R&S®HMO1002 Series

R&S®HMO1202 Series
Digital Oscilloscope
User Manual

5800530103
Version 04
Test & Measurement

User Manual
General Information Regarding the CE Marking

General Information Regarding the CE Marking

ROHDE & SCHWARZ measuring instruments comply with regulations of the
EMC Directive. ROHDE & SCHWARZ is basing the conformity assessment
on prevailing generic and product standards. In cases with potentially
different thresholds, ROHDE & SCHWARZ instruments apply more rigorous
test conditions. Thresholds for business and commercial sectors as well
as small business are applicable for interference emission (class 1B). As to
the interference immunity, the standard thresholds for the industrial sector
apply. Measurement and data lines connected to the measuring instrument
significantly affect compliance with specified thresholds. Depending on the
respective application, utilized lines may differ. In regards to interference
emission and immunity during measurements, it is critical that the following
terms and conditions are observed:

1. Data Cables
It is imperative to only use properly shielded cables when connecting
measuring instruments and interfaces to external devices (printers, compu-
ters, etc.). Unless the manual prescribes an even shorter maximum cable
length, data cables (input/output, signal/control) may not exceed a length
of 3m and may not be used outside of buildings. If the instrument interface
includes multiple ports for interface cables, only one cable at a time may be
connected. Generally, interconnections require double-shielded connecting
cables. The double-shielded cable HZ72 (available at ROHDE & SCHWARZ) is
well suitable as IEEE bus cable.

2. Signal Cables
In general, measuring cables for the transmission of signals between measu-
ring point and measuring instrument should be kept as short as possible.
Unless an even shorter maximum cable length is prescribed, signal cables
(input/output, signal/control) may not exceed a length of 1m and may not be
used outside of buildings. All signal cables must be shielded (coaxial cable
RG58/U). It is important to ensure proper ground connection. Signal genera-
tors require the use of double-shielded coaxial cables (RG223/U, RG214/U).

3. Impact on Measuring Instruments

If strong high-frequency electric and magnetic fields are present, it may
occur despite diligent measurement setup that unwanted signal units are
injected into the measuring instrument via connected measuring cables. This
will not damage the ROHDE & SCHWARZ measuring instrument or put it out
of operation. In some cases, these circumstances may cause the measuring
value to slightly exceed specifications.

4. RF immunity of oscilloscopes.
4.1 Electromagnetic RF field
The influence of electric and magnetic RF fields may become visible (e.g. RF
superimposed), if the field intensity is high. In most cases the coupling into
the oscilloscope takes place via the device under test, mains/line supply,

General Infor-
test leads, control cables and/or radiation. The device under test as well as
the oscilloscope may be effected by such fields. Although the interior of the
oscilloscope is screened by the cabinet, direct radiation can occur via the

mation
CRT gap. As the bandwidth of each amplifier stage is higher than the total
–3 dB bandwidth of the oscilloscope, the influence of RF fields of even higher
frequencies may be noticeable.

Regarding
4.2 Electrical fast transients / electrostatic discharge
Electrical fast transient signals (burst) may be coupled into the oscilloscope
directly via the mains/line supply, or indirectly via test leads and/or control

the CE Mar-
cables. Due to the high trigger and input sensitivity of the oscilloscopes,
such normally high signals may effect the trigger unit and/or may become
visible on the TFT, which is unavoidable. These effects can also be caused by
direct or indirect electrostatic discharge.

2
 Content

Content
7 Signal Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.1 Display Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.2 Usage of the Virtual Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.3 Signal Intensity Display and Persistence Function. . . . 26
7.4 XY display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1 Important Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8 Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
1.1 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8.1 Cursor Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
1.2 Unpacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8.2 Automatic Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1.3 Setting up the instrument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 9 Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
1.4 Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 9.1 Mathematical Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
1.5 Intended Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 9.2 Frequency Analysis (FFT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
1.6 Ambient conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 9.3 Quick View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
1.7 Warranty and repair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 9.4 PASS/FAIL Test based on Masks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
1.8 Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 9.5 Component Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
1.9 Measuring Category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 9.6 Digital Voltmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
1.10 Mains voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 10 Signal Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
1.11 Batteries and rechargeable batteries / cells . . . . . . . . . . 6 10.1 Function Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
1.12 Product Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 10.2 Pattern Generator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
2 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 11 Documentation, Storage and Recall. . . . . . . . . . 41
2.1 Front view. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 11.1 Device Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.2 Control panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 11.2 References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.3 Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 11.3 Traces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
2.4 General Operating Concept. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 11.4 Screenshots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2.5 Basic Settings and Integrated Help. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 12 Mixed-Signal Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
2.6 Instrument Firmware Update. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 12.1 Logic Trigger for Digital Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
2.7 Options / Voucher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 12.2 Display Functions for the Logic Channels. . . . . . . . . . . 44
2.8 Self Alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 11.5 FILE/PRINT Key Definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
2.9 Education Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 12.3 Display of Logic Channels as BUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
2.10 Back Panel of the Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 12.4 Cursor Measurements for Logic Channels. . . . . . . . . . 45
3 Quick Start Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 12.5 Automatic Measurements for Logic Channels. . . . . . . 46
3.1 Setting up and turning the instrument on. . . . . . . . . . . 13 13 Serial Bus Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.2 Connection of a probe and signal capture . . . . . . . . . . 13 13.1 Software options (license key). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.3 Display of signal details. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 13.2 Serial Bus Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.4 Cursor Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 13.3 Parallel / Parallel Clocked BUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.5 Automatic Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 13.4 I2C BUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.6 Mathematical functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 13.5 SPI / SSPI BUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.7 Storing data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 13.6 UART/RS-232 BUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4 Vertical System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 13.7 CAN BUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.1 Coupling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 13.8 LIN BUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.2 Sensitivity, Y Positioning and Offset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 14 Remote Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.3 Bandwidth Limit and Signal Inversion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 14.1 USB VCP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.4 Probe Attenuation and Unit Selection 14.2 USB TMC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
(Volt/Ampere). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 14.3 USB MTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.5 Threshold Setting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 14.4 Ethernet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.6 Naming a Channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 15 Technical Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
5 Horizontal System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 16 Appendix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.1 Acquisition modes RUN and STOP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 16.1 List of figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.2 Time Base Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 16.2 Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.3 Acquisition modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.4 Interlace Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.5 ZOOM Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.6 Navigation Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.7 Marker Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6 Trigger System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.1 Trigger Modes Auto, Normal and Single. . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.2 Trigger Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.3 Trigger type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.4 Trigger Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.5 External Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

3
Important Notes

1 Important
The instrument must be installed in a way, that at any time
the disconnection of the power line is not restricted.

Notes 1.4 Safety

This instrument was built in compliance with DIN EN
61010-1 (VDE 0411 part 1), safety regulations for electrical
1.1 Symbols measuring instruments, control units and Iaboratory equip-
ment. It has been tested and shipped from the plant in safe
condition. It is in compliance with the regulations of the
European standard EN 61010-1 and the international stan-
(1) (2) (3) dard IEC 61010-1. To maintain this condition and to ensure
safe operation, the user must observe all instructions and
warnings given in this operating manual. Casing, chassis
and all measuring ports are connected to a protective Fig.
1.1: Operating positions earth conductor. The instrument is
(4) (5) (6) (7) designed in compliance with the regulations of protection
class I. For safety reasons, the instrument may only be
Symbol 1: Caution, general danger zone – operated with authorized safety sockets. The power cord
Refer to product documentation must be plugged in before signal circuits may be connec-
Symbol 2: Risk of electric shock ted. Never use the product if the power cable is damaged.
Symbol 3: Ground Check regularly if the power cables are in perfect condi-
Symbol 4: PE terminal tion. Choose suitable protective measures and installation
Symbol 5: ON/OFF supply voltage types to ensure that the power cord cannot be damaged
Symbol 6: Stand by display and that no harm is caused by tripping hazards or from
Symbol 7: Ground terminal electric shock, for instance.
It is prohibited to disconnect the earthed protective
connection inside or outside the instrument!
1 .2 Unpacking
While unpacking, check the package contents for com- If it is assumed that a safe operation is no longer possible,
pleteness (measuring instrument, power cable, possibly the instrument must be shut down and secured against
optional accessories). After unpacking, check the any unintended operation.
instrument for mechanical damage occurred during
transport and for loose parts inside. In case of transport Safe operation can no longer be assumed:
damage, please inform the supplier immediately. The inst- ❙ in case of visible damage,
rument must not be operated in this case. ❙ in case loose parts were noticed,
❙ if it does not function any more,
❙ after prolonged storage under unfavourable conditions
1 .3 Setting up the instrument (e.g. like in the open or in moist atmosphere),
As you can see from the picture, there are small feets on ❙ After rough handling during transport (e.g. packaging that
the bottom which can be folded out. Please make sure you does not meet the minimum requirements by post office,
have fully folded out the feet‘s in order to ensure stability railway or forwarding agency).
of the instrument.

1.5 Intended Operation

The measuring instrument is intended only for use by per-
sonnel familiar with the potential risks of measuring electri-
cal quantities. For safety reasons, the instrument may only
be connected to properly installed safety socket outlets.
Separating the grounds is prohibited. The power plug must
be inserted before signal circuits may be connected. The
product may be operated only under the operating condi-

Use the measurement instrument only with original ROHDE &

SCHWARZ measuring equipment, measuring cables and power
cord. Never use inadequately measured power cords. Before each
measurement, measuring cables must be inspected for damage
and replaced if necessary. Damaged or worn components can
Fig. 1.1: Operating positions damage the instrument or cause injury..

4
 Important Notes

tions and in the positions specified by the manufacturer, product was purchased. In case of any complaints, please
without the product‘s ventilation being obstructed. If the contact your supplier.
manufacturer‘s specifications are not observed, this can
result in electric shock, fire and/or serious personal injury, Any adjustments, replacements of parts, maintenance or
and in some cases, death. Applicable local or national repair may be carried out only by authorized ROHDE &
safety regulations and rules for the prevention of accidents SCHWARZ technical personnel. Only original parts may be
must be observed in all work performed. used for replacing parts relevant to safety (e.g. power swit-
ches, power transformers, fuses). A safety test must al-
The measuring instrument is designed for use in the ways be performed after parts relevant to safety have been
following sectors: industrial sector, home, business and replaced (visual inspection, PE conductor test, insulation
commercial sectors, small businesses. The measuring resistance measurement, leakage current measurement,
instrument is designed for indoor use only. Before each functional test). This helps to ensure the continued safety
measurement, you need to verify at a known source if the of the product.
measurement instrument functions properly.
To disconnect from the mains, the low-heat device socket on the
back panel has to be unplugged. 1.8 Maintenance
Clean the outer case of the instrument at regular intervals, using
a soft, lint-free dust cloth. Before cleaning the instrument, please
1.6 Ambient conditions
make sure that it has been switched off and disconnected from
The allowed operating temperature ranges from +5 °C to
all power supplies. (e.g. mains or battery supply).
+40 °C (pollution category 2). The maximum relative hu-
midity (without condensation) is at 80%. During storage The display may only be cleaned with water or appropriate
and transport, the temperature must be between –20 °C glass cleaner (not with alcohol or other cleaning agents).
and +70 °C. In case of condensation during transportation Follow this step by rubbing the display down with a dry,
or storage, the instrument will require approximately two clean and lint-free cloth. Do not allow cleaning fluid to
hours to dry and reach the appropriate temperature prior enter the instrument. The use of other cleaning agents
to operation. The instrument is designed for use in a clean may damage the labeling or plastic and laquered sur-
and dry indoor environment. Do not operate with high dust faces.
and humidity levels, if danger of explosion exists or with
aggressive chemical agents. Any operating position may
Before cleaning the measuring instrument, please make sure that
be used; however, adequate air circulation must be main-
it has been switched off and disconnected from all power sup-
tained. For continuous operation, a horizontal or inclined
plies (e.g. AC supply network or battery).
position (integrated stand) is preferable. The maximum
operating altitude for the instrument is 2000 m. Specifica-
No parts of the instruments may be cleaned with chemical clean-
tions with tolerance data apply after a warm up period of at
ing agents (such as alcohol, acetone or cellulose thinner)!
least 30 minutes at a temperature of 23 °C (tolerance ±2°C).
Specifications without tolerance data are average values.

Do not obstruct the ventilation holes. 1.9 Measuring Category

This oscilloscope is designed for measurements on circuits
that are only indirectly connected to the mains or not
connected at all. The instrument is not rated for any mea-
1.7 Warranty and repair surement category. Make sure the entry voltage of the
ROHDE & SCHWARZ instruments are subject to strict analog channels CH1/CH2 does not exceed 200 V (peak
quality controls. Prior to leaving the manufacturing site, value),150 VRMS at 1 MΩ input impedance. The entry vol-
each instrument undergoes a 10-hour burn-in test. This is tage of the external trigger input (TRIG. EXT.) does not
followed by extensive functional quality testing to examine exceeded 100 V (peak value).The maximum value allowed
all operating modes and to guarantee compliance with for transient overvoltages is 200 V (peak value). To ensure
the specified technical data. The testing is performed with compliance, it is necessary to only use probes that have
testing equipment that is calibrated to national standards. been manufactured and tested in accordance with DIN EN
The statutory warranty provisions shall be governed by 61010-031in order to prevent transient overvoltages at the
the laws of the country in which the ROHDE & SCHWARZ measurement input. The auxilary output (AUX OUT) is a
multi-purpose output with the function as component tes-
ter, trigger output, pass/fail and function generator. When
The product may only be opened by authorized and performing measurements in category II, III or IV circuits, it
qualified personnel. Before any work is performed on the is mandatory to insert a probe that reduces the voltage so
product or before the product is opened, it must be dis- that no transient overvoltages will be applied to the instru-
connected from the AC supply network. Otherwise, per- ment. Direct measurements (without galvanic isolation) to
sonnel will be exposed to the risk of an electric shock. category II, III or IV circuits are prohibited. The measuring

5
Important Notes

circuits are considered not connected to the mains if an 1. Cells must not be taken apart or crushed.
isolation transformer in compliance with class II is used.
It is also possible to perform measurements on the mains 2. Cells or batteries must not be exposed to heat or fire.
if appropriate transformers (e.g. current connectors) are Storage in direct sunlight must be avoided. Keep cells
used that are in compliance with safety class II. The mea- and batteries clean and dry. Clean soiled connectors
surement category (for which the manufacturer specified using a dry, clean cloth.
the required transformer) must be observed.
3. Cells or batteries must not be short-circuited. Cells or
The measurement categories refer to transients from batteries must not be stored in a box or in a drawer
the power system. Transients are short, very fast (steep) where they can short-circuit each other, or where they
current and voltage variations which may occur periodi- can be short-circuited by other conductive materials.
cally and nonperiodically. The level of potential transients Cells and batteries must not be removed from their ori-
increases as the distance to the source of the low voltage ginal packaging until they are ready to be used.
installation decreases.
4. Keep cells and batteries out of the hands of children. If
❙❙ Measurement CAT IV: Measurements at the source of a cell or a battery has been swallowed, seek medical
the low voltage installations (e.g. meters) aid immediately.
❙❙ Measurement CAT III: Measurements in building
installations (e.g. power distribution installations, power 5. Cells and batteries must not be exposed to any mecha-
switches, firmly installed sockets, firmly installed engines nical shocks that are stronger than permitted.
etc.).
❙❙ Measurement CAT II: Measurements on circuits 6. If a cell develops a leak, the fluid must not be allowed
electronically directly connected to the mains (e.g. to come into contact with the skin or eyes. If contact
household appliances, power tools, etc.) occurs, wash the affected area with plenty of water
❙❙ 0 (instruments without measured measurement and seek medical aid.
category): Other circuits that are not connected directly to
the mains. 7. Improperly replacing or charging cells or batteries can
cause explosions. Replace cells or batteries only with
the identical type in order to ensure the safety of the
product.
1.10 Mains voltage
The instrument has a wide range power supply from 100 8. Cells and batteries must be recycled and kept separate
to 240 V (±10%), 50 or 60 Hz. There is hence no line vol- from residual waste. Rechargeable batteries and nor-
tage selector. The line fuse is accessible on the rear panel mal batteries that contain lead, mercury or cadmium
and part of the line input connector. Prior to exchanging are hazardous waste. Observe the national regulations
a fuse, the line cord must be pulled out. Exchange is only regarding waste disposal and recycling.
allowed if the fuse holder is undamaged. It can be taken
out using a screwdriver put into the slot. The fuse can be
pushed out of its holder and must be exchanged with the
identical type (type informations below). The holder with 1.12 Product Disposal
the new fuse can then be pushed back in place against the
spring. It is prohibited to ”repair“ blown fuses or to bridge
the fuse. Any damages incurred by such measures will
void the warranty.
Fig. 1.2:
Type of fuse: Product labeling in accordance with EN 50419
IEC 60127 - T2.5H 250V (Size 5 x 20 mm)
The German Electrical and Electronic Equipment (ElektroG)
Act is an implementation of the following EC directives:
❙❙ 2002/96/EC on waste electrical and electronic equipment
1.11 Batteries and rechargeable batteries / cells (WEEE) and
❙❙ 2002/95/EC on the restriction of the use of certain
If the information regarding batteries and rechargeable batteries/
hazardous substances in electrical and electronic
cells is not observed either at all or to the extent necessary,
equipment (RoHS).
product users may be exposed to the risk of explosions, fire and/
or serious personal injury, and, in some cases, death. Batteries
Once its lifetime has ended, this product should be dis-
and rechargeable batteries with alkaline electrolytes (e.g. li-
posed of separately from your household waste. The dis-
thium cells) must be handled in accordance with the EN 62133
posal at municipal collection sites for electronic equipment
standard.
is also not permitted. As mandated for all manufacturers

6
 Important Notes

by the German Electrical and Electronic Equipment Act

(ElektroG), ROHDE & SCHWARZ assumes full responsibil-
ity for the ecological disposal or the recycling at the end-
of-life of their products.

Please contact your local service partner to dispose of the

product.

7
Introduction

2 Introduction A
3 4 6 7 9 10 12 13 15 16

2.1 Front view

On the instrument frontside you can find the power key
Fig. 2.2:
1  , in order to switch on the instrument or enter stand-by-
Control
mode. If the instrument is in stand-by-mode, this key light
panel of
up red. If the instrument is switched off using the main 5 8 11 14 17
section A
power switch on the backside, the red light will also switch
off (this will take some seconds). Furthermore you find on Section A
the front panel the control panel 2 , A , B , C , D , the BNC This section includes the CURSOR/MENU, ANALYZE and
connectors of the analog inputs 45 to 46 , the probe adjust- GENERAL sections. The CURSOR/MENU section includes
ment output 49 , the bus signal source 48 ,the connectors cursor functions 8  , universal knob 4 , Intens/Persist con-
for the optional logic probe R&SHO3508 50 , a USB port for trol switch 7 and the option to select the virtual screen
USB sticks 52 and the TFT screen 53 . For component and 6 . The ANALYZE section allows users to directly access
Pass/Fail test use the BNC connector AUX OUT 51 . the FFT displays 9 , the QUICK VIEW 10 display (all im-
portant parameters of the actual signal display), the PASS/
Use the connectors for the active logic probes 50 exclusively for FAIL mask test and the AUTO MEASURE settings 11 . The
the logic probes of type R&SHO3508. Connecting other types may portion Analyze allows direct selection of FFT 9 displays,
demolish the input. the Quick view mode 10 (all important parameters of the
actual signal display), and the automeasure function 11 for
2.2 Control panel the automatic measurement of parameters. The GENERAL
The controls in the front panel allow access to all basic section includes the Save/Recall 12 key. With this option,
functions while advanced settings are easily accessible you can control the settings to load and save instrument
through the menu structure and gray soft menu keys. settings, reference signals, signals and screen displays.
The power button 1 is clearly set apart by its design. The
most significant controls feature colored LEDs, indicating Additional keys enable the user to access general settings
the current setting. The control panel is divided into four 13 such as language, DISPLAY 14  , AUTOSET 15 as well as
sections. integrated HELP 16 and FILE/PRINT 17  . Depending on how
it is programmed, FILE/PRINT enables you to directly save
instrument settings, signals or screen displays.

55 1 2 A

52 51 50 49 48 47 B 46 C 45 D

Fig. 2.1: Frontview of the R&S®HMO1202

8
 Introduction

Section B : left of the display indicate the reference potentials of the

The VERTICAL section fea- channels. The line above the graticule includes status and
B tures all controls for analog settings information such as time base, trigger delay and
channels, such as the position other trigger conditions, the current sampling rate and
22 control knob 18  , the XY and the acquisition mode. The short menu to the right of the
18 component test mode (UTIL graticule contains the most important settings of the cur-
23 menu) 19 , the vertical gain ad- rently active channel. You may select these settings using
19 justment knob 20  , the advan- the soft menu keys. Measurement results for automated
24
ced menu options key 21 , the measurements and cursors, settings for the activated
channel select keys 22 to 23 vertical channels, reference signals and mathematically de-
25
and selection key for the opti- rived curves are shown in the lower section of the screen.
20
onal logic probe R&SHO3508 Within the graticule, signals of the selected channels are
26
24 . You can also access the displayed. By default, 8 scale divisions are shown. This
21 27 MATH key, reference and BUS can be extended virtually to 20 divisions which can be dis-
signal settings key here 27 . played using the Scroll/Bar 5 key.

Section C : 2.4 General Operating Concept

C
The TRIGGER section includes The general operating concept is based on a few key prin-
all options to set the trigger cipals, recurring with various settings and functions:
level 28 , to switch between
28
Auto and Normal mode 29 , ❙❙ Keys that do not open a soft menu (e.g. SCROLL BAR)
to set the trigger type 31 , the activate a specific function; pressing this key a second
source 32  , the single trigger time will deactivate this function.
29 33
33  , to switch the trigger slope ❙❙ Keys that open a soft menu when pressed once will close
34 35   and to set the trigger signal the soft menu when pressed a second time.
30
filters 36   . Additionally, you ❙❙ Depending on the requirements, the universal knob in the
31 35 can find status indicators, and CURSOR/MENU section is designed to either select a
you can see if a signal fulfills numeric value or to navigate through submenus.
32 36 the trigger conditions 30 and ❙❙ The MENU OFF key below the soft menu keys closes the
which slope is used 34 . current menu or switches to the next higher level.
❙❙ Pressing the appropriate key will activate a deactivated
D Section D : channel. If a channel was already activated, selecting
In the HORIZONTAL section, another channel will change operation to the channel
37 users can shift the trigger po- whose key was pressed (its LED lights up).
38 41 sition horizontally or set and ❙❙ If cursor measurements are activated, the COARSE/FINE
navigate markers manually, key will select the cursor with the activated universal
37
42 either step-by-step with the knob in the CURSOR/MENU section. This key is used to
39 keys 37 38 39 or alternatively select or confirm input in all menus for alphanumerical
by using the smaller one of input and for the file manager.
the knobs 41  . In the menu,
43 you can also set search crite- The soft menus include some frequently used navigation
ria for events. The illuminated elements as described below. You can select the respec-
40 key 39 allows the selection tive element by pressing the corresponding soft menu
44
of the Run and Stop mode. key, and the element will be marked in blue. Alternatively,
When the stop mode is se- you can press the soft menu key to toggle between func-
Fig. 2.3: Control panels of
lected, the key will light up tion options. For functions that need to be activated and
sections B, C and D
in red. 40 activates the zoom require value selections, you may toggle between OFF
option, 44   selects the acquisition modes, 43 adjusts the and the set value (e.g. TIME OFFSET function). The round
time base speed and 42 enables access to the time base arrow in the menu window indicates that the value is to be
menus. To the left of the control panel, you also find the set by means of the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU
soft menu keys 2 to control the menu options. control panel. If the respective function includes an additi-
onal menu level, it will be indicated by a small triangle on
2.3 Screen the bottom right of a menu item. If additional menu pages
The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series is equip- are available, you can navigate these on the same level by
ped with a 6.5” (16.51 cm) TFT color monitor with LED using the last menu item. It includes the number of menu
backlight and VGA resolution (640x480 pixels). In the pages on this level as well as the current page number.
default setting (no menus shown), the screen includes You can advance to the next page by pressing the appro-
12 scale divisions on the time axis. If menus are shown, priate soft menu key. Once the last page was listed, the
this will be reduced to 10 divisions. Small arrows on the display will loop back to the first page.

9
Introduction

2.5 Basic Settings and Integrated Help the data to the base directory of a USB stick. Then connect
You can access important basic settings such as language the USB stick with the USB port of the oscilloscope and
for user interface and help, general settings and interface press the SETUP key in the GENERAL section of the con-
settings in the menu that opens when you press the SE- trol panel. The menu item UPDATE can be found on page
TUP key in the GENERAL section. On the first page of the 2|2. Selecting this menu item opens a window displaying
menu for the basic settings you can select the language version number, date and build information of the currently
for user interface and help. The menu item INTERFACE installed firmware. Pressing the soft menu key UPDATE
activates the menus to perform the interface configuration the instrument firmware will result in a search for the cor-
(USB or Ethernet). The menu item PRINTER includes set- responding file on the USB stick. The information for the
tings for POSTSCRIPT and PCL compatible printers. When new firmware to be installed will then be displayed on the
pushing this soft menu key, a submenu opens allowing the stick below the row labeled NEW:. The version number
user to select the paper format and color mode. Using the will be displayed in red in case the existing firmware on the
assigned soft menu key, the top menu item PAPER FOR- instrument is identical to the latest version; otherwise the
MAT allows you to choose from A4, A5, B5, B6, Executive, version number will be shown in green. Only if this is the
Letter and Legal in either portrait or landscape format. Use case, press the soft menu EXECUTE to start the update.
the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU section to select
the appropriate format. Following the same setup proce-
dure, the menu item COLOR MODE allows you to choose 2.7 Options / Voucher
between Grayscale, Color and Inverted. The Grayscale The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series includes
mode converts the color image to a grayscale image which options which allow you to expand the range of application
can be printed on a black-and-white postscript printer. for the instrument (such as bandwidth upgrade or bus
The Color mode prints the image in color as shown on the analysis functions). At this time, the options R&S®HOO10/
screen (black background). The INVERTED mode prints the HOO11/HOO12 resp. R&S®HOO512/HOO712/HOO572 are
color image with a white background on a color printer thus available for the R&S®HMO1002 series and the options
saving toner and ink. R&S®HOO10/HOO11/HOO12 resp. R&S®HOO312/HOO313/
HOO323 are available for the R&S®HMO1202 series. The
The menu item DEVICE INFORMATION opens a window bandwidth options R&S®HOO572, R&S®HOO512 and
with detailed information on hardware and software of the R&S®HOO712, R&S®HOO312, R&S®HOO313 and
measuring instrument. The soft menu key DEVICE NAME R&S®HOO323 resp. the bus analysis functions
allows you to define a name with up to 19 characters which R&S®HOO10, R&S®HOO11 and R&S®HOO12 can be
will be listed when screenshots are printed. The soft menu purchased ex factory with the R&S®HMO1002 resp.
MENU allows you to select whether soft menus are to be R&S®HMO1202 series. The bandwidth upgrade vouchers
closed manually or automatically after 4-30 s. Use the soft
menu key LOGO IN SCREENSHOT to determine whether Bandwidth Upgrades R&S®HMO1002 Series
Description Optionen-Code Voucher-Code
the R&S logo displays on the top right corner of printouts or
Bandwidth upgrade 50 MHz to 70 MHz R&S®HOO572 R&S®HV572
not.
Bandwidth upgrade 50 MHz to 100 MHz R&S®HOO512 R&S®HV512
Bandwidth upgrade 70 MHz to 100 MHz R&S®HOO712 R&S®HV712
The soft menu UPDATE for the instrument and help update
and LICENCES to upgrade software options will be descri-
bed in detail in the following chapters. The soft menu DATE Bandwidth Upgrades R&S®HMO1202 Series
Description Optionen-Code Voucher-Code
& TIME is used to set the date and time. The soft menu
Bandwidth upgrade 100 MHz to 200 MHz R&S®HOO312 R&S®HV312
SOUND is used to set the sound options. You can activate a
Bandwidth upgrade 100 MHz to 300 MHz R&S®HOO313 R&S®HV313
sound as beeping during setup, in the event of an error and
Bandwidth upgrade 200 MHz to 300 MHz R&S®HOO323 R&S®HV323
for the triggers.

