Carraro India LTD Steel Mill Standard Rev 08

CIL
Std/Steel Mill/ 01
Page 1 of 7
STEEL QUALITY STANDARD Rev: 08
Group CARRARO
1. PURPOSE :
The purpose of this standard is to set down requirements for the steel quality regarding Residual
Elements, Chemistry, Melting Practice, Degassing Practice, Killing Practice, Grain Size, Degree of
Cleanness, Material Soundness, Reduction Ratio, Decarburisation, Hardness, Hardenability,
Identification & Test Certificate.
2. APPLICATION
This standard is intended to apply to steel purchased as bar stock, sheet / strip, wire, or forging for
‘A and B’ class items, unless specifically called out by drawing, specifications or purchase or
agreement
3. RESIDUAL ELEMENTS ( WHEN NOT SPECIFIED )

The following limits apply to steels, carbon or alloy, where the specific element is not called out
ELEMENTS ALLOWABLE ELEMENTS ALLOWABLE

LIMIT LIMIT
Phosphorus 0.035 % Max Aluminium 0.01 - 0.05%
Sulphur 0.035 % Max Lead 0.010% Max
Copper 0.30% Max Silicon 0.10 - 0.40%
Nickel 0.20% Max Tin 0.020% Max
Chromium 0.20% Max Titanium 0.010% Max
Molybdenum 0.060% Max Total other 0.15% Max
Boron 0.0005% Max
4. MELTING PRACTICE
Steel should be made as per standard method by electric arc melting practice, ladle refining,
Selection between any alternate method shall be as per the agreement between CIL and steel mill
unless specifically called out otherwise by drawing or specification.
Vacuum Degassing and EMS is Mandatory
Maximum Permissible gas content are
H2( Hydrogen): 2 ppm
N2 ( Nitrogen ): 70 ppm
O2 ( Oxygen ) : 20 ppm
Viz: EAF-LRF-VD-Ingot / CC (With EMS )
Date of Issue: Aug. 2008 Metallurgy Dept.
Prepared By: Prashant Jadhav Approved By: Sunil Puranik

CIL
Std/Steel Mill/ 01
Page 2 of 7
Group CARRARO
5. CASTING PRACTICE
Concast route / Ingot route
6. KILLING PRACTICE :
Steel should be fully killed and minimum amount of Aluminium be used for grain size
control.
7. GRAIN SIZE
Fine grain size viz. 5 to 8 as per ASTM E112:1982
8. DEGREE OF CLEANLINESS
Purchased steel and forging should be free from harmful segregation and excessive
inclusions which would adversely affect merchantability and part function. The steel
making and forming practice must be such that the inclusion rating does not exceed
ASTM-E45 METHOD Limits below:
ACCEPTABLE LIMITS ( Max )

TYPE NAME
THIN HEAVY
A Sulphide 2.0 1.5
B Alumina 2.0 1.5
C Silicates 2.0 1.5
D Oxides 2.0 1.5
Resulfurized steels are not required to meet the type A ( Sulphide inclusions ) limits, but
the sulphide presents must be evenly dispersed and steel free from segregation.
9. STEP DOWN TEST : Step Down Test shall be carried out on 10/10 ton or higher heat
Samples shall be machined as per following norms
No. of steps : 3
Length of each step : 75mm
Dia (mm) D1 D2 D3
0 – 30 D – 2 mm - -
30 – 75 D – 4 mm 2D/3 D/2
75 and Above D – 6 mm 2D/3 D/2
Samples should be acid etched or magnetic particle inspection should be conducted by using
1000 amp. Current for longitudinal indications & 4000 amp for transverse indications.
The acceptance norms as per clause 15

CIL
Std/Steel Mill/ 01
Page 3 of 7
Group CARRARO
10. MATERIAL SOUNDNESS :

The steel should be free from segregation, piping, hydrogen flakes, porosity, scab exc. The
surface of steel should be free from seams, laps, cold shut, deep rolling marks.
Ferrite banding in the microstructure is not permissible.
Macro etch test results of bars / billets should confirm to C2,R2,S2 as per ASTM E 381
11. REDUCTION RATIO:
The minimum Reduction Ratio for all parts should 6:1, measured from cast size to Rolled
size.
.
12. DECARBURIZATION
The decarb layer when checked as per SAE J 419 should not exceed 0.25mm max.
13. HARDNESS:
The billet /bars should be suitable for cold sawing. The hardness of the bar / billets should
not exceed 241 BHN.
14. JOMINY HARDNEABILITY

In order to achieve specified core hardness, supplier is required to define, try-out &
standardize right Jominy values for each CARRARO part. Normally, core hardness of a part will be
affected by parameters like chemical composition of steel, quench severity, austenitic grain size,
initial microstructure, part geometry, heat treatment process etc.
Carraro standards ( 20MnCr5 STD CARRARO 01.01.88 & 18NiCrMo5 STD CARRARO 1.12.88 ) must
only be used for all purpose except for Jominy selection. Jominy values specified in these
standards are only for reference purposes.
15. MAGNITIC PARTICLE INSPECTION:

For A class Items: No any kind of indications of cracks & streaks is acceptable.
For B class Items : a) Visible indications are not acceptable
b) There should not be more than 2 streak & Length of streaks should
not be more than 5mm each.
c)Distance between two streaks should not be less than 15mm.
16. ULTRA SONIC TESTING : Ultrasonic testing shall be carried out in accordance with well defined
( standardized ) test method. The instrument shall be bottom echo of 2mm FBH ( Flat Bottom Hole )
reference body. Square section bar shall be checked with ultrasonic testing at angle 0° & 90°. Round
bar shall be scanned along at least 2 generating lines at angle of 90°to each other. Defect echo height
should not exceed 20% of screen height.

