased by 0.6%.
On the same basis, our Brazil business saw total volumes decreasing by low single digits in the year ended 31 December 2017 compared to the
year ended 31 December 2016, with beer volumes increasing by low single digits, whereas the beer industry according to Nielsen was slightly negative,
and soft drinks volumes decreasing by mid-single digits. Our premium portfolio continued broad-based, double-digit growth fueled by our three global
brands, especially Budweiser.
Argentina delivered a very strong performance with high single digits total volume growth, with our beer volumes increasing by double-digits,
fueled by the repositioning of Brahma as well as the successful launch of Quilmes Clasica, brewed using a classic recipe with no additives and focusing
on national pride. Our premium portfolio, led by Stella Artois, Corona and local craft brand Patagonia, accelerated its growth and fueled positive mix.
Our soft drink portfolio also performed well as a result of a new commercial and portfolio strategy, growing volumes and achieving its best result in
more than six years.
EMEA
In EMEA, our volumes, including subcontracted volumes, for the year ended 31 December 2017 increased by 56.3 million hectoliters, or 74.8%,
compared to the year ended 31 December 2016.
The combination with SAB, which was included as from the fourth quarter of 2016 within our consolidated results for the years ended
31 December 2017 and 2016, increased our volumes by 71.3 million hectoliters in the first nine months of 2017.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the combination with SAB and the other acquisitions and disposals described above, our beer volumes
for the year ended 31 December 2017 increased by low single digits compared to the year ended 31 December 2016.
On a year-over-year basis and for the Combined Group, our beer volumes in South Africa grew by 0.9%. Our high end portfolio, led by Stella
Artois, Corona and the recent seeding of Budweiser, showed consistent growth in volumes and market share gains throughout the year ended
31 December 2017. In the near beer segment, Flying Fish recorded over 60% growth in the year ended 31 December 2017. In the core plus segment,
Castle Lite had another year of consistent growth.
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Continuously investing in innovation, we introduced several new packages and products this year. Some especially noteworthy launches in the
fourth quarter of 2017 include the one-liter bottle, which establishes a new multi-serve pack size at an attractive price point within the core brand
segment, and Castle Free, enabling us to compete in the non-alcohol beer segment with exciting implications for the image and health of the beer
category.
On a year-over-year basis and for the Combined Group, beer volumes in Africa excluding South Africa grew in the mid-teens, fueled by double-
digit growth in the majority of the countries in which we operate, including Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia, as we continue to expand our
offerings to consumers through both affordability and premiumization strategies.
Western Europe achieved market share gains in most of our markets. The United Kingdom performed well, helped in large part by the strong
performances of our three global brands. In Eastern Europe, volumes declined driven by the ongoing headwind of the large PET ban in Russia.
However, our global and premium brands continued their strong growth.
Asia Pacific
For the year ended 31 December 2017, our volumes increased by 9.7 million hectoliters, or 10.5%, compared to the year ended 31 December
2016.
The combination with SAB, which was included as from the fourth quarter of 2016 within our consolidated results for the years ended
31 December 2017 and 2016, increased our volumes by 8.1 million hectoliters in the first nine months of 2017.
Excluding volume changes attributable to the combination with SAB and the other acquisitions and disposals described above, our total volumes
increased by low single digits compared to the year ended 31 December 2016.
In China, our volumes grew by low single digits in the year ended 31 December 2017. We estimate that our market share grew in an industry that
declined by an estimated 0.9% in 2017. Our brand portfolio benefited from strong consumer preference for premium brands. In the core plus segment,
Harbin Ice outperformed the industry nationally, aided by Baipi wheat extension. Budweiser also grew nationally with some notable successes in the
year ended 31 December 2017, including establishing itself as the leading beer brand in sales in e-commerce. Our super premium portfolio, led by
Corona, Hoegaarden, and Franziskaner, accelerated its growth throughout the year ended 31 December 2017, with volumes almost doubling compared
to the year ended 31 December 2016, and we estimate that we are the market leader in all super premium beer styles in China.
On a year-over-year basis and for the Combined Group, volumes in Australia increased by low single digits, driven by strong brand performances
across our portfolio. The Great Northern franchise became our number one brand in Australia by volume in the year ended 31 December 2017 as we
continue to fuel growth by addressing shifting consumer preferences. Our global brands accelerated their growth throughout the year with volumes up in
the mid-teens, driven by distribution gains as well as commercial activations.
Revenue
Revenue refers to turnover less excise taxes and discounts. See “—A. Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Excise Taxes.”
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The following table reflects changes in revenue across our business segments for the year ended 31 December 2017, as compared to our revenue
for the year ended 31 December 2016.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
Our consolidated revenue was USD 56,444 million for the year ended 31 December 2017. This represented an increase of USD 10,927 million, or
24.0%, as compared to our consolidated revenue for the year ended 31 December 2016. The results for the year ended 31 December 2017 reflect the
performance of our business after the completion of the combination with SAB, certain acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2016 and 2017 and
currency translation effects.
• The combination with SAB, which was included from the fourth quarter of 2016 within our consolidated results for the years ended 31 December
2017 and 2016, positively impacted our consolidated revenue by USD 9,867 million in the first nine months of 2017.
• Our 2016 consolidated results were impacted by the continued phasing out of inventory sales and transition services provided under agreements
with Constellation Brands, Inc. and by the acquisition of certain craft breweries in the United States, Canada, Europe and the Caribbean and the
disposal of a brewery in Germany (the “other 2016 acquisitions and disposals”). Furthermore, our 2017 consolidated results were impacted by
the completion of the transition of CCBA and the acquisition of certain craft breweries in the United States, China, Australia and Europe
(collectively, the “other 2017 acquisitions and disposals” and together with the 2016 acquisitions and disposals, the “other 2016 and 2017
acquisitions and disposals”). These acquisitions and disposals negatively impacted our consolidated revenue by USD 1,365 million (net) for the
year ended 31 December 2017 compared to the year ended 31 December 2016.
• Our consolidated revenue for the year ended 31 December 2017 also reflects a favorable currency translation impact of USD 347 million mainly
arising from currency translation effects in Latin America South, Latin America North and Asia Pacific.
Excluding the effects of the business acquisitions and disposals described above, the combination with SAB and currency translation effects, our
revenue increased 4.7% and increased by 4.6% on a per hectoliter basis, in the year ended 31 December 2017 compared to the year ended 31 December
2016, driven by our revenue management initiatives and brand mix, as we continue to implement our premiumization strategies around the world. Our
consolidated revenue for the year ended 31 December 2017 was partly impacted by the developments in volumes discussed above.
On the same basis, the main business segments contributing to growth in our consolidated revenues were: (i) Latin America South, as a result of
high inflation; (ii) Latin America North, benefitting from revenue management initiatives; (iii) Latin America West, driven by the good performance of
our brand portfolio; and (iv) Asia Pacific, driven by continued premiumization.
Combined revenues of our three global brands grew by 9.8% in 2017, with global revenues for Budweiser growing by 4.1%, for Stella Artois by
12.8% and for Corona by 19.9%.
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Cost of Sales
The following table reflects changes in the cost of sales across our business segments for the year ended 31 December 2017 as compared to the
year ended 31 December 2016:
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
Our consolidated cost of sales was USD 21,386 million for the year ended 31 December 2017. This represented an increase of USD 3,583 million,
or 20.1%, as compared to our consolidated cost of sales for the year ended 31 December 2016. The results for the year ended 31 December 2017 reflect
the performance of our business after the completion of the combination with SAB, certain acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2016 and 2017
and currency translation effects.
• The combination with SAB, which was included from the fourth quarter of 2016 within our consolidated results for the years ended
31 December 2017 and 2016, negatively impacted our consolidated cost of sales by USD 3,802 million in the first nine months of 2017.
• The 2016 and 2017 acquisitions and disposals described above positively impacted our consolidated cost of sales by USD 971 million for
the year ended 31 December 2017 compared to the year ended 31 December 2016.
• Our consolidated cost of sales for the year ended 31 December 2017 also reflects a negative currency translation impact of USD 128 million
mainly arising from currency translation effects in Latin America North.
Excluding the effects of the business acquisitions and disposals described above, the combination with SAB and currency translation effects, our
cost of sales increased by 3.8%. On the same basis, our consolidated cost of sales per hectoliter increased by mid-single digits. The increase in our cost
of sales was driven primarily by unfavorable foreign exchange transactional impacts. Our consolidated cost of sales for the year ended 31 December
2017 was partly impacted by the developments in volumes discussed above.
Operating Expenses
The discussion below relates to our operating expenses, which equal the sum of our distribution expenses, sales and marketing expenses,
administrative expenses and other operating income and expenses (net), for the year ended 31 December 2017 as compared to the year ended
31 December 2016. Our operating expenses do not include exceptional charges, which are reported separately.
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Our operating expenses for the year ended 31 December 2017 were USD 17,245 million, representing an increase of USD 2,806 million, or 19.4%
compared to our operating expenses for 2016.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
Our consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses were USD 18,099 million for the year ended 31 December 2017. This represented
an increase of USD 2,928 million, or 19.3%, as compared to the year ended 31 December 2016. The results for the year ended 31 December 2017 reflect
the performance of our business after the completion of certain acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2016 and 2017 and currency translation
effects.
• The combination with SAB, which was included from the fourth quarter of 2016 within our consolidated results for the years ended
31 December 2017 and 2016, negatively impacted our consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses by USD 2,890 million in
the first nine months of 2017.
• The 2016 and 2017 acquisitions and disposals described above positively impacted our consolidated operating expenses by USD 91 million
for the year ended 31 December 2017 compared to the year ended 31 December 2016.
• Our consolidated operating expenses for the year ended 31 December 2017 also reflect a negative currency translation impact of USD
131 million.
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Excluding the effects of the business acquisitions and disposals described above, the combination with SAB and currency translation effects, our
consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses in the year ended 31 December 2017 remained in line compared to the year ended
31 December 2016.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
The net positive effect of our other operating income and expenses for the year ended 31 December 2017 was USD 854 million. This represented
an increase of USD 122 million, or 16.5%, compared to the year ended 31 December 2016. The results for the year ended 31 December 2017 reflect a
positive impact from the combination with SAB of USD 134 million in the first nine months of 2017, a negative impact from other acquisitions and
disposals of USD 115 million and a positive currency translation impact of USD 26 million.
Excluding the effects of the business acquisitions and disposals, and currency translation effects described above, our net other operating income
and expenses would have increased by 12.5% for the year ended 31 December 2017 as compared to the year ended 31 December 2016, driven primarily
by the sale of non-core assets and a reduction in operating expenses.
Exceptional Items
Exceptional items are items which, in our management’s judgment, need to be disclosed separately by virtue of their size and incidence in order to
obtain a proper understanding of our financial information. We consider these items to be significant in nature, and, accordingly, our management has
excluded these items from their segment measure of performance.
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For the year ended 31 December 2017, exceptional items included in profit from operations consisted of restructuring charges, acquisition costs of
business combinations and business and asset disposal. Exceptional items were as follows for the years ended 31 December 2017 and 2016:
Note:
(1) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
Restructuring
Exceptional restructuring charges amounted to a net cost of USD 468 million for the year ended 31 December 2017 as compared to a net cost of
USD 323 million for the year ended 31 December 2016. These charges primarily relate to the SAB integration. These one-time expenses, as a result of
the series of decisions, provide us with a lower cost base in addition to a stronger focus on our core activities, quicker decision making and
improvements to efficiency, service and quality.
Business and asset disposals amounted to a net cost of USD 39 million for the year ended 31 December 2017, mainly attributable to the costs
incurred to complete the disposals of the former SAB Central and Eastern Europe business as well as CCBA during 2017, partly offset by proceeds from
prior years’ sale of SeaWorld to Blackstone.
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
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Our profit from operations amounted to USD 17,152 million for the year ended 31 December 2017. This represented an increase of USD
4,270 million, or 33.1%, as compared to our profit from operations for the year ended 31 December 2016. The results for the year ended 31 December
2017 reflect the performance of our business after the completion of certain acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2016 and 2017, currency
translation effects and the effects of certain exceptional items as described above.
• The combination with SAB, which was included from the fourth quarter of 2016 within our consolidated results for the years ended
31 December 2017 and 2016, positively impacted our consolidated profit from operations by USD 3,141 million in the first nine months of
2017.
• The 2016 and 2017 acquisitions and disposals described above negatively impacted our consolidated profit from operations by USD
357 million for the year ended 31 December 2017 compared to the year ended 31 December 2016.
• Our consolidated profit from operations for the year ended 31 December 2017 also reflects a positive currency translation impact of USD
112 million.
• Our profit from operations for the year ended 31 December 2017 was negatively impacted by USD 662 million of certain exceptional items,
as compared to a negative impact of USD 394 million for the year ended 31 December 2016. See “—Exceptional Items” above for a
description of the exceptional items during the years ended 31 December 2017 and 2016.
Excluding the effects of the business acquisitions and disposals described above, the combination with SAB and currency translation effects, our
profit from operations increased by 10.9%.
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EBITDA, as defined
The following table reflects changes in our EBITDA, as defined, for the year ended 31 December 2017 as compared to the year ended
31 December 2016:
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
A performance measure such as EBITDA, as defined, is a non-IFRS measure. The financial measure most directly comparable to EBITDA, as
defined, and presented in accordance with IFRS in our consolidated financial statements, is profit of the year. EBITDA, as defined, is a measure used by
our management to evaluate our business performance and is defined as profit from operations before depreciation, amortization and impairment.
EBITDA, as defined, is a key component of the measures that are provided to senior management on a monthly basis at the group level, the business
segment level and lower levels. See “—Year Ended 31 December 2018 Compared to the Year Ended 31 December 2017—EBITDA, as defined” above
for more information about our definition of EBITDA, as defined.
Our EBITDA, as defined, amounted to USD 21,429 million for the year ended 31 December 2017. This represented an increase of USD
5,068 million, or 31.0%, as compared to our EBITDA, as defined, for the year ended 31 December 2016. The results for the year ended 31 December
2017 reflect the performance of our business after the completion of the acquisitions and disposals we undertook in 2016 and 2017 discussed above, the
combination with SAB and currency translation effects. Furthermore, our EBITDA, as defined, was negatively impacted by USD 656 million (before
impairment losses) of certain exceptional items in the year ended 31 December 2017, as compared to a negative impact of USD 394 million (before
impairment losses) during the year ended 31 December 2016. See “—Exceptional Items” above for a description of the exceptional items during the
years ended 31 December 2017 and 2016.
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Year ended Year ended
31 December 2017 31 December 2016(2) Change
(USD millions) (%)(1)
Net finance cost before exceptional finance results (5,814) (5,208) (11.6)
Mark-to-market (Grupo Modelo deferred share
instrument) (146) (304) 52.0
Mark-to-market (Portion of the FX hedging of the
purchase price of the combination with SAB that did
not qualify for hedge accounting) — (2,693) —
Other mark-to-market (142) 39 —
Other (405) (398) (1.8)
Exceptional net finance income/(cost) (693) (3,356) 79.4
Net finance income/(cost) (6,507) (8,564) 24.0
Note:
(1) The percentage change reflects the improvement (or worsening) of results for the period as a result of the change in each item.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
Our net finance cost for the year ended 31 December 2017 was USD 6,507 million, as compared to USD 8,564 million for the year ended
31 December 2016, representing a cost decrease of USD 2,057 million.
The increase in net finance costs before exceptional financial items is driven primarily by the annualization impact of the additional debt related to
the SAB combination as well as the legacy SAB debt. Other financial results include net losses on hedging instruments, foreign exchange losses and a
negative mark-to-market adjustment of USD 291 million in 2017, linked to the hedging of our share-based payment programs compared to a negative
mark-to-market adjustment of USD 384 million for the period ended 31 December 2016.
The number of shares covered by the hedging of our share-based payment programs, and the opening and closing share prices are as follows:
Exceptional net finance costs include a negative mark-to-market adjustment on exceptional equity derivatives of USD 288 million related to the
hedging of the deferred share instrument in connection with the Grupo Modelo combination of USD 146 million and the restricted share instrument in
connection with the SAB combination of USD 142 million, compared to a negative mark-to-market adjustment of USD 431 million for the period ended
31 December 2016. The number of shares covered by the hedging of the deferred share instrument and the Restricted Shares, together with the opening
and closing share prices, are shown below:
Note:
(1) Upon completion of the combination with SAB on 10 October 2016, former AB InBev Ordinary Shares have been converted into AB InBev
Ordinary Shares.
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Other exceptional net finance costs of USD 405 million in 2017 mainly relate to non-cash foreign exchange losses on intragroup loans that were
historically reported in equity and were recycled from equity to profit and loss account upon reimbursement of these loans, and accelerated accretion
expenses associated to the repayment of a facilities agreement and the early redemption of certain notes.
For a discussion of the re-measurement of current and deferred taxes resulting from the U.S. tax reform, see “—Year Ended 31 December 2018
Compared to the Year Ended 31 December 2017—Income Tax Expense.”
This impact was partially offset by Ambev and certain of its subsidiaries joining the Brazilian Federal Tax Regularization Program in September
2017 whereby Ambev committed to pay some tax contingencies that were under dispute, totaling BRL 3.5 billion (USD 1.1 billion), with BRL
1.0 billion (USD 0.3 billion) paid in 2017 and the remaining amount payable in 145 monthly installments starting January 2018, plus interest. Within
these contingencies, a dispute related to presumed taxation at Ambev’s subsidiary CRBS was not provided for until September 2017 as the loss was
assessed as possible. The total amount recognized as exceptional is BRL 2.9 billion (USD 0.9 billion) of which BRL 2.8 billion (USD 0.9 billion) is
reported as exceptional income tax cost and BRL 141 million (USD 44 million) is reported as exceptional financial cost.
The 2016 effective tax rate was negatively impacted by the non-deductible negative mark-to-market adjustment related to the hedging of the
purchase price of the combination with SAB that could not qualify for hedge accounting.
The merger of Beverage Associates Holding Limited into Ambev in August 2006 generated benefits related to goodwill amortization. See “Item
7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions—Ambev Special Goodwill Reserve.” The impact of the tax
deductible goodwill resulting from the merger of Beverage Associates Holding Limited into Ambev in August 2006 and other mergers was to reduce
income tax expense for the year ended 31 December 2017 by USD 53 million. In October 2013 and June 2016, Ambev received a tax assessment related
to the goodwill amortization resulting from the merger of Beverage Associates Holding Limited into Ambev. See “Item 8. Financial Information—A.
Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal and Arbitration Proceedings—Ambev and Its Subsidiaries—Tax
Matters—Special Goodwill Reserve” for further information.
We benefit from tax-exempted income and tax credits which are expected to continue in the future. We do not have significant benefits coming
from low tax rates in any particular jurisdiction.
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Profit Attributable to Non-Controlling Interests
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests was USD 1,187 million for the year ended 31 December 2017, a decrease of USD 341 million from
USD 1,528 million for the year ended 31 December 2016, primarily due to the impact of the Brazilian Federal Tax Regularization Program entered into
by Ambev, as discussed above.
Excluding the after-tax impact of exceptional items discussed above and the impact of discontinued operations, profit attributable to our equity
holders for the year ended 31 December 2017 would have been USD 7,967 million, and basic earnings per share would have been USD 4.04.
The increase in profit attributable to our equity holders in the year ended 31 December 2017 was primarily due to the increased profit, the timing
of the prior year SAB pre-acquisition funding costs which were not matched by earnings until the closing of the SAB combination and the reporting of
SAB results as of the fourth quarter of 2016, and higher exceptional net finance cost in the year ended 31 December 2016. Profit attributable to our
equity holders also benefitted from a one-time deferred tax remeasurement following the U.S. tax reform, partially offset by the impact of the Brazilian
Federal Tax Regularization Program entered into by Ambev.
Note:
(1) Earnings per share before dilution, calculated based upon the weighted average number of shares in the year ended 31 December 2016 of
1,717 million shares. Earnings per share after dilution based upon the weighted average number of shares in the year ended 31 December 2017 of
1,971 million shares.
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A performance measure such as Underlying EPS is a non-IFRS measure. The measure most directly comparable to Underlying EPS and presented
in accordance with IFRS in our consolidated financial statements is basic earnings per share. See “—Year Ended 31 December 2018 Compared to the
Year Ended 31 December 2017—Profit Attributable to Equity Holders” above for more information about our definition of Underlying EPS.
Note:
(1) Hyperinflation accounting was adopted in 2018 to report the company’s Argentinean operations. In line with IFRS, the 2017 and 2016
Argentinean operations were not restated for hyperinflation accounting.
As a result of the fluctuation of foreign exchange rates for the years ended 31 December 2018, 2017 and 2016:
• We recorded a negative translation impact, including hyperinflation accounting impact, of USD 2,302 million on our revenue for the year ended
31 December 2018 (as compared to a positive translation impact of USD 347 million in 2017 and a negative impact of USD 2,794 million in
2016) and a negative translation impact, including hyperinflation accounting impact, of USD 1,103 million on our profit from operations for the
year ended 31 December 2018 (as compared to a positive translation impact of USD 112 million on our profit from operations in 2017 and a
negative impact of USD 1,004 million in 2016).
• Our reported profit of the year was negatively affected by a USD 684 million translation impact, including hyperinflation accounting impact, for
the year ended 31 December 2018 (as compared to a positive translation of USD 126 million in 2017 and a negative translation impact of USD
649 million in 2016), while the negative translation impact, including hyperinflation accounting impact, on our earnings per share base for the
year ended 31 December 2018 was USD 505 million, or USD 0.26 per share (as compared to a positive impact of USD 100 million, or USD 0.05
per share, in 2017 and a negative impact of USD 505 million, or USD 0.27 per share, in 2016).
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• Our net debt decreased by USD 2.1 billion in the year ended 31 December 2018 as a result of translation impacts (as compared to an increase of
USD 4,184 million in 2017 and a decrease of USD 349 million in 2016).
• Equity attributable to our equity holders decreased by USD 7,379 million in the year ended 31 December 2018 as a result of translation impacts
(as compared to an increase of USD 1,053 million in 2017 and a decrease of USD 3,265 million in 2016).
See note 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018 for
details of the above sensitivity analyses, a fuller quantitative and qualitative discussion on the foreign currency risks to which we are subject and our
policies with respect to managing those risks.
We are of the opinion that our working capital, as an indicator of our ability to satisfy our short-term liabilities is, based on our expected cash flow
from operations for the coming 12 months, sufficient for the 12 months following the date of this Form 20-F. Over the longer term, we believe that our
cash flows from operating activities, available cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, along with our derivative instruments and our
access to borrowing facilities, will be sufficient to fund our capital expenditures, debt service and dividend payments going forward. As part of our cash
flow management, we manage capital expenditures by optimizing use of our existing brewery capacity and standardizing operational processes to make
our capital investments more efficient. We are also attempting to improve operating cash flow through procurement initiatives designed to leverage
economies of scale and improve terms of payment to suppliers.
Equity attributable to our equity holders and non-controlling interests amounted to USD 71.9 billion as of 31 December 2018 (USD 80.2 billion as
of 31 December 2017 and USD 81.4 billion as of 31 December 2016) and our net debt amounted to USD 102.5 billion as of 31 December 2018 (USD
104.4 billion as of 31 December 2017 and USD 107.9 billion as of 31 December 2016). Our overriding objectives when managing capital resources are
to safeguard the business as a going concern and to optimize our capital structure so as to maximize shareholder value while keeping the desired
financial flexibility to execute strategic projects.
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We expect the portion of our consolidated balance sheet represented by debt to remain significantly higher as compared to former AB InBev’s
historical position. Our level of debt could have significant consequences, including:
• increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
• limiting our ability to fund future working capital and capital expenditures, to engage in future acquisitions or development activities or to
otherwise realize the value of our assets and opportunities fully;
• limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;
• impairing our ability to obtain additional financing in the future, or requiring us to obtain financing involving restrictive covenants;
• requiring us to issue additional equity (possibly under unfavorable conditions), which could dilute our existing shareholders’ equity; and
• placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt.
We also have a revolving facility under our 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement, with a total commitment of USD 9.0 billion, maturing in August
2022. As of 31 December 2018, the revolving facility was fully undrawn.
Our ability to manage the maturity profile of our debt and repay our outstanding indebtedness in line with management plans will nevertheless
depend upon market conditions. If such uncertain market conditions as experienced in the period between late 2007 and early 2009 and again in 2011
continue in the future, our financing costs could increase beyond what is currently anticipated. Such costs could have a material adverse impact on our
cash flows, results of operations or both. In addition, an inability to refinance all or a substantial amount of our debt obligations when they become due
would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks
Relating to Our Business—We may not be able to obtain the necessary funding for our future capital or refinancing needs and may face financial risks
due to our level of debt, uncertain market conditions and as a result of the potential downgrading of our credit ratings.”
Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments in debt securities, less bank overdrafts, as of 31 December 2018 amounted to USD
7.0 billion.
As of 31 December 2018, we had total liquidity of USD 16.0 billion, which consisted of USD 9.0 billion available under committed long-term
credit facilities and USD 7.0 billion of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments in debt securities, less bank overdrafts. Although we may
borrow such amounts to meet our liquidity needs, we principally rely on cash flows from operating activities to fund our continuing operations.
Cash Flow
The following table sets forth our consolidated cash flows for the years ended 31 December 2018, 2017 and 2016:
Note:
(1) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
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Cash Flow from Operating Activities
Our cash flows from operating activities for the years ended 31 December 2018, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:
Note:
(1) For purposes of the table above, working capital includes inventories, trade and other receivables and trade and other payables, both current and
non-current.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results of the retained SAB operations as of the fourth
quarter of 2016.
Non-cash items included in profit of the year include: depreciation, amortization and impairments, including impairment losses on receivables and
inventories; additions and reversals in provisions and employee benefits; losses and gains on sales of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets,
subsidiaries and assets held for sale; equity share-based payment expenses; share of results of associates and joint ventures; net finance cost; income tax
expense and other non-cash items included in profit. Please refer to our consolidated cash flow statement in our audited consolidated financial
statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018 for a more comprehensive overview of our cash flow
from operating activities.
Our primary source of cash flow for our ongoing activities and operations is our cash flow from operating activities. For extraordinary
transactions (such as the 2008 Anheuser-Busch Companies acquisition, the 2013 Grupo Modelo combination and the combination with SAB), we may,
from time to time, also rely on cash flows from other sources. See “—Cash Flow used in Investing Activities” and “—Cash Flow from/(used in)
Financing Activities” below.
Cash flow from operating activities in 2018 decreased by USD 767 million, or 4.9%, from USD 15,430 million in 2017 to USD 14,663 million in
2018, mainly explained by higher taxes paid in 2018 compared to 2017, including the payment of taxes related to prior periods.
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We devote substantial efforts to the efficient use of our working capital, especially those elements of working capital that are perceived as
“core” (including trade receivables, inventories and trade payables). The initiatives to improve our working capital include the implementation of best
practices on collection of receivables and inventory management, such as optimizing our inventory levels per stock taking unit, improving the batch
sizes in our production process and optimizing the duration of overhauls. Similarly, we aim to efficiently manage our payables by reviewing our
standard terms and conditions on payments and resolving, where appropriate, the terms of payment within 120 days upon receipt of invoice. Changes in
working capital contributed USD 512 million to operational cash flow in 2018. This contribution includes USD 445 million cash inflow from
derivatives.
Cash flow from operating activities in 2017 increased by USD 5,320 million, or 53%, from USD 10,110 million in 2016 to USD 15,430 million in
2017, mainly explained by higher profit of the year following the SAB combination in the fourth quarter 2016.
Note:
(1) Net capital expenditure consists of acquisitions of plant, property and equipment and of intangible assets, minus proceeds from sale.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results of the retained SAB operations as of the fourth
quarter of 2016.
Cash flow used in investing activities was USD 3,965 million in 2018 as compared to USD 7,854 million cash flow from investing activities in
2017. The cash flow from investing activities in 2017 mainly reflected the proceeds from the announced SAB-related divestitures completed during
2017, net of taxes paid in 2017 on prior year divestitures, which were not repeated in 2018.
Our net capital expenditures amounted to USD 4,649 million in 2018 and USD 4,124 million in 2017. Out of the total 2018 capital expenditures
approximately 48% was used to improve our production facilities while 42% was used for logistics and commercial investments and 10% was used for
improving administrative capabilities and purchase of hardware and software.
Cash flow from investing activities was USD 7,854 million in 2017 as compared to USD 60,077 million cash flow used in 2016. The 2017 cash
flow from investing activities mainly reflects the proceeds from the announced divestitures completed during 2017, net of taxes paid in 2017 on prior
year divestitures.
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Cash Flow from/(used in) Financing Activities
Our cash flows from/(used in) financing activities for the years ended 31 December 2018, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:
Note:
(1) Dividends paid in 2018 consisted primarily of USD 6.5 billion paid by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and USD 0.9 billion paid by Ambev.
Dividends paid in 2017 consisted primarily of USD 8.0 billion paid by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and USD 1.1 billion paid by Ambev.
Dividends paid in 2016 consisted primarily of USD 7.1 billion paid by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and USD 1.2 billion paid by Ambev.
(2) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results of the retained SAB operations as of the fourth
quarter of 2016.
Cash flow used in financing activities amounted to USD 13,945 million in 2018, as compared to a cash flow used in financing activities of USD
21,004 million in 2017. The cash flow used in financing activities in 2018 reflects dividends paid and payments on borrowings.
Cash flow used in financing activities amounted to USD 21,004 million in 2017, as compared to a cash flow from financing activities of USD
50,731 million in 2016. The cash flow used in financing activities in 2017 reflects dividends paid and payments on borrowings.
For more information on the financing activities related to long-term debt issuances in 2017 and 2018, see “—Funding Sources—Borrowings.”
Please also refer to note 24 of our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended
31 December 2018.
Dividends paid to us by certain of our subsidiaries are also subject to withholding taxes. Withholding tax, if applicable, generally does not exceed
15%.
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Funding Sources
Funding Policies
We aim to secure committed credit lines with financial institutions to cover our liquidity risk on a 12-month and 24-month basis. Liquidity risk is
identified using both the budget and strategic planning process input of the group on a consolidated basis. Depending on market circumstances and the
availability of local debt capital markets, we may decide, based on liquidity forecasts, to secure funding on a medium- and long-term basis.
We also seek to continuously optimize our capital structure targeting to maximizing shareholder value while keeping desired financial flexibility
to execute strategic projects. Our capital structure policy and framework aims to optimize shareholder value through cash flow distribution to us from
our subsidiaries, while maintaining an investment-grade rating and minimizing investments with returns below our weighted average cost of capital.
Note:
(1) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results of the retained SAB operations as of the fourth
quarter of 2016.
Borrowings
During 2018, we issued the following series of bonds (excluding the issuances related to our exchange offers, as described below):
Aggregate
principal amount
Issue date (in millions) Currency Interest rate Maturity date
23 January 2018 1,500 EUR 3M EURIBOR + 30 bps 15 April 2024
23 January 2018 2,000 EUR 1.150% 22 January 2027
23 January 2018 750 EUR 2.000% 23 January 2035
4 April 2018 1,500 USD 3.500% 12 January 2024
4 April 2018 2,500 USD 4.000% 13 April 2028
4 April 2018 1,500 USD 4.375% 15 April 2038
4 April 2018 2,500 USD 4.600% 15 April 2048
4 April 2018 1,500 USD 4.750% 15 April 2058
4 April 2018 500 USD 3M LIBOR + 74bps 12 January 2024
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Furthermore, in 2018, we completed the following early redemptions, exchange offers and credit facilities cancellation:
• On 19 March 2018, our wholly owned subsidiary, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., exercised its respective option to redeem in full
the entire outstanding principal amount of certain series of notes, consisting of USD 2,500,000,000 aggregate principal amount of fixed rate
notes due 2019 bearing interest at an annual rate of 7.750%.
• On 23 April 2018, our wholly owned subsidiaries, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC, and
Anheuser-Busch Finance Inc., exercised their respective options to redeem in full the entire outstanding principal amount of certain series of
notes, consisting of USD 2,250,000,000 aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due 2020 bearing interest at an annual rate of
5.375%; USD 300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due 2019 bearing interest at an annual rate of 5.000%; USD
4,000,000,000 aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due 2019 bearing interest at an annual rate of 1.900%; and USD 1,250,000,000
aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due 2019 bearing interest at an annual rate of 2.150%.
• On 6 June 2018, our wholly owned subsidiary, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., exercised its respective option to redeem in full the
entire outstanding principal amount of certain series of notes, consisting of USD 1,000,000,000 aggregate principal amount of fixed rate
notes due 2020 bearing interest at an annual rate of 5.000%.
• On 26 November 2018, we completed United States private exchange offers for the outstanding notes issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev
Finance Inc. listed below in exchange for a combination of new notes on substantially identical terms issued by Anheuser-Busch
Companies, LLC, and Anheuser-Busch Worldwide Inc. and cash, for a total principal amount of notes exchanged of USD 23.5 billion:
The new notes will mature on the same date as the older notes and will bear interest at the same rate per annum as the old notes.
• On 13 December 2018, our wholly owned subsidiary, Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc., repurchased USD 2.5 billion aggregate principal
amount of its 2.650% notes due 2021 in a cash tender offer.
In 2010, we entered into a senior facilities agreement (the “2010 Senior Facilities Agreement”). The 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement
comprised a USD 5.0 billion term loan maturing in 2013, which was fully prepaid and terminated in April 2013, and a USD 8.0 billion multi-currency
revolving credit facility maturing in 2015 (the “Revolving Facility”). In 2013, we amended the terms of the Revolving Facility, extending the provision
of USD 7.2 billion to a revised maturity of July 2018. On 28 August 2015, we further amended the terms of the Revolving Facility to increase the total
commitment to USD 9.0 billion and to extend the maturity to August 2020. Effective 3 October 2017, we further amended the Revolving Facility to
extend the maturity by two years to August 2022. As of 31 December 2018, the Revolving Facility was fully undrawn.
The terms of the Revolving Facility, as well as their intended uses, are described under “Item 10. Additional Information—C. Material Contracts.”
We expect the portion of our consolidated balance sheet represented by debt to remain significantly higher as compared to former AB InBev’s
historical position. Our continued increased level of debt could have significant consequences, as described under “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk
Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—We may not be able to obtain the necessary funding for our future capital or refinancing needs and may face
financial risks due to our level of debt, uncertain market conditions and as a result of the potential downgrading of our credit ratings.”
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Most of our other interest-bearing loans and borrowings are for general corporate purposes, based upon strategic capital structure concerns,
although certain borrowings are incurred to fund significant acquisitions of subsidiaries, such as the borrowings to fund the combination with Grupo
Modelo. Although seasonal factors affect the business, they have little effect on our borrowing requirements.
We have a Euro Medium-Term Note Programme under which Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV may periodically issue and have outstanding debt
denominated in any currency or currencies, subject to compliance with all applicable legal and/or regulatory and/or central bank requirements, outside
the U.S. to non-U.S. persons in reliance on Regulation S. The guarantors of payments of all amounts due in respect of notes issued under the EMTN
Programme are Cobrew NV, Brandbrew SA, Brandbev S.à.R.L., Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., ABIFI and Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC
(subject to certain terms and conditions). Under the EMTN Programme, we may issue notes on a continuing basis up to a maximum aggregate principal
amount of EUR 40.0 billion (USD 45.8 billion) or its equivalent in other currencies. Such notes may be fixed, floating, zero coupon or a combination of
these. The proceeds from the issuance of any such notes may be used to repay short-term and/or long-term debt and to fund general corporate purposes
of the AB InBev Group. If in respect of any particular issue of notes there is a particular identified use of proceeds, this will be stated in the applicable
final terms relating to the notes. As of 31 December 2018, the total outstanding debt under the EMTN Programme amounted to EUR 24 billion (USD
27.5 billion). Our ability to issue additional notes under the EMTN Programme is subject to market conditions.
We have a Belgian commercial paper program under which Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and Cobrew NV may issue and have outstanding at
any time commercial paper notes up to a maximum aggregate amount of EUR 1.0 billion (USD 1.5 billion) or its equivalent in alternative currencies.
The proceeds from the issuance of any such notes may be used for general corporate purposes. The notes may be issued in two tranches: Tranche A has
a maturity of not less than seven and not more than 364 days from and including the day of issue; Tranche B has a maturity of not less than one year.
We also have established a U.S. commercial paper program for an aggregate outstanding amount not exceeding USD 3.0 billion. As of 31 December
2018, the total outstanding commercial paper under these programs amounted to USD 1.1 billion. Our ability to borrow additional amounts under the
programs is subject to investor demand. If we are ever unable to refinance under these commercial programs as they become due, we have access to
funding through the use of our committed lines of credit.
Our borrowings are linked to different interest rates, both variable and fixed. As of 31 December 2018, after certain hedging and fair value
adjustments, USD 7 billion, or 1.8%, of our interest-bearing financial liabilities (which include loans, borrowings and bank overdrafts) bore a variable
interest rate, while USD 102.9 billion, or 98.2%, bore a fixed interest rate. Our net debt is denominated in various currencies, though primarily in the
U.S. dollar and the euro. Our policy is to proactively address and manage the relationship between our various borrowing currency liabilities and our
functional currency cash flows, through long-term or short-term borrowing arrangements, either directly in their functional currencies or indirectly
through hedging arrangements.
The currency of borrowing is driven by various factors in the different countries of operation, including a need to hedge against functional
currency inflation, currency convertibility constraints, or restrictions imposed by exchange control or other regulations. In accordance with our policy
aimed at achieving an optimal balance between cost of funding and volatility of financial results, we seek to proactively address and manage the
relationship between borrowing liabilities and functional currency cash flows, and we may enter into certain financial instruments in order to mitigate
currency risk.
We use a hybrid currency matching model pursuant to which we may (i) match net debt currency exposure to cash flows in such currency,
measured on the basis of EBITDA, as defined, adjusted for exceptional items, by swapping a significant portion of U.S. dollar debt to other currencies,
such as Brazilian real (with a higher coupon), although this would negatively impact our profit and earnings due to the higher Brazilian real interest
coupon, and (ii) use U.S. dollar cash flows to service interest payments under our debt obligations. For our definition of EBITDA, as defined, see “—E.
Results of Operations—Year Ended 31 December 2018 Compared to the Year Ended 31 December 2017—EBITDA, as defined.”
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We have also entered into certain financial instruments in order to mitigate interest rate risks.
Please refer to note 29 of our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended
31 December 2018, “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Market Risk, Hedging and Financial Instruments.”
We were in compliance with all our debt covenants as of 31 December 2018. The 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement does not include restrictive
financial covenants. For further details regarding our total current and non-current liabilities, please refer to note 24 of our audited consolidated financial
statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018.
The following table sets forth the level of our current and non-current interest-bearing loans and borrowings as of 31 December 2018 and 2017:
The following table sets forth the contractual maturities of our interest-bearing liabilities as of 31 December 2018:
Note:
(1) “Carrying Amount” refers to net book value as recognized on the balance sheet at 31 December 2018.
Please refer to note 29 of our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended
31 December 2018 for a description of the currencies of our financial liabilities and a description of the financial instruments we use to hedge our
liabilities.
Credit Rating
As of the date of this Form 20-F, our credit rating from Standard & Poor’s was A- for long-term obligations and A-2 for short-term obligations,
with a Negative outlook, and our credit rating from Moody’s Investors Service was Baa1 for long-term obligations and P-2 for short-term obligations,
with a stable outlook. Credit ratings may be changed, suspended or withdrawn at any time and are not a recommendation to buy, hold or sell any of our
or our subsidiaries’ securities. Any change in our credit ratings could have a significant impact on the cost of debt capital to us and/or our ability to raise
capital in the debt markets.
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Capital Expenditures
We spent USD 4,649 million during 2018 on acquiring capital assets (net of proceeds from the sale of property, plant, equipment and intangible
assets). Out of the total capital expenditures of 2018, approximately 48% was used to improve our production facilities while 42% was used for logistics
and commercial investments. Approximately 10% was used for improving administrative capabilities and purchase of hardware and software.
We spent USD 4,124 million during 2017 on acquiring capital assets (net of proceeds from the sale of property, plant, equipment and intangible
assets). Out of the total capital expenditures of 2017, approximately 45% was used to improve our production facilities while 30% was used for logistics
and commercial investments. Approximately 25% was used for improving administrative capabilities and purchase of hardware and software.
We spent USD 4,768 million during 2016 on acquiring capital assets (net of proceeds from the sale of property, plant, equipment and intangible
assets). Out of the total capital expenditures of 2016, approximately 50% was used to improve our production facilities while 34% was used for logistics
and commercial investments. Approximately 16% was used for improving administrative capabilities and purchase of hardware and software.
Our capital expenditures are primarily funded through cash from operating activities.
The following table provides a reconciliation of our net debt to the sum of current and non-current interest bearing loans and borrowings as of the
dates indicated:
31 December (audited)
2018 2017
(USD million)
Non-current interest bearing loans and borrowings 105,584 108,949
Current interest bearing loans and borrowings 4,216 7,433
Total 109,800 116,382
Bank overdrafts 114 117
Cash and cash equivalents (7,074) (10,472)
Interest-bearing loans granted (included within Trade and other receivables) (267) (309)
Non-current and current debt securities (included within Investment securities)(1) (111) (1,328)
Net debt 102,462 104,390
Note:
(1) See note 24 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018.
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Net debt as of 31 December 2018 was USD 102,5 billion, a decrease of USD 1.9 billion as compared to 31 December 2017. Apart from operating
results net of capital expenditures, the net debt is mainly impacted by the acquisition by Ambev of additional shares in Cervecería Nacional Dominicana
S.A. following the partial exercise by E. León Jimenes S.A. of its put option (USD 0.9 billion), the payment to Molson Coors Brewing Company related
to a purchase price adjustment on the disposal completed on 11 October 2016 of SAB’s interest in MillerCoors LLC and all trademarks, contracts and
other assets primarily related to the international business of Miller (USD 0.3 billion), dividend payments to shareholders of AB InBev and Ambev
(USD 7.8 billion), the payment of interests and taxes (USD 7.1 billion) and the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates (USD 2.1 billion decrease of
net debt).
Net debt as of 31 December 2017 was USD 104.4 billion, a decrease of USD 3.6 billion as compared to 31 December 2016. Apart from operating
results net of capital expenditures, the net debt is mainly impacted by the proceeds from the announced divestitures completed during 2017 (USD 11.7
billion), the payment of taxes on disposals completed in 2016 (USD 3.4 billion), dividend payments to shareholders of AB InBev and Ambev (USD 9.3
billion), the payment of interests and taxes (USD 6.0 billion) and the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates (USD 4.2 billion increase of net debt).
Consolidated equity attributable to equity holders of AB InBev as at 31 December 2018 was USD 64,486 million, compared to USD
72,585 million as at 31 December 2017. The decrease in equity is primarily related to the combined effect of the weakening of, principally, the closing
rates of the South African rand, the Brazilian real, the Canadian dollar, the Australian dollar and the Euro, which resulted in a foreign exchange
translation adjustment of USD 7,379 as at 31 December 2018.
Consolidated equity attributable to equity holders of AB InBev as at 31 December 2017 was USD 72,585 million, compared to USD
71,339 million as at 31 December 2016. The increase in equity is mainly related to the combined effect of the strengthening of mainly the closing rates
of the Australian dollar, the Canadian dollar, the Chinese yuan, the euro, the Mexican peso, the Peruvian nuevo sol, the South African rand and the
South Korean won and the weakening of mainly the closing rates of the Argentinean peso, the Brazilian real and the Nigerian naira resulted in a positive
foreign exchange translation adjustment of USD 1,053 million as at 31 December 2017.
Further details on equity movements can be found in our consolidated statement of changes in equity in our audited consolidated financial
statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018.
Our optimal capital structure remains a net debt to EBITDA, as defined (adjusted for exceptional items), ratio of around 2x. We expect our net
debt to EBITDA, as defined (adjusted for exceptional items), ratio to be below 4x by the end of 2020.
See “—Funding Sources—Borrowings” above for details of long-term debt we entered into during 2018.
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H. CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND CONTINGENCIES
Contractual Obligations
The following table reflects certain of our contractual obligations, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash
flows in future periods, as of 31 December 2018:1
Note:
(1) “Total” amounts refer to non-derivative financial liabilities including interest payments.
(2) The loan and bond issue contractual cash flow amounts presented above differ from the carrying amounts for these items in our financial
statements in that they include our best estimates of future interest payable (not yet accrued) in order to better reflect our future cash flow position.
Please refer to “—G. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Funding Sources—Borrowings” for further information regarding our short-term
borrowings and long-term debt.
Please refer to note 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended
31 December 2018, and in particular to the discussions therein on “Liquidity Risk,” for more information regarding the maturity of our contractual
obligations, including interest payments and derivative financial assets and liabilities.
Please refer to note 30 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended
31 December 2018 for more information regarding our operating lease obligations.
Information regarding our pension commitments and funding arrangements is described in our Significant Accounting Policies and in note 25 to
our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018. The level of
contributions to funded pension plans is determined according to the relevant legislation in each jurisdiction in which we operate. In some countries
there are statutory minimum funding requirements while in others we have developed our own policies, sometimes in agreement with the local trustee
bodies. The size and timing of contributions will usually depend upon the performance of investment markets. Depending on the country and plan in
question, the funding level will be monitored periodically and the contribution amount amended appropriately. Consequently, it is not possible to predict
with any certainty the amounts that might become payable from 2019 onwards. In 2018, our employer contributions to defined benefit and defined
contribution pension plans amounted to USD 423 million. Contributions to defined benefit pension plans for 2019 are estimated to be approximately
USD 246 million for our funded defined
1 Bracketed figures pending final confirmation.
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benefit plans, and USD 73 million in benefit payments to our unfunded defined benefit plans and post-retirement medical plans. Please refer to note 25
to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018 for further
information on our employee benefit obligations.
Please refer to note 31 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended
31 December 2018 for more information regarding collateral and contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment, loans to
customers and others.
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Contingencies
We are subject to various contingencies with respect to tax, labor, distributors and other claims. Due to their nature, such legal proceedings and
tax matters involve inherent uncertainties including, but not limited to, court rulings, negotiations between affected parties and governmental actions. To
the extent that we believe these contingencies will probably be realized, a provision has been recorded in our balance sheet.
To the extent that we believe that the realization of a contingency is possible (but not probable) and is above certain materiality thresholds, we
have disclosed those items in note 32 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended
31 December 2018.
In order to fulfill our commitments under various outstanding stock option plans, we entered into stock lending arrangements for up to 20 million
of our own Ordinary Shares. We shall pay the lenders any dividend equivalent, after tax, in respect of the loaned securities. This payment will be
reported through equity as dividend. As of 31 December 2018, 20 million loaned securities were used to fulfill our stock option plan commitments.
Please also refer to note 26 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended
31 December 2018.
We expect cost of sales per hl to increase by mid-single digits, with currency and commodity headwinds to be offset by cost management
initiatives.
We maintain our USD 3.2 billion synergy and cost savings expectation on a constant currency basis as of August 2016. From this total, USD
547 million was reported by former SAB as of 31 March 2016, and USD 2,391 million was captured between 1 April 2016 and 31 December 2018. The
balance of roughly USD 250 million is expected to be captured by the end of 2019.
We expect the average gross debt coupon in 2019 to be between 3.75% and 4.00%. Net pension interest expenses and accretion expenses
including IFRS 16 Lease adjustments are expected to be approximately USD 160 million per quarter. Net finance costs will continue to be impacted by
any gains and losses related to the hedging of our share-based payment programs.
We expect net capital expenditure of between USD 4.0 and 4.5 billion in 2019.
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Approximately 44% of our gross debt is denominated in currencies other than the US dollar, principally the euro. Our optimal capital structure
remains a net debt to EBITDA, as defined (adjusted for exceptional items), ratio of around 2x. We expect our net debt to EBITDA, as defined (adjusted
for exceptional items), ratio to be below 4x by the end of 2020.
We expect dividends to be a growing flow over time, although growth in the short term is expected to be modest given our deleveraging
commitments.
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ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
A. DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT
Administrative, Management, Supervisory Bodies and Senior Management Structure
Our management structure is a “one-tier” governance structure composed of our Board, a Chief Executive Officer responsible for our day-to-day
management and, until 31 December 2018, an executive board of management and, from 1 January 2019, an executive committee chaired by our Chief
Executive Officer. Our Board is assisted by four main committees: the Audit Committee, the Finance Committee, the Remuneration Committee and the
Nomination Committee. See “—C. Board Practices—Information about Our Committees.”
As announced on 26 July 2018, effective 1 January 2019, our executive board of management became an executive committee (the “Executive
Committee”), comprised of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial and Solutions Officer, Chief External Affairs and Strategy Officer and General
Counsel and Company Secretary. Thereafter, our senior leadership team includes all members of the Executive Committee, all other functional chiefs
and all zone presidents. For the year ending 31 December 2019, the Executive Committee will be “senior management” for the purposes of the Form
20-F.
Board of Directors
Role and Responsibilities, Composition, Structure and Organization
The role and responsibilities of our Board and its composition, structure and organization are described in detail in our corporate governance
charter (“Corporate Governance Charter”), which is available on our website: https://www.ab-inbev.com/investors/corporate-governance.html.
Our Board may be composed of a maximum of 15 directors. There are currently 15 directors, all of whom are non-executives.
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• 4.5% or less than 4.5% of the shares with voting rights in our share capital, the holders of the Restricted Shares will no longer have
the right to propose any candidate for appointment as a member of our board of directors and no directors will be appointed upon
proposal by the holders of the Restricted Shares.
As a consequence, our Board is currently composed of four directors nominated by Eugénie Patri Sébastien S.A. (which represents Interbrew’s
founding Belgian families and holds the class A Stichting certificates), four directors nominated by BRC S.à.R.L. (“BRC”) (which represents the
Brazilian families that were previously the controlling shareholders of Ambev and holds the class B Stichting certificates), one additional non-executive
director who was appointed by the Stichting, three directors who were appointed by the holders of Restricted Shares and three independent directors.
The independent directors are recommended by our Nomination Committee, nominated by the Stichting board and subsequently elected at our
shareholders’ meeting. Directors (other than the Restricted Share Directors) are appointed for a maximum term of four years, but the shareholders’
meeting can resolve for a shorter term. In accordance with our bylaws, Restricted Share Directors are appointed for renewable terms ending at the next
shareholders’ meeting following their appointment.
Independent directors on our Board are required to meet the following requirements of independence pursuant to our current Corporate
Governance Charter. Such requirements are derived from but not fully identical to the requirements of Belgian company law (when legally required, we
shall apply the criteria of independence provided by Belgian company law). Based on the provisions of the Belgian Corporate Governance Code of
March 2009 and the Belgian Company Code, the requirements of independence contained in our Corporate Governance Charter are the following:
• the director is not an executive or managing director of us or an associated company, and has not been in such a position for the previous
five years;
• the director has not served for more than three successive terms as a non-executive director on our board, or for a total term of more than 12
years;
• the director is not an employee of us or an associated company and has not been in such a position for the previous three years;
• the director does not receive significant additional remuneration or benefits from us or an associated company apart from a fee received as
non-executive director;
• the director is not the representative of a controlling shareholder or a shareholder with a shareholding of more than 10%, or a director or
executive officer of such a shareholder;
• the director does not have or has not had within the financial reported year a significant business relationship with us or an associated
company, either directly or as a partner, shareholder, director or senior employee of a body that has such a relationship;
• the director is not or has not been within the last three years a partner or an employee of our external auditor or the external auditor of an
associated company; and
• the director is not a close family member of an executive or managing director or of persons in the situations described above.
When an independent director has served on the Board for three terms, any proposal to renew his mandate as independent director must expressly
indicate why the Board considers that his independence as a director is preserved.
Directors on our Board who serve on our Audit Committee are also required to meet the criteria for independence set forth in Rule 10A-3 under
the Exchange Act of 1934.
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The appointment and renewal of all of our directors is based on a recommendation of the Nomination Committee, and is subject to approval by
our shareholders’ meeting.
Our Board is our ultimate decision-making body, except for the powers reserved to our shareholders’ meeting by law, or as specified in the
articles of association.
Our Board meets as frequently as our interests require. In addition, special meetings of our Board may be called and held at any time upon the call
of either the chair of our Board or at least two directors. Board meetings are based on a detailed agenda specifying the topics for decision and those for
information. Board decisions are made by a simple majority of the votes cast.
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Principal Nature of Initially Term
Name function directorship appointed expires
Note:
(1) We have determined that Mr. Barrington is an independent director for purposes of Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act.
The mandates of Martin J. Barrington, William F. Gifford and Alejandro Santo Domingo Dávila are scheduled to come to an end at the annual
shareholders’ meeting to be held on 24 April 2019. Their mandates are renewable.
The business address for all of our directors is: Brouwerijplein 1, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
No member of the Board has any conflicts of interest within the meaning of the Belgian Company Code between any duties he/she owes to us and
any private interests and/or other duties.
Ms. Aramburuzabala is a non-executive member of the Board. Born in 1963, she is a citizen of Mexico and holds a degree in Accounting from
ITAM (Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de Mexico). She has served as CEO of Tresalia Capital since 1996. She is currently chair of the Boards of
Directors of Tresalia Capital, KIO Networks, Abilia and Red Universalia. She is also a member of the Advisory Board of Grupo Modelo and was
formerly a member of the Grupo Modelo Board of Directors, and is currently on the Boards of Consejo Mexicano de Negocios and El Universal,
Compañía Periodística Nacional and is an Advisory Board member of ITAM School of Business.
Mr. Barrington is a representative of the Restricted Shareholders. Born in 1953, he is an American citizen and graduated from The College of
Saint Rose with a Bachelor’s Degree in History, and from Albany Law School of Union University with a Juris Doctorate Degree. He is the retired
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of Altria Group. During his 25 years at Altria Group, he served in numerous legal and business roles
for Altria and its companies. These include Vice Chairman of Altria Group; Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer of Altria Group;
Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Philip Morris International (a separate public company spun-off from Altria Group in 2008); and Senior
Vice President and General Counsel of Philip Morris USA. Before joining Altria, Mr. Barrington practiced law in both the government and private
sectors.
Mr. Behring is a representative of the AB InBev main shareholders (nominated by BRC S.à.R.L., the holder of the class B Stichting certificates).
Born in 1967, he is a Brazilian citizen and received a BS in Electrical Engineering from Pontifícia Universidade Católica in Rio de Janeiro and an MBA
from Harvard Business School, having graduated as a Baker Scholar and Loeb Scholar. He is a co-founder and the Managing Partner of 3G Capital, a
global investment firm with offices in New York and Rio de Janeiro, since 2004. Mr. Behring has served as Chair of Restaurant Brands International
since 3G Capital’s acquisition of Burger King in October 2010 and following Burger King’s subsequent acquisition of Tim Hortons in December 2014.
Mr. Behring also serves as Chair of the Kraft Heinz Company following the acquisition of H.J. Heinz Company by Berkshire Hathaway and 3G Capital
in June 2013 and subsequent combination with Kraft Foods Group in July 2015. Additionally, Mr. Behring formerly served as a Director of CSX
Corporation, a leading U.S. rail-based transportation company, from 2008 to 2011. Previously, Mr. Behring spent approximately ten years at GP
Investments, one of Latin America’s premier private-equity firms, including eight years as a partner and member of the firm’s Investment Committee.
He served for seven years, from 1998 through 2004, as a Director and CEO of one of Latin America’s largest railroads, ALL (América Latina
Logística).
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Ms. Burns is an independent member of the Board. Born in 1958, she is an American citizen and graduated Summa Cum Laude from the
University of Georgia with a Bachelor’s Degree in Business Administration and a Master’s Degree in Accountancy. Ms. Burns was the Chair and Chief
Executive Officer of Mercer LLC from 2006 until 2012. She currently serves on the Boards of Directors of The Goldman Sachs Group, where she chairs
the Compensation Committee, Cisco Systems, Etsy and Circle Online Financial, a private company. From 2003 until 2013, she served as a director of
Wal-Mart Stores, where she chaired the Compensation and Nominating Committee and the Strategic Planning and Finance Committee. From 2014 until
2018, she served on the Board of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. She also serves as the Center Fellow and Strategic Advisor to the Stanford Center on
Longevity at Stanford University. Ms. Burns began her career in 1981 at Arthur Andersen, where she became a partner in 1991. In 1999, she joined
Delta Air Lines, assuming the role of Chief Financial Officer from 2000 to 2004. From 2004 to 2006, Ms. Burns served as Chief Financial Officer and
Chief Restructuring Officer of Mirant Corporation, an independent power producer. From March 2006 until September 2006, Ms. Burns served as the
Chief Financial Officer of Marsh and McLennan Companies.
Mr. Cornet de Ways Ruart is a representative of the main shareholders (nominated by Eugénie Patri Sébastien S.A., the holder of the Class A
Stichting certificates). Born in 1968, he is a Belgian citizen and holds a Master’s Degree as a Commercial Engineer from the Catholic University of
Louvain and an MBA from the University of Chicago. He has attended the Master Brewer program at the Catholic University of Louvain. From 2006 to
2011, he worked at Yahoo! and was in charge of Corporate Development for Europe before taking on additional responsibilities as Senior Financial
Director for Audience and Chief of Staff. Prior to joining Yahoo!, Mr. Cornet was Director of Strategy for Orange UK and spent seven years with
McKinsey & Company in London and Palo Alto, California. He is also a non-executive director of Bunge Limited, EPS, Rayvax, Adrien Invest,
Floridienne S.A. and several privately held companies.
Mr. Descheemaeker is a representative of the main shareholders (nominated by Eugénie Patri Sébastien S.A., the holder of the Class A Stichting
certificates). Born in 1960, he is a Belgian citizen and graduated from Solvay Business School. He is the CEO of Nomad Foods, the leader of the
European frozen food sector whose brands include Birds Eye, Findus & Iglo. He joined Interbrew in 1996 as head of Strategy & External Growth,
managing its M&A activities, culminating with the combination of Interbrew and Ambev. In 2004, he transitioned to operational management, first in
charge of Interbrew’s operations in the United States and Mexico, and then as InBev’s Zone President Central and Eastern Europe and eventually,
Western Europe. In 2008, Mr. Descheemaeker ended his operational responsibilities at AB InBev and joined the AB InBev Board as a non-executive
Director. He was appointed Chief Financial Officer of Delhaize Group in late 2008 and served as Chief Executive Officer of Delhaize Europe from
January 2012 until the end of 2013. He is a professor in Business Strategy at the Solvay Business School.
Mr. Goudet is an independent member of the Board. Born in 1964, he is a French citizen, holds a degree in Engineering from l’Ecole Centrale de
Paris and graduated from the ESSEC Business School in Paris with a major in Finance. Mr. Goudet is Partner and CEO of JAB Holding Company, a
position he has held since June 2012. He started his professional career in 1990 at Mars, Inc., serving on the finance team of the French business. After
six years, he left Mars to join the VALEO Group, where he held several senior executive positions, including Group Finance Director. In 1998 he
returned to Mars, where he became Chief Financial Officer in 2004. In 2008, his role was broadened to become the Executive Vice President as well as
CFO. Between June 2012 and November 2015 he served as an Advisor to the Board of Mars. Mr. Goudet is also a Board member of Jacobs Douwe
Egberts, the world’s leading pure play FMCG coffee and tea company; a Board member of Keurig Dr Pepper, a challenger and leader in the North
American beverage market; Chair of Peet’s Coffee & Tea, a premier specialty coffee and tea company; a board member of Caribou Einstein, a premium
coffee and bagel restaurant chain; Chair of Krispy Kreme, an iconic branded retailer of premium quality sweet treats; Chair of Pret A Manger, a leading
company in the ready-to-eat food market; a Board member of Panera Bread Company, the leading fast casual restaurant company in the United States,
and Espresso House, the largest branded coffee shop chain in Scandinavia; and a Board member of Coty Inc., a global leader in beauty.
Mr. Gifford is a representative of the Restricted Shareholders. Born in the United States in 1970, he is an American citizen and graduated from
Virginia Commonwealth University with a Bachelor’s Degree in Accountancy. He serves as Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer of the Altria
Group. In this role, he is responsible for overseeing Altria’s core tobacco businesses and the Finance and Procurement Functions. He also
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oversees the financial services business of Philip Morris Capital Corporation. Prior to his current position, Mr. Gifford was Senior Vice President,
Strategy & Business Development. Since joining Philip Morris USA in 1994, he has served in numerous leadership roles in Finance, Marketing
Information & Consumer Research and as President and Chief Executive Officer of Philip Morris USA. Prior to that, he was Vice President and
Treasurer for Altria where he led various functions including Risk Management, Treasury Management, Benefits Investments, Corporate Finance and
Corporate Financial Planning & Analysis. Prior to joining Philip Morris USA, Mr. Gifford worked at the public accounting firm of Coopers & Lybrand,
which currently is known as PricewaterhouseCoopers.
Mr. Lemann is a representative of the main shareholders (nominated by BRC S.à.R.L., the holder of the class B Stichting certificates). Born in
Brazil in 1968, he is a Brazilian citizen and graduated from Faculdade Candido Mendes in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil with a B.A. in Economics. Mr. Lemann
interned at PriceWaterhouse in 1989 and was employed as an Analyst at Andersen Consulting from 1990 to 1991. Mr. Lemann also performed equity
analysis while at Banco Marka and Dynamo Asset Management (both in Rio de Janeiro). From 1997 to 2004, he developed the hedge fund investment
group at Tinicum Inc., a New York-based investment office that advised the Synergy Fund of Funds, where he served as Portfolio Manager.
Mr. Lemann is a Founding Partner at Vectis Partners and is a board member of Lojas Americanas, Lemann Foundation and Lone Pine Capital.
Mr. Leoni Sceti is an independent member of the Board. Born in 1966, he is an Italian citizen who lives in the UK. He graduated Magna Cum
Laude in Economics from LUISS in Rome, where he passed the Dottore Commercialista post-graduate bar exam. Mr. Leoni Sceti has over 30 years’
experience in the fast-moving consumer goods and media sectors. He is Chief Crafter and Chairman of The Craftory, a global investment house for
purpose-driven challenger brands in FMCG. Mr. Sceti is Chairman of London-based LSG holdings and an early stage investor in Media & Tech, with
over 25 companies in his portfolio. He is also an independent member of the Board at cocoa and chocolate leader Barry Callebaut. Mr. Sceti’s roles in
the non-profit space include being a Trustee and Counsellor at One Young World (a forum for young leaders from over 190 countries) and an advisor
UK board member at Room to Read (promoting literacy and gender equality in education, globally). His previous roles included: CEO
of Iglo Group—whose brands are Birds Eye, Findus & Iglo—until May 2015, when the company was sold to Nomad Foods; Global Chief Executive
Officer of EMI Music from 2008 to 2010; and—prior to EMI—an international career in marketing and senior leadership roles at Procter & Gamble and
Reckitt Benckiser, where he later was CMO, global head of Innovation and then head of the European operations.
Mr. Santo Domingo is a representative of the Restricted Shareholders. Born in 1977, he is a Colombian citizen and obtained a B.A. in History
from Harvard College. He is a Senior Managing Director at Quadrant Capital Advisors, Inc. in New York City. He was a member of the Board of
Directors of SABMiller plc. He was also Vice-Chair of SABMiller plc for Latin America. Mr. Santo Domingo is Chair of the Board of Bavaria S.A. in
Colombia. He is also Chair of the Board of Valorem, a company which manages a diverse portfolio of industrial & media assets in Latin America.
Mr. Santo Domingo is also a director of JDE (Jacobs Douwe Egberts), ContourGlobal plc, Florida Crystals, the world’s largest sugar refiner, Caracol
TV, Colombia’s leading broadcaster, El Espectador, a leading Colombian Daily, and Cine Colombia, Colombia’s leading film distribution and movie
theatre company. In the non-profit sector, he is Chair of the Wildlife Conservation Society, a Member of the Board of Trustees of The Metropolitan
Museum of Art, and the Educational Broadcasting Corporation (WNET Channel Thirteen). Mr. Santo Domingo is a Member of the Board of DKMS
Americas; a foundation dedicated to finding donors for leukemia patients.
Mr. Sicupira is a representative of the main shareholders (nominated by BRC S.à.R.L., the holder of the class B Stichting certificates). Born in
1948, he is a Brazilian citizen and received a Bachelor of Business Administration from Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro and attended the
Owners/Presidents Management Program at Harvard Business School. He has been Chair of Lojas Americanas since 1981, where he also served as
Chief Executive Officer until 1992. He is a member of the Board of Directors of Restaurant Brands International Inc. and the Harvard Business School’s
Board of Dean’s Advisors and a co-founder and Board member of Fundação Estudar, a non-profit organization that provides scholarships for Brazilians.
Mr. de Spoelberch is a representative of the main shareholders (nominated by Eugénie Patri Sébastien S.A., the holder of the Class A Stichting
certificates). Born in 1966, he is a Belgian citizen and holds an MBA from INSEAD. Mr. de Spoelberch is an active private equity shareholder and his
recent activities include shared Chief Executive Officer responsibilities for Lunch Garden, the leading Belgian self-service restaurant chain. He is a
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member of the board of several family-owned companies, such as Eugénie Patri Sébastien S.A., Verlinvest and Cobehold (Cobepa). He is also an
administrator of the Baillet-Latour Fund, a foundation that encourages social, cultural, artistic, technical, sporting, educational and philanthropic
achievements.