The integrated help can be activated by pushing the HELP Bus Analysis Options
Description Optionen-Code Voucher-Code
key in the GENERAL section. This opens a window with ex-
planatory text. The text in the help window is dynamically I2C, SPI, UART/RS-232 on analog and
digital channels R&S®HOO10 R&S®HV110
updated with descriptions of the corresponding setting or
function. If you no longer require help, push the HELP key I2C, SPI, UART/RS-232 on all analog
channels R&S®HOO11 R&S®HV111
to close the HELP option. This will turn the LED indicator
CAN und LIN on analog and digital
for the key off and the text window for the help will close. channels (only R&S®HMO1002,
R&S®HMO1202) R&S®HOO12 R&S®HV112
Tab. 2.1: Overview R&S®HMO1002/1202 Options / Voucher
2.6 Instrument Firmware Update 1) o nly when ordering with a R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202
The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series is con- 2) A
 ctivation of R&S®HMO1002/HMO1202 options via upgrade voucher
stantly being advanced. You can download the current
firmware at www.rohde-schwarz.com. The firmware is R&S®HV572, R&S®HV512, R&S®HV712, R&S®HV312,
packed in a ZIP file. After downloading the ZIP file, unpack R&S®HV313 and R&S®HV323 and the bus analysis upgrade

10
 Introduction

vouchers R&S®HV110, R&S®HV111 and R&S®HV112 allow the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU section and the
for an upgrade at a later date via licence key. The installed ENTER key to enter the licence key manually. After
options and vouchers can be verified under DEVICE entering the complete key, press the soft menu key
INFORMATION in the SETUP menu. ACCEPT to confirm the entry. The option will be activated
after restarting the instrument.

The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series is prepa-

red for mixed-signal operation and have the appropriate
connectors on the front panel. Connecting an 8-channel
logic probe R&S®HO3508 equips the scope with 8 logic
channels.

2.8 Self Alignment

The instrument must have reached the required operating tempe-
rature (switched on for at least 20 minutes) and all inputs must
be unused, in other words all cables and probes must be removed
from the inputs.

Fig. 2.4: UPGRADE menu The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series features
an integrated self alignment procedure to achieve the
Once you have entered the voucher code on the highest possible accuracy. During the standard self align-
homepage http://voucher.hameg.com, the licence key will ment the instrument adjusts vertical accuracy, offset, time
be generated („SERIAL NUMBER.hlk“). The ASCII file may base and several trigger settings and saves the identified
be opened with an editor. This allows you to read the correction data internally. To start the self alignment in the
actual key in plain text. You can choose between two SETUP menu, press the soft menu key SELF ALIGNMENT
methods to enable the desired option with this key: an and press the START key. The procedure will run for about
automated reading or manual input. The automated 5-10 minutes. Each step and its corresponding progress
reading via USB stick is the fastest and easiest method. will be shown in a bar display.
Store the licence file on a USB stick and then install it to
the instrument using the FRONT USB port. Press the
SETUP key in the GENERAL section of the HMO control
panel to open the SETUP menu. You will find the
LICENCES menu on page 2|2. Press the soft menu key
READ KEYS from licence file to open the file manager.
Select the required licence file with the universal knob in
the CURSOR/MENU section and then use the soft menu
key LOAD to load it. This will load the licence key, making
the option instantly available by restarting the instrument.

Alternatively, you can enter the licence key manually.

Select the menu UPGRADE and press the soft menu key
INPUT KEY manually. This will open an input window. Use

Fig. 2.6: Self alignment successful

If an error occurs during the self alignment although it has been

carried out as described, please send the exported .log file (see
Self Alignment menu) to customersupport@rohde-schwarz.com.
You can save the .log file to a USB stick.

2.8.1 Logic Probe Self Alignment

The self alignment for the optional logic probe
R&S®HO3508 primarily aligns the switching levels. To start
the self alignment for the logic probe, it is necessary that
the logic probe type R&S®HO3508 is connected to the
R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series. It is impera-
Fig. 2.5: Manual input of the license key tive that the bit connectors are not connected. To start the

11
Introduction

process, select the menu item LOGIC PROBE in the SELF message will display on the screen. In addition, the home
ALIGNMENT soft menu. The process is similar to the basic screen, the instrument information and a screenshot will
instrument alignment but it only takes a few seconds. indicate that the education mode has been activated. To
deactivate this mode, press the soft menu key EDUCA-
TION MODE again, and the blue marking will disappear.

2.10 Back Panel of the Instrument

On the back panel of the instrument, you will find the
Ethernet/USB interface which is permanently installed in
the instrument. Optional interfaces are not available.

Fig. 2.7: Self alignment logic probe

2.9 Education Mode

The education mode allows you to deactivate the AUTO-
SET, QUICK VIEW and Auto measuring functions. When
this mode is activated (function is marked in blue), a Fig. 2.8: Back panel

12
 Quick Start Guide

3 Quick Start Guide

DC. Briefly press the AUTOSET key once 15 .

The following chapter is an introduction to the most impor-

tant R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series features
and settings allowing you to use the instrument promptly.
The integrated calibrator signal output is used as the signal
source which means that the first steps will not require any
additional instruments.

3.1 Setting up and turning the instrument on

3 4 6 7 9 10 12 13 15 16
A

Fig. 3.3: Screen display after changing to DC coupling

Fig. 3.1: After a few seconds, the oscilloscope will have automati-
Control cally selected the sensitivity, time base and trigger settings. A
panel of square wave signal will now be shown.
5 8 11 14 17
section A

To optimally set up the instrument, position the handle so

that the display will be inclined slightly upwards. Plug the
power cord into the rear panel conn 1 on the front panel.
The display appears after a few seconds, and the oscillo-
scope is ready for operation. Press the AUTOSET key 15
until a beep. This will reset the most important oscillo-
scope settings to their default settings.

3.2 Connection of a probe and signal capture

Make sure to align the passive probes prior to their first use. For
more information, please refer to the probe manual. Place the
probe in the appropriate position on the ADJ. output.
Fig. 3.4: Screen display after Autosetup
Take one of the provided probes and remove the protective
cap from the tip. Apply the probe compensation box to the
BNC connector for channel 1 and turn it to the right until it lat- 3.3 Display of signal details
ches into place. On the right hand side of the screen, you will With the time base knob
see the short menu for channel 1. Press the soft menu key to D 43 you can change the dis-
the right of each menu item to select frequently used settings. played time window. Turning
Press the top soft menu key to change the input coupling to 37 it CCW increases the time
38 41 base. Continue to turn the
knob CCW until you can read
37
42 “TB:5ms” in the upper left
39 corner of the screen. Press
the ZOOM key 40 . You will
see the two window display:
43 The upper section of the
window displays the entire
40 captured signal whereas
44
the lower section shows an
Fig. 3.5: Section D of the enlarged section. Use the
control panel with zoom key time base knob to select the
zoom factor. The small knob
allows you to determine the horizontal position of the sec-
tion. Press the ZOOM key 40 again to deactivate the zoom
Fig. 3.2: Screen display after connection of the probe mode.

13
Quick Start Guide

❙❙ amplitude, number of rising edges,

❙❙ pos. pulse width, neg. pulse width,
❙❙ pos. duty cycle, neg. duty cycle.

Fig. 3.6: ZOOM function

3.4 Cursor Measurements Fig. 3.7: Quick View parameter measurement

After displaying and reviewing the signal, the next step
will introduce cursor measurements of the signal. Again, With just one key, you can view all available parameters
briefly press the AUTOSET key once followed by the simultaneously that characterize the signal. This feature
CURSOR/MEASURE key. You can now select the desired always applies to the currently active display channel. You
type of measurement cursor from the menu. Press the may also display parameters for several signals. For this
soft menu key MEASURE TYPE to open the appropri- option, press the Quickview 10 key twice to deactivate this
ate selection menu. You can specify your selection with mode, press the CH2 key 23 to activate CH2 and press the
the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU section of the AUTO MEASURE 11 key to open the menu as displayed
control panel. Turn the knob CCW until the entry V MAR- below. Pressing the MEAS. PLACE soft key will display a
KER is marked in blue. Press the MENU OFF key to close list. Use the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU section
the menu or wait until it automatically closes after a few to choose the appropriate measurement place. The para-
seconds. Now two cursors will be shown along the signal meters will be displayed at the bottom of the screen. This
as well as the measurement results on the bottom of the menu allows you to define the parameters.
display. Press the universal knob to select the active cursor
and turn the universal knob to position the cursor. The
cursor measurement results will be shown on the bottom
of the display. In this example with the entry “V marker”,
the display includes the voltage at both cursor positions,
their difference, and the time difference between the cur-
sor positions. To switch off the cursor, press the CURSOR
MEASURE key again.

3.5 Automatic Measurements

In addition to cursor measurements the most important
signal parameters can be displayed. Your oscilloscope of-
fers these possibilities:
❙❙ Display definition of 6 parameters from varying sources
❙❙ Quick display of all important parameters of one source
by use of the QUICK VIEW feature Fig. 3.8: Selection of parameters

Please change the time base to 100 µs per scale division Press the CH2 key in the VERTICAL section. This will
and press the QuickView 10 key. You will see the most im- activate CH2. Press the AUTOMEASURE key to return to
portant parameters of a signal displayed: the definition menu. Select Measurement Place 1, select
❙❙ positive and negative peak voltages MEAN as measurement type and CH1 as source. Press the
❙❙ rise and fall times MEAS. PLACE soft menu key on top to select the second
❙❙ mean voltage measurement place. Define the measurement place as be-
fore as RMS value with the voltage of CH2. Once the menu
10 additional parameters are shown below the grid: is closed, parameters can be easily identified by the colors
❙❙ RMS, peak-peak voltage, of the respective source signal (in this instance, yellow for
❙❙ frequency, period, channel 1 and blue for channel 2).

14
 Quick Start Guide

3.6 Mathematical functions Press the soft menu key ACCEPT. The oscilloscope accepts
In addition to cursor and automatic measurements, the the name and returns to the settings menu. Here you can
R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series can also ap- store the current image by pressing the soft menu key SAVE.
ply mathematical operations to the signals. Pressing the Alternatively, you can move up one level in the menu by
MATH 26 key opens a menu enabling you to apply addi- using the OFF key on the bottom and select the menu item
tion, subtraction, multiplication or division to two analog FILE/PRINT. In the following menu press the soft menu key
channels. This also displays the mathematical graph. The SCREENSHOTS. This will assign the function Screenshot to
top soft menu key allows you to select the first operand. the FILE/PRINT 17 key with the selected settings. This enab-
With the key below, you can select the operator. The soft les you to generate a screenshot on your USB stick by pres-
menu key below that allows you to select the second ope- sing the FILE/PRINT key at any given time using any menu.
rand. Only activated and displayed channels are available
for the operands. The sources selected in the function
must be activated so that the mathematical graph can be
calculated and the result signals can be displayed.

3.7 Storing data

The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series is able to
store 4 different types of data:
❙❙ Device settings
❙❙ Reference signals
❙❙ Traces
❙❙ Screenshots

Out of these data types, signals and screen displays can only
be stored on a USB stick. All other data types can be stored
on a USB stick or internally in the instrument to non-volatile Fig. 3.10: Screenshot menu
storage media. To store data you have to define the data
type and the destination to be used for storing. First attach
a USB stick to the front USB connector of your oscilloscope.
Press the Save/Recall 12 key to open the respective menu.
Select the type of data you wish to store by pressing the res-
pective soft menu key (in this example SCREENSHOTS). This
will open the settings menu. In the top menu make sure that
Storage Front is selected. Press the soft menu key to open
the menu where you can select these settings. It is impor-
tant to connect a USB stick with the front USB connector of
your oscilloscope which must be recognized by your instru-
ment. Pressing the soft menu key SAVE allows you to save a
screenshot using the default file name (the current file name
is displayed in the menu item FILE NAME). You can also se-
lect a name for the target file with up to 8 characters. Select
the menu item FILE NAME and use the universal knob to
enter the name (in this example “TRC”).

Fig. 3.9: Save/Recall menu

15
Vertical System

4 Vertical System
trument will be used. With the R&S®HMO1002 series the
HZ154 probe is included in delivery which offers 10:1 /
1:1 switchable attenuation. The attenuation setting has to
be set manually in the channel menu. The R&S®HMO1202
You can select vertical set- series is delivered with the RT-ZP03 probe.
B
tings using knobs for the
vertical position and the You can set the coupling using the short menu or channel
22
sensitivity. You may also use menu. Simply press the respective soft menu key to set
18
a menu that is permanently the coupling and the graphic inversion of the input chan-
23
displayed as well as an ad- nel. The menu applies to the corresponding active channel.
19
vanced menu. You can select The illuminated channel key indicates which channel is
24
for which channel you want active. You can switch between channels by pressing the
25 the settings to be activated respective channel key.
20
by pressing the respective
26 channel key. Once a channel 4.2 Sensitivity, Y Positioning and Offset
has been activated, the key You can select the sensitivity of the analog inputs by using
21 27 will be marked by a colored the knob in the VERTICAL section (VOLTS/DIV) in 1-2-5
LED light. Additionally, the steps of 1mV/div to 10V/div. The knob is associated with
Fig. 4.1: Control panel for the screen display will include a the active channel (push the respective channel key to
vertical system frame around the activated activate the desired channel). Pushing the knob once will
channel with a frame and a switch to a continuous sensitivity setting. You can use
color brighter than that of deactivated channels. The cor- the smaller knob in the VERTICAL section (POSITION) to
responding short menu is always visible and you can push determine vertical settings for the active channel. Press
the Menu 21 key to activate the advanced menu. the MENU key to access advanced options. On page 2|2 of
this menu, you can add a DESKEW. To activate this offset
push the corresponding soft menu key. You can set the
offset value using the universal knob or the KEYPAD key
in the CURSOR/MENU section. Each analog channel may
be shifted in time by ±32 ns. This deskew setting is used
to compensate different signal delays when using different
cable lengths or probes.

4.3 Bandwidth Limit and Signal Inversion

Both the short menu and the advanced menu enable you
to insert an analog 20 MHz low pass filter to the signal
path. This will eliminate all higher frequency interference.
To activate the filter in the short menu, press the respec-
tive soft menu key BWL. In the advanced channel MENU
the bandwidth limit will be set with the soft menu key
Fig. 4.1: Short menu for vertical settings BANDWIDTH. Once the filter is activated, the menu item
will be marked in blue, and the identifier BW will be dis-
4.1 Coupling played in the channel information window. Signal inversion
The analog channels have an input impedance of 1 MΩ or is available in the short menu and the advanced menu in
50Ω with the R&S®HMO1202 series. The R&S®HMO1002 the VERTICAL section. An activated filter will be indicated
series have only an input impedance of 1 MΩ. in blue in the menu and by a bar above the channel name
. in the channel name window.
Do not connect the 50 Ω inputs to effective voltage higher than 5V.

The 50 Ω input impedance should only be selected if the 4.4 Probe Attenuation and Unit Selection
signal source is 50 Ω, e.g. a generator with a 50 Ω output (Volt/Ampere)
where the termination within the scope is to be used. In The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series does not
all other cases 1 MΩ is to be selected. The user determi- includes an integrated probe attenuation detection. You
nes if DC coupling or AC coupling is to be used. With DC can manually set the attenuation factor in the advanced
coupling, the DC voltage of the signal will be displayed. MENU in the VERTICAL section. This is possible with the
With AC coupling, an input filter of 2 Hz suppresses the predefined steps x1, x10, x100, x1000 or, using the univer-
display of DC voltage. Signals of up to 200 V (peak value) sal knob or the KEYPAD key, as defined by the user from
may be connected directly to 1 MΩ inputs. Higher voltages x0.001 to x1000. In this menu, you can also select the unit
can be measured with external probes (up to 40 kV peak Ampere in case you are using a current probe. If you select
voltage). This should only be used with DC coupling. For the unit Ampere (A), the menu shows the most common
all general applications, the probes supplied with the ins- factors (1V/A, 100mV/A, 10mV/A, 1mV/A). You may also

16
 Vertical System

use the USER setting to select any given value. You can set this range and crosses the trigger level thereby, no trigger
the value using the universal knob or the KEYPAD key in event occurs. With FIND LEVEL will automatically analyze
the CURSOR/MENU section. This setting may also be used the signal and find an approriate level.
to measure the voltage via shunt. All measurements are
always displayed with the correct unit and scale. 4.6 Naming a Channel
The last entry NAME in the VERTICAL menu opens a
4.4.1 Probe Compensation submenu which allows you to enter a channel name. This
name will be displayed on the grid and the printout. Your
Make sure to align passive probes prior to their first use, after an
first option is to switch the display on (ON) or off (OFF).
extended measurement break, or when switching instruments or
The next option includes the menu item LIBRARY. After
channels.
selecting this option, you can use the universal knob to
You can perform the probe compensation via compen- choose a name from several suggestions. The EDIT LA-
sation wizard or manually. To open the wizard, press the BEL key allows you to enter a completely new name or
SETUP key in the GENERAL section, and then press the to customize the suggested name. You may enter up to 8
soft menu key PROBE COMP. This compensation wizard characters. Use the ACCEPT key to confirm the name in
will guide you through all the important points of the probe the editor. It will then be shown in the display. The name
compensation. After connecting a probe, you can select is assigned to that specific signal and will move alongside
the respective analog channel via soft menu key CHAN- any set offset value.
NEL 1 (CH1) or CHANNEL 2 (CH2). The enclosed probe
stylus allows you to set the probe trimmers to an optimal
square wave shape.

Fig. 4.3: Name selection

Fig. 4.2: Probe compensation wizard

The compensation is performed at 1 kHz (LF) and 1 MHz

(HF). Use the soft menu FULL SCREEN to hide the wizard
help entries. Select NEXT STEP to toggle the wizard into
the 1MHz HF compensation. If multiple probes are con-
nected, you can switch the channel via soft menu key
NEXT CHANNEL. Use the EXIT option to exit the wizard
after a successful probe compensation. If you would like to
perform a manual compensation without the compensa-
tion wizard, choose the UTIL menu in the Vertical control
panel, then select the soft menu key PATTERN GEN. in the
soft menu SQUARE WAVE (see chapter 10.2.1).

4.5 Threshold Setting

On page 2|2 in the advanced MENU in the VERTICAL
section you can set a THRESHOLD. This threshold defines
the level to detect a High or a Low if analog channels are
used as source for the serial bus analysis or logic trig-
ger. After selecting this soft menu item, you can set the
threshold using the universal knob or the KEYPAD key.
With the soft menu key HYSTERESIS a range around the
trigger threshold level can be set. If the signal jitters inside

17
Horizontal System

5 Horizontal System
5.3 Acquisition modes
The acquisition modes are selected by pressing the AC-
QUIRE 44 key. This opens a display menu which offers the
following acquisition modes:
D In the HORIZONTAL system
section, users can select time 5.3.1 Roll
37 base settings for capturing, This acquisition mode is intended specifically for very
trigger time position, zoom slow signals, with the untriggered signal „rolling“ across
38 41
functions, acquisition modes, the screen from right to left (requires signals slower than
37 marker functions and search 200 kHz). The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series
42
39
functions. Knobs allow you to uses a ring buffer to store the signal values in roll mode.
set time base and trigger time Simply put, the instrument writes the first division to the
position. A menu enables you first storage space, the second division to the second
43 to select the desired acquisi- storage space, etc. Once the storage is full, the instrument
tion mode. A separate key is overwrites the first storage space with the data of the
40 available to activate the zoom. most recent measurement value. This creates a „ring“ or
44 Use the arrow keys 37 cycle run, similar to a ticker.
and the SET/CLR key to select
Fig. 5.1: Control panel of the The ZOOM feature is not available in the roll mode (also refer to
marker functions.
horizontal system Chap. 5.5 ZOOM Function)

5.1 Acquisition modes RUN and STOP 5.3.2 Arithmetic

The acquisition mode can be selected with the RUN/ The soft menu ARITHMETIC offers following menu items:
STOP key 39 In Run mode signals are shown on the screen ❙❙ REFRESH:
according to the selected trigger conditions, discarding This mode allows the capture and display of current
previously captured signals with each new capture. If you signals.
wish to analyze a captured signal on the screen without ❙❙ ENVELOPE:
overwriting it, capture must be stopped by pressing the In this mode, the display includes the normal capture of
RUN/STOP key. While in STOP mode, you may not capture each signal and the maximum as well as the minimum
new signals and the key is illuminated in red. values of each capture. Over time, this creates an
envelope surrounding the signal.
5.2 Time Base Settings ❙❙ AVERAGE:
The TIME/DIV knob in the HORIZONTAL section of the In this mode, you can use the universal knob in the
control panel is used to change the time base. The current Cursor/Menu section of the control panel to set the
time base setting (e.g.”TB: 500 ns”) is displayed in the up- number of signal periods for averaging, available in
per right above the graticule. To the right of the display you powers of 2 from 2 to 1024 (requires repetitive signals).
can see the trigger time position in relation to the default ❙❙ SMOOTH:
setting. The default setting shows the trigger time position The function SMOOTH is used to calculate the mean
in the center of the display, with 50% of the signal display value from several adjacent sampling points. The result is
before and 50% after this trigger position. The X-POSITION a smooth waveform. This function is used for non-perio-
knob 41 allows continuous adjustment of the x position. dic signals.
The maximum values allowed depend on the time base ❙❙ FILTER:
setting. In this mode, you can activate a low pass filter with
adjustable cut off frequency to suppress unwanted high
Pushing the SET/CLR key resets the value to its reference frequency interferences. The cut off frequency can be set
position as long as the marker or search functions have not based on the sampling frequency. The minimum setting is
been applied. The arrow keys 37 allow you to change 1/100 of the sampling frequency and the maximum value
the X position by a fixed amount of 5 divisions in the is 1/4 of the sampling rate. You can select this setting with
respective direction. The MENU 42 key opens a menu to the universal knob.
determine the function for the arrow keys 37 and the
SET/CLR key. As described above, these keys allow you to 5.3.3 Peak Detect
set the X position. Alternatively, you can use them to mark This mode is used for very large time base settings to
events within the signal with the option to navigate bet- detect even short signal changes. You can also deactivate
ween up to 8 markers. In the submenu NUMERIC INPUT this function within the menu (OFF) or you can select the
you can enter any horizontal position directly. This menu automatic switching mode (AUTO). The following condi-
also allows you to activate and set search functions. You tions must be met to activate the PEAK DETECT mode:
can also set the TIME REFERENCE (position for the trigger ❙❙ Function HIGH RESOLUTION is deactivated
reference point, from -6 divisions to +6 divisions with 0 ❙❙ None of the serial or parallel buses are active
being the center and default setting).

18
 Horizontal System

During peak detection, the oscilloscope distinguishes bet- 5.3.5 Interpolation

ween two types: With the soft menu item INTERPOLATION users can se-
❙❙ Acquisition peak detection: lect Sinx/x, Linear or Sample-Hold as interpolation type to
Each A/D converter converts at the full sampling rate (no display acquired data points. The default setting is Sinx/x
Interlace mode), even if results have not been written to interpolation which is the best option for displaying analog
the acquisition memory at full sampling rate (for slow time signals. Linear interpolation (LINEAR) uses a line to con-
bases, for instance). If peak detection is activated, unused nect acquired data points. SAMPLE-HOLD allows a more
converter values will be evaluated to detect minimum and precise assessment of the position for the acquired data
maximum amplitudes. During this process, the identified points.
minimum and maximum values including sampling
interval are written to the acquisition memory. As a result, 5.3.6 Record Mode
the acquisition memory stores data pairs representing the This soft menu item provides the following functions:
signal sequence according to the sampling interval. The
smallest detectable pulse is the period of the maximum 5.3.6.1 MAX. WFM.-RATE
sampling rate (no Interlace mode). This describes the This mode allows you to select the memory depth and
so-called acquisition peak detection. sampling rate to obtain the maximum trigger repeat rate.
❙❙ Memory peak detection: This mode allows you to select the memory depth and
A hardware peak detection is not available if data is sampling rate to obtain the maximum trigger repeat rate.
written to the acquisition memory at the ADC‘s maximum When using the MAX. WAVEFORM RATE mode, the oscil-
sample rate. For slow time bases and the record mode is loscope is set to display the maximum amount of captures
set to AUTOMATIC or MA.WFM.RATE, not all data from per second in the signal window. Each column in the signal
the acquisition memory will display on the screen. With window displays a captured date. When peak detection is
peak detection activated when reading out, skipped data activated, each column displays a pair of min/max values.
will be used to create a minimum and maximum value. The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series displays
The smallest detectable pulse is the period of the sample a signal window of 600x400 pixels (Yt without zoom). This
rate used to write to the acquisition memory. This translates into 600 data points per detection. When peak
describes the so-called memory peak detection. detection is activated, 600 pairs of min/max values or 1,200
data values are displayed. The memory depth corresponds
If one of the peak detection modes or a combination of to at least the displayed time window (time base x signal
the two are used, the corresponding detection mode is window grid section in horizontal direction) multiplied by
marked with „PD“ in the upper right of the display. the current sampling rate. The minimum value is deter-
mined by the maximum sampling rate and the maximum
5.3.4 High Resolution signal repeat rate of the oscilloscope. The displayed samp-
This mode uses Boxcar Averaging via adjacent detection ling rate corresponds to the current sampling rate divided
points (i.e. the converter runs at the maximum sampling by the amount of data skipped while reading out from the
rate) to increase the vertical resolution to up to 16 bit. You acquisition memory. If peak detection is activated, the dis-
can deactivate this function within the menu (OFF) or you played sampling rate corresponds to the current sampling
can select the automatic switching mode (AUTO). rate.

Averaging several adjacent sampling rates creates a value

with a higher degree of accuracy than the input data. The
resulting data is called high resolution data. The process
of merging multiple sampling rates to one new value only
allows a sampling rate that is smaller than the maximum
value. If the HIGH RESOLUTION mode is activated and
the current instrument setting allows the use of the HIGH
RESOLUTION mode, the detection mode is marked with
„HR“ in the upper right of the display.

The following requirements must be met to activate the

HIGH RESOLUTION mode:
❙❙ Sampling rate is smaller than the maximum sampling rate
(no Interlace mode) Fig. 5.2: AM modulated signal with maximum repeat rate
❙❙ Peak detection is deactivated
❙❙ No active logic pod 5.3.6.2 MAX. SA. RATE
❙❙ None of the serial or parallel buses are active If this function is activated, the instrument always sets
the maximum sampling rate while using the maximum
By default, all functions listed above are deactivated. memory available. The MAX. SAMPLE RATE function
always uses the maximum sampling rate and displays

19
Horizontal System

The entire oscilloscope memory can only be read out in STOP memory). The displayed sampling rate corresponds to the
mode if the maximum sampling rate has been activated. current sampling rate divided by the amount of data skip-
ped while loading from the acquisition memory. If peak
the maximum amount of data. Each column in the signal detection is activated, the displayed sampling rate corres-
window displays up to 40 detected data values (limited ponds to the current sampling rate.
by processor performance). How much data is currently
displayed depends on the displayed time window and the
current sampling rate. If peak detection is activated, each
column displays up to 20 pairs of min/max values. The
memory depth always corresponds to the maximum ac-
quisition memory. The displayed sampling rate is identical
with the current sampling rate. Peak detection is used if
the displayed time window contains more data than 40 *
signal window columns in the acquisition memory or min/
max data in the acquisition memory.

Fig. 5.4: Example figure of AM modulated signal with automatic setting

All settings apply the identical current sampling rate

(sampling rate used to write to the acquisition memory).
In STOP mode it is also possible to change menu items.
This does not impact the current memory depth but the
amount of displayed data will be adjusted. Peak detection
is also activated in STOP mode (time base in microse-
conds). In time bases displaying each sampling point, all
three settings behave identically (except used memory
Fig. 5.3: Example figure of AM modulated signal with max. sampling rate depth and signal update rate). Table 5.1 displays advan-
tages and disadvantages of each setting. Finally, it needs
5.3.6.3 AUTOMATIK to be mentioned that this menu replaces the adjustable
This function is the default setting and offers the best memory depth, a standard for other manufacturers. An
compromise between maximum repeat rate and maximum adjustable memory depth is intended to allow users to
sampling rate (selection of memory depth). Each column understand the relation between memory depth, time
in the signal window displays up to 10 captured data va- base and sampling rate and to evaluate advantages and
lues. How much data is currently displayed depends on disadvantages. With this option, the oscilloscope always
the displayed time window and the current sampling rate. captures signals with the maximum sampling rate. This al-
When peak detection is activated, each column displays lows users in STOP mode to zoom in retrospectively, even
up to 5 pairs of min/max values. The memory depth is at at the maximum repeat rate. It is also possible to zoom out
least twice as much as the storage capacity set for the at the maximum repeat rate if the STOP mode was run at
maximum repeat rate (limited by the maximum acquisition fast time bases. If a high repeat rate can only be attained

Setting Advantages Disadvantages Application

Maximum waveform rate: ıı Many captures in one image ıı High aliasing risk ıı Search for rare events
ıı Rare events can be detected more ıı Low accuracy of details ıı Displaying modulated signals
quickly in connection with per- ıı Low accuracy of measurements
sistence due to reduced amount of data
ıı Quick response to Operation or
change in signal
ıı Low noise band
Maximum sample rate ıı Maximum accuracy of details ıı Slow response to operation or ıı For signals with high frequency
ıı Lowest aliasing risk change in signal parts
ıı High accuracy of measurements ıı Low signal update rate ıı Assessment of small signal
ıı Higher visibility of noise details
Automatikc: ıı Average signal update rate ıı Possible aliasing ıı Default application
ıı Reasonably smooth operation
ıı Good accuracy of measurements
ıı Low noise band

Table 5.1: Advantages and disadvantages of each setting.

