7.

Petroleum and
Natural Gas
Extraction

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7. PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS

Concepts and Definitions

Crude Oil(Crude petroleum)- Crude oil is a mineral oil consisting of a mixture of

hydrocarbons of natural origin and associated impurities, such as sulphur. It exists in the
liquid phase under normal surface temperature and pressure and its physical characteristics
(density, viscosity, etc.) are highly variable.

Oil Refinery- converts crude oil into high-octane motor fuel (gasoline/petrol), diesel oil,
liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), jet aircraft fuel, kerosene, heating fuel oils, lubricating oils,
asphalt and petroleum coke etc.

Flared Gas- at oil production rigs and in refineries is gas burnt at the site. Its primary
purpose is to act as a safety device to protect vessels or pipes from over-pressuring or due
to insufficient capacity in the domestic market to absorb such gas, and there are few
opportunities for its safe re-injection into reservoirs.

Petroleum Products- are any oil based products which can be obtained by distillation and
are normally used outside the refining industry. The exceptions to this are those finished
products which are classified as refinery feedstocks.

Refinery feedstock- is product or a combination of products derived from crude oil and
destined for further processing other than blending in the refining industry. It is
transformed into one or more components and/or finished products.

% Gas flared- Gas flared as percentage of total output of gas, excluding re-injected gas.

Offshore landfall point - Landfall point in 'Oil and Gas' lingo means the point at which the
offshore oil/gas touches the onshore terminal. It is basically entry to the onshore.

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7. PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS EXTRACTION

7.1 The chief data source for this sector is M/o Petroleum and Natural Gas. Unless otherwise stated
analytical highlights given below are based on Table No. 7.0 on Trends in Important Indicators of
Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction Infrastructure.

Capacity

Reserve Capacity

7.2 The reserve capacity for crude oil extraction increased from 741 million tones in 2003
to 770 million tones in 2009 showing a CAGR of 0.64% per annum. The reserve capacity for
natural gas extraction increased from 751 billion cubic metre(BCM) in 2003 to 1090 BCM in
2009 showing a CAGR of 6.41% per annum. Future scope of natural gas as fuel seems to be
bright at present.

Oil and gas wells

7.3 Number of oil wells

increased from 5842 in 2003 to
5863 in 2009. number of gas wells
increased from 691 in 2003 to 884
in 2009.

Refinery Capacity

7.4 During 2003-2009 refining

capacity in private sector has shown
an impressive increase as compared
to public sector. The total refinery capacity increased from 115 MMT in 2003 to 178 MMT in
2009.

Marketing and distribution capacity

7.5 Number of retail outlets has shown a significant increase at a CAGR of 10.43%, during 2003
to 2009. Oil tanker fleet increased from 203 in 2003 to 272 in 2009. Length of onshore
pipelines of crude, gas, product pipelines increased at a CAGR of 4.12%, 6.6% and 8.03%
respectively during the period 2003 to 2009. Length of offshore pipelines of crude, gas, product
pipelines increased at a CAGR of 3.82%, 4.56% and 2.21% respectively during the same period.

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Quality

7.6 Number of persons employed in exploration and production decreased from 48 thousand to
33.6 thousand during 2003 to 2009 which may be due to change in technology. However
number of persons employed in refining , marketing and pipelines is showing a positive trend.

7.7 Gas flared during extraction is also going down over the years which may be due to
improvement in gas pipelines and refinery
capacity.

Fiscal Cost

7.8 Both public and private investments in

the sector have shown steady increase
over the years. Participation of private
investments in the sector increased from
13.7% in 2003 to 46.3% in 2009. Plan
outlay of public sector undertakings
increased from `21099 crore to `46540
during 2003 to 2009 at a CAGR of 14%.
But expenditure of the public sector
undertakings has grown at a much
higher CAGR of 23%.

Capacity Utilisation

7.9 The present crude oil production

level is at 4% of the reserve capacity. At
the present extraction rate present crude
oil reserves would last for 25 years. The
present natural gas production level is at
3% of the reserve capacity (Table8.0). As
growth of natural gas reserves is much
higher than present extraction rate,
natural gas as source of energy has
bright future prospects.

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Accessibility

7.10 Capacity utilization of public sector refineries increased from 93.6% to 106.4% during 2003
to 2009, private sector refineries are also functioning at near full capacity, indicating a need for
further augmentation of new refinery capacity.

Affordability

7.11 Weighted average of crude oil price (basic price) increased from `10607/MT to `29796/
MT during 2005 to 2009. Similarly consumer price of Natural Gas increased from `2850 per
thousand cubic metre to `3200 per thousand cubic metre during the same period.

