SOCIAL STUDIES - Chapter 1.

LANDFORMS OF THE WORLD

Questions with Answers
#Q1. What are landforms? Name the landforms of the Earth?
A1. The land covering the Earth’s surface is not uniform. At some places it rises high while at others it is flat.
The different features that made up Earth’s surface are called Landforms. There are four main
landforms - mountains, plains, plateaus and deserts.

#Q2. What are Fold Mountains? Give an example.

A2. Some mountains are formed when two large landmasses push against each other. They are called fold
mountains. The Himalayas, the Rockies in North America and the Alps in Europe are Fold Mountains.

FORMATION OF FOLD MOUNTAINS

#Q3. What is the difference between a mountain and a plateau?

SEPERATELY : What/ Describe is / are a Mountain/s? Give Example.
What/ Describe is a Plateau ? Give Example.
A3.

Mountain Plateau
Mountains are rocky masses of land that rise higher A large area of land that is higher than the
than the surroundings. They have steep slopes and surroundings and more or less flat at the top is
high peaks. Example: The Himalayas in north of known as a plateau. Example: The Deccan Plateau in
India. South India.

#Q4. What is peninsula? Give example.

A4. A landmass which projects into the sea and is surrounded by water on three sides is called peninsula.
Example: southern part of India.

#Q5. What is the difference between a perennial river and a seasonal river?
SEPERATELY : What is/ Describe a Perennial river? Give Example.
What is/Describe a Seasonal river? Give Example.
A5.

Perennial River Seasonal River

Many rivers start in the mountains from melting In South India rivers are formed by rainwater. They
snow in glaciers. They have water throughout the do not have water throughout the year. Such rivers
year and are called perennial rivers. Example: are called seasonal rivers. Example: Krishna, Kaveri.
Ganga, Yamuna.

#Q6. What is the difference between a tributary and distributaries?

SEPERATELY : What is/ Describe a Tributary? Give Example.
What is/Describe Distributaries? Give Example.
A6.

Tributary Distributaries
Smaller rivers that join a main river are called The channels into which a main river breaks are
tributaries. Example: River Yamuna is tributary of called distributaries. Example: Krishna, Kaveri.
River Ganga

#Q7. What is desert? Name some of the important deserts of the world.
A4. Desserts are large, extremely dry areas of land with scanty rainfall and less vegetation. They have
extreme temperatures. In summers, the days are very hot and nights are cool. In winters, the days are
cool and nights are extreme cold. Example: The Thar Desert of Rajasthan in India.

Contd...Pg(2)
 :2:

#Q8. What A8.

#a. is cape? (a) The tip of a peninsula is called a cape. Example: Cape Comorin of Indian
Peninsula.
#b. are plains? (b) Plains are flat lands with gentle slopes. Example: The Northern Plains of India.
#c. is a valley? (c) The low land between hills or mountains is called a valley. Example: The Kashmir
in India
#d. is coast? (d) A place where land meets the sea is called a coast. Some coasts are sandy and
straight others are rocky.
#e. is a bay? (e) A bay is a water body running into land and surrounded on three sides by land.
Example: The Bay of Bengal.
#f. is an island? (f) An island is a landmass surrounded by water on all sides. Example: The Andaman
and Nicobar Island in India. / Sri Lanka.
#g. is a delta? (g) A delta is a triangle- shaped ( /\ ) land form, formed where a river flows into the
sea. The Ganga-Brahmaputra delta is the largest delta in the world.
#h. is a pass? (h) Mountains have low, narrow, natural gaps called passes. People cross the
mountains through these passes. The Khyber pass in The Himalayas connects
Afghanistan and Pakistan.
#i. is a river? (i) A long stream of water that flows into the sea is called a river. Example: Ganga,
Yamuna.
j are Mountain (j) Long rows of mountains are called mountain ranges. Example : The Himalayas in
Ranges? the north of India is the highest mountain ranges in the world.
k is a strait? (k) Narrow passage of water connecting two seas or two large areas of water is called
a strait. Example: Palk Strait lies between India and Sri Lanka.

ANSWER IN ONE WORD

#Q9. A9.

#a. Which landforms are heavily populated? (a) Plains.

