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    In Java? (: Answer

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    Bianca Ionela Grigoraș
    Java achieves platform independence through bytecode and the Java Virtual Machine. The ClassLoader loads bytecodes for classes and can be written by developers. To check if a number is even or odd, use a bitwise operator like AND, as even numbers will have a 0 at the end of their binary representation, while odd numbers have a 1. The key differences between ArrayList and HashSet are that ArrayList allows ordering and duplicates while HashSet does not.

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    In Java? (: Answer

    Uploaded by

    Bianca Ionela Grigoraș
    64 views7 pages
    Java achieves platform independence through bytecode and the Java Virtual Machine. The ClassLoader loads bytecodes for classes and can be written by developers. To check if a number is even or odd, use a bitwise operator like AND, as even numbers will have a 0 at the end of their binary representation, while odd numbers have a 1. The key differences between ArrayList and HashSet are that ArrayList allows ordering and duplicates while HashSet does not.

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    Java questions for interview

    Original Title

    Java_interview

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    Java achieves platform independence through bytecode and the Java Virtual Machine. The ClassLoader loads bytecodes for classes and can be written by developers. To check if a number is even or odd, use a bitwise operator like AND, as even numbers will have a 0 at the end of their binary representation, while odd numbers have a 1. The key differences between ArrayList and HashSet are that ArrayList allows ordering and duplicates while HashSet does not.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    64 views7 pages

    In Java? (: Answer

    Uploaded by

    Bianca Ionela Grigoraș
    Java achieves platform independence through bytecode and the Java Virtual Machine. The ClassLoader loads bytecodes for classes and can be written by developers. To check if a number is even or odd, use a bitwise operator like AND, as even numbers will have a 0 at the end of their binary representation, while odd numbers have a 1. The key differences between ArrayList and HashSet are that ArrayList allows ordering and duplicates while HashSet does not.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 7

    1) How does Java achieve platform independence?

    (answer)
    hint: bytecode and Java Virtual Machine

    2) What is ClassLoader in Java? (answer)


    hint: part of JVM that loads bytecodes for classes. You can write your own.

    3) Write a Java program to check if a number is Even or Odd? (answer)


    hint: you can use bitwise operator, like bitwise AND, remember, even the number has zero at the
    end in binary format and an odd number has 1 in the end.

    4) Difference between ArrayList and HashSet in Java? (answer)


    hint: all differences between List and Set are applicable here, e.g. ordering, duplicates, random
    search, etc. See Java Fundamentals: Collections by Richard Warburton to learn more about
    ArrayList, HashSet and other important Collections in Java.
    5) What is double checked locking in Singleton? (answer)
    hint: two-time check whether instances is initialized or not, first without locking and second with
    locking.

    6) How do you create thread-safe Singleton in Java? (answer)


    hint: many ways, like using Enum or by using double-checked locking pattern or using a nested
    static class.

    7) When to use the volatile variable in Java? (answer)


    hint: when you need to instruct the JVM that a variable can be modified by multiple threads and
    give hint to JVM that does not cache its value.

    8) When to use a transient variable in Java? (answer)


    hint: when you want to make a variable non-serializable in a class, which implements the
    Serializable interface. In other words, you can use it for a variable whose value you don’t want to
    save. See The Complete Java MasterClass to learn about transient variables in Java.

    9) Difference between the transient and volatile variable in Java? (answer)


    hint: totally different, one used in the context of serialization while the other is used in
    concurrency.

    10) Difference between Serializable and Externalizable in Java? (answer)


    hint: Externalizable gives you more control over the Serialization process.

    11) Can we override the private method in Java? (answer)


    hint: No, because it’s not visible in the subclass, a primary requirement for overriding a method
    in Java.

    12) Difference between Hashtable and HashMap in Java? (answer)


    hint: several but most important is Hashtable, which is synchronized, while HashMap is not. It's also
    legacy and slow as compared to HashMap.

    13) Difference between Listand Set in Java? (answer)


    hint: List is ordered and allows duplicate. Set is unordered and doesn't allow duplicate elements.

    14) Difference between ArrayList and Vector in Java (answer)


    hint: Many, but most important is that ArrayList is non-synchronized and fast while Vector is
    synchronized and slow. It's also legacy class like Hashtable.

    15) Difference between Hashtable and ConcurrentHashMap in Java? (answer)


    hint: more scalable. See Java Fundamentals: Collections by Richard Warburton to learn
    more.
    16) How does ConcurrentHashMap achieve scalability? (answer)
    hint: by dividing the map into segments and only locking during the write operation.

    17) Which two methods you will override for an Object to be used as Key in HashMap?
    (answer)
    hint: equals and hashcode

    18) Difference between wait and sleep in Java? (answer)


    hint: The wait() method releases the lock or monitor, while sleep doesn't.

    19) Difference between notify and notifyAll in Java? (answer)


    hint: notify notifies one random thread is waiting for that lock while notifyAll inform to all threads
    waiting for a monitor. If you are certain that only one thread is waiting then use notify, or
    else notifyAll is better. See Threading Essentials Mini-Course by Java Champion Heinz
    Kabutz to learn more about threading basics.

    20) Why you override hashcode, along with equals() in Java? (answer)
    hint: to be compliant with equals and hashcode contract, which is required if you are planning to
    store your object into collection classes, e.g. HashMap or ArrayList.