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Table 7.0 : Trends in Important Indicators of Petroleum and Natural Gas

Extraction Infrastructure (2002-03 to 2008-09)
Sl. Description 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 CAGR
No. ( Reference Date / Period - As on 31st March for Stock Variables %
- Financial Year ending on 31st March for Flow Variables)
A ACCESS / CAPACITY
1 Crude Oil Reserves ( Million 741 761 739 786 756 725 770 0.64
Tonne)
2 Natural Gas Reserves (BCM) 751 854 923 1101 1075 1055 1090 6.41
3 Total Refining Capacity as on 114.67 116.97 127.37 127.37 132.47 148.97 177.97 7.60
1st April (MMT)
In PSUs 87.62 94.37 94.37 94.40 99.42 105.47 105.47 3.14
In Private 27.05 33.00 33.00 32.97 33.05 43.50 72.50 17.86
4 Oil Wells( in numbers)# 5842 5105 5245 5394 5523 5672 5863 0.06
5 Gas Wells(in numbers)# 691 718 774 803 840 860 884 4.19
6 Total Retail Outlets (in 19337 22090 25307 28908 32140 34101 35066 10.43
numbers)
7 Oil Tanker Fleet (in numbers) 203 223 234 244 254 265 272 5.00
I Length of Pipelines (in km)
8 Crude Pipelines
On Shore 13946 14376 14535 14909 16441 16816 17766 4.12
Off Shore 2314 2341 2385 2679 2794 2813 2898 3.82
9 Gas Pipelines
On Shore 7961 8718 9197 9551.9 10354.9 11352 11683 6.60
Off Shore 2627 2635 2640 2915 3000 3122 3433 4.56
10 Product Pipelines
On Shore 9280 10156 10679 12007 13484 13694 14747 8.03
Off Shore 671 671 681 700 733 755 765 2.21
B QUALITY
II Persons Employed in Petroleum Industry(PSU's)(number)
129927 126702 133371 138311 135315 139956 138973 1.13
11 Exploration & Production 48237 44943 41415 39694 38948 33935 33612 -5.84
12 Refining 26451 25640 26859 30262 28151 30128 32745 3.62
13 Marketing 40561 40232 40628 42217 42970 44995 42183 0.66
14 Pipelines 4092 3829 7318 7816 7510 8933 4598 1.96
15 R& D 2330 2278 2096 2071 2029 1964 2076 -1.91
16 Other 8256 9780 15055 15151 15707 20001 23759 19.26
17 Gas Flared (BCM) 1.426 1.056 0.988 0.877 0.956 0.924 1.099 -4.25
18 % Gas Flared 4.54 3.30 3.11 2.72 3.01 2.89 3.29 -5.24
C FISCAL COST
19 Plan Outlay (Rs. in crore) 21099.08 24393.22 24615.12 31322.85 36863.70 35724.55 46540.00 14.09
20 Expenditure(Rs. in crore) 16279.5 17590.96 22969.16 27095.53 31105.14 32759.44 56463.23 23.03
21 Utilisation % 77.2 72.1 93.3 86.5 84.4 91.7 121.3 7.84
III Investment in Petroleum and Natural Gas Sector (Rs. in crore)
22 Total Investment 13280.6 17393.73 22542.43 38141.7 50150.41 63025.46 - 36.54
23 Public Investment 11466.7 15537.09 19964.07 23692.92 28467.59 33819.25 - 24.15
% Share of Public Investment 86.3 89.3 88.6 62.1 56.8 53.7 - -9.07
to Total Investment

# Based on data supplied by OIL and ONGC.

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Table 7.0 (contd.) : Trends in Important Indicators of Petroleum and

Natural Gas Extraction Infrastructure (2002-03 to 2008-09)
Sl. Description 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 CAGR
No. ( Reference Date / Period - As on 31st March for Stock Variables %
- Financial Year ending on 31st March for Flow Variables)
C FISCAL COST
24 Private Investment 1813.84 1856.64 2578.36 14448.8 21682.82 29206.2 - 74.33
% Share of Private Investment to Total 13.7 10.7 11.4 37.9 43.2 46.3 - 27.68
Investment
D UTILISATION
IV Crude Oil Production(MMT)
25 Total Production 33.04 33.37 33.98 32.19 33.99 34.12 34.12 0.54
26 Offshore-
In PSUs 17.56 17.677 18.16 16.31 15.99 18.01 17.8 0.23
In Private 4.013 4.24 4.23 4.45 4.67 4.89 4.43 1.66
Total 21.57 21.917 22.39 20.76 20.66 22.9 22.23 0.50
27 Onshore-
In PSUs 11.40 11.38 11.52 11.33 11.17 11.02 11.03 -0.55
In Private 0.075 0.074 0.074 0.101 0.161 0.192 0.243 21.64
Total 11.47 11.46 11.59 11.43 11.33 11.21 11.27 -0.29
28 Crude Oil Processed(MMT)
In PSUs 82.02 89.50 93.11 96.95 108.17 112.54 112.22 5.37
In Private 30.54 32.35 34.31 33.16 38.38 43.56 48.55 8.03
29 Capacity Utilisation(%)
In PSUs 93.6 99.5 98.7 102.7 108.8 106.7 106.40 2.16
In Private 113.1 119.8 104 100.5 116.3 100.1 66.96 -8.36
V Natural Gas Production(BCM)
30 Total Production 31.39 31.96 31.76 32.20 31.75 32.42 32.85 0.76
31 Offshore-
In PSUs 18.367 17.805 17.313 16.823 16.567 16.457 16.742 -1.53
In Private 4.296 5.184 5.356 5.801 5.908 6.861 7.348 9.36
Total 22.66 22.99 22.67 22.62 22.48 23.32 24.09 1.02
32 Onshore-
In PSUs 7.62 7.67 7.67 8.02 8.14 8.22 8.02 0.86
In Private 1.11 1.31 1.43 1.56 1.13 0.88 0.74 -6.51
Total 8.73 8.97 9.09 9.58 9.27 9.10 8.76 0.06
E AFFORDABILITY
VI Consumer Prices of Natural Gas (in Rs. Per thousand Cubic Metre)
33 Off-shore (Landfall Point and On- 2850 2850 2850 3200 3200 3200 3200 1.95
shore)
34 For North-Eastern States 1700 1700 1700 1920 1920 1920 1920 2.05
VII Weighted Average of Crude oil Price (Basic Prices) (Rs./MT)
35 On Shore and Off Shore Crude - - 10607 10174 16725 25913 29796 29.46

