A Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 5

Student-Teacher: Rae Anne D. Sapuan

I. Objectives:
At the end of the lesson the pupils are expected to:
A. define ratio and proportion;
B. identify the ratio of the given example;
C. solve for the missing term of the given proportion: and
D. value the importance of ratio and proportion through real life word problems.

II. Subject Matter:

A. Topic: “Ratio and Proportion“
B. Reference: Math Connection pp.254-256
C. Materials: PowerPoint, pictures, puzzles
D. Values Integration: value the importance of ratio and proportion in our daily life.

III. Procedure:
Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity
A. Preparation
1. Greetings
Good morning class! Good morning too teacher!
Please seat down! Thank you teacher.
So how are you this morning? We’re good teacher, how about you?
I’m also good.
Who are absent this morning? None teacher.
Very Good! So we have perfect attendance today.
Before we start, I want you to be reminded first of our
classroom rules. So give me our first rule, yes
Dayshaun! Dayshaun: Sit Down properly.
Very Good! So let me see if you’re seating down
properly.
Now, what’s the second rule? Yes, Rein! Rein: Raise your hand if you want to answer.
Exactly! So if you have questions or if you want to
answer you may raise your hand in order for you to be
recognize. Is that clear? Yes, teacher.
How about the 3rd one? Yes, Thad! Thad: Avoid chitchatting with your seatmate.
Yes! Especially if the teacher is talking here in front. So
If I am talking here, what will you do? Listen.
Exactly! So next rule. Yes Arik? Arik: Do not use your ipad if it’s not necessary.
And the last one? Yes Rafaella Rafaella: Respect your teacher and your classmate
Yes! Here in my class I want you to respect one
another. So are the rules clear to you? Yes teacher.
Very Good!

2. Review
So what was our previous topic? Division of Decimals
Very Good! So as a recap, divide this: 25
0.006 0.0150 0.006 0.0150
12_
30
30
0
 Very Good! So is this clear now to you class?
Good! Yes, teacher.

B. Motivation
Okay now take a look at this picture, what can you
say?
There are pineapples and boys teacher!

to

Very Good! Now how many pineapples are there?

Yes! How about the boys? 4
Exactly! Now this illustration means that there are 4 5
Pineapples for 5 boys. Which of these two sets has the
higher quantity?
Very good! How about this one: The boys

9 5
18 10

What did you see?

Very good! Now are they proportional to each fractions
other?
Why? Yes!
Very good! Because if you reduce them in lowest term they become
1 1
C. Presentation equal. and
2 2
Now, based on this what is our lesson for this morning?
Fraction? A while ago we compare the pineapples and Fraction
the boys, right? I ask you which of those sets has the
higher quantity, so based on that what is our topic?
Comparing fraction? Now what do you call that term Comparing fraction
about comparison of two quantities? You said a while
ago that these fractions are proportional to each other.
So what’s the topic?
Yes! Proportion and? Proportion
Very good! So our topic for this morning is all about Proportion and Ratio
“Ratio and Proportion”

D. Discussion
So how do you define ratio?
Yes! Ratio is the comparison of two quantities by an Ratio is the comparison of two objects/ things.
Indicated division.
For example:
In a classroom, there are 25 boys and 27 girls. How will
you compare the number of boys to the number of girls
in the classroom?
This is all about comparing so you have to use?
Very Good! Ratio
So how will I write the ratio of boys and girls here?
Very Good! That’s in the colon form. We could also 25:27
write ratio in fraction form. How?
25
Very Good! So: 27
25:27 Colon form
25 Fraction Form
27
Let’s have another example:

What can you say about the illustration?

Yes! There are variety of fruits. There are fruits.
So what fruits did you see there?
Yes exactly! So how many apples are there? Apple, Mango, Banana and Orange
How about the orange? 4
The banana? 3
How about the mango? 6
Very Good! 5
Now let’s find the ratio in colon & fraction form of the
following fruits:
Colon Form Fraction Form
4
1. to 1. 4:5 or
5

2. to 3
2. 3:6 or
6
3. to
5
3. 5:3 or
3
4. to
3
4. 3:4 or
5. to 4

4
Very good! Now, in numbers 2 and 5, their ratio can be 5. 4:6 or
6
reduced to their Lowest term or to their simplest form
by dividing the numerator and the denominator by the
same number or by their greatest common factor. So,
is ratio clear to you?
Very good! Now lets go to proportion. How do you Yes teacher!
define proportion?
Exactly! A proportion is a pair of equal ratios.