20
 Horizontal System

by means of low memory depth (as is the case with other zoom window is marked in white. The large knob in the
manufacturers) it is nearly impossible to zoom in retros- HORIZONTAL menu is used to change the zoom factor.
pectively in STOP mode. You can also press this knob. If the knob is pushed, the
time base setting is highlighted in white and the zoom time
5.4 Interlace Mode base in gray. Now the knob is available to select the time
In interlace mode, ADC and storage of two channels are base setting. This allows you to change time base settings
connected. This doubles the sampling rate and the acquisi- without having to leave the zoom mode. Pressing the knob
tion memory. A channel is considered active even if it has again will highlight the cursors limiting the zoom area in
been deactivated while still serving as the trigger source. If white, allowing you to use the knob to change the zoom
a channel is activated, the respective LED next to the input area. Now you can use the small knob in the horizontal
connector is illuminated. The following conditions must be area of the control panel to move the position of the zoo-
met to activate the Interlace mode: med section across the entire signal. As described above,
❙❙ No active logic pod pressing the large knob enables you to set the time base
❙❙ None of the serial or parallel buses are active but not the zoom factor. This in turn enables the small
❙❙ Logic trigger not active knob to move the trigger position to define the relationship
of pre- and post captures/records.
The interlace mode will be activated automatically.
The ZOOM function is not available in ROLL mode.

5.5 ZOOM Function In the acquisition mode ROLL, it is generally not possible
The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series features a to zoom in on the memory because the signal values of
memory depth of 1 MSa resp. 2MSa. This allows the user the X axis are always captured with the maximum memory
to record long and complex signals which can be analyzed depth. The acquisition mode NORMAL always includes
in full detail with the Zoom function. To activate this fea- more samples in the memory than what can be shown in
ture, press the ZOOM key 40 . The screen will be divided the display. That explains why in this mode you are able
into two sections. The upper window displays the entire to zoom in on the memory. The same does not apply to
time base window whereas the lower graticule shows an the values in the Y axis (amplitude). These values apply to
enlarged section of the upper window. The enlarged signal a specified axis and can therefore also be scaled in ROLL
section is marked by two blue cursors in the original signal mode.
(upper window). If several channels are activated in Zoom
mode, all displayed channels will be zoomed simultane- 5.6 Navigation Function
ously by the same factor and at the identical position. Fig. The X-POS. function (MENU key in the HORIZONTAL
5.5 displays the Zoom window with 100 µs per division. section) offers easy trigger time handling and allows it
The signal was captured within a time window of 12ms. to be entered numerically. The soft menu keys allow you
The zoom area (lower grid) also displays the parameter for to set the trigger time to the minimum or the maximum
zoom time base whereas time is displayed above the zoom value, for instance. You can use the soft menu key TIME
window. Z indicates the zoom time base (zoom factor) REFERENCE to define where in the signal window to find
and determines the width of the zoom area displayed in the trigger point value “0”. The signal is scaled by this re-
the zoom window (10 divisions x scaling per division). Tz ference point. You can use the universal knob in the CUR-
indicates the zoom time and determines the position of the SOR/MENU section to select the desired setting.
zoom area.
5.7 Marker Function
Markers allow you to highlight specific positions on the
screen, e.g. a rising or falling slope, an unexpected signal
value or a search result. Markers can be used to identify
specific signal sections to zoom in on and to analyze the
data more closely. Use the soft menu to activate the mar-
ker function. Press the MENU key in the HORIZONTAL
section to open the soft menu. Use the universal knob in
the menu to select MARKER. Once this mode is activated,
you can press the SET/CLR key to set a time marker at the
6th time unit (the menu in the center of the grid must be
deactivated). The time markers are marked by a vertical
line in gray-blue. The knob X Position allows you to move
the signal including the set marker. After identifying an
important signal position and setting it to the center of the
Fig. 5.5: Zoom function screen using the position knob, you can set an additional
marker. This procedure allows you to mark up to 8 interes-
The time base setting in the upper right of the display is ting positions within the signal. You can toggle between
highlighted in gray while the zoom time base above the markers by pressing the arrow keys 37 . These keys

21
Horizontal System

6 Trigger System
also allow you to center the markers in the middle of
the screen. This feature enables you to quickly compare
marked signal sections in ZOOM mode. To delete a marker,
center it in the middle of the screen and press the SET/CLR
key once again. You can also delete all time markers simul- Four keys are available to se- C
taneously in the marker soft menu. With the soft menu lect one of the frequently used
key TRIGGER TIME TO ZERO the triger time can be set to trigger settings:
0 s. Additionally, CLEAR ALL MARKER removes all defined ❙❙ TYPE: Selection of trigger 28
time stamp markers. type Edge, Puls, Logic, Video
and Hold off time
❙❙ SLOPE: Type of slope 29 33
❙❙ SOURCE: Determines the
trigger source 30 34
❙❙ FILTER: Determines the
exact trigger conditions 31 35

32 36
Additional keys are available
to select the trigger mo-
des (AUTO, NORMAL and Fig. 6.1: Control panel
SINGLE). for the trigger system

6.1 Trigger Modes Auto, Normal and Single

The AUTO/NORM 29 key allows you to toggle directly
between the basic trigger modes. If Auto mode is activa-
ted, the key is not illuminated. Pressing the key will activate
Fig. 5.6: Marker in Zoom mode
NORMAL mode, and a red LED will highlight the
key. In AUTO mode, the screen always displays a signal.
If a signal fulfills the trigger conditions, the oscilloscope
will synchronize with this event and triggers when the set
condition is met. In case of a signal that does not fulfill the
trigger condition (a simple case would be direct current),
the oscilloscope itself will generate a trigger event. This
allows a glance at the input signals at any time, regardless
of the trigger condition. In NORMAL mode, the signal will
now be captured and displayed if the trigger condition is
met. In case no new signal fulfills the set trigger condition,
the signal that was triggered last will be displayed. To
ensure that only a signal that meets the trigger condition
is detected and displayed, press the Single key to 33 ac-
tivate this mode. This key is highlighted in white when
the SINGLE mode is activated. The R&S®HMO1002 resp.
R&S®HMO1202 series detection and trigger system is now
activated, indicated by a blinking RUN/STOP key 39 . If the
trigger condition is fulfilled, the trigger system is activated,
data is stored and the oscilloscope switches to STOP mode
(the RUN/STOP key is permanently highlighted in red).

6.2 Trigger Source

The two analog channels are available as trigger sources
(SOURCE key). If the optional extension with active logic
probes R&S®HO3508 including 8 digital inputs is connec-
ted, up to 8 digital inputs are available as trigger source.
The soft menu key AC LINE enables you to trigger the
trigger at system frequency. The trigger signal is extracted
internally from the power supply.

6.3 Trigger type

The trigger type can be selected with the TYPE key 17 in
the TRIGGER section. A submenu will be opened.

22
 Trigger System

6.3.1 Slope Trigger ❙❙ LP (low pass): The trigger signal is coupled via low pass
The easiest and by far the most frequently used trigger with a maximum cut-off frequency of 5 kHz. This filter
is the slope trigger. The oscilloscope triggers if slopes removes high frequencies and is available with AC and
that were set with the EDGE key occur within the signal DC coupling.
selected in the SOURCE menu. The signal slope has to ❙❙ NR (noise reduction): A low pass filter with a maximum
pass through the set trigger level. The trigger type EDGE cut-off frequency of 100 MHz will improve the noise
TRIGGER is selected in the Autosetup mode (AUTOSET performance for the trigger amplifier. This filter removes
key). If, for instance, you select the pulse trigger and press high frequencies and is available with AC and DC
the AUTOSET key the setting will switch to Edge Trigger. coupling.
The TYPE key 31 in the TRIGGER section allows you to set
The coupling types low pass and noise reduction may not be acti-
the trigger type. This opens a menu with corresponding
vated simultaneously.
options. If the edge type is not active (highlighted in blue),
you can press the respective soft menu key to select this
type. The slope type (rising, falling or both) can be set 6.3.2 Pulse Trigger
directly with the SLOPE 35 key. This will shift the setting The pulse trigger allows triggering for specific pulse widths
forward by one, i.e. from rising to falling slope, to both of positive or negative pulses or for pulse width ranges.
slopes, and pressing the key yet one more time will trigger The oscilloscope triggers if a pulse occurs within the signal
another rising slope. The center of the status line on the selected in the SOURCE menu that matches the properties
top of the display and the display above the SLOPE key 35 set in the FILTER menu. If a pulse fulfills the trigger con-
show which slope type has been selected. ditions, the oscilloscope triggers on the trailing slope, i.e.
for a positive pulse it triggers on the falling slope and for a
negative pulse on a rising slope.

Activate the pulse trigger by pressing the TYPE key 31 in

the TRIGGER section. Press the FILTER key 36 , then you
can select additional settings for the pulse trigger in the
soft menu. There are six different settings:
❙❙ ti > t: The pulse width ti, which will generate the trigger is
greater than the adjustable reference time t.
❙❙ ti < t: The pulse width ti, which will generate the trigger is
less than the adjustable reference time t.
❙❙ ti = t: The pulse width ti, which will generate the trigger
equals the adjustable reference time t. The reference time
is a combination of time t plus the adjustable deviation.
❙❙ ti ≠ t: The pulse width ti, which will generate the trigger is
Fig. 6.2: Filter settings of edge trigger
unequal to the adjustable reference time t. The reference
time is a combination of time t plus the adjustable
The FILTER 36 key allows you to select how to couple the deviation.
signal for the trigger circuit: ❙❙ t1<ti<t2: The pulse width ti which will generate the trigger
❙❙ AUTO LEVEL: Automatic filter setting (default setting). is less than the adjustable reference time t2 and greater
❙❙ AC: The trigger signal is coupled via high pass filter with a than the adjustable reference time t1.
minimum cut-off frequency of 5 Hz which suppresses the ❙❙ not(t1<ti<t2): The pulse width which will generate the
DC portion of the triggering signal. With a changing DC trigger is greater than the adjustable reference time t2 and
portion, the trigger level remains at the set point in the AC less than the adjustable reference time t1.
signal. The trigger type AUTO (AUTO/NORM key) includes
the Peak-Peak mode which sets limits for the trigger in the The comparison time can be set between 16 ns to 10s. For
AC signal. This setting means that the trigger condition any value up to 1 ms the resolution is 2 ns and for any value
will be met for any applied signal without having to set the greater than 1 ms the resolution is 1 µs. The deviation can
level. For the trigger type NORM (AUTO/NORM key), the be set ±8 ns up to 657,5 µs with a resolution of 8 ns. The
Peak-Peak mode is deactivated, allowing the trigger level time resp. the variation (tolerance zone) can be selected
to be moved past the peak values of the signal. via universal knob or KEYPAD key in the CURSOR/MENU
❙❙ DC: The trigger signal is coupled to the trigger circuit with section. Selecting the corresponding soft menu item al-
all signal portions (AC and DC voltage). This has no lows you to set any of these settings for positively (POS.)
impact on the triggering signal. or negatively polarized pulses (NEG.). For the associated
❙❙ HF: The trigger signal is coupled via high pass filter with a positive pulse, you define the width from rising to falling
minimum cut-off frequency (-3 dB) of 30 kHz and is slopes, and accordingly for the associated negative pulse
automatically limited when triggering the level with from falling to rising slopes. As is consistent with the prin-
normal trigger. This coupling type should only be applied ciple, triggering always occurs on the second slope of the
to very high frequency signals. pulse.

23
Trigger System

6.3.3 Logic Trigger ❙❙ ti = t: The duration of the applied bit pattern which will
You may test all settings in the logic trigger without any active generate the trigger is equal to the adjustable reference
logic probes R&S®HO3508 connected. time.
❙❙ ti < t: The duration of the applied bit pattern which will
Selecting the LOGIC trigger in the soft menu after pressing generate the trigger is less than the adjustable reference
the TYPE key 31 will switch the trigger source to the digital time
inputs. Pressing the SOURCE key 32 after selecting this ❙❙ ti > t: The duration of the applied bit pattern which will
trigger type displays a soft menu for additional settings generate the trigger is greater than the adjustable
and a window to list these settings. The soft menu key reference time.
LOGIC CHANNEL enables you to select a logic channel for ❙❙ t1<ti<t2: The pulse width ti which will generate the trigger
which you wish to determine the trigger condition. Use is less than the adjustable referance time t2 and greater
the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU section for this than the adjustable reference time t1.
purpose. In the general menu, the selected digital input ❙❙ not(t1<ti<t2): The pulse width which will generate the
is marked with a blue background. In the field, the trigger trigger is greater than the adjustable reference time t2 and
level is marked as High (H), Low (L) or (X). Use the corres- less than the adjustable reference time t1.
ponding soft menu key to select the trigger level. The soft ❙❙ Timeout: Triggers if the combination is still valid after
menu item COMBINATION allows the logic combination of time t. Time t defines the trigger time limit for the timeout.
the digital channels. They can be combined by logic AND
or OR. If AND is selected, the set conditions of all channels
must be met simultaneously for the input signal so that the
combination produces a logic High (H) as a result. If OR is
selected, at least one of the defined level conditions must
be met. The last item in this menu is the option TRIGGER
ON. Use the soft menu key to select TRUE or FALSE.
This allows you to preselect whether the trigger will be
generated at the beginning (TRUE) or the end of the logic
condition (FALSE).

Fig. 6.4: Logic channels’ settings display

As with the pulse trigger, for ti ≠ t or ti = t you can set a refe-
rence time with the soft menu key TIME and the universal
knob. Selecting the soft menu item DEVIATION allows you
to use the universal knob and KEYPAD key in the CURSOR/
MENU control panel to set the deviation ∆t which defines
the tolerance between set reference time t and valid and
real pulse width ti (permissible tolerance range). To change
the threshold values for the logic states “one” and “zero”,
Fig. 6.3: Logic trigger menu it is necessary to use settings in the channel menu (MENU
key in the VERTICAL section). Select the POD 24 ). If logic
After selecting the desired set of conditions, you can use mode is already activated, the digital channels will be dis-
the FILTER key 36 for additional settings. A soft menu will played in the channel display section of the display (framed
open allowing you to add a time limit to the TRIGGER ON and marked with “POD:xxxV“). Pressing the MENU key 21
option (this menu shows the condition selected in the in the VERTICAL section allows you to activate one of five
SOURCE menu). Press the top soft menu key DURATION predefined logic levels. Three of these are fixed for TTL,
to add a time limit. This option compares the duration of CMOS and ECL. After pressing the respective menu item,
the output signal for the combination of the logic condi- two customized logic levels may be set from –2 V to 8 V
tions to the set duration ti. If the duration is identical or not (USER1 / USER2) with the universal knob or the KEYPAD
identical, you can set the deviation ∆t. If t is within these key in the CURSOR/MENU section. The soft menu key SET
parameters, the trigger condition has been met. The menu TO DEFAULT POS. & SIZE activates the display for all digital
field below allows the selection of the comparison criteria. channels of the selected group by using default values for
The following criteria are available: the vertical position and size. You may also define the name
❙❙ ti ≠ t: The duration of the applied bit pattern which will for the current signal by using the soft menu NAME. A lib-
generate the trigger is unequal to the adjustable reference rary provides a list of predefined names. The name can be
time. activated, deactivated or edited.

24
 Trigger System

6.3.4 Video Trigger 6.3.5 Trigger Hold Off Time

The video trigger allows you to trigger on PAL, NTSC The trigger hold off time indicates how long after a trigger
SECAM standard video signals or on HDTV signals. After the oscilloscope waits until the trigger system is ready
selecting the VIDEO trigger press the SOURCE 32 key. The again. The trigger system is active again only after the
FILTER 36 menu allows you to define additional settings. trigger hold off time has expired. This allows the function
The oscilloscope triggers if the CVBS signal (Color Video to guarantee stable triggering in case unwanted events are
Baseband Signal) selected in the SOURCE menu features triggered. Ideally, the hold off time is used to trigger on
the attributes set in the FILTER menu. Select the desired periodic signals with several slopes.
standard by pressing the respective soft menu key STAN-
Changing the time base does not impact the selected hold off
DARD. Use the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU sec-
time.
tion or press the soft menu key again to select the desired
standard. The following modes are available: HOLD OFF is a dual soft menu key. If the top section of the
❙❙ PAL soft menu key is active (highlighted in blue), a value can
❙❙ NTSC be entered in the CURSOR/MENU section via universal
❙❙ SECAM knob or numerically via KEYPAD button. You may enter
❙❙ PAL-M any value between 50 ns and 10 s. The bottom section of
❙❙ SDTV 576i Interlaced the soft menu key OFF (highlighted in blue) allows you to
❙❙ HDTV 720p Progressive deactivate the function HOLD OFF.
❙❙ HDTV 1080p Progressive
❙❙ HDTV 1080i Interlaced 6.4 Trigger Events
Use the UTIL menu in the VERTICAL control panel on page
2|2, and then choose the soft menu key ACQ. TRIGGER
EV. to issue a pulse at the AUX OUT connector for each
trigger event (Issuing The Trigger Frequency).

6.5 External Trigger

The settings for the external trigger input (EXT TRIG IN)
can be set via the POD menu. After pressing the POD but-
ton you can activate resp. deactivate the external trigger
functionality (soft menu key EXT). If the external trigger
functionality is activated (ON), the settings for the external
trigger functionality can be set via MENU menu in the
VERTICAL section of the front panel. Via soft menu key
EXT. THRESHOLD the threshold for the external trigger si-
Fig. 6.5: Video trigger menu gnal can be set. You can use an external trigger signal e.g.
for CS (Chip Select) of a SPI BUS (displayed as green line).
The second setting will apply to the polarity of the sync
pulse (may be positive or negative). With positive video
modulation (the highest brightness is represented in the
image by the maximum signal voltage), the synchroniza-
tion pulses are negative, with negative modulation they
are positive. The slopes of the synchronization pulses are
used for triggering which explains why a faulty polarity
setting causes irregular triggering by image information.
Next you can select between frame triggering (FRAME)
and line triggering (LINE). Selecting LINE allows you to
define the exact line between 1 and 625 via universal knob
or the KEYPAD button in the CURSOR/MENU section. The
soft menu item ALL LINES enables the oscilloscope to
trigger on the start of the lines in the video signal. This key
selects all lines i.e. even when other trigger conditions are
Fig. 6.6: External trigger signal
met, the oscilloscope will trigger on each line. If FRAME
is selected for frame triggering, the lower menu items will
allow to trigger on ODD or only EVEN half frames. In this
case, the oscilloscope will trigger on the start of the half
frames in the video signal. The respective key will select
the odd (even) half frames, i.e. even if the other trigger
conditions are met, the oscilloscope will trigger on each
odd (even) half frame.

25
Signal Display

7 Signal Display
displayed. Depending on the selected trigger type, the
user will see specific information about the acquisition
status. This information will only be displayed if the signal
changes on the screen can persist over a longer period. If
The following chapter describes the selection and display the trigger condition has been met, the information
of signals from various sources as well as all available dis- window shows a progress display for the post-trigger and
play modes. pre-trigger. If the trigger condition has not been met, the
information window shows the time of the last trigger
7.1 Display Settings event (Trig?). If the trigger type AUTOMATIC is selected,
The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series features the instrument will switch to non-triggered acquisition
a high quality TFT display with VGA (640x480 pixels reso- mode in case of a non-triggered condition over an ex-
lution) including LED backlighting. Basic display settings tended period of time. This acquisition mode does not
can be defined by pressing the DISPLAY 14 key in the display an info window as the data currently captured is
GENERAL section. When the soft menu item VIRTUAL displayed.
SCREEN is activated, a scroll bar will display to the right of ❙❙ AUX. CURSORS:
the display graticule. Use the universal knob to upload and This soft menu allows you to define the settings for
download the display window within the 20 divisions of auxiliary cursors. Pressing the function keys enables you
the virtual screen. You will find a detailed description of the to activate or deactivate the cursors. The menu item
VIRTUAL SCREEN option in the next chapter. DEFAULTS resets the default settings.
The following settings can be selected:
❙❙ DOTS ONLY:
If this option is activated (ON), only the acquired data 7.2 Usage of the Virtual Screen
points will be shown. This means that the data points of
all signals will not be connected by vertical lines. If this
option is deactivated (OFF), interpolated data points will
also be shown.
❙❙ INVERSE BRIGHTN.:.
This setting inverts the brightness of the displayed signals.
Normally, frequently captured dots will be displayed more
brightly than rare dots. The INVERSE BRIGHTNESS option
reverses the circumstances. Rare events display a higher
brightness compared to frequent events. To capture rare
events in a signal, this setting can be used in combination
with persistence.
❙❙ FALSE COLORS:
This setting converts the brightness levels of the dis-
Fig. 7.1: Drawing of the virtual screen area
played signals to a color scale (ranging anywhere from
blue, magenta, red and yellow to white). Thanks to the
higher contrast, users can view signal details more easily. The graticule for the R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202
This setting applies to all signals simultaneously. series includes 8 vertical divisions but also has a virtual
❙❙ GRID: range of 20 divisions. These 20 divisions may be used
This soft menu allows you to display the graticule as entirely by the optional digital channels D0 to D7, the ma-
LINES (the graticule is divided into horizontal and vertical thematical channels and the references signals. The analog
divisions), as CENTER CROSS (displays one horizontal channels may use up to ±10 divisions from the center.
and one vertical zero line, showing the divisions as dots)
or as OFF (the entire graticule will include no dots or Fig. 7.1 illustrates the functionality of the virtual screen.
lines). The display includes a section of 8 vertical divisions in
❙❙ INFO WINDOWS: gray. This section enables you to display analog signals.
Selecting this soft menu item will open a submenu which The small bar next to the graticule indicates the position of
allows you to set the transparency for the info windows. the 8 visible divisions within the available 20 divisions. By
Info windows are small windows that appear on the pressing the SCROLL BAR 5 the bar will be activated and
screen depending on the particular application (e.g. displayed in blue and you can use the universal knob to
values are displayed when offset is changed). A trans- shift the 8 visible divisions (gray section) within the availa-
parency value of 0% to 100% is selectable. Use the ble 20 divisions. This allows a simple and clear display of
universal knob or the KEYPAD key to define this setting. many individual signal portions.
Additional menu items allow you to activate or deactivate
the info windows for POSITION and TRACE BRIGHTN.. If
POSITION is activated and the vertical position is
changed, the respective value on the zero line will be

26
 Signal Display

7.3 Signal Intensity Display and Persistence the set persistence time. Instead, these signals will con-
Function tinue to be displayed in the background with low bright-
The default setting (indicated as active when the INTENS/ ness. This display is useful for the analysis of peak values
PERSIST 7 key is illuminated in white) allows you to use in signals, for instance.
the universal knob to change the intensity of the signal
display to anywhere from 0% to 100%. Persistence mode 7.4 XY display
allows the display of varying signals by enabling the inst- The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series features
rument to write several signals on the display simultane- a key that allows you to switch directly to the XY display.
ously. It is also possible to induce accelerated aging of Two signals will be displayed simultaneously, one in Y
signals with an adjustable persistence from 50ms to infi- direction and one in X direction. This implicates that the
nite. Signals occurring less frequently will be displayed in time base X will be replaced by amplitude values of a
darker color and signals occurring more frequently will be secondsource. The resulting signal curves for harmonic si-
displayed in lighter color. Press the INTENS/PERSIST key in gnals are known as Lissajous figures and allow the analysis
the soft menu to select this mode. of frequency and phase position for these two signals. In
case of a nearly identical frequency the figure will rotate. If
The soft menu items TRACE, GRID and BACKLIGHT allow the frequency is exactly identical, the figure will stand still
you to use the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU sec- and the phase position can be deduced from its shape.
tion to adjust the grid intensity and the backlighting. The
soft menu SETTINGS allows you to select the persistence You can activate the XY display by pressing the UTIL key
settings for the signals on the screen. The persistence 19 in the VERTICAL section. The display will divided into
function ensures that signals will not be replaced when one large and three small display areas. The large grid
the screen is updated. Instead, the signals will pause for a shows the XY display while the small grids show the
specific amount of time and then slowly begin to fade. This source for X and Y. The small windows feature the classi-
type of display is very similar to that of an analog oscillo- cal signal display as Y vs. time. The analog channels can
scope. There are three possible settings for the duration of be selected as source.
the persistence: OFF, AUTOMATIC and MANUAL.

Fig. 7.2: Persistence function

The option MANUAL allows you to set a duration of 50ms

to infinite by using the universal knob or the KEYPAD
key. If a finite duration was selected, new signals will be
written on top of one another within this timeframe where
the most recent captures will be displayed more brightly
than older signals. For instance, if 300 ms is selected, the
display for the signal curves will become darker in 50ms
intervals and will be erased after 300 ms. The AUTOMATIC
setting allows you to select the automatic configuration of
the persistence. If this setting is activated, the instrument
attempts to select the optimal time. If OFF is selected, the
persistence function is deactivated.

Another available option is the BACKGROUND function.

With this key, you can activate or deactivate a mode which
allows older signal curves to not disappear entirely after

27
Signal Display

8 Measurements
PEAK VALUES: This mode provides two
cursors to measure the minimum and the maxi-
mum voltage of a signal within the interval set
by using both cursors. The values Vp- and Vp+
There are two different types of measurements on signals: correspond to the minimum and the maximum voltage.
cursor measurements and automatic measurements. All The peak value (Vpp) corresponds to the amount of vol-
measurements are stored in a buffer memory that is larger tage between the minimum and maximum value.
than the display memory. The integrated hardware counter
shows the frequency and period duration for the selected RMS, MEAN, STANDARD DEVIATION: This
input. mode provides two cursors to measure the
effective value (RMS – Root Mean Square), the
8.1 Cursor Measurements mean value and the standard deviation within the interval
The measurement option that is most frequently used with set by using both cursors.
an oscilloscope is the cursor measurement. Depending on
the measurement type up to three markers are available. To DUTY RATIO: This mode provides three
control cursor measurements, you may use the keys CUR- cursors to determine the duty ratio between
SOR MEASURE and KEYPAD as well as the universal knob. the two horizontal cursors. The third cursor is
The menu CURSOR MEASURE allows you to select cursor- used to specify the threshold at which the duty ratio is
based measurements for an activated signal source on the measured.
oscilloscope. The measurement type can be defined in the
menu that opens when you press the CURSOR MEASURE BURST WIDTH: This mode determines the
key. duration of burst from the first edge to the last
Following measurement types can be selected: edge (Bst).

VOLTAGE: This mode provides two cursors to RISE TIME 90%: This mode provides two cur-
measure three different voltages. The values sors to measure the rise and fall time of the first
V1 and V2 correspond to the voltage between rising slope in the displayed view of the screen
the zero base line of the selected signal and the current within the time span set by the cursors. The rise time iden-
position of the first or second cursor. The value ΔV corres- tifies the time in which the signal rises from 10% to 90% of
ponds to the amount of voltage between the two cursors. its amplitude.

TIME: This mode provides two cursors to RISE TIME 80%: This mode provides two cur-
measure three different times and an equivalent sors to measure the rise and fall time of the first
frequency. The values t1 and t2 correspond to rising slope in the displayed view of the screen
the time between the trigger and the current position of within the time span set by the cursors. The rise time iden-
the first or second cursor. The value Δt corresponds to the tifies the time in which the signal rises from 20% to 80%
amount of time between the two cursors. of its amplitude.

