When You Are Old - W. B. Yeats

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WHEN YOU ARE OLD

By
William Butler Yeats

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INTRO

Yeats’
personal
experience

LOVE

Broken
heart
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ANALYSIS
When You Are Old
by William Butler Yeats point of
symbol
view
When you are old and grey and full of sleep,
And nodding by the fire, take down this book,
And slowly read, and dream of the soft look theme tone
Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;

How many loved your moments of glad grace,


And loved your beauty with love false or true,
poetic
But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you, analysis style
And loved the sorrows of your changing face; devices

And bending down beside the glowing bars,


Murmur, a little sadly, how Love fled
And paced upon the mountains overhead
And hid his face amid a crowd of stars. 11/11/19 3

Source: The Collected Poems of W. B. Yeats (1989) Click here to listen to the poem!
alliteration
POETIC DEVICES

meter

rhyme
Poetic
Devices
imagery

repetition 11/11/19 4
RHYME

End Rhyme

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METER

This poem uses iambic pentameter.


Iambic, the poem is started by unstressed and followed by stressed, two syllables.
Pentameter, the poem consist of five foots.

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REPETITION

The author utilizes the word “and” several times, for instance, in the first stanza. This
gives the stanza a rhythmic beat and structure and extends the pome giving it a feeling
of old age.

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ALLITERATION

Alliteration of long sounds, esp. l’s and w’s, in essence to give the poem a very drawn
out and sleepy feel.
Also, the author employs spondaic foot.

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STANZAIC FORMS

Quatrain i.e. four lines in each stanza with a rhyme pattern of “a b b a”

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IMAGERY

Personification of “love”. It elaborates the themes of romance and loss.


Besides, the capitalization of the word “Love” may entail personification about whom
she loved.

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Theme
• Regret

Point of View
• Second person

Tone
• Sad
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SYMBOL

Words/Phrases Interpretations
“Gray and old and full of sleep” An elderly woman
“Fire” Warmth or comfort and her want for the
fiery love she once rejected

“mountains overhead” and “crowd of something the elderly woman can always
stars” see and always know is there, but never
fully reach

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COMMENT

Distressing ending of this poem suggests the readers esp. women to


reconsider their future and not to grow old without anyone by their side.
You won’t notice the real value of the things you have until you don’t
have them anymore.

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