CIL
Std/Steel Mill/ 01
Page 4 of 7
Group CARRARO
17. IDENTIFICATION AND TEST CERTIFICATION

A. Each billet should be stamped or color coded with Heat Number
B. Each Test Certificate should mention the following details
a) Method of melting + Process Flow
b) Heat Number, Colour Code, Dimensions, Weight and Number of bars
c) Billet / CC Size
d) Grade of Steel and chemical composition.
e) Grain Size and inclusion rating
f) Macro etch test results
g) Hardness
h) Hardenabilty Test results ( when required )
i) Mechanical Properties ( when required )
j) Ultrasonic Test Results
k) Blue Fracture Test Results
l) Step down test results
m) Reduction Ratio And casting route
n) Gas content in PPM
o) Supply condition.
18. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS ( IF ANY )

Additional Requirements ( if any ) will be intimated as and when necessary.
# Supplier to ensure start pieces and end pieces to be identified & scraped.
# Supplier to maintain the record & test pieces for period of TWO YEAR & will be made
available to CIL ( when required )
NOTE:
Any deviation from the standard shall require CIL Metallurgy Department’s
Approval.

CIL
Std/Steel Mill/ 01
Page 5 of 7
Group CARRARO
Category Steel Mill
KALYANI STEELS, PUNE, HOSPET

ISSAL, Pune
MUKAND, Thane
M U S C O, K h o p o l i
T I S C O, J a m s h e d p u r
S U N F L A G, N a g p u r.
A V a r d h a m a n S p e ci a l S t e e l , L u d h i a n a
A a r t i S t e e l s L t d ( U p t o 80 R C S ) – L u d h i a n a
FACOR, NAGPUR
REMI STEELS, Bharuch-Gujrat
UPPER INDIA, Ludhiana
ADHUNIK METALIKS
MODERN STEEL, Gobindgarh (Punjab)

CIL
Std/Steel Mill/ 01
Page 6 of 7
Group CARRARO
Addition to Category A
V I S L, V a d r a v a t i,
B TATA SSL
SAIL
C A+ B and Imported steel based on experience of the vendor.
D No restriction by CIL.

CIL
Std/Steel Mill/ 01
Page 7 of 7
Group CARRARO
Parts Category
Gears, Gear Shafts, PTO shafts, Transmission

shafts, Crown Wheel, Bevel Pinion, Sliding, Epic
Carrier, Sleeves, Synchronizer, stub axle, King Pin, A
Steering Arms and Axle Shafts. Brake shafts,
Special Bolt, Wheel Bolts
GC Rod, Gear Shift Lever, Idler Pin, , Axle Beams

plates & Flats parts, Tie rod, Shifter Forks and
B
Blocks etc.
Fasteners, , Springs, Circlips, Ring Nut and Bi-

C
metallic Bushes etc.
Washer, Spacer, Pins and sheet metal plates and D

Shims etc.

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CIL

3. RESIDUAL ELEMENTS ( WHEN NOT SPECIFIED )

ELEMENTS ALLOWABLE ELEMENTS ALLOWABLE

Date of Issue: Aug. 2008 Metallurgy Dept.

Prepared By: Prashant Jadhav Approved By: Sunil Puranik

ACCEPTABLE LIMITS ( Max )

Date of Issue: Aug. 2008 Metallurgy Dept.

Prepared By: Prashant Jadhav Approved By: Sunil Puranik

10. MATERIAL SOUNDNESS :

14. JOMINY HARDNEABILITY

15. MAGNITIC PARTICLE INSPECTION:

Date of Issue: Aug. 2008 Metallurgy Dept.

Prepared By: Prashant Jadhav Approved By: Sunil Puranik

17. IDENTIFICATION AND TEST CERTIFICATION

18. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS ( IF ANY )

Date of Issue: Aug. 2008 Metallurgy Dept.

Prepared By: Prashant Jadhav Approved By: Sunil Puranik

Category Steel Mill

KALYANI STEELS, PUNE, HOSPET

Date of Issue: Aug. 2008 Metallurgy Dept.

Prepared By: Prashant Jadhav Approved By: Sunil Puranik

C A+ B and Imported steel based on experience of the vendor.

Date of Issue: Aug. 2008 Metallurgy Dept.

Prepared By: Prashant Jadhav Approved By: Sunil Puranik

Gears, Gear Shafts, PTO shafts, Transmission

GC Rod, Gear Shift Lever, Idler Pin, , Axle Beams

Fasteners, , Springs, Circlips, Ring Nut and Bi-

Washer, Spacer, Pins and sheet metal plates and D

Date of Issue: Aug. 2008 Metallurgy Dept.

Prepared By: Prashant Jadhav Approved By: Sunil Puranik

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