Mr. Telles is a representative of the main shareholders (nominated by BRC S.à.R.L., the holder of the class B Stichting certificates). Born in
1950, he is a Brazilian citizen and holds a degree in Economics from Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro and attended the Owners/Presidents
Management Program at Harvard Business School. He was Chief Executive Officer of Brahma and Ambev and was a member of the Board of Directors
of Ambev. He served as member of the Board of Directors of H.J. Heinz Company and now serves as member of the Board of Directors of the Kraft
Heinz Company and of the Board of associates of Insper. He is co-founder and Board member of Fundação Estudar, a non-profit organization that
provides scholarships for Brazilians and a founder and Chair of Ismart, a non-profit organization that provides scholarships to low-income students. He
is also an ambassador for Endeavor, an international non-profit organization that supports entrepreneurs in developing markets.
Mr. Van Damme is a representative of the main shareholders (nominated by Eugénie Patri Sébastien S.A., the holder of the Class A Stichting
certificates). Born in 1962, he is a Belgian citizen and graduated from Solvay Business School, Brussels. Mr. Van Damme joined the beer industry early
in his career and held various operational positions within Interbrew until 1991, including Head of Corporate Planning and Strategy. He has managed
several private venture holding companies and is currently a director of Patri S.A. (Luxembourg), Restaurant Brands International (formerly Burger
King Worldwide Holdings) and the Kraft Heinz Company. He is also an administrator of the charitable, non-profit organization DKMS, the largest bone
marrow donor center in the world.
No member of our Board has a family relationship with any other member of our Board or any member of our Executive Committee, or had a
family relationship with any member of our executive board of management.
Over the five years preceding the date of this Form 20-F, the members of our Board hold or have held the following main directorships (apart
from directorships they have held with us and our subsidiaries) or memberships of administrative, management or supervisory bodies and/or
partnerships:
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Name Current Past
Martin J. Barrington Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond Altria Group, Inc., The College of Saint Rose,
Performing Arts Center L.L.P., Navy Hill NextUp (formerly Middle School Renaissance
District Foundation 2020, LLC)
Alexandre Behring 3G Capital Partners., Restaurant Brands
International and The Kraft Heinz Company
M. Michele Burns Cisco Systems Inc., The Goldman Sachs Group Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Wal-Mart
Inc., Etsy Inc., Circle Internet Financial Stores Inc.
Paul Cornet de Ways Ruart Bunge Ltd, Eugénie Patri Sébastien S.A., Sparflex
Rayvax Société d’Investissement S.A.,
Sebacoop SCRL, Adrien Invest SCRL,
Floridienne S.A., Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Inc.,
Panera Bread Holdings Corp., Peet’s Coffee &
Tea, LLC, Coffee & Bagel Brands Inc.
Company, Inc. and the Stichting
Stéfan Descheemaeker Nomad Foods, Eugénie Patri Sébastien S.A. and Telenet Group Holding NV, Delhaize Group
the Stichting
Olivier Goudet JAB Holding Company, Peet’s Coffee & Tea, Mars Inc., Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company, Agence
LLC, Coty Inc., Jacobs Douwe Egberts BV, Française des Investissements Internationaux
Acorn Holdings B.V., Espresso House Holding and the Washington Performing Arts Society,
AB, Keurig Dr Pepper Inc., Caribou Coffee Jimmy Choo PLC
Company Inc., Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Inc.,
Pret A Manger and Panera Bread Company
William F. Gifford, Jr. Altria Group Inc., Virginia Commonwealth Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,
University School of Business Foundation National Association of Manufacturers,
Greater Richmond Partnership, Inc.
Paulo Alberto Lemann Vectis Partners, Lojas Americanas S.A., Ambev
Lemann Foundation and Lone Pine Capital LLC
Elio Leoni Sceti LSG Holdings, Barry Callebaut, One Young EMI Music, Iglo Group, Beamly Ltd. and
World, The Craftory (Chairman) Nomad Foods
Alejandro Santo Domingo Dávila Quadrant Capital Advisors, Inc., Bavaria S.A., SABMiller plc., Celumóvil S.A., Avianca
Valorem S.A., Jacobs Douwe Egberts (JDE) S.A., Sofasa S.A., Cervecería Nacional S.A.
Cine Colombia S.A., Organización Decameron (Panamá), Compañía de Cervezas Nacionales
S. de R.L., Florida Crystals Corporation, S.A. (Ecuador), Union de Cervecerías
Caracol Televisión S.A., Metropolitan Museum Peruanas Backus & Johnston S.A.A., Keurig
of Art, Wildlife Conservation Society, DKMS Green Mountain (KGM), Millicom
and Fundación Mario Santo Domingo, Contour International Cellular SA
Global plc
Carlos Alberto Sicupira Restaurant Brands International, Lojas B2W Companhia Global do Varejo, São
Americanas S.A., 3G Capital Partners, Fundaçao Carlos Empreendimentos e Participações S.A.,
Estudar and the Stichting Burger King Worldwide, Inc.
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Name Current Past
Grégoire de Spoelberch Agemar S.A., Wernelin S.A., Fiprolux S.A., Atanor,(1) Amantelia,(1) Demeter Finance,
Eugénie Patri Sébastien S.A., the Stichting, Lunch Garden Services,(1) Lunch Garden,(1)
G.D.S. Consult, Cobehold, Compagnie Benelux Lunch Garden Management,(1) Lunch Garden
Participations, Vervodev, Wesparc, Groupe Josi, Finance,(1) Lunch Garden Concepts,(1) HEC
(1) Financière Stockel,(1) Immobilière du Canal, Partners,(1) Q.C.C.,(1) A.V.G. Catering
(1) Verlinvest,(1) Midi Developpement,(1) Equipment,(1) Immo Drijvers-Stevens and(1)
Solferino Holding S.A., Zencar S.A., Clearvolt Elpo-Cuisinex Wholesale(1) Navarin S.A.
S.A. and Fonds Baillet Latour
Marcel Herrmann Telles 3G Capital Partners, The Kraft Heinz Company, Ambev, Lojas Americanas S.A., São Carlos
Fundação Estudar, Instituto Social María Telles Empreendimentos e Participações S.A.,
and the Stichting Editora Abril S.A. GP Investimentos and
Instituto Veris—IBMEC São Paulo, Burger
King Worldwide Holdings, Inc., Itau/Unibanco
International, Instituto de Desenvolvimento
Gerencial—INDG, and Harvard Business
School’s Board of Dean’s Advisors
Alexandre Van Damme Restaurant Brands International, the Stichting, UCB S.A., Keurig Green Mountain (KGM),
Eugénie Patri Sébastien, S.A., the Kraft Heinz Jacobs Douwe Egberts (JDE) and Fonds
Company and DKMS Baillet Latour
Note:
(1) As permanent representative.
Until 31 December 2018, our Chief Executive Officer led an executive board of management comprised of the Chief Executive Officer, our global
functional heads (or “Chiefs”) and our zone presidents.
Effective 1 January 2018, Michel Doukeris became Zone President North America and CEO of Anheuser-Busch Companies, following his
previous role as Chief Sales Officer and succeeding João Castro Neves.
Effective 1 January 2018, David Almeida became Chief People Officer and, until 1 January 2019, Chief Sales Officer ad interim, following his
previous role as Chief Integration Officer and succeeding Claudio Garcia.
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Effective 31 January 2018, Claudio Braz Ferro, Chief Supply Integration Officer, left the company.
Effective 31 August 2018, Mauricio Leyva, Zone President Middle Americas, left the company.
Effective 1 January 2019, Jason Warner became Zone President Europe, following his previous role as BU President Northern Europe.
Effective 1 January 2019, Lucas Herscovici became Chief Non-Alcohol Beverages Officer, following his previous role as Global Marketing VP of
Strategic Functions.
Effective 1 January 2019, Pablo Panizza became Chief Owned-Retail Officer, following his previous role as BU President for BU Rio de la Plata.
As announced on 26 July 2018, effective 1 January 2019, our executive board of management became an Executive Committee, comprised of our
Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial and Solutions Officer, Chief External Affairs and Strategy Officer and General Counsel and Company
Secretary. Our senior leadership team includes all members of the Executive Committee, all other functional chiefs and our zone presidents. For the year
ending 31 December 2019, the Executive Committee will be “senior management” for the purposes of the Form 20-F.
The Executive Committee reports to our Chief Executive Officer and works with our Board on matters such as corporate governance, general
management of our company and the implementation of corporate strategy as defined by our Board. The Executive Committee shall perform such duties
as may be assigned to it from time to time by our Chief Executive Officer or our Board.
Although exceptions can be made in special circumstances, the upper age limit for the members of our Executive Committee is 65, unless their
employment contract provides otherwise.
As of 31 December 2018, our executive board of management consisted of the following members:
Name Function
Carlos Brito Chief Executive Officer
David Almeida Chief People Officer and Chief Sales Officer ad interim
John Blood General Counsel and Company Secretary
Felipe Dutra Chief Financial and Solutions Officer
Pedro Earp Chief Disruptive Growth Officer
David Kamenetzky Chief Strategy and External Affairs Officer
Peter Kraemer Chief Supply Officer
Tony Milikin Chief Sustainability and Procurement Officer
Miguel Patricio Chief Marketing Officer
Ricardo Tadeu Zone President Africa
Jean Jereissati Zone President Asia Pacific North
Jan Craps Zone President Asia Pacific South
Stuart MacFarlane Zone President Europe
Ricardo Moreira Zone President Latin America COPEC
Bernardo Pinto Paiva Zone President Latin America North
Carlos Lisboa Zone President Latin America South
Michel Doukeris Zone President North America
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As of 1 January 2019, our Executive Committee consists of the following members:
Name Function
Carlos Brito Chief Executive Officer
John Blood General Counsel and Company Secretary
Felipe Dutra Chief Financial and Solutions Officer
David Kamenetzky Chief Strategy and External Affairs Officer
As of 1 January 2019, and in addition to the members of our Executive Committee, our senior leadership team consists of the following:
Name Function
David Almeida Chief People Officer
Pedro Earp Chief Marketing and ZX Ventures Officer
Lucas Herscovici Chief Non-Alcohol Beverages Officer
Peter Kraemer Chief Supply Officer
Tony Milikin Chief Sustainability and Procurement Officer
Pablo Panizza Chief Owned-Retail Officer
Miguel Patricio Chief Special Global Projects – Marketing
Ricardo Tadeu Chief Sales Officer
Jan Craps Zone President Asia Pacific (APAC)
Michel Doukeris Zone President North America
Carlos Lisboa Zone President Middle Americas
Ricardo Moreira Zone President Africa
Bernardo Pinto Paiva Zone President South America
Jason Warner Zone President Europe
The business address for all of these executives is: Brouwerijplein 1, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Carlos Brito is our CEO and, from 1 January 2019, a member of the Executive Committee. Born in 1960, he is a Brazilian citizen and received a
Degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro and an MBA from Stanford University Graduate School of
Business. Mr. Brito joined the group in 1989 where he held roles in Finance, Operations, and Sales, before being appointed Chief Executive Officer in
January 2004. He was appointed Zone President North America at InBev in January 2005 and Chief Executive Officer in December 2005. He is a
member of the board of directors of Ambev and of the Advisory Board of Grupo Modelo. He is also an Advisory Council Member of the Stanford
Graduate School of Business and serves on the Advisory Board of the Tsinghua University School of Economics and Management.
David Almeida is our Chief People Officer. Born in 1976, Mr. Almeida is a dual citizen of the U.S. and Brazil and holds a Bachelor’s Degree in
Economics from the University of Pennsylvania. Most recently, he served as Chief Integration Officer and Chief Sales Officer ad interim, having
previously held the positions of Vice President, U.S. Sales and of Vice President, Finance for the North American organization. Prior to that, he served
as InBev’s head of mergers and acquisitions, where he led the combination with Anheuser-Busch Companies in 2008 and subsequent integration
activities in the U.S. Before joining the group in 1998, he worked at Salomon Brothers in New York as a financial analyst in the Investment Banking
division.
John Blood is our General Counsel and Company Secretary and, from 1 January 2019, a member of the Executive Committee. Born in 1967,
Mr. Blood is a U.S. citizen and holds a bachelor’s degree from Amherst College and a JD degree from the University of Michigan Law School.
Mr. Blood joined AB InBev in 2009 as Vice President Legal, Commercial and M&A where he focused on global Mergers & Acquisitions, Compliance
and Corporate law. Most recently Mr. Blood was Zone Vice President Legal & Corporate Affairs in North America where he has led the legal and
corporate affairs agenda for the United States and Canada. Prior to joining the company, Mr. Blood led the corporate and litigation teams in Diageo’s
North American business where he had been primary counsel to its U.S. hard liquor, wine and beer divisions over his tenure.
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Jan Craps is our Zone President Asia Pacific since 1 January 2019. Born in 1977, Mr. Craps is a Belgian citizen and obtained a Degree in
Business Engineering from KU Brussels and a Master’s Degree in Business Engineering from KU Leuven, Belgium. He has also completed post-
graduate programs in Marketing and Strategy from INSEAD in France, and the Kellogg School of Management and Wharton Business School in the
United States. Mr. Craps was an associate consultant with McKinsey & Company before joining Interbrew in 2002. He acquired a range of international
experiences in a number of senior marketing, sales and logistics executive positions in France and Belgium. In 2011, he relocated to Canada where he
was appointed Head of Sales for Canada followed by his appointment as President and CEO of Labatt Breweries of Canada in 2014. Until 31 December
2018, he held the position of Zone President Asia Pacific South.
Michel Doukeris is our Zone President North America. Born in 1973, he is a Brazilian citizen and holds a Degree in Chemical Engineering from
Federal University of Santa Catarina in Brazil and a Master’s Degree in Marketing from Fundação Getulio Vargas, also in Brazil. He has also completed
post-graduate programs in Marketing and Marketing Strategy from the Kellogg School of Management and Wharton Business School in the United
States. Mr. Doukeris joined the group in 1996 and held sales positions of increasing responsibility before becoming Vice President, Soft Drinks for AB
InBev’s Latin America North Zone in 2008. He was appointed President, AB InBev China in January 2010 and Zone President, Asia Pacific in January
2013. In January 2017, Mr. Doukeris became Chief Sales Officer.
Felipe Dutra is our Chief Financial and Solutions Officer and, from 1 January 2019, a member of the Executive Committee. Born in 1965,
Mr. Dutra is a Brazilian citizen and holds a Degree in Economics from Candido Mendes and an MBA in Controlling from Universidade de Sao Paulo.
He joined the group in 1990 from Aracruz Celulose, a major Brazilian manufacturer of pulp and paper. At Ambev, he held various positions in Treasury
and Finance before being appointed General Manager of one of AB InBev’s subsidiaries. Mr. Dutra was appointed Ambev’s Chief Financial Officer in
1999 and our Chief Financial Officer in January 2005. In 2014, Mr. Dutra became AB InBev’s Chief Financial and Solutions Officer. He is also a
member of the board of directors of Ambev and of the advisory board of Grupo Modelo and was formerly a member of the Grupo Modelo board of
directors.
Pedro Earp is our Chief Marketing and ZX Ventures Officer since 1 January 2019. Born in 1977, he is a Brazilian citizen and holds a Bachelor of
Science degree in Financial Economics from the London School of Economics. Mr. Earp joined Ambev in 2000 as a Global Management Trainee in the
Latin America North Zone. In 2002, he became responsible for the Zone’s M&A team and in 2005 he moved to InBev’s global headquarters in Leuven,
Belgium to become Global Director, M&A. Later, he was appointed Vice President, Strategic Planning in Canada in 2006, Global Vice President,
Insights and Innovation in 2007, Global Vice President, M&A in 2009 and Vice President, Marketing for the Latin America North Zone in 2013. He
was appointed Chief Disruptive Growth Officer of AB InBev in February 2015 and held the role until 31 December 2018.
Lucas Herscovici is our Chief Non-Alcohol Beverages Officer since 1 January 2019. Born in 1977, he is an Argentinean citizen and received a
degree in Industrial Engineering from the Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires. Mr. Herscovici joined us in 2002 as a Global Management Trainee in
our Latin America South Zone and has built his career in marketing and sales. After working in Argentina in several commercial roles, became head of
innovation for global brands and, later, Global Marketing Director of Stella Artois. In 2011, he was responsible opening the “Beer Garage,” our global
digital innovation office based out of Palo Alto, California. In 2012, he joined the North America Zone to become VP Digital Marketing and, in 2014,
he was appointed VP Consumer Connections for the United States. In 2017, he was appointed Global Marketing VP of Insights, Innovation and
Consumer Connections, and held such role until 31 December 2018.
David Kamenetzky is our Chief Strategy and External Affairs Officer and, from 1 January 2019, a member of the Executive Committee. Born in
1969, he is a Swiss citizen and graduated from the University of St. Gallen, Switzerland, with a lic. oec. (diploma) in finance, accounting and
controlling, and from Georgetown University, Washington DC, with a master of science in foreign service. Until 2016, Mr. Kamenetzky served on the
management team of Mars, Incorporated. He left Mars after a ten-year tenure and successfully set up his own growth capital fund for disruptive food
and beverage companies. Prior to joining Mars, Mr. Kamenetzky worked for Goldman Sachs & Co. in London and Frankfurt. He started his professional
career by working for the Jewish community in Germany on the commemoration of Holocaust victims, the restitution of stolen assets and the promotion
of civic community engagement. In 2000, the World Economic Forum recognized his contributions in these areas by naming him a Global Leader for
Tomorrow.
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Peter Kraemer is our Chief Supply Officer. Born in 1965, he is a U.S. citizen. A fifth-generation Brewmaster and native of St. Louis,
Mr. Kraemer holds a Bachelor’s degree in Chemical Engineering from Purdue University and a Master’s degree in Business Administration from St.
Louis University. He joined Anheuser-Busch 30 years ago and has held various brewing positions over the years, including Group Director of Brewing
and Resident Brewmaster of the St. Louis brewery. In 2008, Mr. Kraemer became Vice President, Supply, for AB InBev’s North America Zone, leading
all brewery operations, quality assurance, raw materials and product innovation responsibilities. He was appointed Chief Supply Officer of AB InBev in
March 2016.
Carlos Lisboa is our Zone President Middle Americas since 1 January 2019. Born in 1969, Mr. Lisboa is a Brazilian citizen and received a
Degree in Business Administration from the Catholic University of Pernambuco and a Marketing specialization from FESP, both in Brazil. Mr. Lisboa
joined the group in 1993 and has built his career in marketing and sales. He was responsible for building the Skol brand in Brazil in 2001 and after that
became Marketing Vice President for AB InBev’s Latin American North Zone. Mr. Lisboa then led the International Business Unit in AB InBev’s Latin
America South Zone for two years prior to becoming Business Unit President for Canada. In 2015, he was appointed Marketing Vice President for AB
InBev’s Global Brands. Most recently, Mr. Lisboa held the role of Zone President Latin America South until 31 December 2018.
Tony Milikin is our Chief Sustainability and Procurement Officer. Mr. Milikin joined AB InBev in April 2008 and is responsible for all
procurement, sustainability and vertical operations and value creation globally. AB InBev’s vertical operations consists of 70+ facilities and 10,000
employees and a strategic partner to our supply organization. AB InBev’s value creation uses circular economic opportunities to create value from our
waste. Born in 1961, he is a U.S. citizen and holds an undergraduate Finance Degree from the University of Florida and an MBA in Marketing from
Texas Christian University in Fort Worth, Texas. Tony joined AB InBev from MeadWestvaco, where he was Vice President, Supply Chain and Chief
Purchasing Officer, based in Richmond, Virginia. Prior to joining MeadWestvaco, he held various purchasing, transportation and supply positions with
increasing responsibilities at Monsanto and Alcon Laboratories.
Ricardo Moreira is our Zone President Africa since 1 January 2019. Born in 1971, he is a Portuguese citizen and received a Degree in
Mechanical Engineering from Rio de Janeiro Federal University in Brazil and a specialization in Management from University of Chicago in the United
States. Mr. Moreira joined the group in 1995 and held various positions in the sales and finance organizations prior to becoming Regional Sales Director
in 2001. He subsequently held positions as Vice President Logistics & Procurement for Latin America North, Business Unit President for Hispanic Latin
America (HILA) and Vice President Soft Drinks Latin America North. In 2013, Mr. Moreira moved to Mexico to head our sales, marketing and
distribution organizations and lead the commercial integration of Grupo Modelo. Most recently, Mr. Moreira held the role of Zone President Latin
America COPEC until 31 December 2018.
Pablo Panizza is our Chief Owned-Retail Officer since 1 January 2019. Born in 1975, he is an Argentinean citizen and holds a degree in
Industrial Engineering from the Universidad de Buenos Aires. Pablo manages our existing owned retail business, coordinating cross-market initiatives,
sharing best practices and shaping its strategy. He joined our company in 2000 as a Global Management Trainee in the Latin America South Zone and
has spent almost two decades developing a career in the commercial area. After holding senior roles in Argentina and Global Headquarters, he led our
business in Chile and Paraguay. He most recently served as Business Unit President for Argentina and Uruguay.
Miguel Patricio is our Chief of Special Global Projects. Born in 1966, he is a Portuguese citizen and holds a Degree in Business Administration
from Fundação Getulio Vargas in São Paulo. Prior to joining Ambev in 1998, Mr. Patricio held several senior positions across the Americas at Philip
Morris, The Coca-Cola Company and Johnson & Johnson. At Ambev, he was Vice President, Marketing before being appointed Vice President,
Marketing of InBev’s North American zone based in Toronto in January 2005. In January 2006, he was promoted to Zone President, North America,
and in January 2008 he moved to Shanghai to take on the role of Zone President, Asia Pacific. He became our Chief Marketing Officer in July 2012 and
held the position until 31 December 2018.
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Bernardo Pinto Paiva is our Zone President South America. Born in 1968, he is a Brazilian citizen and holds a Degree in Engineering from
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro and an Executive MBA from Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro. Mr. Pinto Paiva joined the
group in 1991 as a management trainee and during his career at AB InBev has held leadership positions in sales, supply, distribution and finance. He
was appointed Zone President, North America in January 2008 and Zone President, Latin America South in January 2009 before becoming Chief Sales
Officer in January 2012. Effective 1 January 2015, he became Zone President, Latin America North and CEO of Ambev.
Ricardo Tadeu is our Chief Sales Officer since 1 January 2019. Born in 1976, he is a Brazilian citizen, and received a law degree from the
Universidade Cândido Mendes in Brazil and a Master of Laws from Harvard Law School in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He is also Six Sigma Black Belt
certified. He joined the group in 1995 and has held various roles across the Commercial area. He was appointed Business Unit President for operations
in Hispanic Latin America in 2005, and served as Business Unit President, Brazil from 2008 to 2012. He served as Zone President, Mexico from 2013
until his appointment as Zone President Africa upon completion of the Combination in 2016. Mr. Tadeu held the role of Zone President Africa until
31 December 2018.
Jason Warner is our Zone President Europe since 1 January 2019. Born in 1973, he is a dual British and U.S. citizen and received a BSc Eng.
Hons. Industrial Business Studies degree from DeMontfort University in the United Kingdom. Prior to his current role, he was Business Unit President
for North Europe between 2015 and 2018. He joined AB InBev in July 2009 as Global VP Budweiser, based in New York, before moving into a dual
role of Global VP Budweiser and Marketing VP. He has also held Global VP roles for Corona as well as Innovation and Renovation. Prior to joining
AB InBev, he held various positions at The Coca-Cola Company and Nestlé.
No member of our executive board of management had, and no member of the Executive Committee has, any conflicts of interests between any
duties he/she owed to us and any private interests and/or other duties.
No member of our executive board of management had, and no member of the Executive Committee has, a family relationship with any director
or member of executive management.
Over the five years preceding the date of this Form 20-F, the members of the executive board of management as of 31 December 2018 had, and
the members of the Executive Committee have, held the following main directorships (apart from directorships they have held with us and our
subsidiaries) or memberships of administrative, management or supervisory bodies and/or partnerships:
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Name Current Past
Carlos Brito Member of the Board of Trustees and Finance IAB Council Member of the China
Committee of the Greenwich Academy, Inc. Europe International Business
School (CEIBS)
Member of the Advisory Board of the Tsinghua
University School of Economics and
Management
Member of the CEO Group at the International
Alliance for Responsible Drinking (IARD)
Member of the Global Brewers Initiative (GBI)
Advisory Council Member of Stanford Graduate
School of Business
Jan Craps Member of the Board of Melbourne Business Member of the Board of DrinkWise
School in Australia, IAB Council Member of the in Australia
China Europe International Business School
(CEIBS)
Michel Doukeris Chairman of U.S. Beer Institute IAB Council Member of the China
Europe International Business
School (CEIBS)
Felipe Dutra — Director of Whitby School
Pedro Earp — Voxus
Lucas Herscovici — —
David Kamenetzky DKSH Holding, Zume Inc. —
Pete Kraemer Member of the Board of Civic Progress in St American Malting and Barley
Louis, MO Association
Carlos Lisboa — —
Tony Milikin — Director of the Institute of Supply
Management and Director of
Supply Chain Council
Ricardo Moreira — —
Pablo Panizza — —
Miguel Patricio — —
Bernardo Pinto Paiva Director of Fundaçao Antonio e Helena —
Zerrenner
Ricardo Tadeu — —
Jason Warner — —
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B. COMPENSATION
Introduction
Our compensation system has been designed and approved to help motivate high performance. The goal is to deliver market-leading
compensation, driven by both company and individual performance, and alignment with shareholders’ interests by encouraging ownership of our shares.
Our focus is on annual and long-term variable pay, rather than on base salary or fees.
Our compensation system and remuneration policies are identical to those of former AB InBev. Therefore, information or references to plans,
policies, decisions and changes regarding the compensation system of former AB InBev that are reported below remain relevant and applicable to our
current compensation system.
In addition, from time to time, we make exceptional grants to our employees and employees of our subsidiaries or grants of shares, restricted stock
units or options under plans established by us or by certain of our subsidiaries.
From 2007 onwards, LTI warrants have a duration of five years. LTI warrants are subject to a vesting period ranging from one to three years.
Except as a result of the death of the holder, LTI warrants may not be transferred. Forfeiture of a warrant occurs in certain circumstances when the
holder leaves our employment. At the annual shareholders’ meeting of former AB InBev on 30 April 2014, all outstanding LTI warrants under our LTI
Warrant Plan were converted into LTI stock options, i.e., the right to purchase existing shares of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV instead of the right to
subscribe to newly issued shares. All other terms and conditions of the existing grants under the LTI Warrant Plan remain unchanged.
Since 2007, members of our executive board of management (until 31 December 2018) and, as of 1 January 2019, the Executive Committee, and
other employees are no longer eligible to receive warrants under the LTI Warrant Plan, but instead receive a portion of their compensation in the form of
shares and options granted under our Share-Based Compensation Plan and LTI Stock Option Plan Executives. See “—Share-Based Compensation Plan”
and “—LTI Stock Option Plan Executives” below. Since 2014, our directors are no longer eligible to receive warrants under the LTI Warrant Plan.
Instead, on 30 April 2014, the annual shareholders’ meeting of former AB InBev decided to replace the LTI Warrant Plan with the LTI Stock Option
Plan Directors. As a result, grants to our directors now consist of LTI stock options instead of LTI warrants, i.e., the right to purchase existing shares
instead of the right to subscribe to newly issued shares. Grants are made annually at our shareholders’ meeting on a discretionary basis upon
recommendation of our Remuneration Committee. See “—C. Board Practices—Information about Our Committees—The Remuneration Committee.”
Following the completion of the combination with SAB on 10 October 2016, all rights and obligations attached to the outstanding LTI stock
options of former AB InBev have been automatically transferred to us (as the absorbing company), with each outstanding LTI stock option giving a
right to a share of AB InBev (the absorbing company) instead of a share of former AB InBev (the absorbed company).
LTI stock options have an exercise price that is set equal to the market price of our shares at the time of granting, with a maximum lifetime of 10
years and an exercise period that starts after five years. The LTI stock options vest after five years. Unvested options are subject to specific forfeiture
provisions in the event that the directorship is not renewed upon the expiry of its term or is terminated in the course of its term, both due to a breach of
duty by the director.
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The table below provides an overview of all of the options outstanding under our LTI Warrant Plan as of 31 December 2018:
Note:
(1) At the annual shareholders’ meeting of former AB InBev on 30 April 2014, all outstanding LTI warrants under our LTI Warrant Plan (see “—LTI
Warrant Plan”) were converted into LTI stock options, i.e., the right to purchase existing shares instead of the right to subscribe to newly issued
shares. All other terms and conditions of the existing grants under the LTI Warrant Plan remained unchanged.
(2) The number of stock options granted reflects the number of warrants originally granted under the LTI Warrant Plan, plus the number of additional
warrants granted to holders of those warrants as a result of the adjustment resulting from the rights offering by former AB InBev in December
2008, as described in more detail below. The number of stock options remaining outstanding from such grants, and their respective exercise
prices, are shown separately in the table based on whether or not the relevant warrants, which have subsequently been converted to stock options,
were adjusted in connection with the rights offering in December 2008.
(3) Entries in the “unadjusted” columns reflect the number of stock options outstanding, and the exercise price of such stock options, in each case that
were not adjusted as a result of the rights offering in December 2008, as described in more detail below.
(4) Entries in the “adjusted” columns reflect the adjusted number of stock options outstanding, and the adjusted exercise price of such stock options as
a result of the rights offering in December 2008, as described in more detail below.
As of 31 December 2018, the total number of stock options and warrants granted under the LTI Warrant Plan since 1999, including the additional
warrants granted to compensate for the effects of the December 2008 rights offering, is approximately 20.8 million. As of 31 December 2018, no stock
options remained under the LTI Warrant Plan.
The table below provides an overview of all of the stock options outstanding under our new LTI Stock Option Plan Directors as of 31 December
2018:
Number of Number of
Grant date of Expiry date of options options Exercise
stock options stock options granted outstanding price
(in millions) (in millions) (in EUR)
30 April 2014 29 April 2024 0.185 0.185 80.83
29 April 2015 28 April 2025 0.236 0.236 113.10
27 April 2016 27 April 2026 0.236 0.236 113.25
26 April 2017 26 April 2027 0.221 0.221 104.50
25 April 2018 25 April 2028 0.228 0.228 84.47
Total 1.105 1.105
As of 31 December 2018, the total number of stock options granted under the LTI Stock Option Plan Directors is 1.105 million. As of
31 December 2018, of the 1.105 million outstanding options, none were vested.
For additional information on the LTI stock options held by members of our Board of Directors and members of our executive board of
management, see “—Compensation of Directors and Executives.”
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Share-Based Compensation Plan
Since 2006, members of our executive board of management (until 31 December 2018) and, as of 1 January 2019, our Executive Committee and
certain other senior employees are granted variable compensation under our Share-Based Compensation Plan. On 5 March 2010, the general structure of
the compensation under the plan was modified.
Through 2009, pursuant to the Share-Based Compensation Plan, eligible employees could elect to receive the other half of their variable
compensation in cash or invest all or half of it in our shares. These shares must be held for five years. If an eligible employee voluntarily agreed to defer
receiving part of their variable compensation by electing to invest in such shares, they would receive matching options (that is, rights to acquire existing
shares) that will become vested after five years, provided that certain pre-defined financial targets are met or exceeded. These targets which required our
return on invested capital less our weighted average cost of capital over a period of three to five years to exceed certain pre-agreed thresholds were met
for all matching options granted. The number of matching options received was determined based on the proportion of the remaining 50% of the eligible
employee’s variable compensation that he invested in such shares. For instance, if an eligible employee invested all of the remaining 50% of his or her
variable compensation in our shares, he or she received a number of options equal to 4.6 times the number of shares he or she purchased, based on the
gross amount of the variable compensation invested. If the eligible employee instead chose to receive 25% of his or her total variable compensation in
cash and invests the remaining 25% in our shares, he or she would receive a number of options equal to 2.3 times the number of shares he or she
purchased, based on the gross amount of the variable compensation invested.
The shares granted and purchased under the Share-Based Compensation Plan through 2009 were ordinary registered shares of former AB InBev.
Holders of such shares have the same rights as any other registered shareholder, subject, however, to a three-year or five-year lock-up period, as
described above.
In addition, the shares granted and purchased under the Share-Based Compensation Plan through 2009 are:
• entitled to dividends paid as from the date of granting; and
• granted and purchased at the market price at the time of granting. Nevertheless, our Board of Directors could, at its sole discretion, grant a
discount on the market price.
The matching options granted under the Share-Based Compensation Plan have the following features:
• the exercise price is set equal to the market price of our shares at the time of granting;
• options have a maximum life of 10 years and an exercise period that starts after five years, subject to financial performance conditions to be
met at the end of the second, third or fourth year following the granting;
• upon exercise, each option entitles the option holder to purchase one share; and
• specific restrictions or forfeiture provisions apply in case the grantee leaves our employment.
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Following the completion of the combination with SAB on 10 October 2016, all rights and obligations attached to the outstanding matching
options of former AB InBev have been automatically transferred to us (as the absorbing company), with each outstanding matching option giving a right
to a share of AB InBev (the absorbing company) instead of a share of former AB InBev (the absorbed company).
The table below gives an overview of the matching options that were granted under the Share-Based Compensation Plan that were outstanding as
of 31 December 2018:
Number of Number of
Number of matching matching
shares options options Exercise Expiry date of
Issue Date granted granted(2) outstanding price options
(in millions) (in millions) (in millions) (in EUR)
3 March 2008 0.42 1.66 0 34.34 2 March 2018
6 March 2009 0.16 0.40 0.014 20.49 5 March 2019
14 August 2009 1.10 3.76 0.330 27.06 13 August 2019
1 December 2009(1) — 0.46 0.004 33.24 2 March 2018
1 December 2009(1) — 0.02 0 33.24 5 March 2019
5 March 2010 0.28 0.70 0.173 36.52 4 March 2020
30 November 2010(1) — 0.02 0 42.41 2 March 2018
30 November 2010(1) — 0.03 0.003 42.41 13 August 2019
30 November 2010(1) — 0.03 0.025 42.41 4 March 2020
30 November 2011(1) — 0.01 0 44.00 2 March 2018
30 November 2011(1) — 0.01 0 44.00 5 March 2019
30 November 2011(1) — 0.03 0 44.00 13 August 2019
30 November 2011(1) — 0.01 0 44.00 4 March 2020
25 January 2013(1) — 0.01 0 67.60 2 March 2018
25 January 2013(1) — 0.01 0 67.60 13 August 2019
25 January 2013(1) — 0.01 0 67.60 4 March 2020
15 May 2013(1) — 0.05 0 75.82 2 March 2018
15 May 2013(1) — 0.04 0.042 75.82 5 March 2019
15 May 2013(1) — 0.08 0.078 75.82 13 August 2019
15 May 2013(1) — 0.01 0 75.82 4 March 2020
15 January 2014(1) — 0.002 0 75.29 2 March 2018
15 January 2014(1) — 0.005 0 75.29 5 March 2019
15 January 2014(1) — 0.005 0.003 75.29 13 August 2019
15 January 2014(1) — 0.007 0.002 75.29 4 March 2020
12 June 2014(1) — 0.006 0.006 83.29 13 August 2019
12 June 2014(1) — 0.002 0.002 83.29 4 March 2020
1 December 2014(1) — 0.002 0 94.46 4 March 2020
Total 1.96 7.38 0.679
Note:
(1) Following the establishment of our New York functional support office, we established a “dividend waiver” program, which aims at encouraging
the international mobility of executives while complying with all legal and tax obligations. According to this program, where applicable, the
dividend protection feature of the outstanding matching options owned by executives who moved to the United States has been canceled. In order
to compensate for the economic loss resulting from this cancellation, a number of new matching options have been granted to these executives
with a value equal to this economic loss. The new options have a strike price equal to the share price on the day preceding the grant date of the
options. All other terms and conditions, in particular with respect to vesting, exercise limitations and forfeiture rules of the new options, are
identical to the outstanding matching options for which the dividend protection feature was canceled. The table above includes the new options.
(2) The Share-Based Compensation Plan terms and conditions provide that, in the event that a corporate change decided by us and having an impact
on our capital has an unfavorable effect on the exercise price of the matching options, the exercise price and/or number of our shares to which the
options relate will be adjusted to
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protect the interests of the option holders. The December 2008 rights offering by former AB InBev constituted such a corporate change and triggered an
adjustment. Pursuant to the Share-Based Compensation Plan terms and conditions, the unexercised matching options were adjusted in the same manner
as the unexercised LTI warrants (see “—LTI Warrant Plan” above), and 1.37 million new matching options were granted in 2008 in connection with this
adjustment. The table above reflects the adjusted exercise price and number of options.
As of 31 December 2018, all of the 0.679 million outstanding matching options were vested.
Matching shares and discounted shares are granted in the form of restricted stock units which will be vested after five years. In case of termination
of service before the vesting date, special forfeiture rules will apply. No performance conditions apply to the vesting of the restricted stock units.
However, restricted stock units will only be granted under the double condition that the executive:
• has earned a bonus, which is subject to the successful achievement of total company, business unit and individual performance targets
(performance condition); and
• has agreed to reinvest all or part of his or her bonus in company shares that are locked up for a five-year period (ownership condition).
Depending on local regulations, the cash element in the variable compensation may be replaced by options which are linked to a stock market
index or an investment fund of listed European blue-chip companies.
In accordance with the authorization granted in our bylaws, the variable compensation system deviates from article 520 of the Belgian Company
Code, as it allows:
• for the variable remuneration to be paid out based on the achievement of annual targets without staggering its grant or payment over a three-
year period. However, executives are encouraged to invest
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some or all of their variable compensation in voluntary shares, which are locked up for five years. Such voluntary investment also leads to a
grant of matching shares in the form of restricted stock units which only vest after five years, ensuring sustainable long-term performance;
and
• for the voluntary shares granted under the Share-Based Compensation Plan to vest at their grant, instead of applying a vesting period of a
minimum of three years. Nonetheless, as indicated above, the voluntary shares remain locked up for five years. On the other hand, any
matching shares that are granted will only vest after five years.
During 2018, we issued 1.49 million matching restricted stock units pursuant to the new Share-Based Compensation Plan as described above, in
relation to the 2017 bonus.
Following the completion of the combination with SAB on 10 October 2016, all rights and obligations attached to the outstanding restricted stock
units of former AB InBev have been automatically transferred to us (as the absorbing company), with each outstanding restricted stock unit giving a
right to a share of AB InBev (the absorbing company) instead of a share of former AB InBev (the absorbed company).
Following the completion of the combination with SAB on 10 October 2016, all rights and obligations attached to the outstanding LTI stock
options of former AB InBev have been automatically transferred to us (as the absorbing company), with each outstanding LTI stock option giving a
right to a share of AB InBev (the absorbing company) instead of a share of former AB InBev (the absorbed company).
The table below gives an overview of the LTI stock options on our shares that have been granted under the LTI Stock Option Plans outstanding as
of 31 December 2018:
Number of Number of
LTI stock LTI stock
options options Exercise
Issue Date granted outstanding price Expiry date of options
(in millions) (in millions) (in EUR)
18 December 2009 1.54 0.70 35.90 17 December 2019
30 November 2010 2.80 1.22 42.41 29 November 2020
30 November 2011 2.85 1.50 44.00 29 November 2021
30 November 2012 2.75 2.01 66.56 29 November 2022
14 December 2012 0.22 0.15 66.88 13 December 2022
2 December 2013 2.48 1.95 75.15 1 December 2023
19 December 2013 0.37 0.28 74.49 18 December 2023
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Number of Number of
LTI stock LTI stock
options options Exercise Expiry date of
Issue Date granted outstanding price options
(in millions) (in millions) (in EUR)
1 December 2014 30 November
2.48 1.98 94.46 2024
17 December 2014 16 December
0.53 0.42 88.53 2024
1 December 2015 30 November
1.63 1.30 121.95 2025
22 December 2015 21 December
1.86 1.53 113.00 2025
1 December 2016 30 November
2.32 2.05 98.04 2026
15 December 2016 14 December
1.15 1.01 97.99 2026
13 January 2017 12 January
0.02 0.01 99.01 2027
20 January 2017 19 January
0.96 0.87 98.85 2027
5 May 2017 0.52 0.26 109.10 4 May 2027
1 December 2017 30 November
4.79 4.59 96.70 2027
22 January 2018 21 January
1.05 1.03 94.36 2028
8 March 2018 7 March
0.27 0.27 89.43 2028
3 December 2018 2 December
4.67 4.67 67.64 2028
The table below gives an overview of the LTI stock options on our ADS that have been granted under the LTI Stock Option Plans outstanding as
of 31 December 2018:
Number of Number of
LTI stock LTI stock
options options Exercise Expiry date of
Issue Date granted outstanding price options
(in millions) (in millions) (in USD)
30 November 2010 29 November
1.23 0.44 56.02 2020
30 November 2011 29 November
1.17 0.62 58.44 2021
30 November 2012 29 November
1.16 0.73 86.43 2022
14 December 2012 13 December
0.17 0.11 87.34 2022
2 December 2013 1 December
1.05 0.74 102.11 2023
19 December 2013 18 December
0.09 0.08 103.39 2023
1 December 2014 30 November
1.04 0.74 116.99 2024
17 December 2014 16 December
0.22 0.19 108.93 2024
1 December 2015 30 November
1.00 0.78 128.46 2025
22 December 2015 21 December
0.14 0.13 123.81 2025
1 December 2016 30 November
1.29 1.10 103.27 2026
15 December 2016 14 December
0.08 0.08 102.91 2026
1 December 2017 30 November
1.40 1.30 114.50 2027
3 December 2018 2 December
1.21 1.21 76.87 2028
Long-Term Restricted Stock Unit Programs
As of 2010, we have in place four restricted stock unit programs.
Restricted Stock Units Program: This program allows for the offer of restricted stock units to certain employees in certain specific circumstances
(“Restricted Stock Unit Programs”). Grants are made at the discretion of our Chief Executive Officer. For example, grants may be made as a special
retention incentive or to compensate for assignments of expatriates in countries with difficult living conditions. The characteristics of the restricted stock
units are identical to the characteristics of the corresponding share that are granted as part of the Share-Based Compensation Plan. See “—Share-Based
Compensation Plan from 2010.” The restricted stock units vest after five years and in the case of termination of service before the vesting date, specific
forfeiture rules apply. In 2018, 2.35 million restricted stock units were granted under the program to our management.
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Exceptional Incentive Restricted Stock Units Program: This program allows for the exceptional offer of restricted stock units to certain employees
at the discretion of our Remuneration Committee as a long-term retention incentive for our key employees. Employees eligible to receive a grant under
the program will receive two series of restricted stock units. The first half of the restricted stock units vests after five years. The second half of the
restricted stock units vests after 10 years. Under a variant of this program, restricted stock units may be granted with a shorter vesting period of between
two and a half and three years for the first half, and five years for the second half. In case of termination of service before the vesting date, specific
forfeiture rules apply. Beginning in 2017, instead of restricted stock units, stock options may also be granted under this program, with similar vesting
and forfeiture rules. In 2018, 0.44 million restricted stock units were granted under the program to members of the senior management. No restricted
stock units were granted under the program to members of the executive board of management in 2018.
Share Purchase Program: This program allows certain employees to purchase our shares at a discount. This program is a long-term retention
incentive (i) for high-potential employees who are at a mid-manager level (“People Bet Share Purchase Program”) or (ii) for newly hired employees.
A voluntary investment in our shares by the participating employee is matched with a grant of three matching shares for each share invested or, as the
case may be, a number of matching shares corresponding to a fixed monetary value that depends on seniority level. The matching shares are granted in
the form of restricted stock units which vest after five years. In case of termination before the vesting date, special forfeiture rules apply. Beginning in
2016, instead of restricted stock units, stock options may also be granted under this program with similar vesting and forfeiture rules. In 2018, our
employees purchased 0.01 million shares under the program. No shares under the program were purchased by members of the executive board of
management in 2018.
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units: This program allows for the offer of performance-based restricted stock units to certain members of
our management. Upon vesting, each performance-based restricted stock unit gives the executive the right to receive one existing Ordinary Share. The
performance-based restricted stock units can have a vesting period of five years or of ten years. The shares resulting from the vesting of the
performance-based restricted stock units will only be delivered provided a performance test is met by the company. Specific forfeiture rules apply if the
employee leaves the company before the vesting date or if the performance test is not achieved by a certain date.
On 14 August 2018, 0.5 million performance-based restricted stock units were granted to a select group of senior managers of the company. Out
of these performance-based restricted stock units, 207,760 were granted to members of our executive board of management as follows: 51,940
performance-based restricted stock units to each of John Blood and Jan Craps (having a 10-year vesting period) and 51,940 performance-based
restricted stock units to each of Peter Kraemer and Tony Milikin (having a 5-year vesting period). These performance-based restricted stock units are
subject to an organic EBITDA compounded annual growth rate target which must be achieved by 31 December 2024, at the latest.
Following the completion of the combination with SAB on 10 October 2016, all rights and obligations attached to the outstanding restricted stock
units of former AB InBev were automatically transferred to us (as the absorbing company), with each outstanding restricted stock unit giving a right to a
share of AB InBev (the absorbing company) instead of a share of former AB InBev (the absorbed company).
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In total, our senior employees exchanged 1.14 million Ambev shares for a total of 0.08 million of our shares in 2018 (0.06 million in 2017 and
0.25 million in 2016). The fair value of these transactions amounted to approximately USD 1.32 million in 2018 (USD 1.16 million in 2017 and USD
5.00 million in 2016).
Programs for Maintaining Consistency of Benefits Granted and for Encouraging Global Mobility of Executives
Two programs aimed at maintaining consistency of benefits granted to executives and encouraging the international mobility of executives while
complying with all legal and tax obligations were approved at the annual shareholders’ meeting of former AB InBev on 27 April 2010.
The Exchange Program: Under this program, the vesting and transferability restrictions of the Series A Options granted under the November 2008
Exceptional Grant1 and the options granted under the April 2009 Exceptional Grant2 could be released, e.g., for executives who moved to the United
States (“Exchange Program”). These executives were then offered the opportunity to exchange their options against a number of our shares that
remained locked up until 31 December 2018.
Because the Series A Options granted under the November 2008 Exceptional Grant and the Options granted under the April 2009 Exceptional
Grant vested on 1 January 2014, the Exchange Program is no longer relevant for these options. Instead, the Exchange Program has now become
applicable to the Series B Options granted under the November 2008 Exceptional Grant. Under the extended program, executives who are relocated,
e.g., to the United States, can elect to exchange their options against a number of our Ordinary Shares that, in principle, remain locked up until
31 December 2023.
1 The Series A Options have a duration of 10 years from granting and vested on 1 January 2014. The Series B Options have a duration of 15 years
from granting and vest on 1 January 2019. The exercise of the stock options is subject, among other things, to AB InBev meeting a performance
test. This performance test has been met as the net debt/EBITDA, as defined (adjusted for exceptional items), ratio fell below 2.5 before
31 December 2013. Specific forfeiture rules apply in the case of termination of employment. The exercise price of the options is EUR 10.32 (USD
11.82) or EUR 10.50 (USD 12.02), which corresponds to the fair market value of the shares at the time of the option grant, as adjusted for the
rights offering that took place in December 2008.
2 The options have a duration of 10 years from granting and vested on 1 January 2014. The exercise of the stock options is subject, among other
things, to AB InBev meeting a performance test. This performance test has been met as the net debt/EBITDA, as defined (adjusted for exceptional
items), ratio fell below 2.5 before 31 December 2013. Specific forfeiture rules apply in the case of termination of employment. The exercise price
of the options is EUR 21.94 (USD 25.12) or EUR 23.28 (USD 26.66), which corresponds to the fair market value of the shares at the time of the
option grant.
Under a variant of this plan, upon recommendation of the Remuneration Committee, our Board has also approved a variant of the Exchange
Program to allow the early release of the vesting conditions of the Series B Options granted under the November 2008 Exceptional Grant for executives
who are relocated, e.g., to the United States. The shares that result from the exercise of these options will, in principle, remain blocked until
31 December 2023. In accordance with this approval, the vesting of 0.2 million stock options was accelerated in 2018. Out of these 0.2 million stock
options, the vesting of 180,742 stock options was accelerated for Ricardo Tadeu, a member of the executive board of management in 2018.
The Dividend Waiver Program: The dividend protection feature of the outstanding options, where applicable, owned by executives who move to
the United States will be canceled. In order to compensate for the economic loss which results from this cancellation, a number of new options will be
granted to these executives with a value equal to this economic loss. The new options have a strike price equal to the share price on the day preceding
the grant date of the options. All other terms and conditions, in particular with respect to vesting, exercise limitations
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and forfeiture rules, of the new options are identical to the outstanding options for which the dividend protection feature is canceled. As a consequence,
the grant of these new options does not result in the grant of any additional economic benefit to the executives concerned. In 2018, no options were
granted under this program.
All other terms and conditions of the options are identical to the outstanding options for which the dividend protection was canceled.
Upon recommendation of the Remuneration Committee in December 2015, our Board has also approved the early release of vesting conditions of
unvested stock options which are vesting within six months of the executive’s relocation. The shares that result from the early exercise of the options
must remain locked up until the end of the initial vesting period of the stock options. In 2018, the vesting of 0.2 million stock options and restricted
stock units was accelerated under this program for members of our management. Out of these, the vesting of 22,382 stock options and 44,660 restricted
stock units was accelerated for Ricardo Tadeu, and the vesting of 17,449 restricted stock units was accelerated for Jean Jereissati, both members of the
executive board of management in 2018.
The options have a duration of 10 years from granting and vest after five years. The exercise of the exceptional long-term incentive stock options
is subject to a performance test under which we must meet a net revenue target by 2022 at the latest.
No exceptional incentive stock options were granted to members of the executive board of management.
Following the completion of the combination with SAB on 10 October 2016, all rights and obligations attached to the outstanding LTI stock
options of former AB InBev were automatically transferred to us (as the absorbing company), with each outstanding LTI stock option giving a right to a
share of AB InBev (the absorbing company) instead of a share of former AB InBev (the absorbed company).
Integration Incentive Plan: On 15 December 2016, approximately 13.17 million options were granted to a select group of approximately 300
members of the management of the company considering the significant contribution that these employees can make to the success of the company and
the achievement of integration benefits (“Integration Incentive Plan”). In January 2017, certain other options were also granted to management under
the Integration Incentive Plan.
Each option gives the grantee the right to purchase one existing ordinary AB InBev share. The exercise price of the options granted on
15 December 2016 is EUR 97.99, which corresponds to the closing share price on the day preceding the grant date.
The options have a duration of 10 years from grant and vest on 1 January 2022 and only become exercisable provided we meet a performance test.
This performance test is based on an EBITDA compounded annual growth rate target and may be complemented by additional country- or region-
specific or function-specific targets. 100% of the options will become exercisable if the performance test is achieved by 31 December 2019, 90% of the
options will become exercisable if the performance test is achieved by 31 December 2020 and 80% of the options will become exercisable if the
performance test is achieved by 31 December 2021. Specific forfeiture rules apply if the employee leaves the company before the performance test
achievement or the vesting date.
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No stock options were granted to members of the executive board of management at the time of the grant on 15 December 2016. Throughout
2018, no additional options were granted under the Integration Incentive Plan. As of 31 December 2018, no members of our executive board of
management participated in this program.
Incentive Plan for SAB Employees: On 15 December 2016, approximately 1.43 million options were granted to employees of SAB. The grant
results from the commitment that we have made under the terms of the combination with SAB, that we would, for at least one year, preserve the terms
and conditions for employment of all employees that remained with SAB.
Each option gives the grantee the right to purchase one existing ordinary AB InBev share. The exercise price of the options is EUR 97.99 (USD
117.52), which corresponds to the closing share price on the day preceding the grant date.
The options have a duration of 10 years as from granting and vest after three years. Specific forfeiture rules apply if the employee leaves the
company before the vesting date.
In 2018, no options were granted under the Incentive Plan for SAB employees.
Long Run Stock Options Incentive Plan: On 1 December 2017, 18.02 million stock options were granted to a select group of approximately 50
members of our management, including a number of our executive board of management, under a new long-term special incentive plan to incentivize
and retain senior leaders who are considered to be instrumental in achieving our ambitious long-term growth agenda over the next 10 years (“Long Run
Stock Options Incentive Plan”).
Each option gives the grantee the right to purchase one existing share. The exercise price of the options is EUR 96.70 (USD 115.97) which
corresponds to the closing share price on the day preceding the grant date. The options have a duration of 15 years as from granting and, in principle,
vest after 10 years on 1 January 2028. The options only become exercisable provided a performance test is met by AB InBev. This performance test is
based on an organic EBITDA compounded annual growth rate target which must be achieved by 31 December 2024 at the latest. Specific forfeiture
rules apply if the employee leaves the company before the performance test achievement or vesting date.
Throughout 2018, 2.94 million additional options were granted under the Long Run Stock Options Incentive Plan, having an exercise price
corresponding to the closing share price on the day preceding the relevant grant date. Out of these 2.94 million additional options, 1,708,044 options
were grated to Carlos Brito on 18 May 2018 (having an exercise price of EUR 80.34 (USD 91.99) and a five-year vesting period) and 618,164 options
were granted to each of Ricardo Moreira and David Kamenetzky on 14 August 2018 (having an exercise price of EUR 84.42 (USD 96.66) and a 10-year
vesting period.
The new incentive plan, which is inspired by compensation models in technology and start-up businesses, aims at specifically linking
compensation to the value creation and success of the disruptive growth business within the AB InBev Group.
Executives are granted performance units whose value depends on the internal rate of return of their business area. The units will vest after five
years, provided a performance test is met, which is based on a minimal growth rate of the internal rate of return. At vesting, the performance units may
be settled in cash or in our Ordinary Shares. Specific forfeiture rules apply if the executive leaves the AB InBev Group.
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In 2018, approximately 2.7 million performance units were granted to management under this program. Out of these, 132,828 performance units
were granted to Pedro Earp, a member of the executive board of management in 2018.
Board of Directors
Our directors receive fixed compensation in the form of annual fees and supplemental fees for physical attendance at Board committee meetings
or supplemental Board meetings, and variable compensation in the form of LTI stock options. Our Remuneration Committee recommends the level of
remuneration for directors, including the Chair of the Board. These recommendations are subject to approval by our Board and, subsequently, by our
shareholders at the annual general meeting. The Remuneration Committee benchmarks directors’ compensation against peer companies. In addition, the
Board sets and revises, from time to time, the rules and level of compensation for directors carrying out a special mandate or sitting on one or more of
the Board committees and the rules for reimbursement of directors’ business-related, out-of-pocket expenses. See “—C. Board Practices—Information
about Our Committees—The Remuneration Committee.”
The fees received by the Chair of our Board in 2018 were increased from EUR 150,000 to EUR 187,500 (USD 221,711), which is 2.5 times the
fixed annual fee of the other directors (other than the Chair of the Audit Committee). The Chair of the Audit Committee was granted fees in 2018 which
were 70% higher than the respective base amounts.
All other directors received the base amount of fees. We do not provide pensions, medical benefits, benefits upon termination or end of service or
other benefit programs to directors.
At the request of the Remuneration Committee, a benchmarking exercise regarding directors’ remuneration covering 24 global peer companies
has been conducted by an independent consulting firm. Further to such exercise, it is contemplated to submit a proposal to the upcoming annual
shareholders’ meeting to be held on 24 April 2019 to increase the Chair’s fee to EUR 255,000.
In addition, a simplification of the structure of the cash component of the remuneration of Board members is contemplated, whereby the
Committee attendance fees would be replaced by a retainer granted to Board committee members.
On 25 April 2018, the annual shareholders’ meeting of AB InBev granted each director 15,000 LTI stock options. The Chair of the Board was
granted 37,500 LTI stock options and the Chair of the Audit Committee was granted 25,000 LTI stock options. The LTI stock options have an exercise
price of EUR 84.47 per share, which is the closing price of our shares on the day preceding the grant date, i.e., on 24 April 2018. The LTI stock options
have a lifetime of 10 years and cliff vest after five years, i.e., on 26 April 2022. See “—Share-Based Payment Plans—LTI Warrant Plan” for a
description of the LTI Stock Option Plan Directors.
It is envisaged to submit to the upcoming annual shareholders’ meeting to be held on 24 April 2019 a proposal to approve a change to the share-
based component of the remuneration package of Board members. The change would consist in paying out such share-based component in the form of
restricted stock units corresponding to a fixed value in EUR rather than in the form of stock options. Such restricted stock units would vest after 5 years
and, upon vesting, would entitle their holders to one AB InBev share per restricted stock unit.
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The table below provides an overview of the fixed and variable compensation that our directors received in 2018.
Number of Annual
Board fee for Fees for Number of
meetings Board Committee stock options
Name attended meetings meetings Total fee granted(1)(2)
(EUR) (EUR) (EUR)
María Asunción Aramburuzabala 10 75,000 0 75,000 15,000
Martin J. Barrington(3) 10 46,371 7,500 53,871 0
Alexandre Behring 8 75,000 4,500 79,500 15,000
Michele Burns 10 127,500 33,000 160,500 25,500
Paul Cornet de Ways Ruart 10 75,000 0 75,000 15,000
Stéfan Descheemaeker 9 75,000 4,500 79,500 15,000
Grégoire de Spoelberch 10 75,000 6,000 81,000 15,000
William F. Gifford Jr.(4) 10 0 0 0 0
Olivier Goudet 10 187,500 28,500 216,000 37,500
Paulo Lemann 10 75,000 6,000 81,000 15,000
Elio Leoni Sceti 10 75,000 0 75,000 15,000
Alejandro Santo Domingo 10 75,000 22,500 97,500 15,000
Carlos Alberto Sicupira 10 75,000 6,000 81,000 15,000
Marcel Herrmann Telles 10 75,000 30,000 105,000 15,000
Alexandre Van Damme 10 75,000 18,000 93,000 15,000
All directors as group 1,186,371 166,500 1,352,871 228,000
Note:
(1) Stock options were granted under the LTI Stock Option Plan Directors on 25 April 2018. See “—Share-Based Payment Plans—LTI Warrant
Plan.” The stock options have an exercise price of EUR 84.47 (USD 96.72) per share, have a term of 10 years and cliff vest after five years.
(2) Following the completion of the combination with SAB on 10 October 2016, all rights and obligations attached to the outstanding LTI stock
options of former AB InBev have been automatically transferred to us (as the absorbing company), with each outstanding LTI stock option giving
a right to a share of AB InBev (the absorbing company) instead of a share of former AB InBev (the absorbed company).
(3) Mr. Barrington has waived his entitlement to any type of remuneration, including long-term incentive stock options, relating to the exercise of his
mandate in 2018 up to the date of his retirement as Chief Executive Officer of Altria on 18 May 2018. Mr. Barrington’s annual remuneration is
prorated for the exercise of his mandate during the remainder of 2018. In addition, Mr. Barrington is entitled to the remuneration linked to Board
committee attendance as from 18 May 2018.
(4) Mr. Gifford has waived his entitlement to any type of remuneration, including long-term incentive stock options, relating to the exercise of his
mandate in 2018.
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Stock Options Held by Directors
The table below sets forth, for each of our current directors, the number of LTI stock options they owned as of 31 December 2018(1):
Total
LTI 26(2) LTI 25 LTI 24 LTI 23 LTI 22 LTI 21(3) options
25 April 26 April 27 April 29 April 30 April 24 April
Grant date 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013
24 April 25 April 26 April 28 April 29 April 23 April
Expiry date 2028 2027 2026 2025 2024 2018
María Asunción Aramburuzabala 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 0 0 60,000
Martin J. Barrington(4) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Alexandre Behring 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 0 0 60,000
M. Michele Burns 25,500 25,500 25,500 0 0 0 76,500
Paul Cornet de Ways Ruart 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 0 75,000
Stéfan Descheemaeker 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 0 75,000
Grégoire de Spoelberch 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 0 75,000
William F. Gifford, Jr.(4) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Olivier Goudet 37,500 30,000 30,000 25,500 20,000 0 143,000
Paulo Alberto Lemann 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 0 0 60,000
Alejandro Santo Domingo Dávila 15,000 15,000 0 0 0 0 30,000
Elio Leoni Sceti 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 0 0 60,000
Carlos Alberto da Veiga Sicupira 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 0 75,000
Marcel Herrmann Telles 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 0 75,000
Alexandre Van Damme 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 0 75,000
Strike price (EUR) 84.47 104.50 113.25 113.10 80.83 76.20 —
Note:
(1) At the annual shareholders’ meeting of former AB InBev on 30 April 2014, all outstanding LTI warrants under our LTI Warrant Plan (see
“—Share-Based Payment Plans—LTI Warrant Plan”) were converted into LTI stock options, i.e., the right to purchase existing shares instead of
the right to subscribe to newly issued shares. All other terms and conditions of the existing grants under the LTI Warrant Plan remained
unchanged. Following the completion of the combination with SAB on 10 October 2016, all rights and obligations attached to the outstanding LTI
stock options of former AB InBev have been automatically transferred to Anheuser-Busch InBev (the absorbing company), with each outstanding
LTI stock option giving right to one share of Anheuser-Busch InBev (the absorbing company) instead of one share of former AB InBev (the
absorbed company).
(2) Stock options were granted under the LTI Stock Option Plan Directors in April 2018. See “—Share-Based Payment Plans—LTI Warrant Plan.”
The stock options have an exercise price of EUR 84.47 (USD 96.72) per share, have a term of 10 years and cliff vest after five years.
(3) In March 2018, Olivier Goudet exercised 20,000 options of the LTI 21 Series that expired in April 2018. In April 2018, Carlos Sicupira, Marcel
Telles and Paul Cornet each exercised 15,000 options of the LTI 21 Series that expired in April 2018.
(4) Mr. Barrington has waived his entitlement to any type of remuneration, including long-term incentive stock options, relating to the exercise of his
mandate in 2018 up to the date of his retirement as Chief Executive Officer of Altria on 18 May 2018. Mr. Barrington’s annual remuneration is
prorated for the exercise of his mandate during the remainder of 2018. In addition, Mr. Barrington is entitled to the remuneration linked to Board
committee attendance as from 18 May 2018. Mr. Gifford has waived his entitlement to any type of remuneration, including long-term incentive
stock options, relating to the exercise of their mandate in 2018.
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Board Share Ownership
The table below sets forth, as of 4 February 2019, the number of our shares owned by our directors serving in 2018 and year-to-date 2019:
Number of % of our
our shares outstanding
Name held shares
María Asunción Aramburuzabala (*) (*)
Martin J. Barrington (*) (*)
Alexandre Behring (*) (*)
M. Michele Burns (*) (*)
Paul Cornet de Ways Ruart (*) (*)
Stéfan Descheemaeker (*) (*)
William F. Gifford Jr. (*) (*)
Olivier Goudet (*) (*)
Paulo Alberto Lemann (*) (*)
Elio Leoni Sceti (*) (*)
Alejandro Santo Domingo (*) (*)
Grégoire de Spoelberch (*) (*)
Marcel Herrmann Telles (*) (*)
Alexandre Van Damme (*) (*)
Carlos Alberto Sicupira (*) (*)
TOTAL 23.47 million 1.2%
Note:
(*) Each director owns less than 1% of our outstanding shares as of 4 February 2019.
Figures in this section may differ from the figures in the notes to our consolidated financial statements for the following reasons: (i) figures in this
section are figures gross of tax, while figures in the notes to our consolidated financial statements are reported as “cost for the Company”; (ii) the split
“short-term employee benefits” vs. “share-based compensation” in the notes to our consolidated financial statements does not necessarily correspond to
the split “base salary” vs. “variable compensation” in this section. Short-term employee benefits in the notes to our consolidated financial statements
include the base salary and the portion of the variable compensation paid in cash. Share-based compensation includes the portion of the variable
compensation paid in shares and certain non-cash elements, such as the fair value of the options granted, which is based on financial pricing models and
(iii) the scope for the reporting is different as the figures in the notes to our consolidated financial statements also contain the remuneration of executives
who left during the year, while figures in this section only contain the remuneration of executives who were in service at the end of the reporting year.
Our executive compensation and reward programs are overseen by our Remuneration Committee. It submits recommendations on the
compensation of our Chief Executive Officer to the Board for approval. Upon the recommendation of our Chief Executive Officer, the Remuneration
Committee also submits recommendations on the compensation of the other members of our executive board of management (until 31 December 2018)
and, as of 1 December 2019, our Executive Committee to our Board for approval. Such submissions to our Board include recommendations on the
annual targets and corresponding variable compensation scheme. Further, in certain exceptional circumstances, the Remuneration Committee or its
appointed designees may grant limited waivers from lock-up requirements, provided that adequate protections are implemented to ensure that the
commitment to hold shares remains respected until the original termination date. The Nomination Committee approves our targets and individual annual
targets and the Remuneration Committee approves the target achievement and corresponding annual and long-term incentives of members of our
executive board of management (until 31 December 2018) and, as of 1 January 2019, our Executive Committee. See “—C. Board
Practices—Information about Our Committees—The Remuneration Committee.” The remuneration policy and any schemes that grant shares or rights
to acquire shares are submitted to our annual shareholders’ meeting for approval. Going forward, the procedures for developing the remuneration policy
and determining the individual remuneration of the members of the Executive Committee will be similar.