    21) What is the load factor of HashMap means? (answer)


    hint: The threshold that triggers the re-sizing of HashMap is generally 0.75, which
    means HashMap resize itself if it's 75 percent full.

    22) Difference between ArrayList and LinkedList in Java? (answer)


    hint: same as an array and linked list, one allows random search while other doesn't. Insertion
    and deletion easy on the linked list but a search is easy on an array. See Java Fundamentals:
    Collections, Richard Warburton’s course on Pluralsight, to learn more about essential
    Collection data structure in Java.

    23) Difference between CountDownLatch and CyclicBarrier in Java? (answer)


    hint: You can reuse CyclicBarrier after the barrier is broken but you cannot reuse CountDownLatch after
    the count reaches to zero.

    24) When do you use Runnable vs Thread in Java? (answer)


    hint: always

    25) What is the meaning of Enum being type-safe in Java? (answer)


    hint: It means you cannot assign an instance of different Enum type to an Enum variable. e.g. if
    you have a variable like DayOfWeek day then you cannot assign it value from DayOfMonth enum.
    26) How does Autoboxing of Integer work in Java? (answer)
    hint: By using the valueOf() method in Java.

    27) Difference between PATH and Classpath in Java? (answer)


    hint: PATH is used by the operating system while Classpath is used by JVM to locate Java binary, e.g.
    JAR files or Class files. See Java Fundamentals: The Core Platform to learn more
    about PATH, Classpath, and other Java environment variable.

    28) Difference between method overloading and overriding in Java? (answer)


    hint: Overriding happens at subclass while overloading happens in the same class. Also,
    overriding is a runtime activity while overloading is resolved at compile time.

    29) How do you prevent a class from being sub-classed in Java? (answer)
    hint: just make its constructor private

    30) How do you restrict your class from being used by your client? (answer)
    hint: make the constructor private or throw an exception from the constructor

    31) Difference between StringBuilder and StringBuffer in Java? (answer)


    hint: StringBuilder is not synchronized while StringBuffer is synchronized.

    32) Difference between Polymorphism and Inheritance in Java? (answer)


    hint: Inheritance allows code reuse and builds the relationship between class, which is required
    by Polymorphism, which provides dynamic behavior. See Java Fundamentals: Object-
    Oriented Design to learn more about OOP features.
    33) Can we override static method in Java? (answer)
    hint: No, because overriding resolves at runtime while static method call is resolved at compile
    time.

    34) Can we access the private method in Java? (answer)


    hint: yes, in the same class but not outside the class

    35) Difference between interface and abstract class in Java? (answer)


    hint: from Java 8, the difference is blurred. However, a Java class can still implement multiple
    interfaces but can only extend one class.

    36) Difference between DOM and SAX parser in Java? (answer)


    hint: DOM loads whole XML File in memory while SAX doesn’t. It is an event-based parser and
    can be used to parse a large file, but DOM is fast and should be preferred for small files.

    37) Difference between throw and throws keyword in Java? (answer)


    hint: throws declare what exception a method can throw in case of error but throw keyword
    actually throws an exception. See Java Fundamentals: Exception Handling to learn more
    about Exception handling in Java.

    38) Difference between fail-safe and fail-fast iterators in Java? (answer)


    hint: fail-safe doesn’t throw ConcurrentModificationException while fail-fast does whenever they detect
    an outside change on the underlying collection while iterating over it.

    39) Difference between Iterator and Enumeration in Java? (answer)


    hint: Iterator also gives you the ability to remove an element while iterating while Enumeration
    doesn’t allow that.
    40) What is IdentityHashMap in Java? (answer)
    hint: A Map, which uses the == equality operator to check equality instead of the equals() method.

    41) What is the String pool in Java? (answer)


    hint: A pool of String literals. Remember it's moved to heap from perm gen space in JDK 7.

    42) Can a Serializable class contains a non-serializable field in Java? (answer)


    hint: Yes, but you need to make it either static or transient.

    43) Difference between this and super in Java? (answer)


    hint: this refers to the current instance while super refers to an instance of the superclass.

    44) Difference between Comparator and Comparable in Java? (answer)


    hint: Comparator defines custom ordering while Comparable defines the natural order of objects, e.g.
    the alphabetic order for String. See The Complete Java MasterClass to learn more about
    sorting in Java.

    45) Difference between java.util.Date and java.sql.Date in Java? (answer)


    hint: former contains both date and time while later contains only date part.

    46) Why wait and notify method are declared in Object class in Java? (answer)
    hint: because they require lock which is only available to an object.
    47) Why Java doesn’t support multiple inheritances? (answer)
    hint: It doesn’t support because of a bad experience with C++, but with Java 8, it does in some
    sense — only multiple inheritances of Type are not supported in Java now.

    48) Difference between checked and unchecked Exception in Java? (answer)


    hint: In case of checked, you must handle exception using catch block, while in case of
    unchecked, it’s up to you; compile will not bother you.

    49) Difference between Error and Exception in Java? (answer)


    hint: I am tired of typing please check the answer

    50) Difference between Race condition and Deadlock in Java? (answer)


    hint: both are errors that occur in a concurrent application, one occurs because of thread
    scheduling while others occur because of poor coding. See Multithreading and Parallel
    Computing in Java to learn more about deadlock, Race Conditions, and other multithreading
    issues.

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