POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 1

THE EFFECTS OF CONDUCTING RESEARCH IN MENTAL AND FINANCIAL

ASPECTS OF THE SENIOR HIGHSCHOOL GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND

STUDENTS IN POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

A partial fulfilment of Practical Research 2

Polytechnic University of the Philippines

By:

Cabrido, Dominic Savio T.

Cruz, Crimerlee Jane L.

Martinez, Rizelle Anne P.

Pacis, Chrisel Joyce M.

Palma, Julianne Clarisse K.

Reambillo, Russel S.

Tadeja, Bryan Joseph A.

Taduran, Paulois Amiel V.

Chapter 1

Introduction

Polytechnic University of the Philippines is one of the most outstanding, promising,

and competitive state universities here in the Philippines. It is composed of over 70,000

students in 22 branches and campuses, and one of the biggest producers of highly

competent and responsible professionals not only in the Philippines but in other countries as

well.

On year 2012, the Department of Education just implemented a new curriculum

which is the K to 12 Basic Curriculum Program, to facilitate the transition from the existing

10-year basic education to 12 years or Senior high school before going to college,

Department of Education and Basic Education Curriculum provide a list of core and applied

subjects to be offered in Grades 11 and 12, and to make sure that students are taking the

same subjects (core and applied) in every semester.

General Mathematics, Earth and Life Science, Oral Communication, and Reading

and Writing are the examples of core subjects, while Practical Research is one of the

example for applied subject, for the past 3 years, by the RA 10533 or Enhanced Basic

Education Act of 2013 PUP implemented this curriculum and successfully finished the first

batch of Senior High School.

dreamed of entering this institution, there are different students with different status in life,

from people that in need, to average people, and financially stable ones. There are some of

the students who are not lucky enough to study in this university.

One of the hardest related courses is Practical Research, the students of GAS

strand have to undertake 5 courses with aligned to research, Practical Research 1, Practical

Research 2, Pagbasa at Pagsususri ng Iba’t ibang Teksto Tungo sa Pananaliksik, Inquiries,

Investigation and Immersion and Research. According to Dr. Patrick McGrath (2014) in his

10 reasons why he hate research 4 years ago, research destroys some of the students with

great potential and crushes some of the best and brightest minds, research fails a lot of the

time, and sometimes research takes longer than you think it should to do a study.

On the other hand, research plays a huge role in improving not only our knowledge

but the country as well. “ Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think

what nobody else has thought ” so research is helping us see and understand how and what

society thinks, and finally research can also extrapolate how a city would likely to expand.

As cited by Szent-Gyorgi, Albert (2015).

For some instances, without research we are not ready to face the brutal forces of

nature, we are weak and defenceless. For example, without zoology, we would be unable to

know about studies of animal kingdom including their structures, branches and animals that

are existing and animals that already extinct, and conducting research as well, we would not

be able to know various problems and how to solve it, and to learn new knowledge on how

to make things easier to solve the unproven results.

Statement of the problem:

This research aims to determine the effects of Practical Research subject in financial

difficulties and mental health of the Grade 12 Senior High School student in Polytechnic

University of the Philippines Sta. Mesa.

Specifically, it might answer the following questions:

1. What are the advantages of having a research related as course?

2. What are the disadvantages of having a research as course?

3. Does the teachers knew the situation of every students conducting research in mental

and financial aspects?

4. What are the effects of research to the GAS students in terms of mental health?

5. What are the effects of research to the GAS students in terms of financial challenges?
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Theoretical framework:

This study requires every doctorate to have a theoretical framework that was

discussed in the literature review section. The theoretical framework is important because it

is a research study that supports a theory.

According to Tanni and Sormunen (2008) they used the term "learning task" and

"learning assignment" as the same meaning as the teacher-designed but learn-centered and

learning activity that only focuses on the specific area of knowledge. The aim of this learning

task is to help the learner achieve specified learning outcomes. But, Limberg (2007) stated

that each students experience the task given by the teachers differently.

Laws of learning (2005) defines the law of involvement where the students learn best

when they are actively part of the discussion. There are many ways on how a student easily

learn the discussion, it does not only involves the students but the teachers as well. The

communication skills of a teacher have a significant role in the academic performance of the

students, so the teachers need to adopt a good communication skills while teaching the

students. Journal of Education and Practice (2017).

The theoretical ideas that includes above are the support to the importance of

studying communicative interaction in the classroom, students' call for help to the teacher

that indicate zone of intervention. Also, the teacher can read sign of students getting stuck

and offer self-initiated support. Analyzing students' gestures or expressions for help provides

deep knowledge about the types of issues that the student struggling with. This issue might

help the teacher on how they will interact to the students and what strategies they will use to

help the students cope with their stress and issues.

Conceptual framework:

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Research-related courses in the The effects of Research-related

senior high school is an elective courses in the mental health and

course that SHS student must financial challenges of the Grade

take. 12 students in Polytechnic

University of the Philippines.

