Designation: A 297/A 297M – 97 (Reapproved 1998)

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS

100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM

Standard Specification for

Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel,
Heat Resistant, for General Application1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 297/A 297M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope ments of Specification A 781/A 781M constitutes nonconfor-

1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium and iron- mance with this specification. In case of conflict between the
chromium-nickel alloy castings for heat-resistant service. The requirements of this specification and Specification A 781/
grades covered by this specification are general purpose alloys A 781M, this specification shall prevail.
and no attempt has been made to include heat-resisting alloys 4. Ordering Information
used for special production application.
4.1 The inquiry and order should include or indicate the
NOTE 1—For heat-resisting alloys used for special product application, following:
reference should be made to SpecificationA 351/A 351M, A 217/A 217M,
4.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number or
and A 447/A 447M.
drawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on the
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units casting drawing),
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the 4.1.2 Grade of steel,
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each 4.1.3 Options in the specification, and
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must 4.1.4 The supplementary requirements desired including the
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the standards of acceptance.
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
cation. 5. Process
5.1 Alloys shall be made by the following processes:
2. Referenced Documents
electric-arc, electric-induction, or other approved processes.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic 6. Heat Treatment
Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure–Containing Parts, Suit- 6.1 Castings for heat-resistant service may be shipped in the
able for High-Temperature Service2 as-cast condition without heat treatment. If heat treatment is
A 351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, Aus- required, the treatment shall be established by mutual agree-
tenitic–Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure–Containing Parts2 ment between the manufacturer and the purchaser and shall be
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing so specified in the inquiry, contract, or order.
of Steel Products3
A 447/A447M Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium- 7. Chemical Composition
Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature 7.1 Alloys shall conform to the requirements as to chemical
Service2 composition prescribed in Table 1.
A 781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy,
Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use2 8. Repair by Welding
8.1 The composition of the deposited weld metal shall be
3. General Conditions for Delivery similar to the composition of the casting. All weld repairs shall
3.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to be subjected to the same inspection standards as the casting.
the requirements of Specification A 781/A 781M, including 8.2 Castings with major weld repairs shall be heat treated in
any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the accordance with Section 6.
purchase order. Failure to comply with the general require- 8.3 Weld repairs shall be considered major when the depth
of the cavity after preparation for repair exceeds 20 % of the
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel, actual wall thickness, or 1 in. [25 mm], whichever is smaller,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee or when the extent of the cavity exceeds approximately 10
A01.18 on Castings. in.2[65 cm2].
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1997. Published October 1998. Originally
published as A 297 – 46 T. Last previous edition A 297/A 297M – 89. 8.3.1 When Supplementary Requirement S7 is specified on
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02. the purchase order, or inquiry, major weld repairs shall be
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.

1
 A 297/A 297M
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements

Composition, %
Grade Type Manganese, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Molybdenum,
Carbon Chromium Nickel
max max max max maxA
HF 19 Chromium, 9 Nickel 0.20–0.40 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 18.0–23.0 8.0–12.0 0.50
HH 25 Chromium, 12 Nickel 0.20–0.50 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 24.0–28.0 11.0–14.0 0.50
HI 28 Chromium, 15 Nickel 0.20–0.50 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 26.0–30.0 14.0–18.0 0.50
HK 25 Chromium, 20 Nickel 0.20–0.60 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 24.0–28.0 18.0–22.0 0.50
HE 29 Chromium, 9 Nickel 0.20–0.50 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 26.0–30.0 8.0–11.0 0.50
HT 15 Chromium, 35 Nickel 0.35–0.75 2.00 2.50 0.04 0.04 15.0–19.0 33.0–37.0 0.50
HU 19 Chromium, 39 Nickel 0.35–0.75 2.00 2.50 0.04 0.04 17.0–21.0 37.0–41.0 0.50
HW 12 Chromium, 60 Nickel 0.35–0.75 2.00 2.50 0.04 0.04 10.0–14.0 58.0–62.0 0.50
HX 17 Chromium, 66 Nickel 0.35–0.75 2.00 2.50 0.04 0.04 15.0–19.0 64.0–68.0 0.50
HC 28 Chromium 0.50 max 1.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 26.0–30.0 4.00 max 0.50
HD 28 Chromium, 5 Nickel 0.50 max 1.50 2.00 0.04 0.04 26.0–30.0 4.0–7.0 0.50
HL 29 Chromium, 20 Nickel 0.20–0.60 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 28.0–32.0 18.0–22.0 0.50
HN 20 Chromium, 25 Nickel 0.20–0.50 2.00 2.00 0.04 0.04 19.0–23.0 23.0–27.0 0.50
HP 26 Chromium, 35 Nickel 0.35–0.75 2.00 2.50 0.04 0.04 24–28 33–37 0.50