Source: 1.Material supplied by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

2. Annual Report published by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

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Table 7A.1 : Statewise Reserves of Crude Oil and Natural Gas in India
as on 31st March
States 2008 2009 % Change
Crude Oil Natural Gas Crude Oil Natural Gas Crude Oil Natural Gas
(In Million (In Billion (In Million (In Billion (In Million (In Billion
Tonnes) Cubic Tonnes) Cubic Tonnes) Cubic Metres)
Metres) Metres)
Andhra Pradesh 4.37 40.33 4.21 39.59 -3.7 -1.8
Arunachal - - 3.646 1.12 - -
Pradesh
Assam 173.12 112.34 167.324 97.71 -3.3 -13.0
CBM - - 0 39.81 - -
Eastern Offshore 24.66 442.83 22.497 425.42 -8.8 -3.9
Gujarat 135.37 73.75 134.965 77.22 -0.3 4.7
Nagaland - - 2.69 0.12 - -
Rajasthan - - 84.68 12.71 - -
Tamil Nadu 7.98 27.77 7.97 26.95 -0.1 -3.0
Tripura - - 0.08 32.50 - -
Western 424.62 392.95 345.275 362.14 -18.7 -7.8
Offshore
Total 770.12 1089.97 773.34 1115.26 0.4 2.3

Table 7A.2 : Statewise Developed Oil & Gas

Wells and Estimated Production Capacity as on
31.3.08
States Crude Oil Natural Gas
No. of Wells Production No. of Wells Production
Capacity(In Capacity(In
Million Billion
Tonnes) Cubic
Metres)
Gujarat 3118 6.177 188 2.929
Assam 1072 4.61 443 2.619
Arunachal 34 0.1 5 0.025
Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh 28 0.258 144 1.55
Rajasthan 0 0 41 0.28
Tamil Nadu 126 0.299 76 1.17
Tripura 0 0 64 0.53
Western 1034 20.389 134 22.438
Offshore
Eastern Offshore 25 2.545 5 0.902
Total 5437 34.38 1100 32.44

Source: Material supplied by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

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Table 7A.3 : Installed Capacity of Refineries of

Crude Oil As on 1st April
('000 Tonnes per annum)
Sl. Refinery 2007 2008 2009
No.
A Public Sector Refineries 100767 105468 105468
I IOC Refineries 44999 49700 49700
IOC, Digboi 650 650 650
IOC, Guwahati 1000 1000 1000
IOC, Barauni 6000 6000 6000
IOC, Koyali 13700 13700 13700
IOC, Haldia 6000 6000 6000
IOC, Mathura 8000 8000 8000
IOC, Panipat 7299 12000 12000
IOC, Bongaigaon 2350 2350 2350
II HPCL Refineries 13000 13000 13000
HPCL, Mumbai 5500 5500 5500
HPCL, Visakh 7500 7500 7500
III BPCL Refineries 19500 19500 19500
BPCL, Mumbai 12000 12000 12000
BPCL, Kochi 7500 7500 7500
IV CPCL Refineries 10500 10500 10500
CPCL, Manali 9500 9500 9500
CPCL, Narimanam 1000 1000 1000
V NRL, Numaligarh 3000 3000 3000
VI MRPL, Mangalore 9690 9690 9690
VII ONGC, Tatipaka 78 78 78
B Private Refinery 36481 43500 72500
I RPL, Jamnagar 33000 33000 33000
II RPL(SEZ),Jamnagar ,Gujrat - - 29000
III Essar Oil Ltd.(EOL), 3481 10500 10500
Vadinar***
Total (A+B) 137248 148968 177968

***: Production of Essar Oil Ltd. started from December 2006.

Source: 1.Material supplied by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas
2. Annual Report published by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

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Table 7A.4 : Trends in Length of Crude Oil, Natural Gas &

Product Pipelines in India as on 1st April
(in km)
Sl.No. Type of Pipelines/Owner 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

A Crude Pipelines (On Shore)