Intervening Variable

K-12 PROGRAM

Three (3) factors that can help teachers to be more effective mentors to the learner

especially courses that needs more of critical thinking:

1. Function to heighten the awareness of every faculty to the challenge of bringing

Critical thinking substantively into their Teaching Instruction

2. Provide practice-based strategies to upgrade the effectiveness of the instructions.

3. Lay a foundation for follow-up workshops

Scope and limitations of the study

The research aims to determine the effects of research related course in mental

health and financial challenges of the Senior High school students. This aims to inform

specifically Grade 12 students of Polytechnic University of the Philippines Sta. Mesa Manila,

General Academic Strand (GAS), during school year 2018-2019.

Therefore, the insight or data will only be limited for the ten chosen students of GAS strand

to present their perceptions on how the Practical Research subject can affect their financial

status and mental health, by answering the interview questions.

Significance of the study

Dep Ed: This study can be their guide to know what are the things that they could change in

their curriculum.

Teacher: This study can be their guide to teach their students the possibilities of what can

happen on their students, when they give a research that may affect their student’s

behaviour, it can be positive or negative.

Parents: This study can be used to inform the parents for the possibilities that could

happen to their children in terms of mental health. And also to know deeper for the positive

or negative circumstances that can may affect to their children.

may encounter in the school, this study can be used for some references and educational

purposes.

Researchers: This study can help them in the future for their research, they can get their

sources in this study that will help them to make their research easier.

Students: This study can help them in the future. This will help them in conducting more

research, it will be easy for them to cite their related literature about their research.
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Chapter 2

REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter includes some related literature and studies of foreign and local which are

presented in the following paragraphs.

The Importance of Research

As stated by the Diffusion Theory and Knowledge Dissemination, Utilization, and

Integration in Public Health Annual Review of Public Health (2009) the purpose of

research is to notify action. We accept the fact that a research is empirical rather than

making a hypothesis about what might be effective or what could work. We utilizes

technique that can be copy and produces result that are observed by the peers, and

create knowledge that we can apply on the real world situation.

As mentioned by Ayres (2019) qualitative research is an open-ended process. When

the researcher make a preparation for their research, there is a big chance that this

research structure will get the individual’s emotional response. This is very important to

the researcher for they can go deeper for an emotional response that will lead them to a

person’s decision or influences their behaviour.

Positive Effects of Research

As stated by World Health Organization (2014) mental health is viewed as "A

state of well-being in which individuals realize their own potential, can cope with the

normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully and able to make a

contribution to community." in this statement it is clearly states that mental health is good

for our body because we experience normal stresses in ourselves.

As stated by Villereal (2010) conducting research makes a student focus on

learning and provide students a potential method for learning and make them explore on

what are their interest.

In Academy in Finland, researchers encourage to consider what is the impact of a

research to students. Researchers studied that there is a positive effect in conducting a

research which are: boosting prosperity by providing solution for something and support

policy-making by providing reliable background, generate knowledge and skills needed in

working life and lastly, support individuals in mental ability to grow more . it also

contributes to the development of society's mind set on taking up a research related

courses. (Hakapaa 2017).

In United Kingdom (UK), Universities usually often to talk about how to conduct a

research especially if they are the top ranking university on the area . Some of the research

of a university are not even published to their University's website. Researchers think that

there is considerable misunderstanding about the applying a research related courses on

the educational institutions. Researching has its direct impact especially to students who

take units on it. Finally, and perhaps the most important thing on taking up a research
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related course, its huge effect on the students for they can be a globally aware citizens and

having such an up-to-date knowledge in the society. it also benefits students to provide

more efficient solution for a problem. (Homdan 2017).

Brunson’s (2017) study found that in his interview with emotional intelligence

expert and author Justin Bariso (2017), "Oprah spends a disproportionate amount of her

time gathering information from communities of people outside of her core (different age

groups, social classes, ethnicities, education levels, careers, etc.) and then she shares

that information within her community." This kind of effort shows the necessary role of

research in helping others and in raising social consciousness.

Negative Effects of Research

Santos’s (2018) study found that stress is inescapable in any condition and

situation. Every one of us whether you are rich, attractive, powerful, or happy experience

stress. However, stress may take differently depending on the situation and how one

recognize stress.

According to Bernstein (2008) viewed stressed as "A negative emotional,

cognitive behavioural and physiological process that occurs as a person tries to adjust to

or deal with stressors". In this statement the stress is understood in many walk of life with

diverse population especially among student.

As stated by Cuerpo (2017) the academic stress that the students are

experiencing is probably because of the Senior High Program. We need to know,

however, that if a student is having a hard time coping with academic stress then there

might be serious result such as psycho-social and emotional health consequences.

needs to know what it is and it causes, in order to cope with it well. He claims that

students experience stress since some are trying to cope up with the demands of

adapting to a new living environment, new peers, academic pressure, and sexual

concerns. Being in college can also put financial stress on the students and their families.

