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Aurdino Based Waste Segregator - II

The document discusses different methods for sorting mixed waste materials. Larger items are manually sorted while smaller items are sorted using rotating drums with holes of different diameters. Electromagnets and infrared scanners are used to separate metals and plastics. The report is organized into chapters that review waste sorting technologies, propose solutions to existing issues, describe the system components, and discuss conclusions. It analyzes previous studies on automated waste sorting and proposes a new conveyor belt system using various sensors to improve accuracy, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness.

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91 views2 pages

Aurdino Based Waste Segregator - II

The document discusses different methods for sorting mixed waste materials. Larger items are manually sorted while smaller items are sorted using rotating drums with holes of different diameters. Electromagnets and infrared scanners are used to separate metals and plastics. The report is organized into chapters that review waste sorting technologies, propose solutions to existing issues, describe the system components, and discuss conclusions. It analyzes previous studies on automated waste sorting and proposes a new conveyor belt system using various sensors to improve accuracy, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness.

Uploaded by

Vimal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Technical background

The mixed waste is sorted based on the following methods at the industrial
level. Larger items are removed by manual sorting. Then the refuse is
sorted based on its size by using large rotating drums which are perforated
with holes of a certain size. Materials smaller than the diameter of the holes
will be able to drop through, but larger particles will remain in the drum. For
metallic objects electromagnets or eddy, current based separators can be
used. Near-infrared scanners are used to differentiate between various
types of plastics based on the ability of the material to reflect light. X-rays
can also be used to segregate materials based on their density. The
methodology adopted in this paper to resolve the issue of waste
segregation is by making the entire process automated and to the reduce
cost such that it could be adapted in a household level.
Organization of the report
The report is organized as follows:
 Chapter II – encompasses the review of the literature, which has a
complete comparison of the different technologies and choosing the best
out of them.
 Chapter III – contains the proposed solution to overcome the drawbacks of
the previously implemented systems.
 Chapter IV – consists the different component details used in the project.
 Chapter V – states the conclusion of the entire project implemented and it’s
future applications.
 Chapter 2

 Review of Literature
 Amrutha Chandramohan et. al.[1] states there is no such system for
segregation of wastes into categories such as dry, wet and metallic
wastes at the household level. An Automated Waste Segregator
(AWS) can be used at the household level so that the waste can be
sent directly for processing. The AWS employs inductive sensors to
identify metallic items, and capacitive sensors to distinguish between
wet and dry waste depending upon the threshold values set.
However, it cannot segregate ceramic into dry waste because it has
the higher relative dielectric constant as compared to other dry
wastes that are segregated. By increasing accuracy and overall
efficiency, we can eliminate noise.
 The limitations of this system are it can segregate only one type of
waste at a time with an assigned priority for metal, wet and dry waste.
Thus, buffer spaces can be used to segregate a mixed type of waste.
Since the time for sensing metal objects is low the entire sensing
module can be placed along a single platform where the object is
stable to ensure better results.
 Nishigandha Kothari et. al.[2] used Ultrasonic Sensors are used to
monitor the garbage collection. When the garbage reaches the
sensor level an interrupt is sent to the microcontroller. J.S. Bajaj et.
al.[3] says many upgradations can be done to the existing project.
Some of which are listed below: Advanced processing techniques
can be incorporated once the waste has been segregated, methods
for individual material feeding for local use so that the segregation
can be performed continuously once the waste is dumped, image
sensing can be used to segregate materials through Image
processing technology.
 Rashmi M. Kittali et. al.[5] says that even PLC can be used for AWS.
It has an advantage of reduced manpower, improved accuracy and
speed of management of waste. It also avoids the risk of working in
hazardous places. This work can be implemented by making use of a
robotic arm in the future to pick and place certain materials which can
be re-used. The bins can be unloaded by placing limit sensors at the
top of each bin.
 Depending upon the above survey we will be implementing an AWS
using Ar- Arduino UNO with a feedback system which will be
implemented using an Ultrasonic Distance Measure Sensor, and as
the garbage reaches the sensor level which is attached in the bin an
interrupt is sent to the microcontroller and a message is displayed on
LCD saying bin is full and the microcontroller enters low power mode
till it is not reset.
 We had proposed a standing model for the system to be implemented
but to improve the accuracy and feasibility of the system and to make
the system cost effective we chose to make a system using a
conveyer belt and mounting different sensors at the sides of the belt
so as to segregate waste.

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