CAPE PURE MATHEMATICS

UNIT 1 PAPER 02
MARK SCHEME 2018

1
 Question 1

p q ¬p ¬q (p ∨ q) ¬(p ∨ q) ¬p ∧ ¬q
T T F F T F F
(a) (i) T F F T T F F
F T T F T F F
F F T T F T T
.| {z }.
CAO (1) (1) (1) (1) [4 marks]

(ii) Since the last two columns are equal, ¬(p∨q) ≡ ¬p∧¬q are equivalent.
[1 mark]

[Total 5 marks]

(b) a ⊕ b = 2a + 3b.
(i) 5 ⊕ 2 = 10 + 6 = 16. [1 mark]

(ii) R is closed under ⊕ if a ⊕ b ∈ R for all a, b ∈ R. SOI. [1 mark]


If, a ∈ R then 2a ∈ R
[1 mark]
If, b ∈ R then 3b ∈ R

⇒ 2a + 3b ∈ R [1 mark]

Hence R is closed under ⊕

(iii) a ⊕ b = 2a + 3b
b ⊕ a = 2b + 3a [1 mark]

a ⊕ b 6= b ⊕ a [1 mark]

∴ ⊕ is not commutative
[1 mark]
[Total 7 marks]

(c) (2x + a)(x − 1)(bx + 1) = cx3 + 10x2 − 2x − 10

2bx3 + 2x2 − 2bx2 − 2x + abx2 + ax − abx − a = cx3 + 10x2 − 2x − 10
2bx3 + x2 (2 − 2b + ab) + x(a − 2 − ab) − a = cx3 + 10x2 − 2x − 10
[1+1 marks]
2b = c [1 mark]
a = 10
[1 mark]

2 − 2b + ab = 10 [1 mark]
2
 or
a − 2 − ab = −2
∴ 10 − 2 − 10b = −2
⇒ 10 = 10b and hence b = 1 [1 mark]
From 2b = c it is also clear that c = (2)(1) = 2 [1 mark]

[Total 7 marks]

(d) log4 (2x + 2) − log2 (x + 1) = 1

log (x+1)
4
log4 (2x + 2) − log = 1 # consider converting to base 2 as alternative [1 Mark]
4 (2)

log4 (2x + 2) − 2log4 (x + 1) = 1 [1 Mark]

(2x+2)
log4 2 = 1 = log4 4 [1 Mark]
(x+1)

2x+2 = 4 [1 Mark]
(x+1)2

2 = 4 ⇒ 2 = 4x + 4 [1 Mark]
(x+1)

x = − 21 [1 Mark]

[Total 6 Marks]

3
CAPE PURE MATHEMATICS
UNIT 1 PAPER 02
MARK SCHEME 2018

1
 Question 2
(a) (i) Sketch of inverse [2 marks]

(ii) bijective using graph [3 marks]

[Total 5 Marks]

(b) (i) |x − y| 6 |x − z|+ |z − y| for all x, y ∈ R

x−y =x+z−z−y [1 mark]
=(x − z) + (z − y) [1 mark]
=⇒ |x − y| = |(x − z) + (z − y)| 
Now if (x − z) < 0, |x − z| ≥ x − z otherwise |x − z| = x − z
[1 mark]
A similar argument holds for (z − y)
 
∴ |x − y| 6 |x − z| + |z − y| = |x − z| + |z − y|
 
[1 mark]

(ii) |6x − 2| + x2 6 5
|6x − 2| 6 5 − x2 [1 mark]
case 1 : 6x − 26 5 − x2 [1 mark]
x2 + 6x − 760 [1 mark]
(x+7)(x-1)6 0
-76 x61 [1 mark]
case 2: −(6x − 2)6 5 − x2 [1 mark]
x2 − 6x − 360 [1 mark]
−0.46 6 x 6 6.5 [1 mark]

The solution is -0.466 x 6 1 [1 mark]

[Total 12 Marks]

2
(c) 2x3 − x2 + 1 = 0.
α + β + γ = 12 [1 mark]

αβ + αγ + βγ = 0
[1 mark]
αβγ = − 12
2
1 + 1 + 1 = β 2 γ 2 +γ 2 α2 +β 2 α2 = (βα+βγ+γα) −2αβγ(α+βγ) [1 mark]
α2 β2 γ2 α2 γ 2 β 2 (αγβ)2

0−2( −1 1
2 )2 = 2
1 [1 mark]
4
2
1 1 + 1 1 + 1 1 = α2 +β 2 +γ 2 = (α+β+γ) −2(αβ+αγ+βγ)
α2 β 2 α2 γ 2 β2 γ2 α2 γ 2 β 2 α2 β 2 γ 2 [1 mark]
1
4 =1
1
4 [1 mark]

