Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 34 views

    Chapter 11 Slides

    Uploaded by

    Aiena Azlan
    This document introduces refrigeration cycles and vapor-compression refrigeration cycles. It discusses the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle which involves vaporizing the refrigerant completely before compressing it. The actual vapor-compression cycle differs from the ideal cycle due to irreversibilities from pressure drops and heat transfer, which decrease the COP. The ideal reversed Carnot cycle is not practical for refrigeration due to limitations in compressing two-phase mixtures and expanding high-moisture refrigerants.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Chapter 11 Slides

    Uploaded by

    Aiena Azlan
    34 views7 pages
    This document introduces refrigeration cycles and vapor-compression refrigeration cycles. It discusses the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle which involves vaporizing the refrigerant completely before compressing it. The actual vapor-compression cycle differs from the ideal cycle due to irreversibilities from pressure drops and heat transfer, which decrease the COP. The ideal reversed Carnot cycle is not practical for refrigeration due to limitations in compressing two-phase mixtures and expanding high-moisture refrigerants.

    Original Description:

    nota

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document introduces refrigeration cycles and vapor-compression refrigeration cycles. It discusses the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle which involves vaporizing the refrigerant completely before compressing it. The actual vapor-compression cycle differs from the ideal cycle due to irreversibilities from pressure drops and heat transfer, which decrease the COP. The ideal reversed Carnot cycle is not practical for refrigeration due to limitations in compressing two-phase mixtures and expanding high-moisture refrigerants.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    34 views7 pages

    Chapter 11 Slides

    Uploaded by

    Aiena Azlan
    This document introduces refrigeration cycles and vapor-compression refrigeration cycles. It discusses the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle which involves vaporizing the refrigerant completely before compressing it. The actual vapor-compression cycle differs from the ideal cycle due to irreversibilities from pressure drops and heat transfer, which decrease the COP. The ideal reversed Carnot cycle is not practical for refrigeration due to limitations in compressing two-phase mixtures and expanding high-moisture refrigerants.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    CHE 433 Thermodynamics

    Chapter 11:

    REFRIGERATION CYCLES
    Objectives

    • Introduce the concepts of refrigerators and heat pumps


    and the measure of their performance.
    • Analyze the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle.
    • Analyze the actual vapor-compression refrigeration cycle.

    2
    REFRIGERATORS
    AND HEAT PUMPS
    The transfer of heat from a low-temperature
    region to a high-temperature one requires
    special devices called refrigerators.
    Refrigerators and heat pumps are essentially
    the same devices; they differ in their
    objectives only.

    for fixed values of QL and QH

    The objective of a refrigerator is to remove heat


    (QL) from the cold medium; the objective of a heat
    pump is to supply heat (QH) to a warm medium.
    3
    The reversed Carnot cycle is the most efficient
    refrigeration cycle operating between TL and TH.
    THE REVERSED
    However, it is not a suitable model for refrigeration CARNOT CYCLE
    cycles since processes 2-3 and 4-1 are not practical
    because
    Process 2-3 involves the compression of a liquid–vapor
    mixture, which requires a compressor that will handle
    two phases, and process 4-1 involves the expansion of
    high-moisture-content refrigerant in a turbine.
    Both COPs increase
    as the difference
    between the two
    temperatures
    decreases, that is, as
    TL rises or TH falls.

    Schematic of a
    Carnot refrigerator
    and T-s diagram
    of the reversed
    Carnot cycle. 4
    THE IDEAL VAPOR-COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION CYCLE
    The vapor-compression refrigeration cycle is the ideal model for refrigeration
    systems. Unlike the reversed Carnot cycle, the refrigerant is vaporized completely
    before it is compressed and the turbine is replaced with a throttling device.

    This is the
    most widely
    used cycle for
    refrigerators,
    A-C systems,
    and heat
    pumps.

    Schematic and T-s diagram for the ideal


    vapor-compression refrigeration cycle. 5
    The ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle involves an irreversible (throttling)
    process to make it a more realistic model for the actual systems.
    Replacing the expansion valve by a turbine is not practical since the added
    benefits cannot justify the added cost and complexity.
    Steady-flow
    energy balance

    An ordinary
    household
    refrigerator.
    The P-h diagram of an ideal vapor-
    compression refrigeration cycle.
    6
    ACTUAL VAPOR-COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION CYCLE
    An actual vapor-compression refrigeration cycle differs from the ideal one in
    several ways, owing mostly to the irreversibilities that occur in various
    components, mainly due to fluid friction (causes pressure drops) and heat transfer
    to or from the surroundings. The COP decreases as a result of irreversibilities.

    DIFFERENCES
    Non-isentropic
    compression
    Superheated vapor
    at evaporator exit
    Subcooled liquid at
    condenser exit
    Pressure drops in
    condenser and
    evaporator

    Schematic and T-s diagram for the actual


    vapor-compression refrigeration cycle. 7

    You might also like