A 20-year old graduating student commits suicide and found dead in their

dormitory, Philip John Altubar is a candidate of cum laude at the College of Science and

Mathematics (CSM) of the Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology

(MSU-ITT). He was one of the honor students in their institution and a scholar as well.

Around 3 pm Altubar found by his dorm mate dead inside the toilet while hanging using a

leather belt attached to a steel towel hanger. Altubar said to his suicidal letter that he was

afraid not to graduate in magna cum laude and committed suicide due to pressure

(Juanite, Ted Khuan 2017).

According to Bocar (2009) of the De La Salle University. She concludes that “the

learning which the student-researchers got from their class discussion and applied in the

conduct of their research work is not the very reason that results in serious academic

difficulties and failures. The cooperation of the chosen respondents beyond the academic

institution is a very crucial problem. To some extent students also felt that those personal

problem like time and stress management may disturb their concentration.” It only states

here that there are different kinds of challenges in conducting a research that may cause

a positive or negative effect to the students.

Leal (2012) stated that T-test was used to evaluate the differences between male

and female on how they handle stress. The results revealed that the graduating students

of Isabela State University San Mateo campus experienced the different causes and
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sources, the effects and coping mechanisms of stress, the graduating students

experienced academic pressures and the causes and sources of stressor. Results also

showed that effects of stressor is different between male and female. Therefore,

knowledge of the causes and sources, the effects and coping mechanisms of stress help

college students confront stress constructively. So, the faculty and also the administration

shall strengthen the Guidance Program considering the physical, psychological and

academic effects of stress.

Financial stress may also affect the academic performance of the students. In

Scott-Clayton’s study (2012), he mentioned that over the pass few decades, more

students are working more hours. Therefore, an increase number of students must

balance the need to work and need to study.

Synthesis of the Reviewed of the Related Literature and Studies

As a whole, the literature and studies that were used are the supportive of the

variables used in this study, which especially talks about; The effects of conducting research

in mental and financial aspects of the senior high school GAS students in Polytechnic

University of the Philippines. This reviewed literature and study will be your guide to know

deeper about our chosen topic.

This chapter includes the Review of the Related Literature that we have found as the

researchers conducted this study. One of the effects that the researchers included for the

literature and study is the positive effects and the benefits of conducting research. The

researchers also included the country of Finland, wherein it is also known as the one of
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successful country in terms of educational system. The education system of Finland only

focuses on the academic study which aims to enhance the capability of the students in

learning. Thus, for United Kingdom (UK) University the research has a huge effect on the

students for they can be a globally aware citizens and having such an up-to-date knowledge

in the society. It also benefits students to provide more efficient solution for a problem.

The researchers included the negative effects for the literature and studies. It states

there that stress can affect the academic performance of every student, in different aspects

like mental stress and financial difficulties, some of this articles reported suicide because of

pressure and the causes and sources of stressor, and experienced challenges while

conducting a research.
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Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research methodologies used in the study. This includes the

research design, description of the respondents and data gathering procedure.

Research Design

Case study is the type of qualitative research that the researchers used in

conducting this study. This kind of research is portrayed on account of its all

encompassing methodology. It permits investigation and comprehension of complex

issues. In this type of research, the researchers thinks about the circumstance through

the experience and point of view of the respondents. This type of qualitative research

gives a full depiction of the topic individual's encounters, emotions, perspectives and

convictions. The focus of this study is to determine the effects of research in mental and

financial aspect of the senior high school gas student whenever they conducting a

research whether it is positive or negative effect. As for this study, we will be having a

one-on-one interview from the students that are randomly selected from different section

of General Academic Strand (GAS). The purpose of the interview is to express the

perspective and experience of the respondents whenever they make a research.

Description of the Respondents

The subjects of this study were the Grade 12 students of Senior High School at

Polytechnic University of the Philippines in Sta. Mesa Manila. Their ages ranged from 17

to 19 years old. The researcher selected two graduating students from General Academic

Strand (GAS) only. The respondents were 10 selected students which came from

General Academic Strand (GAS) during school year 2017-2018.

Data-gathering Procedure

Once the researcher finalized the preparation for the interview, the researcher will

conduct and prepare the questions that are relative to the study for the interviewees. The

aim of the questions that will be made is to know the insight of students regarding to the

researchers topic which is the effect of conducting Research in mental health and

financial challenges of Grade 12 General Academic Strand (GAS) students. The

participants of the study will be randomly selected from Grade 12 General Academic

Strand (GAS), two students per section. In doing this kind of interview, the researchers

will be applying the basic needed skills for being a qualitative researcher. The kind of

interview that the researcher chose is a one-on-one conversation from the chosen

students.