Exponents: Self-Instructional Materials Skill

Distance Education for Elementary Schools
Self- Instructional Materials

Skill:
Exponents
Department of Education
BUREAU OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
2ND Floor Bonifacio , Building
Dep Ed Complex, Meralco Avenue
Pasig City
EXPONENTS
Objective: Give the meaning of exponent and base

Identify the base and exponent in a given expression
Rewrite a simple expression using exponent and vice versa
Review
Do you still remember your multiplication table?
A. Find the products in each of the following.
1) 100 x 100
2) 35 x 35
3) 9x9x9
4) 4x4x4x4
5) 2x2x2x2x2
B. Find the products of the following. See if you can get all correctly.
1) 121 x 121
2) 89 x 89
3) 50 x 50 x 50
4) 20 x 20 x 20 x 20
5) 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10
Let us try again. This time you will be dealing with bigger numbers.
Study and Learn
Look closely at the following:
1) 100 x 100
2) 35 x 35
3) 9x9x9
4) 4x4x4x4
5) 2x2x2x2x2
1
Look closely at the numbers used in each expression.
Let us answer the following questions.
A. 100 x 100: Are the factors the same? (Yes)

What are the factors used? (100)
How many times is the number used as a factor?
(2 times)
What operation is used? (multiplication)
B. 35 x 35: Are the factors the same?

What are the factors used?
What operation is used?
C. 9 x 9 x 9: Are the factors the same?

Are the operations the same?
D. 4 x 4 x 4 x 4: Are the factors used the same?

E. 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2: Are the factors the same?

Look closely at your answers to the questions given for each example.
Go back and write down your answers to the following questions.
Examples
Questions
A B C D E
Are the factors the
same?
Are the operations the
same?
2
Are your answers to each of the three questions the same from Example A to
E?
Since all the answers are the same, then we can rewrite the five examples as
equations.
1) 100 x 100 = 1002

2) 35 x 35 = 352
3) 9 x 9 x 9 = 93
4) 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 = 44
5) 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 25
Are 1002, 352, 93, 44, and 25 expressions?

Yes, they are expressions since each one represents a number.
What do you observe with these new expressions?
In 1002, both 100 and 2 are numbers.

How are each one written?
The number 100 is written in normal size, but the number 2 is written in a
smaller size and placed above the right side of 100. (This is known as
superscript).
The numbers 100 and 2 are written differently because each one has a
different meaning.
Try to look at this:
1002 exponent
base
The BASE tells us the number used as a repeated factor.

The EXPONENT tells us how many times the number (base) is used as a
factor.
In 352, which is the base? Which is the exponent? How about in 9 3? 45?
Let us now do it the other way around. Let us rewrite expressions with
exponents into a simple multiplication phrase. Let’s try 352.
How many times do we need to multiply 35 by itself?
Therefore, 352 can be written as 35 x 35.
Take a look at the other examples below.
93 = 9 x 9 x 9
45 = 4 x 4 x 4 x 4 x 4
54 = 5 x 5 x 5 x 5
3
Try This
Read the direction for each exercise carefully. Write the answers in your
notebook.
A. Identify the base and exponent.
1) 752
2) 8014
3) 63622
B. Rewrite using exponents.
1) 7x7x7x7
2) 30 x 30 x 30
3) 18 x 18 x 18 x 18 x 18 x 18 x 18 x 18
4) 241 x 241 x 241 x 241
5) 1x1x1x1x1x1x1x1x1x1x1x1
C. Rewrite as a simple multiplication phrase.
1) 39
2) 957
3) 1863
4) 2464
5) 13752
Wrap Up
Remember:
The base is the number used repeatedly as factor.

The exponent tells how many times the base is used
as a factor.
4
On Your Own
Read the direction for each test carefully. Write your answers in your notebook.
A. Choose the letters that do not belong to the meaning.
1. The base
a. is used as a factor.
b. is used repeatedly.
c. is written in a small size.
d. shows the number of times a factor is used.
e. is written in a normal size.
2. The exponent
a. is used as a factor.
b. shows the number of times a factor is used.
c. is used repeatedly.
d. is written in a small size.
e. is written in superscript.
B. Underline the best answer for each.
1. In 79, the number 7 is the (base, exponent).

2. In 92, the number 2 is written in (subscript, superscript).
3. In 37141, the number 41 is the (base, exponent).
4. In 658, the number 65 is written in (normal, small) size.
5. In 4197, the number 419 (is the factor, tells how many times the factor is
used).
6. In 632, the number 2 (is the factor, tells how many times the factor is
used).
C. Rewrite using exponents or as a simple expression.
1) 453
2) 1635
3) 87 x 87 x 87 x 87 x 87 x 87
4) 136 x 136 x 136 x 136
5) 8x8x8x8x8x8x8x8
5
Key to Correction
REVIEW
A. B.
1) 10 000 1) 15 625
2) 1 225 2) 7 921
3) 729 3) 125 000
4) 256 4) 160 000
5) 32 5) 100 000
TRY THIS
A.
1. base – 75 exponent – 8
B.
1. 74
2. 303
3. 188
4. 2414
5. 112
C.
1. 3x3x3x3x3x3x3x3x3
2. 95 x 95 x 95 x 95 x 95 x 95 x 95
3. 186 x 186 x 186
4. 246 x 246 x 246 x 246
5. 1 375 x 1 375
ON YOUR OWN
A. C.
1. c and d 1) 45 x 45 x 45
2. a and c 2) 163 x 163 x 163 x 163 x 163
3) 876
B. 4) 1364
1. base 5) 88
2. superscript
3. exponent
4. normal
5. is the factor
6. tells how many times the factor is used

Exponents: Self-Instructional Materials Skill

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Distance Education for Elementary Schools

Self- Instructional Materials

Objective: Give the meaning of exponent and base

Do you still remember your multiplication table?

A. Find the products in each of the following.

Study and Learn

Look closely at the following:

Let us answer the following questions.

A. 100 x 100: Are the factors the same? (Yes)

B. 35 x 35: Are the factors the same?

C. 9 x 9 x 9: Are the factors the same?

D. 4 x 4 x 4 x 4: Are the factors used the same?

E. 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2: Are the factors the same?

Go back and write down your answers to the following questions.

1) 100 x 100 = 1002

Are 1002, 352, 93, 44, and 25 expressions?

In 1002, both 100 and 2 are numbers.

Try to look at this:

The BASE tells us the number used as a repeated factor.

How many times do we need to multiply 35 by itself?

Therefore, 352 can be written as 35 x 35.

Take a look at the other examples below.

A. Identify the base and exponent.

B. Rewrite using exponents.

C. Rewrite as a simple multiplication phrase.

The base is the number used repeatedly as factor.

A. Choose the letters that do not belong to the meaning.

B. Underline the best answer for each.

1. In 79, the number 7 is the (base, exponent).

C. Rewrite using exponents or as a simple expression.

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