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Our compensation system is designed to support our high-performance culture and the creation of long-term sustainable value for our
shareholders. The goal of the system is to reward executives with market-leading compensation, which is conditional upon both our overall success and
individual performance. It ensures alignment with shareholders’ interests by strongly encouraging executive ownership of shares in our company and
enables us to attract and retain the best talent at global levels.
Through our Share-Based Compensation Plan, executives who demonstrate personal financial commitment to us by investing (all or part of) their
annual variable compensation in our shares will be rewarded with the potential for significantly higher long-term compensation.
Unless otherwise specified, the information and amounts in this section relate to the members of our executive board of management as of
31 December 2018. See “—A. Directors and Senior Management—Administrative, Management, Supervisory Bodies and Senior Management
Structure.”
Base Salary
In order to ensure alignment with market practice, base salaries are reviewed against benchmarks on an annual basis. These benchmarks are
collated by independent compensation consultants, in relevant industries and geographies. For benchmarking, a custom sample of Fast Moving
Consumer Goods peer companies (“Peer Group”) is used when available. The Peer Group includes, among others, Apple, Coca Cola Company,
Procter & Gamble, PepsiCo and Unilever. If Peer Group data are not available for a given level in certain geographies, data from Fortune 100
companies are used. Our executives’ base salaries are intended to be aligned to mid-market levels for the appropriate market. Mid-market means that for
a similar job in the market, 50% of companies in that market pay more and 50% of companies pay less. Executives’ total compensation is intended to be
10% above the third quartile.
In 2018, based on his employment contract, our Chief Executive Officer earned a fixed salary of EUR 1.43 million (USD 1.69 million). The other
members of our executive board of management earned an aggregate base salary of EUR 10.12 million (USD 11.97 million).
The target variable compensation is expressed as a percentage of the annual market reference salary applicable to the executive based on Peer
Group or other data (as described above).
The effective pay-out of variable compensation is directly correlated with performance, i.e., linked to the achievement of total company, business
unit and individual targets, all of which are based on performance metrics.
Company and business unit targets aim to achieve a balance of top-line growth and cash-flow generation.
Below a hurdle of achievement for total company and business unit targets, no bonus is earned irrespective of individual target achievement.
In addition, the final individual bonus pay-out percentage also depends on each executive’s personal achievement of his or her individual
performance targets. Individual performance targets of the CEO and our executive board of management (until 31 December 2018) and, as of 1 January
2019, our Executive Committee may consist of financial and non-financial targets, such as sustainability and other elements of corporate social
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responsibility, as well as compliance- and ethics-related targets. Typical performance measures in this area can relate to employee management, talent
pipeline, Better World goals and compliance dashboards, among other metrics that are also important for sustainable financial performance.
Targets achievement is assessed by the Remuneration Committee on the basis of accounting and financial data.
Variable compensation is generally paid annually in arrears after publication of our full-year results. The variable compensation may be paid out
semi-annually at the discretion of the Board. In such cases, the first half of the variable compensation is paid immediately after publication of the half-
year results, and the second half of the variable compensation is paid after publication of the full-year results. In 2015, in order to align the U.S.
organization against the delivery of specific targets for this market, the Board decided to apply semi-annual targets which resulted in a semi-annual
payment of 50% of the annual incentive in August 2015 and in March 2016, respectively. For 2018, the variable compensation for the executives will be
paid in arrears after publication of our full-year results in or around March 2019.
The amount of variable compensation is based on our company’s performance during the year 2018 and the executives’ individual target
achievements. The variable compensation is expected to be paid in March 2019.
Long-Term Incentive
Name options granted(3)
Carlos Brito – CEO 359,606
David Almeida 55,527
John Blood 21,153
Jan Craps 39,662
Michel Doukeris 69,806
Felipe Dutra 158,650
Pedro Earp(1) 0
Jean Jereissati 26,441
David Kamenetzky 52,883
Peter Kraemer 37,018
Mauricio Leyva 26,441
Carlos Lisboa(2) 0
Stuart MacFarlane 38,076
Tony Milikin 55,527
Ricardo Moreira 31,730
Miguel Patricio 0
Bernardo Pinto Paiva(2) 0
Ricardo Tadeu 79,325
Note:
(1) Pedro Earp, Chief Marking and ZX Ventures Officer, participated in the performance-related incentive plan for Disruptive Growth Function.
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(2) Bernardo Pinto Paiva, as Zone President Latin America North, reports to the Board of Directors of Ambev. He participated in 2018 in the
incentive plans of Ambev S.A. that are disclosed separately by Ambev. Likewise, Carlos Lisboa, as Zone President Latin America South,
participated in 2018 in the incentive plans of Ambev S.A.
(3) The options were granted on 22 January 2018, have an exercise price of EUR 94.36 (USD 108.04) and become exercisable after five years.
Post-Employment Benefits
We sponsor various post-employment benefit plans worldwide. These include pension plans, both defined contribution plans and defined benefit
plans, and other post-employment benefits. See note 25 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the
three years ended 31 December 2018 for further details on our employee benefits.
Our Chief Executive Officer participates in a defined contribution plan. Our annual contribution to his plan amounts to approximately USD
0.07 million. The total amount we had set aside to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for members of our executive board of management in
the aggregate was USD 0.57 million as of 31 December 2018 and USD 0.82 million as of 31 December 2017. See note 34 to our audited consolidated
financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018.
Other Compensation
We also provide executives with life and medical insurance and perquisites and other benefits that are competitive with market practice in the
markets where such executives are employed.
The employment agreement typically provides that the executive’s eligibility for payment of variable compensation is determined exclusively on
the basis of the achievement of corporate and individual targets to be set by us. The specific conditions and modalities of the variable compensation are
fixed by us in a separate plan which is approved by the Remuneration Committee.
Termination arrangements are in line with legal requirements and/or jurisprudential practice. The termination arrangements for the members of the
executive board of management (until 31 December 2018) and, as of 1 January 2019, the Executive Committee provide for a termination indemnity of
12 months of remuneration including variable compensation in case of termination without cause. The variable compensation for purposes of the
termination indemnity shall be calculated as the average of the variable compensation paid to the executive for the last two years of employment prior to
the year of termination. In addition, if we decide to impose upon the executive a non-compete restriction of 12 months, the executive shall be entitled to
receive an additional indemnity of six months.
Carlos Brito was appointed to serve as our Chief Executive Officer starting as of 1 March 2006. In the event of termination of his employment
other than on the grounds of serious cause, he is entitled to a termination indemnity of 12 months of remuneration including variable compensation as
described above. There is no “claw-back” provision in case of misstated financial statements.
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Executives, the Share-Based Compensation Plans, the November 2008 Exceptional Grant, the 2020 Incentive Plan, the Integration Incentive Plan and
the Long Run Stock Options Incentive Plan. Members of our executive board of management (until 31 December 2018) and, as of 1 January 2019, our
Executive Committee do not hold any warrants or stock options relating to our shares under our other incentive plans.
Options held in
aggregate by our Strike
executive board of price
Program (1)
management (EUR) Grant date Expiry date
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 358,938 35.90 18 December 2009 17 December 2019
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 562,480 42.41 30 November 2010 29 November 2020
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009(2) 21,880 56.02 30 November 2010 29 November 2020
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 617,449 44.00 30 November 2011 29 November 2021
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009(2) 23,257 58.44 30 November 2011 29 November 2021
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 898,934 66.56 30 November 2012 29 November 2022
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009(2) 15,685 86.43 30 November 2012 29 November 2022
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 736,985 75.15 2 December 2013 1 December 2023
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009(2) 12,893 102.11 2 December 2013 1 December 2023
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 591,864 94.46 1 December 2014 30 November 2024
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009(2) 11,473 116.99 1 December 2014 30 November 2024
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 65,747 121.95 1 December 2015 30 November 2025
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009(2) 10,521 128.46 1 December 2015 30 November 2025
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 855,877 113.00 22 December 2015 21 December 2025
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 75,897 98.04 1 December 2016 30 November 2026
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 836,790 98.85 20 January 2017 19 January 2027
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 261,706 109.10 5 May 2017 4 May 2027
LTI Stock Option Plan 2009 1,025,404 94.36 22 January 2018 21 January 2028
Matching options 2008 61,974 34.34 3 March 2008 2 March 2018
Matching options 2009 80,765 20.49 6 March 2009 5 March 2019
Matching options 2009 140,106 27.06 14 August 2009 13 August 2019
Matching options 2010 0 36.52 5 March 2010 4 March 2020
November 2008 Exceptional Grant Options Series B 542,226 10.50 25 November 2008 24 November 2023
November 2008 Exceptional Grant Options Series B 3,614,841 10.32 25 November 2008 24 November 2023
November 2008 Exceptional Grant Options Series B – Dividend Waiver 09
(3) 1,833,736 33.24 1 December 2009 24 November 2023
November 2008 Exceptional Grant Options Series B – Dividend Waiver 11
(3) 243,901 40.35 11 July 2011 24 November 2023
November 2008 Exceptional Grant Options Series B – Dividend Waiver 13
(3) 286,977 75.82 15 May 2013 24 November 2023
Matching options 2009 – Dividend Waiver 13(3) 37,131 75.82 15 May 2013 5 March 2019
Matching options 2009 – Dividend Waiver 13(3) 74,869 75.82 15 May 2013 13 August 2019
2020 Incentive Options(4) 334,765 113.00 22 December 2015 21 December 2025
Integration Incentive Stock Options(5) 1,570,237 109.10 5 May 2017 4 May 2027
Long Run Stock Options Incentive Plan(6) 7,008,764 96.70 1 December 2017 31 December 2032
Long Run Stock Options Incentive Plan 1,708,044 80.34 18 May 2018 31 December 2032
Long Run Stock Options Incentive Plan 1,236,328 84.42 14 August 2018 14 August 2033
Note:
(1) Following the completion of the combination with SAB on 10 October 2016, all rights and obligations attached to the outstanding LTI stock
options of former AB InBev have been automatically transferred to us (as the absorbing company), with each outstanding LTI stock option giving
a right to a share of AB InBev (the absorbing company) instead of a share of former AB InBev (the absorbed company).
(2) Options granted in form of American Depositary Receipts (strike price is in USD).
(3) Options granted under the Dividend Waiver Program. See “—Share-Based Payment Plans.”
(4) Options granted under the 2020 Incentive Plan. See “—Share-Based Payment Plans—Exceptional Long-Term Incentive Stock Options.”
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(5) Options granted under the Integration Incentive Plan. See “—Share-Based Payment Plans—Exceptional Long-Term Incentive Stock Options.”
(6) Options granted under the Long Run Stock Options Incentives Plan. See “—Share-Based Payment Plans—Exceptional Long-Term Incentive
Stock Options.”
% of our
Number of our outstanding
Name shares held shares
Carlos Brito – CEO (*) (*)
David Almeida (*) (*)
John Blood (*) (*)
Jan Craps (*) (*)
Michel Doukeris (*) (*)
Felipe Dutra (*) (*)
Pedro Earp (*) (*)
Claudio Braz Ferro (*) (*)
Jean Jereissati (*) (*)
David Kamenetzky (*) (*)
Peter Kraemer (*) (*)
Mauricio Leyva (*) (*)
Carlos Lisboa (*) (*)
Stuart MacFarlane (*) (*)
Tony Milikin (*) (*)
Ricardo Moreira (*) (*)
Miguel Patricio (*) (*)
Bernardo Pinto Paiva (*) (*)
Ricardo Tadeu (*) (*)
TOTAL 14.27 million <1%
Note:
(*) Each member of our executive board of management and Executive Committee serving in 2018 and year-to-date 2019 owns less than 1% of our
outstanding shares as of 28 February 2019.
C. BOARD PRACTICES
General
Our directors are appointed by our shareholders’ meeting, which sets their remuneration and term of mandate. Their appointment is published in
the Belgian Official Gazette (Moniteur belge). No service contract is concluded between us and our directors with respect to their Board mandate. Our
Board also may request a director to carry out a special mandate or assignment. In such case, a special contract may be entered into between us and the
respective director. For details of the current directors’ terms of office, see “—A. Directors and Senior Management—Board of Directors.” We do not
provide pensions, medical benefits or other benefit programs to directors.
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Information about Our Committees
General
Our Board is assisted by four committees: the Audit Committee, the Finance Committee, the Remuneration Committee and the Nomination
Committee.
The existence of the Committees does not affect the responsibility of our Board. Board committees meet to prepare matters for consideration by
our Board. By exception to this principle, (i) the Remuneration Committee may make decisions on individual compensation packages, other than with
respect to our Chief Executive Officer and our senior leadership team (which are submitted to our Board for approval) and on performance against
targets, and (ii) the Finance Committee may make decisions on matters specifically delegated to it under our Corporate Governance Charter, in each
case without having to refer to an additional Board decision. Each of our Committees operates under typical rules for such committees under Belgian
law, including the requirement that a majority of the members must be present for a valid quorum and decisions are taken by a majority of members
present.
The Chief Executive Officer, General Counsel and Company Secretary and Chief Financial and Solutions Officer are invited to the meetings of
the Audit Committee, unless the Chair or a majority of the members decide to meet in closed session.
The current members of the Audit Committee are M. Michele Burns (Chair), Martin J. Barrington, Olivier Goudet and Elio Leoni Sceti.
Our Board of Directors has determined that M. Michele Burns and Olivier Goudet are each “audit committee financial experts” as defined in Item
16A of Form 20-F under the Exchange Act.
The Audit Committee assists our Board in its responsibility for oversight of (i) the integrity of our financial statements, (ii) our compliance with
legal and regulatory requirements and environmental and social responsibilities, (iii) the statutory auditors’ qualification and independence, and (iv) the
performance of the statutory auditors and our internal audit function. The Audit Committee is entitled to review information on any point it wishes to
verify, and is authorized to acquire such information from any of our employees. The Audit Committee is directly responsible for the appointment,
compensation, retention and oversight of the statutory auditor. It also establishes procedures for confidential complaints regarding questionable
accounting or auditing matters. It is also authorized to obtain independent advice, including legal advice, if this is necessary for an inquiry into any
matter under its responsibility. It is entitled to call on the resources that will be needed for this task. It is entitled to receive reports directly from the
statutory auditor, including reports with recommendations on how to improve our control processes.
The Audit Committee holds as many meetings as necessary with a minimum of four per year. Paul Cornet de Ways Ruart attends Audit
Committee meetings as a non-voting observer.
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The current members of the Finance Committee are Alexandre Van Damme (Chair), Stéfan Descheemaeker, Paulo Alberto Lemann, Carlos
Alberto Sicupira, William F. Gifford Jr. and M. Michele Burns.
The Corporate Governance Charter requires the Finance Committee to meet at least four times a year and as often as deemed necessary by its
Chair or at least two of its members.
The Finance Committee assists the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities in the areas of corporate finance, risk management, treasury
controls, mergers and acquisitions, tax and legal, pension plans, financial communication and stock market policies and all other related areas as deemed
appropriate.
The current members of the Remuneration Committee are Marcel Herrmann Telles (Chair), Olivier Goudet and Elio Leoni Sceti.
The Remuneration Committee meets at least four times a year, and more often if required, and can be convoked by its Chair or at the request of at
least two of its members.
The Remuneration Committee’s principal role is to guide the Board with respect to all its decisions relating to the remuneration policies for the
Board, the Chief Executive Officer and the senior leadership team, and on their individual remuneration packages. The Committee ensures that the
Chief Executive Officer and members of the senior leadership team are incentivized to achieve, and are compensated for, exceptional performance. The
Committee also ensures the maintenance and continuous improvement of our company’s compensation policy, which is to be based on meritocracy with
a view to aligning the interests of its employees with the interests of all shareholders. In certain exceptional circumstances, the Remuneration Committee
or its appointed designees may grant limited waivers from lock-up requirements provided that adequate protections are implemented to ensure that the
commitment to hold shares remains respected until the original termination date.
The current members of the Nomination Committee are Marcel Herrmann Telles (Chair), Alexandre Behring, Grégoire de Spoelberch, Olivier
Goudet and Alexandre Van Damme.
The Nomination Committee’s principal role is to guide the Board succession process. The Committee identifies persons qualified to become
Board members and recommends director candidates for nomination by the Board and election at the shareholders’ meeting. The Committee also guides
the Board with respect to all its decisions relating to the appointment and retention of key talent within our company.
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D. EMPLOYEES
As of 31 December 2018, we employed approximately 175,000 employees as compared to more than 180,000 as of 31 December 2017.
As of 31 December
2018(3) 2017(2) 2016(1)
North America 19,150 19,306 19,314
Latin America West 47,042 48,892 51,418
Latin America North 37,387 38,651 40,416
Latin America South 9,214 9,603 9,571
EMEA 23,604 26,823 43,456
Asia Pacific 31,523 36,386 39,213
Global Export and Holding Companies 4,683 3,254 3,245
Total 172,603 182,915 206,633
Note:
(1) Following completion of the combination with SAB, we consolidated SAB and report results and volumes of the retained SAB operations as of
the fourth quarter of 2016.
(2) The reduction of employees in 2017 compared to 2016, mainly results from the disposals completed during the year.
(3) The reduction of employees in 2018 compared to 2017, mainly results from the combination of the AB InBev Russia and Ukraine businesses
under AB InBev Efes. As a result of that transaction, we have stopped consolidated our Russia and Ukraine businesses and account for the
investment in AB InBev Efes under the equity method as of 30 March 2018.
Labor Unions
Many of our hourly employees across our business segments are represented by unions, with a variety of collective bargaining agreements in
place. Generally, relationships between us and the unions that represent our employees are good. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk
Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—We are exposed to labor strikes and disputes that could lead to a negative impact on our costs and production
level.”
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In Europe, collective bargaining occurs at the local and/or national level in all countries with union representation for our employees. The degree
of membership in unions varies from country to country, with Belgium and Germany, for example, having a high proportion of membership. A
European Workers Council has been established since 1996 to promote social dialogue and to exchange opinions at a European level.
In Mexico, approximately half of our employees are union members. Our collective bargaining agreements are negotiated and executed separately
for each facility or distribution center. They are periodically reviewed with the unions as mandated by Mexican Labor Law (i.e., yearly revisions of
salary, benefits and salary revisions every two years).
All of our employees in Brazil are represented by labor unions, but less than 5% of our employees in Brazil are actually members of labor unions.
The number of administrative and distribution employees who are members of labor unions is not significant. Salary negotiations are conducted
annually between the workers’ unions and us. Collective bargaining agreements are negotiated separately for each facility or distribution center. Our
Brazilian collective bargaining agreements have a term of one or two years, and we usually enter into new collective bargaining agreements on or prior
to the expiration of the existing agreements.
A majority of our brewery and distribution employees in Canada are represented by labor unions. The number of administrative employees who
are members of labor unions is not significant. Salary negotiations are conducted through collective bargaining agreements between the workers’ unions
and us. Collective bargaining agreements are generally negotiated separately for each facility or distribution center. Our Canadian collective bargaining
agreements have a term of three to seven years, and we generally enter into new collective bargaining agreements on or prior to the expiration of
existing agreements.
Our United States organization has approximately 5,100 hourly brewery workers represented by the International Brotherhood of Teamsters. Their
compensation and other terms of employment are governed by collective bargaining agreements negotiated between us and the Teamsters. We recently
completed negotiations of new five-year agreements with the Teamsters, which will expire on 29 February 2024. Approximately 2,200 hourly
employees at certain company-owned distributorships and packaging plants also are represented by the Teamsters and other unions, with local
bargaining agreements ranging in distribution from three to five years.
E. SHARE OWNERSHIP
For a discussion of the share ownership of our directors and executives, as well as arrangements involving our employees in our capital, see “—B.
Compensation.”
The first thirteen entities mentioned in the table act in concert (it being understood that (i) the first ten entities act in concert within the meaning of
article 3, §1, 13º of the Belgian law of 2 May 2007 on the disclosure of significant shareholdings in issuers whose securities are admitted to trading on a
regulated market and containing various provisions, implementing into Belgian law Directive 2004/109/CE, and (ii) the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth
entities act in concert with the first ten entities within the meaning of article 3, §2 of the Belgian law of 1 April 2007 on public takeover bids) and hold,
as per the most recent notifications received by us and the FSMA in accordance with article 6 of the Belgian law of 2 May 2007 on the notification of
significant shareholdings, in
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aggregate, 851,779,303 Ordinary Shares, representing 43.47% of the voting rights attached to the shares outstanding as of 13 March 2019 excluding the
59,862,607 treasury shares held by us and our subsidiaries Brandbrew S.A., Brandbev S.à.R.L. and Mexbrew S.à.R.L. Pursuant to our articles of
association, shareholders are required to notify us as soon as the amount of securities held giving voting rights exceeds or falls below a 3% threshold
held by us and our subsidiaries Brandbrew S.A., Brandbev S.à.R.L. and Mexbrew S.à.R.L. as of 31 December 2018. Pursuant to our articles of
association, shareholders are required to notify us as soon as the amount of securities held giving voting rights exceeds or falls below a 3% threshold.
% of voting
rights
attached to
our
Number of outstanding
Major shareholders Shares shares held(9)
Holders of Ordinary Shares
Stichting Anheuser-Busch InBev, a stichting incorporated under Dutch law (the “Stichting”)(1)(2) 663,074,832 33.84%
EPS Participations S.à.R.L, a company incorporated under Luxembourg law, affiliated with Eugénie Patri
Sébastien (EPS) S.A., its parent company(2)(3)(5) (“EPS Participations”) 131,898,152 6.73%
Eugénie Patri Sébastien (EPS) S.A., a company incorporated under Luxembourg law, affiliated with the
Stichting that it jointly controls with BRC S.à.R.L(2)(3)(5) (“EPS”) 99,999 0.01%
BRC S.á.R.L., a company incorporated under Luxembourg law, affiliated with the Stichting that it jointly
controls with EPS(2)(4) (“BRC”) 39,962,901 2.04%
Rayvax Société d’Investissements SA, a company incorporated under Belgian law (“Rayvax”) 24,158 0.00%
Sébastien Holding SA, a company incorporated under Belgian law, affiliated with Rayvax Société
d’Investissements SA, its parent company(2) 10 0.00%
Fonds Verhelst SPRL, a company with a social purpose incorporated under Belgian law 0 0.00%
Fonds Voorzitter Verhelst SPRL, a company with a social purpose incorporated under Belgian law,
affiliated to Fonds Verhelst SPRL with social purpose, which controls it 6,997,665 0.36%
Stichting Fonds InBev-Baillet Latour, a stichting incorporated under Dutch law 0 0.00%
Fonds Baillet Latour SPRL, a company with a social purpose incorporated under Belgian law, affiliated to
Stichting Fonds InBev-Baillet Latour under Dutch law, which controls it(6) 5,485,415 0.28%
MHT Benefit Holding Company Ltd, a company incorporated under the law of the Bahamas, acting in
concert with Marcel Herrmann Telles within the meaning of Article 3, § 2 of the Belgian Law of 1 April
2007 on public takeover bids 3,972,703 0.20%
LTS Trading Company LLC, a company incorporated under Delaware law, acting in concert with Marcel
Herrmann Telles, Jorge Paulo Lemann and Carlos Alberto Sicupira within the meaning of Article 3, § 2
of the Belgian Law of 1 April 2007 on public takeover bids 4,468 0.00%
Olia 2 AG, a company incorporated under Liechtenstein law, acting in concert with Jorge Paulo Lemann
within the meaning of Article 3, § 2 of the Belgian Law of 1 April 2007 on public takeover bids 259,000 0.01%
Holders of Restricted Shares
Altria Group, Inc. (7) 185,115,417 9.45%
BEVCO Lux Sàrl(8) 96,862,718 4.94%
Note:
(1) See section “—Controlling Shareholder” below. By virtue of their responsibilities as directors of the Stichting, Stéfan Descheemaeker, Paul
Cornet de Ways Ruart, Grégoire de Spoelberch, Alexandre Van Damme, Marcel Herrmann Telles, Jorge Paulo Lemann, Roberto Moses
Thompson Motta and Carlos Alberto Sicupira may be deemed, under the rules of the SEC, to be beneficial owners of our Ordinary Shares held by
the Stichting. However, each of these individuals disclaims such beneficial ownership in such capacity.
(2) See section “—Shareholders’ Arrangements” below.
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(3) By virtue of their responsibilities as directors of Eugénie Patri Sébastien (EPS) S.A. and EPS Participations S.à.R.L., Stéfan Descheemaeker, Paul
Cornet de Ways Ruart, Grégoire de Spoelberch and Alexandre Van Damme may be deemed, under the rules of the SEC, to be beneficial owners
of our Ordinary Shares held by Eugénie Patri Sébastien (EPS) S.A. and EPS Participations S.à.R.L. However, each of these individuals disclaims
such beneficial ownership in such capacity.
(4) Marcel Herrmann Telles, Jorge Paulo Lemann and Carlos Alberto Sicupira have disclosed to us that they control BRC S.à.R.L. and as a result,
under the rules of the SEC, they are deemed to be beneficial owners of our Ordinary Shares held by BRC S.à.R.L. By virtue of their
responsibilities as directors of BRC S.à.R.L., Alexandre Behring and Paulo Alberto Lemann may also be deemed, under the rules of the SEC, to
be the beneficial owners of our Ordinary Shares held by BRC S.à.R.L. However, Alexandre Behring and Paulo Alberto Lemann disclaim such
beneficial ownership in such capacity.
(5) On 18 December 2013, Eugénie Patri Sébastien (EPS) S.A. contributed to EPS Participations S.à.R.L. its certificates in the Stichting and the
shares it held directly in former AB InBev, except for 100,000 shares.
(6) On 27 December 2013, Stichting Fonds InBev-Baillet Latour, under Dutch law, acquired a controlling stake in Fonds Baillet Latour SPRL with a
social purpose.
(7) In addition to the Restricted Shares listed above, Altria Group Inc. announced in its Schedule 13D beneficial ownership report on 11 October 2016
that, following completion of the combination with SAB, it purchased 11,941,937 Ordinary Shares in the company. Altria further increased its
position of Ordinary Shares in the Company to 12,341,937, as disclosed in the Schedule 13D beneficial ownership report filed by the Stichting
dated 1 November 2016, resulting in an aggregate ownership of 10.08% based on the number of shares with voting rights as at 13 March 2019.
(8) In addition to the Restricted Shares listed above, BEVCO Lux Sàrl announced in a notification made on 17 January 2017 in accordance with the
Belgian law of 2 May 2007 on the notification of significant shareholdings, that it purchased 4,215,794 Ordinary Shares in the company. BEVCO
Lux Sàrl disclosed to us that it increased its position of Ordinary Shares in the company to an aggregate of 6,000,000 Ordinary Shares, resulting in
an aggregate ownership of 5.25% based on the number of shares with voting rights as at 13 March 2019.
(9) Percentages are calculated on the total number of outstanding shares as at 13 March 2019 (2,019,241,973 shares) minus the number of outstanding
shares held in treasury by us and our subsidiaries Brandbrew S.A., Brandbev S.à.R.L. and Mexbrew S.à.R.L. as at 13 March 2019 (59,862,607
Ordinary Shares).
Controlling Shareholder
Our controlling shareholder is the Stichting, a foundation organized under the laws of the Netherlands which represents an important part of the
interests of the founding Belgian families of Interbrew (mainly represented by Eugénie Patri Sébastien S.A.) and the interests of the Brazilian families
which were previously the controlling shareholders of Ambev (represented by BRC S.à.R.L.).
As of 13 March 2019, the Stichting owned 663,074,832 of our shares, which represented a 33.84% voting interest based on the number of our
shares outstanding as of 13 March 2019, excluding the 59,862,607 treasury shares held by us and our subsidiaries Brandbrew S.A., Brandbev S.à.R.L.
and Mexbrew S.à.R.L. The Stichting and certain other entities acting in concert (within the meaning of Article 3, 13° of the Belgian Law of 2 May on
disclosure of significant holdings in listed companies and/or within the meaning of Article 3, § 2 of the Belgian Law of 1 April 2007 on public takeover
bids) with it (see “—Shareholders’ Arrangements” below) held, based on (i) transparency declarations made by shareholders who are compelled to
disclose their shareholdings pursuant to the Belgian law of 2 May 2007 on the notification of significant shareholdings and the Articles of Association of
the company, (ii) notifications made by such shareholders to the company on a voluntary basis prior to 15 December 2018 for the purpose of updating
the above information, and (iii) information included in public filings with the SEC, in the aggregate, 43.47% of our shares based on the number of our
shares outstanding on 13 March 2019, excluding the 59,862,607 treasury shares held by us and our subsidiaries Brandbrew S.A., Brandbev S.à.R.L. and
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Mexbrew S.à.R.L. As of 13 March 2019, BRC S.à.R.L. held 331,537,416 class B Stichting certificates (indirectly representing 16.92% of our shares),
Eugénie Patri Sébastien S.A. held one class A Stichting certificate and EPS Participations S.à.R.L. held 331,537,415 class A Stichting certificates
(together indirectly representing 16.92% of our shares). The Stichting is governed by its bylaws and its conditions of administration. Shares held by our
main shareholders do not entitle such shareholders to different voting rights.
Shareholders’ Arrangements
The 2016 Shareholders’ Agreement
On 11 April 2016, the Stichting, EPS, EPS Participations S.à R.L., BRC and Rayvax entered into an Amended and Restated New Shareholders’
Agreement (the “2016 Shareholders’ Agreement”).
The 2016 Shareholders’ Agreement addresses, among other things, certain matters relating to the governance and management of both us and the
Stichting, as well as (i) the transfer of the Stichting certificates and (ii) the de-certification and re-certification process for the Ordinary Shares and the
circumstances in which the shares held by the Stichting may be de-certified and/or pledged at the request of BRC, EPS or EPS Participations.
The 2016 Shareholders’ Agreement provides for restrictions on the ability of BRC, EPS or EPS Participations to transfer their Stichting
certificates.
Pursuant to the terms of the 2016 Shareholders’ Agreement, BRC and EPS/EPS Participations jointly and equally exercise control over the
Stichting and the shares held by the Stichting. The Stichting is managed by an eight-member board of directors and each of, on the one hand BRC and,
on the other hand, EPS and EPS Participations has the right to appoint four directors to the Stichting board of directors. Subject to certain exceptions, at
least seven of the eight Stichting directors must be present or represented in order to constitute a quorum of the Stichting board, and any action to be
taken by the Stichting board of directors will, subject to certain qualified majority conditions, require the approval of a majority of the directors present
or represented, including at least two directors appointed by BRC and two directors appointed by EPS/EPS Participations. Subject to certain exceptions,
all decisions of the Stichting with respect to the Shares it holds, including how such shares will be voted at AB InBev’s shareholders’ meetings, will be
made by the Stichting board of directors.
The 2016 Shareholders’ Agreement requires the Stichting board of directors to meet prior to each of our shareholders’ meetings to determine how
the shares held by the Stichting are to be voted. In addition, prior to each meeting of the board of directors of AB InBev at which certain key matters are
considered, the Stichting board of directors will meet to determine how the eight members of the board of directors of AB InBev nominated exclusively
by BRC and EPS/EPS Participations should vote.
The 2016 Shareholders’ Agreement requires EPS, EPS Participations, BRC and Rayvax, as well as any other holder of certificates issued by the
Stichting, to vote their Shares in the same manner as the shares held by the Stichting. The parties agree to effect any free transfers of their Shares in an
orderly manner of disposal that does not disrupt the market for Shares and in accordance with any conditions established by us to ensure such orderly
disposal. In addition, under the 2016 Shareholders’ Agreement, EPS, EPS Participations and BRC agree not to acquire any shares of Ambev’s capital
stock, subject to limited exceptions.
Pursuant to the 2016 Shareholders’ Agreement, the Stichting board of directors will propose to AB InBev’s shareholders’ meeting nine candidates
for appointment to our Board of Directors, among which each of, on the one hand, BRC and, on the other hand, EPS and EPS Participations will have
the right to nominate four candidates, and one candidate will be nominated by the Stichting board of directors.
The 2016 Shareholders’ Agreement will remain in effect for an initial term until 27 August 2034 and will be automatically renewed for successive
terms of 10 years each unless, not later than two years prior to the expiration of the initial or any successive 10-year term, any party to the 2016
Shareholders’ Agreement notifies the others of its intention to terminate the 2016 Shareholders’ Agreement.
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The 2016 Shareholders’ Agreement is filed as Exhibit 3.2 to this Form 20-F.
Voting Agreement between the Stichting, Fonds Baillet Latour and Fonds Voorzitter Verhelst
The Stichting entered into a voting agreement, effective 1 November 2015 (the “Fonds Voting Agreement”) with Fonds Baillet Latour and Fonds
Voorzitter Verhelst, which replaces in its entirety the voting agreement between the parties dated 16 October 2008, which was due to expire on
16 October 2016 if not renewed.
This agreement provides for consultations between the three bodies before any of our shareholders’ meetings to decide how they will exercise the
voting rights attached to our shares. Under this voting agreement, consensus is required for all items that are submitted to the approval of any of our
shareholders’ meetings. If the parties fail to reach a consensus, each of Fonds Baillet Latour and Fonds Voorzitter Verhelst will vote their AB InBev
shares in the same manner as the Stichting. The Fonds Voting Agreement will expire on 1 November 2034.
The Fonds Voting Agreement is filed as Exhibit 3.1 to this Form 20-F.
Each of the first 13 entities mentioned in the table appearing under Shareholding Structure have disclaimed beneficial ownership of all of the
Restricted Shares and Ordinary Shares, as applicable, held by Altria and BEVCO.
The Restricted Shareholder Voting Agreement is filed as Exhibit 3.3 to this Form 20-F.
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Unrealized gains arising from transactions with associates and jointly controlled entities are eliminated to the extent of our interest in the entity.
Unrealized losses are eliminated in the same way as unrealized gains, but only to the extent that there is no evidence of impairment. Transactions with
associates and jointly controlled entities are discussed further below.
Transactions with Directors and Executive Board of Management Members (Key Management Personnel)
Total compensation of our directors and executive board of management included in our income statement for 2018 set out below can be detailed
as follows:
In addition to short-term employee benefits (primarily salaries), the members of our executive board of management were entitled to post-
employment benefits. More particularly, members of the senior leadership team participated in the pension plan of their respective country. See also
note 25 “Employee benefits” and note 34 “Related parties” to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for
the three years ended 31 December 2018. In addition, key management personnel are eligible for our share-based payment plan and/or our exchange of
share ownership program. See also “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—B. Compensation” and note 26 “Share-based payments” to
our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018.
Directors’ compensation consists mainly of directors’ fees. Key management personnel did not have any significant outstanding balances with our
company. During 2018, no payments were made to key management personnel except in the transactions listed below.
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Other Transactions
In 2016, 2017 and 2018, our subsidiary Bavaria SA, along with other subsidiaries in Colombia, paid approximately 4 billion Colombian pesos
(USD 1.3 million), 16 billion Colombia pesos (USD 5.4 million) and 24 billion Colombian pesos (USD 8.1 million), respectively, for transportation
services, lease agreements and advertising services to companies of which Alejandro Santo Domingo Dávila, a member of our Board of Directors, is
(i) part of the controlling shareholder group of such companies or (ii) Chair of the Board or controlling shareholder of such companies.
In 2016, 2017 and 2018, Grupo Modelo paid MXN 22.2 million (USD 1.2 million), MXN 15.1 million (USD 0.8 million) and MXN 19.1 million
(USD 1.0 million), respectively, to a company of which María Asunción Aramburuzabala, a member of our Board of Directors, is Chair of the Board.
These payments were made for information technology infrastructure services provided by that company to Grupo Modelo in 2016, 2017 and 2018.
As of 31 December 2018
(USD million)
Non-current assets 11
Current assets 5
Non-current liabilities 9
Current liabilities 12
Result from operations 4
Profit attributable to equity holders 3
Our transactions with associates primarily consist of sales to distributors in which we have a non-controlling interest.
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Transactions with Government-Related Entities
We have no material transactions with government-related entities.
In December 2011, Ambev received a tax assessment from the Secretaria da Receita Federal do Brasil related to the goodwill amortization
resulting from InBev Brasil’s merger referred to above. See “Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial
Information—Legal and Arbitration Proceedings—Ambev and Its Subsidiaries—Tax Matters—Special Goodwill Reserve” for further information.
Effective 21 December 2011, we entered into an agreement with Ambev formalizing the arrangement whereby we shall reimburse Ambev the amount
proportional to the benefit received by us pursuant to the merger protocol, as well as the respective costs.
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Legal and Arbitration Proceedings
Litigation is subject to uncertainty and we and each of our subsidiaries named as a defendant believe, and have so been advised by counsel
handling the respective cases, that we have valid defenses to the litigation pending against us, as well as valid bases for appeal of adverse verdicts, if
any. All such cases are, and will continue to be, vigorously defended. However, we and our subsidiaries may enter into settlement discussions in
particular cases if we believe it is in our best interests to do so. Except as set forth herein, there have been no governmental, judicial or arbitration
proceedings (including any such proceedings which are pending or threatened against us or our subsidiaries of which we are aware) during the period
between 1 January 2018 and the date of this Form 20-F which may have, or have had in the recent past, significant effects on our financial position and
profitability.
In 2018, the Competition Commission of India opened an investigation against SAB India Limited (now AB InBev India Limited) and other
brewers relating to legacy pricing practices in the Indian market involving sharing of information among competitors with a view to align on prices. We
have been fully cooperating with the Competition Commission of India throughout its investigation, which is ongoing. At this stage, it is not possible to
indicate how long the investigation will take or what the outcome will be and no provision has been made in connection therewith.
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In addition, the Belgian tax authorities have also questioned the validity and the actual application of the excess profit ruling that was issued in
favor of us and have refused the actual tax exemption which it confers. Against such decision, we have filed a court claim before the Brussels court of
first instance. Also in respect of this aspect of the excess profit ruling matter, considering the company’s and its counsel assessment, as well as the
position taken by the tax authorities’ mediation services, in respect of the merits of the case, we have not recorded any provisions as of 31 December
2018.
On 24 January 2019, we deposited EUR 68 million (USD 77 million) in a blocked account. Depending on the final outcome of the European
Court procedures on the Belgian excess profit ruling system, as well as the pending Belgian court case, this amount will either be slightly modified,
released back to the company or paid over to the Belgian State.
On 14 February 2019, the European General Court concluded that the Belgian excess profit ruling system does not constitute illegal state aid. The
European Commission can appeal the judgment of the General Court.
Antitrust Matters
European Commission Antitrust Investigation
In 2016, the European Commission announced an investigation into alleged abuse of a dominant position by AB InBev in Belgium through
certain practices aimed at restricting trade from other European Union member states to Belgium. In connection with these ongoing proceedings, we
made a provision of USD 230 million.
SAB Transaction
On 20 July 2016, the U.S. Department of Justice filed an antitrust action in the U.S. federal district court in the District of Columbia, seeking to
enjoin the combination with SAB. On the same date, we announced that we had entered into a consent decree with the U.S. Department of Justice,
which cleared the way for United States approval of the combination with SAB. For more information on the terms of the consent decree, see “Item 10.
Additional Information—C. Material Contracts—Material Contracts Related to the Acquisition of SAB—U.S. Department of Justice Consent Decree.”
ICMS Value-Added Tax, Imposto sobre Produtos Industrializados Excise Tax and Taxes on Net Sales
In 2013, 2014 and 2015, Ambev received tax assessments issued by the States of Pará and Piauí to pay a Imposto Sobre Operações Relativas à
Circulação de Mercadorias e Servicos de Transporte Interestadual dè Intermunicipal e de Comunicações (“ICMS”) value-added tax allegedly due with
respect to unconditional discounts granted by Ambev. The tax assessments are being challenged at both the administrative and judicial levels of the
Brazilian courts. Ambev management estimates the amount involved in these proceedings to be approximately R$0.6 billion (USD 0.2 billion) as of
31 December 2018, which is classified as a possible loss and, therefore, for which no provision has been made.
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Goods manufactured within the Manaus Free Trade Zone (“ZFM”) intended for remittance elsewhere in Brazil are exempt from the Brazilian
Imposto Sobre Produtos Industrializados (“IPI”) excise tax. Ambev has been registering IPI (excise tax) presumed credits upon the acquisition of
exempted inputs manufactured in the ZFM. Since 2009, Ambev has been receiving a number of tax assessments from the Brazilian federal tax
authorities relating to the disallowance of such presumed tax credits, which are under discussion before the Brazilian Supreme Court (Supremo Tribunal
Federal), with a trial expected for April 2019. Ambev management estimates the possible losses in relation to these assessments to be R$3.8 billion
(USD 1.0 billion) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection with these assessments.
In addition, over the years, Ambev has received tax assessments from the Brazilian federal tax authorities charging federal taxes that they
considered unduly offset with the disallowed IPI excise tax credits which are under discussion in the above-mentioned proceedings. Ambev is currently
challenging those charges in the courts. Ambev management estimates the possible losses related to these assessments to be approximately R$1.1 billion
(USD 0.3 billion) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection with these assessments.
In 2014 and 2015, Ambev received tax assessments from the Brazilian federal tax authorities relating to IPI excise tax, allegedly due over
remittances of manufactured goods to other related factories. The cases are being challenged at both administrative and judicial levels. Ambev
management estimates the possible losses related to these assessments to be approximately R$1.6 billion (USD 0.4 billion) as of 31 December 2018.
Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection with these assessments.
Over the years, Ambev has received tax assessments relating to alleged ICMS value-added tax differences that some Brazilian states consider due
in the tax substitution system in cases where the price of products sold by Ambev reached levels close to or above the fixed price table basis established
by such states, where the state tax authorities expect that the calculation basis should be based on a value-added percentage over the actual price and not
on the fixed table price.
Among other similar cases, the company received three assessments issued by the State of Minas Gerais originally for an amount of R$1.4 billion
(USD 0.4 billion). In the first quarter of 2018, the Upper House of the Administrative Tax Court of the State of Minas Gerais ruled against Ambev on
these three cases. The State of Minas Gerais has filed judicial claims and Ambev has filed defenses in the judicial courts. In 2018, Ambev also received
assessments from the State of Rio de Janeiro in the original amount of R$0.9 billion (USD 0.2 billion) related to the same issue. Ambev is defending
against these tax assessments and now awaits the decisions from the relevant administrative courts. Ambev management estimates the amount related to
this issue to be approximately R$7.7 billion (USD 2.0 billion) as of 31 December 2018, classified as a possible loss and, therefore, for which Ambev has
made no provision. Ambev has recorded provisions in the total amount of R$8 million (USD 2 million) for proceedings where it considers the chances
of loss to be probable, considering specific procedural issues.
In 2015, Ambev received a tax assessment issued by the State of Pernambuco to charge ICMS differences due to alleged non-compliance with the
state tax incentive agreement (“PRODEPE”). As a result of the modification of Ambev’s monthly reports, state tax authorities decided that Ambev was
unable to use the tax incentives. In 2017, Ambev received a favorable decision nullifying the assessment due to formal mistakes committed by the tax
auditor. However, in September 2018, Ambev received a new tax assessment for payment of the same disputed amounts. Ambev management estimates
the possible losses related to this issue to be approximately R$0.6 billion (USD 0.2 billion) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has recorded a provision in
the total amount of R$3 million (USD 1 million) in relation to one proceeding where it considers the chances of loss to be partially probable.
In addition to the ICMS matters, Ambev is currently challenging tax assessments issued by various Brazilian states, as described below.
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State Tax Incentives of the National Council on Fiscal Policy (Conselho Nacional de Política Fazendária or “CONFAZ”)
Many states in Brazil offer tax incentive programs to attract investments to their regions, pursuant to the rules of the CONFAZ, a council formed
by the Treasury Secretaries from each of the 27 Brazilian states. Ambev participates in ICMS value-added tax credit programs offered by various
Brazilian states which provide (i) tax credits to offset ICMS value-added tax payables and (ii) ICMS value-added tax deferrals. In return, Ambev is
required to meet certain operational requirements, including, depending on the state, production volume and employment targets, among others. All of
these conditions are included in specific agreements between Ambev and the relevant state governments.
As previously disclosed, there has in recent years been a controversy regarding whether these benefits are constitutional when granted without the
prior approval of every Brazilian state participating in the CONFAZ. Some states and public prosecutors filed direct actions of unconstitutionality (Ação
Direta de Inconstitucionalidade) before the Brazilian Supreme Court to challenge the constitutionality of certain state laws granting tax incentive
programs unilaterally, without the prior approval of the CONFAZ.
Since 2007, Ambev had received tax assessments from various states, challenging the legality of tax credits arising from existing tax incentives
received by Ambev in other states. Ambev’s management estimates the possible losses related to these assessments to be approximately R$2.1 billion
(USD 0.5 billion) as of 31 December 2018 and have not recorded any provisions in connection therewith.
In 2017, Supplementary Law No. 160 was published authorizing the states and the Federal District to revalidate within 180 days the tax benefits
allegedly created without the approvals required under Brazilian tax laws and regulations by means of an Interstate Agreement. Under the provisions of
the aforementioned Supplementary Law, Confaz Interstate Agreement No. 190 was published on 18 December 2017, allowing the states to republish
and reinstall the state tax benefits created up to 8 August 2017. The validation of such tax incentives, however, is not self-applicable and it depends on
the fulfillment of certain conditions by the granting state. Ambev’s management believes that the states will be able to comply with such conditions,
with the exception of the state of Amazonas, which decided not to be a party to the Interstate Agreement. Ambev will continue to defend its position in
these assessments, including those related to the state of Amazonas and those related to the states in which the conditions for validation are not satisfied.
In 2016, 2017 and 2018, Ambev received other tax assessments relating to the profits of its foreign subsidiaries. In July and September 2018, the
Upper House of the Administrative Court decided two of the tax assessments against Ambev. Ambev has filed a judicial proceeding in one of the cases,
where it requested an injunction that was granted. Ambev is considering its potential appeals in the other cases.
In October 2018, the Lower Administrative Court rendered a partially favorable decision in a tax assessment. Ambev is waiting to be notified of
the decision in order to analyze potential appeals. The Upper House of the Administrative Court rendered a partially favorable decision to Ambev in one
assessment and, in another, rendered an unfavorable decision to Ambev. Currently, Ambev is waiting to be notified of the decisions in order to analyze
the applicable appeals.
As of 31 December 2018, Ambev management estimates the possible losses in relation to these assessments to be approximately R$7.7 billion
(USD 2.0 billion) and, therefore, has not recorded any provision in connection therewith. Ambev has recorded provisions in the total amount of
R$46 million (USD 12 million) for proceedings where it considers the chance of loss to be probable.
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Brazilian Income Tax – Tax Loss Offset
Ambev and certain of its subsidiaries received a number of assessments from Brazilian federal tax authorities relating to the offset of tax loss
carryforwards arising in the context of business combinations. In February 2016, the Upper House of the Administrative Tax Court concluded the
judgment of two tax assessments on this matter. In both cases, the decision was unfavorable to Ambev and Ambev promptly filed a judicial proceeding.
In September 2016, Ambev received a favorable first-level decision in one of the judicial claims. In March 2017, Ambev received an unfavorable first-
level decision on the second judicial case and filed an appeal to the judicial court. Both cases are awaiting decisions from the judicial courts. Ambev has
also other cases at the administrative level which are pending final decision. Ambev management estimates the total exposures of possible losses in
relation to these assessments to be R$0.5 billion (USD 0.1 billion) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection with
these disputes.
In June 2016, Ambev received a new tax assessment charging the remaining value of the goodwill amortization from 2011 to 2013, related to
InBev Brasil’s merger with Ambev. In March 2017, Ambev was notified of a partially favorable first-level administrative decision and filed an appeal to
the Lower Administrative Court. In May 2018, Ambev received a partially favorable decision at the Lower Administrative Court and is currently
waiting to be formally notified of the decision in order to analyze the applicable appeals. Ambev has not recorded any provisions for this matter and its
management estimates possible losses in relation to this assessment to be approximately R$9.3 billion (USD 2.4 billion) as of 31 December 2018. In the
event that Ambev is required to pay these amounts, we will reimburse Ambev in the amount proportional to the benefit received by us pursuant to the
merger protocol, as well as related costs.
In October 2013, Ambev also received a tax assessment related to the goodwill amortization resulting from the merger of Beverage Associates
Holding Limited into Ambev. The decision from the first-level administrative court was unfavorable to Ambev. After submission of a motion to clarify
from Ambev, the unfavorable decision was confirmed and Ambev filed an appeal to the Lower Administrative Court. In November 2018, Ambev
received a partially favorable decision at the Lower Administrative Court, which it is awaiting formal notification of in order to analyze the applicable
appeals. In April and August 2018, Ambev received new tax assessments charging the remaining value of the goodwill amortization, and filed defenses
that are currently pending review by the first-level administrative court. Ambev management estimates the amount of possible losses in relation to this
assessment to be approximately R$2.1 billion (USD 0.5 billion) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection with this
assessment.
In November 2017, Ambev received a tax assessment related to the goodwill amortization resulting from the merger of CND Holdings into
Ambev. In November 2018, Ambev received an unfavorable decision from the first-level administrative court and filed an appeal to the Lower
Administrative Court, which is currently pending review. Ambev management estimates the amount of possible losses in relation to this assessment to
be approximately R$1.1 billion (USD 0.3 billion) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection therewith.
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In December 2015 and December 2016, Ambev also received two new tax assessments related to the same matter, to which it presented defenses
that are currently awaiting review by the first-level administrative court. Ambev estimates its exposure to possible losses in relation to these assessments
to be approximately R$4.6 billion (USD 1.2 billion) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection with these
assessments.
Presumed Profit
In April 2016, Arosuco, a subsidiary of Ambev, received a tax assessment regarding the use of the presumed profit method for the calculation of
income tax and the social contribution on net profit instead of the real profit method. In September 2017, Arosuco received an unfavorable first-level
administrative decision, and filed an appeal to the Lower Administrative Court. In January 2019, the case was reviewed by the Lower Administrative
Court, which ruled favorably to Ambev. Ambev is awaiting formal notification of the decision in order to analyze its content and any applicable legal
motions or appeals. Arosuco management estimates the amount of possible losses in relation to this assessment to be approximately R$0.6 billion (USD
0.2 billion) as of 31 December 2018. Arosuco has not recorded any provision in connection therewith.
Social Contributions
Ambev has received a number of tax assessments issued by the Brazilian federal tax authorities relating to amounts allegedly due under
Integration Program/Social Security Financing Levy (PIS/COFINS) over bonus products granted to its customers. The cases are now being discussed at
the relevant judicial and administrative courts. In January 2019, three lawsuits relating to the matter were included in a decision from a judgment panel
in the Lower Administrative Court. The decision was favorable to Ambev, which is awaiting formal notification to analyze the applicable appeals.
Ambev management estimates the possible losses related to these assessments to be approximately R$4.0 billion (USD 1.0 billion) as of 31 December
2018. No related provision has been made.
Labor Matters
Ambev is involved in more than 20,000 labor claims. Most of the labor claims facing Ambev relate to its Brazilian operations. In Brazil, it is not
unusual for a large company to be named as a defendant in such a significant number of claims. As of 31 December 2018, Ambev has made provisions
totaling R$114 million (USD 29 million) in connection with the above labor claims involving former, current and outsourced employees and relating
mainly to overtime, dismissals, severance, health and safety premiums, supplementary retirement benefits and other matters, all of which are awaiting
judicial resolution and have probable chance of loss.
In connection with these labor matters, Ambev is also involved in claims regarding the social charges on payroll. Ambev management estimates
the possible losses related to these claims to be approximately R$0.3 billion (USD 0.1 billion) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has recorded provisions
of R$20 million (USD 5 million) for proceedings where it considers the chance of loss to be probable.
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Civil Matters
As of 31 December 2018, Ambev was involved in approximately 9,000 civil claims pending, including third-party distributors and product-related
claims. Ambev has established provisions totaling R$48 million (USD 12 million) reflecting applicable adjustments, such as accrued interest, as of
31 December 2018 in connection with civil claims.
Subscription Warrants
In 2002, Ambev decided to request a ruling from the CVM (Comissão de Valores Mobiliarios, the Securities and Exchange Commission of
Brazil) in connection with a dispute between Ambev and some of its warrant holders regarding the criteria used in the calculation of the strike price of
certain Ambev warrants. In March and April 2003, the CVM ruled that the criteria used by Ambev to calculate the strike price were correct. In response
to the CVM’s final decision and seeking to reverse it, some of the warrant holders filed separate lawsuits before the courts of São Paulo and Rio de
Janeiro.
Although the warrants expired without being exercised, the warrant holders claim that the strike price should be reduced to take into account the
strike price of certain stock options granted by Ambev under its then-existing stock ownership program, as well as for the strike price of other warrants
issued in 1993 by Brahma.
Ambev has knowledge of at least seven claims in which the plaintiffs argue that they would be entitled to those rights. One of these cases was
settled. Two of them were ruled favorably to Ambev by the appellate court of the State of São Paulo. Both decisions were confirmed by the Superior
Court of Justice. The plaintiffs have appealed to the Special Court of the Superior Court of Justice with requests for reconsideration based on conflicting
precedent and such appeals are pending. Of the four other claims, Ambev received a favorable ruling in one claim by a first level court in Rio de
Janeiro, and the appellate court of the state of Rio de Janeiro ruled against Ambev in another three claims. Ambev has appealed to the Brazilian Superior
Court of Justice with respect to the final decisions issued by the appellate court of the State of Rio de Janeiro. In 2016, Ambev received a favorable
ruling in one such appeal, to which the plaintiffs filed a further appeal, which is currently pending judgment. During 2017, the Superior Court of Justice
ruled on two of the appeals in Ambev’s favor, and the plaintiffs also filed appeals against the decisions. These three cases, ruled favorably to us, are
pending final judgment. In November 2017, the Federal Public Prosecutor filed a motion favorable to Ambev’s position in one of the cases. The
remaining appeals are still pending judgment by the Superior Court of Justice.
In the event the plaintiffs prevail in the above six pending proceedings, Ambev believes that the corresponding economic dilution for the existing
shareholders would be the difference between the market value of the shares at the time they were issued and the value ultimately established in
liquidation proceedings as being the subscription price pursuant to the exercise of the warrants. Ambev believes that the warrants that are the object of
those six proceedings represented, on 31 December 2018, 172,831,574 Ambev common shares that would be issued at a value substantially below fair
market value, should the claimants ultimately prevail. The plaintiffs also claim they should receive past dividends related to these shares in the amount
of R$0.9 billion (USD 0.2 billion) as of 31 December 2018.
Ambev believes, based on its management assessments, that its chances of receiving unfavorable final decisions in this matter are remote, and,
therefore, it has not established a provision for this litigation in its audited consolidated financial statements. As these disputes are based on whether
Ambev should receive as a subscription price a lower price than the price that it considers correct, a provision of amounts with respect to these
proceedings would only be applicable with respect to legal fees and past dividends.
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consumed alcoholic beverage in Brazil; (ii) defendants have approximately 90% of the national beer market share and are responsible for heavy
investments in advertising; and (iii) the advertising campaigns increase not only the market share of the defendants but also the total consumption of
alcohol and, hence, cause damage to society and encourage underage consumption.
Shortly after the above lawsuit was filed, a consumer-protection association applied to be admitted as a joint-plaintiff. The association has made
further requests in addition to the ones made by the Public Prosecutor, including the claim for “collective moral damages” in an amount to be
ascertained by the court; however, it suggests that it should be equal to the initial request of R$2.8 billion (USD 0.7 billion), therefore doubling the
initial amount involved. The court has admitted the association as joint plaintiff and has agreed to hear the new claims. After the exchange of written
submissions and documentary evidence, the case was dismissed by the lower court judge, who denied all claims submitted against Ambev and the other
defendants. The Federal Prosecutor’s Office has appealed to the Federal Court, but Ambev believes, based on management assessments, that its chances
of loss remain remote and, therefore, has not made any provision with respect to such claim.
Anheuser-Busch Companies
Tax Matters
In early 2014, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., an indirectly wholly owned subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, received a net
proposed tax assessment from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) of USD 306 million, predominately involving certain intercompany
transactions related to tax returns for the years 2008 and 2009. In November 2015, the IRS issued an additional proposed tax assessment of USD
130 million for tax years 2010 and 2011. Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. has reached a settlement with the IRS for the 2008 to 2011 tax years
for approximately USD 300 million that includes federal tax and interest, and associated state tax and interest.
Dividend Policy
Our current dividend policy is to declare a dividend representing in aggregate at least 25% of our consolidated profit attributable to our equity
holders, excluding exceptional items, such as restructuring charges, gains or losses on business disposals and impairment charges, subject to applicable
legal provisions relating to distributable profit.
The dividends are approved by our annual shareholders’ meeting and are paid on the dates and at the places appointed by our Board. Our Board
may pay an interim dividend in accordance with the provisions of the Belgian Companies Code. Any dividends are paid on the dates and at the places
communicated by the Board of Directors.
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The table below summarizes the dividends paid by us in the most recent financial years.
Gross
Number of our shares amount of
outstanding at end of Gross amount dividend
relevant financial of dividend per share per share
Financial year year (in EUR) (in USD) Payment date(s)
2018 2,019,241,973 0.80 0.91 29 November 2018
2017 2,019,241,973 2.00 2.44 3 May 2018
2017 2,019,241,973 1.60 1.89 16 November 2017
2016 2,019,241,973 2.00 2.11 4 May 2017
2016 2,019,241,973 1.60 1.75 17 November 2016
2015 1,608,242,156 2.00 2.20 3 May 2016
2015 1,608,242,156 1.60 1.75 16 November 2015
2014 1,608,242,156 2.00 2.27 6 May 2015
2014 1,608,242,156 1.00 1.25 14 November 2014
2013 1,607,844,590 1.45 2.00 8 May 2014
2013 1,607,844,590 0.60 0.83 18 November 2013
2012 1,606,787,543 1.70 2.24 2 May 2013
2011 1,606,071,789 1.20 1.55 3 May 2012
2010 1,605,183,954 0.80 1.07 2 May 2011
2009 1,604,301,123 0.38 0.55 3 May 2010
B. SIGNIFICANT CHANGES
None.
On 16 September 2009, former AB InBev listed 1,608,663,943 Ordinary Shares represented by ADSs on the NYSE. Following the completion of
the combination with SAB on 10 October 2016, all rights and obligations attached to the outstanding ADSs of former AB InBev have been
automatically transferred to us (as the absorbing company), with each outstanding ADS giving a right to a share of AB InBev (the absorbing company)
instead of a share of former AB InBev (the absorbed company).
Share Details
See “Item 10. Additional Information—B. Memorandum and Articles of Association and Other Share Information—Form and Transferability of
Our Shares” for details regarding our shares.
Each of our shares is entitled to one vote except for shares owned by us, or by any of our direct subsidiaries, the voting rights of which are
suspended. Shares held by our main shareholders do not entitle such shareholders to different voting rights. Our Restricted Shares are unlisted, not
admitted to trading on any stock exchange and are subject to, among other things, restrictions on transfer until converted into new Ordinary Shares.
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B. PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Not applicable.
C. MARKETS
We are incorporated under the laws of Belgium (register of legal entities number 0417.497.106), and our shares are listed on the regulated market
of Euronext Brussels under the symbol “ABI.” We also have secondary listings of our shares on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange under the symbol
“ANH” and on the Mexican Stock Exchange under the symbol “ANB.” The securities that we have listed on the NYSE are ADSs, each of which
represents one of our shares. We listed 1,608,663,943 ADSs on the NYSE on 16 September 2009 (such number equal to the number of our shares plus
the number of warrants on our shares outstanding as of 7 September 2009). For more information on our shares, see “Item 10. Additional
Information—B. Memorandum and Articles of Association and Other Share Information—Form and Transferability of Our Shares.” Our ADSs are
described in greater detail under “Item 12. Description of Securities Other Than Equity Securities—D. American Depositary Shares.”
Euronext Brussels
Euronext Brussels is a subsidiary of Euronext N.V. and holds a license as a Belgian market operator under the Belgian Act of 2 August 2002.
Pursuant to this legislation, the FSMA is responsible for disciplinary powers against members and issuers, control of sensitive information, supervision
of markets, and investigative powers. Euronext Brussels is responsible for the organization of the markets and the admission, suspension and exclusion
of members, and has been appointed by law as the “competent authority” within the meaning of the Listing Directive (Directive 2001/34/EC of 28 May
2001 of the European Parliament, as amended).
Euronext is the leading pan-European exchange in the Eurozone, covering Belgium, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Portugal and the UK. With
1,300 listed issuers worth €3.9 trillion in market capitalization as of end September 2018, Euronext is an unmatched blue chip franchise that has 24
issuers in the Morningstar® Eurozone 50 IndexSM and a strong diverse domestic and international client base. Euronext operates regulated and
transparent equity and derivatives markets and is the largest center for debt and funds listings in the world. Its total product offering includes Equities,
Exchange Traded Funds, Warrants & Certificates, Bonds, Derivatives, Commodities and Indices. Euronext also leverages its expertise in running
markets by providing technology and managed services to third parties. In addition to its main regulated market, Euronext also operates Euronext
GrowthTM and Euronext AccessTM, simplifying access to listing for SMEs.
Trading Platform and Market Structure. Euronext operates six securities markets in Amsterdam, Brussels, Dublin, Lisbon, London and Paris as
well as four derivatives markets in Amsterdam, Brussels, Lisbon and Paris, all of which are subject to the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive
(Directive 2004/39/EC of 21 April 2004 of the European Parliament, as amended). Trading on Euronext is governed both by a single harmonized
rulebook for trading on each of Euronext’s markets and by non-harmonized Euronext Rulebooks containing a few local exchange-specific rules.
Euronext’s trading rules provide for an order-driven market using an open electronic central order book for each traded security, various order types and
automatic order matching and a guarantee of full anonymity both for orders and trades.
Trading Members. The majority of Euronext’s cash trading members are brokers and dealers based in Euronext’s marketplaces, but also include
members in other parts of Europe, most notably the United Kingdom and Germany.
Clearing and Settlement. Clearing and settlement of trades executed on Euronext in Europe are generally handled by LCH.SA (for central
counterparty clearing), and independent entities that provide services to Euronext pursuant to contractual agreement. Euroclear is taking care of the
settlement part of the transactions.
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D. SELLING SHAREHOLDERS
Not applicable.
E. DILUTION
Not applicable.
Corporate Profile
We are a public limited liability company incorporated in the form of a société anonyme/naamloze vennootschap under Belgian law (Register of
Legal Entities number 0417.497.106 (Brussels)). Our registered office is located at Grand-Place/Grote Markt 1, 1000 Brussels, Belgium, and our
headquarters are located at Brouwerijplein 1, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. We were incorporated on 3 March 2016 for an unlimited duration under the laws
of Belgium under the original name Newbelco SA/NV, and are the successor entity to former AB InBev, which was incorporated on 2 August 1977 for
an unlimited duration under the laws of Belgium under the original name BEMES and which we absorbed on 10 October 2016. Our financial year runs
from 1 January to 31 December.
Corporate Purpose
According to Article 4 of our articles of association, our corporate purpose is:
• to produce and deal in all kinds of beers, drinks, foodstuffs and ancillary products, process and deal in all by-products and accessories, of
whatsoever origin or form, of its industry and trade, and to design, construct or produce part or all of the facilities for the manufacture of the
aforementioned products;
• to purchase, construct, convert, sell, let and sublet, lease, license and operate in any form whatsoever all real property and real property
rights and all businesses, movable property and movable property rights connected with our activities;
• to acquire and manage participating interests and shares in companies or undertakings having a corporate purpose similar or related to, or
likely to promote the attainment of, any of the foregoing corporate purposes, and in financial companies; to finance such companies or
undertakings by means of loans, guarantees or in any other manner whatsoever; to take part in the management of the aforesaid companies
through membership of our board of directors or any similar governing body; and
• to carry out all administrative, technical, commercial and financial work and studies for the account of undertakings in which it holds an
interest or on behalf of third parties.
We may, within the scope of our corporate purpose, engage in all civil, commercial, industrial operations and financial transactions either in or
outside Belgium. We may take interests by way of asset contribution, merger, subscription, equity investment, financial support or otherwise in all
undertakings, companies or associations having a corporate purpose similar or related to or likely to promote the furtherance of our corporate purpose.
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Board of Directors
A description of the provisions of our articles of associations as applied to our board of directors can be found in “Item 6. Directors, Senior
Management and Employees—A. Directors and Senior Management—Board of Directors” and “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and
Employees—C. Board Practices.”
We are relying on a provision in the NYSE Listed Company Manual that allows us to follow Belgian corporate law and the Belgian Corporate
Governance Code with regard to certain aspects of corporate governance. This allows us to continue following certain corporate governance practices
that differ in significant respects from the corporate governance requirements applicable to U.S. companies listed on the NYSE. See “Item 16G.
Corporate Governance” for a concise summary of the significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those followed by a U.S.
company under the NYSE rules.
Belgian law does not regulate specifically the ability of directors to borrow money from Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV.
Our Corporate Governance Charter prohibits us from making loans to directors, whether for the purpose of exercising options or for any other
purpose (except for routine advances for business-related expenses in accordance with our rules for reimbursement of expenses). See “Item 7. Major
Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions—Transactions with Directors and Executive Board of Management
Members (Key Management Personnel).”