1 ONGC 9593 10022 10297 10671 11029 11378 11949
2 OIL 1538 1538 1418 1418 1418 1418 1418
3 IOC 2788 2788 2788 2788 3962 3962 4341
4 HPCL 11 11 13 13 11 11 11
5 Pvt. / JVC 16 17 19 19 21 47 47
Sub-total 13946 14376 14535 14909 16441 16816 17766
B Crude Pipelines (Off Shore)
1 ONGC 2115 2137 2181 2475 2569 2588 2673
2 IOC 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
3 Pvt. / JVC 174 179 179 179 200 200 200
Sub-total 2314 2341 2385 2679 2794 2813 2898
C Gas Pipelines (On Shore)
1 ONGC 3369 3519 3689 3892 4098 4284 4461
2 GAIL 4571 5167 5471 5599 6196 7001 7179
3 BPCL 2 2 2 26 26 26 2
4 Pvt./JVC 19 30 35 35 35 41 41
Sub-total 7961 8718 9197 9552 10355 11352 11683
D Gas Pipelines (Off Shore)
1 ONGC 2512 2512 2517 2783 2863 2863 3022
2 Pvt./JVC 115 123 123 132 137 259 411
Sub-total 2627 2635 2640 2915 3000 3122 3433
E Product Pipelines (On Shore)
1 IOC(AOD) 75 75 75 75 75 75 75
2 IOC 4687 4842 4842 6063 5211 5211 5349
3 BPCL 613 971 971 971 1745 1745 1745
4 HPCL 732 732 732 732 2130 2130 2130
5 ONGC 1940 2041 2132 2239 2396 2606 2731
6 GAIL 1233 1495 1927 1927 1927 1927 1964
7 Petronet India Limited 753 753 753 753 753 753 753
Sub-total 9280 10156 10679 12007 13484 13694 14747
F Product Pipelines (Off Shore)
1 BPCL 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
2 ONGC 668 668 678 697 730 752 762
Sub-total 671 671 681 700 733 755 765
GRAND TOTAL (A+B+C+D+E+F) 36799 38897 40117 42762 46807 48552 51292

Source: Material supplied by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

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Table 7A.5 : Companywise Oil and Gas

Terminals*, Number and Capacity as on 31.3.08

Sl. Company Oil Distribution Terminals Gas Distribution Terminals

No.

Number Capacity(In Number Capacity(In

Million Tonnes) Billion Cubic
Metres)
1 HPCL 153 2.71 Nil Nil
2 OIL 0 0.00 Nil Nil
3 ONGC 50 0.00 Nil Nil
4 BPCL 160 2.79 Nil Nil
5 GAIL Nil N.A. 623 N.A
6 RIL 11 5.25 Nil Nil
7 IOC 166 6.50 Nil Nil
8 EOL 2 0.60 Nil Nil
9 DGH 7 0.61 Nil Nil

N.A.: Not applicable.

* The terminals are for distribution / supply of natural gas to consumers and do not
have any storage of gas.
Source: Material supplied by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

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Table 7A.6 : Tonnage of Indian Tankers Fleet as on 31st March

Sl.No. Oil Tankers 2001** 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

A Coastal Trade
1 Product Carriers
NO. of Tankers 10 12 12 12 11 9 10 12 14
DWT ('000' tonnes) 83.2 90.1 61 61 54.9 40.5 42.6 44.7 66.7
2 Crude Oil Carriers
NO. of Tankers 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
DWT ('000' tonnes) 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2
3 Offshore Supply Vessels
NO. of Tankers 69 70 73 76 80 83 89 96 100
DWT ('000' tonnes) 85.4 85.6 95.8 9901 99.7 100.2 105.8 118.4 122.6
4 Specialised vessels
for offshore
NO. of Tankers 27 28 31 32 32 35 35 36 36
DWT ('000' tonnes) 59.2 59.2 53.2 54.1 54.1 47.4 47.4 47.4 49.3
Total Coastal Trade
NO. of Tankers 108 112 118 122 125 129 136 146 152
DWT ('000' tonnes) 310 317.1 292.2 10098 290.9 270.3 278 292.7 320.8
B Overseas Trade
5 Ore Oil bulk
Carriers
NO. of Tankers 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
DWT ('000' tonnes) 355.1 231.6 169.3 169.3 169.3 169.3 169.3 169.3 169.3
6 Crude Oil Carriers
NO. of Tankers 34 34 36 46 49 47 54 53 54
DWT ('000' tonnes) 3455.7 3474.3 3592.1 4744.4 5735.4 5379.9 5730.9 5273.8 5264.1
7 Product Carriers
NO. of Tankers 45 45 40 45 47 52 47 48 50
DWT ('000' tonnes) 1656.5 1642.3 1493 1998 2471.9 2985.5 2684.8 2940.3 3302.9
8 L.P.G Carriers
NO. of Tankers 6 6 7 8 11 14 15 16 14
DWT ('000' tonnes) 138.1 138.1 162.6 183.2 250.7 341.9 385.5 442.3 395.8
Total Overseas
NO. of Tankers 89 88 85 101 109 115 118 119 120
DWT ('000' tonnes) 5605.4 5486.3 5417 7094.9 8627.3 8876.6 8970.5 8825.7 9132
Total Oil Tankers (A+B)
NO. of Tankers 197 200 203 223 234 244 254 265 272
DWT ('000' tonnes) 5915.4 5803.4 5709.2 17193 8918.2 9146.9 9248.5 9118.4 9453

** As on 30th June DWT : Dead Weight Tonnage

Source: Indian Petroleum & Natural Gas Statistics published by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

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Table 7A.7 : Total Retail Outlets in India

(in numbers)
Year Retail B ESSO/HPCL IOC AOC/ IBP Total
Outlets* Shell/ AOD
BPCL
2001 Nos. 4555 4536 7134 315 1475 18015
% 25.3 25.2 39.6 1.7 8.2 100