RATIO X: This mode provides three cursors to V-MARKER: This mode pro-
measure a ratio in X direction (e.g. a duty ratio) vides two cursors to measure
between the first two cursors and the first and three different voltages and
the third cursor. The measurement values are displayed in a time. The values V1 and V2 correspond to the voltage
four different formats (floating point, percent, degrees and between the zero base line of the selected curve and the
radians). current position of the first or second cursor. The value ΔV
corresponds to the amount of voltage between the two
RATIO Y: This mode provides three cursors cursors. The value Δt corresponds to the amount of time
to measure a ratio in Y direction (e.g. an between the two cursors.
overshoot) between the first two cursors and
the first and the third cursor. The measurement values CREST FACTOR: The crest factor (peak-to-average ratio)
are displayed in two different formats (floating point and is calculated from the maximum value divided by the RMS
percent). value of the waveform (Crest).

COUNT: This mode provides three cursors to To move cursors, press the universal knob in the CURSOR/
count signal changes that exceed the threshold MENU section and position the cursor by turning the univer-
within a specific interval. The interval may be sal knob. The measurement types have the following func-
set by using the first two cursors and the threshold may be tions. The measurement results are displayed at the bottom
set by using the third cursor. The measurement values are of the screen. If “n/a” is displayed, the measurement is not
displayed in four different formats (number of rising and applicable to the signal. For instance, this may be the case
falling slopes and number of positive and negative pulses). for a voltage measurement on a POD because only logic sta-

28
 Measurements

tes without voltage reference are displayed here. If “?” is dis- MEAN VALUE: This mode measures the
played, the display does not show a complete measurement mean value of the signal amplitude (Mean). If
result. For instance, the period to be measured may not the signal is periodic, the first period on the
display completely and can consequently not be identified. left of the screen will be used for the measurement. The
measurement will only be applied to the selected channel.

RMS VALUE: This mode identifies the effec-

tive value from the displayed view of the signal.
If the signal is periodic, the first period on the
left of the screen will be used for the measurement. The
effective value is not applied to a sine signal will be calcu-
lated directly (so-called TrueRMS). The measurement will
only be applied to the selected channel.

PEAK-PEAK: This mode measures the diffe-

rence in voltage between the maximum and
the minimum peak value of the signal within
the displayed view (Vpp).

Fig. 8.1: Cursor measurement setting menu

PEAK + : This mode measures the maximum
voltage value in the displayed view of the
If the function AUTOM. SOURCE is activated (ON), the screen. The measurement will only be applied
currently targeted channel will be used as source for the to the selected channel (Vp+).
measurement automatically. If the setting is deactivated
(OFF), the channel set under SOURCE will be applied PEAK – : This mode measures the minimum
even if it is not targeted. Pressing the soft menu key SET voltage value in the displayed view of the
TO TRACE places the selected cursors in their optimal screen. The measurement will only be applied
position on the signal curve. This allows very fast and to the selected channel (Vp-).
typically optimal automatic positioning of the cursors. For
the most part, only fine tuning is required at this point FREQUENCY: This mode identifies the fre-
and the tedious major adjustments to the cursors will no quency of the signal from the reci-procal value
longer be necessary. In case the automated function SET of the first signal period T (f). The measurement
TO TRACE does not provide the anticipated results due will only be applied to the selected channel.
to complex signals, you can press the key SET TO TRACE
to position the cursors in a predefined starting position. PERIOD: This mode measures the duration of
This allows you to return distant cursors to the screen. the signal period T. The period identifies the
The soft menu key GLUE TO TRACE allows cursors to stay duration between two equal values of one peri-
on the selected data point without changing the position odically repeated signal.
in the measurement signal even if the scaling is modified
(cursors will be „glued“ to the signal). This function can be AMPLITUDE: This mode measures the am-
activated or deactivated. If this mode is deactivated, the plitude of a square wave signal (VAmp). This
cursor stays in position on the screen if scaling occurs. mode calculates the difference in voltage bet-
With GLUE TO TRACE deactivated, the measured value ween the upper and the lower level (Vbase and Vtop). The
changes while it remains unmodified when the mode is measurement will only be applied to the selected channel
activated. and requires a minimum of one complete period of a trig-
gered signal.
The cursors will be deactivated by pressing the CURSOR
MEASURE key. The cursor menu will be closed. CREST FACTOR: The crest factor (peak-to-average ratio)
is calculated from the maximum value divided by the RMS
value of the waveform (Crest).
8.2 Automatic Measurements
The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series features TOP LEVEL: This mode measures the mean
cursor measurements and also various automatic mea- voltage level of an upper square wave (V Top).
surements. These may be activated by pressing the key This mode calculates the mean value of the
AUTO MEASURE 11 in the section ANALYZE. This menu slope (without overshoot). The measurement will only be
allows you to select up to six automatic measurement applied to the selected channel and requires a minimum of
functions by using the soft menu key MEAS. PLACE and one complete period of a triggered signal.
the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU section. Fol-
lowing automatic measurement types can be selected:

29
Measurements

BASE LEVEL: This mode measures the mean FALL TIME 90%: This mode measures the fall
voltage level of the lower square wave (VBase). time of the first falling slope in the displayed
This mode calculates the mean value of the view of the screen (tf). The fall time identifies
slope (without overshoot). The measurement will only be the time in which the signal falls from 90% to 10% of its
applied to the selected channel and requires a minimum of amplitude.
one complete period of a triggered signal.
RISE TIME 80%: This mode measures the rise
POS. OVERSHOOT: This mode measures the time of the first rising slope in the displayed
positive overshoot of a square wave which is view of the screen (tr80). The rise time identifies
calculated from top level, peak + and amplitude the time in which the signal rises from 20% to 80% of its
value (+Ovr). amplitude.

NEG. OVERSHOOT: This mode measures the FALL TIME 80%: This mode measures the fall
negative overshoot of a square wave which is time of the first falling slope in the displayed
calculated from base level, peak - and ampli- view of the screen (t f80). The fall time identi-
tude value (-Ovr). fies the time in which the signal falls from 80% to 20% of
its amplitude.
PULSE WIDTH +: This mode measures the
width of the positive pulse. A positive pulse σ-STD. DEVIATION: This mode measures the
consists of a rising slope followed by a falling standard deviation of the signal amplitude in
slope. This measurement type identifies the two slopes the displayed view of the screen. The standard
and calculates the pulse width from their time difference. deviation is the measurement for the deviation
The measurement will only be applied to the selected of a signal from its mean value. A low result indicates that
channel and requires a minimum of one completely dis- the values are close to the mean value. A higher result
played period of a triggered signal. illustrates that on average the difference between the va-
. lues is greater.
PULSE WIDTH –: This mode measures the
width of the negative pulse. A negative pulse DELAY: This mode measures the time delay
consists of a falling slope followed by a rising between the set measurement source and
slope. This measurement type identifies the two slopes the reference source. This mode searches for
and calculates the pulse width from their time difference the slope of the measurement source that is closest to
(t). The measurement will only be applied to the selected the time reference. Then, beginning from this point, it
channel and requires a minimum of one completely dis- searches for the nearest slope of the reference source.
played period of a triggered signal. This time difference indicates the measurement result. A
submenu (DELAY SETUP) allows you to select the setting
DUTY CYCLE +: This mode measures the for measurement source, reference source and slopes.
positive duty ratio. In this mode, positive signal
portions are identified over a specific period PHASE: This mode measures the phase
and will then be analyzed in relation to the signal period. between two slopes of two channels in the
The measurement will only be applied to the selected displaced view of the screen (Phs). This mode
channel and requires a minimum of one complete period measures the relation of the time delay between the set
of a triggered signal. The measured value Dty+ is dis- sources to the signal period of the measurement source.
played as a percentage of the signal period. This mode searches for the slope of the measurement
source that is closest to the time reference. Then, begin-
DUTY CYCLE –: This mode measures the ne- ning from this point, it searches for the nearest slope of
gative duty ratio. In this mode, positive negative the reference source. The time difference and the signal
portions are identified over a specific period period indicate the measurement result in degrees. A sub-
and will then be analyzed in relation to the signal period. menu (MEASUREMENT SOURCE/ REFERENCE SOURCE)
The measurement will only be applied to the selected allows you to select the measurement source and the
channel and requires a minimum of one complete period reference source with the universal knob in the CURSOR/
of a triggered signal. The measured value Dty+ is dis- MENU section.
played as a percentage of the signal period.
BURST WIDTH: This mode determines the
RISE TIME 90%: This mode measures the rise duration of burst from the first edge to the last
time of the first rising slope in the displayed edge (Bst).
view of the screen (tr). The rise time identifies
the time in which the signal rises from 10% to 90% of its COUNT + : This mode counts positive pulses
amplitude. in the displayed view of the screen. A positive
pulse consists of a rising slope followed by a

30
 Measurements

falling slope. The mean value is calculated from the ampli- The automatic measurement results are displayed at the
tude of the measurement signal. A slope will be counted if bottom of the screen. If “n/a” is displayed, the measurement
the signal runs through the mean value. A pulse that pas- is not applicable to the signal. For instance, this may be the
ses the mean value only once will not be calculated. The case for a voltage measurement on a POD because only
measurement will only be applied to the selected channel. logic states without voltage reference are displayed here. If
“?” is displayed, the display does not show a complete mea-
COUNT – : This mode counts negative pulses surement result. For instance, the period to be measured
in the displayed view of the screen. A negative may not display completely and can consequently not be
pulse consists of a falling slope followed by a identified.
rising slope. The mean value is calculated from the ampli-
tude of the measurement signal. A slope will be counted if The list of available sources only includes displayed
the signal runs through the mean value. A pulse that pas- channels (possible sources are analog, digital and mathematical
ses the mean value only once will not be calculated. The channels).
measurement will only be applied to the selected channel.
With the soft menu key CLEAR ALL the activated automa-
COUNT +/ : This mode counts signal changes tic measurements will be switched off.
(slopes) from Low Level to High Level in the
displayed view of the screen. The mean value is
calculated from the amplitude of the measurement signal.
A slope will be counted if the signal runs through the
mean value. The measurement will only be applied to the
selected channel.

COUNT –/ : This mode counts signal changes

(slopes) from High Level to Low Level in the
displayed view of the screen. The mean value is
calculated from the amplitude of the measurement signal.
A slope will be counted if the signal runs through the
mean value. The measurement will only be applied to the
selected channel.

TRIGGER FREQUENCY: This mode measures

the frequency of the trigger signal bases on
the period duration (f Tr). The source for the
measurement is the currently set trigger source. The fre-
quency will be determined with a hardware counter with a
high accuracy of 5 digits.

TRIGGER PERIOD: This mode measures the

duration of periods of the trigger signal (with a
hardware counter T Tr).

Fig. 8.2: Auto measurement setting menu

31
Analysis

9 Analysis
the MENU key in the VERTICAL section the configura-
tion menu will be opened. With the first and the third soft
menu key OPERAND, you can choose the respective chan-
nel (source) for the mathematical calculation. You may only
The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series features choose activated analog channels. The central soft menu
different analysis functions for the collected data records key OPERATOR allows you to select the calculation type.
which are displayed on the screen. Simple mathemati- Following calculation types (OPERATOR) can be selected:
cal functions can be performed with the mathematical
function while more complex functions and the linking of
functions can be accomplished with the formula editor Addition Multiplication
(only with R&S®HMO1202 series). The MATH menu inclu- (ADD) (MUL)
des mathematical functions for the recorded signal types.
The mathematical functions track the changes of the Subtraction Division
included signals and only apply to the visible area. You can (SUB) (DIV)
also activate the frequency analysis (FFT) by pressing the
respective key. The function QUICK VIEW provides a quick You can use the universal knob in the CURSOR/ MENU
overview for the signal properties. A masked-based PASS/ section to select operands and operators.
FAIL test allows you to monitor signals automatically.

9.1 Mathematical Functions

The MATH menu in the VERTICAL section includes ma-
thematical functions for the recorded signal types. The
mathematical functions track the changes of the included
signals and only apply to the visible area.of the screen. If a
signal is cut off at the edge of the screen may indicate that
the corresponding mathematical curve is also truncated.
The VOLTS/DIV knob can be used to scale an activated
mathematical curve.

Fig. 9.2: Quick Mathematics menu

9.1.2 Formula Editor (MA)

The formula editor menu of the R&S®HMO1202 series
(soft menu key MA) allows you to activate and deactivate
mathematical equations which are defined and displayed
within the selected formula set. The MENU key in the VER-
TICAL control panel opens a menu to select the formula
set and its corresponding formulas. The R&S®HMO Com-
pact series includes five mathematical formula sets. Each
Fig. 9.1: Example of a mathematical waveform of these formula sets contains five formulas which may be
edited with a formula editor to also define linked mathe-
The MATH menu includes the Quick Mathematics (QM) matical functions. These are labeled MA1 to MA5. You can
and formula sets (MA). Quick Mathematics is designed use the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU section to
for simple and quick calculations. The formula sets allow select the formula set. The formula set editor (soft menu
formular combinations. key EDIT FORMULARY) lists all existing equations which
may be edited. A blue bar indicates that an equation is
The R&S®HMO1002 series only supports the Qick Mathematics selected. It is important to distinguish between editing the
functionality (QM). display and editing the parameters. Use the universal knob
in the CURSOR/MENU section to select the respective
9.1.1 Quick Mathematics (QM) equation and activate by pressing the soft menu key VISI-
Pressing the MATH key in the VERTICAL section will acti- BLE. An activated, visible equation is marked by a filled-in
vate the math short menu. The lowest soft menu key ac- eye symbol in the formula editor and is listed in the short
tivates the Quick Mathematics (QM) or the formula editor menu. With the soft menu UNIT you can use the universal
(MA). In the QM short menu the configuration of the math knob in the CURSOR/MENU section to select the following
function can be selected with the soft menu key. Pressing units:

32
 Analysis

❙❙ V (Volt) ❙❙ Hz (Hertz) ❙❙ Square ❙❙ Integral

❙❙ A (Ampere) ❙❙ F (Farad) ❙❙ Root ❙❙ IIR Low Pass Filter
❙❙ Ω (Ohm) ❙❙ H (Henry) ❙❙ Amount ❙❙ IIR High Pass Filter
❙❙ V/A (Volt per Ampere) ❙❙ % (percent) ❙❙ Pos. Wave
❙❙ W (Watt) ❙❙ º (degree)
❙❙ VA (Volt Ampere) ❙❙ π (Pi) For each corresponding equation, the input channels CH1,
❙❙ VAr (reactive power) ❙❙ Pa (Pascal) CH2, CH3, CH4 and an adjustable constant are allowed as
❙❙ dB (decibel) ❙❙ m (meter) OPERAND (sources). For the formula MA2, MA1 is added
❙❙ m (Milli, 10 -3) ❙❙ g (Acceleration) as source, for MA3 the added source is MA2, for MA4 it is
❙❙ µ (Mikro, 10 -6) ❙❙ ºC (Degress Celsius) MA3 and finally for MA5 the added source is MA4. From
❙❙ n (Nano 10 -9) ❙❙ K (Kelvin) these five equations, you can create, save and retrieve a
❙❙ p (Piko, 10 -12) ❙❙ ºF (Degrees Fahrenheit) total of five different sets. New equations can be added
❙❙ f (Femto, 10 -15) ❙❙ N (Newton) by using the universal knob to select the menu item NEW
❙❙ a (Atto, 10 -18) ❙❙ J (Joule) in the formula set editor. Pressing the soft menu key ADD
❙❙ z (Zepto 10 -21) ❙❙ C (Coulomb) allows you to edit the new equation.
❙❙ y (Yokto, 10 -24) ❙❙ Wb (Weber)
❙❙ K (Kilo, 103) ❙❙ T (Tesla) Use the soft menu key EDIT CONSTANT and the universal
❙❙ M (Mega, 106) ❙❙ (dez) (decimal) knob in the CURSOR/MENU section to choose from the
❙❙ G (Giga, 109) ❙❙ (bin) (binary) following constants:
❙❙ T (Tera, 1012) ❙❙ (hex) (hexadecimal) ❙❙ Pi
❙❙ P (Peta, 1015) ❙❙ (oct) (octal) ❙❙ 2x Pi
❙❙ E (Exa, 1018) ❙❙ DIV (Division, division) ❙❙ 0,5 x Pi
❙❙ Z (Zetta 1021) ❙❙ px (pixel) ❙❙ User 1 to 10 (up to 10 customized constants are available)
❙❙ Y (Yotta, 1024) ❙❙ Bit (Bit)
❙❙ dBm (decibel milliwatt) ❙❙ Bd (Baud)
❙❙ dBV (decibel Volt) ❙❙ Sa (Sample)
❙❙ s (second)

Fig. 9.4: Entry of constants and units

For instance, if you select USER1 as constant, you can

press the soft menu key VALUE and use the universal knob
Fig. 9.3: Formula editor for formula sets in the CURSOR/MENU section to select a numeric value.
You can apply the same method to set a DECIMAL POINT
The selected equation unit will be applied to the channel and enter an additional SI prefix (soft menu key PREFIX).
description, cursor types and automatic measurement You may choose a UNIT from the same SI prefixes as
types. The equation name is listed in the formula set editor those that are available in the soft menu EDIT. Press SAVE
and is used as label in the curve window. The soft menu to store these settings as USER 1 and return to the menu
key DELETE removes the equation from the formula set. to edit the equation. You can store up to 10 of these custo-
An equation consists of an operator (mathematical func- mized constants. When saving a formula set, you may also
tion) and up to two operands. Use the universal knob in add a comment (soft menu key COMMENT). Press the key
the CURSOR/MENU section to choose the operators: SAVE to save this formula set with the determined name
and comment to the selected location. Stored formula sets
❙❙ Addition ❙❙ Neg. Wave may be reloaded at any time. Press the MATH key to acti-
❙❙ Subtraction ❙❙ Reciprocal vate the Mathematics menu and then press the MENU key
❙❙ Multiplication ❙❙ Inverted below the VOLTS/DIV key. This menu displays the menu
❙❙ Division ❙❙ Common logarithm item LOAD. This will start the file manager which will dis-
❙❙ Maximum ❙❙ Natural logarithm play the internal memory or the connected USB stick as
❙❙ Minimum ❙❙ Derivation possible storage location. Select the respective formula set

33
Analysis

file and press the key LOAD to load the file. It will be calcu-
lated, but will not be included in the display. You can also
choose a NAME with a maximum of 8 characters, load a
formula set (from the internal memory or from a USB stick)
or save a formula set (internally or on a USB stick). You can
use the universal knob to enter the name of your choice
and you can save it by using the ACCEPT key. The name
will now be displayed Instead of the generic labels MA1 to
MA5. You can specify the names for all equations separa-
tely. Once all equations, constants and names have been
entered, you may also choose a name for this formula set
by pressing the NAME key in the formula set menu and
entering the name of your choice.

9.1.3 Example for using the extended math

(R&S®HMO1202 series) Fig. 9.6: Definition of the power equation

Now, all definitions will be completed and the results can

be displayed and analysed. The math analysis can be per-
formed with cursor or automatic measurement functions.
All measurement results will be correctly shown and sca-
led with correct units: Ampere, Watt, Joule.

9.2 Frequency Analysis (FFT)

In general, the FFT in an oscilloscope works differently than
in a spectrum analyzer and is affected not only by the time
base setting, but also by the available number of used acqui-
red data points when calculating the FFT. The R&S®HMO1002
allows you to include up to 128k point in the FFT.

Fig. 9.5: Definition of the current equation The FFT is not suitable for the analysis of very slow signals (Hz-
range); this type of analysis requires a classic oscilloscope mode.
This example shows the analysis of an electrical energy
waveform. The voltage across the load is being measured The FFT menu in the ANALYZE section allows a quick Fou-
with differential probe and applied to channel 2. The cur- rier transformation which displays the frequency spectrum
rent is being measured with a current probe and applied to of the measured signal. The changed display allows you
channel 1. First, the conversion factor of the current probe to determine the most frequent frequencies in the signal
(100 mV/A) will be entered. The formula set 1 will be ope- and the corresponding amplitude. Once the FFT key was
ned and the equation MA1 will be defined. After pushing pressed, the screen will be divided into two graticules.
the soft menu key EDIT, the appropriate functions can be The upper left of the display shows information about the
selected using the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU settings in the time range, the area between the upper and
section. In this example, channel CH1 will be multiplied the lower window shows details about zoom and posi-
with a constant (0.1) and the unit A (Ampere) will be assig- tion, and the section below the large FFT display window
ned. This ensures the correct display of the scale factors as indicates the settings (Span and Center) in the frequency
well as the units for cursors and automatic measurements. range. The lower FFT display window will be outlined in
The equation MA1 can be named „CURRENT using the white when the FFT is activated. This means that the large
soft menu key LABEL. knob in the time range section is used to select the span.
The span is specified in the unit Hz (Hertz) and identifies
Afterwards, a new equation MA2 will be entered and ad- the width of the shown frequency range. The span posi-
justed. The result of the equation calculation „CURRENT“ tion can be determined by selecting the center value. You
and channel CH2 will be multiplied which will be yielded may use the horizontal encoder X Position for this purpose.
to a power curve. The equation MA2 can be named „PO- The shown frequency range ranges from (Center - Span/2)
WER“ using the soft menu key LABEL. At last, a 3rd equa- to (Center + Span/2).
tion MA3 will be added to the set of formulas which will
be defined as the integral of the equation „POWER“. The The minimum increment depends on the time base. The greater the
equation MA3 can be named „ENERGY“ using the soft time base, the smaller the span. Another important element for the
menu key LABEL. FFT is the setting “Max. Sampling Rate” in the ACQUIRE menu.

34
 Analysis

The soft menu key MODE allows you to choose from the is increased. This function is useful for a precise amplitude
following display types: measurement of a period signal, for instance.
❙❙ REFRESH:
This mode calculates and displays the FFT without HAMMING: The Hamming window function
additional evaluation or editing of the captured data. The is bell-shaped. In contrast to the Hanning and
new input data is captured, displayed and overwrites Blackman window function, it is not equal to
previously stored and displayed values. zero at the margin of the measurement interval. Therefore
❙❙ ENVELOPE: the height of the noise level in the spectrum is greater
In the Envelope mode, the maximum deflections of all than with the Hanning and Blackman window function but
spectra will be stored separately in addition to the current less than with the square wave window function. Howe-
spectrum and will be updated with each new spectrum. ver, the spectral lines not as wide as in other bell-shaped
These maximum values will be displayed with the input functions. This function is useful for a precise amplitude
data and create an envelope curve. The spectrum is measurement of a period signal, for instance.
located within the envelope limits. This forms an area or a
sleeve including all occurrences of FFT signal values. With BLACKMAN: The Blackman window function
each signal parameter change the envelope curve will be is bell-shaped and its waveform features the
reset. steepest fall-off among the available functions.
❙❙ AVERAGE: Is is zero at both ends of the measurement interval. The
This mode calculates the mean value from several Blackman window function allows you to measure the am-
spectra. It is applicable for noise reduction. The soft menu plitudes with high accuracy. However, it is more difficult
key #AVERAGES allows you to select the number of to determine the frequency due to the wide spectral lines.
spectra used to calculate the mean value by setting the This function is useful for a precise amplitude measure-
universal knob in the power of 2 from 2 to 512. ment of a period signal, for instance.

RECTANGLE: The rectangle function multiplies

all points by 1. This results in a high frequency
accuracy with narrow spectral lines and incre-
ased noise. This function can be used for pulse
response tests with start and end values of zero.

The menu item Y-SCALING allows you to scale the FFT in

the amplitude logarithmically (dBm / dBV) or linear (Veff).
The unit dBm (Decibel-Milliwatt) refers to 1 mW. The unit
dBV (Decibel-Volt) refers to 1 Veff. The displayed values
refer to a 50 Ohm terminating resistor. You can use an
external terminating resistor parallel to the high impedance
input.

You can deactivate the FFT function by pressing the soft

Fig. 9.7: FFT
menu key FFT OFF or pressing the FFT key on the control
The menu entry POINTS allows you to select the maxi- panel again.
mum number of capture points to be included in the
calculation by using the universal knob in the CURSOR/
MENU section. The possible settings are 2048, 4096, 9.3 Quick View
8192, 16384, 32768, 65536, 131072 points. The soft menu Pressing the QUICKVIEW key 10 in the ANALYZE section
WINDOWS allows you to improve the FFT display in case activates several basic automatic measurements. The
of irregularities at the margins of the measurement inter- QUICK VIEW function allows a quick overview of the typi-
val. Irregularities are calculated as a leap by a computing cal signal size. Measurement results are displayed at the
algorithm and interfere with the measurement result. In bottom of the screen and with a cursor on the signal.
the event of a bell-shaped window function, the margins
with lower values are multiplied and the impact is The following five measurement values are displayed di-
damped. The soft menu item WINDOW allows you to rectly in the signal:
choose from the following window functions: ❙❙ Maximum voltage (Vp+)
❙❙ Mean voltage (Mean)
HANNING: The Hanning window function is ❙❙ Minimum voltage (Vp-)
bell-shaped. In contrast to the Hamming win- ❙❙ Rise time (tr)
dow function, it is equal to zero at the margin of ❙❙ Fall time (tf)
the measurement interval. Therefore the noise level is re-
duced in the spectrum and the width of the spectral lines

35
Analysis

The following ten measurement values are displayed at the set the tolerance for the mask. The universal knob or the
bottom of the screen: KEYPAD button in the CURSOR/MENU section are used to
❙❙ RMS value Period enter values with a resolution of 1/100 division. A mask in-
❙❙ Peak to peak voltage Frequency cludes a minimum and a maximum value for each captured
❙❙ Amplitude Number of positive /slopes data value. The minimum and maximum value for a source
❙❙ Pos. pulse width Neg. pulse width curve with only one value per data are identical. The width
❙❙ Pos. duty ratio Neg. duty ratio indicates the distance between the peripheral points and
the original point. The greater the selected value is, the gre-
Pressing the AUTO MEASURE key allows you to change ater are the potential curve deviations in the amplitude. The
the six measurement parameters on the bottom right. You tolerance mask is displayed in white in the background. The
may undo these changes by choosing RESET or restore generated and edited mask can be used immediately for the
the default setting. Only one channel can be active in the test, however, it is only saved temporarily in the instrument
Quickview mode. All measurements will be performed on storage. The soft menu key SAVE can be used to store the
the active channel. mask permanently to a USB stick or to the internal memory.
Press the key MENU OFF to return to the start menu.
Pressing the QUICK VIEW key again switched off the
function. Press the soft menu key LOAD MASK to open a file browser
which allows you to load previously stored masks for the
9.4 PASS/FAIL Test based on Masks test (file extension .HMK). A loaded mask can be changed
The Pass/Fail test allows you to evaluate if a signal is loca- in the menu NEW MASK. Changes will be applied to the file
ted within defined limits. This limits are set by a so-called when the mask is edited and saved. Pressing the soft menu
mask. If the signal exceeds the mask, there is an error. key ACTIONS in the PASS/FAIL main menu opens a menu
These errors will be displayed together with successful with the available actions. The following four actions can be
sweeps and the total of all sweeps at the bottom of the performed:
screen. It is also possible to perform certain actions if er- ❙❙ Audio signal if the tolerance limits have been exceeded
rors are discovered. ❙❙ Stop for first-time failure (number is adjustable)
Press the UTIL key in the VERTICAL section and press the ❙❙ Pulse for first-time failure (emits a pulse at the AUX output
soft menu key PASS/FAIL on page 2|2 to activate the mode in case of failure)
which opens a menu to set and use the mask test. Prior to ❙❙ Screen dump for first-time failure on USB stick
starting the test by pressing the top soft menu key TEST ❙❙ Screen dump for first-time failure on printer
ON/OFF, it is necessary to generate or load a mask and to
select an action. To generate a new mask, press the soft An action is performed if the respective condition is met
menu key NEW MASK. Masks are displayed as light gray (e.g. a specific number of mask failures). Each action is as-
curves/waveforms on the screen. If a mask was copied or signed a unique condition which can be defined separately
loaded, you can use menu items to change the expansion from the other actions. The respective condition can be
of the signal form and consequently the limits for the test. defined in the menu for the corresponding action. Select
the respective action by pressing the appropriate soft menu
key; the corresponding soft menu item will be highlighted in
blue. Press the MENU OFF key to return to the main menu
and to start the mask test.

On the right below the display window you can view the to-
tal number and the total duration of the tests (in brackets) in
white. The number of successful tests and their percentage
(in brackets) are displayed in green, and the number of fai-
lures and their percentage (in brackets) are displayed in red.
If a test has been started, the previously unavailable soft
menu key PAUSE is now activated. Pressing the PAUSE key
will interrupt the test while the acquisition of signals and
the total duration are continued. If you press the PAUSE key
again, the test will be resumed and all event counters conti-
Fig. 9.8: PASS/FAIL mask test.
nue to be incremented. If you deactivate a test by pressing
the soft menu key Stop the event and time counters will be
In the menu that opens you can use the key COPY CHAN- stopped. If a new test is started by pressing the soft menu
NEL to copy the current signal into a mask memory. The key TEST activated (Run), all counters will be reset and re-
mask displays in white and appears as an overlay of the sume at zero.
output signal. The menu keys Y-POSITION and STRETCH
Y enable you to shift this curve vertically or to enlarge it. The PASS/FAIL mode is deactivated by pressing the soft
The two menu items WIDTH Y and WIDTH X allow you to menu key PASS/FAIL OFF.

