SD-13-4754

Bendix® WS-20™ AntiLock Wheel Speed Sensor

DEUTSCH 2 PIN PACKARD 2 PIN

CONNECTOR CONNECTOR

STRAIGHT WS-20™ SENSOR 90° WS-20™ SENSOR

FIGURE 1 - WS-20™ ANTILOCK WHEEL SPEED SENSORS

DESCRIPTION coil. Each time an exciter tooth and its adjacent space move
™
The WS-20 wheel speed sensor is an electromagnetic past the tip of the sensor, an AC voltage "cycle" is generated.
device used to obtain vehicle speed information for an antilock The number of AC cycles per revolution of the vehicle's wheel
controller. When the wheel rotates, the sensor and an exciter depends on the number of teeth in the exciter, which is
(e.g. rotor or tone wheel) generate a simple AC signal. This programmed into the antilock controller. Using the
signal is sent to the controller, which analyzes the data and programmed data, the controller can calculate "vehicle
commands the antilock system accordingly. speed" by analyzing the frequency of AC cycles sent by the
Specifically, the speed sensor consists of a coil, pole piece, speed sensor. (The frequency of AC cycles is directly
and magnet. The exciter is a steel ring or gear-like device proportional to wheel speed.)
that has regularly spaced high and low spots called "teeth." AC voltage is also proportional to speed, but voltage is not
The sensor is mounted in a fixed position, while the exciter used to determine speed. It is only an indication of AC signal
is installed on a rotating member so that its "teeth" move, in strength. The amount of AC voltage generated by a specific
close proximity, past the tip of the sensor. speed sensor depends on the distance, or "gap," between
The WS-20™ wheel speed sensor is available in both straight the tip of the sensor and the surface of the exciter. Voltage
and right angle versions, to accommodate axle/wheel space increases as the sensor gap decreases.
limitations. (See Figure 1.) The WS-20™ wheel speed sensor is installed in a mounting
block that is affixed to the axle housing. (See Figure 2.) A
OPERATION spring loaded retainer bushing provides a friction fit between
The sensor's magnet and pole piece form a magnetic field. the mounting block bore and the WS-20™ sensor. The friction
As an exciter tooth passes by the sensor, the magnetic fit allows the WS-20™ sensor to "slide" back and forth under
field is altered, which generates AC voltage in the sensor force but to retain its position when force is removed. This

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feature allows the WS-20™ sensor to "self adjust" after it TECHNICAL INFORMATION
has been installed in the mounting block and the wheel is
installed. Electrical Connector- 2 Pin.

When the WS-20™ sensor is inserted all the way into the Output Voltage- With a 3,000 Ohm resistor across
mounting block and the wheel is installed on the axle, the the two sensor leads, output voltage
hub exciter contacts the sensor, which pushes the sensor measured on a VOM = .800 VAC
back. Also, normal bearing play will "bump" the sensor away Minimum at 42 Hz, or
from the exciter. The combination of these two actions will approximately 5 mph.
establish a running clearance or air gap between the sensor Sensor Gap- 0 to .015 inch.
and exciter.
Sensor Body- Formulated Epoxy; .628" Diameter.

Normal Resistance
Range at Room Temp- 2000-2500 ohms
PEAK TO PEAK
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
1. Every 3 months; 25,000 miles; 900 operating hours; or
during the vehicle chassis lubrication interval, make the
visual inspections noted in "SERVICE CHECKS"
below.
LOW SPEED 2. Every 12 months; 100,000 miles; or 3600 operating hours,
PEAK TO PEAK perform the OPERATIONAL TEST in this manual.

SERVICE CHECKS
Check all wiring and connectors. Make sure connections
are free from visible damage.
HIGH SPEED Examine the sensor. Make sure the sensor, mounting
bracket, and foundation brake components are not damaged.
FIGURE 2 - SPEED SENSOR VOLTAGE CYCLE OUTPUT Repair/replace as necessary.

