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    Arithmetic Operation With Pointer in C Programming

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    Himanshu_Saree_2324
    Arithmetic and relational operations can be performed on pointers in C according to certain rules. Address arithmetic results in a new address. Pointers of the same type can be subtracted to get a number indicating the distance between them in units of the pointed-to type size. Only limited operations are allowed between pointers like comparison. The sizeof operator can be used to determine a pointer's size.

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    Arithmetic Operation With Pointer in C Programming

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    Himanshu_Saree_2324
    250 views9 pages
    Arithmetic and relational operations can be performed on pointers in C according to certain rules. Address arithmetic results in a new address. Pointers of the same type can be subtracted to get a number indicating the distance between them in units of the pointed-to type size. Only limited operations are allowed between pointers like comparison. The sizeof operator can be used to determine a pointer's size.

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    Arithmetic Operation With Pointer in c Programming

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    Arithmetic and relational operations can be performed on pointers in C according to certain rules. Address arithmetic results in a new address. Pointers of the same type can be subtracted to get a number indicating the distance between them in units of the pointed-to type size. Only limited operations are allowed between pointers like comparison. The sizeof operator can be used to determine a pointer's size.

    Copyright:

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    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    250 views9 pages

    Arithmetic Operation With Pointer in C Programming

    Uploaded by

    Himanshu_Saree_2324
    Arithmetic and relational operations can be performed on pointers in C according to certain rules. Address arithmetic results in a new address. Pointers of the same type can be subtracted to get a number indicating the distance between them in units of the pointed-to type size. Only limited operations are allowed between pointers like comparison. The sizeof operator can be used to determine a pointer's size.

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    Arithmetic operation with pointer in c programming

    Rule 1:
    Address + Number= Address
    Address - Number= Address
    Address++ = Address
    Address-- = Address
    ++Address = Address
    --Address = Address
    If we will add or subtract a number from an address
    result will also be an address.
    New address will be:

    (1)What will be output of following c program?

    void main(){
    int *ptr=( int *)1000;
    ptr=ptr+1;
    printf(" %u",ptr);

    Output: 1002
    (2)What will be output of following c program?

    void main(){
    double *p=(double *)1000;
    p=p+3;
    printf(" %u",p);

    Output: 1024

    (3)What will be output of following c program?

    void main(){
    float array[5]={1.1f,2.2f,3.3f};
    float(*ptr)[5];
    ptr=&array;
    printf("%u",ptr);
    ptr=ptr+1;
    printf(" %u",ptr);

    Output: 1000 1020

    (4)What will be output of following c program?

    typedef struct abc{
    int far*a;
    double b;
    unsigned char c;
    }ABC;
    void main(){
    ABC *ptr=(ABC *)1000;
    ptr=ptr+2;
    printf(" %u",ptr);

    Output: 1026

    (5)What will be output of following c program?


    typedef union abc{
    char near*a;
    long double d;
    unsigned int i;
    }ABC;
    void main(){
    ABC *ptr=(ABC *)1000;
    ptr=ptr-4;
    printf(" %u",ptr);

    Output: 960

    (6)What will be output of following c program?

    float * display(int,int);
    int max=5;
    void main(){
    float *(*ptr)(int,int);
    ptr=display;
    (*ptr)(2,2);
    printf("%u",ptr);
    ptr=ptr+1;
    printf(" %u",ptr);

    }
    float * display(int x,int y){
    float f;
    f=x+y+max;
    return &f;
    }

    Output: Compiler error

    Rule 2:

    Address - Address=Number

    If you will subtract two pointers result will be a


    number but number will not simple mathematical
    subtraction of two addresses but it follow
    following rule:
    If two pointers are of same type then:

    Consider following example:


    void main(){
    int *p=(int *)1000;
    int *temp;
    temp=p;
    p=p+2;
    printf("%u %u\n",temp,p);
    printf("difference= %d",p-temp);