36
 Analysis

9.5 Component Test

Fig. 9.9: HZ20 adapter connected to AUX OUT

The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series has a

built-in component tester. This can be activated by pushing
the UTIL button (VERTICAL section) with the soft menu
key COMP. TEST. The unit under test is connected via AUX
OUT connector and BNC/Banana adapter (e.g. HZ20). After Fig. 9.10: Component test example.
switch on the component tester mode, the Y preamplifiers
and the time base are disconnected. While using the com-
ponent tester, signals may be present at the inputs as long
Only discharged capacitors may be tested!
as the unit under test is not connected to any other circuit.
It is possible to test components remaining in their circuits,
but in such cases all signals must be disconnected from the With semiconductors the transition from the non-conduc-
front panel BNC connectors (see the following paragraph: ting to the conducting state will be indicated in their cha-
„Test in circuits“). The test principle is a generator within racteristic. As far as is possible with the available voltages
the R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series generates and currents the forward and backward characteristics are
a 50 Hz or 200 Hz (±10 %) sine wave which feeds the series displayed (e.g. with zener diodes up to 9 V). Because this is
connection of the test object and a sense resistor. If the test a two-pole measurement, the gain of a transistor can not
object has only a real part such as a resistor, both voltages be determined, however, the B-C, B-E, C-E diodes can be
will be in phase; the display will be a straight line, more or measured. With this exception the diodes can be measu-
less slanted. red without fear of destruction as the maximum voltage
If components are tested which are located in circuits or instru- is limited to 9 V and the current to a few mA. This implies,
ments, the circuits resp. instruments must be disconnected first! however, that a measurement of breakdown voltages > 9 V
If they are operated from the mains, the mains plug of the test is not possible. In general this is no dis-advantage because,
if there is a defect in a circuit, gross deviations are to be ex-
object has to be pulled out. This ensures that there will be no
pected which will point to the defective component. Rather
loops between the scope and the test object via the safety earth
exact results may be achieved if the measurements are
which might cause false results.
compared to those of intact components. This is especially
Is the test object short-circuited, the line will be vertical true for semiconductors. The polarity of diodes or transis-
(no voltage, current maximum). If the test object is open- tors can thus be identified if the lettering or marking is mis-
circuited or missing a horizontal line will appear (voltage, sing. Please note that with semiconductors changing the
but no current). The angle of the line with the horizontal is polarity will cause the display to rotate 180 degrees around
a measure of the resistance value, allowing for measu- the screen center. More important in practice is the quick
rements of resistors between Ω and kΩ. Capacitors and determination of plain shorts and opens which are the most
inductors cause phase shift between voltage and current common causes of requiring service.
and hence between the voltages. This will cause displays of
ellipses. The location and the form factor of the ellipse are It is highly recommended to observe the necessary precautions
determined by the apparent impedance at 50 Hz (resp. 200 when handling MOS components which can be destroyed by sta-
Hz). Capacitors can be measured between µF and mF. An tic charges and even tribo electricity.
ellipse with its longer axis horizontal indicates a high impe-
dance (small capacitance or large inductance). An ellipse 9.5.1 In-circuit tests
with its longer axis vertical indicates a low impedance (large They are possible in many cases but deliver rarely clear
capacitance or small inductance). An ellipse with its longer results. By paralleling of real or complex impedances – es-
axis slanted indicates a relatively large resistive loss in series pecially if those are fairly low impedance at 50 Hz/200 Hz
with the impedance of the capacitor or inductor. – there will be mostly great differences compared to

37
Analysis

digital voltmeter includes a 3-digit voltage display as 7-seg-

ment display with the use of the analog channels. Four freely
configurable measuring displays are possible where two
measurement value displays for channel 1 (CH1) and two
measurement value displays for channel 2 (CH2) are availa-
ble. For each channel, the measurement displays are divided
into in a primary measurement location (soft menu key Chan-
nel 1 / Channel 2) and a secondary measurement location
(soft menu key SECONDARY). The primary measurement
display will be shown in a large font, and the secondary mea-
surement display in a small font. All measurement displays
can be configured separately.
The following primary and secondary measurement displays
are available:
❙❙ OFF: Measurement display deactivated
❙❙ DC: Mean
❙❙ DC RMS: RMS
❙❙ AC RMS: Standard Deviation
❙❙ CREST FACTOR: Crest factor (|X|max/XRMS)
❙❙ PEAK PEAK: Maximum-Minimum
❙❙ PEAK +: Maximum
❙❙ PEAK -: Minimum

Use the soft menu key POSITION to change the display

position of the digital voltmeter on the screen. When the
XY mode is activated, the display position of the digital volt-
meter is predefined and cannot be modified. Use the soft
menu key VOLTMETER OFF to deactivate the digital voltme-
ter function and to close the menu.
Fig. 9.11: Excamples of Component test

individual components. If circuits of the same type have to

be tested often (service), comparisons with intact circuits
may help again. This is also quickly done because the intact
circuit has not to be functional, also it should not be ener-
gized. Just probe the various test points with the cables of
the component tester of the unit under test and the intact
unit and compare the screen displays. Sometimes the unit
under test may already contain an intact portion of the
same type, this ist e.g. the case with stereo circuits, push-
pull circuits or symmetrical bridge circuits. In cases of doubt
one side of the dubious component can be unsoldered.

9.6 Digital Voltmeter Fig. 9.12: Digital Voltmeter.

The digital voltmeter completely captures input data with
the selected vertical sensitivity and the basic accuracy of
the ADC. The digital voltmeter is independent from the
capture settings and the post processing of the transfor-
mer values. Determine the values by means of the measu-
rement interval to ensure the defined frequency range of
20 Hz to 100 kHz. The measurement interval of the digital
voltmeter is not corresponding to the acquisition time
interval. Therefore, the measurement values of the digital
voltmeter can not be the same like the measurement va-
lues of the AUTO MEASURE values.

The analysis function DIG. VOLTMETER can be activated by

using the UTIL menu in the VERTICAL control panel. The

38
 Signal Generation

10 Signal
10.2.1 Square Wave
Use the soft menu SQUARE WAVE to perform a manual
probe compensation without compensation wizard. The

Generation square wave function uses a 100-sample wide pattern (100

conditions). Additionally, you can change the polarity and
the duty cycle (1% to 99%).

10.1 Function Generator 10.2.2 Counter Pin Frequency

The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series includes A 4 bit wide counter pattern is is- S0 f/2
an integrated function generator which can generate input sued. The user can determine the S1 f/4
signals while testing circuits, for instance. To activate the counting direction (soft menu key S2 f/8
function generator, select the UTIL menu in the VERTICAL DIRECTION) and the frequency (soft S3 f/16
control panel, and then press the soft menu key FUNC- menu key FREQUENCY). The user
Tab. 10.2: Counter
TION GEN. The following waveforms can be generated frequency always refers to the swit-
and made available at the AUX OUT connector: ching of the pattern condition. This
❙❙ DC results in square waveforms for individual pins, as descri-
❙❙ SINE: Frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 50 kHz bed in Tab. 10.2.
❙❙ SQUARE WAVE: Frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 50 kHz
❙❙ PULSE: Frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 10 kHz 10.2.3 Arbitrary
❙❙ TRIANGLE: Frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 10 kHz The user can define a 4 bit wide and a 2048 sample deep
❙❙ RAMP: Frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 10 kHz pattern via soft menu ARBITRARY. The created patterns
can be stored or recalled. If the arbitrary function is activa-
Use the soft menu key FREQUENCY to select the signal ted, the predefined pattern, which may have been gene-
frequency, and use the soft menu key AMPLITUDE to se- rated automatically, will be retained. This means that a SPI
lect the signal amplitude via universal knob or numerically pattern can be analyzed and adapted as necessary.
via KEYPAD key in the CURSOR/MENU control panel. You .
also have the option to select a DC offset (soft menu key
OFFSET). An information box shows a preview of the res-
pective signal form with the selected parameters.
Use the soft menu key OFF to deactivate the function ge-
nerator and to close the menu.

10.2 Pattern Generator

The pattern generator includes the output of parallel
patterns on the four pins S0 to S3 on the front panel of
the instrument. It is based on a 2048 bit wide memory
(Samples) which can be issued cyclically / individually. All
sub functions of the PATTERN GENERATOR are based on
this memory. It is not possible to issue multiple functions
simultaneously. An information box shows which pins to
use. The pattern generator menu (pattern generator) inclu- Fig. 10.1: Arbitrary menu
des various options. Use the UTIL menu in the VERTICAL
control panel and press the soft menu key PATTERN GEN. The following settings options are available:
to open it. ❙❙ PATTERN SETUP:
Use the soft menu key PATTERN LENGTH to determine
Function Setting options the pattern depth. Use the INDEX and the universal knob
Square wave Frequency / Period, Polarity, Duty Cycle or the KEYPAD key in the CURSOR/MENU control panel
Counter Frequency, counting direction to select individuail samples. The selected sample will be
Arbitrary Timing, pattern input shown in the information box as a light blue line. To select
Manual Manual switching of the 4 individual
a sample, also use the universal knob or the KEYPAD key.
connectors The pattern flow for all 4 bits will be shown in the
UART Polarity, setting the bit rate window. Around the index, ±8 bits will be displayed. Use
SPI / I2C / CAN / LIN Setting the bit rate the soft menu key VALUE to change the value of the
selected sample. Use the soft menu key DRAW to draw
Tab. 10.1: Settings options for the pattern-generator
large sample amounts with the same value. The VALUE
setting remains unchanged and is applied to all selected
indices. If the pattern is deleted (soft menu key DELETE
ALL), its length will be reset to 1. All connectors will be
set to ‚0‘.

39
Signal Generation

10.2.4 Manual
In the manual pattern mode, the modes of the individual
pins S0 to S3 are wired separately. Each pin is assigned
to a specific soft menu key and the condition HIGH (H) or
LOW (L) is selected.

10.2.5 BUS Signal Source

Use the pattern generator connectors on the front panel of
the instrument to generate the following BUS signals (for
measurements without measurement object), depending
on the setting:
❙❙ SPI: Data rate 100 kBit/s, 250 kBit/s or 1 MBit/s
❙❙ I2C: Data rate 100 kBit/s, 400 kBit/s, 1 MBit/s or 3.4 MBit/s
❙❙ UART: Data rate 9600 Bit/s, 115.2 kBit/s and 1 MBit/s
❙❙ CAN: up to 50 MBit/s
Fig. 10.2: Arbitrary pattern setup ❙❙ LIN: up to 50 MBit/s

❙❙ TIMING SETUP: The signals of the BUS signal source are pseudo random pattern
Use the soft menu key BIT TIME to set the time at which and are not adaptable. Only the BUS type and the data rate can
you would like each sample to be applied. The time is be selected.
identical for all samples. The configurable PERIOD applies
to the entire pattern and is calculated by its length The contact at the upper left is always ground and the
multiplied by its bit time (time of a sample). If the BURST signal levels are about 1 V. The following table shows how
function is activated (ON), the instrument will pause after the four outputs S1, S2, S3 and are used, depending on
each issued pattern for the duration of the IDLE TIME. the signal.
Only then will the pattern be issued again. Setting the
N-CYCLE option enables the user to issue the pattern Signal S1 S2 S3 S0/
precisely <n> times. The sample time can be set from SPI Clock MOSI MISO Chip Select
20 ns to 42 s in increments of 10 ns. It will be implemented I 2C Data SDA no signal no signal Clock SCL
by means of a 32 bit counter. The IDLE TIME between the UART RX no signal no signal TX
patterns can be set from 20 ns to 42 s in increments of CAN CAN L no signal no signal CAN H
10 ns. It will also be implemented by means of a 32 bit LIN Low no signal no signal High
counter. Use the universal knob or the KEYPAD key in the
Tab. 10.3: Pin assignment of the BUS signal source
CURSOR/MENU control panel to enter the values.
❙❙ SAVE/RECALL: An information box is displayed for each operating mode,
The manually created pattern can be saved or recalled via displaying the corresponding connector assignment. By
soft menu SAVE or RECALL. The pattern can be stored pressing the respective soft menu key, you can open a
internally or externally on a connected USB stick. The submenu with the bit rate setting of the selected operating
pattern and the time settings will be saved. mode.
❙❙ ARB. TRIGGER:
The soft menu key ARB. TRIGGER makes three possible In the SAVE/RECALL menu you can load via soft menu
trigger functions available. The CONT. option (continuous DEVICE SETTINGS and the soft menu key LOAD prede-
trigger) issues the pattern continuously. If the BURST fined SPI/SSPI, I2C, UART, CAN and LIN BUS signal source
function is activated, only the IDLE TIME is applied configuration files from internal memory.
between the patterns. The N-CYCLE setting is voided by
the continuous output. For the EXT. (external trigger)
setting, the pattern is issued by an edge at the external
input of the oscilloscope (TRIG. EXT.). If the BURST
function is activated, the pattern will be issued <n>
times (see N-CYCLE). In addition, you are able to
determine the direction of the triggering edge. If BOTH is
selected as slope direction, both edges are of equal
value. The first edge triggers the pattern. The edges do
not alternate. If the MAN. setting is activated, the pattern
is issued manually by pressing the respective key. If the
BURST function is activated, IDLE TIME and N-CYCLE
apply.

40
 Documentation, Storage and Recall

11 Documentation,
Storage and Recall
The oscilloscope allows all screen displays that store user
settings (e.g. trigger condition and time base setting),
reference curves and curves. An internal memory
integrated with the instrument is available for reference
curves and instrument settings. Screenshots and curve
data can also be stored on a connected USB stick.
The USB stick should not exceed 4 GB and must be FAT format-
ted (FAT16/32). It should be avoided to store a large number of Fig. 11.2: Storing instrument settings
files on the USB stick.
pressing the soft menu key LOAD. To remove files that are
You can access the main menu to store and load func- no longer required you can use the universal knob to se-
tions by pressing the SAVE/RECALL key in the GENERAL lect the respective settings file and remove it by pressing
section. the soft menu key REMOVE FILE. If a USB stick is connec-
ted, you can also change and delete directories. Use the
11.1 Device Settings soft menu key SORT ENTRIES to sort several settings files
The soft menu DEVICE SETTINGS allows you to save by name, type, size or date.
current instrument settings load saved settings and import
To import or export instrument settings, you must have a USB
or export instrument settings.
stick connected, otherwise the menu cannot be selected.

The soft menu IMPORT/EXPORT allows you to copy a file

from an internal memory to an external storage medium
(USB stick) or vice versa. Source (SOURCE FILE) and tar-
get (DEST. PATH) must be selected for copying. Use the
universal knob to select a storage location which will open
a file manager. Pressing the IMPORT/EXPORT key by de-
fault will copy the selected settings file.

The menu item DEFAULT SETT. also allows you to load the
factory default settings.

11.2 References
References are data sets which consist of settings infor-
Fig. 11.1: Basic menu for instrument settings mation and A/D converter data. These may be stored and
reloaded internally or externally. Data can be reloaded
Press the soft menu key SAVE to open the Save menu. into one of the 4 reference memories (RE1 to RE4) which
You can use the soft menu key STORAGE to select a pos- can also be displayed. The main feature of references is
sible location (internal memory or front USB connection) the fact that all information (e.g. vertical gain, time base
where you would like to save the instrument settings. setting, A/D converter data) is included when saving or re-
Pressing this key opens the file manager. The FILE NAME loading, enabling a comparison between the original signal
can be changed or adjusted to the corresponding setting and its corresponding values.
(SET is the default label). You can use the soft menu key
COMMENT to enter a comment which will be displayed in The soft menu REFERENCES only allows you to import
the file manager footer once a file has been selected. The or export references (IMPORT/EXPORT). The transfer of
option SAVE allows you to store the settings. To reload references to other R&S®HMO instruments is possible. The
stored preference files, press the respective soft menu key standard menu for the file manager opens which allows
to open the soft menu LOAD. This opens the file manager you to copy references between the internal memory and
where you can use the universal knob to select the res- the external USB stick. The top soft menu SOURCE allows
pective file. Once the storage location and the respective you to use the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU sec-
settings file has been selected, you can load the file by tion to select the source for the reference to be saved. You
can select from the activated channels and mathematical
Device settings of an older firmware version in SCP format can be curves. Open the menu to store and load by pressing the
loaded with a newer firmware version. REF key in the VERTICAL section of the control panel.

41
Documentation, Storage and Recall

With the soft menu key RE1 to RE4 up to 4 references The soft menu TRACES allows you to use the universal
can be activated. The top soft menu SOURCE allows knob in the CURSOR/MENU section to select a channel
you to use the universal knob to select the source for the which will be saved as a curve. You may only select chan-
reference to be saved. You can select from the activated nels that have been activated via channel keys. You can
channels and mathematical curves. Press the soft menu also save all visible channels simultaneously.
key DISPLAY to display the selected reference curve or to
Saving of all visible channels is only possible with the CSV format
update the current reference curve.
and can not be changed.
The soft menu key FILE NAME opens the menu for the
name entry, where you can use the universal knob or the
KEYPAD key in the CURSOR/MENU section to enter a
name and confirm your entry by pressing ACCEPT (TRC is
the default name). The curve main menu will display auto-
matically. You can open a selection window by pressing
the soft menu key FORMAT to determine the file format.
The universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU section allows
you to select the desired format. You can choose from the
following formats:
❙❙ BIN (MSB/LSB):
A binary file may contain any type of Byte value. The
captured curve data will be stored without any time
information.
Fig. 11.3: Storage menu for references ❙❙ FLT (MSB/LSB):
A FLT file contains the captured data as voltage values.
To load a reference from a USB stick or the internal me- Compared to a FLT file, the captured amount of data for a
mory, open the soft menu LOAD. This shows a window CSV file is 16 times greater. The voltage values are stored
displaying the internally stored references. You can select in the Float format (4 Byte Float, binary, Big Endian). This
the desired target reference curve in the top menu item file can be reused in programs written by users, for
and by pressing LOAD in the file manager. To complete instance.
loading and displaying the reference, press LOAD in the ❙❙ CSV (Comma Separated Values):
file manager menu again. To save a reference, press the In CSV files, curve data is stored in table format. Each
SAVE key, determine the source, storage location, file table row is separated by a comma.
name and curve, and press the soft menu key SAVE (with
the disk icon). The FILE NAME can be changed or adjusted Example: Trace with all visible channels
to the corresponding setting (REF ist the default label). You [s],CH1[V],CH2[V]
can use the soft menu key COMMENT to enter a comment -4.99500E-07,-2.601E-03
which will be displayed in the file manager footer once a -4.99000E-07,-6.012E-04
file has been selected. -4.98500E-07,-6.012E-04
-4.98000E-07,1.399E-03

11.3 Traces If you choose the “Max. Sampling Rate” in the ACQUIRE menu,
In addition to references, you can also store A/D converter two rows will be affixed with a time stamp during the CSV export
data. Traces can only be stored to externally connected because a minimum and a maximum value must be assigned to
USB sticks (not internally). Depending on the selected time this time value. To acquire an amplitude value per time stamp,
base and sample rate in the ACQUIRE menu (AUTOMATIC, activate “Automatic” in the ACQUIRE menu.
MAX. SAMPLE RATE or MAX. WAVEFORM RATE) the
maximum read-out measurement points varies.. ❙❙ TXT:
TXT files are ASCII files that only contain amplitude
The full memory can only be read out in STOP mode with the
values (no time values). Amplitude values are separated
maximum sampling rate setting (ACQUIRE menu).
by a comma. The value pairs are listed as single values
In the soft menu STORAGE the USB connection on the without identification.
front of the instrument is selected as storage location.
Selecting the respective storage location is possible when Example:
a USB stick has been recognized. If a USB stick is connec- 1.000E-02,1.000E-02,1.000E-02,1.000E-02,3.000E-02
ted, you can also change, create or delete directories. Use
the soft menu key SORT ENTRIES to sort several settings You can use the universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU
files by name, type, size or date. Press ACCEPT DIR. to section to select in the soft menu POINTS whether to read
confirm the target directory and you will automatically re- out the display memory or the entire acquisition memory.
turn to the curve main menu. You can use the soft menu key COMMENT to enter a

42
 Documentation, Storage and Recall

❙❙ INVERT (HG):
If INVERT (HG) is activated, waveworm is stored in color
with an inverted background.
❙❙ INVERT (BG, GRAY):
If INVERT (BG, GRAY) is activated, the waveform is stored
in gray with an inverted background.
❙❙ INVERT (ALL):
If INVERT (ALL) is activated, the waveform and
background are stored inverted.
❙❙ INVERT (ALL, GRAY):
If INVERT (ALL, GRAY) is activated, the waveform and
background are stored in gray.

If you press the key SAVE, the current screen will be saved
immediately to the selected storage location with the se-
Fig. 11.4: Trace storage menu lected name and format.

comment which will be displayed in the file manager footer 11.4.1 Printer
once a file has been selected. After you made all entries, The soft menu key PRINT allows you to print a screenshot
press the menu key STORE to save the selected curve(s) immediately to a connected printer. PCL-5, PCL-XL (=
according to the settings. PCL-6) and Postscript settings are supported as „printer
language“ (PCL-3 is not supported). If a printer is de-
11.4 Screenshots tected, the soft menu key PRINT will no longer be grayed
The most important format to store information for docu- out.
mentation purposes is the screenshot. A screenshot is an
image file which shows the current screen content at the
time that storage takes place. The soft menu STORAGE
only allows you to use the USB connection on the front as
storage location. Selecting the respective storage location
is possible when a USB stick has been recognized. If a Fig. 11.5: Supported printer example
USB stick is connected, you can also change, create or
delete directories. Use the soft menu key SORT ENTRIES The supported printer will be displayed in the soft menu
to sort several settings files by name, type, size or date. DEVICE INFOS. The message „This printer is suppor-
Press ACCEPT DIR. to confirm the target directory and you ted“ does not guaranteed the the connected printer will
will automatically return to the screenshot main menu. be supported. This message only means that the USB
The soft menu key FILE NAME opens the menu for the printer connection was successful and the important
name entry where you can use the universal knob or the printer properties are available.(e.g. printer language PCL
KEYPAD key in the CURSOR/MENU section to enter a or PCL-XL). Connected PLC printers send an identification
name and confirm your entry by pressing ACCEPT (SCR is string to the instrument. This identification string should
the default name). The screenshot main menu will display be for all printers the same (standard), but there are many
automatically. The file format of a graphics file determines printers on the market, which have another identification
the color depth and the type of compression. The quality string. In this case, the instrument is not able to detect
of the various formats is identical for the oscilloscope gra- the printer because the instrument does not have a Win-
phics. You can choose from the following file formats in dows system internally to handle the identification string
the soft menu FORMAT: deviation.
❙❙ BMP = Windows Bitmap Format
❙❙ GIF = Graphics Interchange Format Press the RUN/STOP key to stop acquisition prior to printing
❙❙ PNG = Portable Network Graphic which will allow a correct printout.

With the soft menu key COLOR MODE and the universal If a printer connection is not possible, you have the pos-
knob in the CURSOR/MENU section you can choose from sibillity to use the HMExplorer software with the screen-
the following color modes: shot software module. The free software HMScreenshot
❙❙ GRAYSCALE: (software module of the HMExplorer software) enables the
If GRAYSCALE is selected, the colors are converted to transfer of screenshots in bitmap format from the device
gray scales when the waveform is stored via interface to a connected PC where the screenshots
❙❙ COLOR: may then be saved or printed. For additional information
If COLOR is selected, the waveform is stored as it displays on the software, refer to the internal HMExplorer software
in the screen, manual.

43
Documentation, Storage and Recall

12 Mixed-Signal
Operation
As a standard, the R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202
series is equipped with the connectors for the
R&S®HO3508 logic probe to add 8 digital logic inputs. All
software required for the mixed signal operation is already
included in the firmware of the R&S®HMO1002 resp.
R&S®HMO1202 series. It is only necessary to purchase and
connect the active R&S®HO3508 logic probe (8 channels).
If you activate the POD on R&S®HMO1002 series, analog
Fig. 11.6: Screenshot module channel 2 will be deactivated automatically. This only al-
lows the configuration of 1 analog channel + 8 logic chan-
11.5 FILE/PRINT Key Definition nels on the screen simultaneously. The R&S®HMO1202
The FILE/PRINT key in the GENERAL section allows you series allows the configuration of 2 analog channels + 8
to save instrument settings, curves, screenshots and logic channels on the screen simultaneously.
screenshot settings simultaneously with just one key. As
described in previous chapters, you must first select the
corresponding settings for storage location, name etc.
The soft menu key FILE/PRINT in the SAVE/RECALL main
menu opens the setup menu for the FILE/PRINT key. You
may choose from the following actions:
❙❙ DEVICE SETTINGS: Stores settings
❙❙ TRACES: Stores curves
❙❙ SCREENSHOTS: Stores screenshots
❙❙ SCREEN & SETUP: Stores screenshots and settings
❙❙ PRINT: Prints directly to a compatible printer (Postscript,
some PCL and PCLX capable printer)

If you press the respective soft menu key to activate the

required operation, the corresponding menu will be dis-
played with a blue background. Press the MENU OFF key
to quit the selection menu. If you press the FILE/PRINT
key, the selected function will be performed. Fig. 12.1: Optional logic probe R&S®HO3508

12.1 Logic Trigger for Digital Input

Please find an additional description of the logic trigger for the

inputs of the logic probe in chapter 6.3.3.

12.2 Display Functions for the Logic Channels

You must always set the level to distinguish between the logic
states (High/Low) in the VERTICAL MENU..

To switch on the digital channels, press the POD key in the

VERTICAL section. The digital channels 0 to 7 will now dis-
Fig. 11.7: Definition of FILE/PRINT key
play on the screen. For the logic channels, a logic „1“ will
be indicated by a bar that is two pixels wide, and a logic
„0“ will be indicated by a bar that is one pixel wide. The
set logic level and a figure which shows the logical states
will be shown next to the name POD in the information
field in the bottom left of the display.

44
 Mixed-Signal Operation

You may now choose the Y position and the size of the lo- of data and clock signals. The universal knob allows you to
gic channel display just as you would for the analog chan- select the BUS type PARALLEL or PARALLEL CLOCKED.
nels. Use the knobs Y-POSITION 18 and VOLTS/DIV 20 to Select CONFIGURATION to determine the bus source
select the settings (if the soft menu key “0/7“ is selected, and structure. The contents of the menu change with the
indicated by a blue background). If you wish to display selected BUS type. After pressing the top soft menu key
fewer than 8 logic channels or change the position and BUS WIDTH, you can use the universal knob to select
size of a particular logic channel, you can use the short a bus width from 1-8 bits. The table displaying the bit
menu in combination with the soft menu keys (channel 0 assignments will be adjusted dynamically depending on
to 7) and the buttons Y-POSITION  18 and VOLTS/DIV 20 to your choice. Each bit of the displayed bus has a source.
select the respective settings. You can choose a channel The source refers to the individual POD bits. Based on the
by pressing the and soft menu keys. This allows you to measurement setup, the sources can be assigned via soft
resize and position specific channels individually. menu key SOURCE and the universal knob in the CUR-
SOR/MENU section.
You can reset the position and size of the individual logic
channels on page 2|2 of the POD menu. You also have the The soft menu keys PREVIOUS/NEXT BIT allow you to
option to label the individual bits of the logic channel by move the position of the selection bar for the source of the
using the soft menu NAME. This name will be displayed individual bits. The selected bit is highlighted in blue. The
on the grid and the printout. Your first option is to switch left side of the table contains the bits in fixed sequence,
the display on (ON) or off (OFF). The next option includes beginning at the top with D0 (= LSB). The universal knob
the menu item LIBRARY. After selecting this option, you allows you to assign a real logic channel to the selected
can use the universal knob to choose a name from several BUS bit. The allocation is not subject to restrictions; you
suggestions. The EDIT LABEL key allows you to enter can also use partially identical logic channels in the two
a completely new name or to customize the suggested possible buses. If you select PARALLEL CLOCKED as
name. You may enter up to 8 characters. Use the ACCEPT BUS TYPE, you can also use the bottom soft menu key
key to confirm the name in the editor. It will then be shown CONTROL WIRES to select sources for CHIP SELECT, and
in the display. The name is assigned to that specific signal you can use the universal knob to select the settings for
and will move alongside any set offset value. CLOCK. The soft menu key ACTIVE is used to determine if
the chip select signal High or Low Active is selected.
The soft menu key SLOPE allows you to toggle between ri-
sing, falling and both slopes. The active selection is always
highlighted in blue and is listed after the label CLK in the
bit source window. Press the MENU OFF button to return
to the BUS main menu.

