People v. Esparas

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Section 9, Rule 119 of the 1985 Rules on Criminal Procedure, viz.

: Second, the testimony of appellant is not needed since there are other
Sec. 9. Discharge of accused. - When two or more accused are jointly charged with direct evidence available for the proper prosecution of the offense committed.
the commission of an offense, upon motion of the prosecution before resting Among the evidence available are: (a) the testimonies of the prosecution
its case, the court may direct one or more of the accused to be discharged with witnesses which clearly show that the two (2) traveling bags which appellant
their consent so that they may be witnesses for the state after requiring the brought in as her personal belongings each contained 9.97276 kilos and 9.97479
prosecution to present evidence and the sworn statement of each proposed state kilograms of methamphetamine hydrochloride or shabu; (2) the two packs of
witness at a hearing in support of the discharge, the court is satisfied that: shabu seized from appellant; and (3) the two (2) traveling bags from which the
(a) There is absolute necessity for the testimony of the accused whose shabu was found.
discharge is requested; 
 Third, the testimony being offered by appellant cannot be substantially
corroborated in its material points. If appellant will be allowed to testify against
(b) There is no other direct evidence available for the proper
Robert Yu, no one and nothing will corroborate her testimony.
prosecution of the offense committed, except the testimony of said
Fourth, appellant appears to be the most guilty.
accused; 

(c) The testimony of said accused can be substantially corroborated in
its material points; 

(d) Said accused does not appear to be the most guilty; 

(e) Said accused has not at any time been convicted of any offense
involving moral turpitude. 


Said Robert Yu is neither a co-accused nor a co-conspirator. His name was


merely mentioned by appellant so that she would have somebody to pass the
blame to, and there is no evidence linking said Robert Yu to the present case.
The fact that said Robert Yu had a string of drug cases is of no moment. It does
not in any way prove that he is in conspiracy with appellant in the present case.
Considering that appellant’s co-accused is Rodrigo Libed and not Robert Yu,
appellant cannot claim to be worthy of being discharged as State witness against
Robert Yu, since Robert Yu is neither impleaded as an accused nor is there the
slightest showing of his participation in the offense.
There must be at least two or more persons jointly charged with an offense and
that upon motion of the prosecution, one or more of said accused may be
discharged as State witness against a co-accused.
The discharge of an accused is for the purpose of testifying against a co-accused
in the same case and not against anyone else who has not participated in
committing the offense charged. Therefore, appellant cannot be discharged as
State witness since Robert Yu is not her co-accused in this case.
First, there is no necessity for appellant’s testimony for the prosecution
to prove its case, since the testimony she is offering to give would only shift
blame to Robert Yu, a person who is not even impleaded in the case.

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