1 = 11 = 4
2 2
α β γ 2
4 [1 mark]

∴ The equation is x3 − 2x2 + x − 4 = 0 [1 mark]

[Total 8 marks]

3
CAPE PURE MATHEMATICS
UNIT 1 PAPER 02
MARK SCHEME 2018

1
 Question 3
(a) (i) sin 2θ−cos 2θ+1
cos 2θ+sin 2θ−1 = sec 2θ + tan 2θ
L.H.S= sin 2θ−cos 2θ+1
cos 2θ+sin 2θ−1
(sin 2θ−cos 2θ+1)(cos 2θ+sin 2θ+1)
= (cos 2θ+sin 2θ−1)(cos 2θ+sin 2θ+1)
(sin 2θ+1−cos 2θ)(sin 2θ+1+cos 2θ)
= (cos 2θ+sin 2θ−1)(cos 2θ+sin 2θ+1) [1 mark]

(sin 2θ+1)2 −cos2 2θ

= [1 mark]
(cos 2θ+sin 2θ)2 −1

= sin2 2θ+2 sin 2θ+1−cos2 2θ [1 mark]

cos2 2θ+2 cos 2θ sin 2θ+sin2 2θ−1

2 2θ+2 sin 2θ
= 2 sin
2 cos 2θ sin 2θ [1 mark]

2 sin 2θ(sin 2θ+1)

= 2 cos 2θ sin 2θ [1 mark]

= sin 2θ+1
cos 2θ [1 mark]

sin 2θ + 1
= cos [1 mark]
2θ cos 2θ

= sec 2θ + tan 2θ=R.H.S [1 mark]

sin θ−cos θ+1 = 0
(ii) cos θ+sin θ−1
=⇒ sec θ + tan θ = 0 [1 mark]
sin θ+1 = 0
cos θ [1 mark]
1 + sin θ = 0 =⇒ sin θ = −1 [1 mark]

θ = − π2 [1 mark]
∴ the general solution is nπ + (−1)n+1 π2 [1 mark]
[Total 13 marks]

2
(b) cos A = 35 , sin B = 43
 2
(i) sin A = 25 or (1 − 53 )
2 16 [1 mark]
sin A = 54 [1 mark]
sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A = 2( 45 )( 35 ) = 24
25 [1 mark]
 2
7 or (1 −
(ii) cos2 B = 16 3 )
√ 4
cos B = 47 √
[1 mark]
cos(A
√
+ B) = cos A cos B − sin A sin B = ( 35 ) ( 47 ) − ( 45 )( 34 ) [1 mark]
= 3 207−12
[1 mark]
[Total 6 marks]

√
(c) sin θ − 3 cos θ= 1
1√= R cos α
or solving as R sin(θ − α) SOI [1 mark]
3 = R sin α

R=2 [1 mark]
√
tan α = 3 ⇒ α = π3 [1 mark]

2 sin(θ − π3 ) = 1
sin(θ − π3 ) = 12
θ − π3 = π6 , 5π
6 [2 mark]

θ = 3π 5π
6 ,− 6 [1 mark]

[Total 6 marks]

3
CAPE PURE MATHEMATICS
UNIT 1 PAPER 02
MARK SCHEME 2018

1
 Question 4
(a) (i) centre (1, −1) [1 mark]

a2 + b2 − r2 = 1 ⇒ 2 − r2 = 1 [1 mark]

radius = 1 [1 mark]

(ii) Substituting y = x − 3 into the equation of the circle gives

x2 + (x − 3)2 − 2x + 2(x − 3) + 1 = 0 [1 mark]

2x2 − 6x + 4 = 0
x2 − 3x + 2 = 0 [1 mark]

(x − 2)(x − 1) = 0 [1 mark]

x = 2, 1 [1 mark]

When x = 1, y = 1 − 3 = −2 [1 mark]

∴ the point of intersection is (1, −2) [1 mark]

1−2
(iii) Gradient of the normal = 1−1 [1 mark]

which is undefined. [1 mark]

∴ the tangent is parallel to the x − axis. [1 mark]
Hence the equation of the tangent is y = −2 [1 mark]

[Total 13 marks]

2
(b) If ~
u=!and ~v are parallel
! ~u= k~v
s −2
3 =k 6 [1 mark]
s 4
s = −2k [1 mark]
3 = 6k [1 mark]
=⇒ k = 21
[1 mark]
s = 4k [1 mark]
Since k = 12 from s = −2k =⇒ s = −1 [1 mark]
but s = 4k =⇒ s = 2
[1 mark]
which not possible
∴ the vectors are not parallel. [1 mark]
[1 mark]
(c) The vector equation of a plane is
~r.(2i + 4j + 5k)=(i + 3j).(2i + 4j + 5k) [2 marks]
~r.(2i + 4j + 5k)=14 [1 mark]