The soft menu DISPLAY SETUP opens a menu to select

the display format and its extent. The universal knob in the
submenu allows you to choose the format to decode the
bus values. You can choose from the following formats:
❙❙ Binary
❙❙ Hexadecimal
❙❙ Decimal
❙❙ ASCII

Fig. 12.2: 8 Bit DAC signal change

The decoded values will be shown in the cells/tables of
the buses according to the selected format. The next soft
12.3 Display of Logic Channels as BUS menu key BITS can also be used to activate (ON) or deacti-
You also have the option to combine digital channels to vate (OFF) the table display for the individual bus bits. You
form buses which will then be displayed on the screen can use the POSITION control knob to determine the posi-
as a cell in a table. Basically, two independent buses are tion of the bus display on the screen. The VOLT/DIV knob
possible. For instance, it would be possible to combine an allows you to determine the size of the table display. This
8 bit address bus and an 8 bit data bus. To select the set- may be particularly useful for the binary display as it allows
tings for the buses, press the BUS button in he VERTICAL the display of the complete value in up to 4 rows even for
section. Then press the MENU button in the VERTICAL short tables.
section. In the menu that opens you can press the top soft
menu key BUS to select which BUS you want to define, 12.4 Cursor Measurements for Logic Channels
B1 or B2. You can use the soft menu key BUS TYPE to If the logic channels are activated, you may select several
choose the BUS type for the display and the analysis. The parameters via cursor measurements (CURSOR MEASURE
BUS type determines the bus structure and is organized button). For all activated logic channels of a POD, you can
differently depending on serial vs. parallel or the number choose from the following measurement types:

45
Mixed-Signal Operation

13 Serial
❙❙ TIME:
The display will include the time position of both cursors
relative to the trigger time, the time difference between
the two positions and the resulting frequency.
❙❙ RATIO X:
In this measurement type, three cursors are used to
Bus Analysis
display a time ratio between the first two cursors plus the
first and third cursor. The results are shown in floating 13.1 Software options (license key)
point format, in percent, in degrees and in radians. The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series can be
❙❙ V-MARKER: upgraded with options / voucher to trigger and decode
For the logic channels, the logic value of the selected POD serial buses.
will be measured at the respective cursor and shown in
hexadecimal and decimal format. ❙❙ R&S®HOO10 / R&S®HV110:
The option R&S®HOO10 resp. the voucher R&S®HV110
can be used to trigger and decode I2C, SPI and UART/
12.5 Automatic Measurements for Logic Channels RS-232 buses on the digital channels (option logic probe
If the logic channels are activated, you can use the auto- R&S®HO3508 needed) and on the analog inputs. This
matic measurement functions to determine several para- option allows the decoding of two serial buses
meters. For all activated logic channels of a POD, you can simultaneously.
choose from the measurement types: ❙❙ R&S®HOO11 / R&S®HV111:
❙❙ FREQUENCY The option R&S®HOO11 resp. the voucher R&S®HV111 can
❙❙ PERIOD be used to trigger and decode I2C, SPI and UART/RS-232
❙❙ PULSE WIDTH +/– buses on analog inputs only and it only allows the
❙❙ DUTY CYCLE+/– decoding of one serial bus at a time.
❙❙ DELAY ❙❙ R&S®HOO12 / R&S®HV112:
❙❙ PHASE The option R&S®HOO12 resp. the voucher R&S®HV112
❙❙ BURST WIDTH can be used to trigger and decode CAN and LIN buses on
❙❙ COUNT PULSE +/– the digital channels (option logic probe R&S®HO3508
❙❙ COUNT (pos./neg.) needed) and on the analog inputs. This option allows the
decoding of two serial buses simultaneously.

The options R&S®HOO10, R&S®HOO11 and R&S®HOO12

can be ordered in combination with a R&S®HMO1002 ex
factory. The upgrade voucher R&S®HV110, R&S®HV111
and R&S®HV112 can be activated by a software license key
(please refer to chapter 2.7).

The analysis of parallel and serial data consists of the fol-

lowing three basic steps:
❙❙ Protocol configuration (BUS type / protocol-specific
settings)
❙❙ Decoding (Display of decoded data / Zoom / BUS table)
❙❙ Trigger (Start / Stop / serial samples)

The serial bus analysis is performed with 1/8 of the sampling

rate.

13.2 Serial Bus Configuration

Prior to the BUS configuration it is necessary to set the correct

logic level (threshold). Please refer to chapter 4.5. The default
setting is 500 mV.

It is necessary to define a BUS before you can determine

the settings for the serial trigger and decoding functions. A
maximum of two buses, B1 and B2, may be defined. Press
the BUS button in the VERTICAL section. This will open
a short menu where you can press the bottom soft menu
key B1 or B2. Additionally you can use the MENU button in
the VERTICAL section and the top soft menu key to define

46
 Serial Bus Analysis

the respective BUS (B1 or B2). key BUS TABLE allows you to activate or deactivate the list
Depending on the installed option use the soft menu key view (blue highlighted). By default, the table is displayed at
BUS TYPE to choose from the following BUS types: the bottom of the screen. Generally, a complete message
❙❙ PARALLEL (Standard) of a protocol is displayed in a row. The columns include
❙❙ PARALLEL CLOCKED (Standard) important information, e.g. address and date of the mes-
❙❙ SSPI (only available with R&S®HOO10/HV110/HOO11/HV111) sage. The number of rows in the table is identical to the
❙❙ SPI (only available with R&S®HOO10/HV110/HOO11/HV111) number of complete message frames in storage. The de-
❙❙ I2C (only available with R&S®HOO10/HV110/HOO11/HV111) coding results may be saved as CSV file by using the soft
❙❙ UART (only available with R&S®HOO10/HV110/HOO11/HV111) menu key SAVE (e.g. save to a USB stick).
❙❙ CAN (only available with R&S®HOO12/HV112)
❙❙ LIN (only available with R&S®HOO12/HV112)

Fig. 13.2: Example I2C BUS with BUS table

Make sure that a complete message of a serial protocol is always

Fig. 13.1: Menu for the definition of buses displayed on the screen to ensure decoding can function properly.
The Zoom function allows you to view details for any specific
The soft menu key CONFIGURATION allows you to invoke message.
a menu corresponding to the selected bus type. A menu
description can be found in the chapters of the respective Example of a I2C BUS table:
BUS configuration. The soft menu DISPLAY SETUP is iden- “Bus table: BUS1 (I2C: Clock SCL = D0, Dates SDA = D1)“
tical for all buses and allows you to select the decoding Frame,Mark,Start time[s],Type,ID,Length,Date,Condition
format. You may choose from the following formats: 1,,-197.89200e-6,Read,0x2D,5,0xF110E55D31,OK
❙❙ Binary 2,,28.00000e-9,Write,0x42,8,0xEB8DC599AE5D6FC0,OK
❙❙ Hexadecimal 3,,217.74000e-6,Write,0x3B,6,0xA113B7263E5B,OK
❙❙ Decimal 4,,376.07200e-6,Read,0x0E,6,0x55C3EB71D9E8,OK
❙❙ ASCII 5,,613.58000e-6,Write,0x66,8,0x91B86EE6655E2300,Data Error

Use the soft menu key BITS to activate or deactivate the A BUS table can only be stored if the STOP mode is active.
display of individual bit lines (above the table display). The
last entry NAME in the VERTICAL menu opens a submenu The soft menu key TRACK FRAME allows you to scroll
which allows you to enter a BUS name. This name will be through the BUS table and simultaneously jump to the
displayed on the grid and the printout. Your first option is corresponding position in the memory via universal knob
to switch the display on (ON) or off (OFF). The next option to display details on the screen. However, this is only pos-
includes the menu item LIBRARY. After selecting this sible if acquisition has been stopped. This option is also
option, you can use the universal knob to choose a name available in the short menu BUS via soft menu key TRK
from several suggestions. The EDIT LABEL key allows (= Track). If you activate the soft menu key FRAME TIME
you to enter a completely new name or to customize the DIFFERENCE (highlighted in blue), the time difference to
suggested name. You may enter up to 8 characters. Use the previous frame (data packet) will be displayed in the
the ACCEPT key to confirm the name in the editor. It will BUS table. This column will be labeled in the table as TIME
then be shown in the display. The name is assigned to that DIFF. If this function is deactivated, the absolute time in
specific signal. relation to the trigger point will be displayed in the column
START TIME. The soft menu key TAB in the BUS short
13.2.1 BUS Table menu allows you to activate or deactivate the BUS table
The soft menu BUS TABLE allows you to configure / ex- without opening a menu. You can use the soft menu item
port a list of all decoded messages in storage. The table POSITION to move the table to the top or bottom of the
content is protocol specific and the table display can be screen. In addition, it is possible to display the BUS table
activated for each individual BUS type. The top soft menu in full screen. Select the position via universal knob in the

47
Serial Bus Analysis

BUS menu or directly via soft menu key POS in the BUS The I2C BUS is a two-wire bus which was developed by
short menu. Philips (today known as NXP Semiconductor). A I2C BUS
has the following properties:
13.3 Parallel / Parallel Clocked BUS ❙❙ Two wire bus (2-wire): Clock (SCL) and data (SDA)
The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series has a ❙❙ Master-Slave Communication: the master provides the
PARALLEL and PARALLEL CLOCKED BUS function ins- clock pulse and selects the slave
talled ex factory and is able to analyze up to 7 bit lines. The ❙❙ Addressing: Each slave can be addressed via unique
soft menu key BUS WIDTH and the universal knob allow address; multiple slaves can be linked with each other and
you to select the number of bit lines. The soft menu keys can be addressed by the same master
PREVIOUS/NEXT BIT allow you to move the position of ❙❙ Read/Write bit: Master reads data (=1) or writes data (=0)
the selection bar for the source of the individual bits. The ❙❙ Acknowledge: issued after each byte
selected bit is highlighted in blue. The left side of the table
contains the bits in fixed sequence, beginning at the top
with D0 (= LSB). The universal knob allows you to assign a
real logic channel to the selected BUS bit. The allocation is
not subject to restrictions; you can also use partially identi-
cal logic channels in the two possible buses.

Fig. 13.4: I2C 7-Bit-Adress

The format of a simple I2C message (frame) with an

address length of 7 bit is structured as follows:
❙❙ Start condition: Falling slope on SDA (Serial Data), while
SCL (Serial Clock) is HIGH
❙❙ 7 bit address (write or read slave)
❙❙ Read/Write bit (R/W): Indicates, if the data is to be
written or read out from the slave
❙❙ Acknowledge bit (ACK): Is issued by the recipient of the
previous byte if transmission was successful (exception:
Fig. 13.3: Example PARALLEL BUS with BUS table
for read access, the master terminates the data
transmission with a NACK bit after the last byte)
If you select PARALLEL CLOCKED as BUS TYPE, you can ❙❙ Data: a series of data bytes with a ACK bit after each byte
also use the bottom soft menu key CONTROL WIRES ❙❙ Stop condition: rising slope on SDA (Serial Data), while
to select sources for CHIP SELECT, and you can use the SCL (Serial Clock) is HIGH
universal knob to select the settings for CLOCK. The soft
menu key ACTIVE is used to determine if the chip select
signal High or Low Active is selected. The soft menu key 13.4.1 I2C BUS Configuration
SLOPE allows you to toggle between rising, falling and
Prior to the BUS configuration it is necessary to set the correct
both slopes. The active selection is always highlighted
logic level (threshold). Please refer to chapter 4.5. The default
in blue and is listed after the label CLK in the bit source
setting is 500 mV.
window. Press the MENU OFF button to return to the BUS
main menu. To decode the I2C BUS it is necessary to determine du-
ring the bus configuration which logic channel will be
Column Description
connected to the clock (SCL) and which one to the data
Start Time Time of frame start in relation to the trigger point
line (SDA). This setting is selected after choosing the BUS
Data Values of the data bytes
TYPE I2C in the BUS menu and pressing the soft menu
Tab. 13.1: Content of the PARALLEL BUS table
key CONFIGURATION. In the menu, choose the top soft
menu key CLOCK SCL and use the universal knob in the
To trigger on parallel buses, it is recommended to use the CURSOR/MENU section to select the source channel. You
logic trigger (see chapter 6.3.3). can define the data channel by pressing the soft menu
key DATA SDA. With the soft menu key 7BIT ADRESS you
can choose, if the adress should be interpretated inclusive
13.4 I2C BUS (ADR.+RW) or without Read/Write bit (ADDR. ONLY).
A small window provides information about the current
For I2C BUS trigger and decoding you need the R&S®HOO10 resp. settings. Press the MENU OFF button twice to close all
R&S®HOO11 option or the upgrade voucher R&S®HV110 resp. menus.
R&S®HV111.

48
 Serial Bus Analysis

If the option R&S®HOO11 resp. the voucher R&S®HV111 is in-

stalled, it it only possible to select analog channels as source.
If the option R&S®HOO10 resp. the voucher R&S®HV110 is ins-
talled, both analog and digital channels are available as source.

Certain portions of the I2C messages will be displayed

in color to distinguish between the different elements. If
the data lines are selected with the table display, the res-
pective sections will also be displayed in color. These are
described as follows:
❙❙ Read address: Yellow
❙❙ Write address: Magenta
❙❙ Data: Cyan
❙❙ Start: White
❙❙ Stop: White
❙❙ No acknowledge: Red Fig. 13.5: I2C Read/Wrtie trigger menu

❙❙ Acknowledge: Green
the master communicates with. Use the universal knob in
13.4.2 I2C Bus Triggering the CURSOR/MENU section to select the address for the
After the BUS configuration, it will be possible to trigger observing bus participant to be triggered. The soft menu
on various events. Press the TYPE button in the TRIGGER DATA enables you to enter specific data in addition to the
section and choose the soft menu key SERIAL BUSES. address. With this menu, you can trigger on clearly
Then press the SOURCE button in the TRIGGER section defined data bytes (color cyan) within the transmission,
and choose I2C Bus. This will only be available if it was allowing you to filter out irrelevant transmissions. You can
configured earlier. Press the FILTER button in the TRIGGER trigger on up to 24 bit (3 byte) of data. An offset of 0 to
section to list all available I2C trigger conditions. 4095 to the address is allowed. Select BYTE OFFSET
Following trigger conditions can be defined: which defines the distance between the bytes relevant
❙❙ START: The oscilloscope triggers on the frame start for the trigger condition and the address. In most cases,
sequence.The start sequence is the falling slope on SDA the byte offset is zero if the trigger is to occur on the
when SCL is high. maximum first 24 bits after the address. The soft menu
❙❙ STOP: The oscilloscope triggers on the frame stop key NUMBER OF BYTES allows you to define how many
sequence. The start signal is the rising slope on SDA bytes are to be analyzed for the trigger condition. The
when SCL is high. input may be binary or hexadecimal (PATTERN INPUT). If
❙❙ RESTART: The oscilloscope triggers, if a new start binary input is selected, the individual bits can be
sequence occurs before the stop condition. The new start assigned to any condition via soft menu key SELECT BIT
signal is a repeated start signal. and the universal knob. The soft menu key STATE allows
❙❙ NOT-ACKNOWLEDGE: The NOT-ACKNOWLEDGE bit is you to set the state H (=1), L (=0) or X (don’t care) for
the 9th bit in a data or address unit of the SDA line. For each bit. The state X defines any state. If the input is
NOT-ACKNOWLEDGE, the Acknowledge bit is on SDA hexadecimal, only the entire byte can be set to X. If you
high, although it should be low. choose the hexadecimal input, use the soft menu key
❙❙ READ/WRITE: The soft menu key READ/WRITE offers VALUE and the universal knob to set the respective byte
additional trigger options. You can use the soft menu key value. The soft menu key SELECT BYTE allows you to
MASTER to toggle the trigger condition between read and edit the different bytes (byte 1 to byte 2 to byte 3 etc.)
write access. The 8th bit of the first data unit (depending
on the address length) is used to distinguish between
read and write access. The selected condition is displayed
in the I2C settings window and is highlighted by the menu
key in blue. The address length (in bit) defines the
maximum number of slave addresses to be used with the
bus. For a 7 bit address length, the maximum number of
available addresses is 112. The 10 bit addressing mode is
downward compatible with the 7 bit addressing mode by
using 4 of 16 reserved addresses and can be used
simultaneously. For a 10 bit address length, a total of
1136 addresses (1024 + 128 - 16) is available. The highest
10 bit address is 1023 (0x3FF). The selected address
length is displayed in the I2C settings window and is high-
lighted by the menu key in blue. The SLAVE ADDRESS is
the address used on the BUS to distinguish which slave Fig. 13.6: I2C BUS

49
Serial Bus Analysis

sequentially (depending on the defined NUMBER OF ❙❙ No acknowledge to confirm data reception

BYTES). The active byte will be marked with a green ❙❙ Duplex capability
border in the display window of the trigger condition (see
fig. 12.9). Most SPI buses have 4 common lines, 2 data lines and 2
control lines:
Press the MENU OFF button three times to close all me- ❙❙ Clock to all slaves (SCLK)
nus, and the oscilloscope will trigger on the set address ❙❙ Slave select or chip select lines (SS or CS)
and data. For measurements without measuring object ❙❙ Master-Out-Slave-In, Slave-Data-Input (MOSI or SDI)
please refer to chapter 10.2.5. ❙❙ Master-In-Slave-Out, Slave-Data-Output (MISO or SDO)

13.4.3 I2C BUS Table If the master generates a clock pulse and selects a slave,
data can be transmitted in either one direction or
simultaneously in both directions (only available with
R&S®HOO10/R&S®HV110).

Fig. 13.8: Simple configuration of SPI BUS

13.5.1 SPI / SSPI BUS Configuration

Prior to the BUS configuration it is necessary to set the correct

logic level (threshold). Please refer to chapter 4.5. The default
setting is 500 mV. For 3-wire SPI the external trigger input will
Fig. 13.7: I2C BUS Table
be used a CS (Chip Select). The threshold can be set in the BUS
configuration menu.
Column Description
Start Time Time of frame start in relation to the trigger point Certain settings are necessary to guarantee that a SPI bus
Type Value of the R/W bit (Read/Write) is decoded correctly. First, you have to determine if a SPI
ID Value of the address system with or without chip select is available (2-wire or
Length Number of words in the frame 3-wire SPI). This can be done in the BUS setup menu when
Data Values of the data words selecting the BUS type. For a 2-wire SPI system, select the
State Frame State: option SSPI; for a 3-wire SPI system, select the option SPI.
❙❙ OK = Frame is valid Then press the CONFIGURATION button to open the setup
❙❙ DATA = during acquisition start/end only te
frame start / frame end has been decoded;
menu for SPI. Use the top soft menu key SOURCE to se-
currently no data available lect the respective channel for chip select (CS), clock (Clk)
❙❙ ADDR. ERR. = incomplete frame decoding and data. Select the respective soft menu key CS, Clk or
❙❙ INS = the frame is not completely contained in
the acquisition; the acquired part of the frame is
Data and then use the soft menu key DATA and the univer-
valid. sal knob to the select the respective source channel. For
the 2-wire SPI, select the possible TIME OUT instead of a
Tab. 13.2: Content of the I2C BUS Table
chip select source. During the time out, data and clock line
13.5 SPI / SSPI BUS are at Low. When the time out has been reached, a new
frame begins. If the time intervals between the data pa-
For SPI/SSPI BUS trigger and decoding you need the R&S®HOO10
ckets are shorter than the time out, these packets belong
resp. R&S®HOO11 option or the upgrade voucher R&S®HV110
to the same frame. You can select the dead time via uni-
resp. R&S®HV111.
versal knob or via numeric input (KEYPAD button). A small
The Serial Peripheral Interface SPI is used to communicate window provides information about the current settings.
with slow peripheral devices, in particular for the transfer
of data streams. The SPI bus was developed by Motorola If the option R&S®HOO11 resp. the voucher R&S®HV111 is in-
(today known as Freescale); however, it has not been for- stalled, it it only possible to select analog channels as source.
mally standardized. Generally, this is a bus with clock and If the option R&S®HOO10 resp. the voucher R&S®HV110 is ins-
data lines and a select line (3-wire). If only one master and talled, both analog and digital channels are available as source.
one slave are present, the select line may be deleted. This
type of line is also called SSPI (Simple SPI) (2-wire). A SPI In addition to assigning the source, the soft menu key AC-
BUS has the following properties: TIVE allows you to select the following settings:
❙❙ Master-slave communication ❙❙ CS: Chip select high or low active (low active is the
❙❙ No instrument addressing default setting)

50
 Serial Bus Analysis

❙❙ CLK: Data will be stored with rising or falling slope (rising allows you to select the first bit of the predefined bit
slope is the default setting) sequence within the frame. The bits in front of it have no
❙❙ DATA: Data high or low active (high active is the default impact on the trigger event (for instance, if the bit offset =
setting) 2, bit 0 and bit 1 after CS will be ignored and the pattern
begins with bit 2). You can select a value between 0 and
Certain portions of the SPI/SSPI messages will be displayed 4095 via universal knob or enter it numerically (KEYPAD
in color to distinguish between the different elements: button). The soft menu key NUMBER OF BITS allows you
❙❙ White: Start / End of complete frame to select how many bits will be analyzed for the trigger
❙❙ Red: Incomplete word that is not completely condition. You can select a value between 1 and 32 bit via
contained in the acquisition; change the universal knob. The serial bit sequence (PATTERN INPUT)
horizontal scale or move the“Time can be entered as binary or hexadecimal value. If you
Reference“ to get a longer acquisition choose the binary input, the soft menu key SELECT BIT
❙❙ Cyan: Decoded words and the universal knob allow you to select which
individual bits within the data are to be edited. The option
STATE allows you to assign a logic state to each bit (High
= H = 1, Low = L = 0 or X = don’t care). The state X
defines any state. If you choose the hexadecimal input,
the soft menu key VALUE and the universal knob allow
you to set the value for the respective nibble (4 bit). If the
input is hexadecimal, only the entire nibble can be set to
X. Use the soft menu key SELECT NIBBLE to toggle
between nibbles. The active nibble will be marked with a
green border in the display window of the trigger
condition.

Press the MENU OFF button three times to close all

menus, and the oscilloscope will trigger on the set bit
Fig. 13.9: Menu for the definition of a SPI bus sequence. For measurements without measuring object
please refer to chapter 10.2.5.
You can use the soft menu key BIT ORDER to determine if
the data of each message starts with the MSB (most sig- 13.5.3 SPI/SSPI BUS Table
nificant bit) or the LSB (least significant bit). The soft menu
key WORD SIZE allows you to select via universal knob
how many bits are included per message. You may select
any value between 1 and 32 bits.

13.5.2 SPI / SSPI BUS Triggering

After the SPI/SSPI BUS configuration, it will be possible
to trigger on various events. Press the TYPE button in the
TRIGGER section of the control panel and choose the soft
menu key SERIAL BUSES. Then press the SOURCE button
in the TRIGGER section and choose SPI Bus. This will only
be available if it was configured earlier. Press the FILTER
button in the TRIGGER section of the control panel to list
all available SPI trigger conditions. The following trigger
conditions can be defined:
❙❙ FRAME START: Sets the trigger event on the start of the Fig. 13.10: Example SSPI BUS table

frame. The frame starts when the chip select (CS) signal
switches to the selected active mode. Column Description
Start Time Time of frame start in relation to the trigger point
❙❙ FRAME END: Sets the trigger event on the end of the
Length Number of words in the frame
frame. The frame ends when the chip select (CS) signal
Data Values of the data words
switches from the selected active to the inactive mode.
Frame Status:
❙❙ BIT: Selects the trigger time to the set bit within the set ❙❙ OK = Frame is valid
bit sequence with the universal knob in the CURSOR/ ❙❙ DATA = during acquisition start/end only te
MENU section. You can also enter a numeric value to frame start / frame end has been decoded;
State
currently no data available
determine the desired bit number (KEYPAD button). ❙❙ INS = the frame is not completely contained in
❙❙ SER. PATTERN: Use the soft menu SER. PATTERN to the acquisition; the acquired part of the frame is
define a specific bit sequence within the frame which valid.

start the trigger event. The soft menu key BIT OFFSET Tab. 13.3: Content of the SPI/SSPI BUS table

51
Serial Bus Analysis

13.6 UART/RS-232 BUS ❙❙ None: Use no parity bits

❙❙ Even: The parity bit is set to “1” if the number of ones in a
For UART/RS-232 BUS trigger and decoding you need the
specific set of bits is uneven (without parity bit)
R&S®HOO10 resp. R&S®HOO11 option or the upgrade voucher
❙❙ Odd: The parity bit is set to “1” if the number of ones in a
R&S®HV110 resp. R&S®HV111.
specific set of bits is even (without parity bit)
The UART bus (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Trans-
mitter) is a general bus system and the base for many pro- The bottom soft menu key STOP BITS allows you to define
tocols. One example is the RS-232 protocol. It consists of a the length of the stop bit (1 = single, 1.5 = 1 1/2 or 2 =
frame with a start bit, 5 to 9 data bits, one parity bit and a double). On page 2|2 of the UART BUS setup menu, you
stop bit. The stop bit can assume the single length, or 1.5 can select the BIT RATE (symbol rate) via universal knob
or twice the length of a normal bit. in the CURSOR/MENU section. The bit rate defines how
many bits are sent per second. The soft menu key BIT
RATE allows you to select standard numeric values. Press
the soft menu key USER if you wish to define customized
Fig. 13.11: UART bit sequence
rates via universal knob or numeric input (KEYPAD button).
The IDLE TIME describes the minimum time between the
13.6.1 UART/RS-232 BUS Konfiguration stop bit of the last data and the start bit of the new data.
The sole purpose of the idle time is to define the start of a
Prior to the BUS configuration it is necessary to set the correct transmission and consequently the exact start of a frame
logic level (threshold). Please refer to chapter 4.5. The default (one or more symbols, most commonly bytes). Only this
setting is 500 mV. information can guarantee correct decoding and triggering
(regardless of the trigger type). A start bit within the idle
To decode the UART BUS it is necessary to first determine time will not be recognized. You can enter the value via
which channel will be connected to the data line. This universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU section or numeric
setting is selected after choosing the bus type UART in the input (KEYPAD button).
BUS menu and pressing the soft menu key CONFIGURA-
TION. In the menu that opens you can press the top soft
menu key DATA SOURCE to select the desired channel via
universal knob.
If the option R&S®HOO11 resp. the voucher R&S®HV111 is in-
stalled, it it only possible to select analog channels as source.
If the option R&S®HOO10 resp. the voucher R&S®HV110 is ins-
talled, both analog and digital channels are available as source.

The soft menu key ACTIVE can be used to determine if

the data transferred to the BUS are active high (High = 1)
or active low (Low = 1) (for RS-232, choose Low). Use the
soft menu key SYMBOL SIZE and the universal knob to
select a value between 5 bit to 9 bit for the bits that form
a symbol. Another setting can be selected via soft menu
key PARITY. Parity bits are used to detect errors during a Fig. 13.13: Page 2|2 UART BUS setup menu
transmission. The soft menu PARITY offers the following
options: Certain portions of the UART messages will be displayed
in color to distinguish between the different elements:
❙❙ White: Start / End of complete frame
❙❙ Red: Incomplete word that is not completely
contained in the acquisition; change the
horizontal scale or move the“Time Reference“ to
get a longer acquisition
❙❙ Cyan: Decoded words

13.6.2 UART/RS-232 BUS Triggering

After the BUS configuration, it will be possible to trigger
on various events. Press the TYPE button in the TRIGGER
section of the control panel and choose the soft menu
key SERIAL BUSES. Then press the SOURCE button in
the TRIGGER section and choose UART. This will only be
Fig. 13.12: Trigger menu UART data available if it was configured earlier.

