Simposio de Metrología 2010 27 al 29 de Octubre

HYDROMETER CALIBRATION:
LINKING SIM NMIs TO THE EURAMET KEY COMPARISON REFERENCE
VALUE OF EURAMET.M.D-K4
1 2 2
Becerra L O , Lorefice S , Pennecchi F
1
Centro Nacional de Metrología (CENAM),
km 4,5 Carretera a los Cués, Mpio. El Marqués, Qro. México
2
Instituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM)
Strada delle Cacce, 73 - 91 10135 Torino, Italy
lbecerra@cenam.mx, slorefice@inrim.it

1. INTRODUCTION 2.1. EURAMET.M.D-K4

Calibration of hydrometers is an important activity of Participants

metrology due to importance of density in quality of IMGC – Italy (now INRIM)
products, (sugar concentration, percentage of OMH – Hungary
alcohol per volume, etc.,) as well as part of PTB – Germany
measurements for quantity (flow and volume), BNM-LNE – France
among others. IPQ – Portugal
MIKES – Finland
Due to the above reasons it is important for BEV – Austria
laboratories to demonstrate their capability in density UME – Turkey
meters calibration. A possibility is to participate in GUM – Poland
comparisons. SMU – Slovakia
VNIIM – Russia
Within the EURAMET region a key comparison on
hydrometer calibration was carried out from October Travelling standards
2003 to May 2004 under the identification of For the comparison two sets of hydrometers were
EURAMET.M.D-K4. Another key comparison used within the following ranges
between SIM NMIs on hydrometer calibration was
carried out from April 2007 to October 2008 Table 1 Set 1 for EURAMET.M.D-K4
identified as SIM.M.D-K4. INRIM-Italy and CENAM- Range Scale division
3 3 3
Mexico were the pilot laboratories for the two key 0.610 0 g/cm – 0.620 0 g/cm 0.000 1 g/cm
3 3 3
comparisons respectively. 0.810 0 g/cm – 0.820 0 g/cm 0.000 1 g/cm
3 3 3
1.000 0 g/cm – 1.010 0 g/cm 0.000 1 g/cm
With the intention of linking these two key 3 3 3
1.290 0 g/cm – 1.300 0 g/cm 0.000 1 g/cm
comparisons, a bilateral comparison between
CENAM-Mexico and INRIM-Italy was carried out Table 2 Set 2 for EURAMET.M.D-K4
from June to October 2007; this bilateral comparison Range Scale division
was identified as SIM.M.D-S1. 3
0.600 0 g/cm – 0.610 0 g/cm
3
0.000 1 g/cm
3
3 3 3
0.800 0 g/cm – 0.810 0 g/cm 0.000 1 g/cm
In the present paper the methodology is presented 3
0.990 0 g/cm – 1.000 0 g/cm
3
0.000 1 g/cm
3
to link the results of the participant NMIs of the 3 3 3
1.290 0 g/cm – 1.300 0 g/cm 0.000 1 g/cm
SIM.M.D-K4 comparison to EURAMET.M.D-K4 key
comparison reference value (KCRVEU), trough the
2.2. SIM.M.D-K4
bilateral comparison SIM.M.D-S1.
Participants
CENAM-Mexico
2. PARTICIPANTS AND TRAVELLING
BSJ – Jamaica
STANDARDS OF COMPARISONS
CENAMEP – Panama
CESMEC – Chile
IBMETRO – Bolivia
INDECOPI – Peru