A
Castings having a specified molybdenum range agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser may also be furnished under these specifications.

subject to the prior approval of the purchaser. may be made at the discretion of the manufacturer without
8.4 All other weld repairs shall be considered minor and prior approval of the purchaser.

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

The following supplementary requirements shall not apply unless specified in the purchase order. A
list of standardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser is included in
Specification A 781/A 781M. Those which are ordinarily considered suitable for use with this
specification are given below. Others enumerated in A 781/A 781M may be used with this
specification upon agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser.

S1. Magnetic Particle Examination TABLE S9.1 Tensile Requirements

S2. Radiographic Examination
S3. Liquid Penetrant Examination Tensile Strength, Yield Point, Elongation
min min in 2 in.
S4. Ultrasonic Examination Grade Type
[50 mm],
S5. Examination of Weld Preparation ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] min, %A
S6. Certification HF 19 Chromium, 9 Nickel 70 485 35 240 25
S7. Prior Approval of Major Weld Repairs HH 25 Chromium, 12 Nickel 75 515 35 240 10
HI 28 Chromium, 15 Nickel 70 485 35 240 10
S8. Marking HK 25 Chromium, 20 Nickel 65 450 35 240 10
S9. Tension Test HE 29 Chromium, 9 Nickel 85 585 40 275 9
HT 15 Chromium, 35 Nickel 65 450 ... ... 4
S9.1 One tension test shall be made from material repre- HU 19 Chromium, 39 Nickel 65 450 ... ... 4
senting each heat. The bar from which the test specimen is HW 12 Chromium, 60 Nickel 60 415 ... ... ...
taken shall be heat treated in production furnaces to the same HX 17 Chromium, 66 Nickel 60 415 ... ... ...
HC 28 Chromium 55 380 ... ... ...
procedure as the castings it represents. The results shall HD 28 Chromium, 5 Nickel 75 515 35 240 8
conform to the requirements specified in Table S9.1. HL 29 Chromium, 20 Nickel 65 450 35 240 10
S9.2 Test bars shall be poured in separately cast keel blocks HN 20 Chromium, 25 Nickel 63 435 ... ... 8
HP 26 Chromium, 35 Nickel 62.5 430 34 235 4.5
similar to Fig. 3 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370 A
When ICI test bars are used in tensile testing as provided for in this
of Fig.1 of Specification A 447/A 447M. specification, the gage length to reduced section diameter ratio shall be 4 to 1.
S9.3 Tension test specimens may be cut from heat-treated
castings; or from as-cast castings if no heat treatment is
specified for the castings, instead of from test bars when agreed S9.5 If the results of the mechanical tests for any heat do not
upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. conform to the requirements specified, the castings may be
S9.4 Test specimens shall be machined to the form and re-heat treated and re-tested, but may not be solution treated or
dimensions of the standard round 2-in. [50-mm] gage length re-austenitized more than twice.
specimen shown in Fig. 6 of Test Methods and Definitions S9.6 If any test specimen shows defective machining or
A 370 and shall be tested in accordance with Test Methods and develops flaws, it may be discarded and another specimen
Definitions A 370. substituted from the same heat.

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 A 297/A 297M
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