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    PSYC101 - General Psychology

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    This document provides an introduction to psychology and covers various topics in the first three weeks including definitions of key terms like psyche, behavior, and mental processes. It also covers perspectives in psychology like psychoanalytic theory, psychodynamic, sociocultural, counseling psychology, and evolutionary perspective. Various research methods are discussed like variables, theories, hypotheses, and types of correlations and experiments. The biological basis of behavior is introduced covering topics like neurons, the brain, and neurotransmission.

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    PSYC101 - General Psychology

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    238 views9 pages
    This document provides an introduction to psychology and covers various topics in the first three weeks including definitions of key terms like psyche, behavior, and mental processes. It also covers perspectives in psychology like psychoanalytic theory, psychodynamic, sociocultural, counseling psychology, and evolutionary perspective. Various research methods are discussed like variables, theories, hypotheses, and types of correlations and experiments. The biological basis of behavior is introduced covering topics like neurons, the brain, and neurotransmission.

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    PSYC101 - General Psychology ANSWERS

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    This document provides an introduction to psychology and covers various topics in the first three weeks including definitions of key terms like psyche, behavior, and mental processes. It also covers perspectives in psychology like psychoanalytic theory, psychodynamic, sociocultural, counseling psychology, and evolutionary perspective. Various research methods are discussed like variables, theories, hypotheses, and types of correlations and experiments. The biological basis of behavior is introduced covering topics like neurons, the brain, and neurotransmission.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    238 views9 pages

    PSYC101 - General Psychology

    Uploaded by

    avocado roll
    This document provides an introduction to psychology and covers various topics in the first three weeks including definitions of key terms like psyche, behavior, and mental processes. It also covers perspectives in psychology like psychoanalytic theory, psychodynamic, sociocultural, counseling psychology, and evolutionary perspective. Various research methods are discussed like variables, theories, hypotheses, and types of correlations and experiments. The biological basis of behavior is introduced covering topics like neurons, the brain, and neurotransmission.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9
    At a glance
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    The document discusses the history and theories of psychology including psychoanalytic theory, behaviorism, cognitive psychology and more.

    The main components of a neuron are the cell body, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, terminal buttons and glial cells.

    The cerebellum is necessary for balance, muscle tone and motor skills. The medulla regulates vital functions like respiration. The amygdala governs emotions like fear and aggression.

    Week 1 : Introduction to Psychology

    Short Quiz 1
    ● This is a Greek word which means “mind.”
    psyche

    ● The ancient Greek philosopher who wrote about psyche and first broadly defined the subject
    matter was
    Aristotle

    ● Refers to all of a person’s overt actions that others directly observe.


    Behavior

    ● Refers to the private thoughts, emotions, feelings and motives that other people cannot directly
    observe.
    Mental processes
    ● This is a Greek word which means “the study of.”
    Logos

    Short Quiz 2

    Answer : Psychoanalytic Theory


    ● It posits that humans are similar to animals in
    that they posses basic sexual and aggressive
    instincts that motivate behavior. Unlike
    animals, humans can reason and think,
    especially as they mature.

    Answer : Psychodynamic perspective


    ● It focuses on internal, often unconscious
    mental processes, motives, and desires or
    childhood conflicts to explain behavior

    Answer : Sociocultural perspective


    ● it adopts a wider view of the impact of the
    environment on behavior and mental
    processes. It suggests that your society or
    culture influences your actions.
    Answer : Counseling Psychology
    ● Specialists in this field help people with
    personal or school problems and with career
    choices.

    Answer : Evolutionary Perspective


    ● It proposes that natural selection is the
    process at work. Behaviors that increase your
    chances of surviving are favored or selected
    over behaviors that decrease your chances of
    surviving.

    Answer : Behaviorism
    ● It focused on observable behavior and not on
    the mind.

    Answer : Gestalt
    ● It emphasizes that “The whole is different
    from the sum of its parts.”

    Answer: Functionalism
    ● it focuses on the adaptive value of behavior.

    Answer : Structuralism
    ● Wundt’s view that mental experiences were
    created by different elements is referred to as
    _____________.

    Answer : Cognitive Psychology


    ● It examines attention, consciousness,
    information processing, and memory. It also
    focuses on cognitive skills and abilities such
    as problem solving, decision making,
    expertise, and intelligence.

    Short Quiz 3
    ● Gestalt is any object or event that is
    perceived by our senses.
    ● False
    ● Forensic psychology applies psychology to
    the legal system. Forensic psychologists
    might help with jury selection or provide
    expert testimonies in trials.
    ● True

    ● A response is an organism’s reaction to a


    stimulus.
    ● True

    ● Sigmund Freud established the first


    psychology laboratory in 1879 at the
    University of Leipzig, in Germany.
    ● False

    ● Health psychology examines how people


    become who they are, from conception to
    death, concentrating on biological and
    environmental factors.
    ● False

    ● American Psychologists Martin Seligman and


    Ed Diener introduced behaviorism.
    ● False

    ● Darwin’s theory speculated that certain


    behaviors or traits that enhance survival are
    naturally selected.
    ● True

    ● Clinical psychology applies findings in all


    areas of psychology in the workplace.
    ● False

    ● Community psychology is concerned with


    providing accessible care for people with
    psychological problems. Community-based
    mental health centers are one means of
    delivering such services as outreach
    programs.
    ● True

    ● Environmentalpsychology explores the


    effects of physical settings in most major
    areas of psychology including perception,
    cognition, learning, and others.
    ● True

    Week 2 : Research Methods

    Short Quiz 4

    ● Any changeable phenomenon that a scientist studies is called ______________.