Centro Nacional de Metrología SM2010-S2A-1

1
Simposio de Metrología 2010 27 al 29 de Octubre

INEN – Ecuador
INMETRO – Brazil DoEs between participating NMIs and the KCRVSIM
INTI – Argentina were calculated as well as doEs among participants
LACOMET – Costa Rica of SIM.M.D-K4.
LATU – Uruguay
NIST – United States Finally, in the analysis of SIM.M.D-S1 [4] like this
NRC – Canada was a bilateral comparison there was not need to
SIC – Colombia calculate RV but doEs between both participants
were calculated.
Travelling standards
For the comparison, two similar sets of hydrometers In order to link the results of the SIM NMIs to the
were used within the following ranges, KCRV of EURAMET, the following analysis was
done:
Table 3 Set for SIM.M.D-K4
Range Scale division - DoEs between results reported by INRIM and the
3 3 3
0.610 0 g/cm – 0.620 0 g/cm 0.000 1 g/cm KCRVEU in EURAMET.M.D-K4,
3 3 3
0.800 0 g/cm – 0.810 0 g/cm 0.000 1 g/cm
3
0.990 0 g/cm – 1.000 0 g/cm
3
0.000 1 g/cm
3
DINRIM = INRIM EU − KCRV EU (1)
3 3 3
1.290 0 g/cm – 1.300 0 g/cm 0.000 1 g/cm
- doEs between results reported by NMI i and
2.3. SIM.M.D-S1 CENAM in SIM.M.D-K4,
Participants
INRIM – Italy
CENAM – Mexico
d i ( SIM ) = X i ( SIM ) − CENAM SIM (2)

Travelling standards - doEs between results reported by CENAM and

For this supplementary comparison two hydrometers INRIM in SIM.M.D-S1
were used with the following characteristics,
d BIL = CENAM BIL − INRIM BIL (3)
Table 4 Travelling standards for the SIM.M.D-S1
Range Scale division in order to calculate the DoEs between the SIM NMI
3 3 3
0.800 0 g/cm – 0.820 0 g/cm 0.000 2 g/cm i and the KCRVEU we have to calculated as follow,
3 3 3
1.180 0 g/cm – 1.200 0 g/cm 0.000 2 g/cm
Di′ = d i ( SIM ) + d BIL + D INRIM
3. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF THE THREE
COMPARISONS Di′ = X i ( SIM ) − KCRV EU (4)

From the results of participants of EURAMET.M.D-

K4, a KCRVEU for each nominal value was Di′ DoEs between results reported by SIM NMI
calculated. These KCRVEU were calculated either as i and the KCRVEU
the weighted mean or as the median from results of X i ( SIM ) Value reported by SIM NMI i
participants, according to [1].

Degrees of equivalence DoEs between the values In order to calculate (4), it is important to assume
reported by participants and the corresponding that results reported by CENAM in both comparison
KCRVEU, Di.(EURAMET) were calculated as well as the SIM.M.D-K4 and SIM.M.D-S1 are strongly
degrees of equivalence doEs for each pair of correlated. The same is assumed for INRIM, results
participants of EURAMET.M.D-K4 [2]. reported by INRIM in both comparisons
EURAMET.M.D-K4 and SIM.M.D-S1 are strongly
As concerns SIM.M.D-K4 a similar analysis was correlated too.
done [3]. A KCRVSIM for each nominal value was
calculated as the weighted mean of results of The nominal values measured in the different
participants. comparisons are not the same, and due to this

Centro Nacional de Metrología SM2010-S2A-1

2
Simposio de Metrología 2010 27 al 29 de Octubre

reason it is not possible to calculate (4) for each For the correlation coefficients it was assumed 0.9
individual value. for DoEs corresponding to the calibration of same
hydrometer and 0.3 for DoEs corresponding to the
The linking procedure used is described in [5], it calibration of different hydrometers. These
consists in calculating a regression curve for the correlation coefficients were assumed based on the
corresponding DoEs. According to the specific experience of the authors.
purpose of this work a straight lines (first order
curves) were calculated for D INRIM , d BIL , d i ( SIM ) . The calculated curves take the following form,