[Total 12 marks]

3
CAPE PURE MATHEMATICS
UNIT 1 PAPER 02
MARK SCHEME 2018

1
 Question 5
(a) u = x4 + 2
du = 4x3 [1 mark]
R dx4
(x + 2)3 (4x7 )dx= (x4 + 2)3 (4x3 )x4 dx
R
[1 mark]
Z  
R 3
u (u − 2)du= 4 3
u − 2u du [1+1 mark]
1 5 2 4
5u − 4u + c [1 mark]
1 4 5 1 4 4
5 (x + 2) − 2 (x + 2) + c [1 mark]
[Total 6 marks]

2
(b) y = x2 and x = 18 y 2
∴ x = 81 (x2 )2 [1 mark]
x( 18 x3 − 1) = 0
x = 0 orRx = 2 [1 mark]
2√
∴ area = 0 [ 8x − x2 ]dx [1 mark]
2 √ 3/2 1 3 2
 
= 8x − x [1 mark]
3 3 0
√ √

2 8
= 8 8− [1 mark]
3 3
8
= [1 mark]
3 [Total 6 marks]

(c) f (x) = 3x4 − 2x3 − 6x2 + 6x.

0
(i) f (x) = 12x3 − 6x2 − 12x + 6 [1 mark]
00
(ii) f (x) = 36x2 − 12x − 12 [1 mark]

3
 0
(iii) f (x) = 12x3 − 6x2 − 12x + 6 = 0 [1 mark]
=⇒ 2x3 − x2 − 2x + 1 = 0 f(1)=2-1-2+1=0
∴ (x-1 ) is a factor [1 mark]

x3 x2 x constant

1 2 −1 −2 1

2 1 −1

2 1 −1 0

f 0 (x) = 6(x − 1)(2x2 − x − 1) [1 mark]

= 6(x − 1)(x + 1)(2x − 1) = 0 [1 mark]
x = 1, −1 or 12 are the x-coordinates of the stationery points [2 marks]
00
when x = 1 f (x) = 36 − 12 − 12 > 0 [1 mark]
∴ f(x) has a minimum at x = 1 [1 mark]
00
when x = −1 f (x) = 36 + 12 − 12 > 0 ∴ f (x) has a minimum at
x = −1 [1 mark]

when x = 12
00
f (x) = 9 − 6 − 12 < 0 [1 mark]
∴ f (x) has a maximum at x = 21 [1 mark]
[Total 13 marks]

4
CAPE PURE MATHEMATICS
UNIT 1 PAPER 02
MARK SCHEME 2018

1
 Question 6
(a)
 x4 −1

x−1 x<1
f (x) = 4x x>1
2 x=1


−1 4
(i) lim f (x) = lim xx−1 [1 mark]
x→1 − x→1 −
3 2
lim (x + x + x + 1) = 4 [1 mark]
x→1−
lim f (x) = lim 4x=(4)(1) = 4 [1 mark]
x→1+ x→1+
∴ lim f (x)=4 [1 mark]
x→1
(ii) f (1) = 2 6= lim f (x) [1 mark]
x→1
∴ the function is not continuous at x = 1 [1 mark]
[Total 6 marks]

(b) x = 2 cos θ, y = 3 − sin θ.

(i) dx = −2 sin θ, dy = − cos θ [2 marks]

dθ dθ
dy dy dθ − cos θ
dx = dθ dx = −2 sin θ
= 21 cot θ [1 mark]
√
(ii) x = 3 = 2 cos θ [1 mark]
θ = π6 √ ! [1 mark]
3
Gradient = 21 2
1 [1 mark]
√ 2
= 23 [1 mark]
Gradient of the normal = √−2 [1 mark]
3
Equation of the normal: y = √ −2 x + c [1 mark]
3
5
c= 2 +2= 2 9 [1 mark]
∴ the equation of the normal is
y=√ −2 x + 9 [1 mark]
3 2
[Total 11 marks]

2
 dy x
(c) (i) dx = y [1+1 marks]
(1) (1)
ydy = xdx [1 mark]
∴ the solution is
y2 x2 + c
2 = 2 (or y 2 = x2 + k ) [1+1 marks]
(1) (1)
(ii) 92 = 12 + c (or 9 = 1 + k ) [1 mark]
c=4 (or k = 8) [1 mark]
∴ the equation of the curve is
y2 x2 + 4
2 = 2
y 2 = x2 + 8 [1 mark]

[Total 8 marks]