In addition, Article 523 of the Belgian Companies Code provides that if one of our directors directly or indirectly has a personal financial interest
that conflicts with a decision or transaction that falls within the powers of our Board, the director concerned must inform our other directors before our
Board makes any decision on such transaction. The statutory auditor must also be notified. The director may not participate in the deliberation or vote
on the conflicting decision or transaction. An excerpt from the minutes of the meeting of our Board that sets forth the financial impact of the matter on
us and justifies the decision of our Board must be published in our annual report. The statutory auditors’ report to the annual accounts must contain a
description of the financial impact on us of each of the decisions of our Board where director conflicts arise.
Our Ordinary Shares can take the form of registered shares or dematerialized shares. Restricted Shares may only be held in registered form.
All of our shares are fully paid-up. Ordinary Shares are freely transferable. Restricted Shares are subject to the transfer restrictions summarized
below and further described in our articles of association.
Restricted Shares
Restrictions on Transfers and Pledges
No holder of Restricted Shares (a “Restricted Shareholder”) shall transfer, sell, contribute, offer, grant any option on, otherwise dispose of,
pledge, charge, assign, mortgage, grant any lien or any security interest on, enter into any certification (certification / certificering) or depository
arrangement or enter into any form of hedging arrangement with respect to, in each case directly or indirectly, any of its Restricted Shares or any
interests therein or any rights relating thereto, or enter into any contract or other agreement to do any of the foregoing, for a period of five years expiring
on 10 October 2021, except as provided below.
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As an exception to this rule, any Restricted Shareholder may transfer, sell, contribute, offer, grant any option on, otherwise dispose of, pledge,
charge, assign, mortgage, grant a lien or any security interest on, or enter into any form of hedging arrangement with respect to, in each case directly or
indirectly, any of its Restricted Shares or any interests therein or any rights relating thereto, or enter into any contract or other agreement to do any of the
foregoing, to or for the benefit of any person that is its affiliate, its Successor and/or Successor’s affiliate (as such terms are defined in our articles of
association), provided that if any such transferee ceases to be an affiliate, a Successor and/or a Successor’s affiliate of the Restricted Shareholder that
initially made the transfer (or of its Successor), all such Restricted Shares which such transferee owns or in which it holds an interest shall be
automatically transferred to such Restricted Shareholder (or to a person which, at the time of such transfer, is its affiliate or its Successor) and shall
therefore remain Restricted Shares.
Also, under certain conditions set out in our articles of association, Restricted Shareholders (or, in certain cases, pledgees or receivers) may
(i) with the prior written consent granted by our board of directors (a “Pledge Consent”), pledge, charge, assign, mortgage, or otherwise grant a lien
over or grant any security interest on all or any part of their Restricted Shares or any interests therein and any rights relating thereto as security (in each
case, a “Pledge”), and (ii) transfer, sell, contribute, offer, grant any option on, or otherwise dispose of, in each case directly or indirectly, or enter into
any contract or other agreement to do any of the foregoing in respect of all or part of (or any interest in) their holding of Restricted Shares that are the
subject of a Pledge (to which a Pledge Consent has been given) in the context of an enforcement action with respect to such Pledge or when the
Restricted Shareholder has determined in good faith that such transfer is the only commercially reasonable alternative available to prevent an imminent
enforcement of a Pledge.
The Restricted Shares shall automatically convert into Ordinary Shares (i) upon any transfer, sale, contribution or other disposal, except in the
case of permitted transfers to or for the benefit of any person that is an affiliate, a Successor and/or a Successor’s affiliate of the relevant Restricted
Shareholders or in the case of a Pledge Consent, provided that, in such cases, the Restricted Shares shall automatically be converted into Ordinary
Shares upon any subsequent transfer, sale, contribution or disposal to any party which is not an affiliate, a Successor or a Successor’s affiliate of the
Restricted Shareholder; (ii) immediately prior to the closing of a successful public takeover bid for our shares or the completion of a merger of the
company as acquiring or disappearing company, in circumstances where the shareholders directly or indirectly, controlling or exercising directly or
indirectly joint control over us immediately prior to such takeover bid or merger will not directly or indirectly control, or exercise joint control over, us
or the surviving entity following such takeover bid or merger; or (iii) upon the announcement of a squeeze-out bid for our outstanding shares, in
accordance with Article 513 of the Belgian Companies Code.
Upon conversion, each Restricted Share will be re-classified as one Ordinary Share. From the time of conversion, the Ordinary Shares will be
freely transferable.
Holders of Restricted Shares may benefit from registration rights, as described in “—C. Material Contracts—Material Contracts Related to the
Acquisition of SAB—Registration Rights Agreement.”
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Capital Increase by Our Board of Directors
Subject to the same quorum and majority requirements described above, our shareholders’ meeting may authorize our Board, within certain limits,
to increase our share capital without any further approval of shareholders, by way of authorized capital. This authorization needs to be limited in time
(i.e., it can only be granted for a renewable period of a maximum of five years) and in scope (i.e., the increase by way of authorized capital may not
exceed the amount of the share capital at the time of the authorization).
At the annual shareholders’ meeting on 26 April 2017, our shareholders’ meeting authorized our Board to increase the share capital of AB InBev
to an amount not to exceed 3% of the total number of shares issued and outstanding on 26 April 2017 (i.e., 2,019,241,973). This authorization has been
granted for five years and can be used for several purposes, including when the sound management of our business or the need to react to appropriate
business opportunities calls for a restructuring, an acquisition (whether private or publish) of securities or assets in one or more companies, or generally,
any other appropriate increase of our capital.
Our shareholders’ meeting may restrict or cancel the preferential subscription right, in accordance with Article 596 of the Belgian Companies
Code, for a purpose that is in our best interests, provided, however, that if the preferential subscription right is restricted or canceled with respect to any
issuance in which any of our shareholders acquires any such Equity Interests, all our shareholders shall be given the same right and be treated in the
same way. This requirement shall not apply when the preferential subscription right is restricted or canceled with respect to issuances of Equity Interests
issued solely pursuant to stock option plans or other compensation plans in the ordinary course of business. Where our shareholders’ meeting has
granted an authorization to our board of directors to effect a capital increase in the framework of the authorized capital and such authorization allows
our board of directors to do so, our board of directors may likewise restrict or cancel the preferential subscription right applying the same principles as
set out in this paragraph.
Any decision to restrict or cancel the preferential subscription right will require a quorum at the shareholders’ meeting of shareholders holding at
least 50% of the share capital and, approval by a qualified majority of at least 75% of the votes cast at the meeting (not counting abstentions). If there is
no quorum, a second meeting must be convened. At the second meeting, no quorum is required, but the relevant resolution must be approved by a
qualified majority of at least 75% of the votes cast at the meeting (not counting abstentions).
If any Restricted Shareholder exercises its preferential subscription right in respect of its holding of Restricted Shares, we shall issue, at the
election of the Restricted Shareholder, either Restricted Shares or Ordinary Shares (or a combination thereof) to such Restricted Shareholder. No
Restricted Shares shall be issued other than to a Restricted Shareholder exercising its preferential subscription right. In case of any event referred to in
Article 8.1 of our articles of association, Restricted Shareholders shall only be entitled or required to receive Restricted Shares in respect of the
Restricted Shares held by them.
Certain shareholders (including shareholders resident in, or citizens of, certain jurisdictions, such as the United States, Australia, Canada and
Japan) may not be entitled to exercise such rights even if they are not disapplied unless the rights and related shares are registered or qualified for sale
under the relevant legislative or regulatory framework.
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Purchases and Sales of Our Own Shares
We may only acquire our own shares pursuant to a decision by our shareholders’ meeting taken under the conditions of quorum and majority
provided for in the Belgian Companies Code. Such a decision requires a quorum at the shareholders’ meeting of shareholders holding at least 50% of the
share capital and approval by a qualified majority of at least 80% of the votes cast at the meeting (not counting abstentions). If there is no quorum, a
second meeting must be convened. At the second meeting, no quorum is required, but the relevant resolution must be approved by a qualified majority
of at least 80% of the votes cast at the meeting (not counting abstentions).
On 28 September 2016, our shareholders’ meeting granted an authorization allowing us to acquire our shares, either on or outside of the stock
exchange, up to a maximum of 20% of the issued shares for a unitary price which will not be lower than one Euro and not higher than 20% above the
highest closing price on Euronext Brussels in the last 20 trading days preceding the transaction. This authorization is valid for a period of five years as
from 28 September 2016.
We may only dispose of our own shares pursuant to a decision by our shareholders’ meeting taken under the conditions of quorum and majority
provided for in the Belgian Companies Code. Such a decision requires a quorum at the first shareholders’ meeting of shareholders holding at least 50%
of the share capital and approval by a qualified majority of at least 80% of the votes cast at the meeting (not counting abstentions). If there is no quorum,
a second meeting must be convened. At the second meeting, no quorum is required, but the relevant resolution must be approved by a qualified majority
of at least 80% of the votes cast at the meeting (not counting abstentions).
On 28 September 2016, our shareholders’ meeting granted an authorization allowing us to dispose of our own shares, either on or off the stock
exchange under conditions to be determined by our Board. This authorization is valid for a period of five years beginning from 28 September 2016.
With respect to the shares acquired by us as a result of the merger between us and former AB InBev, our Board shall be entitled to dispose of such
shares only in connection with (i) any share delivery obligations undertaken by former AB InBev prior to 11 November 2015, (ii) any stock option plans
or other compensation plans (including the former SAB’s Zenzele Scheme) or (iii) any stock lending agreement or similar arrangement in respect of
which we used our own shares for the purposes set out in items (i) and (ii).
See “Item 16E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer” for details of our recent share repurchase programs.
At this meeting, our Board and the statutory auditor will present a report on our management and financial situation as at the end of the previous
accounting year, which shall run from 1 January to 31 December. The shareholders will then vote on the approval of the annual accounts, the allocation
of our profit or loss, the appointment or renewal, if necessary, of directors or statutory auditors, remuneration of the directors and the auditor and the
release from liability of the directors and the statutory auditor.
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Ad hoc and Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meetings
Our Board or our statutory auditor (or the liquidators, if appropriate) may, whenever our interests so require, convene a special or extraordinary
shareholders’ meeting. Such shareholders’ meeting must also be convened every time one or more of our shareholders holding at least one-fifth of our
share capital so demand.
Such shareholders’ meetings shall be held on the day, at the hour and in the place designated by the convening notice. They may be held at
locations other than our registered office.
Notices for our shareholders’ meetings are given in the form of announcements placed at least 30 days prior to the meeting in at least one Belgian
newspaper and in the Belgian State Gazette (Moniteur belge/Belgisch Staatsblad). Notices will be sent 30 days prior to the date of our shareholders’
meetings to the holders of our registered shares, holders of our registered warrants and to our directors and our statutory auditor.
Notices of all our shareholders’ meetings and all related documents, such as specific board of directors’ and auditor’s reports, will also be
published on our website.
Admission to Meetings
All shareholders are entitled to attend our shareholders’ meetings, take part in the deliberations and, within the limits prescribed by the Belgian
Companies Code and our articles of association, vote, provided they have complied with the formalities for admission set out in the convening notice.
The right to participate in and vote at a shareholders’ meeting will require a shareholder to:
• have the ownership of his or her shares recorded in his or her name on the 14th calendar day preceding the date of the shareholders’
meeting, either through registration in the register of our registered shares, for holders of registered shares, or through book-entry in the
accounts of an authorized account holder or clearing organization, for holders of dematerialized shares; and
• notify us (or a person designated by us) at the latest on the sixth calendar day preceding the date of the shareholders’ meeting of his or her
intention to participate in the meeting, indicating the number of shares in respect of which he or she intends to do so. In addition, a holder of
dematerialized shares must, at the latest on the same day, provide us (or a person designated by us) with an original certificate issued by an
authorized account holder or a clearing organization certifying the number of shares owned by the relevant shareholder on the record date
for the shareholders’ meeting and for which he or she has notified his or her intention to participate in that meeting.
Voting by Proxy
Any shareholder with the right to vote may either personally participate in the meeting or give a proxy to another person, who need not be a
shareholder, to represent him or her at the meeting. A shareholder may designate, for a given meeting, only one person as proxy holder, except in
circumstances where Belgian law allows the designation of multiple proxy holders. The appointment of a proxy holder may take place in paper form or
electronically (in which case, the form shall be signed by means of an electronic signature in accordance with applicable Belgian law), through a form
which shall be made available by us. The signed original paper or electronic form must be received by us at the latest on the sixth calendar day
preceding the date of the shareholders’ meeting. Any appointment of a proxy holder shall comply with relevant requirements of applicable Belgian law
in terms of conflicting interests, record keeping and any other applicable requirements.
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Remote Voting
Any shareholder with the right to vote may vote remotely in relation to our shareholders’ meeting by sending a paper form or, if permitted by us in
the notice convening the meeting, by sending a form electronically (in which case, the form shall be signed by means of an electronic signature in
accordance with applicable Belgian law). These forms shall be made available by us. Only forms received by us at the latest on the sixth calendar day
preceding the date of the meeting will be taken into account.
Shareholders voting remotely must, in order for their vote to be taken into account for the calculation of the quorum and voting majority, comply
with the admission formalities set out in the convening notice.
Right to Request Items Be Added to the Agenda and to Ask Questions at the Shareholders’ Meeting
One or more shareholders that together hold at least 3% of our share capital may request for items to be added to the agenda of any convened
meeting and submit proposals for resolutions with regard to existing agenda items or new items to be added to the agenda, provided that (i) they prove
ownership of such shareholding as at the date of their request and record their shares representing such shareholding on the record date for the relevant
shareholders’ meeting and (ii) the additional items to be added to the agenda and/or proposed resolutions have been sent in writing (by registered mail or
e-mail) by these shareholders to our registered office no later than on the twenty-second day preceding the date of the relevant shareholders’ meeting.
Such shareholdings must be proven by a certificate evidencing the registration of the relevant shares in our share register or by a certificate issued by the
authorized account holder or the clearing organization certifying the book-entry of the relevant number of dematerialized shares in the name of the
relevant shareholder(s).
We shall acknowledge receipt of shareholders’ requests within 48 hours and, if required, publish a revised agenda of the shareholders’ meeting at
the latest on the 15th day preceding the date of the shareholders’ meeting. The right to request that items be added to the agenda or that proposed
resolutions in relation to existing agenda items be submitted does not apply in case of a second shareholders’ meeting that must be convened because the
quorum was not obtained during the first shareholders’ meeting.
Within the limits of Article 540 of the Belgian Companies Code, our directors and our auditor shall answer, during the shareholders’ meeting, any
questions raised by shareholders. Shareholders may ask questions either during the meeting or in writing, provided that we receive the written question
at the latest on the sixth day preceding the date of the shareholders’ meeting.
Save as provided in the Belgian Companies Code and our articles of association, there will be no quorum requirement at our shareholders’
meetings and decisions will be taken by a simple majority vote.
Resolutions relating to amendments of our articles of association or a merger or split are subject to special quorum and majority requirements.
Specifically, any resolution on these matters will require the presence in person or by proxy of shareholders holding an aggregate of at least 50% of our
issued share capital, and the approval of at least 75% of the votes cast at the meeting (not counting abstentions). If there is no quorum, a second meeting
must be convened. At the second meeting, the quorum requirement will not apply. However, the special majority requirement will continue to apply.
Resolutions relating to the modification of the rights attached to a particular class of our shares are subject to special quorum and majority
requirements. Specifically, any resolution on these matters will require the presence in person or by proxy of shareholders holding an aggregate of at
least 50% of the issued share capital in each class of our shares and the approval of at least 75% of the votes cast at the meeting in each class of our
shares (not counting abstentions). If there is no quorum, a second meeting must be convened. At the second meeting, the quorum requirement will not
apply. However, the special majority requirement will continue to apply.
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Any modification of our corporate purpose or legal form or any authorization to repurchase shares will require a quorum of shareholders holding
an aggregate of at least 50% of the share capital and approval by a qualified majority of at least 80% of the votes cast at the meeting (not counting
abstentions). If there is no quorum, a second meeting must be convened. At the second meeting, no quorum will be required, but the relevant resolution
must be approved by a qualified majority of at least 80% of the votes cast at the meeting (not counting abstentions).
Pursuant to Article 40 of our articles of association, any acquisition or disposal of tangible assets by us for an amount higher than the value of
one-third of our consolidated total assets as reported in our most recent audited consolidated financial statements shall be within the exclusive
jurisdiction of our shareholders’ meeting and shall be adopted with a positive vote of 75% of the shares attending or represented at the meeting,
regardless of the number of shares attending or represented.
Dividends
All of our shares participate equally in our profits. Our Ordinary Shares (including our Ordinary Shares represented by our ADSs) and Restricted
Shares have the same rights in relation to dividends and other distributions.
The Belgian Companies Code provides that dividends can only be paid up to an amount equal to the excess of our shareholders’ equity over the
sum of (i) paid-up or called-up share capital and (ii) reserves not available for distribution pursuant to law or our articles of association. Under Belgian
law and our articles of association, we must allocate an amount of 5% of our annual net profit on an unconsolidated basis to a legal reserve in our
unconsolidated financial statements until such reserve equals 10% of our share capital.
In general, we may only pay dividends with the approval of the shareholders’ meeting. The annual dividend payment (if any) will be approved by
our shareholders at our Ordinary Shareholders’ meeting and will be paid on the dates and the places determined by our board of directors. In addition,
our Board may declare interim dividends without shareholder approval, in accordance with the provisions of the Belgian Companies Code and Article
44 of our articles of association. It is expected that our board will decide the payment of dividends on a semi-annual basis.
See “Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Dividend Policy” for further
information on our current dividend policy.
Appointment of Directors
Under our articles of association, the directors are appointed as follows:
• three independent directors will be appointed by our shareholders’ meeting upon proposal by our board of directors;
• so long as the Stichting and/or any of its affiliates, any of their respective successors and/or successors’ affiliates own, in aggregate, more
than 30% of the shares with voting rights in our share capital, nine directors will be appointed by our shareholders’ meeting upon proposal
by the Stichting (and/or any of its affiliates, any of their respective successors and/or successors’ affiliates); and
• so long as the Restricted Shareholders, together with their affiliates and/or any of their successors and/or successors’ affiliates, own in
aggregate:
• more than 13.5% of the shares with voting rights in our share capital, three directors will be appointed by our shareholders’
meeting upon proposal by the Restricted Shareholders;
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• more than 9% but not more than 13.5% of the shares with voting rights in our share capital, two directors will be appointed by
our shareholders’ meeting upon proposal by the Restricted Shareholders;
• more than 4.5% but not more than 9% of the shares with voting rights in our share capital, one director will be appointed by
our shareholders’ meeting upon proposal by the Restricted Shareholders; and
• 4.5% or less than 4.5% of the shares with voting rights in our share capital, the Restricted Shareholders will no longer have the
right to propose any candidate for appointment as a member of our board of directors and no directors will be appointed upon
proposal by the Restricted Shareholders.
Liquidation Rights
We can only be dissolved by a shareholders’ resolution passed in accordance with the conditions laid down for the amendment of our articles of
association (i.e., with a majority of at least 75% of the votes cast (not counting abstentions) at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting where at least
50% of the share capital is present or represented).
If, as a result of losses incurred, the ratio of our net assets (determined in accordance with Belgian legal and accounting rules) to share capital is
less than 50%, our board of directors must convene an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting within two months as of the date upon which our board of
directors discovered or should have discovered this undercapitalization. At this shareholders’ meeting, our board of directors must propose either the
dissolution of the company or the continuation of the company, in which case, our board of directors must propose measures to redress our financial
situation. Shareholders’ resolutions relating to our dissolution are adopted in accordance with the conditions laid down for the amendments of our
articles of association.
If, as a result of losses incurred, the ratio of our net assets to share capital is less than 25%, the same procedure must be followed; provided,
however, that in this instance, shareholders representing 25% of the votes validly cast at the relevant shareholders’ meeting can decide to dissolve the
company. If the amount of our net assets has dropped below EUR 61,500 (the minimum amount of share capital of a Belgian limited liability company
(société anonyme / naamloze vennootschap)), any interested party is entitled to request the competent court to dissolve the company. The court can
order the dissolution of the company or grant a grace period within which we may remedy the situation.
In the event of our dissolution and liquidation, the assets remaining after payment of all debts and liquidation expenses shall be distributed to the
holders of our shares, each receiving a sum proportional to the number of our shares held by them. Our Ordinary Shares and Restricted Shares have the
same rights in relation to all proceeds of a dissolution, liquidation or winding-up.
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rights. Any obligation imposed by the applicable Belgian legislation to holders of 5% (or any multiple of 5%) of the total outstanding securities with
voting rights shall also apply to the additional notification thresholds of 3% and 7.5%. For details of our major shareholders, see “Item 7. Major
Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—A. Major Shareholders.”
Mandatory Bid
Public takeover bids for our shares and other securities, if any, are subject to supervision by the FSMA. Any public takeover bids must be
extended to all of our voting securities, as well as all other securities giving access to voting rights. Prior to making a bid, a bidder must publish a
prospectus which has been approved by the FSMA prior to publication.
Belgium has implemented the Thirteenth Company Law Directive (European Directive 2004/25/EC of 21 April 2004) in the Belgian Law of
1 April 2007 on public takeover bids and the Belgian Royal Decree of 27 April 2007 on public takeover bids. The Belgian Law of 1 April 2007 on
public takeover bids provides that a mandatory bid must be launched if a person, as a result of his or her own acquisition or the acquisition by persons
acting in concert with him or her or by persons acting for his or her account, directly or indirectly holds more than 30% of the voting securities in a
company having its registered office in Belgium and of which at least part of the voting securities are traded on a regulated market or on a multilateral
trading facility, as designated by the Belgian Royal Decree of 27 April 2007 on public takeover bids (as set out in “Item 7. Major Shareholders and
Related Party Transactions—A. Major Shareholders—Shareholding Structure”).
The mere fact of exceeding the relevant threshold through the acquisition of shares will give rise to a mandatory bid, irrespective of whether the
price paid in the relevant transaction exceeds the current market price. The duty to launch a mandatory bid does not apply in case of an acquisition if it
can be shown that a third party exercises control over us or that such third party holds a larger stake than the person holding 30% of the voting
securities.
There are several provisions of Belgian company law and certain other provisions of Belgian law, such as the obligations to disclose significant
shareholdings and merger control regulations, that may apply to us and which may make an unsolicited tender offer, merger, change in management or
other change in control more difficult. These provisions could discourage potential takeover attempts that other shareholders may consider to be in their
best interest and could adversely affect the market price of our shares. These provisions may also have the effect of depriving the shareholders of the
opportunity to sell their shares at a premium.
In addition, the board of directors of a Belgian company may, in certain instances and subject to prior authorization by the shareholders, deter or
frustrate public takeover bids through dilutive issuances of equity securities (pursuant to the company’s authorized capital) or through share buy-backs
(i.e., the purchase of our own shares).
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C. MATERIAL CONTRACTS
The following contracts have been entered into by us within the two years immediately preceding the date of this Form 20-F or contain provisions
under which we or another member of our group has an obligation or entitlement which is material to our group:
Under the terms of the combination with SAB, any former SAB shareholder other than Altria is entitled, from completion of the combination with
SAB, to enter into an agreement with us on substantially the same terms as the Information Rights Agreement, provided that it is able to demonstrate to
the reasonable satisfaction of our board of directors that it meets the following criteria:
• it will be the sole legal and beneficial holder of no less than 10% of our share capital in issue from time to time;
• for the purposes of its financial reporting, it accounts for its shareholding in AB InBev on the basis of the equity method of accounting in
accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”); and
• it is a U.S. listed company subject to the reporting requirements under the Exchange Act and section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
The Information Rights Agreement is filed as Exhibit 4.26 to this Form 20-F.
The Tax Matters Agreement sets out the framework for ongoing co-operation between us and Altria after completion of the combination with
SAB in relation to certain matters that are relevant to Altria under U.S. tax legislation. The Tax Matters Agreement provided that, upon completion of
the combination with SAB, the existing tax matters agreement in place between Altria and SAB was terminated.
On 25 August 2016, former AB InBev and Altria entered into an amended and restated Tax Matters Agreement, in order to make certain
adjustments to the representations as to the structure and implementation of the combination with SAB to reflect additional details that had developed
since 11 November 2015.
Under the terms of the combination with SAB, as stated in the November Rule 2.7 Announcement, any SAB shareholder other than Altria is
entitled to enter into an agreement with us on substantially the same terms as the Tax Matters Agreement, provided that it is able to demonstrate to the
reasonable satisfaction of our board of directors that it meets the following criteria:
• it is a United States corporation;
• it owned (or was deemed to own for U.S. federal income tax purposes) no less than 5% of the SAB shares; and
• it owned (or was deemed to own for U.S. federal income tax purposes) no less than 10% of the Restricted Shares at completion of the
combination with SAB.
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The Tax Matters Agreement is filed as Exhibit 4.22 to this Form 20-F.
We agreed to provide certain transition services to Molson Coors, including producing certain Miller branded products in specified countries
outside the U.S. for three years. We also agreed to enter into amendments to certain existing agreements between SAB and its affiliates and MillerCoors
in respect of the license and/or supply of certain brands owned by SAB and distributed by MillerCoors in the U.S. and Puerto Rico, including granting
perpetual licenses to such brands to MillerCoors and committing to supply product to MillerCoors under those brands for three years (plus two one-year
extensions at Molson Coors’ election).
The Molson Coors Purchase Agreement, Amendment No. 1 and Amendment No. 2 are filed as Exhibits 4.23, 4.24 and 4.25, respectively, to this
Form 20-F.
In addition, each Restricted Shareholder owning at least 1.0% of our outstanding share capital has certain “piggyback” registration rights under
the Registration Rights Agreement, pursuant to which such Restricted Shareholder may register the resale of their securities alongside any offering of
Ordinary Shares (including ADSs) by AB InBev. We have also agreed to certain other customary provisions, including the indemnification of Altria and
BEVCO and the underwriters of any registered offering.
The Registration Rights Agreement will terminate on the date when there is no Restricted Shareholder that owns more than the lesser of
$2.5 billion of our equity securities by market value and 1.5% of our outstanding share capital. The Registration Rights Agreement has been filed as
Exhibit 4.27 to this Form 20-F.
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The terms of the consent decree also require us to notify the U.S. Department of Justice at least 30 days prior to the consummation of any
acquisition of a beer brewer, importer, distributor or brand owner deriving more than $7.5 million in annual gross revenue from beer sold for further
resale in the United States or from license fees generated by such sales, subject to certain exceptions. In addition, certain aspects of AB InBev’s U.S.
sales programs and policies have been reviewed and modified to conform to the consent decree to ensure that we do not limit the ability and incentives
of independent distributors to sell and promote third-party brewers’ products.
The consent decree will expire on 20 July 2026 (ten (10) years after the U.S. Department of Justice filed its complaint); however, the consent
decree may be terminated at any time after 22 October 2023 upon notice by the U.S. Department of Justice to the court that continuation of the consent
decree is no longer necessary or in the public interest. Our compliance with the consent decree is monitored by the U.S. Department of Justice and the
Monitoring Trustee appointed by it. The terms of the consent decree are reflected in the modified final judgment which is filed as Exhibit 4.28 to this
Form 20-F.
Revolving Facility
As of 31 December 2018, we have fully repaid our obligations under the Revolving Facility (as defined below), and USD 9.0 billion remains
available to be drawn.
On 26 February 2010, we entered into USD 17.2 billion of senior credit agreements, comprising a USD 13 billion senior facilities agreement (the
“2010 Senior Facilities Agreement”) with a syndicate of 13 banks, and two term facilities totaling USD 4.2 billion, enabling us to fully refinance a
previous senior facilities agreement related to our Anheuser-Busch Companies merger in 2008. The 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement made the
following two senior facilities available to us and our subsidiary, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc.: (i) the term facility and (ii) the “Revolving
Facility,” a five-year multi-currency revolving credit facility for up to USD 8.0 billion principal amount. The two term facilities totaling USD
4.2 billion were canceled on 31 March 2010 before being drawn and only the Revolving Facility remains available.
The 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement is filed as Exhibit 4.1 to this Form 20-F.
The Revolving Facility contains customary representations and warranties, covenants and events of default. Among other things, an event of
default is triggered if either a default or an event of default occurs under any of our or our subsidiaries’ financial indebtedness. The obligations of the
borrowers under the 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement are jointly and severally guaranteed by the other borrowers, ABIFI, Anheuser-Busch Companies,
LLC, and Brandbev S.à.R.L.
Mandatory prepayments are required to be made under the 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement in circumstances where a person or a group of
persons acting in concert (other than our controlling shareholder, the Stichting or any of its certificate holders or any persons or group of persons acting
in concert with such persons) acquires control of us, in which case, individual lenders are accorded rights to require prepayment in full of their
respective portions of the outstanding utilizations.
We borrow under the Revolving Facility at an interest rate equal to LIBOR (or EURIBOR for euro-denominated loans) plus a margin of 0.2250%
per annum based upon the ratings assigned by rating agencies to our long-term debt as of the date of this report. These margins may change to the extent
that the ratings assigned to our long-term debt are modified, ranging between 0.175% per annum and 0.70% per annum. A commitment fee of 35% of
the applicable margin is applied to any undrawn but available funds under the Revolving Facility. A utilization fee of up to 0.3% per annum is payable,
dependent on the amount drawn under the Revolving Facility.
Effective 25 July 2011, we amended the Revolving Facility under the 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement. The termination date of the Revolving
Facility was amended to 25 July 2016. On 5 July 2011, in connection with the amendment, we fully prepaid and terminated the term facility under the
2010 Senior Facilities Agreement. The amendment to the Revolving Facility is incorporated by reference as Exhibit 4.2 to this Form 20-F. Effective
20 August 2013, we amended the terms of the USD 8.0 billion five-year Revolving Facility extending the provision of USD 7.2 billion to a revised
maturity of July 2018. The amendment to the Revolving Facility is incorporated by
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reference as Exhibit 4.3 to this Form 20-F. Effective 28 August 2015, we amended the terms of our Revolving Facility to increase the total commitment
to USD 9.0 billion and to extend the maturity to August 2020. The amendment to the Revolving Facility is filed as Exhibit 4.4 to this Form 20-F.
Effective 3 October 2017, we amended the terms of the Revolving Facility to extend the maturity to August 2022. The amendment to the Revolving
Facility is filed as Exhibit 4.5 to this Form 20-F.
D. EXCHANGE CONTROLS
There are no Belgian exchange control regulations that would affect the remittance of dividends to non-resident holders of our shares. See “Item
5. Operating and Financial Review—G. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Transfers from Subsidiaries” for a discussion of various restrictions
applicable to transfers of funds by our subsidiaries.
E. TAXATION
Belgian Taxation
The following paragraphs are a summary of material Belgian tax consequences of the ownership of our shares or ADSs by an investor. The
summary is based on laws, treaties and regulatory interpretations in effect in Belgium on the date of this document, all of which are subject to change,
including changes that could have retroactive effect.
The summary only discusses Belgian tax aspects which are relevant to U.S. holders of our shares or ADSs (“Holders”). This summary does not
address Belgian tax aspects which are relevant to persons who are residents in Belgium or engaged in a trade or business in Belgium through a
permanent establishment or a fixed base in Belgium. This summary does not purport to be a description of all of the tax consequences of the ownership
of our shares or ADSs, and does not take into account the specific circumstances of any particular investor, some of which may be subject to special
rules, or the tax laws of any country other than Belgium. This summary does not describe the tax treatment of investors that are subject to special rules,
such as banks, insurance companies, collective investment undertakings, dealers in securities or currencies, or persons that hold, or will hold, our shares
or ADSs in a position, in a straddle, share-repurchase transaction, conversion transaction, synthetic security or other integrated financial transaction.
Investors should consult their own advisers regarding the tax consequences of an investment in our shares or ADSs in the light of their particular
circumstances, including the effect of any state, local or other national laws.
If we redeem our own shares or ADSs, the redemption distribution (after deduction of the portion of fiscal capital represented by our redeemed
shares or ADSs) will be treated as a dividend, which in certain circumstances may be subject to a withholding tax of 30%, subject to such relief as may
be available under applicable domestic or tax treaty provisions. No withholding tax will be triggered if such redemption is carried out on a stock
exchange and meets certain conditions. In case of our liquidation, any amounts distributed in excess of the fiscal capital will be subject to a 30%
withholding tax, subject to such relief as may be available under applicable domestic or tax treaty provisions.
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Dividends paid or attributed as of 1 January 2018 to non-resident individuals who do not use our shares or ADSs in the exercise of a professional
activity may be exempt from non-resident individual income tax up to the amount of 640 EUR (for income year 2018). Consequently, if Belgian
withholding tax has been levied on dividends paid or attributed to our shares or ADSs, such Belgian non-resident may request in his or her non-resident
income tax return that any Belgian withholding tax levied on dividends up to the amount of EUR 640 (for income year 2018) be credited and, as the
case may be, reimbursed. However, if no Belgian non-resident income tax return has to be filed by the non-resident individual, any Belgian withholding
tax levied on dividends up to such an amount could in principle be reclaimed by filing a request thereto addressed to the tax official to be appointed in a
Royal Decree. Such a request has to be made at the latest on 31 December of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the relevant
dividend(s) have been received, together with an affidavit confirming the non-resident individual status and certain other formalities which are still to be
determined in a Royal Decree. For the avoidance of doubt, all dividends paid or attributed to the non-resident individual are taken into account to assess
whether the maximum amount of EUR 640 (for income year 2018) is reached (and hence not only the amount of dividends paid or attributed on our
shares or ADSs). A withholding tax exemption will apply on dividends paid by us to a company that is a resident of the United States, provided that:
(i) the U.S. company has a legal form similar to the ones listed in the Annex to the European Union Parent-Subsidiary Directive of 30 November 2011
(2011/96/EU) (“EU Parent-Subsidiary Directive”), as amended from time to time; (ii) the U.S. company owns, on the date the dividend is payable or
attributable, a participation representing less than 10% of our capital but with an acquisition value of at least EUR 2,500,000; (iii) the U.S. company
holds our shares or ADSs in full legal ownership for an uninterrupted period of at least one year; and (iv) the U.S. company submits an affidavit to us or
our paying agent (see below). The withholding tax exemption only applies to the extent that the withholding tax, which would be due in the absence of
said exemption, is in principle not creditable or refundable in the hands of the U.S. resident company.
In order to benefit from the above withholding tax exemption, the U.S. resident company must provide us or our paying agent with an affidavit
confirming the following points: (i) the U.S. company has a legal form similar to the ones listed in the Annex to the EU Parent-Subsidiary Directive, as
amended from time to time; (ii) the U.S. company is subject to U.S. corporate income tax or a similar tax without benefiting from a tax regime that
deviates from the ordinary U.S. corporate income tax regime; (iii) the acquisition value of the participation amounts to at least EUR 2,500,000 (but
representing less than 10% of our capital); (iv) the dividends relate to our shares or ADSs which the U.S. company holds or has held in full legal
ownership for an uninterrupted period of at least one year; (v) to which extent the Belgian withholding tax, which would be due in the absence of said
exemption, is in principle creditable or refundable in the hands of the U.S. company according to the legal provisions in force on December 31 of the
year preceding the year of the payment or attribution of the dividends; and (vi) the full name, legal form, address and, if applicable, the fiscal
identification number of the U.S. company.
Withholding tax is also not applicable, pursuant to Belgian domestic tax law, on dividends paid to a U.S. pension fund which satisfies the
following conditions: (i) it is a legal entity with separate legal personality and fiscal residence in the United States; (ii) whose corporate purpose consists
solely in managing and investing funds collected in order to pay legal or complementary pensions; (iii) whose activity is limited to the investment of
funds collected in the exercise of its corporate purpose, without any profit making aim; (iv) which is exempt from income tax in the United States; and
(v) provided that it is not contractually obligated to redistribute the dividends to any ultimate beneficiary of such dividends for whom it would manage
the shares or ADSs, nor obligated to pay a manufactured dividend with respect to the shares or ADSs under a securities borrowing transaction. The
exemption will only apply if the U.S. pension fund provides a certificate confirming that it is the full legal owner or usufruct holder of the shares or
ADSs and that the above conditions are satisfied. The organization must then forward that certificate to us or our paying agent.
For non-resident individuals and companies, the dividend withholding tax will be the only tax on dividends in Belgium, unless the non-resident
holds our shares or ADSs in connection with a business conducted in Belgium, through a fixed base in Belgium or a Belgian permanent establishment.
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Relief of Belgian Dividend Withholding Tax
Under the income tax convention between the United States of America and Belgium (the “Treaty”), there is a reduced Belgian withholding tax
rate of 15% on dividends paid by us to a U.S. resident that beneficially owns the dividends and is entitled to claim the benefits of the Treaty under the
limitation of benefits article included in the Treaty (“Qualifying Holders”). If such Qualifying Holder is a company that owns directly at least 10% of
our voting stock, the Belgian withholding tax rate is further reduced to 5%. No withholding tax is, however, applicable if the Qualifying Holder is: (i) a
company that is a resident of the United States that has owned directly our shares or ADSs representing at least 10% of our capital for a 12-month period
ending on the date the dividend is declared; or (ii) a pension fund that is a resident of the United States, provided that such dividends are not derived
from the carrying on of a business by the pension fund or through an associated enterprise.
Under the normal procedure, we or our paying agent must withhold the full Belgian withholding tax (without taking into account the Treaty rate).
Qualifying Holders may make a claim for reimbursement for amounts withheld in excess of the rate defined by the Treaty. The reimbursement form
(Form 276 Div-Aut.) may be obtained from the Centre Étrangers – Team 6 – 17P, 50 box 3429 Boulevard du Jardin Botanique, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
Qualifying Holders may also, subject to certain conditions, obtain the reduced Treaty rate at source. Qualifying Holders should deliver a duly completed
Form 276 Div-Aut. no later than ten days after the date on which the dividend becomes payable. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisers as to
whether they qualify for reduction in withholding tax upon payment or attribution of dividends, and as to the procedural requirements for obtaining a
reduced withholding tax upon the payment of dividends or for making claims for reimbursement.
Capital gains realized on our shares or ADSs by a corporate Holder which is not entitled to claim the benefits of the Treaty under the limitation of
benefits article included in the Treaty are generally not subject to taxation and losses are not deductible, provided that our shares or ADSs are neither
held in connection with a business conducted in Belgium, nor through a fixed base or permanent establishment in Belgium.
Private individual Holders who are not entitled to claim the benefits of the Treaty under the limitation of benefits article included in the Treaty and
who are holding our shares or ADSs as a private investment will, as a rule, not be subject to tax on any capital gains arising out of a disposal of our
shares or ADSs and capital losses will, as a rule, not be deductible in Belgium, subject to the exceptions below.
If capital gains realized by private individual Holders who are not entitled to claim the benefits of the Treaty under the limitation of benefits
article included in the Treaty on our shares or ADSs are deemed to be realized outside the scope of the normal management of such individual’s private
estate and the capital gain is obtained or received in Belgium, the gain will be subject to a final professional withholding tax of 30.28% or must be
reported in a non-resident tax return for the income year during which the gain has been realized, in which case the gain will be taxable at the rate of
35.51% (33% with a current surcharge of 7%). The Official Commentary to the ITC 1992 stipulates that occasional transactions on a stock exchange
regarding our shares or ADSs should not be considered as transactions realized outside the scope of normal management of one’s own private estate.
Capital gains realized by such individual Holders on the disposal of our shares or ADSs for consideration, outside the exercise of a professional
activity, to a non-resident company (or a body constituted in a similar legal form), to a foreign State (or one of its political subdivisions or local
authorities) or to a non-resident legal entity that is established outside the European Economic Area, are in principle taxable at a rate of 16.5% (plus a
current surcharge of 7%) if, at any time during the five years preceding the sale, such individual Holder has owned directly or indirectly, alone or with
his/her spouse or with certain relatives, a substantial shareholding in us (more than 25% of our shares).
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Capital gains realized by a Holder upon the redemption of our shares or ADSs or upon our liquidation will generally be taxable as a dividend (see
above).
Donations of our shares or ADSs made in Belgium may or may not be subject to gift tax depending on how the donation is carried out.
Belgian non-residents who purchase or otherwise acquire or transfer, for consideration, existing shares or ADSs in Belgium for their own account
through a professional intermediary may be exempt from the stock market tax if they deliver a sworn affidavit to the intermediary in Belgium
confirming their non-resident status.
In addition to the above, no stock market tax is payable by: (i) professional intermediaries described in Article 2, 9° and 10° of the Law of
2 August 2002 acting for their own account, (ii) insurance companies described in Article 2, § 1 of the Law of 9 July 1975 acting for their own account,
(iii) professional retirement institutions referred to in Article 2, 1° of the Law of 27 October 2006 relating to the control of professional retirement
institutions acting for their own account, (iv) collective investment institutions acting for their own account or (v) regulated real estate companies acting
for their own account.
No stock market tax will thus be due by Holders on the subscription, purchase or sale of existing shares or ADSs if the Holders are acting for their
own account. In order to benefit from this exemption, the Holders must file with the professional intermediary in Belgium a sworn affidavit evidencing
that they are non-residents for Belgian tax purposes.
No Tax on Securities Accounts is due provided the holder’s share in the average value of the qualifying financial instruments on those accounts
amounts to less than EUR 500,000. If, however, the holder’s share in the average value of the qualifying financial instruments on those accounts
amounts to EUR 500,000 or more, the Tax on Securities Accounts is due on the entire share of the holder in the average value of the qualifying financial
instruments on those accounts (and hence, not only on the part which exceeds the EUR 500,000 threshold).
Qualifying financial instruments held by non-resident individuals only fall within the scope of the Tax on Securities Accounts provided they are
held on securities accounts with a financial intermediary established or located in Belgium.
A financial intermediary is defined as (i) a credit institution or a stockbroking firm as defined by Article 1, §2 and §3 of the Law of 25 April 2014
on the legal status and supervision of credit institutions and stockbroking firms and (ii) the investment companies as defined by Article 3, §1 of the Law
of 25 October 2016 on access to the activity of investment services and on the legal status and supervision of portfolio management and investment
advice companies, which are pursuant to national law admitted to hold financial instruments for the account of customers.
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The Tax on Securities Accounts is in principle due by the financial intermediary established or located in Belgium if (i) the holder’s share in the
average value of the qualifying financial instruments held on one or more securities accounts with said intermediary amounts to EUR 500,000 or more
or (ii) the holder instructed the financial intermediary to levy the Tax on Securities Accounts due (e.g., in case such holder holds qualifying financial
instruments on several securities accounts held with multiple intermediaries of which the average value of each of these accounts do not amount to EUR
500,000 or more but of which the holder’s share in the total average value of these accounts exceeds EUR 500,000). Otherwise, the Tax on Securities
Accounts must be declared and is due by the holder itself, unless the holder provides evidence that the Tax on Securities Accounts has already been
withheld, declared and paid by an intermediary which is not established or located in Belgium. In that respect, intermediaries located or established
outside of Belgium can appoint a Tax on the Securities Accounts representative in Belgium, subject to certain conditions and formalities (“Tax on the
Securities Accounts Representative”). Such a Tax on the Securities Accounts Representative is then liable towards the Belgian Treasury for the Tax
on the Securities Accounts due and for complying with certain reporting obligations in that respect.
Non-resident individuals need to report in their annual Belgian non-resident income tax return their various securities accounts held with one or
more financial intermediaries established or located in Belgium of which they are considered as a holder within the meaning of the Tax on Securities
Accounts.
Prospective investors are strongly advised to seek their own professional advice in relation to the Tax on Securities Accounts.
U.S. Taxation
This section describes the material United States federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of shares or ADSs. It applies
to you only if you are a U.S. holder, as described below, and you hold your shares or ADSs as capital assets for United States federal income tax
purposes. This discussion addresses only United States federal income taxation and does not discuss all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to
you in light of your individual circumstances, including foreign, state or local tax consequences, estate and gift tax consequences, and tax consequences
arising under the Medicare contribution tax on net investment income or the alternative minimum tax. This section does not apply to you if you are a
member of a special class of holders subject to special rules, including:
• a bank;
• a dealer in securities;
• a trader in securities that elects to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for securities holdings;
• a tax-exempt organization;
• a life insurance company;
• a person that actually or constructively owns 10% or more of the combined voting power of our voting stock or of the total value of our
stock;
• a person that holds shares or ADSs as part of a straddle or a hedging or conversion transaction;
• a person that purchases or sells shares or ADSs as part of a wash sale for tax purposes; or
• a person whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar.
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This section is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, its legislative history, existing and proposed regulations, published
rulings and court decisions, all as currently in effect, as well as on the Treaty. These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis. In
addition, this section is based in part upon the representations of the depositary and the assumption that each obligation in the deposit agreement and any
related agreement will be performed in accordance with its terms.
If an entity or arrangement that is treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes holds our shares or ADSs, the United
States federal income tax treatment of a partner will generally depend on the status of the partner and the tax treatment of the partnership. If you hold
our shares or ADSs as a partner in a partnership, you should consult your tax adviser with regard to the United States federal income tax treatment of an
investment in our shares or ADSs.
You are a U.S. holder if you are a beneficial owner of shares or ADSs and you are, for United States federal income tax purposes:
• a citizen or resident of the United States;
• a domestic corporation;
• an estate whose income is subject to United States federal income tax regardless of its source; or
• a trust if a United States court can exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more United States persons are
authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust.
You should consult your own tax adviser regarding the United States federal, state, local, foreign and other tax consequences of owning and
disposing of our shares and ADSs in your particular circumstances. In particular, you should confirm whether you qualify for the benefits of the Treaty
and the consequences of failing to do so.
The tax treatment of your shares or ADSs will depend in part on whether or not we are classified as a passive foreign investment company, or
“PFIC,” for United States federal income tax purposes. Except as discussed below under “—PFIC Rules,” this discussion assumes that we are not
classified as a PFIC for United States federal income tax purposes.
Taxation of Distributions
Under the United States federal income tax laws, if you are a U.S. holder, the gross amount of any distribution we pay out of our current or
accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for United States federal income tax purposes), other than certain pro-rata distributions of our shares,
will be treated as a dividend that is subject to United States federal income taxation. If you are a non-corporate U.S. holder, dividends that constitute
qualified dividend income will be taxable to you at the preferential rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided that you hold our shares or
ADSs for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date and meet other holding period requirements.
Dividends we pay with respect to the shares or ADSs generally will be qualified dividend income provided that, in the year that you receive the
dividend, we are eligible for the benefits of the Treaty. We believe that we are currently eligible for the benefits of the Treaty and we therefore expect
that dividends on the ordinary shares or ADSs will be qualified dividend income, but there can be no assurance that we will continue to be eligible for
the benefits of the Treaty.
You must include any Belgian tax withheld from the dividend payment in this gross amount even though you do not in fact receive it. The
dividend is taxable to you when you receive, in the case of shares, or the depositary receives, in the case of ADSs, the dividend, actually or
constructively. The dividend will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to United States corporations in respect of
dividends received from other United States corporations. If the dividend is paid in euro, the amount of the dividend distribution that you must include
in your income will be the U.S. dollar value of the euro payments made, determined at the spot euro/U.S. dollar rate on the date the dividend distribution
is includible in your income, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted into U.S. dollars. Generally, any gain or loss resulting from currency
exchange
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fluctuations during the period from the date you include the dividend payment in income to the date you convert the payment into U.S. dollars will be
treated as ordinary income or loss and will not be eligible for the special tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income. The gain or loss generally will
be income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. Distributions in excess of current and accumulated
earnings and profits, as determined for United States federal income tax purposes, will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of your
basis in the shares or ADSs and thereafter as capital gain. However, we do not expect to calculate earnings and profits in accordance with United States
federal income tax principles. Accordingly, you should expect to generally treat distributions we make as dividends.
Subject to certain limitations, the Belgian tax withheld in accordance with the Treaty and paid over to Belgium will be creditable against your
United States federal income tax liability. Special rules apply in determining the foreign tax credit limitation with respect to dividends that are subject to
the preferential tax rates. To the extent a reduction or refund of the tax withheld is available to you under Belgian law or under the Treaty, the amount of
tax withheld that is refundable will not be eligible for credit against your United States federal income tax liability. In addition, if you are eligible under
the Treaty for a lower rate of Belgian withholding tax on a distribution with respect to the shares or ADSs, yet you do not claim such lower rate and, as a
result, you are subject to a greater Belgian withholding tax on the distribution than you could have obtained by claiming benefits under the Treaty, such
additional Belgian withholding tax would likely not be eligible for credit against your United States federal income tax liability.
Dividends will generally be income from sources outside the United States and will generally be “passive” income for purposes of computing the
foreign tax credit allowable to you.
PFIC Rules
We believe that our shares and ADSs should not currently be treated as stock of a PFIC for United States federal income tax purposes and we do
not expect to become a PFIC in the foreseeable future. However, this conclusion is a factual determination that is made annually and thus may be
subject to change. It is therefore possible that we could become a PFIC in a future taxable year. A company is considered a PFIC if, for any taxable year,
either (i) at least 75% of its gross income is passive income or (ii) at least 50% of the value of its assets is attributable to assets that produce or are held
for the production of passive income. If we were to be treated as a PFIC and you are a U.S. holder, unless you make an effective “qualified electing
fund” (“QEF”) election, gain realized on the sale or other disposition of your shares or ADSs would in general not be treated as capital gain. Instead,
unless you effectively elect to be taxed annually on a mark-to-market basis with respect to your shares or ADSs, you would be treated as if you had
realized such gain and certain excess distributions ratably over your holding period for the shares or ADSs and would be taxed at the highest tax rate in
effect for each such year to which the gain was allocated, together with an interest charge in respect of the tax attributable to each such year. With
certain exceptions, your shares or ADSs will be treated as stock in a PFIC if we were a PFIC at any time during your holding period in your shares or
ADSs. Dividends that you receive from us will not be eligible for the special tax rates applicable to qualified dividend income if we are a PFIC or are
treated as a PFIC with respect to you either in the taxable year of the distribution or the preceding taxable year, but instead will be taxable at rates
applicable to ordinary income. The QEF election is conditioned upon our furnishing you annually with certain tax information. We may not take the
action necessary for a U.S. shareholder to make a QEF election in the event our company is determined to be a PFIC.
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Belgian Stock Market Tax
Any Belgian stock market tax that you pay will likely not be a creditable tax for United States federal income tax purposes. However, U.S. holders
are exempt from such tax if they act for their own account and certain information is provided to relevant professional intermediaries (as described
under “—Belgian Taxation—Belgian Tax on Stock Exchange Transactions”). U.S. holders are urged to consult their own tax advisers regarding the
potential application of Belgian tax law to the ownership and disposition of our shares or ADSs.
G. STATEMENT BY EXPERTS
Not applicable.
H. DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY
You may read and copy any reports or other information that we file through the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system
through the SEC’s website on the Internet at http://www.sec.gov.
We also make available on our website, free of charge, our annual reports on Form 20-F, as well as certain other SEC filings, as soon as
reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Our website address is http://www.ab-inbev.com. The information
on our website is not incorporated by reference in this document.
We have filed our amended and restated articles of association and all other deeds that are to be published in the annexes to the Belgian State
Gazette with the clerk’s office of the Commercial Court of Brussels (Belgium), where they are available to the public. A copy of the articles of
association dated 26 April 2017 has been filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this Form 20-F, and is also available on our website under
https://www.ab-inbev.com/investors/corporate-governance.html.
In accordance with Belgian law, we must prepare audited annual statutory and consolidated financial statements. The audited annual statutory and
consolidated financial statements and the reports of our Board and statutory auditor relating thereto are filed with the Belgian National Bank, where they
are available to the public. Furthermore, as a listed company, we publish an annual announcement preceding the publication of our annual financial
report (which includes the audited annual financial statements, the report of our Board and the statutory auditor’s report). In addition, we publish interim
management statements. Copies of these documents are available on our website under https://www.ab-inbev.com/investors.html.
We also disclose price sensitive information (inside information) and certain other information to the public. In accordance with the Belgian Royal
Decree of 14 November 2007 on the obligations of issuers of financial instruments that are admitted to trading on a regulated market, such information
and documentation is made available through our website, press releases and the communication channels of Euronext Brussels.
Our head office is located at Brouwerijplein 1, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Our telephone number is +32 (0)1 627 6111 and our website is
http://www.ab-inbev.com. The contents of our website do not form a part of this Form 20-F. Although certain references are made to our website in this
Form 20-F, no information on our website forms part of this Form 20-F.
Documents related to us that are available to the public (reports, our Corporate Governance Charter, written communications, financial statements
and our historical financial information for each of the three financial years preceding the publication of this Form 20-F) can be consulted on our
website (http://www.ab-inbev.com) and at: Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, Brouwerijplein 1, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Unless stated otherwise in this Form 20-F, none of these documents form part of this Form 20-F.
I. SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION
Not applicable.
Some of our risk management strategies include the use of derivatives. The main derivative instruments used are foreign currency rate
agreements, exchange traded foreign currency futures and options, interest rate swaps and forwards, cross currency interest rate swaps, exchange traded
interest rate futures, commodity swaps, exchange traded commodity futures and equity swaps. We do not, as a matter of policy, make use of derivative
financial instruments in the context of speculative trading.
Financial markets experienced significant volatility over the past years, which we have addressed and are continuing to address through our
existing risk management policies.
Please refer to note 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended
31 December 2018 for a fuller quantitative and qualitative discussion on the market risks to which we are subject and our policies with respect to
managing those risks.
As far as foreign currency risk on firm commitments and forecasted transactions is concerned, our policy is to hedge operational transactions
which are reasonably expected to occur (e.g., cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses) within the forecast period determined
in the financial risk management policy. Operational transactions that are certain are hedged without any limitation in time. Non-operational transactions
(such as acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries) are hedged as soon as they are certain.
As of 31 December 2018, we have substantially locked in our anticipated exposures related to firm commitments and forecasted transactions for
2019 for the most important currency pairs such as USD/Brazilian real, USD/Mexican peso and USD/Argentine peso. Some exposures in certain
countries had been either mostly or partially covered due to the fact that hedging can be limited in such countries as the local foreign exchange market
prevents us from hedging at a reasonable cost. Open positions can also be the result of our risk management policy.
We have performed analyses in relation to our foreign currency transaction exposures using a currency sensitivity model that identified varying
ranges of possible closing rates for 2018, factoring in the possible volatility in those exchange rates (see note 29 to our audited consolidated financial
statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018). Based on such analysis, we estimate that if certain
currencies had weakened or strengthened against the U.S. dollar or euro during 2018, our 2018 profit before taxes would have been USD 76 million
higher or lower, respectively, while the pre-tax translation reserves in equity would have been USD 587 million higher or lower, respectively.
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Foreign exchange rates have been subject to significant volatility in the recent past and may be again in the future. See note 29 to our audited
consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018 for details of the above sensitivity
analyses, a fuller quantitative and qualitative discussion on the foreign currency risks to which we are subject and our policies with respect to managing
those risks.
We have performed sensitivity analyses in relation to our interest-bearing financial liabilities and assets that bear a variable rate of interest,
factoring in a range of possible volatilities in the different markets where we hold such instruments (see note 29 to our audited consolidated financial
statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018). We have estimated that a change in market interest
rates based on the range of volatilities considered in our analysis could have impacted our 2018 interest expense by plus or minus USD 8 million in
relation to our floating rate debt. Such increase or decrease would be more than offset by a USD 60 million decrease or increase in interest income on
our interest-bearing financial assets.
Interest rates have been subject to significant volatility in the recent past and may be again in the future. See note 29 to our audited consolidated
financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018 for details of the above sensitivity analyses, a
fuller quantitative and qualitative discussion on the interest rate risks to which we are subject and our policies with respect to managing those risks.
Note:
(1) These hedges are designated in a cash flow hedge accounting relationship in accordance with IFRS 9.
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See note 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018
for a fuller quantitative and qualitative discussion on the commodity risks that we are subject to, and our policies with respect to managing those risks.
As of 31 December 2018, an exposure for an equivalent of 92.4 million of our shares was hedged, resulting in a total loss of USD 3.5 billion
recognized in the profit or loss account for the period, of which USD 1.8 billion related to our share-based payment programs, and USD 873 million and
USD 849 million related to the Grupo Modelo and SAB acquisitions, respectively.
The sensitivity analysis on the share-based payments hedging program, calculated based on a 22.03% reasonable possible volatility of our share
price, and with all the other variables held constant, would show USD 1,345 million positive/negative impact on our 2018 profit before tax. Sensitivity
analysis is assessed based on the yearly volatility using daily observable market data during 250 days at 31 December 2018.
Other Risks
See note 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2018 and 2017, and for the three years ended 31 December 2018
for a fuller quantitative and qualitative discussion on the equity, credit and liquidity risks to which we are subject and our policies with respect to
managing those risks.
C. OTHER SECURITIES
Not applicable.
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Copies of the Deposit Agreement and any amendments to the Deposit Agreement are or will be on file with the SEC under cover of a Registration
Statement on Form F-6. You may obtain copies of the Deposit Agreement and any amendments thereto from the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F
Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549 and from the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
The Deposit Agreement is among us, The Bank of New York Mellon, as ADR depositary, and all holders from time to time of ADRs issued under
the Deposit Agreement. Copies of the Deposit Agreement are also on file at the ADR depositary’s corporate trust office and the office of the custodian.
They are open to inspection by owners and holders during business hours.
Uncertificated ADSs may be registered on the books of the depositary in electronic book-entry form by means of the Direct Registration System
(“DRS”) operated by The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”). Periodic statements will be mailed to our ADS holders that reflect their ownership
interest in such ADSs. Alternatively, under the Deposit Agreement, our ADSs may be certificated by ADRs delivered by the depositary to evidence the
ADSs. Unless otherwise specified in this description, references to “ADSs” include (i) our uncertificated ADSs, the ownership of which will be
evidenced by periodic statements ADS holders will receive, and (ii) our certificated ADSs evidenced by our ADRs.
The depositary’s office is located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286, United States. Because the depositary or its nominee
actually holds the underlying Ordinary Shares, ADS holders generally receive the benefit from such underlying AB InBev Ordinary Shares through the
depositary. ADS holders must rely on the depositary to exercise the rights of a shareholder on their behalf, including the voting of the Ordinary Shares
represented by the ADSs. If a person becomes an owner of our ADSs, it will become a party to the Deposit Agreement and therefore will be bound by
its terms and by the terms of the ADSs and the ADRs. The Deposit Agreement specifies the rights and obligations of AB InBev, the ADS holders’ rights
and obligations as owners of ADSs and the rights and obligations of the depositary. The Deposit Agreement, the ADSs and the ADRs will be governed
by New York law. However, the underlying Ordinary Shares will continue to be governed by Belgian law, which may be different from New York law.
You may hold ADSs either (A) directly (i) by having an American Depositary Receipt, also referred to as an ADR, which is a certificate
evidencing a specific number of ADSs, registered in your name, or (ii) by having ADSs registered in your name in the DRS, or (B) indirectly by holding
a security entitlement in ADSs through your broker or other financial institution. If you hold ADSs directly, you are a registered ADS holder, also
referred to as an ADS holder. This description assumes you are an ADS holder. If you hold the ADSs indirectly, you must rely on the procedures of
your broker or other financial institution to assert the rights of ADS holders described in this section. You should consult with your broker or financial
institution to find out what those procedures are.
DRS is a system administered by DTC, pursuant to which the depositary may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership
shall be evidenced by periodic statements sent by the depositary to the registered holders of uncertificated ADSs.
As an ADS holder, we will not treat you as one of our shareholders and you will not have shareholder rights. Belgian law governs shareholder
rights. The depositary will be the holder of the shares underlying your ADSs. As a registered holder of ADSs, you will have ADS holder rights. A
deposit agreement among us, the depositary and you, as an ADS holder, and all other persons indirectly holding ADSs sets out ADS holder rights as
well as the rights and obligations of the depositary. New York law governs the Deposit Agreement and the ADSs.
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The following is a summary of the fee provisions of the deposit agreement. For more complete information regarding ADRs, you should read the
entire deposit agreement and the form of ADR.
No more than $5.00 per 100 ADSs (or portion of 100 ADSs) Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from a distribution of
shares or rights or other property
Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal, including if the
deposit agreement terminates
No more than the greater of (a) $0.02 per ADS and (b) 10% of the dividend Any dividend or cash distribution to ADS holders
or cash distribution amount per ADS
A fee equivalent to the fee that would be payable if securities distributed to Distribution of securities to holders of deposited securities by the
you had been shares and the shares had been deposited for issuance of ADSs depositary to ADS holders
Registration or transfer fees Transfer and registration of shares on our share register to or from the
name of the depositary or its agent when you deposit or withdraw
shares
Expenses of the depositary Cable, telex and facsimile transmissions (when expressly provided in
the deposit agreement)
Converting foreign currency to U.S. dollars
Taxes and other governmental charges that the depositary or the custodian As necessary
has to pay on any ADS or share underlying an ADS, for example, stock
transfer taxes, stamp duty or withholding taxes
Telex or facsimile charges provided for in the deposit agreement Expenses for depositary services
Any unavoidable charges incurred by the depositary or its agents for As necessary
servicing the deposited securities
The depositary collects its fees for delivery and surrender of ADSs directly from investors depositing shares or surrendering ADSs for the purpose
of withdrawal or from intermediaries acting for them. The depositary collects fees for making distributions to investors by deducting those fees from the
amounts distributed or by selling a portion of distributable property to pay the fees. The depositary may collect its annual fee for depositary services by
deduction from cash distributions or by directly billing investors or by charging the book-entry system accounts of participants acting for them. The
depositary may collect any of its fees by deduction from any cash distribution payable (or by selling a portion of securities or other property
distributable) to ADS holders that are obligated to pay those fees. The depositary may generally refuse to provide fee-attracting services until its fees for
those services are paid.
From time to time, the depositary may make payments to us to reimburse us for costs and expenses generally arising out of establishment and
maintenance of the ADS program, waive fees and expenses for services provided to us by the depositary or share revenue from the fees collected from
ADS holders. In performing its duties under the Deposit Agreement, the depositary may use brokers, dealers, foreign currency dealers or other service
providers that are owned by or affiliated with the depositary and that may earn or share fees, spreads or commissions.
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The depositary may convert currency itself or through any of its affiliates and, in those cases, acts as principal for its own account and not as
agent, adviser, broker or fiduciary on behalf of any other person and earns revenue, including, without limitation, transaction spreads, that it will retain
for its own account. The revenue is based on, among other things, the difference between the exchange rate assigned to the currency conversion made
under the deposit agreement and the rate that the depositary or its affiliate receives when buying or selling foreign currency for its own account. The
depositary makes no representation that the exchange rate used or obtained in any currency conversion under the deposit agreement will be the most
favorable rate that could be obtained at the time or that the method by which that rate will be determined will be the most favorable to ADS holders,
subject to the depositary’s obligations under the deposit agreement. The methodology used to determine exchange rates used in currency conversions is
available upon request.
Payment of Taxes
You will be responsible for any taxes or other governmental charges payable on your ADSs or on the deposited securities represented by any of
your ADSs. The depositary may refuse to register any transfer of your ADSs or allow you to withdraw the deposited securities represented by your
ADSs until such taxes or other charges are paid. It may apply payments owed to you or sell deposited securities represented by your ADSs to pay any
taxes owed and you will remain liable for any deficiency. If the depositary sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of ADSs
to reflect the sale and pay to ADS holders any proceeds, or send to ADS holders any property remaining after it has paid the taxes.
Note:
(1) This includes both direct payments to AB InBev as well as The Bank of New York Mellon invoices that have been offset with revenue sharing
balance.
The depositary has also agreed to waive fees for standard costs associated with the administration of the program and has paid certain expenses
directly to third parties on our behalf. The table below sets forth those expenses that the depositary paid directly to third parties for the year ended
31 December 2018.
Expenses the depositary paid to third parties on our behalf Amount (in USD)
Standard out-of-pocket maintenance costs 129,925.00
Total 129,925.00
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This right of withdrawal may not be limited by any other provision of the Deposit Agreement.
Pre-release of ADSs
The Deposit Agreement permits the depositary to deliver ADSs before deposit of the underlying shares. This is called a pre-release of the ADSs.
The depositary may also deliver shares upon cancellation of pre-released ADSs (even if the ADSs are canceled before the pre-release transaction has
been closed out). A pre-release will be closed out as soon as the underlying shares are delivered to the depositary. The depositary may receive ADSs
instead of shares to close out a pre-release. The depositary may pre-release ADSs only under the following conditions: (i) before or at the time of the
pre-release, the person to whom the pre-release is being made represents to the depositary in writing that it or its customer owns the shares or ADSs to
be deposited; (ii) the pre-release is fully collateralized with cash or other collateral that the depositary considers appropriate; (iii) the depositary must be
able to close out the pre-release on not more than five business days’ notice; and (iv) subject to such further indemnities and credit regulation as the
depositary deems appropriate. In addition, the depositary will limit the number of ADSs that may be outstanding at any time as a result of pre-release,
although the depositary may disregard the limit from time to time, if it thinks it is appropriate to do so.
