Name :Olivia Christhy

Class :1EA19
NPM :15216680

Direct and Inderect Speech(Softskill-2)

1.Definition
Spoken and written communication is like one big game of telephone. Sometimes we hear the
original tale, and other times we hear a retelling of the story. In this lesson, we're going to
explore what that means by studying the difference between direct and indirect speech and
learning proper grammar techniques for both.

Direct Speech

Direct speech, also known as quoted speech, consists of words or phrases that are taken directly
from the source. These words are quoted or written exactly as the words were originally spoken.

With regards to direct speech, there is no interpretation or annotation; the words are taken
directly from one source and repeated to another. In other words, we take the words directly from
the speaker and repeat them exactly as they were originally stated.

2.Explanation
Indirect speech, also known as reported speech, is when words or phrases are reported in our
own words. The original words are modified and or interpreted as opposed to being quoted.

When talking about indirect speech, we use words that refer to something that has already
happened. To do so, we are speaking in the past tense and are summarizing, modifying, or
synthesizing what has already been said.

Tenses

No DIRECT INDIRECT

1 Simple Present Simple past

2 Present Continuous Past Continuous

3 Present Perfect Past Perfect

4 Present Perfect Continous Past Perfect Continous

5 Simple Past Past Perfect

6 Past continuous Past continuous

7 Past perfect Past perfect

8 Past perfect continuous Past perfect continuous

9 Simple Future Past Future

10 Future Continuous Past future continuous

11 Future Perfect Past Future Perfect

12 Future Perfect Continuous Past Future Perfect Continuous

Time

No DIRECT INDIRECT

1 Now Then

2 Tomorrow The following day

3 Yesterday The day before

4 Next week The following week

5 Tonight/Today That night/That day

6 Here There

7 This That

8 These Those

Converting Direct Speech Into Indirect Speech

When we use direct speech, we are repeating what was said. When we use indirect speech, we
report what was said. Look at the examples below to learn how to change speech from direct to
indirect. These examples will also reinforce the difference between direct and indirect speech.
Changing From Present Tense to Past Tense

When converting speech from direct to indirect, you must change the present tense verbs to the
past tense and remove any quotation marks or commas.

Direct Speech (Present Tense) Indirect Speech (Past Tense)

Jenn says, ''I love watching TV.'' Jenn said she loved watching TV.

Changing From Simple Past Tense to Past Perfect Tense

What if the direct speech is already written in the past tense? If the sentence is written in simple
past tense, you just remove the punctuation and change the verb to past perfect to make it
indirect speech.

Direct Speech (Simple Past Tense) Indirect Speech (Past Perfect Tense)

Lana said, ''I saw him at the mall.'' Lana said she had seen him at the mall.

Changing Speech in the Form of a Question

What if direct speech is in the form of a question? For example: ''Do you want to go on a trip to
Europe?'' To make a direct question indirect, follow the same tense change rules as before, add
'asked me' to signify reporting a question, and keep the question word.

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

''Do you want to go on a trip to Europe?'' She asked me if I wanted to go on a trip to Europe.

Do you see the changes? The sentence was changed to past tense and the word 'want' was
changed to wanted to signify what was asked in the original question. Let's try one more
example.

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Lisa asked, ''What did you eat for lunch?'' Lisa asked me what I ate for lunch.

To change this question to indirect speech, we changed the verb to past tense and kept the
question word.
 3.Example
1. D : She says to her friend, “ I have been reading “
I : She says to her friend that he has been reading
2. D : He will say, “ The girl wasn’t ugly “
I : He will tell them that the girl wasn’t ugly
3. D : Reza said, “ I’m very sleepy “
I : Reza said that he was very sleepy
4. D : He has told you, “ I am writing “
I : He has told you that he is writing
5. D : Mother said to her son, “ study hard “
I : Mothe advised her son to study hard
6. D : My friend said to me, “ I don’t like football “
I : My friend said to me that he didn’t like football
7. D : She said, “ I didn’t go to campus
I : She said that she hadn’t gone to campus this morning
8. D : Rikza says, “ I have seen that movies “
I : Rikza says that she has seen that movies
9. D : Mother asked her, “ Don’t go there alone “
I : Mother asked her not to go there alone
10. D : Father asked robi, “ Don’t smoke too much “
I : Father asked robi not to smoke too much

4.Exercises
Did they eat out together yesterday?

a. He asked me if they had eaten out yesterday.

b. He asked me if they had eaten out together the day before.
c. He asked me if they has eaten out together the day before.
d. He asked me if they have eaten out together the day before.