52
 Serial Bus Analysis

Press the FILTER button in the TRIGGER section of the be marked with a green border in the display window of
control panel to list all available UART trigger conditions: the trigger condition.
❙❙ START BIT: Sets the start bit as trigger event. The start ❙❙ PARITY ERROR: Trigger with a parity filter
bit is the first 0 bit that succeeds a stop bit or idle time. ❙❙ FRAME ERROR: Trigger with a frame error
❙❙ FRAME START: Defines the first start bit after idle time. ❙❙ BREAK: Trigger with a break. The BREAK condition is
❙❙ SYMBOL<N>: Assigns a predefined N-th symbol as fulfilled if a stop bit does not succeed a start bit within a
trigger event. specified time period. The stop bits low are active during
❙❙ ANY SYMBOL: The soft menu ANY SYMBOL allows you the break.
to define any symbol to trigger on. The symbol can be
located anywhere within a frame. The serial bit sequence Press the MENU OFF button three times to close all
(PATTERN INPUT) can be entered as binary or menus, and the oscilloscope will trigger on the set bit
hexadecimal value. If you choose the binary input, the soft sequence. For measurements without measuring object
menu key SELECT BIT and the universal knob allow you to please refer to chapter 10.2.5.
select which individual bits within the data are to be
edited. Select the option STATE to assign a logic state to 13.6.3 UART BUS Table
each bit (High = H = 1, Low = L = 0 or X = don’t care).
The state X defines any state. If you choose the hexa-
decimal input, the soft menu key VALUE and the universal
knob allow you to set the value for the respective symbol.
If the input is hexadecimal, only the entire symbol can be
set to X. Use the soft menu key SELECT SYMBOL to
toggle between symbols.
❙❙ PATTERN: Offers additional options for UART trigger
settings. The soft menu key SYMBOL OFFSET and the
universal knob are used to select the number of irrelevant
symbols that proceed the pattern within the frame that
are relevant for the trigger event. Any value between 0 to
4095 symbols after the start bit may be entered. Use the
soft menu key NUMB. OF SYMB. to select the number of
relevant symbols as 1, 2 or 3. The number of symbol Fig. 13.15: Example UART BUS table
defines the pattern size. The symbol length (5 to 9 bit)
was configured at the time of the bus definition and will Column Description
be observed accordingly in the trigger menu. The value Start Time Time of frame start in relation to the trigger point
input for the symbols may be binary or hexadecimal (as Data Values of the data words
described above). Use the soft menu key PATTERN State Frame State:
INPUT for this selection. If binary input is selected, the ❙❙ OK = Frame is valid
❙❙ DATA = during acquisition start/end only te
individual bits can be assigned via soft menu key SELECT
frame start / frame end has been decoded;
BIT and the universal knob. The soft menu key STATE currently no data available
allows you to determine the state for each bit (1, 0 or X). ❙❙ INS = the frame is not completely contained in
the acquisition; the acquired part of the frame is
If you choose the hexadecimal input, the soft menu key
valid.
VALUE and the universal knob allow you to set the value
Tab. 13.4: Content of the UART BUS table
for the respective symbol. Use the soft menu key SELECT
SYMBOL to toggle between symbols. The active byte will
13.7 CAN BUS

For CAN BUS trigger and decoding you need the R&S®HOO12
option or the upgrade voucher R&S®HV112.
The CAN bus (Controller Area Network) is a bus system
primarily developed for automotive applications and is
used for the data exchange between controller units
and sensors. It can be found increasingly in the aviation,
healthcare, and general automation industries. At the
physical level, CAN is a differential signal, therefore a diffe-
rential probe (e.g. HZO40) is recommended for decoding,
although standard probes are equally suitable to capture
the signals. The standard data rates range between 10
kBit/s and 1 MBit/s. A CAN message primarily consists of
a start bit, the Frame ID (11 or 29 bit), the data length code
Fig. 13.14: UART trigger menu page 2 DLC, the data, a CRC, acknowledge and an end bit.

53
Serial Bus Analysis

13.7.1 CAN BUS Configuration list all available CAN trigger conditions:
Prior to the BUS configuration it is necessary to set the correct ❙❙ START OF FRAME: Triggers on the first slope of the SOF
logic level (threshold). Please refer to chapter 4.5. The default bit (synchronizing bit).
setting is 500 mV. ❙❙ END OF FRAME: Triggers on the end of the frame.
❙❙ FRAME: The submenu offers different options, like trigger
After choosing the BUS type CAN in the BUS menu the on ERROR (general frame error), OVERLOAD (trigger on
configuration menu will open after pressing the soft menu CAN Overload frames) or DATA (trigger on data frames).
key CONFIGURATION. In the menu that opens you can With the soft menu key READ/DATA you are able to
press the top soft menu key DATA to select the desired trigger on read and data frames. With the soft menu key
channel via universal knob in the CURSOR/MENU section. IP TYPE the identifier type (11 bit, 29 bit or any.) can be
An analog or a digital channel can be connected to CAN- selected.
High or CAN-Low. In addition, it is possible to connect a ❙❙ ERROR S: Identifies various errors in a frame. This menu
differential probe (e.g. HZO40) to an analog channel. When allows you to choose one or several error message types
using a differential probe, select CAN High if the positive as trigger condition. Individual frame segments (e.g. frame
input of the probe is connected to CAN-H and the negative start etc.) are coded during the bit stuffing procedure. The
input to CAN L. If the probe is connected with reversed transmitter automatically adds a complimentary bit to the
polarity, you must select CAN L. bit stream if it detects 5 consecutive bits with identical
value in the bit stream to be transmitted. A “STUFF” error
occurs if the 6th identical bit level is detected in the
specified sections. A FORM error occurs if a fixed bit field
contains one or several invalid bits. An authentication error
occurs if the transmitter receives no authentication
(acknowledge). CAN BUS applies a complex checksum
calculation (Cyclic Redundancy Check). The transmitter
calculates the CRC and transmits the result in a CRC
sequence. The receiver calculates the CRC in the same
manner. A CRC error occurs if the calculated result
deviates from the received CRC sequence.
❙❙ IDENTIFIER: Identifies the priority and the logical address
of a message. In the menu that opens you can press the
top soft menu key to select the FRAME TYPE (general
data, read data or read/write data) via universal knob. The
Fig. 13.16: CAN BUS configuration
soft menu IDENTIFIER SETUP below allows you to specify
the length of the identifier type via soft menu key ID TYPE
The soft menu key SAMPLE POINT allows you to specify and universal knob (11 bit base or 29 bits for extended
the exact point within the bit at which the value for the CAN frames). The soft menu key COMPARE defines the
current bit is sampled. You can select a value in percent comparison function. If the pattern includes at least one X
(25% to 90%) via universal knob or KEYPAD key in the (don’t care), it is possible to trigger on a value equal or not
CURSOR/MENU section. The option BIT RATE defines equal to the specified value. If the pattern includes only 0
how many bits are transmitted per second and allows you or 1, it is possible to trigger on an area greater than or less
to select default data rates via universal knob. Use the soft than the specified value. The PATTERN INPUT may be
menu key USER to specify user-defined bit rates. You can binary or hexadecimal. If you choose the binary input, the
enter the value via universal knob or numeric input (KEY- soft menu key BIT and the universal knob allow you to
PAD button).

Certain portions of the UART messages will be displayed

in color to distinguish between the different elements:
❙❙ Weiß: Data length code, number of data bytes
❙❙ Cyan: Data words
❙❙ Magenta: Identifier
❙❙ Rot: Frame Error

13.7.2 CAN BUS Triggering

After the CAN BUS configuration, it will be possible to trig-
ger on various events. Press the TYPE button in the TRIG-
GER section and choose the soft menu key SERIAL BUSES.
Then press the SOURCE button in the TRIGGER section and
choose CAN. This will only be available if it was configured
earlier. Press the FILTER button in the TRIGGER section to Fig. 13.17: CAN BUS

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 Serial Bus Analysis

select which individual bits within the data are to be

edited. Select the option STATE to assign a logic state to
each bit (High = H = 1, Low = L = 0 or X = don’t care). The
state X defines any state. If you choose the hexadecimal
input, the soft menu key VALUE and the universal knob
allow you to set the value for the respective byte. If the
input is hexadecimal, only the entire byte can be set to X.
Use the soft menu key BYTE to toggle between bytes.
❙❙ IDENTIFIER AND DATA: Includes the same settings as
the soft menu IDENTIFIER. In the menu that opens you
can select the FRAME TYPE (general data or read data)
via top soft menu key and universal knob. In the menu
IDENTIFIER SETUP below you can enter the address of
the respective pattern. The soft menu DATA SETUP allows
you to specify the data bit pattern or HEX values for up to
Fig. 13.18: Example CAN BUS table
8 bytes (only available if DATA was selected as frame
type). Available comparisons for address and data values
are GREATER, EQUAL OR LESS, EQUAL and NOT 13.8 LIN BUS
EQUAL.
For CAN BUS trigger and decoding you need the R&S®HOO12
option or the upgrade voucher R&S®HV112.
Press the MENU OFF button twice or three times to close
all menus, and the oscilloscope will trigger on the set data. The LIN bus (Local Interconnect Network) is a simple
For measurements without measuring object please refer master/slave bus system for automotive applications and
to chapter 10.2.5. is used for the data exchange between controller units and
sensors or actuators. The signal is transmitted on one line
with ground reference to the vehicle mass. A LIN BUS has
13.7.3 CAN BUS Table the following properties:
❙❙ Serial single-wire communication protocol (byte-oriented)
Column Description
❙❙ Master-slave communication (generally up to 12 knots)
Start Time Time of frame start in relation to the trigger point
❙❙ Master-controlled communication (master initiates /
Type Frame Type:
❙❙ DATA = Data Frame coordinates communication)
❙❙ REMOTE = Remote Frame
❙❙ ERR-F. = Transmission error (Error Frame) The data is transmitted in bytes without parity (based on
❙❙ OVL-F. = Overload Frame
UART). Each byte consists of a start bit, 8 data bits and a
ID Frame ID
stop bit.
DLC Data length code, number of data bytes
Data Values of the data bytes
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
State Frame State:
❙❙ OK = Frame is valid
❙❙ CRC = the calculated result deviates from the
Fig. 13.19: LIN byte structure
received CRC sequence (cyclic redundancy
check failed)
❙❙ NACK = not Acknowledge
❙❙ CRC+NACK = cyclic redundancy check failed 13.8.1 LIN BUS Configuration
followed by „not Acknowledge“
❙❙ STUFF = Bit Stuffing Error Prior to the BUS configuration it is necessary to set the correct
❙❙ INS = the frame is not completely contained in logic level (threshold). Please refer to chapter 4.5. The default
the acquisition; the acquired part of the frame is
valid.
setting is 500 mV.

Tab. 13.5: Content of the CAN BUS table After choosing the BUS type LIN in the BUS menu press
the soft menu key CONFIGURATION. In the menu that
opens you can press the top soft menu key DATA to select
the desired channel via universal knob in the CURSOR/
MENU section. The soft menu key POLARITY allows you
to toggle between High and Low; the active function will
be highlighted in blue. An analog or a digital channel can
be connected to LIN-High or LIN-Low. You can select any
version for the LIN standard (version 1x, version 2x, J2602
or any) via soft menu key VERSION and universal knob.
The option BIT RATE allows you to specify the number
of transmitted bits per second. You can use the univer-

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Serial Bus Analysis

sal knob to choose from predefined standard data rates

and user-defined data rates (USER). The highest possible
user-defined data rate is 4MBit/s. You can enter the user-
defined value via universal knob or numeric input (KEYPAD
button).

Fig. 13.21: LIN data trigger menu

it is possible to trigger on a value equal or not equal to the

specified value. If the pattern includes only 0 or 1, it is
possible to trigger on an area greater than or less than the
Fig. 13.20: LIN BUS menu specified value. The PATTERN INPUT may be binary or
hexadecimal. If you choose the binary input, the soft
Certain portions of the UART messages will be displayed menu key BIT and the universal knob allow you to select
in color to distinguish between the different elements: which individual bits within the data are to be edited.
❙❙ White: Synchronization byte / correct checksum Select the option STATE to assign a logic state to each bit
❙❙ Cyan: Data words (High = H = 1, Low = L = 0 or X = don’t care). The state X
❙❙ Yellow: Identifier defines any state. If you choose the hexadecimal input,
❙❙ Green: Parity bit the soft menu key VALUE and the universal knob allow
❙❙ Red: Frame Error you to set the value for the respective byte. If the input is
hexadecimal, only the entire byte can be set to X. Use the
13.8.2 LIN BUS Triggering soft menu key BYTE to toggle between bytes.
After the BUS configuration, it will be possible to trigger ❙❙ ID AND DATA: The soft menu IDENTIFIER AND DATA
on various events. Press the TYPE button in the TRIGGER and the soft menu key IDENTIFIER SETUP include the
section of the control panel and choose the soft menu key same settings as the soft menu IDENTIFIER. The soft
SERIAL BUSES. Then press the SOURCE button in the menu DATA SETUP allows you to specify the data bit
TRIGGER section and choose LIN. This will only be availa- pattern or HEX values for up to 8 bytes. Available
ble if it was configured earlier. Press the FILTER button in comparisons for address and data values are EQUAL and
the TRIGGER section of the control panel to list all available NOT EQUAL.
CAN trigger conditions:
❙❙ START OF FRAME: Triggers on the stop bit of the Press the MENU OFF button twice or three times to close
synchronizing field. all menus, and the oscilloscope will trigger on the set data.
❙❙ WAKE UP: Triggers after a wake-up frame. For measurements without measuring object please refer
❙❙ ERROR C:Identifies various errors in a frame. This menu to chapter 10.2.5.
allows you to choose one or several error message types
as trigger condition. LIN BUS applies a complex
checksum calculation (Cyclic Redundancy Check). The
transmitter calculates the CRC and transmits the result in
a CRC sequence. The receiver calculates the CRC in the
same manner. A CRC error occurs if the calculated result
deviates from the received CRC sequence. With soft
menu key PARITY triggering occurs on a parity error.
Parity bits are bit 6 and bit 7 of the identifier. The correct
transfer of the identifier is verified. With the soft menu
key SYNCHRONISATION triggering occurs if the
synchronizing field indicates an error.
❙❙ ID: With the soft menu key IDENTIFIER you can set the
trigger to a specific identifier or a specific identifier range.
The soft menu key COMPARE defines the comparison
function. If the pattern includes at least one X (don’t care), Fig. 13.22: LIN BUS

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14 Remote Control
13.8.3 LIN BUS Table

The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series is

equipped with a built-in interface card, which have an
Ethernet and USB connection on board as a standard.

To make any communication possible, the chosen interface and

it’s correcponding settings must be the same in the PC as in the
oscilloscope..
In addition to a LAN interface, the R&S®HMO1002 resp.
R&S®HMO1202 series includes a USB device port. For this
interface, the user can select if the instrument is accessed
via virtual COM port (VCP) or via USB TMC class.

Fig. 13.23: Example LIN BUS table 14.1 USB VCP

Column Description All currently available USB VCP drivers have been fully tested
Start Time Time of frame start in relation to the trigger point and released for Windows XP™, VISTA™, Windows 7™ and Win-
ID Frame ID dows 8™ (32 + 64 Bit).
Length Number of data bytes
The traditional version of the VCP allows the user to com-
Data Values of the data bytes
municate with the measuring instrument using any termi-
Chks Checksum value nal program via SCPI commands once the corresponding
State Frame Status: Windows drivers have been installed. The actual USB-VCP
❙ OK = Frame is valid
❙ DATA = during acquisition start/end only te driver can be downloaded from the ROHDE & SCHWARZ
frame start / frame end has been decoded; homepage www.rohde-schwarz.com for free. If a connec-
currently no data available tion between PC and the instrument has been established
❙ SYNC = Synchronisation error and no R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series USB-
❙ CHKS = Checksum error
❙ PARI = Parity error VCP driver is installed, the operating system answers with
❙ WAKEUP = WakeUp Frame “Found New Hardware”. In addition, the “Found New
❙ INS = ein „angerissener“ Frame sitzt am Ende Hardware Wizard” is displayed. Only in this case the USB
der Erfassung und das eigentliche Ende wurde VCP driver must be installed. Further information about the
nicht dekodiert
USB VCP driver installation you can find in the installation
Tab. 13.6: Content of the LIN BUS table guide internal of the driver file.

The following requirement for USB-VCP driver installation are

necessary:

1 R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 with an activated USB-

VCP interface.
2 A PC with operating system Windows XP™, VISTA™, Win-
dows 7™, Windows 8™ or Windows 10™ (32 or 64Bit).
3 Administrator rights are necessary for the installation of the
driver. If an error message regarding spelling errors appears,
the rights to install the driver are not given. In this case,
please contact your IT department to obtain the necessary
rights.

In addition, you may use the free software HMExplorer.

This Windows application offers the R&S®HMO1002 resp.
R&S®HMO1202 series a terminal function, the option to
create screenshots and to sort the measured data storage.

14.2 USB TMC

A modern alternative to the virtual COM port (VCP) is
the control via USB TMC class. TMC stands for „Test &
Measurement Class“ which indicates that the connec-
ted measurement instrument can be recognized without

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Remote Control

special Windows drivers if VISA drivers are installed and Select “Next“ to start the installation and follow the
that it can be used directly in corresponding environments. installation instructions.
The GPIB interface serves as model to the structure of the
TMC design. A major benefit of the USB TMC class is that
by sampling specific registers the user can determine if
commands have been terminated and if they have been
processed correctly. However, the communication via VCP
requires analysis and polling mechanisms within the cont-
rolling software which may significantly strain the interface
of the measurement instruments. The TMC status registers
solve this problem with the USB TMC in the same manner
as is the case with the GPIB interface for the hardware,
namely via corresponding control lines.

The HMExplorer software does not support the communication

via USB TMC.

14.2.1 USB TMC Configuration Fig. 14.2: NI-VISA installation instructions

The R&S®HMO1002 resp. R&S®HMO1202 series require a
generic USB instrument driver to be operated in USB-TMC In this step, please select “NI-VISA xxx --> Leave this fea-
mode. The USB Test & Measurement class (USB-TMC) is a ture and its subfeatures installed locally“.
protocol that enables GPIB-like communication via USB in-
terfaces and a separate instrument class of the USB speci-
fication. The USB-TMC protocol supports service requests,
trigger and other GPIB-specific commands. The driver is
included in the NI-VISA package (Virtual Instrument Soft-
ware Architecture) and can be downloaded at http://www.
ni.com/downloads/ni-drivers/.

You need to first install the NI-VISA drivers on your Win-

dows system. Please download the most recent version
of the NI-VISA driver package. Extract the previously
downloaded driver package and follow the installation
instructions.

Below please find an example for NI-VISA 5.4.1:

Fig. 14.3: NI-VISA feature installation locally

Now that you have successfully installed the NI-VISA

drivers, you can switch your R&S®HMO1002 resp.
R&S®HMO1202 to the USB-TMC interface. Select
the SETUP menu of your oscilloscope, and choose
INTERFACE.

Fig. 14.1: NI-VISA 5.4.1

Fig. 14.4: Setup menu

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 Remote Control

Use the soft key to select “USB” and the soft menu Once you open the Windows Device Manager, the follow-
PARAMETER. ing entry will be displayed: “USB Test and Measurement
Devices --> USB Test and Measurement Device (IVI)”.

Fig. 14.5: Interface menu

Fig. 14.8: Device manager

Choose the USB type „USB TMC“.

14.3 USB MTP

USB-MTP provides an easy solution to load data from the
oscilloscope to the PC. This usually does not require a
driver (according to Microsoft, USB MTP is automatically
supported for Windows XP SP3 and higher). USB-MTP is
unrelated to SCPI or the remote control of the instrument.
It is merely applied to transfer data in file format. If you
select the USB MTP function on the oscilloscope and if the
instrument is connected to a PC, the instrument will dis-
play in the PC Device Manager as portable instrument.

Fig. 14.6: Interface parameter menu

Finally, use a USB interface cable (type A – B) to connect

the power supply with your Windows PC. On the first use,
the operating system issues the following message:
“Found New Hardware”. Once the installation has been
successfully completed, the following message will be
displayed: “Device Setup” - “USB Test and Measurement
Device (IVI), ready to use“.

Fig. 14.9: Device manager display

The instrument includes three drives:

❙❙ Internal Storage:
Access to the files stored on the instrument, e.g.
instrument settings, references, masks and formula sets
Fig. 14.7: Instrument driver installation
(only for the R&S®HMO1202 series)
❙❙ Live Data:
Access to multiple subfolders, README.TXT file,
SCREENSHOT and SETTINGS
❙❙ Upload:
Sending files to the oscilloscope (temporary drive)

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Remote Control

Fig. 14.10: Folder display

If a USB stick is connected to the oscilloscope, you can

view the USB stick content via USB-MTP, or you can copy
files to the PC. The USB stick displays as USB FRONT in
the folder list. Contrary to the image preview in LIVE DATA Fig. 14.12: Folder structure of LIVE DATA
which is only available via right click and the OPEN option,
the image preview in USB FRONT is operational because memory is only useful when the acquisition has been sus-
the size indicated in Explorer corresponds to the actual file pended, otherwise, only the screen data will be read. To
size. The file size in Explorer is overestimated at times to continue acquisition while reading the data may result in
prevent Windows from simply truncating files while the PC curve data from different acquisitions.
is receiving them.
14.3.2 Upload
The UPLOAD folder is a temporary drive in the RAM of the
oscilloscope. The content of this folder is purged when the
instrument is turned off or restarted. This folder is intended
to send specific files to the oscilloscope. If the PC copies
a file into this folder, the oscilloscope will verify if this file
can be loaded directly. The file transfer of .HDS and .SCP
Fig. 14.11: Folder display with USB stick
for instrument settings, .HLK for license keys and .HFU for
Sending files to the oscilloscope is only supported via UPLOAD firmware updates are supported. Other file transfers will
drive. All other drives are read-only. There is no way to remove the be ignored. Instrument settings and license keys will be
write protection. loaded without the PC requiring additional information. A
firmware update must be started directly on the oscillo-
scope via soft menu key EXECUTE.
14.3.1 Live Data
The LIVE DATA folder contains several subfolders and 14.4 Ethernet
files. Each time a screenshot is opened, a current snapshot For the direct connection with a host (PC) or indirect
will be taken and sent to the PC. Double-clicking the connection over a SWITCH, a doubly protected network
snapshot will open the image preview which, however, cable (e.g. CAT.5, CAT.5e, CAT.5+, CAT.6 or CAT.7) is re-
fails to function in combination with the R&S®HMO1002 or quired, equipped with an Ethernet plug type the RJ-45 at
R&S®HMO1202 series. Due to file compression, the size of each end. Either an uncrossed or a crossed network cable
the actual file sent is less than indicated in Explorer. This (cross over cable) can be used.
causes the image preview to issue an error. Therefore,
screenshots can only be opened via right click and the 14.4.1 IP networks (IP – Internet protocol)
OPEN option. The Settings file supplies the current instru- In order that two or several network elements (e.g. measu-
ment settings in the respective format. ring instruments, host/PC‘s, …) can communicate over a
network with one another, some fundamental connections
The folders CHANNEL, BUS and POD contain two sub- have to be considered, so that data communication is error
folders and a README.TXT. The subfolders contain files free and unimpaired. For each element in a network an
for the curve data in various formats. The files in the Ac- IP address has to be assigned, so that they can exchange
quisition Memory folder provide data from the acquisition data among themselves. IP addresses are represented
memory, whereas the files in the DISPLAY DATA folder (with the IP version 4) as four decimal numbers separated
only provide visible curve data. The folders MATH and by points (e.g. 192.168.15.1). Each decimal number is re-
REFERENCES only contain visible curve data and therefore presented by a binary number of 8 bits. IP addresses are
no subfolders are available. The respective INFO.TXT files divided into public and private address ranges. Public IP
contain significant information relating to the curves, such addresses will be able to route by the Internet and an Inter-
as name, units, samples etc. The file content is generated net service Provider (ISP) can to be made available. Public
while the file is being sent to the PC. It is therefore recom- IP addresses can be reached directly over the Internet to
mended to only read curve data when the acquisition has directly exchange internet data. Private IP addresses are
been suspended (STOP mode). Reading the acquisition not routed by the Internet and are reserved for private net-

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works. Network elements with private IP addresses cannot router, Modem router, WLAN router, …) integrated. If a
be reached directly over the Internet so no data can be network element (e.g. an instrument) is connected by a
directly exchanged over the Internet. To allow network network cable directly with a host (PC), the IP addresses
elements with a private IP address to exchange data over cannot be assigned to the instrument and the host (PC) au-
the Internet, they require a router for IP address conversion tomatically, since no network with DHCP server is present
(English NAT; Network address translation), before con- here. They have to be preset therefore at the instrument
nection to the Internet. The attached elements can then and at the host (PC) manually.
data exchange over this router, which possesses a private
IP address (LAN IP address) and also a public IP address IP addresses are divided by using subnet mask into a
(WAN IP address), via the Internet. network quota and into a host quota, so similarly e.g. a
telephone number is divided in pre selection (land and lo-
If network elements exchange data only over a local net- cal area network number) and call number (user number).
work (without connection with the Internet), appropriate Subnet mask have the same form as IP addresses. They
use private IP addresses. Select in addition e.g. a private IP are represented with four decimal numbers separated
address for the instrument and a private IP address for the by points (e.g. 255.255.255.0). As is the case for the IP
host (PC), with which you would like to control the instru- addresses here each decimal number represents a binary
ment. If you might connect your private network with the number of 8 bits. The separation between network quota
Internet later via a router, the private IP addresses used in and host quota is determined by the subnet mask within
your local network can be maintained. Since within each an IP address (e.g. the IP address 192.168.10.10 by the sub-
IP address range the first IP address is used as network net mask 255.255.255.0 is divided into a network quota
IP address and the last IP address is used as Broadcast IP 192.168.10.0 and a host quota of 0.0.0.10). The allocation
address, in each case two IP addresses have to be taken takes place via the transformation of the IP address and
off from the “number of possible host addresses“ (see the subnet mask in binary form and afterwards a bit by bit
table 1: Private IP address ranges). Apart from the orga- one logical AND operation between IP address and subnet
nization of IP addresses into public and private address mask. The result is the network quota of the IP address.
ranges, IP addresses are also divided into classes (Class: A, The host quota of the IP address takes place via the bit by
B, C, D, E). Within the classes A, B, and C are also include bit logical NAND operation between IP address and subnet
the private IP of address ranges described before. The mask. By the variable allocation of IP addresses in network
categorisation from IP addresses is for the assignment of quota and host quota via subnet masks, one can specify IP
public IP address ranges of importance and essentially address ranges individually for large and small networks.
depends on the size of a local network (maximum number Thus one can operate large and small IP networks and
of hosts in the network), which is to be connected with the connect if necessary to the Internet via a router. In smaller
Internet (see table 2: Classes of IP addresses). IP addresses local networks the subnet mask 255.255.255.0 is mostly
can fix (statically) or variable (dynamically) to be assigned. used. Network quota (the first 3 numbers) and host quota
If IP addresses in a network are assigned fix, an IP address (the last number) are simple here without much mathe-
must be preset manually with each network element. If IP matical expenditure to determine and it can with these
addresses in a network are assigned to the attached net- subnet mask up to 254 network elements (e.g. measuring
work elements automatically (dynamically), a DHCP server instruments, hosts/PC‘s...) in a network be operated at the
(English DHCP becomes; Dynamic Host Configuration same time.
Protocol) is required for the dispatching of IP addresses.
With a DHCP server an IP address range for the automatic Often also a standard gateway is present in a network. In
dispatching of IP addresses can be preset. A DHCP server most local networks is this gateway with the router to the
is usually already integrated in a router (DSL router, ISDN Internet (DSL router, ISDN router etc.) is identical. Using

adress range subnetz mask CIDR way of writing number of possible host adresses
10.0.0.0 –10.255.255.255 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.0/8 224 − 2 = 16.777.214
172.16.0.0 –172.31.255.255 255.240.0.0 172.16.0.0/12 220 − 2 = 1.048.574

192.168.0.0 –192.168.255.255 255.255.0.0 192.168.0.0/16 216 − 2 = 65.534

255.255.255.0 192.168.0.0/24 28 − 2 = 254

Table 14.1: Private IP adress ranges

class adress range net quota host quota max. number of networks max. number of hosts
A 0.0.0.1 - 127.255.255.255 8 Bit 24 Bit 126 16.777.214
B 128.0.0.1 - 191.255.255.255 16 Bit 16 Bit 16.384 65.534
C 192.0.0.1 - 223.255.255.255 24 Bit 8 Bit 2.097.151 254
D 224.0.0.1 - 239.255.255.255 Reserved for multicast applications
E 240.0.0.1 - 255.255.255.255 Reserved for special applications

Table 14.2: Classes of IP adresses

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this (gateway -) router a connection can be manufactured

with another network. Thus also network elements, which
are not in the same (local) network, can be reached and/
or network elements from the local network are able to ex-
change data with network elements from other networks.
For a network-spreading data exchange the IP address of
the standard gateway must also be preset. In local net-
works, mostly the first IP address within a network for this
(gateway -) router is used. Mostly routers in a local net-
work to be used as gateway have an IP address with a „1“
in the last place of the IP address (e.g. 192.168.10.1).