In connection with and in accordance with the arrangements and procedures relating to DRS/Profile, the parties to the Deposit Agreement
understand that the depositary will not verify, determine or otherwise ascertain that the DTC participant which is claiming to be acting on behalf of an
ADS holder in requesting registration of transfer and delivery described in the paragraph above has the actual authority to act on behalf of the ADS
holder (notwithstanding any requirements under the Uniform Commercial Code). In the Deposit Agreement, the parties will agree that the depositary’s
reliance on and compliance with instructions received by the depositary through the DRS/Profile and in accordance with the Deposit Agreement shall
not constitute negligence or bad faith on the part of the depositary.
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PART II
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
Our internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail,
accurately and fairly, reflect transactions and dispositions of assets, provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded in the manner necessary
to permit the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are only
carried out in accordance with the authorization of our management and directors, and provide reasonable assurance regarding the prevention or timely
detection of any unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements. Moreover, projections of
any evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control to future periods are subject to a risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions and that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our management has assessed the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting based on the Internal Control—Integrated Framework
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in 2013. Based on this assessment, our management has
concluded that our internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2018 was effective.
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The effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2018 has been audited by Deloitte Bedrijfsrevisoren/Réviseurs
d’Entreprises CVBA/SCRL, our independent registered public accounting firm, as represented by Joël Brehmen. Their audit report and their opinion on
management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting, is included in our audited consolidated financial statements included in this Form
20-F.
If the provisions of the code that apply to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer are amended, or
if a waiver is granted, we will disclose such amendment or waiver.
2018 2017
(USD thousand)
Audit Fees 8,685 8,905
Audit-Related Fees 296 412
Tax Fees 1,041 1,593
All Other Fees — —
Total 10,022 10,910
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Audit Fees
Audit fees are fees billed for services that provide assurance on the fair presentation of financial statements and encompass the following specific
elements:
• An audit opinion on our consolidated financial statements;
• An audit opinion on the statutory financial statements of individual companies within the AB InBev Group, where legally required;
• A review opinion on interim financial statements; and
• In general, any opinion assigned to the statutory auditor by local legislation or regulations.
Audit-Related Fees
Audit-related fees are fees for assurance services or other work traditionally provided to us by external audit firms in their role as statutory
auditors. These services usually result in a certification or specific opinion on an investigation or specific procedures applied, and include opinions/audit
reports on information provided by us at the request of a third party (for example, prospectuses, comfort letters).
Over the last two years, audit-related services were mainly incurred in relation to services in connection with rights and bonds issuances.
Tax Fees
Tax fees in 2018 were primarily related to advisory services. In 2017, the majority of our tax fees related to advisory services.
The advance approval of the Chair of the Audit Committee is required for all audit and non-audit services provided by our auditors and was
obtained for all such services provided in 2017 and 2018.
Our auditors and management report, on a quarterly basis, to the Audit Committee regarding the extent of the services provided and the fees for
the services performed to date.
ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
None.
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Total number of Maximum number (or
shares purchased as approximate dollar
Total number of part of publicly value) of shares that may
shares purchased Average price paid announced plans or yet be purchased under
(1) per share programs the plans or programs
(number of shares) (USD) (number of shares) (USD million)
1 April 2018 – 30 April 2018 — — — —
1 May 2018 – 31 May 2018 — — — —
1 June 2018 – 30 June 2018 — — — —
1 July 2018 – 31 July 2018 — — — —
1 August 2018 – 31 August 2018 — — — —
1 September 2018 – 30 September 2018 — — — —
1 October 2018 – 31 October 2018 — — — —
1 November 2018 – 30 November 2018 — — — —
1 December 2018 – 31 December 2018 — — — —
Total — — — —
Note:
(1) Under certain of our share-based compensation plans, shares are granted to employees at a discount. See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management
and Employees—B. Compensation—Share-Based Payment Plans.” The discount is granted in the form of additional shares, and if such
employees leave the AB InBev Group prior to the end of the applicable vesting period, we take back the shares representing the discount.
Technically, all of the “discount” shares are repurchased from the employee by our subsidiary, Brandbev, for an aggregate price of EUR 1, or
USD 1 if the individual is located in the United States.
Deloitte Bedrijfsrevisoren/Réviseurs d’Entreprises CVBA/SCRL’s reports on our consolidated financial statements for the two-year period ended
31 December 2018 did not contain an adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion or report, nor was any report qualified or modified as to uncertainty,
audit scope or accounting principles.
During our two most recent fiscal years, there were no disagreements with Deloitte Bedrijfsrevisoren/Réviseurs d’Entreprises CVBA/SCRL,
whether or not resolved, on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedures, which
disagreement, if not resolved to the satisfaction of Deloitte Bedrijfsrevisoren/Réviseurs d’Entreprises CVBA/SCRL, would have caused Deloitte
Bedrijfsrevisoren/Réviseurs d’Entreprises CVBA/SCRL to make a reference to the subject matter of the disagreement in connection with any reports it
would have issued, and there were no “reportable events” as that term is defined in Item 16F(a)(1)(v) of Form 20-F.
We have provided Deloitte Bedrijfsrevisoren/Réviseurs d’Entreprises CVBA/SCRL with a copy of the foregoing disclosure, and we have
requested that it furnish us with a letter addressed to the SEC stating whether or not it agrees with the above disclosures. A copy of this letter is filed as
Exhibit 16.1 to this Form 20-F.
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We did not consult PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren bcvba during our two most recent fiscal years or any subsequent interim period regarding (i) the
application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on our
financial statements; or (ii) any matter that was the subject of a disagreement as that term is used in Item 16F(a)(1)(iv) of Form 20-F or a “reportable
event” as described in Item 16F(a)(1)(v) of Form 20-F.
In general, the 2009 Belgian Corporate Governance Code (the “Code”) that applies to us is a code of best practices applied to listed companies on
a non-binding basis. The Code applies a “comply or explain” approach. That is, companies may depart from the Code’s provisions if they give a
reasoned explanation of the reasons for doing so.
Under the NYSE listing standards, a majority of the directors of a listed U.S. company are required to be independent, while in Belgium, only
three directors need to be independent. As of 31 December 2018, our Board of Directors comprised three independent directors and twelve directors
deemed not to be “independent” under the NYSE listing standards as a result of Belgian law independence determinations, none of which serve as part
of our management. Of these twelve directors, nine are considered non-independent solely because they serve as directors of our controlling
shareholder, the Stichting, and three are considered non-independent because of their relationships with Altria and BEVCO, the two largest holders of
Restricted Shares.
The NYSE rules further require that the audit, nominating and compensation committees of a listed U.S. company be composed entirely of
independent directors, including that there be a minimum of three members on the audit committee. The Belgian Corporate Governance Code
recommends only that a majority of the directors on each of these committees meet the technical requirements for independence under Belgian corporate
law. As of 1 January 2019, all four voting members of our Audit Committee are independent for purposes of Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934. However, one of the four directors on our Audit Committee, four of the five directors on our Nomination Committee and one of the three
directors on our Remuneration Committee would not meet the NYSE independence requirements. As the Audit Committee, Nomination Committee and
Remuneration Committee are composed exclusively of non-executive directors who are independent of management and free from any business
relationship that could materially interfere with the exercise of their independent judgment, we consider that the composition of these committees
achieves the Belgian Corporate Governance Code’s aim of avoiding potential conflicts of interest.
We consider that the terms of reference of our board committees are generally responsive to the relevant NYSE rules, but may not address all
aspects of these rules.
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PART III
1.1* Consolidated Articles of Association of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, dated as of 26 April 2017 (English-language translation)
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form F-4 filed by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV on 30 June 2017).
2.1* Indenture, dated as of 16 October 2009, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, Brandbrew S.A.,
Cobrew NV/SA and Anheuser Busch Companies, LLC and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form F-4 (File No. 333-163464) filed by former AB InBev on 3 December 2009).
2.2* Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of 27 November 2009, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser-Busch InBev
SA/NV, the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.6 to Form F-4 (File No. 333-163464) filed by former AB InBev on 3 December 2009).
2.3* Tenth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of 7 April 2010, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV,
the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 2.3 to Form 20-F (File No. 001-34455) filed by former AB InBev on 13 April 2011).
2.4* Twenty-Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of 6 October 2011, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser-Busch
InBev SA/NV, the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form F-3/A (File No. 333-169514) filed by former AB InBev on 7 October 2011).
2.5* Twenty-Ninth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of 20 December 2012, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser-Busch
InBev SA/NV, the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto from time to time and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as
Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form F-3/A (File No. 333-169514) filed by former AB InBev on 21 December 2012).
2.6* Indenture, dated as of 17 January 2013, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc., Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, Brandbrew S.A.,
Cobrew NV/SA, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. and Anheuser Busch Companies, LLC and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust
Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.5 to Form 20-F filed by former AB InBev on 25 March 2013).
2.7* Indenture, dated as of 25 January 2016, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc., Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser-
Busch InBev SA/NV, Brandbrew S.A., Cobrew NV/SA and Anheuser Busch Companies, LLC and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust
Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.7 to Form 20-F filed by former AB InBev on 14 March 2016).
2.8* Indenture, dated as of 16 December 2016, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc., Anheuser-
Busch InBev SA/NV, Brandbrew S.A., Cobrew NV/SA and Anheuser Busch Companies, LLC and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust
Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.8 to Form 20-F filed by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV on 22 March
2017).
2.9* Indenture, dated as of 15 May 2017, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc., Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser-Busch
InBev SA/NV, Brandbrew S.A., Cobrew NV/SA and Anheuser Busch Companies, LLC and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust
Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 6-K filed by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV on 15 May
2017).
2.10* Indenture, dated as of 4 April 2018, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc., Anheuser-Busch
InBev SA/NV, Brandbrew S.A., Cobrew NV/SA and Anheuser Busch Companies, LLC and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust
Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 6-K filed by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV on 4 April 2018).
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2.11* Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement, by and among Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and The Bank of New York Mellon, as
Depositary and Owners and Holders of American Depositary Shares, dated as of 23 March 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to
Form S-8 filed by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV on 14 September 2018).
2.12* Indenture, dated as of 13 November 2018, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser Busch Companies, LLC, Anheuser-
Busch InBev Finance Inc., Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, Brandbrew S.A. and Cobrew NV/SA and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust
Company, N.A., as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 6-K filed by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV on 14 November
2018).
2.13* Seventh Supplemental Indenture, dated as of 23 January 2019, among Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., Anheuser-Busch InBev
SA/NV, the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto from time to time and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 6-K filed by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV on 23 January 2019).
3.1* Voting Agreement between Stichting Anheuser-Busch InBev, Fonds Baillet Latour SPRL and Fonds Voorzitter Verhelst SPRL, effective
1 November 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.36 to Amendment No. 15 to Schedule 13D filed by former AB InBev on 9 March
2016).
3.2* Amended and Restated New Shareholders’ Agreement, dated 11 April 2016, among BRC S.à.R.L., Eugénie Patri Sébastian S.A., EPS
Participations S.à.R.L., Rayvax Société d’Investissements S.A. and Stichting Anheuser-Busch InBev (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
2.37 to Schedule 13D filed by former AB InBev on 19 April 2016).
3.3* Voting and Support Agreement relating to Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, dated 8 October 2016, among Stichting Anheuser-Busch InBev,
Altria Group, Inc., BEVCO Ltd. and Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.4 to Anheuser-Busch InBev
SA/NV’s Schedule 13D filed by BRC S.à.R.L. on 2 November 2016).
4.1* 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement for Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., dated 26 February 2010
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form 20-F filed by former AB InBev on 15 April 2010). †
4.2* Letter of Amendment dated 23 June 2011, amending the 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement dated 26 February 2010 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form 20-F filed by former AB InBev on 13 April 2012).†
4.3* Letter of Amendment dated 20 August 2013, amending the 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement dated 26 February 2010 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form 20-F filed by former AB InBev on 24 March 2015).
4.4* Amendment and Restatement Agreement dated 28 August 2015, amending the 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement dated 26 February 2010
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Form 20-F filed by former AB InBev on 14 March 2016).
4.5* Letter of Amendment dated 26 October 2017, amending the 2010 Senior Facilities Agreement dated 26 February 2010 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.5 to Form 20-F filed by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV on 19 March 2018).
4.6* Share-Based Compensation Plan Relating to Shares of Anheuser-Busch InBev (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form S-8 (File
No. 333-172069) filed by former AB InBev on 4 February 2011).
4.7* Share-Based Compensation Plan Relating to American Depositary Shares of Anheuser-Busch InBev (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.4 to Form S-8 (File No. 333-172069) filed by former AB InBev on 4 February 2011).
4.8* Long-Term Incentive Plan Relating to Shares of Anheuser-Busch InBev (most recent version is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to
Form S-8 (File No. 333-208634) filed by former AB InBev on 18 December 2015).
4.9* Long-Term Incentive Plan Relating to American Depositary Shares of Anheuser-Busch InBev (most recent version is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Form S-8 (File No. 333-208634) filed by former AB InBev on 18 December 2015).
4.10* Exceptional Incentive Restricted Stock Units Programme (most recent version is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to Form S-8 (File
No. 333-208634) filed by former AB InBev on 18 December 2015).
4.11* Discretionary Restricted Stock Units Programme (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form S-8 (File No. 333-221808) filed on
11 November 2017).
4.12* Terms and Conditions of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV Stock Option Plan–Stock Options Grant of 18 December 2009 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form S-8 (File No. 333-165065) filed by former AB InBev on 25 February 2010 and post-effectively amended
by Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-8 filed by former AB InBev on 4 February 2011).
4.13* Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV Long-Term Incentive Plan–Stock Options Grant of 18 December 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.4 to Form S-8 (File No. 333-165065) filed by former AB InBev on 25 February 2010 and post-effectively amended by Post-Effective
Amendment No. 1 to Form S-8 filed by former AB InBev on 4 February 2011).
4.14* Forms of Stock Option Plan underlying the Dividend Waiver and Exchange Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to Form S-8
(File No. 333-165065) filed by former AB InBev on 25 February 2010 and post-effectively amended by Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to
Form S-8 filed by former AB InBev on 4 February 2011).
4.15* Share-Based Compensation Plan March 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to Form S-8 (File No. 333-165065) filed by former
AB InBev on 25 February 2010 and post-effectively amended by Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-8 filed by former AB InBev
on 4 February 2011).
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4.16* Share-Based Compensation Plan March 2010 for EBM, GHQ & NY (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to Form S-8 filed by
former AB InBev on 25 February 2010 and post-effectively amended by Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-8 filed by former
AB InBev on 4 February 2011).
4.17* 2020 Dream Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to Form S-8 (File No. 333-208634) filed by former AB InBev on
18 December 2015).
4.18* Final Judgment of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, entered into on 21 October 2013, outlining the Grupo
Modelo settlement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.18 to Form 20-F filed by former AB InBev on 25 March 2014).
4.22* Tax Matters Agreement, dated as of 11 November 2015, between Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and Altria Group, Inc. (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 99.5 to former AB InBev’s Current Report on Form 6-K filed with the SEC on 12 November 2015).
4.23* Purchase Agreement, dated as of 11 November 2015, between Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and Molson Coors Brewing Company
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.7 to Form 6-K filed by former AB InBev on 12 November 2015).‡
4.24* Amendment No. 1 to Purchase Agreement, dated as of 25 March 2016, between Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and Molson Coors
Brewing Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Form F-4 (File No. 333-213328) filed by Anheuser-Busch InBev
SA/NV on 26 August 2016).
4.25* Amendment No. 2 to Purchase Agreement, dated as of 3 October 2016, between Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and Molson Coors
Brewing Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to Form 6-K filed by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV on 12 October
2016).
4.26* Information Rights Agreement, dated as of 11 November 2015, between Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and Altria Group, Inc.
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.26 to Form 20-F filed by AB InBev on 22 March 2016).
4.27* Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of 10 October 2016, among Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV and the Holders as defined therein
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.27 to Form 20-F filed by AB InBev on 22 March 2016).
4.28 Modified Judgment of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, dated as of 22 October 2018, relating to the
combination with SAB.
4.29* Gap Long-Term Incentive Plan for SABMiller Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Form S-8 (File No. 333-221808)
filed on 11 November 2017).
4.30* Five-Year Performance Restricted Stock Units Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form S-8 (File No. 333-227335) filed
on 14 September 2018).
4.31* Ten-Year Performance Restricted Stock Units Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Form S-8 (File No. 333-227335) filed
on 14 September 2018).
6.1 Description of earnings per share (included in note 23 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in this Form 20-F).
8.1 List of significant subsidiaries (included in note 37 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in this Form 20-F).
11.1* Anheuser-Busch InBev Code of Dealing, dated as of January 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 11.1 to Form 20-F filed by AB
InBev on 22 March 2016).
11.2* Anheuser-Busch InBev Code of Business Conduct, dated as of December 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 11.2 to Form 20-F
filed by AB InBev on 22 March 2016).
12.1 Principal Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
12.2 Principal Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
13.1 Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
15.1 Consent of Deloitte Bedrijfsrevisoren/Réviseurs d’Entreprises CVBA/SCRL.
16.1 Letter from Deloitte Bedrijfsrevisoren/Réviseurs d’Entreprises CVBA/SCRL to the SEC, dated 22 March 2019 regarding the change in
independent registered public accounting firm.
101.INS XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema.
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Calculation Linkbase.
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Definition Linkbase.
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Label Linkbase.
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Presentation Linkbase.
Note:
* Previously filed.
† Certain terms are omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment.
‡ This filing excludes certain schedules and exhibits, which the Registrant agrees to furnish supplementally to the SEC upon request by the SEC.
221
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for
filing on Form 20-F and has duly caused this annual report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
222
AB INBEV GROUP AUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
F-1
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework
(2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated 13 March 2019, expressed an
unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included
performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures
that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
F-2
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated
financial statements as of and for the year ended 31 December 2018, of the Company and our report dated 13 March 2019 expressed an unqualified
opinion on those financial statements.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included
obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the
design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in
the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation
of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
F-3
Consolidated financial statements
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-4
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
Consolidated statement of financial position
As at 31 December 31 December
Million US dollar Notes 2018 2017
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment 13 25 910 27 184
Goodwill 14 133 311 140 940
Intangible assets 15 44 831 45 874
Investments in associates and joint ventures 16 6 136 5 263
Investment securities 17 108 100
Deferred tax assets 18 1 457 1 216
Employee benefits 25 16 22
Income tax receivables 992 708
Derivatives 29 291 25
Trade and other receivables 20 769 834
Total non-current assets 213 822 222 166
Current assets
Investment securities 17 87 1 304
Inventories 19 4 234 4 119
Income tax receivables 457 908
Derivatives 29 16 458
Trade and other receivables 20 6 375 6 566
Cash and cash equivalents 21 7 074 10 472
Assets classified as held for sale 22 39 133
Total current assets 18 281 23 960
Total assets 232 103 246 126
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity
Issued capital 23 1 736 1 736
Share premium 17 620 17 620
Reserves 19 056 24 835
Retained earnings 26 074 28 394
Equity attributable to equity holders of AB InBev 64 486 72 585
Non-controlling interests 33 7 418 7 635
Total equity 71 904 80 220
Non-current liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 24 105 584 108 949
Employee benefits 25 2 681 2 993
Deferred tax liabilities 18 13 165 13 107
Income tax payables 576 732
Derivatives 29 766 937
Trade and other payables 28 1 816 1 462
Provisions 27 1 152 1 515
Total non-current liabilities 125 740 129 695
Current liabilities
Bank overdrafts 21 114 117
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 24 4 216 7 433
Income tax payables 1 220 1 558
Derivatives 29 5 574 1 457
Trade and other payables 28 22 568 24 762
Provisions 27 766 885
Total current liabilities 34 459 36 211
Total equity and liabilities 232 103 246 126
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
Attributable to equity holders of AB InBev
Share- Other
based comprehensive Deferred Non-
Issued Share Treasury payment income share Retained controlling Total
Million US dollar Capital premium shares Reserves reserves reserves1 instrument earnings Total interest equity
As per 1 January 2016 1 736 17 620 (1 626) — 1 264 (14 110) 1 304 35 949 42 137 3 582 45 719
Profit — — — — — — — 1 241 1 241 1 528 2 769
Other comprehensive income
Exchange differences on translation of
foreign operations (gains/(losses)) — — — — — (3 265) — — (3 265) 186 (3 079)
Foreign exchange contracts recognized in
equity in relation to the SAB combination — — — — — (7 099) — — (7 099) — (7 099)
Foreign exchange contracts reclassified from
equity in relation to the SAB combination — — — — — 8 837 — — 8 837 — 8 837
Cash flow hedges — — — — — 223 — — 223 (116) 107
Re-measurements of post-employment
benefits — — — — — (212) — — (212) (14) (226)
Total comprehensive income — — — — — (1 516) — 1 241 (275) 1 584 1 309
Issuance of restricted shares for SAB ordinary
shares 9 528 27 244 — — — — — — 36 772 — 36 772
Transfer to reserves1 (9 528) (27 244) (8 953) 45 726 — — — — — — —
Acquisitions through business combinations2 — — — — — — — — — 6 201 6 201
Dividends — — — — — — (92) (7 041) (7 133) (1 347) (8 480)
Treasury shares — — 174 — — — — (124) 50 — 50
Share-based payments — — — — 173 — — — 173 7 180
Scope and other changes3 — — 1 425 — — — — (1 812) (386) 59 (327)
As per 31 December 2016 1 736 17 620 (8 980) 45 726 1 437 (15 626) 1 212 28 214 71 339 10 086 81 425
Attributable to equity holders of AB InBev
Share- Other
based comprehensive Deferred Non-
Issued Share Treasury payment income share Retained controlling Total
Million US dollar Capital premium shares Reserves reserves reserves1 instrument earnings Total interest Equity
As per 1 January 2017 1 736 17 620 (8 980) 45 726 1 437 (15 626) 1 212 28 214 71 339 10 086 81 425
Profit of the period — — — — — — — 7 996 7 996 1 187 9 183
Other comprehensive income
Exchange differences on translation of
foreign operations (gains/(losses)) — — — — — 1 053 — — 1 053 121 1 174
Cash flow hedges — — — — — (158) — — (158) 61 (96)
Re-measurements of post-employment
benefits — — — — — (53) — — (53) 16 (37)
Total comprehensive income — — — — — 842 — 7 996 8 838 1 385 10 223
Dividends — — — — — — (93) (7 821) (7 914) (1 316) (9 230)
Treasury shares — — — — — — — — — — —
Share-based payments — — — — 316 — — — 316 18 333
Purchase/(sale) of non-controlling interests — — — — — — — — — (2 401) (2 401)
Scope and other changes — — — — — — — 5 5 (137) (132)
As per 31 December 2017 1 736 17 620 (8 980) 45 726 1 753 (14 784) 1 119 28 394 72 585 7 635 80 220
1 See Note 23 Changes in equity and earnings per share.
2 See Note 6 Acquisitions and disposals.
3 During 2016, the company reclassified the results of treasury shares of 1 452m US dollar to retained earnings.
F-7
Attributable to equity holders of AB InBev
Share- Other
based comprehensive Deferred Non-
Issued Share Treasury payment income share Retained controlling Total
Million US dollar Capital premium shares Reserves reserves reserves1 instrument earnings Total interest Equity
As per 1 January 2018 1 736 17 620 (8 980) 45 726 1 753 (14 784) 1 119 28 394 72 585 7 635 80 220
Impact of adopting IFRSs 9 and 151 — — — — — — — (4) (4) (42) (46)
As per 1 January 2018, as adjusted 1 736 17 620 (8 980) 45 726 1 753 (14 784) 1 119 28 390 72 581 7 593 80 174
Profit of the period — — — — — — — 4 368 4 368 1 323 5 691
Other comprehensive income
Exchange differences on
translation of foreign operations
(gains/(losses)) — — — — — (7 379) — — (7 379) (431) (7 810)
Cash flow hedges — — — — — (92) — — (92) 40 (52)
Re-measurements of post-
employment benefits — — — — — 98 — — 98 1 99
Total comprehensive income — — — — — (7 373) — 4 368 (3 005) 932 (2 073)
Dividends — — — — — — (56) (6 258) (6 314) (1 123) (7 437)
Treasury shares1 — — 2 431 — — — (1 063) (1 368) — — —
Share-based payments — — — — 284 — — — 284 6 290
Purchase/(sale) of non-controlling
interest — — — — — — — 429 429 (429) —
Hyperinflation monetary adjustments — — — — — — — 560 560 345 905
Scope and other changes — — — — — — — (48) (48) 94 46
As per 31 December 2018 1 736 17 620 (6 549) 45 726 2 037 (22 157) — 26 074 64 486 7 418 71 904
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
1 See Note 3 (E) Summary of changes in accounting policies.
F-8
Consolidated statement of cash flows
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-9
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
Note
Corporate information 1
Statement of compliance 2
Summary of significant accounting policies 3
Use of estimates and judgments 4
Segment reporting 5
Acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries 6
Other operating income/(expenses) 7
Exceptional items 8
Payroll and related benefits 9
Additional information on operating expenses by nature 10
Finance cost and income 11
Income taxes 12
Property, plant and equipment 13
Goodwill 14
Intangible assets 15
Investments in associates 16
Investment securities 17
Deferred tax assets and liabilities 18
Inventories 19
Trade and other receivables 20
Cash and cash equivalents 21
Assets classified as held for sale, liabilities associated with assets held for sale and discontinued operations 22
Changes in equity and earnings per share 23
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 24
Employee benefits 25
Share-based payments 26
Provisions 27
Trade and other payables 28
Risks arising from financial instruments 29
Operating leases 30
Collateral and contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment, loans to customers and other 31
Contingencies 32
Non-controlling interests 33
Related parties 34
Supplemental guarantor financial information 35
Events after the balance sheet date 36
AB InBev companies 37
F-10
1. Corporate information
Anheuser-Busch InBev is a publicly traded company (Euronext: ABI) based in Leuven, Belgium, with secondary listings on the Mexico (MEXBOL:
ANB) and South Africa (JSE: ANH) stock exchanges and with American Depositary Receipts on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: BUD). Our
Dream is to bring people together for a better world. Beer, the original social network, has been bringing people together for thousands of years. We are
committed to building great brands that stand the test of time and to brewing the best beers using the finest natural ingredients. Our diverse portfolio of
well over 500 beer brands includes global brands Budweiser®, Corona® and Stella Artois®; multi-country brands Beck’s®, Castle®, Castle Lite®,
Hoegaarden® and Leffe®; and local champions such as Aguila®, Antarctica®, Bud Light®, Brahma®, Cass®, Cristal®, Harbin®, Jupiler®, Michelob
Ultra®, Modelo Especial®, Quilmes®, Victoria®, Sedrin® and Skol®. Our brewing heritage dates back more than 600 years, spanning continents and
generations. From our European roots at the Den Hoorn brewery in Leuven, Belgium. To the pioneering spirit of the Anheuser & Co brewery in St.
Louis, US. To the creation of the Castle Brewery in South Africa during the Johannesburg gold rush. To Bohemia, the first brewery in Brazil.
Geographically diversified with a balanced exposure to developed and developing markets, we leverage the collective strengths of approximately 175
000 employees based in nearly 50 countries worldwide. For 2018, AB InBev’s reported revenue was 54.6 billion US dollar (excluding joint ventures and
associates).
The consolidated financial statements of the company for the year ended 31 December 2018 comprise the company and its subsidiaries (together
referred to as “AB InBev” or the “company”) and the company’s interest in associates, joint ventures and operations.
The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on 13 March 2019.
2. Statement of compliance
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International
Accounting Standards Board (‘IASB”) and in conformity with IFRS as adopted by the European Union up to 31 December 2018 (collectively “IFRS”).
AB InBev did not early apply any new IFRS requirements that were not yet effective in 2018 and did not apply any European carve-outs from IFRS.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which
the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and
future periods.
F-11
Associates are undertakings in which AB InBev has significant influence over the financial and operating policies, but which it does not control. This is
generally evidenced by ownership of between 20% and 50% of the voting rights. A joint venture is an arrangement in which AB InBev has joint control,
whereby AB InBev has rights to the net assets of the arrangement, rather than rights to its assets and obligations for its liabilities. Associates and joint
ventures are accounted for by the equity method of accounting, from the date that significant influence or joint control commences until the date that
significant influence or joint control ceases. When AB InBev’s share of losses exceeds the carrying amount of the associate or joint venture, the carrying
amount is reduced to nil and recognition of further losses is discontinued except to the extent that AB InBev has incurred legal or constructive
obligations on behalf of the associate or joint venture.
Joint operations arise when AB InBev has rights to the assets and obligations to the liabilities of a joint arrangement. AB InBev accounts for its share of
the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses as from the moment joint operation commences until the date that joint operation ceases.
The financial statements of the company’s subsidiaries, joint ventures, joint operations and associates are prepared for the same reporting year as the
parent company, using consistent accounting policies. In exceptional cases when the financial statements of a subsidiary, joint venture, joint operation or
associate are prepared as of a different date from that of AB InBev, adjustments are made for the effects of significant transactions or events that occur
between that date and the date of AB InBev’s financial statements. In such cases, the difference between the end of the reporting period of these
subsidiaries, joint ventures, joint operations or associates from AB InBev’s reporting period is no more than three months. Results from the company’s
associates Anadolu Efes and Castel are reported on a three-month lag. Therefore, estimates are made to reflect AB InBev’s share in the result of these
associates for the last quarter. Such estimates are revisited when required.
Transactions with non-controlling interests are treated as transactions with equity owners of the company. For purchases from non-controlling interests,
the difference between any consideration paid and the relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in equity.
Gains or losses on disposals to non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity where there is no loss of control.
All intercompany transactions, balances and unrealized gains and losses on transactions between group companies have been eliminated. Unrealized
gains arising from transactions with joint ventures, joint operations and associates are eliminated to the extent of AB InBev’s interest in the entity.
Unrealized losses are eliminated in the same way as unrealized gains, but only to the extent that there is no evidence of impairment.
A listing of the company’s most important subsidiaries, joint ventures, joint operations and associates is set out in Note 36 AB InBev companies.
The company has applied IFRS 9 Financial Instruments as of the effective date, without restatement of the comparative information for the period
beginning 1 January 2017. Consequently, the disclosures for the comparative periods follow the classification and measurement requirements under IAS
39. The company performed an impact assessment and concluded that IFRS 9 Financial Instruments does not impact materially its financial position,
financial performance or risk management activities.
Under IFRS 9 the carrying amount of a debt should be adjusted when a modification does not result in the derecognition of the financial instrument.
Consequently, the company adjusted the carrying amount of its debt against Retained earnings. This resulted in a decrease of the carrying amount of the
debt by 77m US dollar.
The company has applied IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers as of the effective date in accordance with the modified retrospective
application. Under this approach, the cumulative effect of initially applying IFRS 15 must be recognized as an adjustment to the opening balance of
equity at the date of initial application and comparative periods are not restated. On the implementation date, the adjustment to the opening balance of
equity resulted in a decrease of the retained earnings by 123m US dollar, to reflect the changes in accounting policies related to performance that, in
accordance with IFRS 15, should be related to the transaction price underlying 2017 revenue.
F-12
A number of other new standards, amendment to standards and new interpretations became mandatory for the first time for the financial year beginning
on 1 January 2018 and have not been listed in these consolidated financial statements as they either do not apply or are immaterial to AB InBev’s
consolidated financial statements.
Under IAS 29, the non-monetary assets and liabilities stated at historical cost, the equity and the income statement of subsidiaries operating in
hyperinflationary economies are restated for changes in the general purchasing power of the local currency applying a general price index. These re-
measured accounts are used for conversion into US dollar at the period closing exchange rate. As a result, the balance sheet and net results of
subsidiaries operating in hyperinflation economies are stated in terms of the measuring unit current at the end of the reporting period.
EXCHANGE RATES
The most important exchange rates that have been used in preparing the financial statements are:
Expenditure on development activities, whereby research findings are applied to a plan or design for the production of new or substantially improved
products and processes, is capitalized if the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable and the
company has sufficient resources to complete development. The expenditure capitalized includes the cost of materials, direct labor and an appropriate
proportion of overheads. Other development expenditure is recognized in the income statement as an expense as incurred. Capitalized development
expenditure is stated at cost less accumulated amortization (see below) and impairment losses (refer to accounting policy O).
Amortization related to research and development intangible assets is included within the cost of sales if production related and in sales and marketing if
related to commercial activities.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets.
F-13
SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION RIGHTS
A supply right is the right for AB InBev to supply a customer and the commitment by the customer to purchase from AB InBev. A distribution right is
the right to sell specified products in a certain territory. Acquired distribution rights are measured initially at cost or fair value when obtained through a
business combination. Amortization related to supply and distribution rights is included within sales and marketing expenses.
BRANDS
If part of the consideration paid in a business combination relates to trademarks, trade names, formulas, recipes or technological expertise these
intangible assets are considered as a group of complementary assets that is referred to as a brand for which one fair value is determined. Expenditure on
internally generated brands is expensed as incurred.
SOFTWARE
Purchased software is measured at cost less accumulated amortization. Expenditure on internally developed software is capitalized when the expenditure
qualifies as development activities; otherwise, it is recognized in the income statement when incurred. Amortization related to software is included in
cost of sales, distribution expenses, sales and marketing expenses or administrative expenses based on the activity the software supports.
SUBSEQUENT EXPENDITURE
Subsequent expenditure on capitalized intangible assets is capitalized only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset
to which it relates. All other expenditures are expensed as incurred.
AMORTIZATION
Intangible assets with a finite life are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. Licenses, brewing, supply and
distribution rights are amortized over the period in which the rights exist. Brands are considered to have an indefinite life unless plans exist to
discontinue the brand. Discontinuance of a brand can be either through sale or termination of marketing support. When AB InBev purchases distribution
rights for its own products the life of these rights is considered indefinite, unless the company has a plan to discontinue the related brand or distribution.
Software and capitalized development costs related to technology are amortized over 3 to 5 years.
Brands are deemed intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and, therefore, are not amortized but tested for impairment on an annual basis (refer to
accounting policy O).
The allocation of fair values to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed is based on various assumptions requiring management judgment.
If the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition date carrying value of AB InBev’s previously held interest in the acquiree is re-
measured to fair value at the acquisition date; any gains or losses arising from such re-measurement are recognized in profit or loss.
(I) GOODWILL
Goodwill is determined as the excess of the consideration paid over AB InBev’s interest in the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and
contingent liabilities of the acquired subsidiary, jointly controlled entity or associate recognized at the date of acquisition. All business combinations are
accounted for by applying the purchase method.
In conformity with IFRS 3 Business Combinations, goodwill is stated at cost and not amortized but tested for impairment on an annual basis and
whenever there is an indicator that the cash generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated, may be impaired (refer to accounting policy O).
Goodwill is expressed in the currency of the subsidiary or jointly controlled entity to which it relates and is translated to US dollar using the year-end
exchange rate. In respect of associates and joint ventures, the carrying amount of goodwill is included in the carrying amount of the investment in the
associate.
F-14
If AB InBev’s interest in the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities recognized exceeds the cost of the business
combination such excess is recognized immediately in the income statement as required by IFRS 3 Business Combinations. Expenditure on internally
generated goodwill is expensed as incurred.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets.
SUBSEQUENT EXPENDITURE
The company recognizes in the carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment the cost of replacing part of such an item when that cost is
incurred if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied with the item will flow to the company and the cost of the item can be measured
reliably. All other costs are expensed as incurred.
DEPRECIATION
The depreciable amount is the cost of an asset less its residual value. Residual values, if not insignificant, are reassessed annually. Depreciation is
calculated from the date the asset is available for use, using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.
The estimated useful lives are defined in terms of the asset’s expected utility to the company and can vary from one geographical area to another. On
average the estimated useful lives are as follows:
Where parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items of property, plant and
equipment.
Lease payments are apportioned between the outstanding liability and finance charges so as to achieve a constant periodic rate of interest on the
remaining balance of the liability.
Leases of assets under which all the risks and rewards of ownership are substantially retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments
made under operating leases are charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
F-15
When an operating lease is terminated before the lease period has expired, any payment required to be made to the lessor by way of penalty is
recognized as an expense in the period in which termination takes place.
(L) INVENTORIES
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories and bringing them to
their existing location and condition. The weighted average method is used in assigning the cost of inventories.
The cost of finished products and work in progress comprises raw materials, other production materials, direct labor, other direct cost and an allocation
of fixed and variable overhead based on normal operating capacity. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business,
less the estimated completion and selling costs.
Inventories are written down on a case-by-case basis if the anticipated net realizable value declines below the carrying amount of the inventories. The
calculation of the net realizable value takes into consideration specific characteristics of each inventory category, such as expiration date, remaining
shelf life, slow-moving indicators, amongst others.
Trade and other receivables are carried at amortized cost less impairment losses. To determine the appropriate amount to be impaired factors such as
significant financial difficulties of the debtor, probability that the debtor will default, enter into bankruptcy or financial reorganization, or delinquency in
payments are considered.
Other receivables are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost. Any impairment losses and foreign exchange
results are directly recognized in profit or loss.
(O) IMPAIRMENT
The carrying amounts of property, plant and equipment, goodwill and intangible assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date to determine whether
there is any indication of impairment. If there is an indicator of impairment, the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated. In addition, goodwill,
intangible assets that are not yet available for use and intangibles with an indefinite useful life are tested for impairment annually at the cash-generating
unit level (that is a country or group of countries managed as a group below a reporting region). An impairment loss is recognized whenever the
carrying amount of an asset or the related cash-generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognized in the income
statement.
Impairment losses recognized in respect of cash-generating units firstly reduce allocated goodwill and then the carrying amounts of the other assets in
the unit on a pro rata basis.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the
measurement date. When measuring fair value, AB InBev uses observable market data as far as possible. Fair values are categorized into different levels
in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:
F-16
• Level 1: inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
• Level 2: inputs are observable either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
• Level 3: fair value measurements incorporates significant inputs that are based on unobservable market data.
If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is
categorized in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.
The company applies fair value measurement to the instruments listed below.
DERIVATIVES
The fair value of exchange traded derivatives (e.g. exchange traded foreign currency futures) is determined by reference to the official prices published
by the respective exchanges (e.g. the New York Board of Trade). The fair value of over-the-counter derivatives is determined by commonly used
valuation techniques.
DEBT SECURITIES
This category includes both debt securities designated at FVOCI and FVPL. The fair value is measured using observable inputs such as interest rates
and foreign exchange rates. When it pertains to instruments that are publicly traded, the fair value is determined by reference to observable quotes. In
circumstances where debt securities are not publicly traded, the main valuation technique is the discounted cash flow. The company may apply other
valuation techniques or combination of valuation techniques if the fair value results are more relevant.
DIVIDENDS
Dividends paid are recognized in the consolidated financial statements on the date that the dividends are declared unless minimum statutory dividends
are required by local legislation or the bylaws of the company’s subsidiaries. In such instances, statutory minimum dividends are recognized as a
liability.
(R) PROVISIONS
Provisions are recognized when (i) the company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, (ii) it is probable that an outflow
of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and (iii) a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be
made. Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time
value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability.
RESTRUCTURING
A provision for restructuring is recognized when the company has approved a detailed and formal restructuring plan, and the restructuring has either
commenced or has been announced publicly. Costs relating to the ongoing activities of the company are not provided for. The provision includes the
benefit commitments in connection with early retirement and redundancy schemes.
ONEROUS CONTRACTS
A provision for onerous contracts is recognized when the expected benefits to be derived by the company from a contract are lower than the unavoidable
cost of meeting its obligations under the contract. Such provision is measured at the present value of the lower of the expected cost of terminating the
contract and the expected net cost of continuing with the contract.
F-17
(S) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
POST-EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS
Post-employment benefits include pensions, post-employment life insurance and post-employment medical benefits. The company operates a number of
defined benefit and defined contribution plans throughout the world, the assets of which are generally held in separate trustee-managed funds. The
pension plans are generally funded by payments from employees and the company, and, for defined benefit plans taking account of the
recommendations of independent actuaries. AB InBev maintains funded and unfunded pension plans.
F-18
b) Defined benefit plans
A defined benefit plan is a pension plan that is not a defined contribution plan. Typically, defined benefit plans define an amount of pension benefit that
an employee will receive on retirement, usually dependent on one or more factors such as age, years of service and compensation. For defined benefit
plans, the pension expenses are assessed separately for each plan using the projected unit credit method. The projected unit credit method considers each
period of service as giving rise to an additional unit of benefit entitlement. Under this method, the cost of providing pensions is charged to the income
statement so as to spread the regular cost over the service lives of employees in accordance with the advice of qualified actuaries who carry out a full
valuation of the plans at least every three years. The amounts charged to the income statement include current service cost, net interest cost (income),
past service costs and the effect of any curtailments or settlements. Past service costs are recognized at the earlier of when the amendment / curtailment
occurs or when the company recognizes related restructuring or termination costs. The pension obligations recognized in the balance sheet are measured
at the present value of the estimated future cash outflows using interest rates based on high quality corporate bond yields, which have terms to maturity
approximating the terms of the related liability, less the fair value of any plan assets. Re-measurements, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the
effect of the asset ceiling (excluding net interest) and the return on plan assets (excluding net interest) are recognized in full in the period in which they
occur in the statement of comprehensive income. Re-measurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.
Where the calculated amount of a defined benefit liability is negative (an asset), AB InBev recognizes such pension asset to the extent that economic
benefits are available to AB InBev either from refunds or reductions in future contributions.
TERMINATION BENEFITS
Termination benefits are recognized as an expense at the earlier when the company is demonstrably committed, without realistic possibility of
withdrawal, to a formal detailed plan to terminate employment before the normal retirement date and when the company recognizes costs for a
restructuring. Termination benefits for voluntary redundancies are recognized if the company has made an offer encouraging voluntary redundancy and
when the company can no longer withdraw the offer of termination, which is the earlier of either when the employee accepts the offer or when a legal,
regulatory or contractual requirement or restriction on the company’s ability to withdraw the offer takes effect.
BONUSES
Bonuses received by company employees and management are based on pre-defined company and individual target achievement. The estimated amount
of the bonus is recognized as an expense in the period the bonus is earned. To the extent that bonuses are settled in shares of the company, they are
accounted for as share-based payments.
Equity-settled share-based payment transactions with parties other than employees are measured at the fair value of the goods or services received,
except where that fair value cannot be estimated reliably, in which case they are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments granted, measured
at the date the company obtains the goods or the counterparty renders the service.
F-19
In accordance with IAS 12 Income Taxes deferred taxes are provided using the so-called balance sheet liability method. This means that, for all taxable
and deductible differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the balance sheet a deferred tax liability or asset
is recognized. Under this method a provision for deferred taxes is also made for differences between the fair values of assets and liabilities acquired in a
business combination and their tax base. IAS 12 prescribes that no deferred taxes are recognized (i) on initial recognition of goodwill, (ii) at the initial
recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit and (iii) on
differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that they will probably not reverse in the foreseeable future and to the extent that the
company is able to control the timing of the reversal. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realization or settlement
of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using currently or substantively enacted tax rates.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, and they relate to income
taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different taxable entities which intend either to settle current tax liabilities and
assets on a net basis, or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.
The company recognizes deferred tax assets, including assets arising from losses carried forward, to the extent that future probable taxable profit will be
available against which the deferred tax asset can be utilized. A deferred tax asset is reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax
benefit will be realized.
Tax claims are recorded within provisions on the balance sheet (refer to accounting policy R).
Revenue from the sale of goods is measured at the amount that reflects the best estimate of the consideration expected to receive in exchange for those
goods. Contracts can include significant variable elements, such as discounts, rebates, refunds, credits, price concessions, incentives, performance
bonuses and penalties. Such trade incentives are treated as variable consideration. If the consideration includes a variable amount, the company
estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods or services to the customer. Variable
consideration is only included in the transaction price if it is highly probable that the amount of revenue recognized would not be subject to significant
future reversals when the uncertainty is resolved.
ROYALTY INCOME
The company recognizes the sales-based or usage-based royalties in other operating income when the later of the following events occurs: (a) the
customer’s subsequent sales or usage; and (b) the performance obligation to which some or all of the sales-based or usage-based royalty has been
allocated has been satisfied (or partially satisfied).
RENTAL INCOME
Rental income is recognized in other operating income on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
GOVERNMENT GRANTS
A government grant is recognized in the balance sheet initially as deferred income when there is reasonable assurance that it will be received and that
the company will comply with the conditions attached to it. Grants that compensate the company for expenses incurred are recognized as other operating
income on a systematic basis in the same periods in which the expenses are incurred. Grants that compensate the company for the acquisition of an asset
are presented by deducting them from the acquisition cost of the related asset.
FINANCE INCOME
Finance income comprises interest received or receivable on funds invested, dividend income, foreign exchange gains, losses on currency hedging
instruments offsetting currency gains, gains on hedging instruments that are not part of a hedge accounting relationship, gains on financial assets
measured at FVPL as well as any gains from hedge ineffectiveness (refer to accounting policy Z).
Interest income is recognized as it accrues (taking into account the effective yield on the asset) unless collectability is in doubt.
DIVIDEND INCOME
Dividend income is recognized in the income statement on the date that the dividend is declared.
F-20
(Y) EXPENSES
FINANCE COSTS
Finance costs comprise interest payable on borrowings, calculated using the effective interest rate method, foreign exchange losses, gains on currency
hedging instruments offsetting currency losses, results on interest rate hedging instruments, losses on hedging instruments that are not part of a hedge
accounting relationship, losses on financial assets classified as trading, impairment losses on financial assets as well as any losses from hedge
ineffectiveness (refer to accounting policy Z).
All interest costs incurred in connection with borrowings or financial transactions are expensed as incurred as part of finance costs. Any difference
between the initial amount and the maturity amount of interest-bearing loans and borrowings, such as transaction costs and fair value adjustments, are
recognized in the income statement (in accretion expense) over the expected life of the instrument on an effective interest rate basis (refer to accounting
policy V). The interest expense component of finance lease payments is also recognized in the income statement using the effective interest rate method.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, ADVERTISING AND PROMOTIONAL COSTS AND SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT COSTS
Research, advertising and promotional costs are expensed in the year in which these costs are incurred. Development costs and systems development
costs are expensed in the year in which these costs are incurred if they do not meet the criteria for capitalization (refer to accounting policy G).
HEDGE ACCOUNTING
The company designates certain derivatives as hedging instruments to hedge the variability in cash flows associated with highly probable forecast
transactions arising from changes in foreign exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. To hedge changes in the fair value of recognized
assets, liabilities and firm commitments, the company designates certain derivatives as part of fair value hedge. The company also designates certain
derivatives and non-derivative financial liabilities as hedges of foreign exchange risk on a net investment in a foreign operation.
F-21
At the inception of the hedging relationships, the company documents the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge. Hedge
effectiveness is measured at the inception of the hedge relationship and through periodic prospective effectiveness assessments to ensure that an
economic relationship exists between hedged item and hedging instrument.
For the different type of hedges in place, the company generally enters into hedge relationships where the critical terms of the hedging instrument match
exactly the terms of the hedged item. Therefore, the hedge ratio is typically 1:1. The company performs a qualitative assessment of effectiveness. In
circumstances where the terms of the hedged item no longer exactly match the critical terms of the hedging instrument, the company uses a hypothetical
derivative method to assess effectiveness. Possible sources of ineffectiveness are changes in the timing of the forecasted transaction, changes in the
quantity of the hedged item or changes in the credit risk of either parties to the derivative contract.
When the hedged forecasted transaction or firm commitment subsequently results in the recognition of a non-financial item, the amount accumulated in
the hedging reserves is included directly in the initial carrying amount of the non-financial item when it is recognized.
For all other hedged transactions, the amount accumulated in the hedging reserves is reclassified to profit or loss in the same period during which the
hedged item affects profit or loss (e.g. when the variable interest expense is recognized).
When a hedging instrument or hedge relationship is terminated but the hedged transaction is still expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss (at that
point) remains in equity and is reclassified to profit or loss when the hedged transaction occurs. If the hedged transaction is no longer expected to occur,
the cumulative gain or loss recognized in other comprehensive income is reclassified to profit or loss immediately.
When a derivative financial instrument hedges a net investment in a foreign operation, the portion of the gain or the loss on the hedging instrument that
is determined to be effective is recognized directly in other comprehensive income (translation reserves) and is reclassified to profit or loss upon
disposal of the foreign operation, while the ineffective portion is reported in profit or loss.
OFFSETTING
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the statement of financial position when, and only when, the company
has a currently legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realize the asset and settle the
liability simultaneously.
AB InBev’s operating segment reporting format is geographical because the company’s risks and rates of return are affected predominantly by the fact
that AB InBev operates in different geographical areas. The company’s management structure and internal reporting system to the Board of Directors is
set up accordingly. The company’s six geographic regions are North America, Latin America West, Latin America North, Latin America South, EMEA
and Asia Pacific.
The aggregation criteria applied are based on similarities in the economic indicators (e.g. margins) that have been assessed in determining that the
aggregated operating segments share similar economic characteristics, as prescribed in IFRS 8. Furthermore, management assessed additional factors
such as management’s views on the optimal number of reporting segments, the historical AB InBev geographies, peer comparison (e.g. Asia Pacific and
EMEA being a commonly reported regions amongst the company’s peers), as well as management’s view on the optimal balance between practical and
more granular information.
The results of Global Export and Holding Companies, which includes the company’s global headquarters and the export businesses in countries in
which AB InBev has no operations are reported separately. The company’s six geographic regions plus the Global Export and Holding Companies
comprise the company’s seven reportable segments for financial reporting purposes.
F-22
Segment capital expenditure is the total cost incurred during the period to acquire property, plant and equipment, and intangible assets other than
goodwill.
AB InBev classifies a non-current asset (or disposal group) as held for sale if its carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction
rather than through continuing use if all of the conditions of IFRS 5 are met. A disposal group is defined as a group of assets to be disposed of, by sale
or otherwise, together as a group in a single transaction, and liabilities directly associated with those assets that will be transferred. Immediately before
classification as held for sale, the company measures the carrying amount of the asset (or all the assets and liabilities in the disposal group) in
accordance with applicable IFRS. Then, on initial classification as held for sale, non-current assets and disposal groups are recognized at the lower of
carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. Impairment losses on initial classification as held for sale are included in profit or loss. The same
applies to gains and losses on subsequent re-measurement. Non-current assets classified as held for sale are no longer depreciated or amortized.
The following standards, amendments and interpretations have been issued recently, but are not yet effective:
IFRS 16 Leases (effective from annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019) replaces the current lease accounting requirements and introduces
significant changes to lessee accounting as it removes the distinction between operating and finance leases under IAS 17 Leases and related
interpretations and requires a lessee to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at lease commencement date. IFRS 16 also requires to
recognize a depreciation charge related to the right-of-use assets and an interest expense on the lease liabilities, as compared to the recognition of
operating lease expense or rental cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term under prior requirements. In addition, the company will amend the
consolidated cash flow statement presentation, to segregate the payment of leases into a principal portion presented within financing activities and an
interest component presented within operating activities.
For short-term leases and leases of low value assets, the company will continue to recognize a lease expense on a straight-line basis as permitted by
IFRS 16. The company as a lessor will continue to classify leases as either finance leases or operating leases and account for those two types of leases
differently.
The company has chosen the full retrospective application of IFRS 16 and, consequently, will restate the comparative information in the 2019 financial
statements. In addition, the company will apply the practical expedient available on transition to IFRS 16 to not reassess whether a contract is or
contains a lease. Accordingly, the definition of a lease under IAS 17 and related interpretations will continue to apply to the leases entered or modified
before 1 January 2019.
The company has assessed the impact that the initial application of IFRS 16 will have on its consolidated financial statements for leases previously
classified as operating leases. On transition to IFRS 16, the company will recognize 1 692m US dollar of right-of-use assets and 1 782m US dollar of
lease liabilities, recognizing the difference in retained earnings. When measuring lease liabilities, the company discounted lease payments using
incremental borrowing rates. The weighted average rate applied is 6%.
Upon transition to IFRS 16, lease liabilities are measured at the present value of future lease payments (equal to the operating lease commitments as
presented in Note 30 Operating leases) discounted using the incremental borrowing rates at the date of initial application. The company did not make
any material changes to these lease liabilities.
F-23
4. Use of estimates and judgments
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the
application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on
historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making
the judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these
estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which
the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and
future periods.
Although each of its significant accounting policies reflects judgments, assessments or estimates, AB InBev believes that the following accounting
policies reflect the most critical judgments, estimates and assumptions that are important to its business operations and the understanding of its results:
business combinations, intangible assets, goodwill, impairment, provisions, share-based payments, employee benefits and accounting for current and
deferred tax.
The fair values of acquired identifiable intangibles are based on an assessment of future cash flows. Impairment analyses of goodwill and indefinite-
lived intangible assets are performed annually and whenever a triggering event has occurred, in order to determine whether the carrying value exceeds
the recoverable amount. These calculations are based on estimates of future cash flows.
The company uses its judgment to select a variety of methods including the discounted cash flow method and option valuation models and makes
assumptions about the fair value of financial instruments that are mainly based on market conditions existing at each balance sheet date.
Actuarial assumptions are established to anticipate future events and are used in calculating pension and other long-term employee benefit expense and
liability. These factors include assumptions with respect to interest rates, rates of increase in health care costs, rates of future compensation increases,
turnover rates, and life expectancy.
The company is subject to income tax in numerous jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining the worldwide provision for income
tax. There are some transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Some subsidiaries within the group are involved
in tax audits and local enquiries usually in relation to prior years. Investigations and negotiations with local tax authorities are ongoing in various
jurisdictions at the balance sheet date and, by their nature, these can take considerable time to conclude. In assessing the amount of any income tax
provisions to be recognized in the financial statements, estimation is made of the expected successful settlement of these matters. Estimates of interest
and penalties on tax liabilities are also recorded. Where the final outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recorded,
such differences will impact the current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities in the period such determination is made.
Judgments made by management in the application of IFRS that have a significant effect on the financial statements and estimates with a significant risk
of material adjustment in the next year are further discussed in the relevant notes hereafter.
In preparing these consolidated financial statements, the significant judgments made by management in applying the company’s accounting policies and
the key sources of estimating uncertainty mainly related to the reporting of the 50:50 merger of AB InBev’s and Anadolu Efes’ existing Russia and
Ukraine businesses into AB InBev Efes that closed on 30 March 2018 – see Note 6 Acquisitions and disposals of Subsidiaries and Note 16 Investments
in associates, and to the adoption of hyperinflation accounting for the company’s Argentinean operations.
In May 2018, the Argentinean peso underwent a severe devaluation resulting in the three-year cumulative inflation of Argentina to exceed 100% in
2018, thereby triggering the requirement to transition to hyperinflation accounting as prescribed by IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary
Economies as of 1 January 2018. The main principle in IAS 29 is that the financial statements of an entity that reports in the currency of a
hyperinflationary economy must be stated in terms of the measuring unit current at the end of the reporting period. Therefore, the non-monetary assets
and liabilities stated at historical cost, the equity and the income statement of subsidiaries operating in hyperinflationary economies are restated for
changes in the general purchasing power of the local currency applying a general price index. Monetary items that are already stated at the measuring
unit at the end of the reporting period are not restated. These re-measured accounts are used for conversion into US dollar at the period closing exchange
rate.
Consequently, the company has applied hyperinflation accounting for its Argentinean subsidiaries for the first time in these consolidated financial
statements applying the IAS 29 rules as follows:
• Hyperinflation accounting was applied as of 1 January 2018;
• Non-monetary assets and liabilities stated at historical cost (e.g. property plant and equipment, intangible assets, goodwill, etc.) and equity
of Argentina were restated using an inflation index. The hyperinflation impacts resulting from changes in the general purchasing power until
31 December 2017 were reported in retained earnings and the impacts of changes in the general purchasing power from 1 January 2018 are
reported through the income statement on a dedicated account for hyperinflation monetary adjustments in the finance line (see also Note 11
Finance cost and income);
• The income statement is adjusted at the end of each reporting period using the change in the general price index and is converted at the
closing exchange rate of each period (rather than the year to date average rate for non-hyperinflationary economies), thereby restating the
year to date income statement account both for inflation index and currency conversion;
• The prior year income statement and balance sheet of the Argentinean subsidiaries were not restated.
F-24
In 2017, the Argentinean operations represented 3.6% of the company’s consolidated revenue. The Argentinean full year 2017 results were translated at
an average rate of 16.580667 Argentinean pesos per US dollar. The 2018 results, restated for purchasing power, were translated at the December closing
rate of 37.807879 Argentinean pesos per US dollar.
In accordance with IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, when amounts are translated into the currency of non-hyperinflationary
economy, the comparative amounts are not adjusted for subsequent changes in the price level or exchange rates. Therefore, the comparative amounts of
Argentinean operations in these consolidated financial statements were not restated.
During 2018, the company finalized the re-measurement of current and deferred taxes resulting from the US Tax reform enacted on 22 December 2017,
based on published regulation and guidance. Such remeasurement did not result in material changes to the reported current and deferred taxes. See Note
12 Income taxes for more details.
F-25
5. Segment reporting
Segment information is presented by geographical segments, consistent with the information that is available and evaluated regularly by the chief
operating decision maker. AB InBev operates its business through seven business segments. Regional and operating company management is
responsible for managing performance, underlying risks, and effectiveness of operations. Internally, AB InBev’s management uses performance
indicators such as normalized profit from operations (normalized EBIT) and normalized EBITDA as measures of segment performance and to make
decisions regarding allocation of resources.
The company’s six geographic regions: North America, Latin America West, Latin America North, Latin America South, EMEA and Asia Pacific, plus
its Global Export and Holding Companies comprise the company’s seven reportable segments for financial reporting purposes.
The results of the former SAB Central and Eastern European Business were reported as “Results from discontinued operations” until the completion of
the disposal that took place on 31 March 2017. The results of Distell were reported as share of results of associates until the completion of the sale that
occurred on 12 April 2017, and accordingly, are excluded from normalized EBIT and EBITDA. Furthermore, the company stopped consolidating
CCBA in its consolidated financial statements as from the completion of the transition of CCBA on 4 October 2017 and, following the completion of the
50:50 merger of AB InBev’s and Anadolu Efes’ existing Russia and Ukraine businesses on 30 March 2018, AB InBev stopped consolidating its Russia
and Ukraine businesses and accounts for its investment in AB InBev Efes as results of associates as of that date.
All figures in the tables below are stated in million US dollar, except volume (million hls) and Normalized EBITDA margin (in %).
Latin America Latin America Latin America
North America West North South EMEA
2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016
Volume 111 114 117 115 111 64 115 119 118 34 34 32 87 132 75
Revenue 15 504 15 588 15 698 9 999 9 238 5 188 8 990 9 775 8 461 2 863 3 363 2 850 8 374 10 344 6 010
Normalized
EBITDA 6 150 6 329 6 250 5 196 4 512 2 376 3 926 4 180 3 751 1 381 1 595 1 431 3 000 3 349 1 774
Normalized
EBITDA
margin % 39.7% 40.6% 39.8% 52.0% 48.8% 45.8% 43.7% 42.8% 44.3% 48.2% 47.4% 50.2% 35.8% 32.4% 29.6%
Depreciation,
amortization
and
impairment (790) (843) (809) (653) (616) (388) (761) (848) (750) (265) (207) (191) (770) (843) (473)
Normalized
profit from
operations
(EBIT) 5 360 5 486 5 441 4 544 3 896 1 988 3 165 3 332 3 001 1 116 1 388 1 240 2 230 2 507 1 302
Exceptional
items (see
Note 8) (10) 4 (29) (125) (153) 252 5 (18) (20) (31) (13) (12) (370) (144) (118)
Profit from
operations
(EBIT) 5 350 5 490 5 412 4 419 3 743 2 240 3 170 3 314 2 981 1 085 1 375 1 228 1 860 2 363 1 184
Net finance
income/
(cost)
Share of
results of
associates
and joint
ventures
Income tax
expense
Profit from
continuing
operations
Discontinued
operations
Profit/(loss)
Segment
assets (non-
current) 63 180 63 045 62 467 69 100 71 219 69 472 12 422 13 756 13 656 3 074 2 396 2 357 42 063 45 920 41 749
Gross capex 858 530 895 1 227 1 079 710 636 580 709 279 323 389 1 177 1 086 1 001
FTE 19 150 19 306 19 314 47 042 48 892 51 418 37 387 38 651 40 416 9 214 9 603 9 571 23 604 26 823 43 456
F-26
Global Export and holding
Asia Pacific companies Consolidated
2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016 2018 2017 2016
Volume 104 102 92 — 1 2 567 613 500
Revenue 8 470 7 804 6 074 419 332 1 237 54 619 56 444 45 517
Normalized EBITDA 3 082 2 695 1 639 (656) (577) (474) 22 080 22 084 16 753
Normalized EBITDA margin % 36.4% 34.5% 27.1% 40.4% 39.1% 36.8%
Depreciation, amortization and impairment (752) (660) (658) (267) (253) (210) (4 260) (4 270) (3 477)
Normalized profit from operations (EBIT) 2 330 2 035 987 (923) (830) (683) 17 821 17 814 13 276
Exceptional items (see Note 8) (65) (97) (84) (119) (241) (383) (715) (662) (394)
Profit from operations (EBIT) 2 265 1 939 903 (1 042) (1 071) (1 066) 17 106 17 152 12 882
Net finance income/(cost) (8 729) (6 507) (8 564)
Share of results of associates and joint ventures 153 430 16
Income tax expense (2 839) (1 920) (1 613)
Profit from continuing operations 5 691 9 155 2 721
Discontinued operations — 28 48
Profit/(loss) 5 691 9 183 2 769
Segment assets (non-current) 22 412 24 088 22 071 1 609 1 741 1 797 213 861 222 166 213 569
Gross capex 687 635 837 233 247 379 5 086 4 479 4 919
FTE 31 523 36 386 39 213 4 683 3 254 3 245 172 603 182 915 206 633
For the period ended 31 December 2018, net revenue from the beer business amounted to 50 134m US dollar (31 December 2017: 50 301m US dollar;
31 December 2016: 41 421m US dollar) while the net revenue from the non-beer business (soft drinks and other business) accounted for 4 485m US
dollar (31 December 2017: 6 143m US dollar; 31 December 2016: 4 096m US dollar).
On the same basis, net revenue from external customers attributable to AB InBev’s country of domicile (Belgium) represented 710m US dollar (2017:
704m US dollar; 2016: 687m US dollar) and non-current assets located in the country of domicile represented 1 746m US dollar (2017: 1 658m US
dollar, 2016: 1 440m US dollar).
F-27
6. Acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries
The table below summarizes the impact of acquisitions and disposals on the statement of financial position and cash flows of AB InBev for
31 December 2018 and 31 December 2017:
On 30 March 2018, AB InBev completed the 50:50 merger of AB InBev’s and Anadolu Efes’ existing Russia and Ukraine businesses. Following the
closing of the transaction, the operations of AB InBev and Anadolu Efes in Russia and Ukraine are combined under AB InBev Efes. The combined
business is fully consolidated in the Anadolu Efes financial accounts. As a result of the transaction, AB InBev stopped consolidating its Russia and
Ukraine businesses and accounts for its investment in AB InBev Efes under the equity method as of that date. See also Note 16 Investments in
associates.
The transaction described above involved the contribution by AB InBev of its existing Russia and Ukraine businesses to AB InBev Efes in exchange for
a 50% ownership in AB InBev Efes. In line with IFRS, the contribution by AB InBev of its existing Russia and Ukraine businesses to AB InBev Efes,
with AB InBev losing control, is accounted for as a deemed disposal and the 50% non-controlling interest AB InBev received in AB InBev Efes in
exchange for such contribution is accounted for as a deemed acquisition of an investment in associate, with both acquisition and disposal measured at
their fair value estimated at 1.15 billion US dollar representing the estimated value of the 50 % investment AB InBev will hold in AB InBev Efes after
adjustment for net debt.
When a parent loses control of a subsidiary, IFRS 10 requires all assets and liabilities of the former subsidiary to be derecognized and any gain or loss
associated with the deemed disposal interest to be recognized in the consolidated income statement. IFRS also requires that any amounts previously
recognized in the consolidated statement of other comprehensive income, including historical translation adjustments, be recycled to the consolidated
income statement, at the date when control is lost.
AB InBev has derecognized 573m US dollar net assets related to its former Russia and Ukraine businesses and has recycled 584m US dollar from other
comprehensive income to the consolidated income statement, resulting in a net exceptional, non-cash loss of 7m US dollar (see also Note 8 Exceptional
items).
In the first quarter of 2017, AB InBev and Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. established a joint venture for conducting research and development of an in-
home alcohol drink system, focusing on the US and Canadian markets. The transaction included the contribution of intellectual property and
manufacturing assets from Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. Pursuant to the terms of the joint venture agreement, AB InBev owns 70% of the voting and
economic interest in the joint venture. Under IFRS, this transaction was accounted for as a business combination as AB InBev was deemed as the
accounting acquirer as per IFRS rules.
F-28
The company undertook a series of additional acquisitions and disposals during 2017 and 2018, with no significant impact in the company’s
consolidated financial statements.
The government grants relate primarily to fiscal incentives given by certain Brazilian states and Chinese provinces, based on the company’s operations
and developments in those regions.