    Output: 1000 1004


    Difference= 2
    Explanation:
    Here two pointer p and temp are of same type and
    both are pointing to int data type varaible.
    p-temp = (1004-1000)/sizeof(int)
    =4/2
    =2

    (1)What will be output of following c program?

    void main(){
    float *p=(float *)1000;
    float *q=(float *)2000;
    printf("Difference= %d",q-p);

    }
    Output: Difference= 250
    Explanation:
    q-p=(2000-100)/sizeof(float)
    =1000/4
    =250

    (2)What will be output of following c program?

    struct abc{
    signed char c;
    short int i;
    long double l;
    };
    void main(){
    struct abc *p,*q;
    p=(struct abc *)1000;
    q=(struct abc *)2000;
    printf("Difference= %d",q-p);

    }
    Output: Difference= 76
    Explanation:
    q-p=(2000-1000)/sizeof(struct abc)
    =1000/(1+2+10)
    =1000/13
    =76

    (3)What will be output of following c program?

    typedef union xxx{
    char far * c;
    const volatile i;
    long int l;
    }XXX;
    void main(){
    XXX *p,*q;
    p=(XXX *)1000;
    q=(XXX *)2000;
    printf("Difference= %d",q-p);

    }
    Output: Difference= 250
    Explanation:
    q-p=(2000-100)/max(4,2,4)
    =1000/4
    =250

    (4)What will be output of following c program?

    void main(){
    const volatile array[4]={0};
    const volatile(*p)[4]=&array;
    const volatile(*q)[4]=&array;
    q++;
    q++;
    printf("%u %u\n",p,q);
    printf("Difference= %d",q-p);

    Output: 1000 1016 (assume)


    Difference= 2
    Explanation:
    q-p=(1016-1000)/sizeof(const volatile)
    = 16/ (2*4)
    =2

    Rule 3:

    Address + Address=Illegal
    Address * Address=Illegal
    Address / Address=Illegal
    Address % Address=Illegal

    (q)What will be output of following c program?

    void main(){
    int i=5;
    int *p=&i;
    int *q=(int *)2;
    printf("%d",p+q);
    }

    Output: Compiler error

    Rule 4: We can use relation operator and condition


    operator between two pointers.

    a. If two pointers are near pointer it will compare


    only its offset address.

    (q)What will be output of following c program?

    void main(){
    int near*p=(int near*)0x0A0005555;
    int near*q=(int near*)0x0A2115555;
    if(p==q)
    printf("Equql");
    else
    printf("Not equal");

    Output: Equal

    b. If two pointers are far pointer it will compare


    both offset and segment address.

    (q)What will be output of following c program?

    void main(){
    int far*p=(int far*)0x0A0005555;
    int far*q=(int far*)0x0A2115555;
    if(p==q)
    printf("Equql");
    else
    printf("Not equal");

    Output: Not equal
    c. If two pointers are huge pointer it will first
    normalize into the 20 bit actual physical address
    and compare to its physical address.

    (q)What will be output of following c program?

    void main(){
    int huge*p=(int huge*)0x0A0005555;
    int huge*q=(int huge*)0x0A2113445;
    if(p==q)
    printf("Equql");
    else
    printf("Not equal");

    Output: Equal
    Rule 5: We can perform bitwise operation between
    two pointers like

    Address & Address=Illegal


    Address | Address=Illegal
    Address ^ Address=Illegal
    ~Address=Illegal

    (q)What will be output of following c program?

    void main(){
    int i=5,j=10;
    int *p=&i;
    int *q=&j;
    printf("%d",p|q);

    Output: Compiler error

    Rule 6: We can find size of a pointer


    using sizeofoperator.

    (q)What will be output of following c program?

    void main(){
    int near*far*huge* p;
    printf("%d",sizeof(p));
    printf(" %d",sizeof(*p));
    printf(" %d",sizeof(**p));

    Output: 4 4 2

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