#b. What is the Southern most tip of the Indian Peninsula called? (b) Cape Comorin.
#c. Where does the Kalahari Dessert lie? (c) South Africa.
#d. Which desert lies in South America? (d) Atacama Desert.
#e. What are the smaller rivers that join a main river called? (e) Tributaries.
f. What forms when molten rock from deep inside the Earth (f) Volcano.
rises to the surface?
g. What are slow moving rivers of ice called? (g) Glaciers.
h. “Roof of the World” is? (h) The Tibetan Plateau.
i. Two famous Plateau in USA (i) Columbia and Colorado.
j. Largest peninsula in the world (j) Arabian Peninsula.
k. World’s Largest Island (k) Australia.
l. Group of Islands (l) The Andaman
and Nicobar Island in India.
m. How are perennial rivers formed? (m) Melting snow from glaciers.
n. How are seasonal rivers formed? (n)From rainwater.
o. How are tributaries formed? (o) By joining of smaller rivers
to the main river.

FILL UP
#Q10. A10.

#a. The low land between two mountains are called _____ (a) valley.
#b. The _____ plateau is known as roof of the world. (b) Tibetan
#c. A triangular piece of land near the mouth of the river is called ___ (c) delta.
#d. The tip of a peninsula is called a _____ (d) cape.
#e. A perennial river starts in the ____ (e) mountain.
#f. Mountains have low, narrowed natural gaps called ___ (f) passes.
#g. Long streams of water are called ________ (g) rivers.
#h. A place where a land meets the sea is called a ____ (h) coast.
i. Khyber Pass connects ____ and ____ (i) Afghanistan and
Pakistan.
j. Deccan Plateau in South India covers ___ (j) Indian Peninsula.
Contd...Pg(3)
 :3:

GIVE EXAMPLE
#Q11. A11.

#a. Volcanic Mountain (a) Mount Fuji in Japan. / Mount Vesuvius in Italy.
#b. Block Mountain (b) Sierra Nevada in the USA. / Black Forest
Mountains in Germany.
#c. Fold Mountains (c) The Alps in Europe.
#d. Bay (d) Bay of Bengal.
#e. Peninsula (e) The Arabian Peninsula.
#f. Delta (f) The Ganga - Brahmaputra Delta.
#g. Seasonal River (g) River Krishna.
#h. Perennial River (h) River Ganga.
#i. Island (i) Greenland. / Sri Lanka. / Andaman and Nicobar./
Australia. / Robben Island in South Africa
#j. Plateau (j) The Deccan Plateau in India. / Columbia and
Colorado in USA./ Tibetan
#k. Valley (k) The Kashmir valley in India. / Brahmaputra Valley.
#l. Desert (l) The Thar desert in Rajasthan, India. / The Kalahari
desert in Southern Africa. / The Atacama Desert
in South America./ Sahara.
m. Longest Mountain Range (m) The Himalayas in the north of India.
n. Highest mountain peak (n) Mount Everest in Himalayas in Nepal.
o. Highest Plateau in the world (o) The Tibetan Plateau.
p. Plains (p) The Northern plains of India. / Prairies in USA.
q. Cold Desert (q) Antarctica.
r. River (r) Congo in Africa. / Mississippi in USA. / Ganga in
India./ River Nile in Egypt.
s. Longest River (s) River Nile in Egypt.
t. Largest Desert (t) The Sahara Desert.
u. Island Country (u) Sri Lanka in Indian Ocean.

Q12. What are Volcanic Mountains? Give an example.

A12. Some mountains are formed when molten rock from deep inside the Earth rises to the surface, forming
a volcano. They are called Volcanic mountains. Mount Fuji in Japan and Mount Vesuvius in Italy are
such examples.

Q13. What are Block Mountains? Give an example.

A13. Some mountains are formed by splitting and sliding of large blocks of land. These are called Block
Mountains. Sierra Nevada in the USA and/ Black Forest Mountains in Germany are such examples.

Q14. How are valleys formed? Give an example.

A14. Valleys are formed by glaciers or rivers wearing away rocks on mountains. Example: Kashmir valley in
India and the Brahmaputra Valley.

Q15. What are plains? How are plains formed? Give an example.
A15. Flat lands with gentle slopes are called plains. They are formed by accumulation of fertile soils brought
by rivers flowing from mountains. Example: The Northern plains of India and the Prairies in USA.