In 2018, the company expensed 285m US dollar in research, compared to 276m US dollar in 2017 and 244m US dollar in 2016. The spend focused on
product innovations, market research, as well as process optimization and product development.
8. Exceptional items
IAS 1 Presentation of financial statements requires material items of income and expense to be disclosed separately. Exceptional items are items, which
in management’s judgment need to be disclosed by virtue of their size or incidence in order for the user to obtain a proper understanding of the financial
information. The company considers these items to be of significance in nature, and accordingly, management has excluded these from their segment
measure of performance as noted in Note 5 Segment Reporting.
The exceptional restructuring charges for 2018 total (385)m US dollar (2017: (468)m US dollar; 2016: (323)m US dollar). These charges primarily
relate to the SAB integration. These changes aim to eliminate overlap or duplicated processes, taking into account the right match of employee profiles
with the new organizational requirements. These one-time expenses, as a result of the series of decisions, provide the company with a lower cost base in
addition to a stronger focus on AB InBev’s core activities, quicker decision-making and improvements to efficiency, service and quality.
Acquisition costs of business combinations amount to (74)m US dollar in 2018, primarily related to cost incurred to facilitate the combination with SAB
and cost incurred to recover the Budweiser distribution rights in Argentina from Compañia Cervecerías Unidas S.A. (“CCU”) – see Note 15 Intangible
assets. Acquisition costs of business combinations amounted to (155)m US dollar in 2017 and (448)m US dollar in 2016, primarily related to cost
incurred to facilitate the combination with SAB.
Business and asset disposals amount to (26)m US dollar in 2018 and mainly result from the IFRS treatment of the 50:50 merger of AB InBev’s and
Anadolu Efes’ Russia and Ukraine businesses and related transaction cost (see also Note 6 Acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries). Business and
asset disposals amounted to (39)m US dollar in 2017, mainly related to the costs incurred related to the divestitures completed during 2017, partly offset
by proceeds from prior years’ sale. Business and asset disposals resulted in a net gain of 377m US dollar in 2016, mainly attributable to the proceeds
from the sale of the company’s brewery plant located in Obregón, Sonora, México to Constellation Brands, Inc.
In 2016, the European Commission announced an investigation into alleged abuse of a dominant position by AB InBev in Belgium through certain
practices aimed at restricting trade from other European Union member states to Belgium. In connection with these ongoing proceedings, AB InBev
recognized a provision of 230m US dollar in 2018.
The company incurred exceptional net finance cost of (1 982)m US dollar for 2018 (2017: (693)m US dollar cost; 2016: (3 356)m US dollar cost) – see
Note 11 Finance cost and income.
All the above amounts are before income taxes. The exceptional items as of 31 December 2018 decreased income taxes by 240m US dollar, decreased
income taxes by 830m US dollar in 2017 and decreased income taxes by 77m US dollar in 2016. The 2017 decrease of income taxes, mainly related to a
1.8 billion US dollar adjustment following the US tax reform enacted on 22 December 2017 partially offset by provisions accrued for tax contingencies
covered by the Brazilian Federal Tax Regularization Program entered into by Ambev – see Note 12 Income taxes and Note 18 Deferred tax assets and
liabilities.
Non-controlling interest on the exceptional items amounts to 32m US dollar in 2018 (2017: 526m US dollar; 2016: 13m US dollar).
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9. Payroll and related benefits
The 2018 reduction in FTE mainly results from the combination of the AB InBev Russia and Ukraine businesses under AB InBev Efes. As a result of
the transaction, AB InBev stopped consolidating its Russia and Ukraine businesses and accounts for its investment in AB InBev Efes under the equity
method as of that date. See also Note 6 Acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries.
The 2017 increase in payroll and related benefits is mainly due to the full year reporting of the retained operations following the combination with SAB,
whereas the reduction in FTEs mainly results from the disposals completed during the year.
Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges are included in the following line items of the 2017 consolidated income statement:
Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges are included in the following line items of the 2016 consolidated income statement:
The 2017 increase in depreciation, amortization and impairment charges is mainly due to the business combination with SAB.
Finance costs, excluding exceptional items, increased by 994m US dollar compared to 2017 mainly as a result of Mark-to-market losses on certain
derivatives related to the hedging of share-based payment programs amounting to 1 774m US dollar in 2018 (2017: 291m US dollar loss; 2016: 384 US
dollar loss).
Borrowing costs capitalized relate to the capitalization of interest expenses directly attributable to the acquisition and construction of qualifying assets
mainly in China and Nigeria. Interest is capitalized at a borrowing rate ranging from 4% to 8%.
Interest expense is presented net of the effect of interest rate derivative instruments hedging AB InBev’s interest rate risk – see also Note 29 Risks
arising from financial instruments.
F-31
Finance income included in the income statement is as follows:
The interest income on other loans and receivables includes the interest accrued on cash deposits given as guarantees for certain legal proceedings
pending resolution.
For further information on instruments hedging AB InBev’s foreign exchange risk see Note 29 Risks arising from financial instruments.
The reconciliation of the effective tax rate with the aggregated weighted nominal tax rate can be summarized as follows:
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The total income tax expense for 2018 amounts to 2 839m US dollar compared to 1 920m US dollar for 2017. The effective tax rate increased from
18.0% for 2017 to 33.9% for 2018.
The 2018 effective tax rate was negatively impacted by losses from certain derivatives related to hedging of share-based payment programs and the
hedging of the shares issued in a transaction related to the combination with Grupo Modelo and SAB as well as changes in tax legislation in some
countries resulting in additional non-deductible expenses in 2018.
The 2017 effective tax rate was positively impacted by a 1.8 billion US dollar adjustment following the US tax reform enacted on 22 December 2017.
This 1.8 billion US dollar adjustment resulted mainly from the re-measurement of the deferred tax liabilities set up in 2008 in line with IFRS as part of
the purchase price accounting of the combination with Anheuser Busch and certain deferred tax assets following the change in federal tax rate from 35%
to 21%. The adjustment represented the company’s best estimate of the deferred tax liability re-measurement resulting from the US Tax reform at the
time, and was recognized as a exceptional gain per 31 December 2017. This impact was partially offset by Ambev and certain of its subsidiaries joining
the Brazilian Federal Tax Regularization Program – PERT in September 2017 whereby Ambev committed to pay some tax contingencies that were
under dispute, totaling 3.5 billion Brazilian real (1.1 billion US dollar), with 1.0 billion Brazilian real (0.3 billion US dollar) paid in 2017 and the
remaining amount payable in 145 monthly installments starting January 2018, plus interest. Within these contingencies, a dispute related to presumed
taxation at Ambev’s subsidiary CRBs was not provided for until September 2017 as the loss was previously assessed as possible. The total amount
recognized in 2017 as exceptional amounted to 2.9 billion Brazilian real (0.9 billion US dollar) of which 2.8 billion Brazilian real (0.9 billion US dollar)
were reported in the income tax line and 141 million Brazilian real (44m US dollar) in the finance line.
During 2018, the company finalized the re-measurement of current and deferred taxes resulting from the US Tax reform enacted on 22 December 2017,
based on published regulation and guidance. Such remeasurement resulted in an adjustment of 116m US dollar in 2018 to the reported current and
deferred taxes.
The 2016 effective tax rate was negatively impacted by the non-deductible negative mark-to-market adjustment related to the hedging of the purchase
price of the combination with SAB that could not qualify for hedge accounting.
The company benefits from tax exempted income and tax credits which are expected to continue in the future. The company does not have significant
benefits coming from low tax rates in any particular jurisdiction.
31 December
31 December 2018 2017
Plant and
equipment,
Land and fixtures and Under
Million US dollar buildings fittings construction Total Total
Acquisition cost
Balance at end of previous year 12 742 33 717 2 265 48 724 44 352
Effect of movements in foreign exchange (722) (2 225) (150) (3 097) 1 431
Acquisitions 119 1 320 2 926 4 365 4 221
Acquisitions through business combinations — 2 — 2 169
Disposals (143) (1 333) (3) (1 479) (1 566)
Disposals through the sale of subsidiaries (265) (834) (29) (1 128) (60)
Transfer (to)/from other asset categories and other movements1 724 3 028 (2 735) 1 017 177
Balance at end of the period 12 455 33 675 2 274 48 404 48 724
Depreciation and impairment losses
Balance at end of previous year (3 514) (18 026) — (21 540) (18 133)
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 177 1 219 — 1 396 (697)
Depreciation (513) (3 069) — (3 582) (3 567)
Disposals 59 1 204 — 1 263 1 161
Disposals through the sale of subsidiaries 177 641 — 818 48
Impairment losses (10) (85) — (95) (85)
Transfer to/(from) other asset categories and other movements1 64 (818) — (754) (267)
Balance at end of the period (3 560) (18 934) — (22 494) (21 540)
Carrying amount
at 31 December 2017 9 228 15 691 2 265 27 184 27 184
at 31 December 2018 8 895 14 741 2 274 25 910 —
1 The transfer (to)/from other asset categories and other movements mainly relates to transfers from assets under construction to their respective
asset categories, to contributions of assets to pension plans, to the separate presentation in the balance sheet of property, plant and equipment held
for sale in accordance with IFRS 5 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations and to the restatement of non-monetary assets
under hyperinflation accounting in line with IAS 29 Financial reporting in hyperinflationary economies.
F-33
As at 31 December 2018, the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment subject to restrictions on title amounts to 8m US dollar (31 December
2017: 14m US dollar).
Contractual commitments to purchase property, plant and equipment amounted to 416m US dollar as at 31 December 2018 compared to 550m US dollar
as at 31 December 2017.
AB InBev’s net capital expenditures in the statement of cash flow amounted to 4 649m US dollar in 2018 and 4 124m US dollar in 2017. Out of the total
2018 capital expenditures approximately 48% was used to improve the company’s production facilities while 42% was used for logistics and
commercial investments and 10% was used for improving administrative capabilities and purchase of hardware and software.
LEASED ASSETS
The company leases land and buildings as well as equipment under a number of finance lease agreements. The carrying amount as at 31 December 2018
of assets leased under finance leases was 272m US dollar (31 December 2017: 300m US dollar).
14. Goodwill
On 30 March 2018, AB InBev completed the 50:50 merger of AB InBev’s and Anadolu Efes’ existing Russia and Ukraine businesses. Following this
merger, the company derecognized its Russian and Ukrainian net assets including goodwill (see also Note 6 Acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries).
The carrying amount of goodwill was allocated to the different cash-generating units as follows:
Million US dollar
Cash-generating unit 2018 2017
United States 33 288 33 277
Colombia 18 802 20 425
South Africa 15 896 18 551
Peru 14 513 15 074
Mexico 12 614 12 580
Rest of Africa 7 716 8 326
Australia 6 348 6 922
Brazil 4 715 5 523
South Korea 3 949 4 119
Ecuador 3 925 3 925
China 2 758 2 914
Honduras & El Salvador 2 284 2 335
Canada 1 891 2 056
Other countries 4 613 4 913
Total carrying amount of goodwill 133 311 140 940
AB InBev completed its annual impairment test for goodwill and concluded that, based on the assumptions described below, no impairment charge was
warranted.
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The company cannot predict whether an event that triggers impairment will occur, when it will occur or how it will affect the value of the asset reported.
AB InBev believes that all of its estimates are reasonable: they are consistent with the company’s internal reporting and reflect management’s best
estimates. However, inherent uncertainties exist that management may not be able to control. During its valuation, the company ran sensitivity analysis
for key assumptions including the weighted average cost of capital and the terminal growth rate, in particular for the valuations of the US, Colombia,
South Africa, Peru and Mexico, countries that show the highest goodwill. While a change in the estimates used could have a material impact on the
calculation of the fair values and trigger an impairment charge, the company, based on the sensitivity analysis performed is not aware of any reasonably
possible change in a key assumption used that would cause a cash-generating unit’s carrying amount to exceed its recoverable amount.
Goodwill impairment testing relies on a number of critical judgments, estimates and assumptions. Goodwill, which accounted for approximately 57% of
AB InBev’s total assets as at 31 December 2018, is tested for impairment at the cash-generating unit level (that is one level below the operating
segments). The cash-generating unit level is the lowest level at which goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes. Except in cases where
the initial allocation of goodwill has not been concluded by the end of the initial reporting period following the business combination, goodwill is
allocated as from the acquisition date to each of AB InBev’s cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination
whenever a business combination occurs.
AB InBev’s impairment testing methodology is in accordance with IAS 36, in which fair-value-less-cost-to-sell and value in use approaches are taken
into consideration. This consists in applying a discounted free cash flow approach based on acquisition valuation models for its major cash-generating
units and the cash-generating units showing a high invested capital to EBITDA multiple, and valuation multiples for its other cash-generating units.
The key judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the discounted free cash flow calculations are generally as follows:
• In the first three years of the model, free cash flows are based on AB InBev’s strategic plan as approved by key management. AB InBev’s
strategic plan is prepared per cash-generating unit and is based on external sources in respect of macro-economic assumptions, industry,
inflation and foreign exchange rates, past experience and identified initiatives in terms of market share, revenue, variable and fixed cost,
capital expenditure and working capital assumptions;
• For the subsequent seven years of the model, data from the strategic plan is extrapolated generally using simplified assumptions such as
macro-economic and industry assumptions, variable cost per hectoliter and fixed cost linked to inflation, as obtained from external sources;
• Cash flows after the first ten-year period are extrapolated generally using expected annual long-term GDP growth rates, based on external
sources, in order to calculate the terminal value, considering sensitivities on this metric;
• Projections are discounted at the unit’s weighted average cost of capital (WACC), considering sensitivities on this metric;
• Cost to sell is assumed to reach 2% of the entity value based on historical precedents.
For the main cash generating units, the terminal growth rate applied generally ranged between 1% and 4%.
In the sensitivity analysis performed by management, an adverse change of 1% in WACC would not cause a cash-generating unit’s carrying amount to
exceed its recoverable amount.
The above calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples, quoted share prices for publicly-traded subsidiaries or other available fair value
indicators (i.e. recent market transactions from peers).
Although AB InBev believes that its judgments, assumptions and estimates are appropriate, actual results may differ from these estimates under
different assumptions or market or macro-economic conditions.
F-35
15. Intangible assets
31 December
31 December 2018 2017
Commercial
Million US dollar Brands intangibles Software Other Total Total
Acquisition cost
Balance at end of previous year 43 402 2 904 2 177 388 48 871 47 191
Effect of movements in foreign exchange (1 482) (105) (137) (41) (1 765) 1 286
Acquisitions through business combinations — 22 — 2 24 417
Acquisitions and expenditures 2 367 73 226 668 312
Disposals (25) (55) — (16) (96) (191)
Disposals through the sale of subsidiaries (14) — (29) (4) (47) —
Transfer (to)/from other asset categories and other movements1 250 (184) 608 136 810 (144)
Balance at end of period 42 133 2 949 2 692 691 48 465 48 871
Amortization and impairment losses
Balance at end of previous year (32) (1 379) (1 472) (114) (2 997) (2 401)
Effect of movements in foreign exchange — 73 84 7 164 (139)
Amortization — (163) (251) (31) (445) (498)
Disposals — 45 (39) 8 14 89
Disposals through the sale of subsidiaries — — 28 2 30 —
Transfer to/(from) other asset categories and other movements1 — (55) (352) 7 (400) (48)
Balance at end of period (32) (1 479) (2 002) (121) (3 634) (2 997)
Carrying value
at 31 December 2017 43 370 1 525 705 274 45 874 45 874
at 31 December 2018 42 101 1 470 690 570 44 831 —
On 2 May 2018, AB InBev recovered the Budweiser distribution rights in Argentina from CCU. The transaction involved the transfer of the Isenbeck,
Iguana, Diosa, Norte and Baltica brands, along with a cash payment of 306m US dollar and other commitments, to CCU Argentina. The Budweiser
distribution rights have been assigned an indefinite useful life.
AB InBev is the owner of some of the world’s most valuable brands in the beer industry. As a result, brands and certain distribution rights are expected
to generate positive cash flows for as long as the company owns the brands and distribution rights. Given AB InBev’s more than 600-year history,
brands and certain distribution rights have been assigned indefinite lives.
Acquisitions and expenditures of commercial intangibles mainly represent supply and distribution rights, exclusive multi-year sponsorship rights and
other commercial intangibles.
Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are comprised primarily of brands and certain distribution rights that AB InBev purchases for its own
products, and are tested for impairment during the fourth quarter of the year or whenever a triggering event has occurred.
As of 31 December 2018, the carrying amount of the intangible assets amounted to 44 831m US dollar (31 December 2017: 45 874m US dollar) of
which 42 435m US dollar was assigned an indefinite useful life (31 December 2017: 43 595m US dollar) and 2 396m US dollar a finite life (31
December 2017: 2 279m US dollar).
The carrying amount of intangible assets with indefinite useful lives was allocated to the different countries as follows:
Million US dollar
Country 2018 2017
United States 22 037 21 960
Colombia 3 516 3 820
South Africa 3 325 3 899
Mexico 3 068 3 058
Peru 2 720 2 825
Australia 2 422 2 773
South Korea 1 013 1 058
Ecuador 595 595
China 381 403
Dominican Republic 339 353
Rest of Africa 1 274 1 353
Other countries 1 745 1 498
Total carrying amount of intangible assets with indefinite useful lives 42 435 43 595
1 The transfer (to)/from other asset categories and other movements mainly relates to transfers from assets under construction to their respective
asset categories, to contributions of assets to pension plans, to the separate presentation in the balance sheet of property, plant and equipment held
for sale in accordance with IFRS 5 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations and to the restatement of non-monetary assets
under hyperinflation accounting in line with IAS 29 Financial reporting in hyperinflationary economies.
F-36
Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives have been tested for impairment using the same methodology and assumptions as disclosed in Note 14
Goodwill. Based on the assumptions described in that note, AB InBev concluded that no impairment charge is warranted. While a change in the
estimates used could have a material impact on the calculation of the fair values and trigger an impairment charge, the company is not aware of any
reasonably possible change in a key assumption used that would cause a cash-generating unit’s carrying amount to exceed its recoverable amount.
2018 2017
Million US dollar AB InBev Efes Castel Efes Castel Efes
Balance at 1 January — 3 480 694 2 793 750
Effect of movements in foreign exchange — (213) (194) 356 (54)
Acquisitions 1 157 — — — —
Dividends received — (98) (11) (23) —
Share of results of associates 2 110 (10) 354 (2)
Balance at end of period 1 159 3 279 479 3 480 694
On 30 March 2018, AB InBev completed the 50:50 merger of AB InBev’s and Anadolu Efes’ existing Russia and Ukraine businesses. Following the
closing of the transaction, the operations of AB InBev and Anadolu Efes in Russia and Ukraine are now combined under AB InBev Efes. The combined
business is fully consolidated in the Anadolu Efes financial accounts. As a result of the transaction, AB InBev stopped consolidating its Russia and
Ukraine businesses and accounts for its investment in AB InBev Efes under the equity method as of that date. See also Note 6 Acquisitions and
disposals of subsidiaries.
The 2017 share of results of associates reported for Castel includes the revision of 2016 finalized result of associates. In 2018, the share of results of
associates reported for Castel was negatively impacted by a currency devaluation in Angola.
2018 2017
Million US dollar AB InBev Efes Castel Efes Castel Efes
Current assets 275 4 193 2 888 4 894 2 415
Non-current assets 664 4 291 6 463 3 912 5 243
Current liabilities 556 1 643 2 233 1 724 1 106
Non-current liabilities — 635 2 207 857 2 494
Non-controlling interests — 939 2 297 879 1 520
Net assets 383 5 267 2 614 5 346 2 538
Revenue 1 081 5 786 3 816 5 447 3 415
Profit (loss) 4 921 (43) 746 (7)
Other comprehensive income (loss) — (254) 1 536 (94) 553
Total comprehensive income (loss) 4 667 1 493 652 546
In 2018, associates that are not individually material contributed to 51m US dollar to the results of investment in associates (2017: 78m US dollar).
Additional information related to the significant associates is presented in Note 36 AB InBev Companies.
17. Investment securities
As of 31 December 2018, current debt securities of 87m US dollar mainly represented investments in government bonds. The company’s investments in
such short-term debt securities are primarily to facilitate liquidity and for capital preservation.
F-37
18. Deferred tax assets and liabilities
The amount of deferred tax assets and liabilities by type of temporary difference can be detailed as follows:
2018
Million US dollar Assets Liabilities Net
Property, plant and equipment 381 (2 665) (2 284)
Intangible assets 115 (10 665) (10 550)
Inventories 101 (67) 34
Trade and other receivables 142 (62) 80
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 475 (618) (143)
Employee benefits 673 (5) 668
Provisions 483 (27) 456
Derivatives 33 (58) (25)
Other items 215 (736) (521)
Loss carry forwards 577 — 577
Gross deferred tax assets/(liabilities) 3 195 (14 903) (11 708)
Netting by taxable entity (1 738) 1 738 —
Net deferred tax assets/(liabilities) 1 457 (13 165) (11 708)
2017
Million US dollar Assets Liabilities Net
Property, plant and equipment 324 (2 586) (2 262)
Intangible assets 113 (11 387) (11 274)
Inventories 114 (63) 51
Trade and other receivables 148 (62) 86
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 431 (646) (215)
Employee benefits 663 (10) 653
Provisions 562 (17) 545
Derivatives 40 (49) (9)
Other items 200 (796) (596)
Loss carry forwards 1 130 — 1 130
Gross deferred tax assets/(liabilities) 3 725 (15 616) (11 891)
Netting by taxable entity (2 509) 2 509 —
Net deferred tax assets/(liabilities) 1 216 (13 107) (11 891)
The change in net deferred taxes recorded in the consolidated statement of financial position can be detailed as follows:
Following the US Tax reform enacted on 22 December 2017 whereby the US Federal tax rate was reduced from 35% to 21%, the company adjusted the
deferred tax liabilities set up in 2008 in line with IFRS, as part of the purchase price accounting of the combination with Anheuser Busch and certain
deferred tax assets. This adjustment resulted in 1.8 billion US dollar recognized as an exceptional tax gain in 2017 – see also Note 12 – Income Taxes.
Most of the temporary differences are related to the fair value adjustment on intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and property, plant and
equipment acquired through business combinations. The realization of such temporary differences is unlikely to revert within 12 months.
Tax losses carried forward and deductible temporary differences on which no deferred tax asset is recognized amount to 5 280m US dollar (2017: 4
449m US dollar; 2016: 4 499m US dollar). 1 954m US dollar of these tax losses and deductible temporary differences do not have an expiration date,
136m US dollar, 153m US dollar and 725m US dollar expire within respectively 1, 2 and 3 years, while 2 311m US dollar have an expiration date of
more than 3 years. Deferred tax assets have not been recognized on these items because it is not probable that future taxable profits will be available
against which these tax losses and deductible temporary differences can be utilized and the company has no tax planning strategy currently in place to
utilize these tax losses and deductible temporary differences.
F-38
19. Inventories
The cost of inventories recognized as an expense in 2018 amounts to 20 359m US dollar, included in cost of sales (2017: 21 386m US dollar; 2016: 17
803m US dollar).
Impairment losses on inventories recognized in 2018 amount to 72m US dollar (2017: 72m US dollar; 2016: 70m US dollar).
For the nature of cash deposits for guarantees see Note 31 Collateral and contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment,
loans to customers and other.
The carrying amount of trade and other receivables is a good approximation of their fair value as the impact of discounting is not significant.
The ageing of the current trade receivables and accrued income, interest receivable, other receivables and current and non-current loans to customers can
be detailed as follows for 2018 and 2017 respectively:
Of which:
neither Of which not impaired as of the reporting date and past due
Net carrying impaired nor
amount as of past due on
31 December the reporting Less than 30 Between 30 Between 60 More than 90
2018 date days and 59 days and 89 days days
Trade receivables and accrued income 4 412 4 092 239 52 20 9
Loans to customers 188 176 4 5 3 —
Interest receivable 19 19 — — — —
Other receivables 1 094 1 051 13 26 4 —
5 713 5 338 256 83 27 9
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Of which:
neither Of which not impaired as of the reporting date and past due
Net carrying impaired nor
amount as of past due on the Less than Between 30 Between 60 More than
31 December 2017 reporting date 30 days and 59 days and 89 days 90 days
Trade receivables and accrued income 4 752 4 369 265 47 40 31
Loans to customers 179 179 — — — —
Interest receivable 6 6 — — — —
Other receivables 846 803 19 6 14 4
5 783 5 357 284 53 54 35
The above analysis of the age of financial assets that are past due as at the reporting date but not impaired also includes non-current loans to customers.
Past due amounts were not impaired when collection is still considered likely, for instance because the amounts can be recovered from the tax
authorities or AB InBev has sufficient collateral. Impairment losses on trade and other receivables recognized in 2018 amount to 43m US dollar (2017:
59m US dollar; 2016: 40m US dollar).
AB InBev’s exposure to credit, currency and interest rate risks is disclosed in Note 29 Risks arising from financial instruments.
The cash outstanding per 31 December 2018 includes restricted cash for an amount of 2m US dollar (31 December 2017: 2m US dollar). This restricted
cash refers to outstanding consideration payable to former Anheuser-Busch shareholders who did not yet claim the proceeds from the 2008 combination.
22. Assets classified as held for sale, liabilities associated with assets held for sale and discontinued operations
CCBA, the largest Coca-Cola bottler in Africa, was formed in 2016 through the combination of the African non-alcohol ready-to-drink bottling interests
of SAB, The Coca-Cola Company and Gutsche Family Investments. It includes operations in the countries of South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Uganda,
Tanzania, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Ghana, Mayotte, and Comoros.
F-40
Furthermore, AB InBev completed in 2018 the sale of its carbonated soft drink businesses in Zambia and Botswana to The Coca-Cola Company. AB
InBev also entered into agreements to sell to The Coca-Cola Company all of its carbonated soft drink business in eSwatini (Swaziland) and certain non-
alcoholic beverage brands in El Salvador and Honduras. The closing of these transactions is subject to customary closing conditions, including
regulatory approvals. In El Salvador and Honduras, the company has executed long-term bottling agreements, which will become effective upon the
closing of the El Salvador and Honduras brand divestitures.
In addition, the companies continue to work towards finalizing the terms and conditions for The Coca-Cola Company to acquire AB InBev’s interest in
the bottling operations in Zimbabwe and Lesotho. These transactions are subject to the relevant regulatory and shareholder approvals in the different
jurisdictions. By 31 December 2018, the assets and liabilities of the above operations were not reported as assets classified as held for sale and liabilities
associated with assets held for sale.
STATEMENT OF CAPITAL
The tables below summarize the changes in issued capital and treasury shares during 2018:
Issued capital
ISSUED CAPITAL Million shares Million US dollar
At the end of the previous year 2 019 1 736
Changes during the period — —
2 019 1 736
Of which:
Ordinary shares 1 693
Restricted shares 326
As at 31 December 2018, the share capital of AB InBev amounts to 1 238 608 344.12 euro (1 736 million US dollar). It is represented by 2 019 241 973
shares without nominal value, of which 62 502 473 are held in treasury by AB InBev and its subsidiaries. All shares are ordinary shares, except for 325
999 817 restricted shares. As at 31 December 2018, the total of authorized, un-issued capital amounts to 37m euro.
The treasury shares held by the company are reported in equity in Treasury shares.
The holders of ordinary and restricted shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time and are entitled to one vote per share at
meetings of the company. In respect of the company’s shares that are held by AB InBev, rights are suspended.
The restricted shares are unlisted, not admitted to trading on any stock exchange, and are subject to, among other things, restrictions on transfer until
converted into new ordinary shares. The restricted shares will be convertible at the election of the holder into new ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis
with effect from the fifth anniversary of completion of the SAB combination. From completion of the SAB combination, such restricted shares will rank
equally with the ordinary shares with respect to dividends and voting rights.
The shareholders’ structure based on the notifications made to the company pursuant to the Belgian Law of 02 May 2007 on the disclosure of significant
shareholdings in listed companies is included in the Corporate Governance section of AB InBev’s annual report.
During 2018, Ambev increased its investment in Cervecería Nacional Dominicana S.A. (“CND”) from 55% to 85%. As the related subsidiary was
already fully consolidated, the purchase did not impact AB InBev’s profit, but reduced the non-controlling interests by 429m US dollar and increased
the profit attributable to equity holders of AB InBev.
REPORT ACCORDING TO ARTICLE 624 OF THE BELGIAN COMPANIES CODE – PURCHASE OF OWN SHARES
During 2018, the company proceeded with the following sale transactions:
• 1 251 602 shares were granted to executives of the group according to the company’s executive remuneration policy;
• 1 497 344 shares were sold, as a result of the exercise of options granted to employees of the group;
• 23 076 922 shares were delivered under deferred share instruments with former Grupo Modelo shareholders.
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At the end of the period, the group owned 62 527 163 own shares of which 61 923 078 were held directly by AB InBev. The par value of the shares is
0.61 euro. As a consequence, the shares that were sold during the year 2018 represent 18 038 093 US dollar (15 753 779 euro) of the subscribed capital
and the shares that the company still owned at the end of 2018 represent 43 672 135 US dollar (38 141 569 euro) of the subscribed capital.
DIVIDENDS
On 24 October 2018, an interim dividend of 0.80 euro per share or approximately 1 565m euro was approved by the Board of Directors. This interim
dividend was paid out on 29 November 2018. On 28 February, in addition to the interim dividend paid on 29 November 2018, a dividend of 1.00 euro
per share or 1 957m euro was proposed by the Board of Directors, reflecting a total dividend payment for the 2018 fiscal year of 1.80 euro per share or 3
522m euro.
On 25 October 2017, an interim dividend of 1.60 euro per share or 3 089m euro was approved by the Board of Directors. This interim dividend was paid
out on 16 November 2017. On 25 April 2018, in addition to the interim dividend paid on 16 November 2017, a dividend of 2.00 euro per share or 3
867m euro was approved at the shareholders meeting, reflecting a total dividend payment for 2017 fiscal year of 3.60 euro per share or 6 956m euro.
The dividend was paid out on 3 May 2018.
On 25 October 2016, an interim dividend of 1.60 euro per share or 3 091 euro was approved by the Board of Directors. This interim dividend was paid
out on 17 November 2016. On 26 April 2017, in addition to the interim dividend paid on 17 November 2016, a dividend of 2.00 euro or 3 856m euro
was approved at the shareholders meeting, reflecting a total dividend payment for 2016 fiscal year of 3.60 euro per share or 6 947m euro. The dividend
was paid out on 4 May 2017.
TRANSLATION RESERVES
The translation reserves comprise all foreign currency exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign operations.
The translation reserves also comprise the portion of the gain or loss on the foreign currency liabilities and on the derivative financial instruments
determined to be effective net investment.
HEDGING RESERVES
The hedging reserves comprise the effective portion of the cumulative net change in the fair value of cash flow hedges to the extent the hedged risk has
not yet impacted profit or loss.
Dividends paid to AB InBev by certain of its subsidiaries are also subject to withholding taxes. Withholding tax, if applicable, generally does not exceed
15%.
On 21 May 2018, AB InBev delivered the shares that were due under the deferred share instruments through the use of AB InBev treasury shares.
Until the delivery of the AB InBev shares, AB InBev paid a coupon on each undelivered AB InBev share, so that the Deferred Share Instrument holders
were compensated on an after tax basis, for dividends they would have received had the AB InBev shares been delivered to them prior to the record date
for such dividend.
The deferred share instrument was classified as an equity instrument, in line with IAS 32, as the number of shares and consideration received are fixed.
The coupon to compensate for the dividend equivalent is reported through equity. On 3 May 2018, the company paid a coupon of 2.00 euro per share or
approximately 56m US dollar (2017: 3.60 euro per share or approximately 93m US dollar).
STOCK LENDING
In order to fulfil AB InBev’s commitments under various outstanding stock option plans, AB InBev entered into stock lending arrangements for up to
20 million of its own ordinary shares. As of 31 December 2018, the outstanding balance of loaned securities amounted to 20 million, of which
20 million were used to fulfil stock option plan commitments. AB InBev shall pay any dividend equivalent, after tax in respect of the loaned securities.
This payment will be reported through equity as dividend.
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OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME RESERVES
The changes in the other comprehensive income reserves are as follows:
The calculation of diluted earnings per share for the year ended 31 December 2018 is based on the profit attributable to equity holders of AB InBev of 4
368m US dollar (31 December 2017: 7 996m US dollar; 31 December 2016: 1 241m US dollar) and a weighted average number of ordinary and
restricted shares (diluted) outstanding (including deferred share instruments and stock lending) per end of the period, calculated as follows:
43
The calculation of earnings per share before exceptional items and discontinued operations is based on the profit from continuing operations attributable
to equity holders of AB InBev. A reconciliation of profit before exceptional items and discontinued operations, attributable to equity holders of
AB InBev to profit attributable to equity holders of AB InBev is calculated as follows:
The calculation of the Underlying EPS1 is based on the profit before exceptional items, discontinued operations, mark-to-market losses and
hyperinflation impacts attributable to equity holders of AB InBev. A reconciliation of profit before exceptional items, discontinued operations, mark-to-
market losses and hyperinflation impacts, attributable to equity holders of AB InBev to profit before exceptional items and discontinued operations,
attributable to equity holders of AB InBev, is calculated as follows:
The average market value of the company’s shares for purposes of calculating the dilutive effect of share options and restricted stock units was based on
quoted market prices for the period that the options and restricted stock units were outstanding. 63m share options were anti-dilutive and not included in
the calculation of the dilutive effect as at 31 December 2018 (31 December 2016 and 2017: 5m share options).
1 See glossary.
2 See glossary.
44
24. Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
This note provides information about the company’s interest-bearing loans and borrowings. For more information about the company’s exposure to
interest rate and foreign exposure currency risk - refer to Note 29 Risks arising from financial instruments.
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Million US dollar 31 December 2018 31 December 2017
Secured bank loans 109 230
Unsecured bank loans 86 153
Unsecured bond issues 105 170 108 327
Unsecured other loans 57 53
Finance lease liabilities 162 186
Non-current interest-bearing loans and borrowings 105 584 108 949
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Million US dollar 31 December 2018 31 December 2017
Secured bank loans 370 272
Commercial papers 1 142 1 870
Unsecured bank loans 22 739
Unsecured bond issues 2 626 4 510
Unsecured other loans 14 15
Finance lease liabilities 42 27
Current interest-bearing loans and borrowings 4 216 7 433
The current and non-current interest-bearing loans and borrowings amount to 109.8 billion US dollar as of 31 December 2018, compared to 116.4
billion US dollar as of 31 December 2017.
Commercial papers amount to 1.1 billion US dollar as of 31 December 2018 and include programs in US dollar and euro with a total authorized
issuance up to 3.0 billion US dollar and 1.0 billion euro, respectively.
During 2018, AB InBev completed the issuance of the following series of bonds:
Aggregate
principal amount
Issue date (in millions) Currency Interest rate Maturity date
23 January 2018 1 500 Euro 3M EURIBOR + 30 bps 15 April 2024
23 January 2018 2 000 Euro 1.150% 22 January 2027
23 January 2018 750 Euro 2.000% 23 January 2035
4 April 2018 1 500 USD 3.500% 12 January 2024
4 April 2018 2 500 USD 4.000% 13 April 2028
4 April 2018 1 500 USD 4.375% 15 April 2038
4 April 2018 2 500 USD 4.600% 15 April 2048
4 April 2018 1 500 USD 4.750% 15 April 2058
4 April 2018 500 USD 3M LIBOR + 74 bps 12 January 2024
On 19 March, the company redeemed the entire outstanding principal amount of the Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide notes with a principal amount
of 2.5 billion US dollar due in 2019 bearing interest at 7.75%.
On 23 April, the company redeemed the entire outstanding principal amount of certain notes due in 2019 and 2020. The total principal amount of the
notes that were retired is approximately 7.8 billion US dollar.
On 6 June, the company redeemed the entire outstanding principal amount of the Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide notes due 2020. The total principal
amount of notes that were retired is 1.0 billion US dollar.
On 13 December, the company redeemed the entire outstanding principal amount of the Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance notes due 2021. The total
principal amount of notes that were retired is 2.5 billion US dollar.
On 26 November, the company announced the final results of a U.S. private exchange offer for a series of six notes issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev
Finance for notes co-issued by Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC (“ABC”) and Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. The total principal amount of
notes exchanged listed below is 23.5 billion US dollar.
Original
principal Principal
amount Principal amount amount not
outstanding outstanding exchanged
Title of series of notes (in million exchanged (in million
Issuer issued exchanged US dollar) (in million US dollar) US dollar)
Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance 4.9% Notes due 2046 11 000 9 543 1 457
Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance 4.7% Notes due 2036 6 000 5 385 615
Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance 3.65% Notes due 2026 11 000 8 555 2 445
AB InBev is in compliance with all its debt covenants as of 31 December 2018. The 2010 senior facilities do not include restrictive financial covenants.
F-45
TERMS AND DEBT REPAYMENT
SCHEDULE AT 31 DECEMBER 2018 1 year or More than 5
Million US dollar Total less 1-2 years 2-3 years 3-5 years years
Secured bank loans 479 370 38 14 26 31
Commercial papers 1 142 1 142 — — — —
Unsecured bank loans 108 22 — 86 — —
Unsecured bond issues 107 796 2 626 5 259 8 039 17 180 74 692
Unsecured other loans 71 14 18 7 9 23
Finance lease liabilities 204 42 19 17 12 114
109 800 4 216 5 334 8 163 17 227 74 860
Net debt is defined as non-current and current interest-bearing loans and borrowings and bank overdrafts minus debt securities and cash and cash
equivalents. Net debt is a financial performance indicator that is used by AB InBev’s management to highlight changes in the company’s overall
liquidity position. The company believes that net debt is meaningful for investors as it is one of the primary measures AB InBev’s management uses
when evaluating its progress towards deleveraging.
AB InBev’s net debt decreased to 102.5 billion US dollar as of 31 December 2018, from 104.4 billion US dollar as of 31 December 2017. Apart from
operating results net of capital expenditures, the net debt is mainly impacted by the acquisition by Ambev of additional shares in Cervecería Nacional
Dominicana S.A. (“CND”) following the partial exercise by E. León Jimenes S.A. (“ELJ”) of its put option (0.9 billion US dollar), the payment to
Molson Coors Brewing Company related to a purchase price adjustment on the disposal completed on 11 October 2016 of SAB’s interest in MillerCoors
LLC and all trademarks, contracts and other assets primarily related to the “Miller International Business” (0.3 billion US dollar), dividend payments to
shareholders of AB InBev and Ambev (7.8 billion US dollar), the payment of interests and taxes (7.1 billion US dollar) and the impact of changes in
foreign exchange rates (2.1 billion US dollar decrease of net debt).
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RECONCILIATION OF LIABILITIES ARISING FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
The table below details changes in the company’s liabilities arising from financing activities, including both cash and non-cash changes. Liabilities
arising from financing activities are those for which cash flows were, or future cash flows will be classified in the company’s consolidated statement of
cash flows from financing activities.
The present value of funded obligations includes a 175m US dollar liability related to two medical plans in Brazil, for which the benefits are provided
through the Fundação Antonio Helena Zerrenner (“FAHZ”). The FAHZ is a legally distinct entity which provides medical, dental, educational and
social assistance to current and retired employees of Ambev. On 31 December 2018, the actuarial liabilities related to the benefits provided by the
FAHZ are fully offset by an equivalent amount of assets existing in the fund. The net liability recognized in the balance sheet is nil.
The employee benefit net liability amounts to 2 665m US dollar as of 31 December 2018 compared to 2 971m US dollar as of 31 December 2017. In
2018, the fair value of the plan assets decreased by 564m US dollar and the defined benefit obligations decreased by 842m US dollar. The decrease in
the employee benefit net liability is mainly driven by increases in discount rates and favorable foreign exchange movements.
The company’s net liability for post-employment and long-term employee benefit plans comprises the following at 31 December:
Million US dollar 2018 2017
Present value of funded obligations (6 762) (7 506)
Fair value of plan assets 5 059 5 623
Present value of net obligations for funded plans (1 703) (1 883)
Present value of unfunded obligations (806) (904)
Present value of net obligations (2 509) (2 787)
Unrecognized asset (77) (111)
Net liability (2 586) (2 898)
Other long term employee benefits (79) (73)
Reclassified as held for sale — —
Total employee benefits (2 665) (2 971)
Employee benefits amounts in the balance sheet:
Liabilities (2 681) (2 993)
Assets 16 22
Net liability (2 665) (2 971)
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The changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligations are as follows:
Million US dollar 2018 2017 2016
Defined benefit obligation at 1 January (8 410) (7 952) (7 594)
Current service costs (72) (74) (73)
Interest cost (322) (340) (347)
Past service gain/(cost) (3) 17 8
Settlements 45 6 174
Benefits paid 493 502 482
Contribution by plan participants (3) (4) (4)
Acquisition and disposal through business combination — — (260)
Actuarial gains/(losses) – demographic assumptions 27 24 (1)
Actuarial gains/(losses) – financial assumptions 350 (264) (607)
Experience adjustments 14 (21) 37
Exchange differences 313 (343) 256
Transfers and other movements — 39 (23)
Defined benefit obligation at 31 December (7 568) (8 410) (7 952)
As at the last valuation date, the present value of the defined benefit obligation was comprised of approximately 1.6 billion US dollar relating to active
employees, 1.5 billion US dollar relating to deferred members and 4.5 billion US dollar relating to members in retirement.
Actual return on plans assets amounted to a loss of 108m US dollar in 2018 compared to a gain of 472m US dollar in 2017.
The expense recognized in the income statement with regard to defined benefit plans can be detailed as follows:
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The employee benefit expense is included in the following line items of the income statement:
Weighted average assumptions used in computing the benefit obligations of the company’s significant plans at the balance sheet date are as follows:
2018
United United
States Canada Mexico Brazil Kingdom AB InBev
Discount rate 4.3% 3.9% 9.0% 8.9% 2.8% 4.3%
Price inflation 2.5% 2.0% 3.5% 4.0% 3.4% 2.7%
Future salary increases — 1.0% 4.3% 7.6%-5.6% — 3.8%
Future pension increases — 2.0% 3.5% 4.0% 3.0% 2.8%
Medical cost trend rate 6.5%-4.5% 4.5% — 7.6% — 6.8%-6.0%
Life expectation for a 65 year old male 85 87 82 85 87 85
Life expectation for a 65 year old female 87 89 85 88 89 87
2017
United United
States Canada Mexico Brazil Kingdom AB InBev
Discount rate 3.7% 3.6% 8.0% 10.0% 2.6% 4.0%
Price inflation 2.5% 2.0% 3.5% 4.3% 3.3% 2.7%
Future salary increases — 1.0% 4.3% 5.6% — 3.5%
Future pension increases — 2.0% 3.5% 4.3% 3.0% 2.8%
Medical cost trend rate 6.2%-5.0% 4.5% — 7.9% — 6.8%-6.4%
Life expectation for a 65 year old male 85 87 82 85 87 85
Life expectation for a 65 year old female 88 89 85 88 89 88
Through its defined benefit pension plans and post-employment medical plans, the company is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant are
detailed below:
INVESTMENT STRATEGY
In case of funded plans, the company ensures that the investment positions are managed within an asset-liability matching (ALM) framework that has
been developed to achieve long-term investments that are in line with the obligations under the pension schemes. Within this framework, the company’s
ALM objective is to match assets to the pension obligations by investing in long-term fixed interest securities with maturities that match the benefit
payments as they fall due and in the appropriate currency. The company actively monitors how the duration and the expected yield of the investments
are matching the expected cash outflows arising from the pension obligation.
ASSET VOLATILITY
In general, the company’s funded plans are invested in a combination of equities and bonds, generating high but volatile returns from equities and at the
same time stable and liability-matching returns from bonds. As the plans mature, the company usually reduces the level of investment risk by investing
more in assets that better match the liabilities. Since 2015, the company started the implementation of a new pension de-risking strategy to reduce the
risk profile of certain plans by reducing gradually the current exposure to equities and shifting those assets to fixed income securities.
INFLATION RISK
Some of the company’s pension obligations, mainly in the UK, are linked to inflation, and higher inflation will lead to higher liabilities. The majority of
the plan’s assets are either unaffected by or loosely correlated with inflation, meaning that an increase in inflation could potentially increase the
company’s net benefit obligation.
LIFE EXPECTANCY
The majority of the plans’ obligations are to provide benefits for the life of the member, so increases in life expectancy will result in an increase in the
plans’ liabilities.
The weighted average duration of the defined benefit obligation is 13.3 years (2017: 13.8 years; 2016: 14.0 years).
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The sensitivity of the defined benefit obligation to changes in the weighted principal assumptions is:
The above are purely hypothetical changes in individual assumptions holding all other assumptions constant: economic conditions and changes therein
will often affect multiple assumptions at the same time and the effects of changes in key assumptions are not linear.
Sensitivities are reasonably possible changes in assumptions and they are calculated using the same approach as was used to determine the defined
benefit obligation. Therefore, the above information is not necessarily a reasonable representation of future results.
2018 2017
Quoted Unquoted Total Quoted Unquoted Total
Government bonds 32% — 32% 27% — 27%
Corporate bonds 36% — 36% 37% — 37%
Equity instruments 22% — 22% 26% — 26%
Property — 4% 4% — 4% 4%
Insurance contracts and others 4% 2% 6% 5% 1% 6%
94% 6% 100% 95% 5% 100%
AB InBev expects to contribute approximately 246m US dollar for its funded defined benefit plans and 73m US dollar in benefit payments to its
unfunded defined benefit plans and post-retirement medical plans in 2019.
Share-based payment transactions resulted in a total expense of 353m US dollar for the year 2018, as compared to 359m US dollar for the year 2017 and
228m for the year 2016.
During 2018, AB InBev issued 1.5m of matching restricted stock units in relation to bonus granted to company employees and management. These
matching restricted stock units are valued at the share price at the day of grant representing a fair value of approximately 158m US dollar and cliff vest
after five years. During 2017, AB InBev issued 0.3m of matching restricted stock units in relation to bonus granted to company employees and
management. These matching restricted stock units are valued at the share price at the day of grant representing a fair value of approximately 31m US
dollar and cliff vest after five years.
1 Amounts have been converted to US dollar at the average rate of the period, unless otherwise indicated.
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LTI Stock Option Plan for Directors
Before 2014, the company issued regularly warrants, or rights to subscribe for newly issued shares under the LTI Warrant Plan for the benefit of
directors and, until 2006, for the benefit of members of the Executive Board of Management and other senior employees. LTI warrants were subject to a
vesting period ranging from one to three years. Forfeiture of a warrant occurs in certain circumstances when the holder leaves the company’s
employment.
Since 2007, members of the Executive Board of Management (replaced as from 1 January 2019 by the Executive Committee) and other employees are
no longer eligible to receive warrants under the LTI Warrant Plan, but instead receive a portion of their compensation in the form of shares and options
granted under the Share-Based Compensation Plan and the LTI Stock Option Plan Executives.
Since 2014, directors are no longer eligible to receive warrants under the LTI Warrant Plan. Instead, on 30 April 2014, the annual shareholders meeting
decided to replace the LTI Warrant Plan by a LTI Stock Option plan for directors. As a result, grants for directors now consist of LTI stock options
instead of LTI warrants (i.e. the right to purchase existing shares instead of the right to subscribe to newly issued shares). Grants are made annually at
the company’s shareholders meeting on a discretionary basis upon recommendation of the Remuneration Committee. The LTI stock options have an
exercise price that is set equal to the market price at the time of the granting, a maximum lifetime of 10 years and an exercise period that starts after 5
years. The LTI stock options cliff vest after 5 years. Unvested options are subject to specific forfeiture provisions in the event that the directorship is not
renewed upon the expiry of its term or is terminated in the course of its term, both due to a breach of duty by the director.
Furthermore, at the annual shareholders meeting of 30 April 2014, all outstanding LTI warrants granted under the company’s LTI Warrant Plan were
converted into LTI stock options, i.e. the right to purchase existing ordinary shares of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV instead of the right to subscribe to
newly issued shares. All other terms and conditions of the existing grants under the LTI Warrant Plan remain unchanged.
During 2018, AB InBev granted 0.2m stock options to members of the board of directors, representing a fair value of approximately 4m US dollar
(2017: 0.2m stock options with a fair value of approximately 4m US dollar).
During 2018 AB InBev issued 7.2m LTI stock options with an estimated fair value of 102m US dollar. During 2017 AB InBev issued 7.8m LTI stock
options with an estimated fair value of 149m US dollar, whereby 1.4m options relate to American Depositary Shares (ADSs) and 6.4m options to AB
InBev shares.
During 2018, approximately 2.7m performance units were granted to senior management of the Disruptive Growth Function (2017: approximately 2.0m
performance units). The value of the performance units will depend on the return of the Disruptive Growth business area. Out of these, 0.1m
performance units were granted to a member of the Executive Board of Management.
The units vest after 5 years provided a performance test is met. Specific forfeiture rules apply in case the executive leaves the company.
Other Grants
AB InBev has in place three specific long-term incentive programs.
One program allows for the offer of restricted stock units to certain employees in certain specific circumstances, whereby grants are made at the
discretion of the CEO, e.g. as a special retention incentive or to compensate for assignments of expatriates in countries with difficult living conditions.
The restricted stock units vest after five years and in case of termination of service before the vesting date, special forfeiture rules apply. In 2018, 2.3m
restricted stock units with an estimated fair value of 184m US dollar were granted under this program to a selected number of employees (2017: 0.1m
restricted stock units with an estimated fair value of 9m US dollar).
A second program allows for the exceptional offer of restricted stock units to certain employees at the discretion of the Remuneration Committee of AB
InBev as a long-term retention incentive for key employees of the company. Employees eligible to receive a grant under this program receive two series
of restricted stock units, the first half of the restricted stock units vesting after five years, the second half after ten years. As a variant under this program,
the restricted stock units may be granted with a shorter vesting period of 2.5 to 3 years for the first half and 5 years for the second half of the restricted
stock units. In case of termination of service before the vesting date, special forfeiture rules apply. As of 2017, instead of restricted stock units, stock
options may be granted under the program with similar vesting and forfeiture rules. Each option gives the grantee the right to purchase one existing AB
InBev share. During 2018, approximately 0.4m restricted stock units were granted with an estimated fair value of 35m US dollar (2017: 0.8m stock
options with an estimated fair value of 15m US dollar).
A third program allows certain employees to purchase company shares at a discount aimed as a long-term retention incentive for (i) high-potential
employees of the company, who are at a mid-manager level (“People bet share purchase program”) or (ii) for newly hired employees. The voluntary
investment in company shares leads to the grant of an amount of matching restricted stock units or stock options which vest after 5 years. In case of
termination before the vesting date, special forfeiture rules apply. In 2018, employees purchased 0.1m shares under this program for the equivalent of
1m US dollar (2017: equivalent of 5m US dollar).
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In 2018 a new program was implemented allowing for the offer of performance based restricted stock units (“Performance RSUs”) to certain members
of the company’s senior management. Upon vesting, each RSU gives the executive the right to receive one existing AB InBev share. The Performance
RSUs can have a vesting period of 5 years or of 10 years. The shares resulting from the RSU vesting will only be delivered provided a performance test
is met by the company. This performance test is based on an organic EBITDA compounded annual growth rate target which must be achieved by
31 December 2024 at the latest. Specific forfeiture rules apply if the employee leaves the company before the performance test achievement or vesting
date.
During 2018, AB InBev granted 0.5m Performance RSUs to a selected group of members of the senior management of the company, including a
number of members of the Executive Board of Management, under the Performance Restricted Stock Units Plan, with an estimated fair value of 46m
US dollar.
In order to maintain consistency of benefits granted to executives and to encourage international mobility of executives, an options exchange program
can be executed whereby unvested options are exchanged against restricted shares that remain locked-up until 5 years after the end of the initial vesting
period. The shares that result from the exercise of the options must in principle remain locked-up until 31 December 2023. In 2018, no options were
exchanged against ordinary blocked shares (2017: 0.3m options were exchanged against ordinary blocked shares). Furthermore, certain options granted
have been modified whereby the dividend protected feature of these options have been cancelled and compensated by the issuance of new additional
options. In 2018 and 2017, no new options were issued.
The Board has also approved the early release of vesting conditions of unvested stock options or restricted stock units which are vesting within 6 months
of the executives’ relocation. The shares that result from the early exercise of the options or the early vesting of the restricted stock units must remain
blocked until the end of the initial vesting period. In 2018, the vesting of 0.3m stock options and restricted stock units was accelerated under this
program for other members of the senior management. Out of these, the vesting of 0.3m stock options and restricted stock units was accelerated for
members of the Executive Board of Management.
The weighted average fair value of the options and assumptions used in applying the AB InBev option pricing model for the 2018 grants of awards
described above are as follows:
Expected volatility is based on historical volatility calculated using 3 295 days of historical data. In the determination of the expected volatility, AB
InBev is excluding the volatility measured during the period 15 July 2008 until 30 April 2009, in view of the extreme market conditions experienced
during that period. The binomial Hull model assumes that all employees would immediately exercise their options if the AB InBev share price is 2.5
times above the exercise price. As a result, no single expected option life applies.
The range of exercise prices of the outstanding options is between 10.32 euro (11.82 US dollar)1 and 121.95 euro (139.63 US dollar) while the weighted
average remaining contractual life is 8.39 years.
The total number of outstanding AB InBev restricted stock units developed as follows:
Since 2018, Ambev has a plan which is substantially similar to the Share-based compensation plan under which bonuses granted to company employees
and management are partially settled in shares. Under the Share-based compensation plan, Ambev issued 13.1m restricted stock units in 2018 with an
estimated fair value of 66m US dollar.
As from 2010, senior employees are eligible for an annual long-term incentive to be paid out in Ambev LTI stock options (or, in future, similar share-
based instruments), depending on management’s assessment of the employee’s performance and future potential. In 2018, Ambev granted 19.5m LTI
stock options with an estimated fair value of 30m US dollar. (2017: 20.4m LTI stock options with an estimated fair value of 42m US Dollar)
The weighted fair value of the options and assumptions used in applying a binomial option pricing model for the 2018 Ambev grants are as follows:
The range of exercise prices of the outstanding options is between 0.01 Brazilian real (0.00 US dollar) and 27.43 Brazilian real (7.08 US dollar) while
the weighted average remaining contractual life is 6.27 years.
Of the 141.3m outstanding options 55.5m options are vested at 31 December 2018.
For share options exercised during 2018, the weighted average share price at the date of exercise was 21.03 Brazilian real (5.63 US dollar).
1 Amounts have been converted to US dollar at the closing rate of the respective period.
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The total number of outstanding Ambev deferred and restricted stock units developed as follows:
Additionally, as a means of creating a long term incentive (wealth incentive) for certain senior employees and members of management considered as
having “high potential”, share appreciation rights in the form of phantom stocks have been granted to those employees, pursuant to which the
beneficiary shall receive two separate lots – Lot A and Lot B – subject to lockup periods of five and ten years, respectively.
During 2018, a limited number of Ambev shareholders who are part of the senior management of AB InBev were given the opportunity to exchange
Ambev shares against a total of 0.1m AB InBev shares (0.1m AB InBev shares in 2017) at a discount of 16.7% provided that they stay in service for
another five years. The fair value of this transaction amounts to approximately 1m US dollar (2m US dollar in 2017) and is expensed over the five years’
service period. The fair values of the Ambev and AB InBev shares were determined based on the market price.
27. Provisions
The restructuring provisions are primarily explained by the organizational alignments - see also Note 8 Exceptional items. Provisions for disputes
mainly relate to various disputed direct and indirect taxes and to claims from former employees.
The provisions are expected to be settled within the following time windows:
Million US dollar Total < 1 year 1-2 years 2-5 years > 5 years
Restructuring 130 63 18 47 2
Income and indirect taxes 627 365 141 83 38
Labor 136 44 12 73 7
Commercial 34 14 6 13 1
Excise duties 18 — 3 15 —
Other disputes 262 7 102 153 —
Disputes 1 077 430 264 337 46
Other provisions 711 273 213 225 —
Total provisions 1 918 766 495 609 48
AB InBev is subject to the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme in force in the European Union and a similar scheme in South Korea.
Acquired emission allowances are recognized at cost as intangible assets. To the extent that it is expected that the number of allowances needed to settle
the CO2 emissions exceeds the number of emission allowances owned, a provision is recognized. Such provision is measured at the estimated amount of
the expenditure required to settle the obligation. At 31 December 2018, the emission allowances owned fully covered the expected CO2 emissions. As
such no provision needed to be recognized.
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28. Trade and other payables
NON-CURRENT TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES
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CURRENT TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES
As at 31 December 2018, deferred consideration on acquisitions is mainly comprised of 0.6 billion US dollar for the put option included in the 2012
shareholders’ agreement between Ambev and ELJ which may result in Ambev acquiring additional shares in Cervecería Nacional Dominicana S.A.
(“CND”). In January 2018, ELJ partially exercised its option to sell approximately 30% of the shares of CND for an amount of 0.9 billion US dollar,
resulting in Ambev’s participation in CND increasing from 55% to 85%.
1 Cash and short term deposits are not included in this overview.
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Set out below is an overview of financial liabilities held by the company at year-end:
DERIVATIVES
AB InBev’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, fair value interest rate risk, cash flow interest risk,
commodity risk and equity risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The company analyses each of these risks individually as well as on a combined basis and
defines strategies to manage the economic impact on the company’s performance in line with its financial risk management policy.
The main derivative instruments used are foreign currency rate agreements, exchange traded foreign currency futures and options, interest rate swaps
and forwards, cross currency interest rate swaps (“CCIRS”), exchange traded interest rate futures, commodity swaps, exchange traded commodity
futures and equity swaps.
The table below provides an overview of the notional amounts of derivatives outstanding at year-end by maturity bucket.
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FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK
AB InBev is subject to foreign currency risk when contracts are denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the entity. This includes
borrowings, investments, (forecasted) sales, (forecasted) purchases, royalties, dividends, licenses, management fees and interest expense/income. To
manage foreign currency risk the company uses mainly foreign currency rate agreements, exchange traded foreign currency futures and cross currency
interest rate swaps.
The table below shows the company’s main net foreign currency positions for firm commitments and forecasted transactions for the most important
currency pairs. The open positions are the result of the application of AB InBev’s risk management policy. Positive amounts indicate that the company
is long (net future cash inflows) in the first currency of the currency pair while negative amounts indicate that the company is short (net future cash
outflows) in the first currency of the currency pair. The second currency of the currency pairs listed is the functional currency of the related subsidiary.
Further analysis on the impact of open currency exposures is performed in the currency sensitivity analysis below.
Hedges of firm commitments and highly probable forecasted transactions denominated in foreign currency are designated as cash flow hedges.
A description of the foreign currency risk hedging of debt instruments issued in a currency other than the functional currency of the subsidiary is further
detailed in the Interest Rate Risk section below.
Currency sensitivity analysis
Currency transactional risk
Most of AB InBev’s non-derivative financial instruments are either denominated in the functional currency of the subsidiary or are converted into the
functional currency through the use of derivatives. Where illiquidity in the local
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market prevents hedging at a reasonable cost, the company can have open positions. The transactional foreign currency risk mainly arises from open
positions in Australian dollar, Chinese yuan, Colombian peso, Mexican peso, Peruvian nuevo sol, pound sterling, South African rand and South Korean
won against the US dollar and the euro. AB InBev estimated the reasonably possible change of exchange rate, on the basis of the average volatility on
the open currency pairs, as follows:
2018
Closing rate Possible Volatility
31 December 2018 closing rate1 of rates in %
Euro/Mexican peso 22.54 19.21 - 25.86 14.75%
Euro/Pound sterling 0.89 0.84 - 0.95 6.03%
Euro/South Korean won 1277.14 1181.98 - 1372.3 7.45%
Euro/US dollar 1.15 1.06 - 1.23 7.32%
Pound sterling/US dollar 1.28 1.17 - 1.39 8.45%
US dollar/Australian dollar 1.42 1.30 - 1.54 8.50%
US dollar/Chinese yuan 6.88 6.57 - 7.18 4.45%
US dollar/Colombian peso 3246.70 2868.9 - 3624.5 11.64%
US dollar/Euro 0.87 0.81 - 0.94 7.32%
US dollar/Mexican peso 19.68 17.12 - 22.24 13.00%
US dollar/Nigerian naira 362.54 354.9 - 370.18 2.11%
US dollar/Peruvian nuevo sol 3.37 3.24 - 3.50 3.90%
US dollar/South African rand 14.37 11.96 - 16.79 16.82%
US dollar/South Korean won 1115.40 1029.1 - 1201.71 7.74%
US dollar/Tanzanian shilling 2298.32 2211.95 - 2384.69 3.76%
US dollar/Zambian kwacha 11.88 10.28 - 13.47 13.41%
2017
Closing rate Possible Volatility
31 December 2017 closing rate2 of rates in %
Euro/Mexican peso 23.67 20.81 - 26.53 12.07%
Euro/Pound sterling 0.89 0.82 - 0.96 7.94%
Euro/Russian ruble 69.12 60.86 - 77.38 11.95%
Euro/South Korean won 1 280.41 1 181.37 – 1 379.44 7.73%
Euro/Ukrainian hryvnia 33.66 30.39 - 36.93 9.72%
Euro/US dollar 1.20 1.11 - 1.28 7.12%
Pound sterling/US dollar 1.35 1.16 - 1.54 13.99%
US dollar/Australian dollar 1.28 1.18 - 1.38 7.50%
US dollar/Chinese yuan 6.51 6.15 - 6.86 5.45%
US dollar/Colombian peso 2 988.60 2 732.94 – 3 244.26 8.55%
US dollar/Euro 0.83 0.77 - 0.89 7.12%
US dollar/Mexican peso 19.74 17.45 - 22.02 11.59%
US dollar/Nigerian naira 360.03 284.18 - 435.87 21.07%
US dollar/Peruvian nuevo sol 3.24 3.11 - 3.38 4.19%
US dollar/Russian ruble 57.63 51.43 - 63.83 10.76%
US dollar/South African rand 12.35 10.44 - 14.25 15.39%
US dollar/South Korean won 1 067.63 921.4 –1 213.86 13.70%
US dollar/Tanzanian shilling 2 235.44 2 176.76 – 2 294.12 2.63%
US dollar/Ukrainian hryvnia 28.07 26.86 - 29.27 4.30%
US dollar/Zambian kwacha 9.98 8.91 - 11.05 10.72%
Had the Australian dollar, Chinese yuan, Colombian peso, Mexican peso, Peruvian nuevo sol, pound sterling, South African rand and South Korean won
weakened/strengthened during 2018 by the above estimated changes against the euro or the US dollar, with all other variables held constant, the 2018
impact on consolidated profit before taxes would have been approximately 76m US dollar (142m US dollar in 2017; 112m US dollar in 2016)
higher/lower.
Additionally, the AB InBev sensitivity analysis1 to the foreign exchange rates on its total derivatives positions as of 31 December 2018, shows a
positive/negative pre-tax impact on equity reserves of 587m US dollar (639m US dollar in 2017; 774m US dollar in 2016).
As of 31 December 2018, designated derivative and non-derivative financial instruments in net investment hedges amount to 9 773m US dollar
equivalent (7 424m US dollar in 2017) in Holding companies and approximately 632m US dollar equivalent (1 669m US dollar in 2017) at Ambev
level. These instruments hedge foreign operations with Brazilian real, Canadian dollar, Dominican peso, euro, Mexican peso, pound sterling, South
Korean won and US dollar functional currencies.
1 Sensitivity analysis is assessed based on the yearly volatility using daily observable market data during 250 days at 31 December 2018.
2 Sensitivity analysis is assessed based on the yearly volatility using daily observable market data during 250 days at 31 December 2017.
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Net foreign exchange results
Foreign exchange results recognized on unhedged and hedged exposures are as follows:
Economic Hedges
Marketable debt security hedges (interest rate risk on Brazilian real)
During 2018 and 2017, Ambev invested in highly liquid Brazilian real denominated government debt securities. The company also entered into interest
rate future contracts in order to offset the Brazilian real interest rate exposure of these government bonds. Both instruments are measured at fair value
with changes recorded into profit or loss and no hedge accounting is required.
At 31 December 2018, the total carrying amount of the floating and fixed rate interest-bearing financial liabilities before hedging as listed above
includes bank overdrafts of 114m US dollar.
As disclosed in the above table, 7 038m US dollar or 6.40% of the company’s interest-bearing financial liabilities bears interest at a variable rate. The
company estimated that the reasonably possible change of the market interest rates applicable to its floating rate debt after hedging is as follows:
2018
Interest rate Possible Volatility
31 December 20181 interest rate2 of rates in %
Brazilian real 6.44% 6.12% - 6.76% 5.00%
Canadian dollar 2.29% 2.15% - 2.42% 5.91%
Euro — — 2.45%
US dollar 2.78% 2.61% - 2.94% 5.97%
2017
Interest rate Possible Volatility
31 December 20171 interest rate2 of rates in %
Brazilian real 6.90% 5.29% - 8.50% 23.27%
Canadian dollar 1.54% 1.38% - 1.71% 10.72%
Euro — — 3.50%
South African rand 7.16% 6.88% - 7.43% 3.84%
US dollar 1.69% 1.59% - 1.80% 6.00%
When AB InBev applies the reasonably possible increase/decrease in the market interest rates mentioned above on its floating rate debt at 31 December
2018, with all other variables held constant, 2018 interest expense would have been 8m US dollar higher/lower (2017: 12m US dollar; 2016: 23m US
dollar). This effect would be more than offset by (60m) US dollar higher/lower interest income on AB InBev’s interest-bearing financial assets (2017:
(81)m US dollar; (53)m US dollar).