2. Don’t turn off the light now.

a. He told me don’t turn off the light at that time.

b. He told me not to turn off the light at that time.
c. He told me didn’t turn off the light at that time.
d. He told me didn’t turn off the light at now.
3. What’s your passion?

a. She wanted to know what is my passion.

b. She wanted to know what was my passion.
c. She wanted to know what my passion was.
d. She wanted to know what was my passion.

4. I begin to understand the concept of biodiversity.

a. He asked me that he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.

b. He wanted to know if he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
c. He said that he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
d. He said that I began to understand the concept of biodiversity.

5. Your friend has just left.

a. He told me that your friend had just left.

b. He told me that my friend has just left.
c. He told me that my friend had just left.
d. He told me that my friend have just left.

6. Can I borrow your pencil for a moment?

a. She asked me if she can borrow my pencil for a moment.

b. She asked me whether she can borrow my pencil for a moment.
c. She asked me whether she could borrow my pencil for a moment.
d. She asked me whether I could borrow her pencil for a moment.

7. Why are you staring at my feet?

a. He asked her why she is staring at his feet.

b. He asked her why she was staring at his feet.
c. He asked her why was she staring at his feet.
d. He asked her why is she staring at his feet.

8. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

a. He said that the sun rose in the east and sets in the west.
b. He said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
c. He asked if the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
d. He said that the sun rise in the east and set in the west.

9. I’m going to meet my penpal for the first time tomorrow.

a. She said she was going to meet her penpal for the first time the next day.
b. She said she was going to meet my penpal for the first time tomorrow.
c. She said she was going to meet her penpal for the first time tomorrow.
d. She said she is going to meet her penpal for the first time the next day.

10. We have been here for a week.

a. They said they had been there for a week.

b. They said they had been here for a week.
c. They said we had been there for a week.
d. They said they has been here for a week.

11. Who is sitting beside Tom?

a. He asked me who was sitting beside Tom that time.

b. He asked me was sitting beside Tom that time.
c. He asked me who is sitting beside Tom.
d. He asked me who is Tom sitting beside.

12. Please wait for me at the bus stop.

a. Endy told me to wating her at the bus stop.
b. Endy told me waited for her at the bus stop that time.
c. Endy told me waited for me at the bus stop that time.
d. Endy told me waits for her at the bus stop that time.

13. Window-shopping is my favorite hobby.

a. Septi said that window-shopping is her favorite hobby.

b. Septi said that if window-shopping was my favorite hobby.
c. Septi said that window-shopping was my favorite hobby.
d. Septi said that window-shopping was her favorite hobby.

14. I ate some beef burgers yesterday.

a. Jean said that she have eat some beef burgers the day before.
b. Jean said that she has ate some beef burgers the day before.
c. Jean said that she had been eaten some beef burgers the day before.
d. Jean said that she had been eat some beef burgers yesterday.

15. This is the bag which I bought yesterday.

a. He said that was the bag which he had been bought the day before.
b. He said that was the bag which I bought the day before.
c. He said that the bag was which he had buy the day before.
d. He said that was the bag which I had been bought the day before.
5.Refrences

http://triicecsfabregas.blogspot.co.id/2012/03/direct-and-indirect-speech.html

https://www.google.com/search?q=SOAL+DIRECT+AND+INDERECT&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-
8&client=firefox-b-ab

https://www.google.com/search?q=DIRECT+DAN+INDERECT+ADALAH&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-
8&client=firefox-b-ab

https://www.google.com/search?q=EXAMPLE+OF+DIRECT+AND+INDIRECT&ie=utf-
8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b-ab