Q16. How are distributaries formed?

A16. Distributaries are formed when rivers become slow before entering the sea. Sediments carried by river
keep on depositing on the way causing it to break into channels or distributaries.

Q17. Jaisalmer is a town in the desert area of Rajasthan. Allahabad is a town in the Northern
Plains where two rivers meet. In which town will you expect the population to be more?
Why?
A17. Jaisalmer falls in the desert state of Rajasthan where it is extremely dry, little rainfall and very few
plants. Population is very less here. Allahabad is in Northern Plains being fed by two rivers Ganga and
Yamuna. The soil is fertile to grow crops and thus it is thickly populated.
Q18. When we study history, we find that most civilisations develop along rivers. Why is that so?
A18. History shows us that great civilizations have always flourished along rivers, as the soil here is richest
and the rivers provide water for drinking, domestic and industrial uses and for agricultural purposes.

**************************************************************************************

SOCIAL STUDIES - Chapter 1. LANDFORMS OF THE WORLD

Questions
#Q1. What are landforms? Name the landforms of the Earth?
#Q2. What are Fold Mountains? Give an example.
#Q3. What is the difference between a mountain and a plateau?
SEPERATELY : What/ Describe is / are a Mountain/s? Give Example.
What/ Describe is a Plateau ? Give Example.
#Q4. What is peninsula? Give example.
#Q5. What is the difference between a perennial river and a seasonal river?
SEPERATELY : What is/ Describe a Perennial river? Give Example.
What is/Describe a Seasonal river? Give Example.
#Q6. What is the difference between a tributary and distributaries?
SEPERATELY : What is/ Describe a Tributary? Give Example.
What is/Describe Distributaries? Give Example.
#Q7. What is desert? Name some of the important deserts of the world.
#Q8. What

#a. is cape?
#b. are plains?
#c. is a valley?
#d. is coast?
#e. is a bay?
#f. is an island?
#g. is a delta?
#h. is a pass?
#i. is a river?
j are Mountain Ranges?
k is a strait?

ANSWER IN ONE WORD

#Q9.

#a. Which landforms are heavily populated?

#b. What is the Southern most tip of the Indian Peninsula called?
#c. Where does the Kalahari Dessert lie?
#d. Which desert lies in South America?
#e. What are the smaller rivers that join a main river called?
f. What forms when molten rock from deep inside the Earth rises to the surface?
g. What are slow moving rivers of ice called?
h. “Roof of the World” is?
i. Two famous Plateau in USA
j. Largest peninsula in the world
k. World’s Largest Island
l. Group of Islands
m. How are perennial rivers formed?
n. How are seasonal rivers formed?
o. How are tributaries formed?

Contd...Pg(2)
 :2:

FILL UP
#Q10.

#a. The low land between two mountains are called _____
#b. The _____ plateau is known as roof of the world.
#c. A triangular piece of land near the mouth of the river is called ___
#d. The tip of a peninsula is called a _____
#e. A perennial river starts in the ____
#f. Mountains have low, narrowed natural gaps called ___
#g. Long streams of water are called ________
#h. A place where a land meets the sea is called a ____
i. Khyber Pass connects ____ and ____
j. Deccan Plateau in South India covers ___

GIVE EXAMPLE
#Q11.

#a. Volcanic Mountain

#b. Block Mountain
#c. Fold Mountains
#d. Bay
#e. Peninsula
#f. Delta
#g. Seasonal River
#h. Perennial River
#i. Island
#j. Plateau
#k. Valley
#l. Desert
m. Longest Mountain Range
n. Highest mountain peak
o. Highest Plateau in the world
p. Plains
q. Cold Desert
r. River
s. Longest River
t. Largest Desert
u. Island Country

Q12. What are Volcanic Mountains? Give an example.

Q13. What are Block Mountains? Give an example.
Q14. How are valleys formed? Give an example.
Q15. What are plains? How are plains formed? Give an example.
Q16. How are distributaries formed?
Q17. Jaisalmer is a town in the desert area of Rajasthan. Allahabad is a town in the Northern
Plains where two rivers meet. In which town will you expect the population to be more?
Why?
Q18. When we study history, we find that most civilisations develop along rivers. Why is that so?
**************************************************************************************