    ● Variable
    ● Which of the following topics would a psychologist have the least interest in?
    Weather Patterns

    ● It is a broad idea or set of closely related ideas that attempts to explain observations.
    Theory

    ● It provides an objective description of how a variable is going to be measured and observed in a


    particular study.
    Operational Definition

    ● It is a testable prediction that derives logically from a theory.


    Hypothesis

    ● Paul believes that physical attractive people are selfish. He conducts a study to see if he is right. He
    goes up to five people he thinks are good looking and asks them for spare change. They all turn him
    down. Paul concludes “Aha! I knew it all along.” The operational definition of selfish in Paul’s study is
    _______________.
    whether people gave Paul a spare change

    ● Which of the following statements is correct?


    Only experimental research allows researchers to determine causality.

    ● The more hours that students work, the less successful they are academically. This is an example of
    what type of correlation?
    Negative

    ● In an experiment on attitudes, participants are given either positive or negative information about a
    speaker and then asked to evaluate the effectiveness of the speaker. In this experiment, which is the
    independent variable?
    The type of information the participant is given

    ● Which of the following statements is true?


    Quasi experimental research is not a true experiment because participants are not randomly
    assigned to different conditions.

    Week 3 : Biological Basis of Behavior


    Short Quiz 5
    ● It contains a nucleus.
    ● Cell body

    ● The nucleus of neuron contains____________ the chemical that contains the genetic blueprint that
    directs the development of the neuron.
    DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

    ● It is like a fence that surrounds the entire neuron, giving it shape and keeping the cell’s internal fluid
    inside; it is said to be semi-permeable.
    Cell membrane

    ● These are branchlike structures that receive incoming signals from other neurons.
    ● Dendrites

    ● It is a long tail-like structure growing out of the other end of the cell which carries signals away from
    the cell body.
    Axon

    ● It consists of layer of cells containing fat, encases and insulates most axons.
    ● Myelin Sheath

    ● These are located at the ends of the axon where neurotransmitters are stored before being released
    into the synapse.
    ● Terminal Buttons

    ● These provide support, nutritional benefits, and other functions in the nervous system.
    ● Glial cells

    ● This is resting state of the neuron, when more negative ions are inside and more positive ions are
    outside the cell membrane.
    ● Polarized State

    ● These are chemical substances that are stored in very tiny sacs within the terminal buto the next
    neuron.

    Long Quiz 001


    ● It maintains homeostasis in the body or a state of internal equilibrium across a variety of bodily
    systems.
    ● Hypothalamus

    ● It serves as a relay station for information coming from our senses to the brain.
    ● Thalamus

    ● This governs high-level processes in the brain such as cognition and language.
    ● cerebral cortex

    Match the item to what it defines.

    Answer : Functionalism
    It focuses on the adaptive value of behavior.

    Answer : Behaviorism
    It focused on observable behavior and not on the mind.

    Answer : Sociocultural perspective


    It adopts a wider view of the impact of the environment on
    behavior and mental processes. It suggests that your
    society or culture influences your actions.

    Answer : Structuralism
    Wundt’s view that mental experiences were created by
    different elements is referred to as _____________.

    Answer : Psychodynamic
    It focuses on internal, often unconscious mental
    perspective
    processes, motives, and desires or childhood conflicts to
    explain behavior.

    Answer : Counselling Psychology


    Specialists in this field help people with personal or school
    problems and with career choices.
    Answer : Gestalt Psychology
    It emphasizes that “The whole is different from the sum of
    its parts.”

    Answer : Psychoanalytic Theory


    It posits that humans are similar to animals in that they
    posses basic sexual and aggressive instincts that motivate
    behavior. Unlike animals, humans can reason and think,
    especially as they mature.

    Answer : Cognitive Psychology


    It examines attention, consciousness, information
    processing, and memory. It also focuses on cognitive
    skills and abilities such as problem solving, decision
    making, expertise, and intelligence.

    Answer : Evolutionary Perspective


    It proposes that natural selection is the process at work.
    Behaviors that increase your chances of surviving are
    favored or selected over behaviors that decrease your
    chances of surviving.

    This is necessary for balance, muscle tone and performance of motor skills.
    Cerebellum

    This regulates heartbeat and respiration and plays a role in sneezing, coughing, vomiting, swallowing
    and digestion.
    Medulla

    This governs the emotion of fear and aggression.


    amygdala

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