The straight line function is the first option for the D ( ρ i ) = mρ i + b − ε i (7)
fitting curves, where DoEs are considered
proportional to the nominal density. where:
D (ρ i )i DoEs calculated for the corresponding
In order to introduce all set of values a matrix 3
comparison, g/cm
equation takes the form,
m slope of the straight line calculated,
dimensionless
D = ρβ − ε (5)
b intercept of the straight line calculated,
3
g/cm
where D is the column vector of degrees of
equivalence, ρ is the matrix of nominal values of
εi adjustment error for the proposed function,
3
density, ε is the column vector of measurement g/cm
errors and β is the column vector which contains the
slope m and the intercept b of the proposed function, In order to check the agreement between predicted
straight line, and observed values the chi-square test χ2 was
 D1   ρ1 1  ε1  used.
D  ρ 1 ε 
 2   2  
m  2  3.1. Calculated continuous functions of DoEs
D= M , ρ= M
  M , β=  , ε= M 
 The calculated curve coefficients for D INRIM (ρ ) in
    b  
 ρ n −1 ε n−1 
3 3
the dominium from 0.6005 g/cm to 1.2995 g/cm is,
 Dn −1  1
 Dn   ρ n 1  ε n 
b = 5.81029E-06 g/cm3
m = -1.84023E-05
The weighted least squares method (WLS) was
used to calculate the regression curves for the The calculated curve coefficients for d BIL (ρ ) in the
corresponding DoEs,. 1 3 3
dominium from 0.802 g/cm to 1.198 g/cm is,
The solution of (5) by WLS is [5]
b’ = -2.31066E-05 g/cm3

(
βˆ = ρ T ψ −D1ρ )
−1
ρ T ψ −D1 D (6)
m’ = 1.71067E-05

both approximations were checked by χ2 test.

−1
The weighing matrices ψ , were formed by the
D
variance (and covariance) of the corresponding For SIM NMIs the following coefficients for curves to
DoEs, [5, 6]. describe d i ( SIM ) (ρ ) were calculated in the
3 3,
Variances were calculated as the square of the dominium from 0.601 g/cm to 1.299 g/cm except
uncertainties of DoEs reported in each comparison, for d NRC ( SIM ) which is the dominium from 0.801
and the covariances were calculated with pairs of 3 3
g/cm to 1.299 g/cm because NRC did not
the uncertainties of DoEs and the corresponding participate in the lower range in SIM comparison.
correlation coefficient.
1
The dominium of each function is fixed by the nominal
values measured in the corresponding comparison.

Centro Nacional de Metrología SM2010-S2A-1

3
Simposio de Metrología 2010 27 al 29 de Octubre

d i ( SIM ) (ρ ) describes the difference (2) as a The calculated coefficients for the continuous
continuous function. functions of Di′ (ρ ) are listed in table 6.

Table 5. Fitting coefficients for the continuous Table 6. Fitting coefficients for the continuous
functions d i ( SIM ) (ρ ) functions Di′ (ρ )

d i ( SIM ) (ρ ) b’’, g/cm

3,
m’’ Di′(ρ ) b*, g/cm
3
m*
d SIC ( SIM ) (ρ ) 1.539E-05 -1.921E-05 ′
DCENAM (ρ ) -1.730E-05 -1.296E-06
d LATU ( SIM ) (ρ ) 6.071E-05 -7.332E-05
′ (ρ )
D SIC -1.911E-06 -2.051E-05
d INDECOPI ( SIM ) (ρ ) ′ (ρ )
DLATU 4.341E-05 -7.462E-05
6.463E-05 -4.714E-05
d INTI ( SIM ) (ρ ) 4.655E-05 -9.329E-05
′
DINDECOPI (ρ ) 4.733E-05 -4.844E-05
′ (ρ )
DINTI
d NIST ( SIM ) (ρ ) 1.463E-05 -8.212E-06 2.925E-05 -9.458E-05
′ (ρ )
DNIST
d NRC ( SIM ) (ρ ) 1.070E-04 -1.486E-04
-2.664E-06 -9.507E-06
′ (ρ )
DNRC
d CENAMEP ( SIM ) (ρ ) 1.397E-04 -9.877E-05
8.971E-05 -1.499E-04
′
DCENAMEP (ρ ) 1.224E-04 -1.000E-04
The other six participants of SIM.M.D-K4, did not
The dominium of Di′ (ρ ) is from 0.802 g/cm to
3
pass the χ2 test for the proposed function.
3
1.198 g/cm , due to the fact that the linking
3.2. Calculation of DoEs of SIM NMIs respect to comparison SIM.M.D-S1 is within the same
the KCRVEU dominium. The calculated Di′ (ρ ) are shown in Fig.
The continuous functions of DoEs of SIM NMIs 1.
respect to KCRVEU, as continuous functions Di′(ρ ) ,
were calculated by the following formula [5], 3.3. Uncertainty of DoEs of SIM NMIs respect to
the KCRVEU
Di′(ρ ) = d i ( SIM ) (ρ ) + d BIL (ρ ). + D INRIM (ρ ) (8) In order to calculate the uncertainty of Di′ (ρ ) ,
numerical simulations by Monte Carlo method were
this takes the following form, done for each Di′ (ρ ) [6,7], see Fig. 2.
Di′(ρ ) = (m' '+ m'+ m) ρ i + (b' '+b'+b ) − ε i′ (9a)
or For the numerical simulations, DoEs and their
Di′(ρ ) = (m*) ρ i + (b *) − ε i′
corresponding standard uncertainties were
(9b) considered as the mean value and the standard
deviation of normal probability density distributions
where ε i′ is the adjustment error for the resulting of the input quantities. For the numerical simulation
function g/cm ,
in
3
m* = m′′ + m′ + m and 100 000 trials were done for each Di′ (ρ ) .
b* = b′′ + b′ + b .
The normalized errors to an approximated 95% of
For CENAM’s DoEs with respect to KCRVEU, confidence level were calculated with the following
′
DCENAM (ρ ) , the continuous function was calculated expression,
D 'i (ρ )
for the following formula, En = (12)
′
DCENAM (ρ ) = d BIL (ρ ) + DINRIM (ρ ) (10)
U (D 'i (ρ ))

