Gear Design and Engineering Data

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The following are links to gears and their application, equations and other design data.
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Practical Gear Design and Manufacture Handbook 872 pages, Premium account required, Gears are
produced in enormous amounts - billions of gears are produced by industries every year. While the
automotive industry ranks as the primary consumer of gears, numerous other industries also require
huge amounts of gears: aerospace (helicopter transmission, etc ), construction machinery, and
agricultural machinery, to name a few.
AGMA Fine Pitch Tolerances for Gears Gear tolerance chart below, lists the more common tolerance or
quality specifications assigned for Spur, Helical and Herringbone type gears.
Analytical Mechanics Of Gears The subtitle of this treatise could well be Final Report of the ASME
Special Research Committees on Worm Gears and the Strength of Gears
Automotive Transmission Gear Ratio Equation and Calculator Resultant vehicle speed at inown engine
rpm
Centrifugal Force Calculations of Rotating Body When gear rotates about any axis other than one at its
center of mass, it exerts an outward radial force called centrifugal force.
Critical Scuffing Temperature for Gears For a given mineral oil without anti-scuffing or extreme
pressure additives, there is a critical scuffing temperature that is constant regardless of operating
conditions.
Elements of Metric Gear Design - There are few mechanical devices that do not have the need to
transmit power and motion between rotating shafts. Gears not only do this most satisfactorily, but can
do so with uniform motion and reliability.
Engineering and Applications Factor of Safety Review Factor of Safety (FOS) for structural applications
is the ratio of the allowable working unit stress, allowable stress or working stress.
Flywheel Mass, Size Design Equations and Calculator The torque-angle relationship for an engine or
machine depends on the the amount of work required.
Gear Design and Application Summary And Evaluation Of Gear Applications for engineering and
design.
Gears, Cylindrical Methods of Inspection Indian Standard IS 7504
Gear Pitch Conversions The following charts convert gear pitch dimensional data to the following:
Diametral Pitch Module Circular Pitch
Gear and Tooth Component Illustration A gear or cogwheel is a rotating machine part having cut teeth,
or cogs, which mesh with another toothed part in order to transmit torque.
Gear Equations, Calculators and Formula Spur Gear design formula for geometry, pitch, tooth clearance
and critical functional data.
Gear Material Steels for Industrial Gearing Gear engineering materials are typical steel used within
industrial applications.
Gear Terminology and Definitions Backlash is the amount by which the width of a tooth space exceeds
the thickness of the engaging tooth on the pitch circles.
Gears Lubrication General Gear lubricants are formulated and applied to prevent premature component
failure, assure reliable operation, reduce operating cost, and increase service life.
Gear Type and Overview Spur Gears, Rack and Pinion Gears, Internal Ring Gears, Helical Gears, Helical
rack Gears, Face Gears, Worm Gears, Double Enveloping GEars, Hypoid Gears, Straight Bevel Gears,
Spiral Bevel Gears, Screw Gears
Gears Wear, Failure and Lubrication The most critical function provided by gears lubricants is to
minimize friction and wear to extend equipment service life.
Gear Pitting and Lubrication Pitting occurs when fatigue cracks are initiated on the tooth surface or just
below the surface.
Gear Lubricant Characteristics and Viscosity Gear lubricant must possess the following characteristics:
Gear Scuffing Wear Gear scuffing can occur when there is substantial sliding between a lubricated
rolling contact
Gears Spur and Helical Gears Calculation of Load Capacity
Gear Tooth Strength Calculation and Equation Design guidelines for determining or estimating your
required gear tooth strength.
Gear Wear, Adhesion and Guidelines The amount of gear wear that is acceptable depends on the
expected life, noise, and vibration of the gear units.
Gear Wear and Abrasion Adhesive wear can be found between gear tooth surfaces during frictional
contact.
Gearbox Design and Application Overview Regardless of the initial conceptualization approach,
engineering and design must identify the gearbox application, gear configurations / type and
packaging requirements.
Gear Motor Transmission Inertia Drive Calculator
Table of powers, speeds, transmission ratios, dimensions (orientation values) for Gearing
Helical Gear and Pinion Calculator and Equations This calculator will determine the following design
variables for a gear and pinion.