WARNING! PLEASE READ AND FOLLOW

THESE INSTRUCTIONS TO AVOID
PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH:
When working on or around a vehicle, the following
general precautions should be observed at all times.
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, apply the
parking brakes, and always block the wheels.
Always wear safety glasses.
ANTILOCK CONTROLLER 2. Stop the engine and remove ignition key when
& RELAY working under or around the vehicle. When
working in the engine compartment, the engine
should be shut off and the ignition key should be
removed. Where circumstances require that the
engine be in operation, EXTREME CAUTION should
be used to prevent personal injury resulting from
contact with moving, rotating, leaking, heated or
electrically charged components.
WS-20™ SPEED SENSORS 3. Do not attempt to install, remove, disassemble or
EXCITERS assemble a component until you have read and
FRONT WHEEL thoroughly understand the recommended
REAR WHEELS procedures. Use only the proper tools and observe
all precautions pertaining to use of those tools.
4. If the work is being performed on the vehicle’s air
brake system, or any auxiliary pressurized air
FIGURE 3 - TYPICAL ANTILOCK SYSTEM systems, make certain to drain the air pressure from
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 SPEED SENSOR
MOUNTING 100 TOOTH
BLOCK EXCITER
MOUNTING
BLOCK
WS-20™ SPEED
SENSOR
100 TOOTH SPEED
SENSOR EXCITER
RING BRAKE DRUM

MAX. GAP
(SENSOR TO EXCITER)
.015 INCHES

WS-20™ SPEED
SENSOR (90 DEG.)

HUB ASSEMBLY

FIGURE 4 - WS-20™ WHEEL SPEED SENSOR INSTALLATION

all reservoirs before beginning ANY work on the REMOVAL

vehicle. If the vehicle is equipped with an AD-IS™
air dryer system or a dryer reservoir module, be 1. Unplug the cable assembly connector from its lead.
sure to drain the purge reservoir. Lift the lock tab and pull on the connector until it
5. Following the vehicle manufacturer’s disengages.
recommended procedures, deactivate the electrical 2. Gently pry the sensor and bushing from the mounting
system in a manner that safely removes all
electrical power from the vehicle. block.
6. Never exceed manufacturer’s recommended
pressures. INSPECTION
7. Never connect or disconnect a hose or line
Look for any visible damage to the sensor, cable assembly,
containing pressure; it may whip. Never remove a
component or plug unless you are certain all connector, mounting block, and foundation brake. Repair or
system pressure has been depleted. replace any damaged components. Make sure the block is
8. Use only genuine Bendix ® replacement parts, securely attached to the axle housing.
components and kits. Replacement hardware,
tubing, hose, fittings, etc. must be of equivalent SENSOR INSTALLATION
size, type and strength as original equipment and
be designed specifically for such applications and 1. For increased corrosion protection we recommend that
systems. a high-temperature rated silicon- or lithium-based grease
9. Components with stripped threads or damaged be applied to the interior of the mounting block, the
parts should be replaced rather than repaired. Do sensor, and to a new clamping sleeve.
not attempt repairs requiring machining or welding
unless specifically stated and approved by the 2. Gently push (DO NOT STRIKE) the sensor into the
vehicle and component manufacturer. mounting block hole until it bottoms out on the face of
10. Prior to returning the vehicle to service, make the tone ring. Secure the cable lead wire to the knuckle/
certain all components and systems are restored axle housing 3-6 inches from the sensor.
to their proper operating condition.
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3. Reconnect the connector to the sensor lead by plugging TEST 2
it into the appropriate socket on the pigtail harness, and
Disconnect the connector from the sensor's socket or from
pushing until the lock tab snaps into place.
the attached lead. Raise the vehicle wheel so it rotates easily.
NOTE: It is important for the wheel bearings to be adjusted Connect a volt-Ohm meter (set to read Volts AC) to the pins
per the manufacturer's recommendations, to ensure on the sensor or lead and spin the wheel. Output voltage
that the antilock function does not shut down as a should read greater than .800 AC. If the wheel is spun at 1
result of excessive wheel end play. revolution per second (about 7mph) the reading should be
greater than 1.0 volts AC.
OPERATIONAL TESTING
If the sensor fails to operate as described, check the wiring
To test sensor operation, one of two tests can be done. from the controller to the sensor. Make sure all connectors
are properly and tightly installed. Check for frayed or
TEST 1 damaged wires and check and/or reset the sensor air gap
Drive the vehicle in a safe area to a minimum speed of 15 (distance from sensor tip to exciter ring) as described in
mph. Be sure to apply the vehicle brakes several times. this manual. For additional troubleshooting information, see
Then stop the vehicle and check the LED display on the the troubleshooting procedure for the specific antilock system
Bendix controller. If the dash light is out and the sensor in use.
LED(s) are not illuminated, the sensor is installed properly.

BW1662 © 2005 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC All rights reserved. 1/2005 Printed in U.S.A.
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