In Fig. 3 are shown the curves of the normalized

or presented as the addition of the coefficients,
errors of Di′(ρ ) , the accepted values are ≤ 1.
′
DCENAM (ρ ) = (m'+ m) ρ i + (b'+b ) − ε i (11)

Centro Nacional de Metrología SM2010-S2A-1

4
Simposio de Metrología 2010 27 al 29 de Octubre

In table 7 are shown the values of D'i (ρ ) , travelling standards used in such bilateral
comparison.
U (D 'i (ρ )) , and En calculated for selected
densities within the dominium of the functions. A similar analysis could be done for linking SIM.M.D-
K4 to the CCM key comparison CCM.D-K4 which
5. CONCLUSIONS will be started in 2010, activity waiting to be done,
once results from CCM.D-K4 be available.
In the present paper were presented the DoEs of
SIM NMIs to the KCRVEU, Di′(ρ ) .
REFERENCES
From fourteen participants of SIM.M.D-K4, only eight [1] Cox M. G., The evaluation of key comparison
participants were linked to the KCRV of the data, Metrologia, 2002, 39, 589-595.
EURAMET.M.D-K4. The other six participants failed [2] Lorefice S, Malengo A, Vámossy C, Toth H,
the χ2 test for the proposed function. Bettin H, Do Céu Ferreira M, Madec T, Gosset
A, Heinonen M, Buchner C, Lenard E, Spurny
R, Akcadag U, Domostroeva N 2008
All participants that passed the χ2 test had “EUROMET Project No. 702 (EUROMET.M.D-
normalized errors smaller than 1. K4) Comparison of the calibrations of high-
resolution hydrometers for liquid density
The straight line function is the first option for the determinations”, Metrologia 45, Tech. Suppl.,
fitting curves, where DoEs are considered 07008.
proportional to the nominal density. [3] Becerra L.O. 2009 “Final report of comparison
of the calibrations of hydrometers for liquid
Indeed it is possible to calculated other functions density determination between SIM
that could fit better than straight line (e.g. by a laboratories: SIM.M.D-K4”, Metrologia, 46,
second order polynomial function), but the straight Tech. Suppl., 07007.
line is one of the simplest assumption. [4] Becerra L.O., Lorefice S., 2009 “Report of the
bilateral comparison of the calibrations of
In the straight line function, the systematic effects hydrometers for liquid density determination
could be divided two groups, the constant effects between CENAM–Mexico and INRIM–Italy:
which could be included in the intercept (b) and the SIM.M.D-S1”, Metrologia, 46, Tech. Suppl.,
relative effects which could be included in the slope 07006.
(m), see formula (7). [5] Lorefice S, Becerra L O, Pennecchi F, Method
for linking a bilateral to a key comparison:
In Figure 4 are shown the DoEs between the SIM application to the SIM.M.D-S1 and the
NMIs considered for this work and the KCRVSIM in EUROMET.M.D-K4. in preparation.
SIM.M.D-K4 [3]. [6] JCGM 100:2008 - Evaluation of measurement
data — Guide to the expression of uncertainty
In Figure 4, it could be observed the systematic in measurement – First edition September
effects besides to the random effects. In Figure 5 is 2008.
shown the same information but presented in a [7] JCGM 101:2008 - Evaluation of measurement
different way. In Figure 5, it could be noted the data — Supplement 1 to the “Guide to the
dispersion of the calculated DoEs for SIM NMIs in expression of uncertainty in measurement” —
SIM.M.D-K4, which could be reasonable be Propagation of distributions using a Monte
attributed to random effects arising from Carlo method – First Edition 2008.
measurement systems of the SIM NMIs. These
dispersions are not included in the linking functions,
but do are included in the uncertainty of these
functions.