2002 Nos. 4610 4642 7433 318 1551 18554

% 24.8 25 40.1 1.7 8.4 100

2003 Nos. 4772 4799 7635 323 1808 19337

% 24.7 24.8 39.5 1.7 9.3 100

2004 Nos. 5274 5204 8762 326 2524 22090

% 23.9 23.6 39.7 1.5 11.4 100.1

2005 Nos. 6016 6295 9882 # 3114 25307

% 23.8 24.9 39 - 12.3 100

2006 Nos. 7321 7026 11149 # 3412 28908

% 25.3 24.3 38.6 - 11.8 100

2007 Nos. 7800 7909 12841 # 3590 32140

% 24.3 24.6 40 - 11.2 100.1

2008 Nos. 8238 8329 17534 # # 34101

% 24.2 24.4 51.4 - - 100

2009 Nos. 8387 8539 18140 # # 35066

% 23.9 24.4 51.7 - - 100

# : Included in IOC
* : As on 1st January upto 2006 & 1st April from 2007 & onwards
Source: Indian Petroleum & Natural Gas Statistics published by M/o Petroleum &
Natural Gas

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Table 7A.8 : Statewise Number of Retail Outlets, LDO/SKO

Dealers and LPG Distributors as on 1st April
(in number)
States / UTs 2008 2009
Retail LDO/SKO LPG Retail LDO/SKO LPG
Outlets Dealers Distributors Outlets Dealers Distributors
Andhra Pradesh 2850 605 877 2921 603 880
Arunachal Pradesh 47 33 30 47 33 30
Assam 523 361 251 530 361 251
Bihar 1401 373 309 1466 373 310
Chhattisgarh 498 109 153 507 109 152
Goa 91 21 53 92 21 53
Gujarat 1751 497 542 1778 497 545
Haryana 1459 148 277 1531 148 280
Himachal Pradesh 273 26 119 283 26 121
Jammu & Kashmir 364 47 152 378 47 151
Jharkhand 649 86 142 666 86 142
Karnataka 2156 325 488 2260 325 484
Kerala 1608 244 374 1638 243 373
Madhya Pradesh 1595 281 568 1643 281 564
Maharashtra 3091 775 996 3178 775 1000
Manipur 55 36 31 56 36 31
Meghalaya 116 35 32 122 35 32
Mizoram 21 19 25 22 19 25
Nagaland 46 19 27 47 19 27
Orissa 911 179 185 929 179 189
Punjab 2613 244 420 2652 244 425
Rajasthan 2286 253 429 2343 253 430
Sikkim 28 12 8 29 12 8
Tamil Nadu 2904 465 660 2969 465 656
Tripura 38 40 29 41 40 29
Uttar Pradesh 4178 699 1177 4262 699 1166
Uttarakhand 362 72 168 366 72 169
West Bengal 1700 476 473 1724 469 475
State Total 33614 6480 8995 34480 6470 8998
Union Territories
A & N Island 6 1 4 7 1 4
Chandigarh 43 12 28 43 12 28
Delhi 402 116 316 401 116 314
D & N Haveli 11 2 1 12 2 1
Daman & Diu 15 5 2 18 5 2
Lakshadweep 0 0 1 0 0 1
Puducherry 103 8 18 105 8 18
UT Total 580 144 370 586 144 368
India Total 34194 6624 9365 35066 6614 9366

Source: Indian Petroleum & Natural Gas Statistics published by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

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Table 7A.9 : Statewise and Companywise LPG Domestic

Consumers as on 1st April
('000 number)
States / UTs 2008 2009
IOCL HPCL BPCL Total IOCL HPCL BPCL Total
/AOD /AOD
Andhra Pradesh 4090 4631 2290 11011 4304 4733 2419 11456
Arunachal Pradesh 123 0 0 123 129 0 0 129
Assam 1834 28 61 1923 1895 30 69 1994
Bihar 1688 350 370 2408 1800 378 396 2574
Chhattisgarh 558 347 169 1074 583 355 175 1113
Goa 9 256 146 411 10 265 151 426
Gujarat 2980 1126 1217 5323 3145 1202 1303 5650
Haryana 1621 616 1053 3290 1679 656 1090 3425
Himachal Pradesh 1039 148 71 1258 1069 164 76 1309
Jammu & Kashmir 390 867 143 1400 404 878 145 1427
Jharkhand 812 177 129 1118 842 197 134 1173
Karnataka 2375 1894 1361 5630 2575 1996 1480 6051
Kerala 3021 784 1584 5389 3156 840 1692 5688
Madhya Pradesh 2194 1152 840 4186 2247 1219 894 4360
Maharashtra 1519 5644 6008 13171 1636 5960 6295 13891
Manipur 218 0 0 218 221 0 0 221
Meghalaya 109 0 0 109 113 0 0 113
Mizoram 188 0 0 188 192 0 0 192
Nagaland 140 0 0 140 144 0 0 144
Orissa 558 644 276 1478 586 659 290 1535
Punjab 2663 922 1097 4682 2931 958 1132 5021
Rajasthan 1791 1090 1250 4131 1931 1165 1309 4405
Sikkim 114 0 0 114 120 0 0 120
Tamil Nadu 6183 1218 2595 9996 6452 1378 2783 10613
Tripura 256 0 0 256 261 0 0 261
Uttar Pradesh 6202 1437 2687 10326 6017 1526 2781 10324
Uttarakhand 1247 82 183 1512 1273 93 189 1555
West Bengal 3447 1045 704 5196 3555 1152 746 5453
State Total 47369 24458 24234 96061 49270 25804 25549 100623
Union Territories
A & N Island 53 0 0 53 66 0 0 66
Chandigarh 206 68 46 320 219 71 47 337
Delhi 2656 574 908 4138 2722 596 934 4252
D & N Haveli 0 34 0 34 0 39 0 39
Daman & Diu 0 28 16 44 0 29 16 45
Lakshadweep 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 3
Puducherry 115 90 47 252 120 93 54 267
UT Total 3033 794 1017 4844 3130 828 1051 5009
India Total 50402 25252 25251 100905 52400 26632 26600 105632