Interest expense
Interest expense recognized on unhedged and hedged financial liabilities are as follows:
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Million US dollar 2018 2017
Aluminum swaps 1 670 1 412
Exchange traded sugar futures 62 87
Natural gas and energy derivatives 313 211
Corn swaps 196 223
Exchange traded wheat futures 424 509
Rice swaps 194 221
Plastic derivatives 84 91
2 943 2 754
The table below shows the estimated impact that changes in the price of the commodities, for which AB InBev held material derivative exposures at
31 December 2018, would have on the equity reserves.
2018
Pre-tax impact on equity
Volatility of Prices Prices
Million US dollar prices in %1 increase decrease
Aluminum 22.16% 370 (370)
Sugar 29.60% 18 (18)
Wheat 29.31% 124 (124)
Energy 23.83% 74 (74)
Rice 22.08% 43 (43)
Corn 23.85% 47 (47)
Plastic 20.54% 17 (17)
2017
Pre-tax impact on equity
Volatility of Prices Prices
Million US dollar prices in %2 increase decrease
Aluminum 14.83% 212 (212)
Sugar 29.38% 26 (26)
Wheat 30.99% 158 (158)
Energy 20.37% 43 (43)
Rice 20.20% 45 (45)
Corn 24.81% 45 (45)
Plastic 17.50% 15 (15)
As of 31 December 2018, an exposure for an equivalent of 92.4m of AB InBev shares was hedged, resulting in a total loss of 3.5 billion US dollar
recognized in the profit or loss account for the period, of which 1.8 billion US dollar related to the company’s share-based payment programs, 873m US
dollar and 849m US dollar related to the Modelo and SAB transactions, respectively.
Between 2012 and 2018, AB InBev reset certain equity derivatives to market price with counterparties. This resulted in a net cash inflow of 2.9 billion
US dollar between 2012 and 2018 and, accordingly, a decrease of counterparty risk.
CREDIT RISK
Credit risk encompasses all forms of counterparty exposure, i.e. where counterparties may default on their obligations to AB InBev in relation to
lending, hedging, settlement and other financial activities. The company has a credit policy in place and the exposure to counterparty credit risk is
monitored.
1 Sensitivity analysis is assessed based on the yearly volatility using daily observable market data during 250 days at 31 December 2018.
2 Sensitivity analysis is assessed based on the yearly volatility using daily observable market data during 250 days at 31 December 2017.
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AB InBev mitigates its exposure through a variety of mechanisms. It has established minimum counterparty credit ratings and enters into transactions
only with financial institutions of investment grade rating. The company monitors counterparty credit exposures closely and reviews any external
downgrade in credit rating immediately. To mitigate pre-settlement risk, counterparty minimum credit standards become more stringent with increases
in the duration of the derivatives. To minimize the concentration of counterparty credit risk, the company enters into derivative transactions with
different financial institutions.
The company also has master netting agreements with all of the financial institutions that are counterparties to over the counter (OTC) derivatives.
These agreements allow for the net settlement of assets and liabilities arising from different transactions with the same counterparty. Based on these
factors, AB InBev considers the impact of the risk of counterparty default as at 31 December 2018 to be limited.
2018 2017
Net carrying Net carrying
Million US dollar Gross Impairment amount Gross Impairment amount
Investment in unquoted companies 91 (7) 84 83 (7) 76
Investment in debt securities 111 — 111 1 328 — 1 328
Trade receivables 4 400 (160) 4 240 4 917 (194) 4 723
Cash deposits for guarantees 197 — 197 209 — 209
Loans to customers 188 — 188 179 — 179
Other receivables 2 359 (106) 2 253 2 326 (117) 2 209
Derivatives 307 — 307 483 — 483
Cash and cash equivalents 7 074 — 7 074 10 472 — 10 472
14 727 (273) 14 454 19 997 (318) 19 679
There was no significant concentration of credit risks with any single counterparty per 31 December 2018 and no single customer represented more than
10% of the total revenue of the group in 2018.
Impairment losses
The allowance for impairment recognized during the period per classes of financial assets was as follows:
2018
Loans to Other
Million US dollar Trade receivables customers FVOCI receivables Total
Balance at 1 January (194) — (7) (117) (318)
Impairment losses (40) — — (3) (43)
Derecognition 29 — — 6 35
Currency translation and other 44 — — 9 53
Balance at 31 December (160) — (7) (106) (273)
2017
Loans to Other
Million US dollar Trade receivables customers FVOCI receivables Total
Balance at 1 January (202) — (7) (109) (318)
Impairment losses (55) — — (4) (59)
Derecognition 53 — — 1 54
Currency translation and other 10 — — (5) 5
Balance at 31 December (194) — (7) (117) (318)
2016
Loans to Other
Million US dollar Trade receivables customers FVOCI receivables Total
Balance at 1 January (230) — (9) (99) (338)
Impairment losses (43) — — — (43)
Derecognition 69 — — 2 71
Currency translation and other 2 — 2 (12) (8)
Balance at 31 December (202) — (7) (109) (318)
LIQUIDITY RISK
Historically, AB InBev’s primary sources of cash flow have been cash flows from operating activities, the issuance of debt, bank borrowings and equity
securities. AB InBev’s material cash requirements have included the following:
• Debt servicing;
• Capital expenditures;
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• Investments in companies;
• Increases in ownership of AB InBev’s subsidiaries or companies in which it holds equity investments;
• Share buyback programs; and
• Payments of dividends and interest on shareholders’ equity.
The company believes that cash flows from operating activities, available cash and cash equivalents as well as short term investments, along with
related derivatives and access to borrowing facilities, will be sufficient to fund capital expenditures, financial instrument liabilities and dividend
payments going forward. It is the intention of the company to continue to reduce its financial indebtedness through a combination of strong operating
cash flow generation and continued refinancing.
The following are the nominal contractual maturities of non-derivative financial liabilities including interest payments and derivative financial assets
and liabilities:
31 December 2018
Carrying Contractual Less than More than
Million US dollar amount1 cash flows 1 year 1-2 years 2-3 years 3-5 years 5 years
Non-derivative financial liabilities
Secured bank loans (479) (496) (383) (39) (15) (27) (31)
Commercial papers (1 142) (1 142) (1 142) — — — —
Unsecured bank loans (108) (135) (33) (6) (96) — —
Unsecured bond issues (107 796) (165 979) (6 410) (9 146) (11 636) (23 672) (115 115)
Unsecured other loans (71) (110) (19) (22) (12) (12) (44)
Finance lease liabilities (204) (316) (62) (37) (33) (33) (151)
Bank overdraft (114) (114) (114) — — — —
Trade and other payables (24 345) (24 722) (22 557) (260) (1 060) (333) (513)
(134 258) (193 014) (30 720) (9 510) (12 852) (24 077) (115 855)
Derivative financial assets/(liabilities)
Interest rate derivatives (84) (86) (39) (19) (8) 11 (31)
Foreign exchange derivatives (391) (401) (419) 18 — — —
Cross currency interest rate swaps (456) (457) (13) 113 129 (595) (90)
Commodity derivatives (225) (225) (222) (3) — — —
Equity derivatives (4 877) (4 877) (4 877) — — — —
(6 033) (6 046) (5 570) 109 121 (584) (121)
Of which: related to cash flow hedges (293) (303) (233) 17 2 2 (90)
31 December 2017
Carrying Contractual Less than More than
Million US dollar amount cash flows 1 year 1-2 years 2-3 years 3-5 years 5 years
Non-derivative financial liabilities
Secured bank loans (502) (590) (318) (137) (23) (42) (70)
Commercial papers (1 870) (1 871) (1 871) — — — —
Unsecured bank loans (892) (927) (761) (129) (37) — —
Unsecured bond issues (112 837) (167 056) (8 951) (13 951) (12 908) (24 655) (106 591)
Unsecured other loans (68) (114) (17) (23) (13) (7) (54)
Finance lease liabilities (213) (301) (42) (42) (32) (40) (145)
Bank overdraft (117) (117) (117) — — — —
Trade and other payables (26 167) (26 628) (24 756) (476) (207) (289) (900)
(142 666) (197 604) (36 833) (14 758) (13 220) (25 033) (107 760)
Derivative financial assets/(liabilities)
Interest rate derivatives (96) (101) (9) (21) (14) 16 (73)
Foreign exchange derivatives (61) (52) (59) 7 — — —
Cross currency interest rate swaps (897) (1 043) 65 (128) 114 (904) (190)
Commodity derivatives 179 143 139 4 — — —
Equity derivatives (1 036) (1 134) (1 134) — — — —
(1 911) (2 187) (998) (138) 100 (888) (263)
Of which: related to cash flow hedges (20) (29) 64 5 2 4 (104)
CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
AB InBev continuously optimizes its capital structure to maximize shareholder value while keeping the financial flexibility to execute the strategic
projects. AB InBev’s capital structure policy and framework aims to optimize shareholder value through cash flow distribution to the company from its
subsidiaries, while maintaining an investment-grade rating and minimizing investments with returns below AB InBev’s weighted average cost of
capital. Besides the statutory minimum equity funding requirements that apply to the company’s subsidiaries in the different countries, AB InBev is not
subject to any externally imposed capital requirements. The management uses the same debt/equity classifications as applied in the company’s IFRS
reporting to analyze the capital structure.
1 “Carrying amount” refers to net book value as recognized in the balance sheet at each reporting date.
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FAIR VALUE
The following table summarizes for each type of derivative the fair values recognized as assets or liabilities in the balance sheet:
The following table summarizes the carrying amount and the fair value of the fixed rate interest-bearing financial liabilities as recognized at the balance
sheet. Floating rate interest-bearing financial liabilities, trade and other receivables and trade and other payables, including derivatives financial
instruments, have been excluded from the analysis as their carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of their fair value:
The table sets out the fair value hierarchy based on the degree to which significant market inputs are observable:
Fair value hierarchy 31 December 2018 Quoted (unadjusted) Observable market Unobservable market
Million US dollar prices - level 1 inputs - level 2 inputs - level 3
Financial Assets
Held for trading (non-derivatives) 3 9 —
Derivatives at fair value through profit and
loss — 67 —
Derivatives in a cash flow hedge
relationship 7 225 —
Derivatives in a fair value hedge
relationship — 33 —
Derivatives in a net investment hedge
relationship — 14 —
10 348 —
Financial Liabilities
Deferred consideration on acquisitions at
fair value — — 1 409
Derivatives at fair value through profit and
loss — 5 699 —
Derivatives in a cash flow hedge
relationship 18 507 —
Derivatives in a fair value hedge
relationship — 125 —
Derivatives in a net investment hedge
relationship — 31 —
18 6 362 1 409
1 “Carrying amount” refers to net book value as recognized in the balance sheet at each reporting date.
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Fair value hierarchy 31 December 2017 Quoted (unadjusted) Observable market Unobservable market
Million US dollar prices - level 1 inputs - level 2 inputs - level 3
Financial Assets
Held for trading (non-derivatives) 1 304 5 —
Derivatives at fair value through profit and
loss — 89 —
Derivatives in a cash flow hedge relationship 9 340 —
Derivatives in a fair value hedge relationship — 36 —
Derivatives in a net investment hedge
relationship — 9 —
1 313 479 —
Financial Liabilities
Deferred consideration on acquisitions at fair
value — — 2 210
Derivatives at fair value through profit and
loss 1 1 210 —
Derivatives in a cash flow hedge relationship 28 341 —
Derivatives in a fair value hedge relationship — 129 —
Derivatives in a net investment hedge
relationship — 685 —
29 2 365 2 210
HEDGING RESERVES
The company’s hedging reserves disclosed in note 23 relate to the following instruments:
Total hedging
Million US dollar Foreign currency Interest rate Commodities Others reserves
As per 1 January 2018 559 — (20) 47 586
Change in fair value of hedging instrument recognized in OCI 262 — 97 — 358
Reclassified to profit or loss / cost of inventory (341) — (137) 26 (452)
Deferred tax — — — 2 2
As per 31 December 2018 480 — (60) 76 494
Total hedging
Million US dollar Foreign currency Interest rate Commodities Others reserves
As per 1 January 2017 540 — 204 — 744
Change in fair value of hedging instrument recognized in OCI (61) — (22) — (83)
Reclassified to profit or loss / cost of inventory 80 — (202) 47 (75)
Deferred tax — — — — —
As per 31 December 2017 559 — (20) 47 586
31 December 2018
Net amount
recognized in the
Gross statement of Other offsetting
Million US dollar amount financial position1 agreements2 Total net amount
Derivative assets 307 307 (293) 13
Derivative liabilities (6 340) (6 340) 293 (6 046)
1 Net amount recognized in the statement of financial position after taking into account offsetting agreements that meet the offsetting criteria as per
IFRS rules
2 Other offsetting agreements include collateral and other guarantee instruments, as well as offsetting agreements that do not meet the offsetting
criteria as per IFRS rules
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31 December 2017
Net amount
recognized in the
Gross statement of Other offsetting
Million US dollar amount financial position1 agreements2 Total net amount
Derivative assets 483 483 (466) 17
Derivative liabilities (2 394) (2 394) 466 (1 928)
2018
Million US dollar Lessee Sublease Lessor Net lease obligations
Within one year (475) 149 3 (323)
Between one and five years (1 237) 451 9 (777)
After five years (771) 211 6 (554)
Total (2 483) 811 18 (1 654)
2017
Million US dollar Lessee Sublease Lessor Net lease obligations
Within one year (210) 127 2 (181)
Between one and five years (1 009) 425 7 (577)
After five years (781) 211 4 (566)
Total (2 100) 763 13 (1 324)
Following the sale of Dutch and Belgian pub real estate to Cofinimmo in October 2007, AB InBev entered into lease agreements of 27 years. These
operating leases mature in November 2034 and are subleased for an average outstanding period of 6 to 8 years. These leases can be subject to renewal
after their expiration date. The impact of such renewal is not reported in the table above.
Furthermore, the company leases a number of warehouses, trucks, factory facilities and other commercial buildings under operating leases. The leases
typically run for a period of five to ten years. Lease payments are increased annually to reflect market rentals, if applicable. None of the leases include
contingent rentals.
The operating leases listed above represent an undiscounted obligation of 2 483m US dollar. Also, the company has sublet some of the leased pubs and
properties, representing an undiscounted right of 811m US dollar.
In 2018, 512m US dollar was recognized as an expense in the income statement in respect of operating leases where the company is the lessee (2017:
471m US dollar; 2016: 272m US dollar), while 133m US dollar was recognized as income in the income statement in respect of subleases (2017: 128m
US dollar; 2016: 117m US dollar).
The company also leases out part of its own property under operating leases. In 2018, 3m US dollar was recognized as income in the income statement
in respect of operating leases as lessor (2017: 4m US dollar; 2016: 10m US dollar).
31. Collateral and contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment, loans to customers and other
The collateral given for own liabilities of 404m US dollar at 31 December 2018 contains 197m US dollar cash guarantees. Such cash deposits are a
customary feature associated with litigations in Brazil: in accordance with Brazilian laws and regulations a company may or must (depending on the
circumstances) place a deposit with a bank designated by the court or provide other security such as collateral on property, plant and equipment. With
regard to judicial cases, AB InBev has made the appropriate provisions in accordance with IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent
Assets – see also Note 27 Provisions. In the company’s balance sheet the cash guarantees are presented as part of other receivables – see Note 20 Trade
and other receivables. The remaining part of collateral given for own liabilities (204m US dollar) contains collateral on AB InBev’s property in favor of
the excise tax authorities, the amount of which is determined by the level of the monthly excise taxes due, inventory levels and transportation risk, and
collateral on its property, plant and equipment with regard to outstanding loans. To the extent that AB InBev would not respect its obligations under the
related outstanding contracts or would lose the pending judicial cases, the collateralized assets would be used to settle AB InBev’s obligations.
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To keep AB InBev’s credit risk with regard to receivables and loans to customers as low as possible collateral and other credit enhancements were
obtained for a total amount of 335m US dollar at 31 December 2018. Collateral is held on both real estate and debt securities while financial guarantees
are obtained from banks and other third parties.
AB InBev has entered into commitments to purchase property, plant and equipment for an amount of 416m US dollar at 31 December 2018.
In a limited number of countries AB InBev has committed itself to acquire loans to customers from banks at their notional amount if the customers do
not respect their reimbursement commitments towards the banks. The total outstanding amount of such loans is 171m US dollar at 31 December 2018.
Other commitments amount to 1 973m US dollar at 31 December 2018 and mainly cover guarantees given to pension funds, rental and other guarantees.
In order to fulfil AB InBev’s commitments under various outstanding stock option plans, AB InBev entered into stock lending arrangements for up to
20 million of its own ordinary shares. AB InBev shall pay any dividend equivalent, after tax in respect of the loaned securities. This payment will be
reported through equity as dividend. As of 31 December 2018, 20 million loaned securities were used to fulfil stock option plan commitments.
32. Contingencies1
The company has contingencies for which, in the opinion of management and its legal counsel, the risk of loss is possible but not probable and therefore
no provisions have been recorded. Due to their nature, such legal proceedings and tax matters involve inherent uncertainties including, but not limited
to, court rulings, negotiations between affected parties and governmental actions, and as a consequence AB InBev management cannot at this stage
estimate the likely timing of resolution of these matters. The most significant contingencies are discussed below.
In December 2011, Ambev received a tax assessment related to the goodwill amortization resulting from the InBev Holding Brasil S.A. merger with
Ambev. The final decision rendered by the Lower Administrative Court was partially favorable to Ambev. Subsequently, Ambev filed a judicial
proceeding to discuss the unfavorable part and requested a motion of injunction, which was granted to Ambev. The favorable portion to Ambev, will be
reexamined by the Administrative Upper House. In June 2016, Ambev received a new tax assessment charging the remaining value of the goodwill
amortization and filed a defense. In March 2017, Ambev was notified of a partially favorable first level administrative decision and filed an appeal to
the Lower Administrative Court. In May 2018, Ambev received a partially favorable decision at the Lower Administrative Court and is currently
waiting to be notified of the decision to analyze possible appeals. Ambev management estimates possible losses in relation to these assessments to be
approximately 9.3 billion Brazilian real (2.4 billion US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. In the event Ambev is required to pay these amounts, AB InBev
will reimburse the amount proportional to the benefit received by AB InBev pursuant to the merger protocol, as well as the related costs.
In October 2013, Ambev received a tax assessment related to the goodwill amortization resulting from the merger of Beverage Associates Holding
Limited (“BAH”) into Ambev. The decision from the first level administrative Court was unfavorable to Ambev. After considering a motion to clarify
by Ambev, the unfavorable decision was confirmed and Ambev filed an appeal to the Lower Administrative Court. In November 2018, Ambev received
a partially favorable decision at the Lower Administrative Court and is currently waiting to be formally notified of the decision to analyze possible
appeals. In April and August 2018, Ambev received new tax assessments charging the remaining value of the goodwill amortization and filed defenses,
which are currently pending analysis by the first administrative level. Ambev management estimates the amount of possible losses in relation to this
assessment to be approximately 2.1 billion Brazilian real (0.5 billion US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in
connection therewith.
In November 2017, Ambev received a tax assessment related to the goodwill amortization resulting from the merger of CND Holdings into Ambev.
Ambev filed a defense in December 2017. In November 2018, Ambev received an unfavorable decision from the first administrative level and filled an
appeal to the Lower Administrative Court, which is currently pending. Ambev management estimates the amount of possible losses in relation to this
assessment to be approximately 1.1 billion Brazilian real (0.3 billion US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in
connection therewith.
Ambev and certain of its subsidiaries received a number of assessments from Brazilian federal tax authorities relating to the offset of tax loss carry
forward arising in the context of business combinations. In February 2016, the Administrative Upper House ruled unfavorably to Ambev in two such
cases. Ambev filed judicial proceedings to discuss the matter. In September 2016, Ambev received a favorable first level decision in one of the judicial
claims. In March 2017, Ambev received an unfavorable first level decision in another case and filed an appeal to the judicial Court. Both cases are
awaiting analysis by the judicial Court. Ambev management estimates the total exposures of possible loss in relation to these assessments to be
approximately 0.5 billion Brazilian real (0.1 billion US dollar) as of 31 December 2018.
In December 2015 and 2016, Ambev received tax assessments related to the disallowance of alleged non-deductible expenses and the deduction of
certain losses mainly associated to financial investments and loans. Ambev presented defenses, which are pending review by the first administrative
level. Ambev management estimates the amount of possible loss in relation to those assessments to be approximately 4.6 billion Brazilian real (1.2
billion US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection with these assessments.
Since 2014, Ambev has been receiving tax assessments from the Brazilian Federal Tax Authorities related to the disallowance of deductions associated
with alleged unproven taxes paid abroad, for which the decision from the Administrative Upper House is still pending. In September 2017, Ambev
decided to include part of those tax assessments in the Brazilian Federal Tax Regularization Program of the Provisional Measure No 783. In June 2018,
Ambev was notified of a favorable first administrative level decision cancelling four of these assessments (offsets of 2015 and 2016). However, in
August and September 2018, the Brazilian Federal Revenue Service issued new decisions reestablishing these assessments and issued new tax
assessments related to these matters. As of 31 December 2018, Ambev management estimates the exposure of approximately 9.5 billion Brazilian real
(2.5 billion US dollar) as a possible risk, and accordingly has not recorded a provision for such amount.
In April 2016, Arosuco (a subsidiary of Ambev) received a tax assessment regarding the use of the “presumed profit” method for the calculation of
income tax and the social contribution on net profit instead of the “real profit” method. In September 2017, Arosuco received the unfavorable first level
administrative decision and filed an appeal to the Lower Administrative Court. Arosuco management estimates the amount of possible losses in relation
to this assessment to be approximately 0.6 billion Brazilian real (0.2 billion US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. Arosuco has not recorded any provision
in connection therewith.
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ICMS VALUE ADDED TAX, IPI EXCISE TAX AND TAXES ON NET SALES
In Brazil, goods manufactured within the Manaus Free Trade Zone intended for remittance elsewhere in Brazil are exempt from IPI excise tax. There is
discussion on whether the acquisition of such benefited goods gives rise to the right of IPI excise tax credits by the relevant acquirers. Ambev’s
subsidiaries have been registering IPI excise tax presumed credits upon the acquisition of exempted goods manufactured therein and are discussing the
matter at the courts. Since 2009, Ambev has been receiving a number of tax assessments from the Brazilian Federal Tax Authorities relating to the
disallowance of such presumed IPI excise tax credits and other IPI excise tax credits, which are under discussion before the Brazilian Supreme Court,
with a trial expected to occur in April 2019. Ambev management estimates the possible loss related to these assessments to be approximately 3.8 billion
Brazilian real (1.0 billion US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection therewith.
Over the years, Ambev has also received tax assessments from the Brazilian Federal Tax Authorities charging federal taxes allegedly unduly offset with
the disallowed presumed IPI excise tax credits which are under discussion in the abovementioned proceedings. Ambev is challenging these charges
before the courts. Ambev management estimates the possible loss related to these assessments to be approximately 1.1 billion Brazilian real (0.3 billion
US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection therewith.
In 2014 and 2015, Ambev received tax assessments from the Brazilian Federal Tax Authorities to charge the IPI excise tax, supposedly due over
remittances of manufactured goods to related factories. The cases are being challenged at both the administrative and judicial levels of the courts.
Ambev management estimates the possible loss related to these assessments to be approximately 1.6 billion Brazilian real (0.4 billion US dollar) as of
31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection therewith.
Ambev is currently challenging tax assessments issued by the States of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and other States questioning the legality
of ICMS tax credits arising from transactions with companies that have tax incentives. The cases are being challenged at both the administrative and
judicial level of the courts. Ambev management estimates the possible losses related to these assessments to be approximately 2.1 billion Brazilian real
(0.5 billion US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has not recorded any provision in connection therewith.
In 2013, 2014 and 2015, Ambev was assessed by the States of Pará, and Piauí to charge the ICMS supposedly due with respect to unconditional
discounts granted by Ambev. The cases are being challenged at both the administrative and judicial level of the courts. Ambev management estimates
the possible loss involved in these proceedings to be approximately 0.6 billion Brazilian real (0.2 billion US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has
not recorded any provision in connection therewith.
Over the years, Ambev has received tax assessments to charge supposed ICMS differences considered due when the price of the products sold by
Ambev is above the fixed price table basis established by the relevant States, cases in which the State tax authorities understand that the calculation
basis should be based on a value-added percentage over the actual prices and not the fixed table price. Ambev is currently challenging those charges
before the courts. Among other similar cases, Ambev received three assessments issued by the State of Minas Gerais in the original amount of 1.4
billion Brazilian real (0.4 billion US dollar). In the first quarter of 2018, the Upper House of the Administrative Tax Court of the State of Minas Gerais
ruled unfavorably to Ambev on these three cases. The State of Minas Gerais filed tax foreclosures to charge the amounts discussed in these three cases
and Ambev filed defenses with the judicial courts. In 2017, Ambev received assessments from the State of Rio de Janeiro in the original amount of 0.9
billion Brazilian real (0.2 billion US dollar). Ambev presented appeals against such tax assessments and now awaits the decision by the Tax
Administrative Court. Ambev management estimates the total possible loss related to this issue to be approximately 7.7 billion Brazilian real (2.0 billion
US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has recorded provisions in the total amount of 8m Brazilian real (2m US dollar) in relation to certain
proceedings for which it considers the chances of loss to be probable due to specific procedural issues.
In 2015, Ambev received a tax assessment issued by the State of Pernambuco to charge ICMS differences due to an alleged non-compliance with the
State tax incentive Agreement (“PRODEPE”) as a result of the rectification of its monthly reports. The State tax authorities understood that Ambev was
not able to use the incentive due to this rectification. In 2017, Ambev had a final favorable decision in the sense that such assessment was null due to
formal mistakes of the tax auditor. However, in September 2018, Ambev received a new tax assessment to discuss the same matter. There are other
assessments related to this same tax incentive agreement. Ambev management estimates the possible losses related to this issue to be approximately 0.6
billion Brazilian real (0.2 billion US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. Ambev has recorded a provision in the total amount of 3m Brazilian real (1m US
dollar) in relation to one proceeding it considers the chances of loss to be partially probable.
SOCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Ambev received some tax assessments issued by the Brazilian Federal Tax Authorities relating to amounts allegedly due under Integration Program /
Social Security Financing Levy (PIS/COFINS) over bonus products granted to its customers. The cases are being challenged at both the administrative
and judicial levels of the Courts. Ambev management estimates the possible loss related to these assessments to be approximately 4.0 billion Brazilian
real (1.0 billion US dollar) as of 31 December 2018. No related provision has been made.
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In addition, the Belgian tax authorities have also questioned the validity and the actual application of the excess profit ruling that was issued in favor of
AB InBev and have refused the actual tax exemption which it confers. Against such decision AB InBev has filed a court claim before the Brussels court
of first instance. Also in respect of this aspect of the excess profit ruling matter, considering the company’s and its counsel assessment, as well as the
position taken by the tax authorities’ mediation services, in respect of the merits of the case, AB InBev has not recorded any provisions as of
31 December 2018.
On 24 January 2019, AB InBev deposited 68m EUR on a blocked account. Depending on the final outcome of the European Court procedures on the
Belgian excess profit ruling system, as well as the pending Belgian court case, this amount will either be slightly modified, or released back to the
company or paid over to the Belgian State.
On 14 February 2019, the European General Court concluded that the Belgian excess profit ruling system does not constitute illegal state aid. The
European Commission can appeal the judgment of the General Court.
WARRANTS
Certain holders of warrants issued by Ambev in 1996 for exercise in 2003 proposed lawsuits to subscribe correspondent shares for an amount lower than
Ambev considers as established upon the warrant issuance. In case Ambev loses the totality of these lawsuits, the issuance of 172,831,574 shares would
be necessary. Ambev would receive in consideration funds that are materially lower than the current market value. This could result in a dilution of
about 1% to all Ambev shareholders. Furthermore, the holders of these warrants are claiming that they should receive the dividends relative to these
shares since 2003, approximately 0.9 billion Brazilian real (0.2 billion US dollar) in addition to legal fees. Ambev disputes these claims and intends to
continue to vigorously defend its case. Five of the six lawsuits were ruled favorable to Ambev by the Superior Court of Justice (STJ). Two of them
during the year of 2017. All of these five cases are pending final judgment by STJ’s Special Court. In November 2017, the Federal Public Prosecutor
filled a motion favorable to Ambev’s position in one of the cases. Considering all of these facts, the company and its external counsels strongly believe
that the chance of loss in these cases is remote.
ANTITRUST MATTERS
On 12 December 2014, a lawsuit was commenced in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice against the Liquor Control Board of Ontario, Brewers Retail
Inc. (known as The Beer Store or “TBS”) and the owners of Brewers Retail Inc. (Molson Coors Canada, Sleeman Breweries Ltd. and Labatt Breweries
of Canada LP). The lawsuit was brought in Canada pursuant to the Ontario Class Proceedings Act, and sought, among other things: (i) to obtain a
declaration that the defendants conspired with each other to allocate markets for the supply of beer sold in Ontario since 1 June 2000; (ii) to obtain a
declaration that Brewers Retail Inc. and the owners of Brewers Retail Inc. conspired to fix, increase and/or maintain prices charged to Ontario licensees
(on-trade) for beer and the fees charged by TBS to other competitive brewers who wished to sell their products through TBS and (iii) damages for unjust
enrichment. As part of this third allegation, the plaintiffs allege illegal trade practices by the owners of Brewers Retail Inc. They are seeking damages
not exceeding 1.4 billion Canadian dollar (1.0 billion US dollar), as well as, punitive, exemplary and aggravated damages of 5m Canadian dollar (4m
US dollar) and changes/repeals of the affected legislation. In March 2018, the court granted summary judgment and dismissed the class claims. The
plaintiffs have appealed. The company has not recorded any provision in connection therewith.
In 2016, the European Commission announced an investigation into alleged abuse of a dominant position by AB InBev in Belgium through certain
practices aimed at restricting trade from other European Union member states to Belgium. In connection with these ongoing proceedings, AB InBev
made a provision of 230m US dollar.
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33. Non-controlling interests
As of 31 December 2018 and 2017, material non-controlling interests relate to Ambev, a Brazilian listed subsidiary in which AB InBev has 62%
ownership. The tables below provide summarized information of Ambev’s audited consolidated financial statements as of as of 31 December 2018 and
2017, in accordance with IFRS.
Summarized financial information of Ambev, in which the company has material non-controlling interests, is as follows:
31 December 31 December
Million US dollar 2018 2017
Summarized balance sheet information
Current assets 6 537 7 472
Non-current assets 17 755 18 783
Current liabilities 6 408 8 672
Non-current liabilities 3 032 3 078
Equity attributable to equity holders 14 540 13 908
Non-controlling interests 312 597
Dividends paid by Ambev to non-controlling interests (i.e. to entities outside the AB InBev Group) amounted to 0.8 billion US dollar, 1.1 billion US
dollar and 1.2 billion US dollar for 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Other non-controlling interests not deemed individually material by the company mainly related to the company’s operations in Africa in association
with the Castel Group (e.g., Botswana, Ghana, Mozambique, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia), as well as non-controlling interests recognized in
respect of the company’s subsidiaries in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
F-72
2018 2017 2016
Executive Board Executive Board Executive Board
Million US dollar Directors of Management Directors of Management Directors of Management
Short-term employee benefits 2 27 2 28 2 18
Post-employment benefits — — — 1 — —
Share-based payments — 24 3 68 3 64
2 52 5 97 5 82
The issuances or exchanges of securities described below are related to securities issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. or Anheuser-Busch
InBev Finance Inc., and in each case fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (the “Parent Guarantor”). Each such
security is also jointly and severally guaranteed by Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC, Brandbrew S.A., Brandbev S.à r.l. and Cobrew NV (the “Other
Subsidiary Guarantors”), and by Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. (in respect of debt issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc.) and by
Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc. (in respect of debt issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc.). The following notes issued by Anheuser-
Busch Worldwide Inc. and Anheuser-Busch Finance Inc. and registered with the SEC were outstanding as of 31 December 2018:
• On 6 January 2010, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. issued 0.5 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due
2040. The notes bear interest at an annual rate of 6.375% and will mature on 15 January 2040. The issuance closed on 5 February 2010. In
connection with bond exchange on 6 April and 19 April 2017, 51.12% of the principal of the 2040 note was exchanged. The remaining
principal of the note amounts to 0.24 billion US dollar.
• On 24 January 2011, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. issued 0.5 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due
2021. The notes bear interest at an annual rate of 4.375% and will mature on 15 February 2021. The issuance closed on 27 January 2011.
F-73
• On 14 March 2011, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. completed an exchange offer for the following series of unregistered notes
(i) 1.25 billion US dollar principal amount of 8.2% notes due 2039 and (ii) 1.0 billion US dollar principal amount of 6.875% notes due 2019
and (iii) 0.45 billion US dollar principal amount of 8.0 % notes due 2039. In connection with the exchange offer, Anheuser-Busch InBev
Worldwide Inc. issued freely tradable, SEC-registered with otherwise substantially the same terms and conditions.
• On 16 July 2012, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. issued 3.0 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due
2022 and 1.0 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due 2042. The notes bear interest at an annual rate of 2.500%
for the 2022 notes and 3.750% for the 2042 notes.
• On 17 January 2013, Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc. issued 1.25 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due
2023 and 0.75 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due 2043. The notes bear interest at an annual rate of 2.625%
for the 2023 notes and 4.000% for the 2043 notes.
• On 27 January 2014, Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc. issued 5.25 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of bonds, consisting of;
250m US dollar aggregate principal amount of floating rate notes due 2019; 1.4 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate
notes due 2024; and 850m US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due 2044. The fixed rate notes bear interest at an annual
rate of 3.700% for the 2024 notes; and 4.625% for the 2044 notes. The floating rate notes bear interest at an annual rate of 40.00 basis points
above three-month LIBOR.
• On 23 July 2015, Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc. issued 565 million US dollar aggregated principal amount of fixed rate notes due
2045. The notes bear interest at an annual rate of 4.60%.
• On 25 January 2016, Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc. issued 46.0 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of bonds, consisting of
7.5 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due 2021; 6.0 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate
notes due 2023; 11.0 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due 20261; 6.0 billion US dollar aggregate principal
amount of fixed rate notes due 20361; 11.0 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate notes due 20461; and 500m US dollar
aggregate principal amount of floating rate notes due 2021. The fixed rate notes will bear interest at an annual rate of 2.650% for the 2021
notes; 3.300% for the 2023 notes; 3.650% for the 2026 notes; 4.700% for the 2036 notes and 4.900% for the 2046 notes. The 2021 floating
rate notes bear interest at an annual rate of 126.00 basis points above three-month LIBOR.
• On 29 January 2016, Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc. issued 1.47 billion US dollar aggregated principal amount of fixed rate notes due
2046. The notes bear interest at an annual rate of 4.915%.
• On 16 December 2016, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. completed an exchange offer for up to 6.8 billion US dollar aggregate
principal amount of certain SAB Group notes, in connection with which Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. issued (i) 309 million US
dollar aggregate principal amount of floating rate notes due 2018; (ii) 641 million US dollar aggregate principal amount of 2.200% fixed
rate notes due 2018; (iii) 2.35 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of 3.750% fixed rates due 2022; (iv) 298 million US dollar
aggregate principal amount of 6.625% fixed rate notes due 2033; (v) 300 million US dollar aggregate principal amount of 5.875% fixed rate
notes due 2035; and (vi) 1.49 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of 4.950% fixed rate notes due 2042. The floating rate notes bear
interest at an annual rate of 69.00 basis points above three-month LIBOR.
• On 6 April and 19 April 2017, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. completed U.S. private exchange offers for certain outstanding notes
issued by either Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC or Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. in exchange for a combination of new
Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. Notes due 2048 and cash. The new notes have 1,735,171,000 US dollar aggregate principal amount
outstanding, mature on 6 October 2048 and bear interest at a rate per annum of 4.439%2.
• On 21 August 2017, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. completed an exchange offer for the unregistered 1,735,171,000 US dollar
principal amount of 4.439% notes due 2048. In connection with the exchange offer, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. issued freely
tradable, SEC-registered notes with otherwise substantially the same terms and conditions.
• On 4 April 2018, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. completed an exchange offer for up to 10.0 billion US dollar aggregate principal
amount of certain bonds and issued (i) 1.5 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of 3.500% fixed rate notes due 2024; (ii) 2.5 billion
US dollar aggregate principal amount of 4.000% fixed rate notes due 2028; (iii) 1.5 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of 4.375%
fixed rates due 2038; (iv) 2.5 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of 4.600% fixed rate notes due 2048; (v) 1.5 billion US dollar
aggregate principal amount of 4.750% fixed rate notes due 2058; and (vi) 500 million US dollar aggregate principal of floating rate notes
due 2024. The floating rate notes bear interest at an annual rate of 74.00 basis points above three-month LIBOR.
1 These notes were exchanged on 26 November 2018 by notes co-issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. and Anheuser-Busch
Companies, LLC.
2 In accordance to IFRS 9, on the transition date the difference between the new carry amount and old carry amount was booked in the Retained
Earnings. See also Note 16 Interest-bearing loans and borrowings.
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• On 26 November 2018, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. and Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC completed an exchange offer for
certain notes originally issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc on 25 January 2016. The aggregate principal amount accepted for
offer are (i) 9.5 billion US dollar of 4.900% fixed rate notes due 2046; 5.4 billion US dollar of 4.700% fixed rate notes due 2036; and 8.6
billion US dollar of 3.650% fixed rate notes due 2026.
The following condensed consolidated financial information presents the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of 31 December
2018 and 31 December 2017, the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the period
ended 31 December 2018 and 2017 of (a) Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, (b) Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. (guarantor of notes issued by
Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc.), (c) Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc. (guarantor of notes issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. and
notes co-issued by Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC and Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc.), (d) Anheuser Busch Companies, LLC (guarantor of
notes issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc. and notes issued by Anheuser-Busch InBev Finance Inc.), (e) the Other Subsidiary Guarantors,
(f) the non-guarantor subsidiaries, (g) elimination entries necessary to consolidate the Parent with the issuer, the guarantor subsidiaries and the non-
guarantor subsidiaries; and (h) the Company on a consolidated basis. Investments in consolidated subsidiaries are presented under the equity method of
accounting.
Separate financial statements and other disclosures with respect to the guarantor subsidiaries have not been provided as management believes the
following information is sufficient, as the guarantor subsidiaries are 100% owned by the Parent and all guarantees are full and unconditional, except for
certain customary release provisions, including: (1) the sale or disposal of all or substantially all of the assets of a guarantor subsidiary; (2) the sale or
other disposition of the capital stock of a guarantor subsidiary; (3) the contemporaneous release of substantially all of a guarantor subsidiary’s
guarantees of other indebtedness for which such guarantor subsidiary also provides a guarantee; and (4) if a guarantor subsidiary would be required to
include full financial statements in any registration statement filed with the SEC in place of this condensed consolidated information. Except as
disclosed in Note 23 Changes in Equity and Earnings per Share, there are no restrictions on the Company’s ability to obtain funds from any of its direct
or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries through dividends, loans or advances.
F-75
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING INCOME STATEMENT
Anheuser- Anheuser-
Anheuser- Busch Busch Anheuser-
Busch InBev InBev Busch
For the year ended 31 December 2018 InBev Worldwide Finance Companies, Subsidiary Non-
Million US dollar SA/NV Inc. Inc. LLC Guarantors Guarantors Eliminations Total
Revenue 592 — — 15 584 — 40 932 (2 489) 54 619
Cost of sales (370) — — (7 318) — (15 160) 2 489 (20 359)
Gross profit 222 8 266 25 772 34 259
Distribution expenses (35) — — (1 147) — (4 588) — (5 770)
Sales and marketing expenses (187) — — (2 036) — (5 660) — (7 883)
Administrative expenses (205) — — (550) (51) (2 659) — (3 465)
Other operating income/(expenses) 579 1 125 — (1 563) 3 (179) — (35)
Profit from operations 374 1 125 — 2 970 (48) 12 685 — 17 106
Net finance cost (209) (3 047) 37 2 443 113 (8 066) — (8 729)
Share of result of associates — — — 3 — 150 — 153
Profit before tax 165 (1 922) 37 5 416 65 4 769 8 530
Income tax expense — 293 — (726) (2) (2 404) — (2 839)
Profit 165 (1 629) 37 4 690 63 2 365 — 5 691
Income from subsidiaries 4 203 1 887 — 98 849 3 172 (10 209) —
Profit from continuing operations 4 368 259 37 4 788 912 5 537 (10 209) 5 691
Profit from discontinued operations — — — — — — — —
Profit of the year 4 368 259 37 4 788 912 5 537 (10 209) 5 691
Profit from continuing operations attributable to:
Equity holders of AB InBev 4 368 259 37 4 787 912 4 215 (10 209) 4 368
Non-controlling interest — — — — — 1 323 — 1 323
Profit of the year attributable to:
Equity holders of AB InBev 4 368 259 37 4 787 912 4 215 (10 209) 4 368
Non-controlling interest — — — — — 1 323 — 1 323
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Anheuser- Anheuser-
Anheuser- Busch Busch Anheuser-
Busch InBev InBev Busch
For the year ended 31 December 2017 InBev Worldwide Finance Companies, Subsidiary Non-
Million US dollar SA/NV Inc. Inc. LLC Guarantors Guarantors Eliminations Total
Revenue 540 — — 14 015 — 44 235 (2 346) 56 444
Cost of sales (338) — — (5 838) — (17 556) 2 346 (21 386)
Gross profit 202 — — 8 177 — 26 679 35 058
Distribution expenses (23) — — (996) — (4 857) — (5 876)
Sales and marketing expenses (181) — — (2 208) — (5 993) — (8 382)
Administrative expenses (255) — — (338) (66) (3 182) — (3 841)
Other operating income/(expenses) 793 1 066 — (1 845) 8 170 — 192
Profit from operations 536 1 066 — 2 790 (58) 12 817 — 17 152
Net finance cost (819) (3 064) 26 3 218 942 (6 810) — (6 507)
Share of result of associates 2 428 — 430
Profit before tax (283) (1 998) 26 6 110 884 6 435 — 11 076
Income tax expense (16) 614 (17) 1 506 (177) (3 830) — (1 920)
Profit (299) (1 384) 9 7 516 708 2 605 — 9 155
Income from subsidiaries 8 295 3 721 126 4 041 6 204 (22 387)
Profit from continuing operations 7 996 2 337 9 7 641 4 749 8 809 (22 387) 9 155
Profit from discontinued operations — — — — — 28 — 28
Profit of the year 7 996 2 337 9 7 641 4 749 8 837 (22 387) 9 183
Profit from continuing operations attributable
to:
Equity holders of AB InBev 7 996 2 337 9 7 641 4 749 7 623 (22 387) 7 968
Non-controlling interest — — — — — 1 187 — 1 187
Profit of the year attributable to:
Equity holders of AB InBev 7 996 2 337 9 7 641 4 749 7 651 (22 387) 7 996
Non-controlling interest — — — — — 1 187 — 1 187
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Anheuser- Anheuser-
Anheuser- Busch Busch Anheuser-
Busch InBev InBev Busch
For the year ended 31 December 2016 InBev Worldwide Finance Companies, Subsidiary Non-
Million US dollar SA/NV Inc. Inc. LLC Guarantors Guarantors Eliminations Total
Revenue 506 — — 14 135 — 32 884 (2 008) 45 517
Cost of sales (300) — — (5 923) — (13 587) 2 008 (17 803)
Gross profit 206 — — 8 212 — 19 297 — 27 715
Distribution expenses (27) — — (967) — (3 549) — (4 543)
Sales and marketing expenses (204) — — (2 372) — (5 169) — (7 745)
Administrative expenses (198) (4) — (344) (40) (2 297) — (2 883)
Other operating income/(expenses) 464 559 — (1 286) 3 598 — 338
Profit from operations 241 555 — 3 244 (38) 8 880 — 12 882
Net finance cost (1 599) (1 283) 36 (83) (3 722) (1 913) — (8 564)
Share of result of associates 2 14 16
Profit before tax (1 358) (728) 36 3 163 (3 760) 6 981 — 4 334
Income tax expense 280 2 (1 386) 28 (537) — (1 613)
Profit (1 358) (448) 38 1 776 (3 731) 6 444 — 2 721
Income from subsidiaries 2 599 1 958 — 1 030 292 1 469 (7 348) —
Profit from continuing operations (7
1 241 1 510 38 2 806 (3 439) 7 913 348) 2 721
Profit from discontinued operations — — — — — 48 — 48
Profit of the year 1 241 1 510 38 2 806 (3 439) 7 961 (7 348) 2 769
Profit from continuing operations attributable to:
Equity holders of AB InBev 1 241 1 510 38 2 806 (3 439) 6 385 (7 348) 1 193
Non-controlling interest — — — — — 1 528 — 1 528
Profit of the year attributable to:
Equity holders of AB InBev 1 241 1 510 38 2 806 (3 439) 6 433 (7 348) 1 241
Non-controlling interest — — — — — 1 528 — 1 528
F-78
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
Anheuser- Anheuser-
Anheuser- Busch Busch Anheuser-
Busch InBev InBev Busch
As at 31 December 2018 InBev Worldwide Finance Companies, Subsidiary Non-
Million US dollar SA/NV Inc. Inc. LLC Guarantors Guarantors Eliminations Total
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment 45 — — 5 009 — 20 856 — 25 910
Goodwill — — — 33 226 — 100 085 — 133 311
Intangible assets 580 — — 22 227 98 21 926 — 44 831
Investments in subsidiaries 123 120 86 240 — 30 594 24 623 170 569 (435 146) —
Investments in associates and joint ventures — — — — — 6 136 — 6 136
Deferred tax assets — 130 — — — 1 465 (138) 1 457
Derivatives — — — — 302 10 (21) 291
Other non-current assets 22 196 13 850 24 037 26 158 8 701 36 766 (129 823) 1 886
145 941 100 220 24 037 117 213 33 724 357 813 (565 128) 213 822
Current assets
Investment securities — — — — — 87 — 87
Inventories — — — 819 — 3 415 — 4 234
Derivatives — — — 25 5 399 464 (5 872) 16
Trade and other receivables 3 079 3 471 1 176 6 678 1 619 10 415 (20 063) 6 375
Cash and cash equivalents 1 3 28 581 6 094 8 481 (8 114) 7 074
Assets classified as held for sale — — — — — 39 — 39
Other current assets — 500 3 — 455 (501) 456
3 080 3 974 1 207 8 103 13 112 23 356 (34 550) 18 281
Total assets 149 021 104 194 25 244 125 316 46 836 381 169 (599 678) 232 103
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity
Equity attributable to equity holders of AB InBev 64 486 55 403 597 74 635 29 258 275 253 (435 146) 64 486
Minority interest — — — — — 7 418 — 7 418
64 486 55 403 597 74 635 29 258 282 671 (435 146) 71 904
Non-current liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 72 756 46 552 24 042 33 147 3 314 55 391 (129 618) 105 584
Employee benefits 5 — — 1 048 — 1 628 — 2 681
Deferred tax liabilities — — 8 6 692 — 6 601 (137) 13 165
Derivatives — — — — 788 — (21) 766
Other non-current liabilities 81 — — 150 — 3 312 — 3 544
72 842 46 552 24 050 41 037 4 102 66 932 (129 776) 125 740
Current liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 4 535 1 679 253 5 783 5 234 4 483 (17 752) 4 216
Income tax payable — — — 474 3 1 243 (500) 1 220
Derivatives 482 — — 131 5 563 5 272 (5 872) 5 574
Trade and other payables 1 228 562 342 3 211 65 19 674 (2 515) 22 568
Liabilities associated with assets held for sale — — — — — — — —
Other current liabilities 5 450 — — 42 2 612 893 (8 118) 881
11 695 2 241 595 9 642 13 477 31 565 (34 756) 34 459
Total equity and liabilities 149 021 104 194 25 244 125 316 46 836 381 169 (599 678) 232 103
F-79
Anheuser- Anheuser-
Anheuser- Busch Busch Anheuser-
Busch InBev InBev Busch
As at 31 December 2017 InBev Worldwide Finance Companies, Subsidiary Non-
Million US dollar SA/NV Inc. Inc. LLC Guarantors Guarantors Eliminations Total
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment 44 — — 4 589 — 22 551 — 27 184
Goodwill — — — 33 089 188 107 663 — 140 940
Intangible assets 584 — — 21 947 158 23 185 — 45 874
Investments in subsidiaries 121 847 77 388 — 42 660 40 708 99 398 (382 000) —
Investments in associates and joint ventures — — — 28 — 5 253 — 5 263
Deferred tax assets — — — — — 1 216 — 1 216
Derivatives — — — 3 13 9 — 25
Other non-current assets 53 565 10 290 55 432 18 115 7 178 67 709 (210 623) 1 664
176 040 87 678 55 432 120 430 48 246 326 966 (592 623) 222 166
Current assets
Investment securities 1 301 — — — — 3 — 1 304
Inventories 21 — — 626 — 3 472 — 4 119
Derivatives — — — 122 198 138 — 458
Trade and other receivables 16 585 1 514 1 947 3 265 21 972 19 942 (58 660) 6 566
Cash and cash equivalents 43 242 8 1 872 4 110 9 768 (5 571) 10 472
Assets classified as held for sale — — — — — 133 — 133
Other current assets — — — — — 908 — 908
17 950 1 756 1 955 5 884 26 281 34 364 (64 231) 23 960
Total assets 193 990 89 434 57 387 126 315 74 526 361 330 (656 854) 246 126
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity
Equity attributable to equity holders of AB InBev 72 585 38 307 586 89 304 42 352 211 452 (382 000) 72 585
Minority interest — — — — — 7 635 — 7 635
72 585 38 307 586 89 304 42 352 219 087 (382 000) 80 220
Non-current liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 102 398 49 230 55 464 24 874 4 131 83 459 (210 607) 108 949
Employee benefits 5 — — 1 240 — 1 748 — 2 993
Deferred tax liabilities — (337) 9 6 528 — 6 907 — 13 107
Derivatives — — — 1 919 17 — 937
Other non-current liabilities 131 — — 1 012 11 2 573 (18) 3 709
102 534 48 893 55 473 33 654 5 062 94 704 (210 625) 129 695
Current liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 16 718 2 363 479 387 18 949 20 531 (51 994) 7 433
Income tax payable — (665) 3 726 8 1 486 — 1 558
Derivatives — — — 31 1 329 97 — 1 457
Trade and other payables 2 033 535 848 2 207 3 274 22 530 (6 665) 24 762
Liabilities associated with assets held for sale — — — — — — — —
Other current liabilities 121 — — 5 3 553 2 894 (5 571) 1 002
18 872 2 233 1 330 3 356 27 113 47 538 (64 230) 36 211
Total equity and liabilities 193 990 89 434 57 387 126 315 74 526 361 330 (656 854) 246 126
F-80
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Anheuser- Anheuser-
Anheuser- Busch Busch Anheuser-
Busch InBev InBev Busch
For the year ended 31 December 2018 InBev Worldwide Finance Companies, Subsidiary Non-
Million US dollar SA/NV Inc. Inc. LLC Guarantors Guarantors Eliminations Total
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Profit of the period 4 368 350 37 6 297 911 5 643 (11 915) 5 691
Depreciation, amortization and impairment 147 — — 802 — 3 311 — 4 260
Net finance cost 209 3 047 (37) (2 443) (113) 8 066 — 8 729
Income tax expense — (293) — 718 2 2 412 — 2 839
Investment income (4 203) (1 980) — (1 502) (849) (3 382) 11 916 —
Other items 158 — — 3 — (118) (1) 42
Cash flow from operating activities before
changes in working capital and use of
provisions 679 1 124 — 3 875 (49) 15 932 — 21 561
Working capital and provisions 182 360 — (403) (15) (196) 96 24
Cash generated from operations 861 1 484 — 3 472 (64) 15 736 96 21 585
Interest paid, net (137) (2 718) 73 4 008 (190) (5 025) (28) (4 017)
Dividends received — — — — — 39 102 141
Income tax paid — — (8) (616) (7) (2 416) — (3 047)
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING
ACTIVITIES 724 (1 234) 65 6 864 (261) 8 334 170 14 663
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and
equipment and of intangible assets — — — 47 — 390 — 437
Sale of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed of 127 — — — — 128 — 257
Proceeds from SAB transaction-related
divestitures — — — — — (330) — (330)
Taxes on SAB transaction-related divestitures — — — — — (100) — (100)
Acquisition of other subsidiaries, net of cash
acquired (27) — — — — (85) — (112)
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
and of intangible assets (194) — — (857) — (4 035) — (5 086)
Net of tax proceeds from the sale of assets held
for sale — — — — — — — —
Net proceeds from sale/(acquisition) of
investment in short-term debt securities 1 300 — — — — (4) — 1 296
Net proceeds from sale/(acquisition) of other
assets — — — 13 — (185) — (172)
Net repayments/(payments) of loans granted (19 (142
29 335 4 599 31 459 654) 3 051 93 436 382) (156)
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING
ACTIVITIES 30 541 4 599 31 459 (20 451) 3 051 89 217 (142 382) (3 965)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Intra-group capital reimbursements — — — — — — — —
Purchase of non-controlling interest — — — — — (923) — (923)
Proceeds from borrowings 6 337 9 762 9 755 23 483 157 (31 555) (157) 17 782
Payments on borrowings (36 673) (13 367) (41 259) (11 169) — (62 273) 142 253 (22 489)
Cash net finance (cost)/income other than
interests 263 — — 5 10 (953) 121 (554)
Dividends paid (6 541) — — — — (1 218) (2) (7 761)
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING
ACTIVITIES (36 614) (3 605) (31 504) 12 319 166 (96 923) 142 215 (13 945)
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents (5 349) (240) 20 (1 268) 2 956 629 3 (3 247)
Cash and cash equivalents less bank overdrafts
at beginning of year (74) 242 9 1 929 530 7 720 — 10 356
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations (23) — — (80) (5) (40) (3) (148)
Cash and cash equivalents less bank
overdrafts at end of year (5 446) 2 29 581 3 481 8 309 — 6 960
F-81
Anheuser-
Anheuser- Busch Anheuser-
Anheuser- Busch InBev InBev Busch
For the year ended 31 December 2017 Busch InBev Worldwide Finance Companies, Subsidiary Non-
Million US dollar SA/NV Inc. Inc. LLC Guarantors Guarantors Eliminations Total
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Profit of the period 7 996 2 338 8 7 741 4 749 8 837 (22 387) 9 183
Depreciation, amortization and impairment 128 — — 849 (78) 3 377 — 4 276
Net finance cost 819 3 064 (26) (3 218) (942) 6 810 — 6 507
Income tax expense 16 (614) 17 (1 506) 177 3 830 — 1 920
Investment income (8 296) (3 721) — (126) (4 041) (6 203) 22 387 —
Other items 126 — — (9) 2 (338) — (219)
Cash flow from operating activities before
changes in working capital and use of
provisions 789 1 067 (1) 3 633 (135) 16 313 — 21 667
Working capital and provisions (283) 869 (4) (1 319) 109 72 159 (397)
Cash generated from operations 506 1 936 (5) 2 313 (25) 16 385 159 21 270
Interest paid, net (860) (3 156) 79 106 245 (6 120) 5 865 (3 841)
Dividends received 2 — — 76 2 139 (77) 142
Income tax paid (16) — (16) 289 (4) (2 394) — (2 141)
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING
ACTIVITIES (368) (1 220) 58 2 785 217 8 010 5 947 15 430
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and
equipment and of intangible assets — — — 20 (2) 599 — 617
Sale of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed of — — — 42 — — — 42
Proceeds from SAB transaction-related
divestitures — — — — — 11 697 — 11 697
Taxes on SAB transaction-related divestitures — — — (3 449) — — — (3 449)
Acquisition of other subsidiaries, net of cash
acquired — — — (419) 113 (292) — (598)
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
and of intangible assets (126) — — (625) 91 (4 081) — (4 741)
Net of tax proceeds from the sale of assets
held for sale — — — — — 16 — 16
Net proceeds from sale/(acquisition) of
investment in short-term debt securities 4 177 — — — — 160 — 4 337
Net proceeds from sale/(acquisition) of other
assets 535 — — 4 (73) (746) — (280)
Net repayments/(payments) of loans granted (7 949) 4 996 332 378 4 229 43 229 (45 002) 213
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING
ACTIVITIES (3 363) 4 996 332 (4 049) 4 357 50 582 (45 002) 7 854
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Intra-group capital reimbursements 18 594 — — 28 (21 180) 2 558 — —
Purchase of non-controlling interest — — — — — (206) — (206)
Proceeds from borrowings 24 604 2 262 1 470 8 152 8 045 (219) (30 962) 13 352
Payments on borrowings (20 574) (5 876) (1 306) (6 541) (12 813) (46 006) 69 783 (23 333)
Cash net finance (cost)/income other than
interests (463) — — (34) 2 011 (3 055) — (1 541)
Dividends paid (7 992) (75) — — — (1 285) 77 (9 275)
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING
ACTIVITIES 14 169 (3 689) 164 1 604 (23 936) (48 213) 38 898 (21 004)
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents 10 438 87 554 340 (19 361) 10 379 (157) 2 280
Cash and cash equivalents less bank overdrafts (10
at beginning of year 244) 155 (617) 1 464 18 376 (739) — 8 395
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations (268) — 72 28 1 583 (1 891) 157 (319)
Cash and cash equivalents less bank
overdrafts at end of year (74) 242 9 1 832 598 7 749 10 356
F-82
Anheuser- Anheuser-
Anheuser- Busch Busch Anheuser-
Busch InBev InBev Busch
For the year ended 31 December 2016 InBev Worldwide Finance Companies, Subsidiary Non-
Million US dollar SA/NV Inc. Inc. LLC Guarantors Guarantors Eliminations Total
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Profit of the period 1 241 1 510 38 2 947 (3 580) 7 961 (7 348) 2 769
Depreciation, amortization and impairment 96 — — 811 (63) 2 633 — 3 477
Net finance cost 1 599 1 284 (36) 83 3 722 1 912 — 8 564
Income tax expense — (280) (2) 1 386 (28) 537 — 1 613
Investment income (2 599) (1 958) — (1 030) (292) (1 469) 7 348 —
Other items 56 (1) — 231 — (368) — (82)
Cash flow from operating activities before changes in
working capital and use of provisions 393 555 — 4 428 (241) 11 206 — 16 341
Working capital and provisions (121) 541 4 (626) (24) (80) 9 (297)
Cash generated from operations 272 1 096 4 3 802 (265) 11 126 9 16 044
Interest paid, net (1 543) (1 153) 59 (110) 1 109 (1 108) 25 (2 721)
Dividends received 9 256 — — 3 1 40 (9 257) 43
Income tax paid — — — (494) (17) (2 745) — (3 256)
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES 7 985 (57) 63 3 201 828 7 313 (9 223) 10 110
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment and of
intangible assets — — — 24 1 186 — 211
Sale of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed of — — — 14 (1) 640 — 653
Proceeds from SAB transaction-related divestitures (57 712) — — — (8 652) 1 198 — (65 166)
Taxes on SAB transaction-related divestitures — — — — — 16 342 — 16 342
Acquisition of other subsidiaries, net of cash acquired — — — (296) 296 (1 445) — (1 445)
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment and of
intangible assets (369) — — (857) 207 (3 960) — (4 979)
Net of tax proceeds from the sale of assets held for sale — — — — — 146 — 146
Net proceeds from sale/(acquisition) of investment in
short-term debt securities (5 500) — — — — (83) — (5 583)
Net proceeds from sale/(acquisition) of other assets — — — (10) (21) 4 — (27)
Net repayments/(payments) of loans granted (11 753) (900) (46 052) (11 425) 11 196 (32 475) 91 180 (229)
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES (75 334) (900) (46 052) (12 550) 3 026 (19 447) 91 180 (60 077)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Intra-group capital reimbursements (79) — — 85 (2 200) 2 194 — —
Purchase of non-controlling interest — — — — — (10) — (10)
Proceeds from borrowings 81 137 4 486 47 051 11 088 21 799 14 895 (94 164) 86 292
Payments on borrowings (13 370) (4 049) (2 200) (410) (962) (5 600) 2 974 (23 617)
Cash net finance (cost)/income other than interests (628) (64) (5) (31) (3 126) 370 — (3 484)
Dividends paid (7 134) — — — — (10 573) 9 257 (8 450)
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES 59 926 373 44 847 10 732 15 511 1 276 (81 933) 50 731
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (7 423) (584) (1 142) 1 383 19 365 (10 858) 24 764
Cash and cash equivalents less bank overdrafts at (1
beginning of year (1 832) 739 525 122 222) 8 578 — 6 910
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations (989) — — — 194 1 540 (24) 721
Cash and cash equivalents less bank overdrafts at end
of year (10 245) 154 (618) 1 505 18 377 (740) — 8 395
F-83
36. Events after the balance sheet date
BOND ISSUANCE
On 23 January 2019, Anheuser-Busch InBev Worldwide Inc., a subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV issued 15.5 billion US dollar aggregate
principal amount of bonds. The bonds comprise the following series: 2.5 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes due
23 January 2025 bearing interest at annual rate of 4.150%; 4.25 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes due 23 January 2029
bearing interest at an annual rate of 4.750%; 0.75 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes due 23 January 2031 bearing interest
at an annual rate of 4.900%; 2.0 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes due 23 January 2039 bearing interest at an annual rate
of 5.450%; 4.0 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes due 23 January 2049 bearing interest at an annual rate of 5.550% and
2.0 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes due 23 January 2059 bearing interest at an annual rate of 5.800%.
The net proceeds of the offering will be used for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of upcoming debt maturities in 2021 to 2024 and
2026, including the funding of the company’s announced tender offers.
The pool caps comprise the following series: 2.5 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes bearing interest at annual rate of
2.650%, 0.2 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of floating rate Notes and 0.2 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes
at an annual rate of 4.375% due in 2021; 1.1 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes bearing interest at annual rate of 3.750%
and 1.3 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes at an annual rate of 2.500% due in 2022; 0.6 billion US dollar aggregate
principal amount of fixed rate Notes bearing interest at annual rate of 2.625% and 2.9 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes at
an annual rate of 3.300% due in 2023; 0.3 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of floating rate Notes, 0.9 billion US dollar aggregate principal
amount of fixed rate Notes at an annual rate of 3.500% and 0.5 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes at an annual rate of
3.700% due in 2024; and 5.9 billion US dollar aggregate principal amount of fixed rate Notes bearing interest at annual rate of 3.650% due in 2026.