The uncertainty of the Di′(ρ ) was dominated by the

uncertainties of the DoEs of the linking comparison
SIM.M.D-S1 due to the scale division of the

Centro Nacional de Metrología SM2010-S2A-1

5
Simposio de Metrología 2010 27 al 29 de Octubre

D'i (SIM NMI i -KCRV EU )

6.0E-05

4.0E-05

2.0E-05
D' (CENAM)
0.0E+00 D' (SIC)
D' (LATU)
g/cm3

D' (INDECOPI)
-2.0E-05
D' (INTI)
D' (NIST)
-4.0E-05 D' (NRC)
D' (CENAMEP)
-6.0E-05

-8.0E-05

-1.0E-04
0.800 0.850 0.900 0.950 1.000 1.050 1.100 1.150 1.200
3
Nominal Values, g/cm

Fig. 1. DoEs between SIM NMIs and KCRVEU, Di′(ρ ) .

U 95% (D'i ) (SIM NMIs - KCRVEU)

1.40E-04

1.20E-04

1.00E-04
D' CENAM
D' SIC
8.00E-05 D' LATU
g/cm3

D' INDECOPI
6.00E-05 D' INTI
D' NIST
D' NRC
4.00E-05 D' CENAMEP

2.00E-05

0.00E+00
0.800 0.850 0.900 0.950 1.000 1.050 1.100 1.150 1.200

Nominal Values, g/cm3

Fig. 2. Expanded uncertainty (approx. 95%) of DoEs

between SIM NMIs and KCRVEU,

Centro Nacional de Metrología SM2010-S2A-1

6
Simposio de Metrología 2010 27 al 29 de Octubre

En (SIM NMIs -KCRV EU )

1.00

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20 D' (CENAM)

D' (SIC)
0.00 D' (LATU)
D' (INDECOPI)
-0.20
D' (INTI)
-0.40 D' (NIST)
D' (NRC)
-0.60 D' (CENAMEP)
-0.80

-1.00

-1.20
0.800 0.850 0.900 0.950 1.000 1.050 1.100 1.150 1.200

Nominal Values, g/cm3

Fig. 3. Normalized errors between SIM NMIs and KCRVEU

DoEs (SIM)

1.0E-04

5.0E-05

D CENAM (SIM)
D SIC (SIM)
0.0E+00 D LATU (SIM)
g/cm3

D INDECOPI (SIM)
D INTI (SIM)
-5.0E-05 D NIST (SIM)
D NRC (SIM)
D CENAMEP (SIM)

-1.0E-04

-1.5E-04
0.500 0.700 0.900 1.100 1.300 1.500
Nominal Values (g/cm3)

Fig. 4. DoEs between selected SIM NMIs and KCRVSIM as calculated in SIM.M.D-K4.

