Algebra

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Algebra Ex: - an expression which is made up of variables

5 + -7 = -2 and constants along with algebraic operations


A. Signed Numbers 8 + -12 = -4 (addition, subtraction, etc.)
◘ Subtraction of Signed Numbers
Signed numbers • To subtract positive and/or negative numbers,
- refers to the positive and negative sign of a just change the sign of the number being
number. subtracted and then add.
Number line Ex:
- a horizontal line with incremental marks Similar sign:
including the position of numbers. 23 - 12 = (23) + (-12) = 11
-157 - -13 = (-157) + (13) = -144
Different signs:
8 - -12 = (8) + (12) = 20
-3 - 5 = -8
◘ Multiplication of Signed Numbers 3 Types of Algebraic Expression
Same sign: • Monomial Expression
23 • 12 = 276 - only has one term
-157 • -13 = 2041 Ex:
Different sign: 3x4
8 • -12 = -96 3xy
-3 • 5 = -15 • Binomial Expression
◘ Division of Signed Numbers - has two unlike terms
Same sign Ex:
Ex: 5xy + 8
24 / 12 = 2 Xy3 + x3
-156 / -13 = 12 • Polynomial Expression
Different sign - has more than one terms with non-negative
9 / -12 = -0.75 integral exponents of a variable.
◘ Addition of Signed Numbers -3 / 5 = =0.6 Ex:
• When adding two numbers with the same sign Ab+bc+ca
(Postive (+) and positive (+)), add the absolute
value and keep the same sign.
Additional Types:
Ex:
5+4=9 • Numeric Expression
-8 + -3 = -11 - consists of numbers and operations, but never
• When adding two numbers with different signs include any variable.
(Positive (+) and negative (-)), subtract the B. Algebraic Expression Ex:
absolute value and keep the sign of the one with 10+5
larger absolute value. Algebraic Expression
15+2
• Variable Expression
- contains variables along with numbers and
operations.
Ex:
4x+y
5ab+33

Simplify the given expressions by combining


the like terms and write the type of Algebraic
expression.
(i) 3xy3 + 9x2 y3 + 8x3 + 5y3x
(ii) 7ab2 c2 + 2a3 b2 − 3abc – 5ab2 c2 –
2b2 a3 + 2ab
(iii) 50x3 – 20x + 83 + 21x3 – 3x + 3 + 15x –
41x3

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