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    Examination of Thyroid

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    Noor Ul Ain
    The document outlines the steps for examining the thyroid gland. It involves inspection of the neck and chest area, palpation of the thyroid from the front and back to determine size, shape, consistency and margins. Additional tests include checking for tracheal obstruction, palpating carotid pulses and lymph nodes, and looking for signs of thyroid toxicity such as tremors, eye signs and skin changes. Percussion over the sternum and auscultation may detect retrosternal goiter or vascular abnormalities. Testing ankle jerks and muscle power can help identify hypothyroidism.

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    Examination of Thyroid

    Uploaded by

    Noor Ul Ain
    159 views4 pages
    The document outlines the steps for examining the thyroid gland. It involves inspection of the neck and chest area, palpation of the thyroid from the front and back to determine size, shape, consistency and margins. Additional tests include checking for tracheal obstruction, palpating carotid pulses and lymph nodes, and looking for signs of thyroid toxicity such as tremors, eye signs and skin changes. Percussion over the sternum and auscultation may detect retrosternal goiter or vascular abnormalities. Testing ankle jerks and muscle power can help identify hypothyroidism.

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    EXAMINATION OF THYROID.docx

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    The document outlines the steps for examining the thyroid gland. It involves inspection of the neck and chest area, palpation of the thyroid from the front and back to determine size, shape, consistency and margins. Additional tests include checking for tracheal obstruction, palpating carotid pulses and lymph nodes, and looking for signs of thyroid toxicity such as tremors, eye signs and skin changes. Percussion over the sternum and auscultation may detect retrosternal goiter or vascular abnormalities. Testing ankle jerks and muscle power can help identify hypothyroidism.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    159 views4 pages

    Examination of Thyroid

    Uploaded by

    Noor Ul Ain
    The document outlines the steps for examining the thyroid gland. It involves inspection of the neck and chest area, palpation of the thyroid from the front and back to determine size, shape, consistency and margins. Additional tests include checking for tracheal obstruction, palpating carotid pulses and lymph nodes, and looking for signs of thyroid toxicity such as tremors, eye signs and skin changes. Percussion over the sternum and auscultation may detect retrosternal goiter or vascular abnormalities. Testing ankle jerks and muscle power can help identify hypothyroidism.

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    EXAMINATION OF THYROID

    1. INTRODUCTION AND CONSENT

    2. POSITION

    Sitting

    3. EXPOSURE

    neck with upper part of chest

    4. INSPECTION

    Pizzillo method (if swelling is not prominent then ask the patient to clench his
    hands behind head and press head against them…swelling will become prominent)

    I. Site

    II. Shape

    III. Movement on deglutition

    IV. Determine lower border of swelling on deglutition

    V. Retrosternal goiter

    (Pemberton’s sign:ask the patient to raise arms above head….there will be


    congestion of face and dilatation of subcutaneous veins over upper anterior
    chest)

    5. PALPATION

    I. From front

    a) measure size if nodule by marking with marker


    b) palpate trachea (after fixing head in center)

    c) tenderness

    d) temperature

    II. From back

    a) shape

    b) consistency

    c) margins

    d) lower limit

    e) surface

    f) pulsations

    (IMPORTANT THING IS TO DETERMINE WHETHER IT IS A DIFFUSE OR


    NODULAR SWELLING)

    III. Kocher sign

    Press the thyroid swelling to other side and hear for any stridor……indicates
    tracheal obstruction

    IV. Berry sign

    Palpate carotid pulse one by one

    Not palpable if tumour has encased the carotid sheath

    It may be pushed by some benign tumour

    V. Palpation of cervical lymph nodes


    VI. Palpation of spine

    For tenderness or movement restriction

    VII. For toxicity

     Hands for sweating/ moisture/ dryness

     Pulse rate/ sleeping pulse rate

     Flapping tremors

     Ophthalmoplegia….3rd , 4th , 6th nerve

     Von Graefe sign

    Lid lag on rapid movements of eye ball

     Joffroy ‘s sign

    Absence of wrinkling of forehead while looking upwards but with head fixed

     Stellwag sign

    Lid retraction

     Mobius sign

    Inability to converge

     See for conjuctival congestion

     Horner ‘s syndrome

     keratosis

    6. PERCUSSION

    on both sides of sternum for retrosternal goitre

    7. ASCULTATION
    For bruit in toxic patients or vascular tumours

    8. ANKLE JERK

    Delayed in hypothyroid patients…..single best method for hypothyroidism

    9. POWER OF PROXIMAL MUSCLES

    Difficulty in getting up from squatting position

    Difficulty in combing hair

    10.COVER AND THANKS

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