Source: Indian Petroleum & Natural Gas Statistics published by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

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Table 7B.1 : Category-wise Manpower Employed in Various

Sectors of Petroleum Industry in India as on 31st March
(in numbers)
Sl. Category 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
No.
Exploration and Production
1 Executive/Managerial 18560 19461 19605 19270 18571 18432 19459 17693 18391
2 Supervisory 5087 6601 6349 6055 4523 4778 3510 2825 2822
3 Clerical 3971 3278 3068 2351 2176 1984 8013 6256 5486
4 Workman 22431 20200 19215 17240 16138 14486 7940 7142 6908
Total 50049 49540 48237 44916 41408 39680 38922 33916 33607
5 Expatriates/Foreign 0 0 0 27 7 14 26 19 5
Experts/On Contract

Grand Total 50049 49540 48237 44943 41415 39694 38948 33935 33612
Petroleum Refining
1 Executive /Managerial 5534 5556 5977 5899 6200 6296 5659 5975 8054
2 Supervisory 2740 2589 2586 2616 2716 2809 3961 3988 4249
3 Clerical 2748 2587 2521 2371 2293 2268 2216 1929 1959
4 Workman 13017 12338 12266 11847 11445 11345 11208 11334 10926
Total 24039 23070 23350 22733 22654 22718 23044 23226 25188
5 Expatriates/Foreign 3139 2252 3101 2907 4205 7544 5107 6902 7557
Experts/On Contract
Grand Total 27178 25322 26451 25640 26859 30262 28151 30128 32745
Marketing
1 Executive /Managerial 11619 11649 11598 11747 11799 11365 10429 10841 11006
2 Supervisory 2188 2274 2320 2334 2419 2422 3845 4015 4378
3 Clerical 5726 5434 5245 5133 4831 4400 4413 4350 3973
4 Workman 18010 17956 17152 16725 15658 15148 14621 14046 13487
Total 37543 37313 36315 35939 34707 33335 33308 33252 32844
5 Expatriates/Foreign 3309 4552 4246 4293 5921 9982 9662 11743 9339
Experts/On Contract
Grand Total 40852 41865 40561 40232 40628 43317 42970 44995 42183

Source: Indian Petroleum & Natural Gas Statistics published by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

243
 7.Petroleum & Natural Gas Extraction

Quality

Table 7B.2 : Categorywise Manpower Employed in the Petroleum Industry

in India as on 31st March
(in numbers)
Sl. Category 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
No.
1 Executive / Managerial 44804 45385 45301 45109 45319 45727 44447 46387 49742
2 Supervisory 11807 13138 12610 12348 10780 11232 13147 12964 13490
3 Clerical 14127 13014 12263 11559 11249 10807 16820 15247 13879
4 Workman 57693 54860 52200 50013 48197 45810 38210 37266 35759
Total 128431 126397 122374 119029 115545 113576 112624 111864 112870
5 Expatriates/Foreign 6557 7213 7553 7673 17826 24735 22691 28092 26103
Experts/On Contract
Grand Total 134988 133610 129927 126702 133371 138311 135315 139956 138973

Source: Indian Petroleum & Natural Gas Statistics published by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

244
 7.Petroleum & Natural Gas Extraction

Fiscal Cost

Table 7C.1 : Public and Private Investments in Petroleum and Natural

Gas Sector
(Rs. in crore)
Sl. Undertaking 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
No.
Public Investments
1 GAIL (INDIA) Ltd. 510.8 2441.3 434.21 1029.19 1647.61 1317.84
2 Indian Oil Corp. Ltd. 2197.12 3060.02 4915.03 4025.06 3732.42 4889.44
3 Hindustan Petroleum Corp. Ltd. 139.64 162.41 383.6 1465.12 2846.5 1724.69
4 Bharat Petroleum Corp. Ltd. 1249 1653 1509 2009 1808 2039
5 Oil & Natural Gas Corp. Ltd. 6063.39 6851.98 10681.29 11421.03 13305.03 17651.04
6 Oil India Ltd. 606.89 577.85 872.71 993.96 1620.95 1210.33
7 Directorate General of Hydrocarbons 699.87 790.53 1168.23 2749.56 3507.08 4986.91
Total 11466.71 15537.09 19964.07 23692.92 28467.59 33819.25
Private Investments
1 Essar Oil Ltd. Nil Nil Nil 11499 13839 16868
2 Directorate General of Hydrocarbons 1813.84 1856.64 2578.36 2949.78 7843.82 12338.21
Total 1813.84 1856.64 2578.36 14448.78 21682.82 29206.21
Grand Total 13280.55 17393.73 22542.43 38141.7 50150.41 63025.46
% Share of Public Investment to Total 86.3 89.3 88.6 62.1 56.8 53.7
Investment
% Share of Private Investment to Total 13.7 10.7 11.4 37.9 43.2 46.3
Investment