Centro Nacional de Metrología SM2010-S2A-1

7
Simposio de Metrología 2010 27 al 29 de Octubre

DoEs (SIM)

1.0E-04

0.601
5.0E-05 0.605
0.609
0.801
DoEs (g/cm )

0.805
3

0.0E+00
0.809
0.991
-5.0E-05 0.995
0.999
1.291
-1.0E-04 1.295
1.299

-1.5E-04
SIC

INDECOPI

INTI

NIST

CENAMEP
NRC
CENAM

LATU

SIM NMIs

Fig. 5. DoEs between selected SIM NMIs and KCRVSIM as calculated in SIM.M.D-K4.

Centro Nacional de Metrología SM2010-S2A-1

8
Simposio de Metrología 2010 27 al 29 de Octubre

Table 7. Calculated values of DoEs of SIM NMIs regards to the KCRVEU, their expanded uncertainties
associated and the calculated normalized errors, for selected values of density within the dominium of the
functions.
ρ D' CENAM U (95%) En D' SIC U (95%) En D' LATU U (95%) En D' INDECOPI U (95%) En
g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3
0.80 -1.83E-05 5.52E-05 -0.33 -1.83E-05 6.40E-05 -0.29 -1.63E-05 5.67E-05 -0.29 8.58E-06 6.73E-05 0.13
0.83 -1.84E-05 5.34E-05 -0.34 -1.88E-05 6.58E-05 -0.29 -1.81E-05 5.79E-05 -0.31 7.37E-06 6.91E-05 0.11
0.85 -1.84E-05 5.19E-05 -0.35 -1.93E-05 6.75E-05 -0.29 -2.00E-05 5.91E-05 -0.34 6.16E-06 7.10E-05 0.09
0.88 -1.84E-05 5.09E-05 -0.36 -1.99E-05 6.92E-05 -0.29 -2.19E-05 6.03E-05 -0.36 4.95E-06 7.28E-05 0.07
0.90 -1.85E-05 5.03E-05 -0.37 -2.04E-05 7.09E-05 -0.29 -2.37E-05 6.16E-05 -0.39 3.73E-06 7.46E-05 0.05
0.93 -1.85E-05 5.00E-05 -0.37 -2.09E-05 7.26E-05 -0.29 -2.56E-05 6.28E-05 -0.41 2.52E-06 7.65E-05 0.03
0.95 -1.85E-05 5.01E-05 -0.37 -2.14E-05 7.44E-05 -0.29 -2.75E-05 6.40E-05 -0.43 1.31E-06 7.83E-05 0.02
0.98 -1.86E-05 5.06E-05 -0.37 -2.19E-05 7.61E-05 -0.29 -2.93E-05 6.52E-05 -0.45 1.01E-07 8.02E-05 0.00
1.00 -1.86E-05 5.15E-05 -0.36 -2.24E-05 7.78E-05 -0.29 -3.12E-05 6.65E-05 -0.47 -1.11E-06 8.20E-05 -0.01
1.03 -1.86E-05 5.28E-05 -0.35 -2.29E-05 7.95E-05 -0.29 -3.31E-05 6.77E-05 -0.49 -2.32E-06 8.38E-05 -0.03
1.05 -1.87E-05 5.45E-05 -0.34 -2.34E-05 8.12E-05 -0.29 -3.49E-05 6.89E-05 -0.51 -3.53E-06 8.57E-05 -0.04
1.08 -1.87E-05 5.66E-05 -0.33 -2.40E-05 8.30E-05 -0.29 -3.68E-05 7.02E-05 -0.52 -4.74E-06 8.75E-05 -0.05
1.10 -1.87E-05 5.90E-05 -0.32 -2.45E-05 8.47E-05 -0.29 -3.87E-05 7.14E-05 -0.54 -5.95E-06 8.93E-05 -0.07
1.13 -1.88E-05 6.19E-05 -0.30 -2.50E-05 8.64E-05 -0.29 -4.05E-05 7.26E-05 -0.56 -7.16E-06 9.12E-05 -0.08