14.4.2 Ethernet Settings

PC and instrument have to be connected to the same network.
Otherwise a remote connection is not possible.

In addition to the USB interface, the interface card inclu-

des an Ethernet interface. Configure the settings in the
oscilloscope for all necessary parameters after you select
ETHERNET as interface and press the soft menu key PA-
RAMETER. You can specify all parameters and assign a
fixed IP address. You can also assign a dynamic IP address
with the activated DHCP function. Please contact your IT
management to configure the settings properly.

If DHCP is used and the system cannot assign an IP address to

the oscilloscope (for instance, if no Ethernet cable is connected
or the network does not support DHCP), it may take up to three
minutes until a timeout allows the interface to be configured
again.

Fig. 14.9: Ethernet-settings dialog box

If the device has an IP address, it can be accessed via web

browser at this IP since the Ethernet interface includes an
integrated web server. Enter the IP address in the location
bar on your browser (http//xxx.xxx.xxx.xx). This opens a
window that includes the device name and type, serial
number and interfaces with technical information and con-
figured parameters.

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 Technical Data

Technical DataData
15 Technical Max. input voltage
1 MΩ 200 Vp (derates at 20 db/decade to 5 V above
100 kHz)
50 Ω
(R&S®HMO1202 series) 5 Veff, max. 30 Vs
Position range
R&S®HMO1002 Series
R&S®HMO1002 series ±5 Div (from center of screen)
R&S®HMO1202 Series
R&S®HMO1202 series ±15 Div (from center of screen)

2-channel digital oscilloscopes with Channel isolation 35 dB from DC to specified bandwidth (same
50/70/100/200/300MHz bandwidth V/Div range)
XY mode CH1, CH2
from firmware version 5.457
Inversion selectively all analog channels
Display
Logic Channels with Logic Probe R&S®HO3508
Screen size / type 16,5 cm (6,5“) VGA color display
Thresholds TTL, CMOS, ECL, user-definied (-2 V to +8 V)
Resolution 640 (H) x 480 (V) pixels
Impedance 100 kΩ || 4 pF
Backlight 400 cd/m2 (LED)
Coupling DC
Display range in horizontal direction
Max. input voltage 40 Vp
without menu bar 12 Div (600 pixels)
Trigger System
with menu bar 10 Div (500 pixels)
Display range in vertical Trigger Mode
direction 8 Div (400 pixels) Auto triggers automatically also without any
with VirtualScreen usage 20 Div specific trigger event
Color depth 256 colors Normal triggers only on specific trigger events
Trace display pseudo-color, inverse brightness Single triggers once on a trigger event
Levels of trace brightness 32 Trigger indicator screen and panel (LED)
Vertical System Trigger sensitivity
DSO mode CH1, CH2 up to 5mV/Div 1.5 Div
MSO mode (POD with logic probe R&S®HO3508) from 5mV/Div 0.8 Div
R&S®HMO1002 series CH1, POD, Ext.In oder CH1, CH2, Ext.In Trigger level setting
R&S®HMO1202 series CH1, CH2, POD, Ext.In
with auto level adjustable between peak values of a signal
Analog Channels without auto level ±5 Div (from center of screen)
Y-bandwidth (-3 dB) external -5 V to +5 V
(1 mV, 2 mV)/Div Trigger Coupling
R&S®HMO1002 series 50 MHz AC
R&S®HMO1202 series 100 MHz
R&S®HMO1002 series <5 mV/Div: 10 Hz to 65 MHz
(5 mV bis 10 V)/Div >5 mV/Div: 10 Hz to 65/90/130 MHz

R&S®HMO1002 50 MHz R&S®HMO1202 series <5 mV/Div: 10 Hz to 130 MHz

R&S®HMO1072 70 MHz >5 mV/Div: 10 Hz to 130/220/300 MHz
R&S®HMO1102 100 MHz
DC
R&S®HMO1212 100 MHz
R&S®HMO1222 200 MHz R&S®HMO1002 series <5 mV/Div: DC to 65 MHz
R&S®HMO1232 300 MHz >5 mV/Div: DC to 65/90/130 MHz
Lower AC bandwidth 2 Hz R&S®HMO1202 series <5 mV/Div: DC to 130 MHz
Bandwidth limitation >5 mV/Div: DC to 130/220/300 MHz
(switchable) about 20 MHz
HF
Rise time (calculated, 10% to 90%)
R&S®HMO1002 series <5 mV/Div: 30 kHz to 65 MHz
R&S®HMO1002 (50 MHz) <7 ns >5 mV/Div: 30 kHz to 65/90/130 MHz
R&S®HMO1072 (70 MHz) <5 ns
R&S®HMO1102 (100 MHz) <3.5 ns R&S®HMO1202 series <5 mV/Div: 30 kHz to 130 MHz
R&S®HMO1212 (100 MHz) <3.5 ns >5 mV/Div: 30 kHz to 130/220/300 MHz
R&S®HMO1222 (200 MHz) <1.75 ns selectable filters
R&S®HMO1232 (300 MHz) <1.15 ns
LF DC to 5 kHz (-3 db), selectable in DC and auto
DC gain accuracy
level mode
(all ranges) 3% of full scale
Input sensitivity range noise rejection min. level: 1.5 Div (> 5 mV/Div)
selectable with AC, DC and HF coupling
all analog channels 1 mV/Div to 10 V/Div
coarse stepping 13 calibrated steps, 1-2-5 sequence Trigger hold-off auto, 50 ns to 10 s

variable stepping freely between calibrated steps External Input (BNC)

Impedance Function ext. trigger input, additional digital channel

Impedance 1 MΩ || 16 pF ±2 pF
R&S®HMO1002 series 1 MΩ II 16 pF ±2 pF
R&S®HMO1202 series 1 MΩ II 16 pF ±2 pF, 50 Ω (switchable) Acurracy 300 mVss

Coupling DC, AC, GND Trigger level range -5 V bis +5 V

63
1
Technical Data

Technical Data

Max. input voltage 100 Vs (derates at 20 db/decade to 5 V above Trigger types by protocols
100 kHz) I2C Start, Stop, ACK, NACK, Address/Data
Trigger coupling SPI Start, End, Serial Pattern (32 Bit)
AC UART/RS-232 Startbit, Frame Start, Symbol, Pattern

R&S®HMO1002 series 10 Hz to 50/70/100 MHz LIN Frame Start, Wake Up, Identifier, Data, Error
R&S®HMO1202 series 10 Hz to 100/200/300 MHz CAN Frame Start, Frame End, Identifier, Data, Error
Horizontal System
DC

Technical Data
Time domain (Yt) main screen, time domain and zoom window
R&S®HMO1002 series DC to 50/70/100 MHz
R&S®HMO1202 series DC to 100/200/300 MHz Frequency domain (FFT) time domain and frequency domain window
(FFT)
Trigger Output via AUX OUT (BNC)
XY mode voltage (XY)
Functions Pulse output for every acquisition trigger
event, error output on mask violation VirtualScreen virtual display of ±10 Div for all math, logic,
bus, reference signals
Output level approx. 3 V
Component tester voltage (X), current (Y)
Pulse polarity positive
Reference signals up to 4 references
Pulse width >150 ns (trigger event), Channel deskew ±32 ns, step size 2 ns
>0.5 µs (mask violation)
Memory zoom up to 50.000 : 1
Trigger Types
Time base
Edge
accuracy ±50.0 x 10-6
Direction rising, falling, both
aging ±10.0 x 10-6 per year
Trigger coupling auto level AC, DC, HF
Operation modes
Switchable filters LF, noise rejection
REFRESH
Sources
R&S®HMO1002 series 2 ns/Div to 50 s/Div
R&S®HMO1002, all analog and digital channels, AC line, R&S®HMO1202 series 1 ns/Div to 50 s/Div
R&S®HMO1202 external (AC, DC)
ROLL 50 ms/Div to 50 s/Div
Pulse Width
Acquisition System
Polarity positive, negative
Realtime Sampling Rate
Functions equal, not equal, lower, higher, within/without
Analog channels
a range
R&S®HMO1002 series 2x 500 MSa/s or 1x 1 GSa/s
Pulse duration 16ns to 10s, resolution min. 2ns
R&S®HMO1202 series 2x 1 GSa/s or 1x 2 GSa/s
Sources all analog channels
Logic Logic channels

Functions R&S®HMO1002 series 8x 500 MSa/s

boolean operators AND, OR, TRUE, FALSE R&S®HMO1202 series 8x 1 GSa/s

time based operators equal, not equal, lower, higher, within/without Memory depth
a time range, timeout Analog channels
Duration 16 ns to 10 s, resolution min. 2 ns
R&S®HMO1002 series 2x 500 kSa or 1x 1 MSa
States H, L, X R&S®HMO1202 series 2x 1 MSa or 1x 2 MSa
Sources all logic channels
Logic channels
Video
R&S®HMO1002 series 500 kSa per channel
Sync. pulse polarity positive, negative R&S®HMO1202 series 1 MSa per channel
Supported standards NTSC, SECAM, PAL, PAL-M, SDTV 576i, Resolution 8 Bit, (HiRes up to 16Bit)
HDTV 720p, HDTV 1080i, HDTV 1080p
Waveform arithmetics refresh, roll (loose/triggered), average (up to
Field even/odd, either 1024), envelope, peak detect (2 ns), filter (low-
Line line number selectable, all pass, adjustable), high resolution (up to 16 bit)

Sources all analog channels, external (AC, DC) Record modes automatic, max. sampling rate,
Serial Busses (optional) max. waveform rate
Bus representation Up to two busses can be analyzed at the Interpolation
same time. Color-coded display of decoded
all analog channels sin(x)/x, linear, sample-hold
data in ASCII, binary, decimal and
hexadecimal format. logic channels pulse
Option / Voucher codes Delay
R&S®HOO10, R&S®HV110 Analysis of I2C, SPI, UART/RS-232 signals on pre-trigger
analog and logic channels
R&S®HMO1002 series 0 to 500.000 Sa x (1/sample rate)
R&S®HOO11, R&S®HV111 Analysis of I2C, SPI, UART/RS-232 signals on R&S®HMO1202 series 0 to 1.000.000 Sa x (1/sample rate)
all analog channels (multiplied by 2 in interlaced mode)

R&S®HOO12, R&S®HV112 Analysis of CAN and LIN signals on analog post-trigger 0 to 8x106 Sa x (1/sample rate)
and logic channels Waveform update rate up to 10,000 Wfm/s

64

2
 Technical Data
Technical Data

Waveform display dots, vectors, persistence afterglow FFT length 2 Kpts, 4 Kpts, 8 Kpts, 16 Kpts, 32 Kpts, 64
Persistence afterglow min. 50 ms Kpts, 128 Kpts

Waveform Measurements and Operation Window Hanning, Hamming, Rectangular, Blackman

Operation menu-driven (multilingual), auto-set, help Scale dBm, dBV, Vrms

functions (multilingual) Waveform arithmetics refresh, envelope, average (up to 512)

Automatic measurements voltage (Vpp, Vp+, Vp-, Vrms, Vavg, Vmin, Vmax), Cursor measurement 2 horizontal cursors, previous / next peak
amplitude, phase, frequency, period, rise/fall search
time (80%, 90%), pulse width (pos/neg), Sources all analog channels
burst width, duty cycle (pos/neg), standard
Probe Adjust Output
deviation, delay, crest factor, overshoot (pos/
neg), edge/pulse count (pos/neg), trigger Operation manual, adjust-wizzard
period, trigger frequency Frequence 1 kHz, 1 MHz

Technical Data
Cursor measurements voltage (V1, V2, ∆V), time (t1, t2, ∆t, 1/∆t), Level
ratio X, ratio Y, pulse and edge count (pos/ R&S®HMO1002 series approx. 2.5 Vpp (ta <4 ns)
neg), peak values (Vpp, Vp+, Vp-), Vmean, Vrms, R&S®HMO1202 series approx. 2.5 Vpp (ta <1 ns)
standard deviation, duty cycle (pos/neg), rise/
fall time (80%, 90%), ratio marker, crest factor Pattern Generator
Quick measurements voltage (Vpp, Vp+, Vp-, Vrms, Vmean), rise/fall Functions square wave / probe adjust, bus signal source,
(QUICKVIEW) time, frequency, period plus 6 additional counter, programmable pattern
measurement functions (see automatic
measurement functions, freely selectable) Square wave frequency range: <1 mHz to 500 kHz
(Probe ADJ output) level: 2.5 Vpp (ta <4 ns)
Marker up to 8 freely positionable markers for easy polarity: normal, invert
navigation duty cycle: 1% to 99%
Frequency Counter (hardware based) Bus Signal Source (4 Bit) I2C (100 kBit/s, 400 kBit/s, 1 MBit/s), SPI
Resolution 5 digit (100 kBit/s, 250 kBit/s, 1 MBit/s), UART
(9600 Bit/s, 115,2 kBit/s, 1 MBit/s),
Frequency range CAN (up to 50 MBits/s),
R&S®HMO1002 0.5 Hz bis 50/70/100 MHz LIN (up to 50 MBits/s)
R&S®HMO1202 0.5 Hz bis 100/200/300 MHz Counter (4 Bit) frequency: <1 mHz to 25 MHz
Accuracy ±50.0 x 10-6 direction: incrementing, decrementing

Aging ±10.0 x 10-6 per year Programmable pattern sampling time: 20 ns to 42 s

Mask Testing (4 Bit) memory depth: 2048 sa
pattern idle time: 20 ns to 42 s
Functions Pass/Fail comparison with an user-definied
Function Generator
mask performed on waveforms
Waveform modes DC, sine, square, triangle/ramp, pulse
Sources all analog channels
Sine frequency range: 0.1 Hz to 50 kHz
Mask definition Mask enclosing acquired waveform with user- flatness: ±1 dB relative to 1 kHz
defined tolerance DC offset: max. ±3 V
Actions
Square frequency range: 0.1 Hz to 25 kHz
on mask violations beep, acquisition stop, screenshot, trigger rise time: <4 µs
pulse, automatically saving trace data DC offset: max. ±3 V

during acquisiton statistics: number of completed tests, number Triangle / Ramp frequency range: 0,1 Hz bis 10 kHz
of passes / failed acquisitions (absolute and in DC offset: max. ±3 V
percent), test duration
Pulse frequency range: 0.1 Hz to 10 kHz
Waveform Maths duty cycle: 10% to 90%
DC offset: max. ±3 V
Quickmath
Functions addition, substraction, multiplication, division Sampling rate 978 kSa/s
Sources CH1, CH2 Frequency accuracy ±50.0 x 10-6
Mathematics (R&S®HMO1202 series) Aging ±10.0 x 10-6 per year
Functions addition, substraction, multiplication, division, Amplitude
minimum / maximum, square, square root, DC ±3 V
absolute value, pos/neg wave, reciprocal,
inverse, log10/ln, derivation, integration, filter DC offset error (meas.) ±25 mV (max.)
(lowpass/highpass) high impedance load 60 mVpp to 6 Vpp
Editing formula editor, menu-driven 50 Ω load 30 mVpp to 3 Vpp
Sources all analog channels, user-defined constants accuracy 3%
Storage location math. memory Digital Voltmeter
Number of formula sets 5 formula sets
Display (3-digit) Primary and secondary measurement value
Number of equations 5 equations per formula set per channel, simultaneous measuring on all
Simultaneous display of channels
math. functions 1 formula set with max. 4 equations
Functions DC, DCrms, ACrms, Vpp, Vp+, Vp-, crest factor
Frequency Analysis (FFT)
Sources all analog channels
Parameters frequency span, center frequency, vertical
scale, vertical position

65
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Technical Data

Component Tester Bandwidth Upgrades R&S®HMO1002 Series

Parameters voltage (X), current (Y) Description Option Code Voucher Code
Testing frequency 50 Hz, 200 Hz Bandwidth upgrade
Voltage 10 Vp (open) 50 MHz to 70 MHz R&S®HOO572 R&S®HV572
Current 10 mA (short) Bandwidth upgrade
Reference potential Ground (PE) 50 MHz to 100 MHz R&S®HOO512 R&S®HV512
Interfaces Bandwidth upgrade
70 MHz to 100 MHz R&S®HOO712 R&S®HV712
for mass storage 1x USB host (type A), max. 500 mA
  (FAT16/32)
for remote control Ethernet (RJ45), USB device (type B) Bandwidth Upgrades R&S®HMO1202 Series
General Data Description Option Code Voucher Code
Application memory 3 MB for references and device settings Bandwidth upgrade 100 MHz
Save / Recall to 200 MHz R&S®HOO312 R&S®HV312

device settings on internal file system or external USB Bandwidth upgrade 100 MHz
memory, available file formats: SCP, HDS to 300 MHz R&S®HOO313 R&S®HV313
reference waveforms on internal file system or external USB Bandwidth upgrade 200 MHz
memory, available file formats: to 300 MHz R&S®HOO323 R&S®HV323
BIN (MSB/LSB), FLT (MSB/LSB), CSV, TXT, 
HRT

Technical Data
traces
on external USB memory, available file Bus Analysis Options
formats: BIN (MSB/LSB), FLT (MSB/LSB),  Description Option Code Voucher Code
CSV, TXT
I2C, SPI, UART/RS-232 on analog and
data display or acquisition data digital channels R&S®HOO10 R&S®HV110
sources single or all analog channels I2C, SPI, UART/RS-232 on all analog
channels R&S®HOO11 R&S®HV111
screenshots on external USB memory, available file
formats: BMP, GIF, PNG CAN und LIN on analog and digital
(color, inverted, grey-scale) channels R&S®HOO12 R&S®HV112
Realtime clock (RTC) date and time
Power supply
AC supply 100 V to 240 V, 50 Hz to 60 Hz, CAT-II
power consumption

R&S®HMO1002 max. 25 W
R&S®HMO1202 max. 30 W

Safety in line with IEC 61010-1 (ed. 3), IEC 61010-2-

30 (ed. 1), EN 61010-1, EN 61010-2-030 ,
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1-12 , CAN/ Accessories included:
CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-2-030-12 ,UL Std. No. Line cord, printed operating manual, 2x HZ154 probes (R&S®HMO1002) or
61010-1 (3rd Edition) , UL61010-2-030 2x RT-ZP03 probes (R&S®HMO1202), HZ20 adapter: BNC plug to 4 mm
Temperature banana sockets
operating temp. range +5 °C to +40 °C
Accessories:
storage temperature range -20 °C to +70 °C
HO3508 8 channel logic probe (350 MHZ, 4 pF)
Rel. humidity 5% to 80% (without condensation) HZ115 Differential Probe 100 : 1/1000 : 1
Mechanical data HZO20 High voltage probe 1000 : 1 (400 MHz, 1000 Vrms)
HZO30   1 GHz active probe (0.9 pF, 1 MΩ)
  dimensions (W x H x D) 285 x 175 x 140 mm
HZO40    Active differential probe 200 MHz (10 : 1, 3.5 pF, 1 MΩ)
net weight 1.7 kg HZO41    Active differential probe 800 MHz (10 : 1, 1 pF, 200 kΩ)
EMC HZO50 AC/DC Current Probe 30 A, DC to 100 kHz
HZO51 AC/DC Current Probe 100/1000 A, DC to 20 kHz
RF emission in line with CISPR 11/EN 55011 class B HZ51   150 MHz passive probe 10 : 1 (12 pF, 10 MΩ)
Immunity in line with IEC/EN 61326-1 table 2, immunity HZ52   250 MHz passive probe 10 : 1 (10 pF, 10 MΩ)
test requirements for industrial environments. HZ53   100 MHz passive probe 100 : 1 (4.5 pF, 100 MΩ)
Test criterion is displayed noise level within HZO90 Carrying case for protection and transport
±1 div for 5 mV/div input sensitivity HZO91 4 RU 19” rackmount kit

All specifications at 23°C after 30 minutes warm-up

Measured value (meas.): characterizes an expected product performance by

means of measurement results gained from individual samples.

4
66
 Appendix

16 Appendix
Fig. 9.12: Digital Voltmeter.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Fig. 10.1: Arbitrary menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Fig. 10.2: Arbitrary pattern setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Fig. 11.1: Basic menu for instrument settings. . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Fig. 11.2: Storing instrument settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
16.1 List of figures Fig. 11.3: Storage menu for references. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Fig. 1.1: Operating positions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Fig. 11.4: Trace storage menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Fig. 1.2: Product labeling in accordance with EN 50419. . . . 6 Fig. 11.5: Supported printer example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Fig. 2.1: Frontview of the R&S®HMO1202. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Fig. 11.6: Screenshot module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Fig. 2.2: Control panel of section A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Fig. 11.7: Definition of FILE/PRINT key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Fig. 2.3: Control panels of sections B, C and D. . . . . . . . . . . 9 Fig. 12.1: Optional logic probe R&S®HO3508 . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Fig. 2.4: UPGRADE menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Fig. 12.2: 8 Bit DAC signal change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Fig. 2.5: Manual input of the license key. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Fig. 13.1: Menu for the definition of buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Fig. 2.6: Self alignment successful. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Fig. 13.2: Example I2C BUS with BUS table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Fig. 2.7: Self alignment logic probe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Fig. 13.3: Example PARALLEL BUS with BUS table. . . . . . . 48
Fig. 2.8: Back panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Fig. 13.4: I2C 7-Bit-Adress. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Fig. 3.1: Control panel of section A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Fig. 13.5: I2C Read/Wrtie trigger menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Fig. 3.2: Screen display after connection of the probe . . . . 13 Fig. 13.6: I2C BUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Fig. 3.3: Screen display after changing to DC coupling. . . . 13 Fig. 13.7: I2C BUS Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Fig. 3.4: Screen display after Autosetup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Fig. 13.8: Simple configuration of SPI BUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Fig. 3.5: Section D of the control panel with zoom key. . . . 13 Fig. 13.9: Menu for the definition of a SPI bus. . . . . . . . . . . 51
Fig. 3.6: ZOOM function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Fig. 13.10: Example SSPI BUS table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Fig. 3.7: Quick View parameter measurement. . . . . . . . . . . 14 Fig. 13.11: UART bit sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Fig. 3.8: Selection of parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Fig. 13.12: Trigger menu UART data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Fig. 3.9: Save/Recall menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Fig. 13.13: Page 2|2 UART BUS setup menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Fig. 3.10: Screenshot menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Fig. 13.14: UART trigger menu page 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Fig. 4.1: Control panel for the vertical system. . . . . . . . . . . 16 Fig. 13.15: Example UART BUS table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Fig. 4.1: Short menu for vertical settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Fig. 13.16: CAN BUS configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Fig. 4.2: Probe compensation wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Fig. 13.17: CAN BUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Fig. 4.3: Name selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Fig. 13.18: Example CAN BUS table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Fig. 5.1: Control panel of the horizontal system. . . . . . . . . . 18 Fig. 13.19: LIN byte structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Fig. 5.2: AM modulated signal with maximum repeat rate.19 Fig. 13.20: LIN BUS menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Fig. 5.3: Example figure of AM modulated signal with max. Fig. 13.21: LIN data trigger menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
sampling rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Fig. 13.22: LIN BUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Fig. 5.4: Example figure of AM modulated signal with auto- Fig. 13.23: Example LIN BUS table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
matic setting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Fig. 14.1: NI-VISA 5.4.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Fig. 5.5: Zoom function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Fig. 14.2: NI-VISA installation instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Fig. 5.6: Marker in Zoom mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Fig. 14.3: NI-VISA feature installation locally. . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Fig. 6.1: Control panel for the trigger system. . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Fig. 14.4: Setup menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Fig. 6.2: Filter settings of edge trigger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Fig. 14.5: Interface menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Fig. 6.3: Logic trigger menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Fig. 14.6: Interface parameter menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Fig. 6.4: Logic channels’ settings display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Fig. 14.7: Instrument driver installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Fig. 6.5: Video trigger menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Fig. 14.8: Device manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Fig. 6.6: External trigger signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Fig. 14.9: Device manager display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Fig. 7.1: Drawing of the virtual screen area. . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Fig. 14.9: Ethernet-settings dialog box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Fig. 7.2: Persistence function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Fig. 14.10: Folder display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Fig. 8.1: Cursor measurement setting menu. . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Fig. 14.11: Folder display with USB stick. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Fig. 8.2: Auto measurement setting menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Fig. 14.12: Folder structure of LIVE DATA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Fig. 9.1: Example of a mathematical waveform. . . . . . . . . . 32
Fig. 9.2: Quick Mathematics menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Fig. 9.3: Formula editor for formula sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Fig. 9.4: Entry of constants and units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 16.2 Glossary
Fig. 9.5: Definition of the current equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 A
Fig. 9.6: Definition of the power equation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 AC coupling: 16
Fig. 9.7: FFT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 attenuation: 16
Fig. 9.8: PASS/FAIL mask test.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 AVERAGE: 18, 35
Fig. 9.9: HZ20 adapter connected to AUX OUT. . . . . . . . . . 37
Fig. 9.10: Component test example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 B
Fig. 9.11: Excamples of Component test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Blackman window function: 35

67
Appendix

brightness: 25, 26, 27 P

bus analysis: 10, 17, 46 Pass/Fail test: 8, 36
BUS configuration: 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 55, 56 pattern depth: 39
BUS signal: 9, 40 pattern generator: 39, 40
BUS Signal Source: 40 peak detection: 19, 20
BUS type: 45, 46, 47, 50 peak voltage: 14, 16, 36
C Persistence mode: 27
CAN bus: 53 polarity: 25, 37, 39, 54
component tester: 5, 37, 38 probe attenuation detection: 16
component test mode: 9 probe compensation: 13, 17, 39
crest factor: 28, 29 pulse trigger: 23, 24
CVBS signal: 25 pulse width: 14, 23, 24, 30, 36

D Q
DC coupling: 13, 16, 23 Quick Mathematics: 32
digital voltmeter: 38 Quick view: 8, 14, 36
duty cycle: 14, 39
R
E rectangle function: 35
edge trigger: 23 resistance: 5
Education Mode: 12 resistance measurement: 5
ENVELOPE: 18, 35 RMS: 14, 28, 29, 36, 38
Ethernet: 10, 12, 57, 61
S
F sampling frequency: 18
Fall time: 35 sampling rate: 9, 18, 19, 20, 21, 42, 46
frequency interferences: 18 screen displays: 8, 15, 38, 41
function generator: 5, 39 screenshot: 12, 15, 43, 44
Self Alignment: 11
G semiconductors: 37
Grayscale mode: 10 signal amplitude: 29, 30, 39
signal source: 16
H signal voltage: 25
Hamming/Hanning window function: 35 SPI bus: 50, 51
Hold off time: 22 square wave signal: 13, 29
standard deviation: 28, 30
I
I2C bus: 48 T
interlace mode: 21 threshold: 17, 24, 28, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 55
trigger conditions: 9, 18, 22, 23, 25, 49, 51, 53, 54, 56
L trigger event: 17, 22, 25, 26, 51, 53
licence key: 11, 46 trigger level: 9, 17, 23, 24
LIN bus: 55 trigger modes: 22
Lissajous: 27 trigger signal: 9, 22, 23, 31
logic channels: 44, 45, 46, 48 trigger slope: 9
logic mode: 24 trigger source: 21, 22, 24, 31
logic probe: 8, 9, 11, 22, 24, 44 , 46 trigger time: 18, 21, 24, 46, 51
Logic Trigger: 24, 44 trigger type: 9, 22, 23, 24, 26, 52
low pass filter: 16, 18, 23, 33
U
M UART bus: 52
mask test: 8, 36 UART trigger settings: 53
mathematical graph: 15 USB interface: 12, 61
maximum repeat rate: 19, 20 USB port: 8, 10, 11
measurement categories: 5 USB TMC class: 57, 58
measurement source: 30
memory depth: 19, 20, 21 V
mixed-signal operation: 11 video modulation: 25
V marker: 14, 28, 46

68
Appendix

69
Appendix

70
Appendix

71
© 2017 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
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Subject to change – Data without tolerance limits is not binding.
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Trade names are trademarks of the owners.

5800.5301.02 │ Version 04 │R&S®HMO1x02 Serie

The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual: R&S®HMO1x02 Serie is abbreviated as R&S HMO1x02 Serie.