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    Kingdoms (4º) PDF

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    Rocío Madolell
    The document summarizes three kingdoms - animal, plant, and fungi - and describes their key characteristics. It then discusses the structures and types of cells that make up living things. The document also outlines the main groups of invertebrates and vertebrates, providing examples from each. Finally, it describes the food chain and the roles of decomposers, producers, herbivores and carnivores in energy transfer between living things.

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    Kingdoms (4º) PDF

    Uploaded by

    Rocío Madolell
    53 views2 pages
    The document summarizes three kingdoms - animal, plant, and fungi - and describes their key characteristics. It then discusses the structures and types of cells that make up living things. The document also outlines the main groups of invertebrates and vertebrates, providing examples from each. Finally, it describes the food chain and the roles of decomposers, producers, herbivores and carnivores in energy transfer between living things.

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    The document summarizes three kingdoms - animal, plant, and fungi - and describes their key characteristics. It then discusses the structures and types of cells that make up living things. The document also outlines the main groups of invertebrates and vertebrates, providing examples from each. Finally, it describes the food chain and the roles of decomposers, producers, herbivores and carnivores in energy transfer between living things.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    53 views2 pages

    Kingdoms (4º) PDF

    Uploaded by

    Rocío Madolell
    The document summarizes three kingdoms - animal, plant, and fungi - and describes their key characteristics. It then discusses the structures and types of cells that make up living things. The document also outlines the main groups of invertebrates and vertebrates, providing examples from each. Finally, it describes the food chain and the roles of decomposers, producers, herbivores and carnivores in energy transfer between living things.

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    UNIT 1.

    KINGDOMS

    1. KINGDOMS AND CELLS


    Three kingdoms: animal kingdom, plant kingdoms and fungi kingdom.

    Animal kingdom character:

    - They can move and eat other living things.

    - Eg: vertebrates and invertebrates.

    Plant kingdom character:

    - They can´t move around and produce their food (photosintesis).

    - Eg: grass, brushes and trees.

    Fungi kingdom character:

    - They can´t move around.

    - They can´t produce food.

    - They eat other living things.

    - Eg: mushrooms, yeast and mould.

    All living things are made of cells (animals, plants and fungi).

    Cells have 3 main parts: nucleus, membrane y cytoplasm.

    There are 2 types of cells: unicelular (1 cell: bacteria) and multicelular (many cells: animal).

    2. INVERTEBRATES AND VERTEBRATES


    Invertebrate are oviparous and they haven´t got backbone. They are 6 main groups: Molluscs,
    Jellyfish, Sponges, Echinoderms, Annelids and Arthropods.

    Molluscs have soft muscular body, often protected by a hard shell.

    Eg: With shell: snails Without shell: octopus slag

    Jellyfish have soft body called umbrella with tentacles and holes.

    Sponges have soft body whit holes and they stay on seabed. We use them in the bathroom.

    Echinoderms have hard skin with spikes to protected themselves form predators. (Eg: starfish).

    Annelids have long, soft body divided into segments. (Eg: earth worm, water worm).

    Arthropods are almost all animals. We have 3 parts: head, thorax and abdomen. We have jointed
    legs and exoskeleton.

    Insects: 6 legs
    Spider: 8 legs
    Crabs: 10 legs
    Centipede: 100 legs

    Vertebrate have got back bone. They are 5 groups: Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians and
    Fish.

    RESPIRATION
    GROUP ANIMAL NUTRITION REPRODUCTION (They breathe
    with…)

    MAMMALS dog, whale omnivore viviparous lungs

    omnivore and
    BIRDS parrot, eagle oviparous lungs
    carnivore

    REPTILES cocodrile, snake carnivore oviparous lungs

    AMPHIBIANS toad, frogs carnivore oviparous lungs, gills

    omnivore and viviparous and


    FISH shark, clown fish gills
    carnivore oviparous

    3. FOOD CHAIN
    Animals, plants, fungi… need each other to survive. All living things need energy to live. They get
    energy from food. Who eats what?

    - Descomposer: bacteria and fungi decompose dead animals and turn them into nutrients for the
    soil.

    - Producers: plants produce their own food from than soil+water+sunlight.

    - Herbivores: eat the plants.

    - Carnivores: eat herbivores and omnivores. The waste go to the soil again.

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