BIOLAB Plant Hormones Exercise PDF

Exercise 13
Plant Hormones
Name: Hocbo, Kiunisala, Montierro, Racelis, Samson Date Performed: October 25,2019
Teacher: Sir Joel Cornista Date Submitted: November 12, 2019
Guide Questions
A. Describe the various orientations of the radicle. What part of the plant perceives the
stimulus?
Radicles grow downwards, an orientation called geotropism. This action
responds to gravity, and the radicle perceives this stimulus through specialized cells
within its cap tissue called statocytes. These cells initiate growth along the direction of
gravitational force, causing the downward movement of the radicle.
B. What is the rate of coiling in the tendril? Which side of the tendril grows faster or longer?
The directional response of a plant organ to touch or physical contact with a solid
object is defined as thigmotropism. This directional reaction is generally induced by the
introduction of some pattern of differential growth. The tendrils used for the experiment
did not coil. One possible explanation for this would be that the plant used was not fresh
enough to produce a reaction. In an ideal set-up, we would expect that an ampalaya
tendril would coil once in about a day or two. The side of the tendril opposite to a solid
object is expected to grow faster or longer as specialized cells in that region activate
elongation and cellular growth which induces twining of the tendril around the object
touched (Jackson, 2014).
C. Compare the response of makahiya leaves when touched on each of the four parts as
instructed above. Is the pulvinus on the adaxial or abaxial side of the petiole? What is
the role of the pulvinus in makahiya?
Touching the leaves of the top part leaflets and the bottom part leaflets of the leaf
gave the same response. The parts that were touched and adjacent parts reacted by
closing or folding of the leaves. Those that were far away from the areas touched didn't
give any response. The pulvinus is located on the abaxial side of the petiole and its
purpose is for the growth-independent movement of the leaves. In terms of their
structure they are composed of thick-walled water-conducting vascular tissue that are
enclosed by thin-walled motor cells that undergo swelling and shrinking, which is seen
as the supposed folding of the leaves (Taya, 2003).
D. Which stem produced roots more extensively? On which plant tissue/s did the hormone
act on? Explain.
The stem submerged in the solution with the IAA produced more roots compared
to the stem submerged in water only. The roots that formed are adventitious roots which
came from non-root tissues, in this case the tissues of the stem. In stems with secondary
growth, adventitious roots often originate in phloem parenchyma near the vascular
cambium. In stem cuttings, adventitious roots sometimes also originate in the callus cells
that form at the cut surface. The roots formed at the bottom portion of the stems which
suggests the movement of the auxins downward or away from the sunlight.
E. If you were a synthetic chemist charged with the research project to develop a synthetic
growth hormone to be used as an herbicide to interfere with weed seed germination,
what growth response of the seed would you target and why?
The synthetic hormone could target seed dormancy, among others. A hormone
that promotes seed dormancy could hinder seed germination, halting the propagation of
the weeds and being a functional herbicide.
F. What are the morphological and physiological effects of ethylene on the plant? Explain
the reason for putting both plants inside black bags.
Ethylene is known for its inhibition of stem and root elongation and the promotion
of senescence and fruit ripening. According to the results of the experiment, the sample
with ethylene had some leaves remaining while retaining its natural color albeit looking
slightly withered while the sample without ethylene looked completely withered and
completely discolored. This shows that the plant fares better with ethylene present. The
black bags prevent external factors from interfering and prevent the plant from being
exposed to the light to help show the effects of ethylene on plants in unfavorable
conditions.
References
Jackson, R. S. (2008). Grapevine structure and function. Wine science: Principles and
applications, 3, 50-107.
Taya, M. (2003). Bio-inspired Design of Intelligent Materials. Retrieved from
https://doi.org/10.1117/12.484425

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Exercise 13

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