F-84
37. AB InBev companies
Listed below are the most important AB InBev companies. A complete list of the company’s investments is available at AB InBev NV, Brouwerijplein
1, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
% OF ECONOMIC
NAME AND REGISTERED OFFICE OF FULLY CONSOLIDATED INTEREST AS AT
COMPANIES 31 DECEMBER 2018
ARGENTINA
CERVECERIA Y MALTERIA QUILMES SAICA y G - Charcas 5160 -
C1425BOF - Buenos Aires 61.88
AUSTRALIA
FOSTER’S GROUP PTY LTD – Southbank Boulevard 77 - 3006
Southbank – Victoria 100.00
CUB PTY LTD - Southbank Boulevard 77 - 3006 Southbank – Victoria 100.00
FBG FINANCE PTY LTD - Southbank Boulevard 77 - 3006 Southbank
– Victoria 100.00
FBG TREASURY (AUST) PTY LTD - Southbank Boulevard 77 - 3006
Southbank – Victoria 100.00
BELGIUM
AB INBEV N.V. – Grand Place 1 - 1000 – Brussel Consolidating Company
BRASSERIE DE L’ABBAYE DE LEFFE S.A. - Place de l’Abbaye 1 -
5500 – Dinant 98.54
BROUWERIJ VAN HOEGAARDEN N.V. - Stoopkensstraat 46 - 3320 –
Hoegaarden 100.00
COBREW N.V. - Brouwerijplein 1 - 3000 – Leuven 100.00
INBEV BELGIUM S.P.R.L. - Industrielaan 21 - 1070 – Brussel 100.00
BOTSWANA
Kgalagadi Breweries (Pty) Ltd - Plot 20768, Broadhurst industrial estate
- Gaborone1 31.00
BOLIVIA
CERVECERIA BOLIVIANA NACIONAL S.A. - Av. Montes 400 and
Chuquisaca No. 121, Zona Challapampa - La Paz 61.88
BRAZIL
AMBEV S.A. - Rua Dr Renato Paes de Barros, 1017, 3° andar, Itaim
Bibi - CEP 04530-001 - São Paulo 61.88
CANADA
LABATT BREWING COMPANY LIMITED - 207 Queen’s Quay West,
Suite 299 - M5J 1A7 – Toronto 61.88
CHILE
CERVECERIA CHILE S.A. - Av. Presidente Eduardo Frei Montalva
9600 - 8700000 – Quilicura 61.88
CHINA
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV (CHINA) SALES CO LTD. - Shangshou,
Qin Duan Kou, Hanyang Area - 430051 - Wuhan City, Hubei Province 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV (WUHAN) BREWERY CO. LTD. -
Shangshou, Qin Duan Kou, Hanyang Area - 430051 - Wuhan City,
Hubei Province 97.06
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV (FOSHAN) BREWERY CO. LTD. - 1
Budweiser Avenue, Southwest St., Sanshui District - 528132 - Foshan
City, Guangdong 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV HARBIN BREWERY CO. LTD. - 9 HaPi
Road Pingfang District - 150066 - Harbin City, Heilongijang Province 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV (TANGSHAN) BREWERY CO. LTD. -
18, Yingbin Road - 063300 - Tangshan City, Hebei Province 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV SEDRIN BREWERY CO. LTD. - 660
Gong Ye Road, Hanjiang District - 351111 - Putian City, Fujian
Province 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV SEDRIN (ZHANGZHOU) BREWERY
CO. LTD. - Lantian Economic District - 363005 - Zhangzhou City,
Fujian Province 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV (TAIZHOU) BREWERY CO. LTD. - 159
Qi Xia East Road, Chengguan Town, Tiantai County - 317200 -
Taizhou Cithy, Zhejiang Province 100.00
NANCHANG ASIA BREWERY CO. LTD. - 1188 Jinsha Avenue,
Economic District - Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 100.00
SIPING GINSBER DRAFT BEER CO. LTD. - Xianmaquan, Tiedong
Area - Siping City, Jilin Province 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV (NANTONG) BREWERY CO. LTD. -
666 Zhaoxia Road - Nantong City, Jiangsu Province 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV (SICHUAN) BREWERY CO. LTD. -
No. 1, AB InBev Avenue, Cheng Nan Industry Park, Economic
Development Area - 641300 - Ziyang City, Sichuan Province 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV (HENAN) BREWERY CO. LTD. - No. 1
Budweiser Avenue, Industry Park, Tangzhuang Town - 453100 -
Weihui City, Henan Province 100.00
INBEV JINLONGQUAN (HUBEI) BREWERY CO. LTD. - 89 Jin Long
Quan Avenue - Jingmen City, Hubei Province 60.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV (SUQIAN) BREWERY CO. LTD. - No 1
Qujiang Road, Suyu Industry Park - Suqian City, Jiangsu Province 100.00
COLOMBIA
BOGOTA BEER COMPANY BBC S.A.S. - Carrera 53 A, No 127 - 35 -
110221 – Bogota 97.22
BAVARIA S.A. S.A. - Carrera 53 A, No 127 - 35 - 110221 – Bogota 99.00
AMBEV COLOMBIA S.A.S. - Carrera 53 A, No 127 - 35 - 110221 –
Bogota 97.22
1 The group’s shares entitle the holder to twice the voting rights
F-85
% OF ECONOMIC
NAME AND REGISTERED OFFICE OF FULLY CONSOLIDATED INTEREST AS AT
COMPANIES 31 DECEMBER 2018
CZECH REPUBLIC
PIVOVAR SAMSON A.S. - V parku 2326/18, Chodov, 148 00
Praha 4 100.00
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
CERVECERIA NACIONAL DOMINICANA S.A. - Autopista 30 de
Mayo Km 61/2, Distrito Nacional - A.P. 1086 - Santo Domingo1 52.42
ECUADOR
COMPAÑIA CERVECERA AMBEV ECUADOR S.A. - Km 14.5
Via a Daule S/N y Av. Las Iguanas, Guayaquil 97.22
CERVECERÍA NACIONAL (CN) SA - Via a daule km 16,5 y calle
cobre s/n – Guayaquil, Guayas 95.58
EL SALVADOR
INDUSTRIAS LA CONSTANCIA, SA DE CV - 526 Av.
Independencia, San Salvador 100.00
FRANCE
AB INBEV FRANCE S.A.S. - Immeuble Crystal, 38, Place Vauban -
C.P. 59110 - La Madeleine 100.00
GERMANY
BRAUEREI BECK GmbH & CO. KG - Am Deich 18/19 - 28199 –
Bremen 100.00
BRAUEREI DIEBELS GmbH & CO.KG - Brauerei-Diebels-Strasse
1 - 47661 – Issum 100.00
HAAKE-BECK AG - Am Deich 18/19 - 28199 – Bremen 99.96
HASSERÖDER BRAUEREI GmbH - Auerhahnring 1 - 38855 –
Wernigerode 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV GERMANY HOLDING GmbH - Am
Deich 18/19 - 28199 – Bremen 100.00
SPATEN - FRANZISKANER - BRÄU GmbH - Marsstrasse 46 + 48
- 80335 – München 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV Deutschland GmbH & Co KG - Am
Deich 18/19 - 28199 – Bremen 100.00
LOEWENBRAEU AG - Nymphenburger Str. 7 - 80335 – München 100.00
GHANA
ACCRA BREWERY LTD - Farra Avenue 20 1st Floor, Pkf Building,
P.O. Box Gp1219 – Accra 60.00
GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBoURG
BRASSERIE DE LUXEMBOURG MOUSEL - DIEKIRCH - 1, Rue
de la Brasserie - L-9214 – Diekirch 95.82
HONDURAS
CERVECERÍA HONDUREÑA, SA DE CV - Blvd. Del Norte,
Carretera Salida a Puerto Cortes - San Pedro Sula, Cortes 99.00
INDIA
CROWN BEERS INDIA LIMITED - #8-2-684/A, Road No. 12 -
Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500034 - Andhra Pradesh 100.00
SABMILLER INDIA LIMITED LTD. - Unit No.301-302, Dynasty
Business Park, 3rd Floor - Andheri - Kurla Road, Andheri (East) -
400059 - Mumbai, Maharashtra 99.60
ITALY
Anheuser-Busch Inbev Italia SpA - Piazza Buffoni 3, 21013 Gallarate 100.00
MEXICO
CERVECERIA MODELO DE MEXICO S. DE R.L. DE C.V - Javier
Barros Sierra 555 Piso 3 - Zedec Ed Plaza Santa Fe - 01210
Mexico City 100.00
MOZAMBIQUE
CERVEJAS DE MOÇAMBIQUE SA - Rua do Jardim 1329 -
Maputo2 49.00
THE NETHERLANDS
INBEV NEDERLAND N.V. - Ceresstraat 1 - 4811 CA – Breda 100.00
INTERBREW INTERNATIONAL B.V. - Ceresstraat 1 - 4811 CA –
Breda 100.00
AB InBev Africa B.V.- Ceresstraat 1, 4811 CA – Breda 62.00
AB InBev Botswana B.V.- Ceresstraat 1, 4811 CA – Breda 62.00
NIGERIA
BEVERAGE MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS LIMITED LTD. - 58
Akanbi Onitiri Close, Off Eric Moore Road, Surelere – Lagos 50.00
INTERNATIONAL BREWERIES PLC - Lawrence Omole Way,
Omi Osoro Road, Imo Ilesha, Osun State1 37.50
PANAMA
CERVECERÍA NACIONAL HOLDING SA - Costa del Este
Business Park, torre Oeste Piso 2 - Ciudad de Panama 60.00
PARAGUAY
CERVECERIA PARAGUAYA S.A. - Ruta Villeta km 30 N 3045 -
2660 – Ypané 61.88
PERU
COMPANIA CERVECERA AMBEV PERU S.A.C. - Av. Los
Laureles Mza. A Lt. 4 del Centro Poblado Menor Santa Maria de
Huachipa - Lurigancho (Chosica) - Lima 15 97.22
UNIÓN DE CERVECERÍAS PERUANAS BACKUS Y
JOHNSTON SAA - 3986 Av. Nicolas Ayllon, Ate, Lima 3 93.65
1 85% owned by Ambev S.A
2 The company is consolidated due to the group’s majority shareholdings and ability to control the operations.
F-86
% OF ECONOMIC
NAME AND REGISTERED OFFICE OF FULLY CONSOLIDATED INTEREST AS AT
COMPANIES 31 DECEMBER 2018
SOUTH AFRICA
SABSA HOLDINGS LTD PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY - 65
Park Lane, Sandown - 2001 – Johannesburg 100.00
THE SOUTH AFRICAN BREWERIES (PTY) LTD LIMITED BY
SHARES - 65 Park Lane, Sandown - 2146 – Johannesburg 91.55
SOUTH KOREA
ORIENTAL BREWERY CO., LTD - 8F, ASEM Tower, 517,
Yeongdong-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06164, S. Korea 100.00
SWITZERLAND
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV PROCUREMENT GMBH
GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER HAFTUNG (GMBH)
- Suurstoffi 22 – 6343 - Rotkreuz 100.00
TANZANIA
KIBO BREWERIES LTD PRIVATE COMPANY - Uhuru Street,
Plot No 79, Block AA, Mchikichini, Ilala District - - Dar es
Salaam1 36.00
UGANDA
NILE BREWERIES LTD - Plot M90 Yusuf Lule Roa, Njeru, Jinja -
Eastern Uganda 61.76
UNITED KINGDOM
ABI SAB GROUP HOLDING LIMITED - AB InBev House, Church
Street West - GU21 6HT - Woking 100.00
ABI UK HOLDINGS 1 LIMITED - Porter Tun House, 500
Capability Green - LU1 3LS – Luton 100.00
AB INBEV UK LIMITED - Porter Tun House, 500 Capability Green
- LU1 3LS – Luton 100.00
AB INBEV HOLDINGS LIMITED - AB InBev House, Church
Street West - GU21 6HT - Woking 100.00
AB INBEV INTERNATIONAL BRANDS LIMITED - AB InBev
House, Church Street West - GU21 6HT - Woking 100.00
ZX VENTURES LIMITED - Porter Tun House, 500 Capability
Green - LU1 3LS – Luton 100.00
UNITED STATES
ANHEUSER-BUSCH COMPANIES, LLC. - One Busch Place - St.
Louis, MO 63118 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INTERNATIONAL, INC. - One Busch Place -
St. Louis, MO 63118 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH PACKAGING GROUP, INC. - One Busch
Place - St. Louis, MO 63118 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH, LLC –One Busch Place, St. Louis, MO.
63118 100.00
Metal Container Corporation, Inc. – One Busch Place, St. Louis, Mo.
63118 100.00
ANHEUSER-BUSCH NORTH AMERICAN HOLDING
CORPORATION - C/O THE CORPORATION TRUST
COMPANY INC. - 1209 Orange Street - DE 19801 – Wilmington 100.00
URUGUAY
CERVECERIA Y MALTERIA PAYSANDU S.A. - Cesar Cortinas,
2037 - C.P. 11500 – Montevideo 61.88
VIETNAM
ANHEUSER-BUSCH INBEV VIETNAM BREWERY COMPANY
LIMITED/No.2 VSIP II-A, Street no. 28, Vietnam - Singapore
II-A Industrial Park, Tan Uyen District, Binh Duong Province 100.00
ZAMBIA
ZAMBIAN BREWERIES PLC - Mungwi Road, Plot Number 6438,
Lusaka 54.00
% OF ECONOMIC
INTEREST AS AT
NAME AND REGISTERED OFFICE OF ASSOCIATES AND JOINT VENTURES 31 DECEMBER 2018
FRANCE
SOCIÉTÉ DES BRASSERIES ET GLACIÈRES
INTERNATIONALES SA - 30 AV George V, 75008, Paris 20.00
GIBRALTAR
BIH BRASSERIES INTERNATIONALES HOLDING LTD - CC
Building, 10th Floor, Main Street 20.00
BIH BRASSERIES INTERNATIONALES HOLDING (ANGOLA)
LTD - Suite 10/3, International Commercial Centre, 2A Main Street 27.00
TURKEY
ANADOLU EFES BIRACILIK VE MALT SANAYII AS -
Bahçelievler Mahallesi, Sehit Ibrahim Koparir Caddesi No. 4,
Bahçelievler Istanbul 24.00
ZIMBABWE
DELTA CORPORATION LTD - Sable house, P.O. Box BW 343,
Northridge Close, Borrowdale, Harare 25.00
RUSSIA
AB InBev Efes - 28 Moscovskaya Street, Moscow region - 141607 –
Klin 50.00
F-87
Exhibit 4.28
Plaintiff,
v. Civil Action No. 16-1483
ANHEUSER-BUSCH InBEV SA/NV, and
SABMILLER plc,
Defendants.
WHEREAS, Plaintiff, United States of America (“United States”) filed its Complaint on July 20, 2016, the United States and Defendants, by their
respective attorneys, have consented to entry of this Final Judgment without trial or adjudication of any issue of fact or law, and without this Final
Judgment constituting any evidence against or admission by any party regarding any issue of fact or law;
AND WHEREAS, Defendants agree to be bound by the provisions of the Final Judgment pending its approval by the Court;
AND WHEREAS, the essence of this Final Judgment is the prompt divestiture of certain rights and assets to assure that competition is not
substantially lessened;
AND WHEREAS, this Final Judgment requires Defendant ABI to make certain divestitures for the purpose of remedying the loss of competition
alleged in the Complaint;
AND WHEREAS, Plaintiff requires Defendants to agree to undertake certain actions and refrain from certain conduct for the purposes of
remedying the loss of competition alleged in the Complaint;
AND WHEREAS, Defendants have represented to the United States that the divestitures required below can (after the Completion of the
Transaction) and will be made, and that the actions and conduct restrictions can and will be undertaken, and that Defendants will later raise no claim of
hardship or difficulty as grounds for asking the Court to modify any of the provisions contained below;
NOW THEREFORE, before any testimony is taken, without trial or adjudication of any issue of fact or law, and upon consent of the parties, it is
ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED:
I. JURISDICTION
This Court has jurisdiction over the subject matter of this action and each of the parties. The Complaint states a claim upon which relief may
be granted against Defendants under Section 7 of the Clayton Act, as amended (15 U.S.C. § 18).
II. DEFINITIONS
2
B. “ABI Divested Brand” means any Import Product divested or sold pursuant to commitments offered to the European Commission pursuant to
its review of the Transaction.
C. “ABI-Owned Distributor” means any Distributor in which ABI owns more than 50% of the outstanding equity interests or more than 50% of
the assets.
D. “Acquirer” means:
l. Molson Coors; or
2. an alternative purchaser of the Divestiture Assets selected pursuant to the procedures set forth in this Final Judgment.
E. “Beer” means any fermented alcoholic beverage that is (1) composed in part of water, a type of malted starch, yeast, and hops or other
flavoring, and (2) has undergone the process of brewing. As used herein, the term “Beer” shall also include flavored malt beverages, root beers, and
ciders.
F. “Closing” means consummation of the divestiture of the Divestiture Assets pursuant to the Final Judgment.
G. “Completion of the Transaction” means the completion of the Transaction in accordance with its terms.
H. “Confidential Information” means confidential commercial information of the Acquirer or MillerCoors that has been obtained from the
Acquirer, MillerCoors or SABMiller in connection with, or as a result of, (1) SABMiller’s equity and ownership stake in the Divestiture Assets prior to
the divestiture of the Divestiture Assets, (2) the divestiture of the Divestiture Assets, or (3) the entry into and performance under the Interim Supply
Agreements, the License Agreements, or the Transition Services Agreements, including quantities, units, and prices of items ordered or purchased from
Defendant ABI by the Acquirer, and any other competitively sensitive information regarding Defendant ABI’s or the Acquirer’s performance under the
Interim Supply Agreements, the License Agreements, or the Transition Services Agreements.
3
I. “Covered Entity” means any Beer brewer, importer, distributor, or brand owner (other than ABI) that derives more than $7.5 million in annual
gross revenue from Beer sold for further resale in the Territory, or from license fees generated by such Beer sales.
J. “Covered Interest” means ownership or control of any Beer brewing assets of, or any Beer brand assets of, or any Beer distribution assets of, or
any interest in (including any financial, security, loan, equity, intellectual property, or management interest), a Covered Entity; except that a Covered
Interest shall not include (i) a Beer brewery or Beer brand located outside the Territory that does not generate at least $7.5 million in annual gross
revenue from Beer sold for resale in the Territory; (ii) a license to distribute a non-ABI Beer brand where said distribution license does not generate at
least $3 million in annual gross revenue in the Territory; or (iii) a Beer distributor which does not generate at least $3 million in annual gross revenue in
the Territory.
K. “Defendants” means ABI and SABMiller, and any successor or assignee to all or substantially all of the business or assets of ABI or
SABMiller, involved in the brewing, development, production, servicing, distribution, marketing, or sale of Beer.
L. “Distributor” means a wholesaler in the Territory who acts as an intermediary between a brewer or importer of Beer and a retailer of Beer.
4
the Territory, including, but not limited to: (i) patents (including all reissues, divisions, continuations, continuations-in-part,
reexaminations, supplemental examinations, foreign counterparts, substitutions and extensions thereof) and patent applications;
(ii) copyrights and all applications, registrations, and renewals therefor; (iii) trademarks, trade names, service marks, service names,
trade dress, and other indicia of origin and all applications, registrations, and renewals therefor; (iv) technical information,
know-how, trade secrets, and other proprietary and confidential information, including such information relating to inventions,
technology, product formulations, recipes, production processes, customer lists, and marketing databases; and (v) domain names,
social media accounts, and identifiers and registrations therefor;
3. All contracts, commitments, agreements, subcontracts, leases, subleases, licenses, sublicenses, purchase orders, or other legally
binding promises or obligations, whether written or oral, to which SABMiller (other than MillerCoors) is a party and that are
primarily related to the manufacture, distribution, marketing, and sale of Miller-Branded Products outside of the Territory, in each
case other than any real estate leases or employment or independent contractor agreements;
4. All raw material inventory exclusively related to the manufacture, distribution, marketing, and sale of Miller-Branded Products
outside of the Territory;
5
5. All royalty or equivalent rights of SABMiller in respect of oil and gas deposits at the brewery operated by MillerCoors located at
Fort Worth, Texas;
6. All research and development activities primarily related to the manufacture, distribution, marketing, and sale of Miller-Branded
Products outside of the Territory;
7. All licenses, permits, and authorizations issued by any governmental organization primarily related to the manufacture, distribution,
marketing, and sale of Miller-Branded Products outside of the Territory, to the extent such licenses, permits, and authorizations are
capable of assignment or transfer by SABMiller;
8. All customer lists, contracts, accounts, and credit records primarily related to the manufacture, distribution, marketing, and sale of
Miller-Branded Products outside of the Territory;
9. All repair, performance, and other records primarily related to the manufacture, distribution, marketing, and sale of Miller-Branded
Products outside of the Territory;
10. All intangible assets including computer software and related documentation, safety procedures for the handling of materials and
substances, design tools and simulation capability, and research data concerning historic and current research and development
efforts, including, but not limited to, designs of experiments, and the results of successful and unsuccessful designs and experiments,
primarily related to the manufacture, distribution, marketing, and sale of Miller-Branded Products outside of the Territory;
6
11. All drawings blueprints, designs, design protocols, specifications for materials, specifications for parts and devices, research data
concerning historic and current research and development, quality assurance and control procedures, manuals and technical
information Defendants provide to their own employees, customers, suppliers, agents or licensees, and all research data concerning
historic and current research and development efforts, including, but not limited to, designs of experiments, and the results of
successful and unsuccessful designs and experiments, primarily related to the manufacture, distribution, marketing, and sale of
Miller-Branded Products outside of the Territory;
12. All other assets primarily related to the manufacture, distribution, marketing, and sale of Miller-Branded Products outside of the
Territory, including finished goods and work-in-progress, point-of-sale and advertising materials; and
13. Perpetual, fully paid-up, royalty-free licenses, entered into only with the approval of the United States in its sole discretion, to any
intellectual property and any other intangible assets required to permit the Acquirer to manufacture, import, distribute, market, or
sell the Import Products and the Licensed Products in the Territory.
7
With respect to clauses (2) through (13) above, Divestiture Assets excludes (A) cash and cash equivalents, (B) any accounts receivable,
(C) subject to the provisions of Section IV.E, any employees or other personnel or benefit obligations with respect thereto, (D) any capital stock or
other equity securities, (E) any real property or interests therein (other than certain royalty and equivalent rights in respect of oil and gas deposits
referenced in clause (5)), (F) any property, plant or equipment (or any portion thereof), and (G) any of the items enumerated in clauses (2) through
(13) above that are owned or controlled by any third party and are therefore not capable of assignment or transfer by Defendant ABI or Defendant
SABMiller.
N. “Hold Separate Stipulation and Order” means the Hold Separate Stipulation and Order filed by the parties simultaneously herewith, which
imposes certain duties on the Defendants with respect to the operation of the Divestiture Assets pending the proposed divestitures.
O. “Import Products” means Beer and any other beverages, excluding Miller- Branded Products and Licensed Products, imported, distributed,
marketed, or sold in the Territory, under any of the brands or sub-brands set forth on Attachment B hereto and any other sub-brands of such brands.
P. “Independent Distributor” means any Distributor that is not an ABI-Owned Distributor and that has an exclusive contractual right to sell
Budweiser or Bud Light branded Beer.
Q. “Interim Supply Agreements” means supply agreements covering any Miller- Branded Products or Import Products.
R. “License Agreement” means any agreement to license intellectual property pursuant to Section II.M.13 of this Final Judgment.
8
S. “Licensed Products” means Beer and any other beverages manufactured, distributed, marketed or sold in the Territory under the Foster’s or
Redd’s brands or any sub-brands of such brands.
T. “MillerCoors” means MillerCoors LLC, its divisions, subsidiaries, affiliates, partnerships and joint ventures, and all directors, officers,
employees, agents, and representatives of the foregoing. The terms “subsidiary,” “affiliate,” and “joint venture” refer to any person in which there is
majority (greater than 50%) or total ownership or control between the company and any other person. As used herein, the term “MillerCoors” shall not
include SABMiller or Molson Coors.
U. “Miller-Branded Products” means Beer and any other beverages manufactured, distributed, marketed and sold, anywhere in the world, under
any of the brands or sub-brands set forth on Attachment A hereto and any other sub-brands of such brands.
V. “Molson Coors” means Molson Coors Brewing Company, its domestic and foreign parents, predecessors, divisions, subsidiaries, affiliates,
partnerships and joint ventures, and all directors, officers, employees, agents, and representatives of the foregoing. The terms “parent,” “subsidiary,”
“affiliate,” and “joint venture” refer to any person in which there is majority (greater than 50%) or total ownership or control between the company and
any other person. As used herein, the term “Molson Coors” shall not include MillerCoors unless and until Molson Coors acquires the Divestiture Assets
pursuant to Section IV or Section VI of this Final Judgment.
9
W. “SABMiller” means SABMiller plc, its domestic and foreign parents, predecessors, divisions, subsidiaries, affiliates, partnerships and joint
ventures, and all directors, officers, employees, agents, and representatives of the foregoing. The terms “parent,” “subsidiary,” “affiliate,” and “joint
venture” refer to any person in which there is majority (greater than 50%) or total ownership or control between the company and any other person. As
used herein in connection with any obligation of SABMiller under this Order with respect to control of MillerCoors, the term SABMiller means
SABMiller’s non-controlling 58% equity interest and 50% voting rights in MillerCoors, which are subject to the MillerCoors LLC Amended and
Restated Operating Agreement, until the Completion of the Transaction pursuant to Section IV or Section VI of this Final Judgment.
X. ‘”Territory” means the fifty states of the United States of America, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and all United States military bases
located in the fifty states of the United States of America, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.
Y. “Third-Party Brewer” means any person (other than Defendants or the Acquirer, including any subsidiaries or joint ventures of the Acquirer),
that manufactures, has a third party manufacture, or imports Beer for sale in the Territory.
Z. “Transaction” means ABI’s proposed acquisition of all of the shares of SABMiller pursuant to the Co-Operation Agreement between
Anheuser-Busch Inbev SA/NV and SABMiller plc, the joint announcement by Anheuser-Busch Inbev SA/NV and SABMiller plc in relation to the
Transaction pursuant to Rule 2.7 of the UK City Code on Takeovers and Mergers and the letter agreement related to the Co-Operation Agreement
between Anheuser-Busch Inbev SA/NV and SABMiller plc, each of which is dated November 11, 2015.
III. APPLICABILITY
A. This Final Judgment applies to Defendants, as defined above, and all other persons in active concert or participation with any of them who
receive actual notice of this Final Judgment by personal service or otherwise.
10
B. If, prior to complying with Sections IV and VI of this Final Judgment, Defendants sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of their
assets or of lesser business units that include the Divestiture Assets, they shall require the purchaser to be bound by the provisions of this Final
Judgment unless such sale or disposition is pursuant to commitments offered to the European Commission pursuant to its review of the Transaction.
IV. DIVESTITURE
A. Defendant ABI is ordered and directed, within ninety (90) calendar days after the filing of the Hold Separate Stipulation and Order, to divest
the Divestiture Assets, if the Completion of the Transaction has occurred, in a manner consistent with this Final Judgment to Molson Coors. The United
States, in its sole discretion, may agree to one or more extensions of this time period not to exceed sixty (60) calendar days in total, and shall notify the
Court in such circumstances. Defendant ABI agrees to use its best efforts to divest the Divestiture Assets as expeditiously as possible. Defendant ABI
shall perform all duties and provide any and all services required of Defendant ABI pursuant to the agreements with the Acquirer to effect the
divestiture of the Divestiture Assets (including the License Agreements, Transition Services Agreements, and Interim Supply Agreements).
B. In the event Molson Coors is not the Acquirer of the Divestiture Assets, Defendant ABI or any Monitoring Trustee appointed pursuant to
Section VIII of this Final Judgment shall promptly notify the United States of that fact in writing. In such circumstances, within sixty (60) calendar days
after the United States receives such notice, Defendant ABI shall divest the Divestiture Assets in a manner consistent with this Final Judgment to an
alternative Acquirer(s) acceptable to the United States, in its sole discretion. The United States, in its sole discretion, may agree to one or more
extensions of this time period not to exceed sixty (60) calendar days in total, and shall notify the Court in such circumstances.
11
C. In the event that Molson Coors is not the Acquirer of the Divestiture Assets, Defendant ABI promptly shall make known, by usual and
customary means, the availability of the Divestiture Assets. Defendant ABI shall inform any person inquiring about a possible purchase of the
Divestiture Assets that they are being divested pursuant to this Final Judgment and provide that person with a copy of this Final Judgment.
D. Defendants shall offer to furnish to all prospective Acquirers, subject to customary confidentiality assurances, all information and documents
relating to the Divestiture Assets customarily provided in a due diligence process except such information or documents subject to the attorney-client
privilege or work-product doctrine. Defendants shall make available such information to the United States at the same time that such information is
made available to any other person.
E. For a period beginning on the date of the filing of the Hold Separate Stipulation and Order and continuing for not less than one (l) year from the
date of the divestiture required by Section IV or VI of this Final Judgment, to the extent consistent with applicable law, Defendants shall provide the
Acquirer and the United States information relating to the personnel who spend the majority of their time on or are otherwise material to the operation of
the Divestiture Assets, including Defendant SABMiller employees who spend the majority of their time on or are otherwise material to the production,
manufacture, importation, distribution, marketing, or sale of Miller-Branded Products outside the Territory, to enable the Acquirer to make offers of
employment. Beginning as of the date of the filing of the Hold Separate Stipulation and Order, Defendants will not interfere with any negotiations by
the Acquirer to retain, employ, or contract with any employee of MillerCoors or any Defendant SABMiller employee whose primary responsibility is
the production, manufacture, importation, distribution, marketing, or sale of Miller-Branded Products.
12
F. In the event that Molson Coors is not the Acquirer of the Divested Assets, Defendants shall permit prospective Acquirers of the Divestiture
Assets to have reasonable access to personnel and to make inspections of the physical facilities of MillerCoors; access to any and all environmental,
zoning, and other permit documents and information; and access to any and all financial, operational, or other documents and information customarily
provided as part of a due diligence process.
G. Defendant ABI shall warrant to the Acquirer that the Divestiture Assets will be operational on the date of sale to the extent such assets were
operational on the date the Complaint was filed.
H. Defendants shall not take any action that will impede in any way the permitting, operation, or divestiture of the Divestiture Assets.
I. On or before the date of the divestiture pursuant to Section IV or Section VI of this Final Judgment, Defendant ABI shall enter into one or more
transitional services agreements (collectively, the “Transition Services Agreements”) with the Acquirer for a period of up to one (1) year from the date
of the divestiture required by Section IV or Section VI of this Final Judgment to provide such services with respect to the business of developing,
producing, servicing, importing, distributing, marketing, and selling Miller-Branded Products outside the Territory (the “Miller International Business”)
that are reasonably necessary to allow the Acquirer to operate the Miller International Business in a manner substantially consistent with the operation
of such business prior to date of the divestiture of the Divestiture Assets. Defendant ABI shall perform all duties and provide any and all services
required of Defendant
13
ABI under the Transition Services Agreements. The Transition Services Agreements, and any amendments or modifications thereto, may be entered into
only with the approval of the United States in its sole discretion. Nothing in the foregoing shall apply to any agreements regarding any ABI Divested
Brands.
J. On or before the date of the divestiture pursuant to Section IV or Section VI of this Final Judgment, Defendant ABI shall enter into Interim
Supply Agreements with the Acquirer for a period of up to three (3) years from the date of the divestiture required by Section IV or Section VI of this
Final Judgment. Defendant ABI shall perform all duties and provide any and all services required of Defendant ABI under the Interim Supply
Agreements. The Interim Supply Agreements, and any amendments, modifications, or extensions of the Interim Supply Agreements, may be entered
into only with the approval of the United States in its sole discretion.
K. If the Acquirer seeks an extension of any of the Interim Supply Agreements covering Import Products, or if Defendant ABI and the Acquirer
mutually agree to an extension of any of the Interim Supply Agreements covering Miller-Branded Products, the Acquirer shall so notify the United
States in writing at least four (4) months prior to the date the Interim Supply Agreement(s) expires. The total term of the Interim Supply Agreements and
any extension(s) so approved shall not exceed five (5) years. Nothing in the foregoing shall apply to any agreements regarding any ABI Divested
Brands.
L. Unless the United States otherwise consents in writing, the divestiture pursuant to Section IV or Section VI shall include the entire Divestiture
Assets, and shall be accomplished in such a way as to satisfy the United States, in its sole discretion, that the Divestiture Assets can and will be used by
the Acquirer as part of a viable, ongoing business, engaged in brewing, developing, producing, distributing, marketing, and selling Beer. The divestiture
shall be:
1. made to an Acquirer that, in the United States’ sole judgment, has the intent and capability (including the necessary managerial, operational,
technical and financial capability) to compete in the business of brewing, developing, producing, and selling Beer;
14
2. accomplished so as to satisfy the United States, in its sole discretion, that none of the terms of the agreement between an Acquirer and
Defendant ABI gives Defendants the ability unreasonably to raise the Acquirer’s costs, to lower the Acquirer’s efficiency, or otherwise to
interfere in the ability of the Acquirer to compete effectively; and
3. made to an Acquirer who agrees to comply with the provisions of Section V.A of this Final Judgment, in a manner satisfactory to the United
States, in its sole discretion.
M. Defendant ABI shall, as soon as possible, but within two (2) business days after completion of the relevant event, notify the United States of:
(1) the effective date of the completion of the Transaction; and (2) the effective date of the divestiture of the Divestiture Assets to the Acquirer.
V. SUPPLEMENTAL RELIEF
A. Defendants agree, and Defendant ABI shall require any Acquirer to agree, that they will not cite the Transaction or the divestiture required by
Section IV or VI of this Final Judgment as a basis for modifying, renegotiating, or terminating any contract with any Distributor.
15
B. Defendant ABI shall not acquire any equity interests in, or any ownership or control of the assets of, a Distributor if (i) such acquisition would
transform said Distributor into an ABI-Owned Distributor, and (ii) as measured on the day of entering into an agreement for such acquisition more than
ten percent (10%), by volume, of Defendant ABI’s Beer sold in the Territory would be sold through ABI-Owned Distributors after such acquisition.
Percentages of volume will be calculated using a twelve month trailing average as used in Defendant ABI’s ordinary course, described in Attachment C.
C. If Defendants and the Acquirer enter into any new agreement(s) with each other with respect to the brewing, packaging, production, marketing,
importing, distribution, or sale of Beer in the Territory, Defendants shall notify the United States of the new agreement(s) at least sixty (60) calendar
days in advance of such agreement(s) becoming effective and such agreement(s) may only be entered into with the approval of the United States in its
sole discretion.
D. Defendant ABI shall not unilaterally, or pursuant to the terms of any contract or agreement, provide any reward or penalty to, or in any other
way condition its relationship with, an Independent Distributor or any employees or agents of that Independent Distributor based upon the amount of
sales the Independent Distributor makes of a Third-Party Brewer’s Beer or the marketing, advertising, promotion, or retail placement of such Beer.
Actions prohibited by this Sub-section include, but are not limited to:
1. Conditioning the availability of Defendant ABI’s Beer on an Independent Distributor’s sales, marketing, advertising, promotion, or
retail placement of a Third-Party Brewer’s Beer;
16
2. Conditioning the prices, services, product support, rebates, discounts, buy backs, or other terms and conditions of sale of Defendant
ABI’s Beer that are offered to an Independent Distributor based on an Independent Distributor’s sales, marketing, advertising,
promotion, or retail placement of a Third-Party Brewer’s Beer;
3. Conditioning any agreement or program with an Independent Distributor on the fact that an Independent Distributor sells a Third-
Party Brewer’s Beer outside of the geographic area in which the Independent Distributor sells Defendant ABI’s Beer;
4. Requiring an Independent Distributor to offer any incentive for selling Defendant ABI’s Beer in connection with or in response to
any incentive that the Independent Distributor offers for selling a Third-Party Brewer’s Beer; and
5. Preventing an Independent Distributor from using best efforts to sell, market, advertise, or promote any Third-Party Brewer’s Beer,
which may be defined as efforts designed to achieve and maintain the highest practicable sales volume and retail placement of the
Third Party Brewer’s Beer in a geographic area.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Final Judgment shall prohibit Defendant ABI from entering into or enforcing an agreement with any
Independent Distributor requiring the Independent Distributor to use best efforts to sell, market, advertise, or promote Defendant ABI’s Beer, which
may be defined as efforts designed to achieve and maintain the highest practicable sales volume and retail placement of Defendant ABI’s Beer in a
geographic area. Defendant
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ABI may condition incentives, programs, or contractual terms based on an Independent Distributor’s volume of sales of Defendant ABI’s Beer, the
retail placement of Defendant ABI’s Beer, or on Defendant ABI’s percentage of Beer industry sales in a geographic area (such percentage not to be
defined by reference to or derived from information obtained from Independent Distributors concerning their sales of any Third-Party Brewer’s Beer),
provided, however, that any such incentives, programs, or contractual terms may not require or encourage an Independent Distributor to provide less
than best efforts to the sale, marketing, advertising, retail placement, or promotion of any Third-Party Brewer’s Beer or to discontinue the distribution of
a Third-Party Brewer’s Beer. Defendant ABI may require an Independent Distributor to allocate to Defendant ABI’s Beer a proportion of the
Independent Distributor’s annual spending on Beer promotions and incentives not to exceed the proportion of revenues that Defendant ABI’s Beer
constitutes in the Independent Distributor’s overall revenue for Beer sales in the preceding year.
E. Defendant ABI shall not disapprove an Independent Distributor’s selection of a general manager or successor general manager based on the
Independent Distributor’s sales, marketing, advertising, promotion, or retail placement of a Third-Party Brewer’s Beer.
F. When exercising any right related to the transfer of control, ownership, or equity in any Distributor to any other Distributor, Defendant ABI
shall not give weight to or base any decision to exercise such right upon either Distributor’ s business relationship with a Third-Party
Brewer—including, but not limited to, such Distributor’s sales, marketing, advertising, promotion, or retail placement of a Third-Party Brewer’s Beer.
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G. Defendant ABI shall not request or require an Independent Distributor to report to Defendant ABI, whether in aggregated or disaggregated
form, the Independent Distributor’s revenues, profits, margins, costs, sales volumes, or other financial information associated with the purchase, sale, or
distribution of a Third-Party Brewer’s Beer. Nothing in the foregoing sentence shall prohibit Defendant ABI from requesting the reporting of general
financial information by an Independent Distributor to assess the overall financial condition and financial viability of such Independent Distributor, or
the percentage of total Beer revenues received by the Independent Distributor in the prior year associated with the purchase, sale, or distribution of
Defendant ABI’s Beer distributed by the Independent Distributor, provided that the requested information does not disclose or enable Defendant ABI to
infer the disaggregated revenues, profits, margins, costs, or sales volumes associated with the Independent Distributor’s purchase, sale, or distribution of
Third-Party Brewers’ Beer. Nothing herein shall prevent Defendant ABI from conducting ordinary course due diligence in connection with any potential
acquisition of an Independent Distributor.
H. Defendant ABI shall not discriminate against, penalize, or otherwise retaliate against any Distributor because such Distributor raises, alleges,
or otherwise brings to the attention of the United States or the Monitoring Trustee an actual, potential, or perceived violation of Section V of this Final
Judgment.
I. Within ten (10) business days after entry of this Final Judgment, Defendant ABI shall provide the United States, for the United States to approve
in its sole discretion, with a proposed form of written notification to be provided to any Independent Distributor that distributes Defendant ABI’s Beer in
the Territory. Such notification shall (1) explain the practices prohibited by Section V of this Final Judgment, (2) describe the changes Defendant ABI is
making to any programs, agreements, or any interpretations of agreements required to comply with Section V of this Final Judgment, and (3) inform the
Independent Distributor of its
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right, without fear of retaliation, to bring to the attention of any Monitoring Trustee appointed pursuant to Section VIII of this Final Judgment or the
United States any actions by Defendant ABI which the Independent Distributor believes may violate Section V of this Final Judgment. Within ten
(10) business days after receiving the approval of the United States, Defendant ABI shall make reasonable efforts to furnish the approved notification
described above, together with a paper or electronic copy of this Final Judgment, to any Independent Distributor that distributes Defendant ABI’s Beer
in the Territory.
A. If following Completion of the Transaction Defendant ABI has not divested the Divestiture Assets within the time period specified in Section
IV.A, Defendant ABI shall notify the United States of that fact in writing. Upon application of the United States, the Court shall appoint a Divestiture
Trustee selected by the United States and approved by the Court to divest the Divestiture Assets in a manner consistent with this Final Judgment.
B. After the appointment of a Divestiture Trustee becomes effective, only the Divestiture Trustee shall have the right to sell the Divestiture Assets.
The Divestiture Trustee shall have the power and authority to accomplish the divestiture to an Acquirer acceptable to the United States at such price and
on such terms as are then obtainable upon reasonable effort by the Divestiture Trustee, subject to the provisions of Sections IV, VI, and VII of this Final
Judgment, and shall have such other powers as this Court deems appropriate.
C. Subject to Section VI.E of this Final Judgment, the Divestiture Trustee may hire at the cost and expense of Defendant ABI any investment
bankers, attorneys, or other agents, who shall be solely accountable to the Divestiture Trustee, reasonably necessary in the Divestiture Trustee’s
judgment to assist in the divestiture. Any such investment bankers, attorneys, or other agents shall serve on such terms and conditions as the United
States approves including confidentiality requirements and conflict of interest certifications.
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D. Defendant ABI shall not object to a sale by the Divestiture Trustee on any ground other than the Divestiture Trustee’s malfeasance. Any such
objection by Defendant ABI must be conveyed in writing to the United States and the Divestiture Trustee within ten (10) calendar days after the
Divestiture Trustee has provided the notice required under Section VII.A.
E. The Divestiture Trustee shall serve at the cost and expense of Defendant ABI pursuant to a written agreement, on such terms and conditions as
the United States approves including confidentiality requirements and conflict of interest certifications. The Divestiture Trustee shall account for all
monies derived from the sale of the assets sold by the Divestiture Trustee and all costs and expenses so incurred. After approval by the Court of the
Divestiture Trustee’s accounting, including fees for its services yet unpaid and those of any professionals and agents retained by the Divestiture Trustee,
all remaining money shall be paid to Defendant ABI and the trust shall then be terminated. The compensation of the Divestiture Trustee and any
professionals and agents retained by the Divestiture Trustee shall be reasonable in light of the value of the Divestiture Assets and based on a fee
arrangement providing the Divestiture Trustee with an incentive based on the price and terms of the divestiture and the speed with which it is
accomplished, but timeliness is paramount. If the Divestiture Trustee and Defendant ABI are unable to reach agreement on the Divestiture Trustee’s or
any agents’ or consultants’ compensation or other terms and conditions of engagement within fourteen (14) calendar days of appointment of the
Divestiture Trustee, the United States may, in its sole discretion, take appropriate action, including making a recommendation to the Court. The
Divestiture Trustee shall, within three (3) business days of hiring any other professionals or agents, provide written
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notice of such hiring and the rate of compensation to Defendant ABI and the United States. Defendant ABI shall use its best efforts to assist the
Divestiture Trustee in accomplishing the required divestiture. The Divestiture Trustee and any consultants, accountants, attorneys, and other persons
retained by the Divestiture Trustee shall have full and complete access to the personnel, books, records, and facilities of the business to be divested, and
Defendant ABI shall develop financial and other information relevant to such business as the Divestiture Trustee may reasonably request, subject to
reasonable protection for trade secret or other confidential research, development, or commercial information. Defendant ABI shall take no action to
interfere with or to impede the Divestiture Trustee’s accomplishment of the divestiture.
F. After its appointment, the Divestiture Trustee shall file monthly reports with the United States and the Court setting forth the Divestiture
Trustee’s efforts to accomplish the divestiture ordered under this Final Judgment. To the extent such reports contain information that the Divestiture
Trustee deems confidential, such reports shall not be filed in the public docket of the Court. Such reports shall include the name, address, and telephone
number of each person who, during the preceding month, made an offer to acquire, expressed an interest in acquiring, entered into negotiations to
acquire, or was contacted or made an inquiry about acquiring the Divestiture Assets, and shall describe in detail each contact with any such person. The
Divestiture Trustee shall maintain full records of all efforts made to divest the Divestiture Assets.
G. If the Divestiture Trustee has not accomplished the divestiture ordered under this Final Judgment within six (6) months after its appointment,
the Divestiture Trustee shall promptly file with the Court a report setting forth (1) the Divestiture Trustee’s efforts to accomplish the required
divestiture, (2) the reasons, in the Divestiture Trustee’s judgment, why
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the required divestiture has not been accomplished, and (3) the Divestiture Trustee’s recommendations. To the extent such reports contain information
that the Divestiture Trustee deems confidential, such reports shall not be filed in the public docket of the Court. The Divestiture Trustee shall at the same
time furnish such report to Defendant ABI and to the United States, which shall have the right to make additional recommendations consistent with the
purpose of the trust. The Court thereafter shall enter such orders as it shall deem appropriate to carry out the purpose of the Final Judgment, which may,
if necessary, include extending the trust and the term of the Divestiture Trustee’s appointment by a period requested by the United States.
H. If the United States determines that the Divestiture Trustee has ceased to act or failed to act diligently or in a reasonably cost-effective manner,
it may recommend the Court appoint a substitute Divestiture Trustee:
A. Within two (2) business days following execution of a definitive divestiture agreement with an Acquirer other than Molson Coors, Defendant
ABI or the Divestiture Trustee, whichever is then responsible for effecting the divestiture required herein, shall notify the United States of any proposed
divestiture required by Section IV of this Final Judgment. If the Divestiture Trustee is responsible, it shall similarly notify Defendant ABI. The notice
shall set forth the details of the proposed divestiture and list the name, address, and telephone number of each person who offered or expressed an
interest in or desire to acquire any ownership interest in the Divestiture Assets or, in the case of the Divestiture Trustee, any update of the information
required to be provided under Section VI.G above.
B. Within fifteen (15) calendar days of receipt by the United States of such notice, the United States may request from Defendant ABI, the
proposed Acquirer, any other third party, or the Divestiture Trustee if applicable, additional information concerning the proposed divestiture, the
proposed Acquirer, and any other potential Acquirer. Defendant ABI and the Divestiture Trustee shall furnish any additional information requested
within fifteen (15) calendar days of the receipt of the request, unless the parties shall otherwise agree.
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C. Within thirty (30) calendar days after receipt of the notice or within twenty (20) calendar days after the United States has been provided the
additional information requested from Defendant ABI, the proposed Acquirer, any third party, and the Divestiture Trustee, whichever is later, the United
States shall provide written notice to Defendant ABI and the Divestiture Trustee, stating whether or not it objects to the proposed divestiture. If the
United States provides written notice that it does not object, the divestiture may be consummated, subject only to Defendant ABI’s limited right to
object to the sale under Section VI.D of this Final Judgment. Absent written notice that the United States does not object to the proposed Acquirer or
upon objection by the United States, a divestiture proposed under Section VI shall not be consummated. Upon objection by Defendant ABI under
Section VI.D, a divestiture proposed under Section VI shall not be consummated unless approved by the Court.
A. Upon the filing of this Final Judgment, the United States may, in its sole discretion, appoint a Monitoring Trustee, subject to approval by the
Court.
B. The Monitoring Trustee shall have the power and authority to monitor Defendants’ compliance with the terms of this Final Judgment and the
Hold Separate Stipulation and Order entered by this Court, and shall have such other powers as this Court deems appropriate. The Monitoring Trustee
shall investigate and report on the Defendants’ compliance with their respective obligations under this Final Judgment and Defendants’ efforts to
effectuate the purposes of this Final Judgment, including but not limited to, reviewing (a) complaints that Defendant ABI has violated Section V of this
Final Judgment; (b) the implementation of the
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compliance plan required by Section XIII.B of this Final Judgment; and (c) any claimed breach of the Transition Services Agreements, License
Agreements, Interim Supply Agreements, or other agreement between Defendant ABI and the Acquirer that may affect the accomplishment of the
purposes of this Final Judgment. If the Monitoring Trustee determines that any violation of the Final Judgment or breach of any related agreement has
occurred, the Monitoring Trustee shall recommend an appropriate remedy to the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice (the
“Antitrust Division”), which, in its sole discretion, can accept, modify, or reject a recommendation to pursue a remedy.
C. Subject to Section VIII.E of this Final Judgment, the Monitoring Trustee may hire at the cost and expense of Defendant ABI, any consultants,
accountants, attorneys, or other persons, who shall be solely accountable to the Monitoring Trustee, reasonably necessary in the Monitoring Trustee’s
judgment.
D. Defendants shall not object to actions taken by the Monitoring Trustee in fulfillment of the Monitoring Trustee’s responsibilities on any ground
other than the Monitoring Trustee’s malfeasance. Any such objection by Defendants must be conveyed in writing to the United States and the
Monitoring Trustee within ten (10) calendar days after the action taken by the Monitoring Trustee giving rise to Defendants’ objection.
E. The Monitoring Trustee shall serve at the cost and expense of Defendant ABI on such terms and conditions as the United States approves. The
compensation of the Monitoring Trustee and any consultants, accountants, attorneys, and other persons retained by the Monitoring Trustee shall be on
reasonable and customary terms commensurate with the individuals’ experience and responsibilities: The Monitoring Trustee shall, within three (3)
business days of hiring any consultants, accountants, attorneys, or other persons, provide written notice of such hiring and the rate of compensation to
Defendant ABI.
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F. The Monitoring Trustee shall have no responsibility or obligation for the operation of Defendants’ businesses.
G. Defendants shall use their best efforts to assist the Monitoring Trustee in monitoring Defendants’ compliance with their respective obligations
under this Final Judgment and under the Hold Separate Stipulation and Order. The Monitoring Trustee and any consultants, accountants, attorneys, and
other persons retained by the Monitoring Trustee shall have full and complete access to the personnel, books, records, and facilities relating to
compliance with this Final Judgment, subject to reasonable protection for trade secret or other confidential research, development, or commercial
information or any applicable privileges, to the extent Defendants have the right to provide such access. Defendants shall take no action to interfere with
or to impede the Monitoring Trustee’s accomplishment of its responsibilities.
H. After its appointment, the Monitoring Trustee shall file reports every ninety (90) days, or more frequently as needed, with the United States
and, as appropriate, the Court setting forth the Defendants’ efforts to comply with their individual obligations under this Final Judgment and under the
Hold Separate Stipulation and Order. To the extent such reports contain information that the Monitoring Trustee deems confidential, such reports shall
not be filed in the public docket of the Court.
I. The Monitoring Trustee shall serve until the sale of all the Divestiture Assets is finalized pursuant to either Section IV or Section VI of this
Final Judgment and the Transition Services Agreements and the Interim Supply Agreements have expired and all other relief has been completed as
defined in Section V unless the United States, in its sole discretion, authorizes the early termination of the Monitoring Trustee’s service.
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IX. FINANCING
Defendants shall not finance all or any part of any purchase made pursuant to Section IV or Section VI of this Final Judgment.
X. HOLD SEPARATE
Until the divestiture required by this Final Judgment has been accomplished, or the Transaction is abandoned by the Defendants in accordance
with the terms of the Co-Operation Agreement between the Defendants dated November 11, 2015 and the United States has notified the Court,
Defendants shall take all steps necessary to comply with the Hold Separate Stipulation and Order entered by this Court. Defendants shall take no action
that would jeopardize the divestiture ordered by this Court.
XI. AFFIDAVITS
A. Within twenty (20) calendar days of the filing of this proposed Final Judgment, and every thirty (30) calendar days thereafter until the
divestiture has been completed under Section IV or Section VI, each Defendant shall deliver to the United States an affidavit as to the fact and manner
of its compliance with Section IV or Section VI of this Final Judgment. Each such affidavit on behalf of Defendant ABI shall also include the name,
address, and telephone number of each person who, during the preceding thirty (30) calendar days, made an offer to acquire, expressed an interest in
acquiring, entered into negotiations to acquire, or was contacted or made an inquiry about acquiring, any interest in the Divestiture Assets, and shall
describe in detail each contact with any such person during that period. Defendant ABI’s affidavit shall also include a description of the efforts
Defendant ABI has taken to solicit buyers for the Divestiture Assets, and to provide required information to prospective Acquirers, including the
limitations, if any, on such information. Assuming the information set forth in the affidavit is true and complete, any objection by the United States to
information provided by Defendants, including limitation on information, shall be made within fourteen (14) calendar days of receipt of such affidavit.
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B. Within twenty (20) calendar days of the filing of this proposed Final Judgment, each Defendant shall deliver to the United States an affidavit
that describes in reasonable detail all actions it has taken and all steps it has implemented on an ongoing basis to comply with Section X of this Final
Judgment. Each Defendant shall deliver to the United States an affidavit describing any changes to the efforts and actions outlined in its earlier
affidavits filed pursuant to this section within fifteen (15) calendar days after the change is implemented.
C. Defendants shall keep all records of all efforts made to preserve and divest the Divestiture Assets until one year after the date of the divestiture.
A. Unless such transaction is otherwise subject to the reporting and waiting period requirements of the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements
Act of 1976, as amended, 15 U.S.C. § 18a (the “HSR Act”), Defendant ABI, without providing at least thirty (30) calendar days advance notification to
the United States, shall not directly or indirectly acquire or license a Covered Interest in or from a Covered Entity.
B. Any such notification shall be provided to the Antitrust Division in the same format as, and per the instructions relating to the Notification and
Report Form set forth in the Appendix to Part 803 of Title 16 of the Code of Federal Regulations as amended. Notification shall be provided at least
thirty (30) calendar days prior to acquiring any such interest. If within the 30-day period after notification, representatives of the Antitrust Division
make a written request for additional information, Defendant ABI shall not consummate the proposed transaction or agreement until thirty (30) calendar
days after submitting all such additional information. Early termination of the waiting periods in this paragraph may be requested and, where
appropriate, granted in the same manner as is applicable under the requirements and provisions of the HSR Act and rules promulgated thereunder.
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C. All references to the HSR Act in this Final Judgment refer to the HSR Act as it exists at the time of the transaction or agreement and
incorporate any subsequent amendments to the HSR Act. This Section XII shall be broadly construed and any ambiguity or uncertainty regarding the
filing of notice under this Section XII shall be resolved in favor of filing notice.
A. Each Defendant shall implement and maintain procedures to prevent the disclosure of Confidential Information by or through Defendants to
Defendants’ respective affiliates who are involved in the marketing, distribution, or sale of Beer or other beverages in the Territory, or to any other
person who does not have a need to know the information.
B. Each Defendant shall, within ten (10) business days of the entry of the Hold Separate Stipulation and Order, submit to the United States a
compliance plan setting forth in detail the procedures implemented to effect compliance with Section XIII.A of this Final Judgment. In the event that the
United States rejects a Defendant’s compliance plan, that Defendant shall be given the opportunity to submit, within ten (10) business days of receiving
the notice of rejection, a revised compliance plan. If the United States and a Defendant cannot agree on a compliance plan, the United States shall have
the right to request that the Court rule on whether the Defendant’s proposed compliance plan is reasonable.
C. Each Defendant may submit to the United States evidence relating to the actual operation of its respective compliance plan in support of a
request to modify such compliance plan set forth in this Section XIII. In determining whether it would be appropriate to consent to modify the
compliance plan, the United States, in its sole discretion, shall consider the need to protect Confidential Information and the impact the compliance plan
has had on Defendant ABI’s ability to efficiently provide services, supplies, and products under the Transition Services Agreements, the License
Agreements, the Interim Supply Agreements, and any agreements entered into between Defendant ABI and the Acquirer subject to Section V.C.
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D. Defendants shall prior to the Completion of the Transaction, and Defendant ABI shall following Closing:
I. furnish a copy of this Final Judgment and related Competitive Impact Statement within sixty (60) days of entry of the Final
Judgment to (a) each officer, director, and any other employee that will receive Confidential Information; (b) each officer, director,
and any other employee that is involved in (i) any contact with the Acquirer or MillerCoors, (ii) making decisions under the
Transition Services Agreements, the License Agreements, the Interim Supply Agreements, and any agreements entered into between
Defendants and the Acquirer subject to Section V.C, or (iii) making decisions regarding Defendant ABI’s relationships with,
agreements with, or policies regarding Distributors; and (c) any successor to a person designated in Section XIII.D.1(a) or (b);
2. annually brief each person designated in Section XIII.D.1 on the meaning and requirements of this Final Judgment and the antitrust
laws; and
3. obtain from each person designated in Section XIII.D.l, within sixty (60) days of that person’s receipt of the Final Judgment, a
certification that he or she (i) has read and, to the best of his or her ability, understands and agrees to abide by the terms of this Final
Judgment; (ii) is not aware of any violation of the Final Judgment that has not been reported to the company; and (iii) understands
that any person’s failure to comply with this Final Judgment may result in an enforcement action for civil or criminal contempt of
court against that Defendant and/or any person who violates this Final Judgment.
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XIV. COMPLIANCE INSPECTION
A. For the purposes of determining or securing compliance with this Final Judgment, or of determining whether the Final Judgment should be
modified or vacated, and subject to any legally recognized privilege, from time to time authorized representatives of the Antitrust Division, including
consultants and other persons retained by the United States, shall, upon written request of an authorized representative of the Assistant Attorney General
in charge of the Antitrust Division, and on reasonable notice to Defendants, be permitted:
1. access during Defendants’ office hours to inspect and copy, or at the option of the United States, to require Defendants to provide
hard copy or electronic copies of, all books, ledgers, accounts, records, data, and documents in the possession, custody, or control of
Defendants, relating to any matters contained in this Final Judgment; and
2. to interview, either informally or on the record, Defendants’ officers, employees, or agents, who may have their individual counsel
present, regarding such matters. The interviews shall be subject to the reasonable convenience of the interviewee and without
restraint or interference by Defendants.
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B. Upon the written request of an authorized representative of the Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Antitrust Division, Defendants shall
submit written reports or respond to written interrogatories, under oath if requested, relating to any of the matters contained in this Final Judgment as
may be requested. Written reports authorized under this paragraph may, at the sole discretion of the United States, require Defendants to conduct, at
Defendants’ cost, an independent audit or analysis relating to any of the matters contained in this Final Judgment.
C. No information or documents obtained by the means provided in this section shall be divulged by the United States to any person other than an
authorized representative of the executive branch of the United States, except in the course of legal proceedings to which the United States is a party
(including grand jury proceedings), or for the purpose of securing compliance with this Final Judgment, or as otherwise required by law.
D. If at the time information or documents are furnished by Defendants to the United States, Defendants represent and identify in writing the
material in any such information or documents to which a claim of protection may be asserted under the Protective Order, then the United States shall
give Defendants ten (10) calendar days notice prior to divulging such material in any legal proceeding (other than a grand jury proceeding).
XV. NO REACQUISITION
Defendant ABI may not reacquire any part of the Divestiture Assets during the term of this Final Judgment.
XVI. BANKRUPTCY
The failure of any party to any agreement entered into to comply with this Final Judgment to perform any remaining obligations of such party
under the agreement shall not excuse performance by the other party of its obligations thereunder. Accordingly, for purposes of Section 365(n) of the
Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978, as amended, and codified as 11 U.S.C. §§ 101 et. seq. (the “Bankruptcy Code”) or any analogous provision under any
law of any foreign or domestic, federal, state, provincial, local, municipal or other governmental jurisdiction
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relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization (“Foreign Bankruptcy Law”), (a) the agreement will not be deemed to be an executory contract, and
(b) if for any reason a License Agreement is deemed to be an executory contract, the licenses granted under the License Agreement shall be deemed to
be licenses to rights in “intellectual property” as defined in Section 101 of the Bankruptcy Code or any analogous provision of Foreign Bankruptcy Law
and the Acquirer shall be protected in the continued enjoyment of its right under the License Agreement including, without limitation, the Acquirer so
elects, the protection conferred upon licensees under 11 U.S.C. Section 365(n) of the Bankruptcy Code or any analogous provision of Foreign
Bankruptcy Law.
This Court retains jurisdiction to enable any party to this Final Judgment to apply to this Court at any time for further orders and directions as may
be necessary or appropriate to carry out or construe this Final Judgment, to modify any of its provisions, to ensure and enforce compliance, and to
punish violations of its provisions.
A. The United States retains and reserves all rights to enforce the provisions of this Final Judgment, including its right to seek an order of
contempt from this Court. Defendants agree that in any civil contempt action, any motion to show cause; or any similar action brought by the United
States regarding an alleged violation of this Final Judgment, the United States may establish a violation of the decree and the appropriateness of any
remedy therefor by a preponderance of the evidence, and they waive any argument that a different standard of proof should apply.
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B. In any enforcement proceeding in which the Court finds that the Defendants have violated this Final Judgment, the United States may apply to
the Court for a one-time extension of this Final Judgment, together with such other relief as may be appropriate. Defendants agree to reimburse the
United States for any attorneys’ fees, experts’ fees, and costs incurred in connection with any effort to enforce this Final Judgment.
Unless this Court grants an extension, this Final Judgment shall expire ten (10) years from the date the United States filed its Complaint, except
that after five (5) years from the date of its entry, this Final Judgment may be terminated upon notice by the United States to the Court and Defendants
that the divestitures have been completed and that the continuation of the Final Judgment no longer is necessary or in the public interest.
Entry of this Final Judgment is in the public interest. The parties have complied with the requirements of the Antitrust Procedures and Penalties
Act, 15 U.S.C. § 16, including making copies available to the public of this Final Judgment, the Competitive Impact Statement, and any comments
thereon and the United States’ responses to comments. Based upon the record before the Court, which includes the Competitive Impact Statement and
any comments and response to comments filed with the Court, entry of this Final Judgment is in the public interest.
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Attachment A Miller Brands
1. Hamm’s
A. Hamm’s
B. Hamm’s Golden Draft
C. Hamm’s Special Light
2. Icehouse
A. Icehouse 5.0
B. Icehouse 5.5
C. Icehouse Light
4. Mickey’s
A. Mickey’s
B. Mickey’s Ice
5. Miller
A. Miller Chill
B. Miller Dark
C. Miller Genuine Draft
D. Miller Genuine Draft Light
E. Miller Genuine Draft 64
F. Miller High Life
G. Miller High Life Light
H. Miller Lite
I. Miller Mac’s Light
J. Miller Pilsner
K. Miller Special
6. Milwaukee’s
A. Milwaukee’s Best
B. Milwaukee’s Best Dry
C. Milwaukee’s Best Ice
D. Milwaukee’s Best Light
7. Olde English
A. Olde English 800
B. Olde English 800 7.5
C. Olde English High Gravity 800
8. Red Dog
9. Sharp’s (Non-Alcohol)
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10. Southpaw Light
11. Steel
A. Steel Reserve Triple Export 8.1%
B. Steel Reserve High Gravity
C. Steel Reserve High Gravity 6.0
D. Steel Six
14. Leinenkugel’s
A. Leinenkugel’s Apple Spice
B. Leinenkugel’s Berry Weiss
C. Leinenkugel’s BIG BUTT
D. Leinenkugel’s Creamy Dark
E. Leinenkugel’s Honey Weiss
F. Leinenkugel’s Light
G. Leinenkugel’s Oktoberfest
H. Leinenkugel’s Original Lager
I. Leinenkugel’s Red Lager
J. Leinenkugel’s Sunset Wheat
15. Sparks
A. Sparks
B. Sparks Light
C. Sparks Plus 6%
D. Sparks Plus 7%
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Attachment B
Import Brands
1. Pilsner Urquell
2. Peroni
3. Grolsch
4. Tyskie
5. Lech
6. Cerveza Aguila
7. Cristal
8. Cusquena
9. Sheaf Stout
10. Castle Lager
11. Victoria Bitter
12. Crown Lager
13. Pure Blonde
14. Carlton Draught and Carlton Dry
15. Matilda Bay Brewing Company products described in the Exploitation of Rights Agreement between MBBC Pty Ltd (ACN 009 077 703) and
MillerCoors LLC dated as of March 31, 2013
16. Cascade Brewery Company products described in the Exploitation of Rights Agreement between Cascade Brewery Company Pty Ltd (ACN 058
152 195) and MillerCoors LLC dated as of March 31, 2013
17. Caguama
18. Cantina
19. Pilsener
20. Regia
21. Suprema
22. Taurino
23. Barena
24. Port Royal
25. Salva Vida
26. Santiago
27. Haywards 5000
28. Arriba
29. Caballo
30. Cabana
31. Del Mar
32. San Lucas
33. Tocayo
34. Rialto
35. to the extent not otherwise listed herein, La Constancia S.A. de C.V. products described in the Supplier-Importer Agreement, dated as of July 11,
2005 between La Constancia S. S.A. de C.V. and Winery Exchange, Inc.
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Attachment C
Defendant ABI’s Calculation Beer Volume Sold Through ABI-Owned Distributors
For purposes of Section V.B., the percentage of Defendant ABI’s Beer sold by ABI-Owned Distributors in the Territory will be calculated according to
the following formula:
X
Percentage = Y x 100
Y= volume of Defendant ABI’s Beer that was sold to retailers in the Territory during the Relevant Period, as indicated by the most comprehensive data
then used by ABI (currently, ABI’s BudNet system).
38
Exhibit 12.1
1) I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (the “Company”);
2) Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make
the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by
this report;
3) Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects
the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4) The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and
15d-15(f)) for the Company and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our
supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known
to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed
under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions
about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on
such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period
covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal
control over financial reporting; and
5) The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to
the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which
are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information;
and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting.
1) I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (the “Company”);
2) Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make
the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by
this report;
3) Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects
the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4) The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and
15d-15(f)) for the Company and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our
supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to
us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under
our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about
the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such
evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period
covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control
over financial reporting; and
5) The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to
the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting.
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code), each
undersigned officer of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (the “Company”), hereby certifies, to such officer’s knowledge, that:
The Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended 31 December 2018 (the “Form 20-F”) of the Company fully complies with the requirements of
Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and information contained in the Form 20-F fairly presents, in all
material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Deloitte Bedrijfsrevisoren /
Reviseurs d’Entreprises
Gateway Building
Luchthaven Nationaal 1 J
1930 Zaventem
Belgium
Tel. + 32 2 800 20 00
Fax + 32 2 800 20 01
www.deloitte.com
We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration No. 333-223774 on Form F-3 and Registration Statements Nos. 333-227335, 333-221808,
333-165065, 333-165566, 333-169272, 333-171231, 333-172069, 333-178664, 333-188517, 333-192806, 333-201386 and 333-208634 on Form S-8 of
our reports dated 13 March 2019, relating to the 2018, 2017 and 2016 financial statements, and the effectiveness of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV’s
internal control over financial reporting as of 31 December 2018, appearing in this Annual Report on Form 20-F of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV for
the year ended 31 December 2018.
Deloitte Bedrijfsrevisoren/
Réviseurs d’Entreprises
Gateway building
Luchthaven Brussel Nationaal 1 J
22 March 2019 1930 Zaventem
Belgium
Securities and Exchange Commission Tel. + 32 2 800 20 00
100 F Street, N.E. Fax + 32 2 800 20 01
Washington, D.C. 20549-7561 www.deloitte.com
Commissioners:
We have read Item 16F of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV’s Form 20-F dated 22 March 2019, and have the following comments:
1. We agree with the statements made in paragraphs two, three and four in the section “Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant”.
2. We have no basis on which to agree or disagree with other statements of the registrant contained therein.
Yours truly,