Source: Material supplied by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

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 7.Petroleum & Natural Gas Extraction

Fiscal Cost

Table 7C.2 : Plan Outlay of Public Sector Undertakings

(Rs. in crore)
Sl. Undertaking 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
No. (BE)
A. Exploration & Production 16593.37 19177.47 18132.52 23854.40 28015.09 27966.19 32387.82
1 ONGC 7142.31 10624.70 10849.89 12735.61 16518.84 18346.12 19338
2 OIL 775.00 940.00 1059.56 1205.70 2166.55 1519.68 2230.67
3 GAIL(India) Ltd 1174.00 3741.56 1264.90 1378.87 2305.64 2235.45 3226.01
4 ONGC Videsh Ltd 7502.06 3871.21 4958.17 8534.22 6919.06 4758.94 6825.14
5 IOC 0 0 0 0 0 282.00 256.00
6 HPCL 0 0 0 0 50.00 84.00 200.00
7 BPCL 0 0 0 0 55.00 740.00 312.00
B Refining & Marketing 3946.12 4395.89 4866.71 5600.85 6767.01 5207.58 10036.83
1 IOC 1886.17 2220.54 2987.27 2896.24 2260.60 2145.00 4483.00
2 HPCL 336.07 240.00 530 857 2583.82 1522.00 1926.50
3 BPCL 544.90 724.90 472.6 807.6 1165.55 685.45 1660.00
4 CPCL 1000.00 850.00 219.3 106.5 90.00 210.24 519.94
5 KRL 12.00 64.00 190 157 * * *
6 BRPL 12.98 2.45 17.87 28.11 88.71 457.89 557.39
7 IBP Co. Ltd. 147.00 125.00 240 200 200.00 ** **
8 Numaligarh Refinery Ltd. 7.00 24.00 95 123.4 113.00 100.00 80.00
9 MRPL 0 145.00 114.67 425 265.33 87.00 810.00
C Petrochemicals 546.59 806.86 1602.89 1851.60 2062.80 2525.78 4007.35
1 BRPL 2.66 2.05 9.53 5.85 8.13 13.30 0.00
2 MRPL 0 0 9.40 25.00 19.67 28.00 15.00
3 IOC 491.01 690.27 1440.68 1679.76 1703.40 2200.90 3761.00
4 CPCL 0 0 0.70 3.50 0 0.76 8.00
5 GAIL 52.82 114.44 142.48 137.39 326.50 146.82 187.35
6 HPCL 0 0 0 0 5.10 127.00 15.00
7 NRL 0 0 0 0 0 9.00 21.00
8 BPCL 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0 0 -
D Engineering Unit 13.00 13.00 13.00 16.00 18.75 25.00 108.00
1 IBP Co. Ltd - - - - - - -
2 Balmer Lawrie & Co. Ltd. 10.00 10.00 8 8 13.75 25.00 100.00
3 Biecco Lawrie Limited 3.00 3.00 5.00 8.00 5.00 0 8
Total (A+B+C+D) 21099.08 24393.22 24615.12 31322.85 36863.65 35724.55 46540.00

*KRL is included in BPCL **IBP Co. Ltd. Is included in IOC.

Source: Material supplied by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

246
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Utilisation

Table 7D.1 : Capacity Utilization of Refineries of Crude Oil

during 2006-07 to 2008-09
(000 Tonnes per annum)
Sl. Refinery 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
No Crude Capacity Crude Capacity Crude Capacity
Oil Utilisation Oil Utilisation Oil Utilisation
Processed (%) Processed (%) Processed (%)
A Public Sector Refineries 108172 107.3 112541 106.7 112223 106.4
I IOC Refineries 46068 103.2 49421 100.1 51367 108.5
IOC, Digboi 586 90.2 564 86.8 623 95.8
IOC, Guwahati 839 83.9 920 92.0 1076 107.6
IOC, Barauni 5469 91.2 5634 93.9 5940 99.0
IOC, Koyali 12953 94.5 13714 100.1 13852 101.1
IOC, Haldia 5836 97.3 5715 95.3 6042 100.7
IOC, Mathura 8883 111.0 8033 100.4 8601 107.5
IOC, Panipat 9435 129.3 12821 106.8 13070 108.9
IOC, Bongaigaon 2067 88.0 2020 86.0 2163 92.0
II HPCL Refineries 16796 129.2 16818 129.4 15807 121.6
HPCL, Mumbai 7419 134.9 7409 134.7 6652 120.9
HPCL, Visakh 9377 125.0 9409 125.5 9155 122.1
III BPCL Refineries 19772 101.4 20880 107.1 20001 102.6
BPCL, Mumbai 12030 100.3 12746 106.2 12262 102.2
BPCL, Kochi 7742 103.2 8134 108.5 7739 103.2
IV CPCL Refineries 10402 99.1 10266 97.8 10136 96.5
CPCL, Manali 9784 103.0 9802 103.2 9718 102.3
CPCL, Narimanam 618 61.8 464 46.4 418 41.8
V NRL, Numaligarh 2504 83.5 2568 85.6 2251 75.0
VI MRPL, Mangalore 12536 129.4 12525 129.3 12577 129.8
VII ONGC, Tatipaka 94 120.5 63 80.8 84 107.7
B Private Refinery 38379 105.2 43562 100.1 48549 67.0
I RPL, Jamnagar 36616 111.0 36931 111.9 35636 108.0
II RPL(SEZ),Jamnagar - - - - Not -
,Gujrat reported
III Essar Oil Ltd.(EOL), 1763 50.6 6631 63.2 12913 123.0
Vadinar*
Total (A+B) 146551 106.8 156103 104.8 160772.0 90.3

* Production of Essar Oil Ltd. started from December 2006.