Let’s have this example.

 Debra prepared a pitcher of juice for her friends. She
used four (4) glasses of water for eight (8) tablespoons
of powdered juice. The next week, she made another
pitcher of juice but this time, she used nine (9) glasses
of water for eighteen (18) tablespoons of powdered
juice.

Now give me the ratio for the 1st preparation.

4
4:8 or
8
Very good! How about the ratio for the second
preparation? 9
9:18 or
18
Exactly! Now study the two ratios, are they equal?
How did you know? Yes!
Very Good! There are two ways of finding out if the We reduce in lowest term.
two ratios are proportion or not:
1. by changing both ratios to their simplest form;
4 1 9 1
= =
8 2 18 2
2. by cross-multiplying the means and the extremes
4 9
4:8 = 9:18 or =
8 18
Means
8 x 9 = 72
Extremes
4 x 18 = 72

Okay, let’s have this example:

2:6 = 3:9
Is this proportion or not? You solve in your notebook.
7 14
Now what if I’ll give you like this = , how will you Yes teacher. Because 2 x 9 = 18 and 6 x 3 = 18 so
2 ?
find the missing term of the given proportion? therefore they are proportion.
Very good! Now please solve, Reyna! Cross multiply.
7 14
=
2 𝑁
7 x N = 2 x 14
7N = 28
N = 28 ÷ 7
N=4
Very Good!

E. Drill and Practice

Now get your math notebook and answer the
following. I’ll give you 3 minutes to answer that.

Let’s practice!
Tell if the pair of ratios is a proportion or not. Write P if
proportion and NP if not.
_________1.) 1:8 = 8:16
_________2.) 3:5 = 9:10
_________3.) 1:13 = 2:26
________ 4.) 2:5 = 3:8
_________5.) 4:3 = 4:5
F. Application
Now you don’t have any questions about finding the
missing term of a proportion?
Very Good! So now let’s have an activity, this would be None teacher.
the group 1, 2 and 3. Each group will be given a puzzle.
You need to assemble that in order for you to read the
word problem that was written there then solve it here
in the cartolina. Then afterwards explain your work
here in front. Is that clear?
Yes teacher!
G. Generalization
Okay again, what is ratio?
Ratio is the comparison of two quantities.
Very Good! How about proportion?
Proportion is a pair of equal ratios.
Exactly! Now find the missing term of this N:7 = 8:2
2N = 56
N = 28
We are able to compare almost everything and
anything around us by using ratio. Equate it to another
ratio and you will have a proportion. Now, can you
apply the importance of proportion into our everyday
living? Can you name some?
In baking teacher. We use ratio to it. Like in 1 cup of
sugar you can make 30 cookies. So 1:30.
Very good!
IV. Evaluation

A. Give the ratio of the figures below. Reduce to their lowest terms.

1. to = ______ 6. to = ______

2. to = ______ 7. to = _____

3. to = ______ 8. to = _______

4. to = _______ 9. to = ______

5. to =______ 10. to = _______

B. Tell if the pair of ratios is a proportion or not. Write P if proportion and NP if not.

______1.) 2:5 = 4:10 ______6.) 6:20 = 3:10

______2.) 12:4 = 9:3 ______7.) 16:22 = 2:4

______3.) 6:12 = 4:8 ______8.) 28:3 = 21:4

______4.) 5:15 = 3:9 ______9.) 12:2 = 18:3

______5.) 21:3 = 7:1 ______10.) 2:18 = 3:27

 Evaluation ( Answers )
A. Give the ratio of the figures below. Reduce to their lowest terms.

1. to = ______ 6. to = ______

2. to = ______ 7. to = _____

3. to = ______ 8. to = _______

4. to = _______ 9. to = ______

5. to =______ 10. to = _______

B. Tell if the pair of ratios is a proportion or not. Write P if proportion and NP if not.

______1.) 2:5 = 4:10 ______6.) 6:20 = 3:10

______2.) 12:4 = 9:3 ______7.) 16:22 = 2:4

______3.) 6:12 = 4:8 ______8.) 28:3 = 21:4

______4.) 5:15 = 3:9 ______9.) 12:2 = 18:3

______5.) 21:3 = 7:1 ______10.) 2:18 = 3:27

V. Assignment
Okay now, what symbol is this %? Percent sign.
Very good! So for your assignment, study about
Percentage for our next lesson tomorrow. Is that clear? Yes teacher!

So that’s all for today, good bye class! Good bye and thank you teacher.