Standard Keys and Keyseats Recommended Practice per. ANSI B17.1 Recommended uniform
relationship between shaft diameter and key sizes for parallel and taper keys
Standard Plain and Gib Head Keys Specifications per. ANSI B17.1
Design Fits for Parallel and Taper Keys per. ANSI B17.1
Keyway Cutter Hole Keyway Dimensional Data - ANSI/ASME B94.19-1997 American National Standard
Keys and Keyways for Milling Cutters and Arbors
Shaft Key Seat Depth Control Values S and T for Shaft and Hub ANSI B17.1
Keyseat Design Tolerances for Electric Motors and Generator Shaft Extensions per. ANSI B17.1
Inspection Techniques for Spur Gears There are several methods used within industry to perform
dimensional conformance inspection on spur gears.
Involute Spline Engineering Drawing Data When defining engineering design data on an engineering
drawing for involute splines, uniform and consistent specifications.
Involute Spline per ANSI B92.1 Equations These splines or multiple keys are similar in form to internal
and external involute gears.
Involute Spline and Serration Universal Design Calculator Involute Spline and Serration Design
Calculator for the following engineering standards:
Involute Gear Design Equations and Calculator Equations and engineering design calculator to
determine critical design dimensions and features for an involute gear
Lewis Factor Equation Lewis factor Equation is derived by treating the tooth as a simple cantilever and
with tooth contact occurring at the tip as shown above.
Metric and American Gear Equivalents Table #1 for sizes 1/2 to 7"
Metric and American Gear Equivalents Table 2 for sizes 7.2571 to 203.2".
Materials for Helicopter Gears - National Research Council
Micropitting and Gear Lubrication Micropitting occurs on surface-hardened gears and is characterized
by extremely small pits approximately.
Physical Properties of Plastics Used in Gear Design
Pinned Sleeve Shaft Coupling Design Equations and Calculator
Polishing Wear of Gears Polishing wear is characterized by a mirror-like finish of the gear teeth
Power Screw Design Equations and Calculator
Gear Ratio Equations and Calculators of Planetary or Epicyclic Gear Assemblies Gear Ratio Equations
and Calculators
Planetary Gears Principle of Operation Part 1. This video demonstrates the principles of operation
governing simple planetary gear operation.
 Planetary Gears Principle of Operation. This video demonstrates the principles of operation governing
multiple planetary gear sets - The Three Planet Carrier Laws
Roller Chains Review Roller chains are used to transmit mechanical energy between sprockets in power
transmission applications.
Screw Gear Axial Force Calculation Axial thrust or load applied per the applied on a screw (worm gear)
thread calculate the axial thrust of a nut.
Shaft Arbor and Keyseat Dimensional Data - ANSI/ASME B94.19 E & F Standard Keys and Keyways for
Milling Cutters and Arbors ANSI/ASME B94.19 Shaft and Arbor Class E and F
Shaft (Arbor) Keyway Dimensional Data - ANSI/ASME B94.19 A & B Standard Keys and Keyways for
Milling Cutters and Arbors ANSI/ASME B94.19 Shaft and Arbor Class A and B
Sleeve Shaft Coupling Design Equations and Calculator
Specifying AGMA Bevel Gear, and Hypoid Gear Backlash Specifying mating gears backlash and
tolerances, is determined by the operating velocity, lubrication, modes of operation and loading
imposed on the mating gears.
Specifying AGMA Spur Gear, Helical Gear, and Herringbone Gear Backlash When specifying tolerances
to control backlash, care should be taken to ensure that excessive tight tolerances are not specified.
Splined Gears Preferred Number of Teeth 6mm to 58mm
Modules, reference diameters and numbers of teeth for splined gear shaft and diameters.
Splined Gears Preferred Number of Teeth 60mm to 500mm Modules, reference diameters and numbers
of teeth for splined gear shaft and diameters.
Spline Engineering Design Formula ISO 5480standard applies to splined connections with involute
splines based on reference diameters for connecting hubs and shafts..
Spline Gear Specifications on Engineering Drawings Geometrical data for spline gear teeth are too
extensive to specified directly on the engineering drawing as dimensions.
Spur and Helical Gear Mechanical Drawing Specifications Requirements Defining a gear for
manufacturing, or procurement requires engineering and manufacturing information.
Spur Gear Train Backlash Review Spur gear backlash is the amount of tooth space between mating
gears at the pitch circle diameter.
Spur Gear Design Calculator Tool Equation and calculator to determine spur gear design details
Spur Gears Force Analysis Equation and Calculator
Three Gears Ratios, Force Equations and Calculator
Gear Design for Known Center Distance and Ratio Calculator and Equation
Worm Gear Formula Table Worm gears are grouped into two general classes, fine-pitch worm gearing,
and coarse-pitch worm gearing.
Worm and Wormgear Design Equations and Calculator
Wormgear Sizing Equations and Calculator

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