Source: 1.Material supplied by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas
2. Annual Report published by M/o Petroleum & Natural Gas

247
7.Petroleum & Natural Gas Extraction

Affordability

Table 7E.1 : Weighted Average of Crude Oil Prices

(in Rs./MT)
Year Basic Price Royalty Cess Sales Tax
2004-05 Offshore Crude 11515 1182 1877 558
Onshore Crude 8925 1942 1877 500
Offshore and Onshore Crude 10607 1448 1877 538

2005-06 Offshore Crude 11811 1259 1945 563

Onshore Crude 7372 2818 1954 490
Offshore and Onshore Crude 10174 1834 1948 536

2006-07 Offshore Crude 17856 1814 2601 824

Onshore Crude 14504 3110 2601 812
Offshore and Onshore Crude 16725 2251 2601 820

2007-08 Offshore Crude 26668 2224 2500 869

Onshore Crude 24433 3707 2500 940
Offshore and Onshore Crude 25913 2714 2500 893

2008-09 Offshore Crude 30507 2568 2500 878

Onshore Crude 28354 4335 2500 1091
Offshore and Onshore Crude 29796 3152 2500 948

Note : The Weighted average of Crude Oil prices before 2004-05 were not maintained
in the Format.
Source: Indian Petroleum & Natural Gas Statistics published by M/o Petroleum & Natural
Gas

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 7.Petroleum & Natural Gas Extraction

Affordability

Table 7E.2 : Consumer and Producer

Prices of Natural Gas
(Rs.per thousand Cubic Metre)
Effective Consumer Prices Producer Prices
Date
Off-shore For ONGC ONGC OIL
(Landfall North- (NE (NE
Point and Eastern States) States)
On-shore) States
01.04.02 2850 1700 2116 1700 1900
01.04.03 2850 1700 2206 1700 1900
01.04.04 2850 1700 2137 1700 1900
01.04.05 2850 1700 2384 1700 1900
01.04.06 3200 1920 3200 1920 3200
01.04.07 3200 1920 3200 1920 3200
01.04.08 3200 1920 3200 1920 3200
01.04.09 3200 1920 3200 1920 3200

Source: Indian Petroleum & Natural Gas Statistics published by M/o

Petroleum & Natural Gas

249
7.Petroleum & Natural Gas Extraction

Affordability

Table 7E.3 : Trends in Retail Selling Prices

of Selected Petroleum Products in
Metropolitan Towns in India
Price as on Mumbai Kolkata Delhi Chennai
Motor Spirit (Rs./Litre)
01.04.01 31.73 29.03 28.75 30.88
01.04.02 30.78 26.99 26.54 28.49
01.04.03 38.59 35 33.49 36.56
01.04.04 38.83 36.61 33.71 36.79
01.04.05 43.23 40.89 37.99 41.25
01.04.06 49.16 46.9 43.49 47.49
01.04.07 48.41 46.9 42.85 47.48
01.04.08 50.51 48.95 45.52 49.61
01.04.09 44.55 44.05 40.62 44.24
High Speed Diesel (Rs./Litre)
01.04.01 20.07 16.92 17.06 18.01
01.04.02 21.1 16.97 16.6 18.1
01.04.03 27.88 23.51 22.11 24.65
01.04.04 27.43 23.99 21.73 24.23
01.04.05 32.83 28.72 28.22 29.3
01.04.06 37.57 32.87 30.45 33.72
01.04.07 34.96 32.88 30.25 33.31
01.04.08 36.08 33.92 31.76 34.4
01.04.09 34.45 32.92 30.86 32.82
Superior Kerosene Oil (Rs./Litre)
01.04.01 7.57 7.76 7.35 7
01.04.02 9.01 9.27 8.98 8.4
01.04.03 9.26 9.3 9.01 8.4
01.04.04 9.26 9.3 9.01 8.4
01.04.05 9.28 9.26 9.02 8.39
01.04.06 9.05 9.3 9.05 8.39
01.04.07 9.05 9.29 9.09 8.39
01.04.08 9.1 9.3 9.09 8.39
01.04.09 9.1 9.75 9.22 8.39
Liquefied Petroleum Gas(Rs./14.2 Kg Cylinder)
01.04.01 225.2 245.65 222.25 228.65
01.04.02 244.95 265.55 240.45 247.4
01.04.03 250.61 266.3 241.21 248.17
01.04.04 251 266.7 241.6 248.55
01.04.05 297.95 300.5 294.75 288.15
01.04.06 297.95 300.5 294.75 288.15
01.04.07 298 300.5 294.75 288.1
01.04.08 298 300.5 294.75 288.1
01.04.09 312.05 327.25 279.7 314.55

Source: Indian Petroleum & Natural Gas Statistics published by M/o

Petroleum & Natural Gas

250