1.15 -1.88E-05 6.51E-05 -0.29 -2.55E-05 8.81E-05 -0.29 -4.24E-05 7.38E-05 -0.57 -8.38E-06 9.30E-05 -0.09
1.18 -1.88E-05 6.87E-05 -0.27 -2.60E-05 8.98E-05 -0.29 -4.43E-05 7.51E-05 -0.59 -9.59E-06 9.48E-05 -0.10
1.20 -1.89E-05 7.27E-05 -0.26 -2.65E-05 9.15E-05 -0.29 -4.61E-05 7.63E-05 -0.60 -1.08E-05 9.67E-05 -0.11
ρ D' INTI U (95%) En D' NIST U (95%) En D' NRC U (95%) En D' CENAMEP U (95%) En
g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3 g/cm3
0.80 -4.64E-05 6.77E-05 -0.69 -1.03E-05 5.41E-05 -0.19 -3.02E-05 9.35E-05 -0.32 4.24E-05 5.62E-05 0.75
0.83 -4.88E-05 6.91E-05 -0.71 -1.05E-05 5.54E-05 -0.19 -3.39E-05 9.58E-05 -0.35 3.99E-05 5.73E-05 0.70
0.85 -5.11E-05 7.06E-05 -0.72 -1.07E-05 5.67E-05 -0.19 -3.77E-05 9.80E-05 -0.38 3.74E-05 5.84E-05 0.64
0.88 -5.35E-05 7.21E-05 -0.74 -1.10E-05 5.81E-05 -0.19 -4.14E-05 1.00E-04 -0.41 3.49E-05 5.95E-05 0.59
0.90 -5.59E-05 7.36E-05 -0.76 -1.12E-05 5.94E-05 -0.19 -4.52E-05 1.03E-04 -0.44 3.24E-05 6.06E-05 0.53
0.93 -5.82E-05 7.51E-05 -0.78 -1.15E-05 6.07E-05 -0.19 -4.89E-05 1.05E-04 -0.47 2.99E-05 6.18E-05 0.48
0.95 -6.06E-05 7.66E-05 -0.79 -1.17E-05 6.21E-05 -0.19 -5.27E-05 1.07E-04 -0.49 2.74E-05 6.29E-05 0.44
0.98 -6.30E-05 7.81E-05 -0.81 -1.19E-05 6.34E-05 -0.19 -5.64E-05 1.09E-04 -0.52 2.49E-05 6.40E-05 0.39
1.00 -6.53E-05 7.96E-05 -0.82 -1.22E-05 6.47E-05 -0.19 -6.02E-05 1.11E-04 -0.54 2.23E-05 6.51E-05 0.34
1.03 -6.77E-05 8.11E-05 -0.83 -1.24E-05 6.61E-05 -0.19 -6.39E-05 1.14E-04 -0.56 1.98E-05 6.62E-05 0.30
1.05 -7.01E-05 8.26E-05 -0.85 -1.26E-05 6.74E-05 -0.19 -6.77E-05 1.16E-04 -0.58 1.73E-05 6.74E-05 0.26
1.08 -7.24E-05 8.41E-05 -0.86 -1.29E-05 6.87E-05 -0.19 -7.14E-05 1.18E-04 -0.60 1.48E-05 6.85E-05 0.22
1.10 -7.48E-05 8.56E-05 -0.87 -1.31E-05 7.01E-05 -0.19 -7.51E-05 1.20E-04 -0.62 1.23E-05 6.96E-05 0.18
1.13 -7.72E-05 8.71E-05 -0.89 -1.34E-05 7.14E-05 -0.19 -7.89E-05 1.23E-04 -0.64 9.84E-06 7.07E-05 0.14
1.15 -7.95E-05 8.85E-05 -0.90 -1.36E-05 7.27E-05 -0.19 -8.26E-05 1.25E-04 -0.66 7.34E-06 7.18E-05 0.10
1.18 -8.19E-05 9.00E-05 -0.91 -1.38E-05 7.41E-05 -0.19 -8.64E-05 1.27E-04 -0.68 4.84E-06 7.29E-05 0.07
1.20 -8.42E-05 9.15E-05 -0.92 -1.41E-05 7.54E-05 -0.19 -9.01E-05 1.29E-04 -0.70 2.34E-06 7.41E-05 0.03

Centro Nacional de Metrología SM2010-S2A-1

9