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    Yayin Ob: 2. Trichomonas Vaginalis

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    Yayin Pestaño
    This document summarizes several common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including their causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses candidiasis, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital warts, and herpes. For each STD, it provides brief descriptions of the causative agent, common symptoms presented in males and females, recommended diagnostic tests, and typical treatment regimens. The document aims to educate readers on the key aspects of these prevalent STDs.

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    Yayin Ob: 2. Trichomonas Vaginalis

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    Yayin Pestaño
    15 views3 pages
    This document summarizes several common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including their causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses candidiasis, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital warts, and herpes. For each STD, it provides brief descriptions of the causative agent, common symptoms presented in males and females, recommended diagnostic tests, and typical treatment regimens. The document aims to educate readers on the key aspects of these prevalent STDs.

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    This document summarizes several common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including their causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses candidiasis, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital warts, and herpes. For each STD, it provides brief descriptions of the causative agent, common symptoms presented in males and females, recommended diagnostic tests, and typical treatment regimens. The document aims to educate readers on the key aspects of these prevalent STDs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    15 views3 pages

    Yayin Ob: 2. Trichomonas Vaginalis

    Uploaded by

    Yayin Pestaño
    This document summarizes several common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including their causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses candidiasis, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital warts, and herpes. For each STD, it provides brief descriptions of the causative agent, common symptoms presented in males and females, recommended diagnostic tests, and typical treatment regimens. The document aims to educate readers on the key aspects of these prevalent STDs.

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    YAYIN OB

    STD ( Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Infections ) 2. TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS

    1. CANDIDIASIS  Caused by protozoa which thrives best in alkaline


    medium
     Candida ( yeast ) infecting esophagus
     Found in the vagina and urethra
     also known as “yeast infection” or “fungal infection”
     present in the body in small amount TRICHOMONIASIS
     lives in mouth and GI tract  IS A PARASITIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES, USUALLY
     Candida Albicans - fungi transmitted sexually, w/c is found in

    Assessment :
    Signs & Symptoms :
    FEMALE  Trichomonads typically appear as rounded, mobile
    structures.
     Vulvar reddening  Be aware that Trichomonas infections cause such
     Itching inflammatory changes in the cervix or vagina that a Pap
     Burning Urination Test taken during this time may be misinterpreted as
     Thick, white, cheese like vaginal discharge showing abnormal tissue.

    MALE SIGNS & SYMPTOMS:

     Itchy rash on the penis  profuse foamy / frothy white to greenish vaginal
     Burning sensation upon urination discharge
     redness of the vulva
    Diagnosis :  pruritus ( extreme itchiness )
     Genital swab taken from the affected area  painful urination
     dyspareunia (painful coitus)
    Therapy / Treatment
    Trichomonas on Pregnancy:
     ANTIMYCOTICS (anti fungal drugs)
    -Nystatin or miconazole ( Monistat )  can cause premature rupture of membranes and pre-
    - Fluconazole (Diflucan) term birth
    - Sodium bicarbonate relieve pruritus. Diagnosis :

     FLUCONAZOLE (Diflucan)  wet mount culture


     genital swab for culture and sensitivity test
    Classification : antifungal agent > Vaginitis Test (wet mount) : a sample of vaginal
    Action: fungicidal or fungostatic action discharge is taken and a slide made for microscopic
    Pregnancy Category : C examination.
    Dosage : 150 mg orally as a single dose
    Possible Adverse Effects : Nausea, vomiting; MANAGEMENT & TREATMENT :
    diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache.
     acidic douche may be used for control
     treated for 7 days with METRONIDAZOLE (flagyl)
     alcohol with flagyl causes severe GI upset
     both sexual partner must seek treatment
     advise use of condoms during intercourse

    3. BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS
    YAYIN OB
     caused by an invasion of an organism such as  incubation period begin after a 2 to 7 day
    Gardnerella Vaginalis.  in males, they include urethritis ( pain on urination and
     thrives in the vagina, a body area with a reduced oxygen frequency of urination ) and a urethral discharge.
    level.  although symptoms of gonorrhoea in femals are not as
     vaginal discharge is milk-white to grey and has a fishlike visible, there may be a slight yellowish vaginal discharge.
    odour.  an infant can contract gonorrhoea in the birth canal
     intense pruritus. from its mother.
     this leads frequently to gonorrheal ophthalmia.
    Diagnosis :
    SIGNS & SYMPTOMS :
     microscopic examination shows gram-negative rods
    adhering to vaginal epithelial cells, which are termed clue  profuse purulent and yellowish vaginal discharge
    cells.  pruritus
     usually asymptomatic
    Treatment:
     menstrual irregularities
     Metronidazole 500 mg, 1 tab 2x / day for 7 days  pelvic pain
     Ampicillin 500 mg, 1 tab 4x / day
    DIAGNOSIS :
     if pregnant: clotrimazole
     Thayer Martin cultures
    4. SYPHILIS
     urine culture for the gonococcal bacillus
     caused by a spirochete Treponema Pallidum  vaginal and urethral cultures
     it is transmitted by sexual contact
    MANAGEMENT & TREAMENT :
     10 – 90 days incubation period
     IM injection of Ceftriaxone plus Oral Doxycycline for 7
    SIGNS & SYMPTOMS :
    days.
     Painless  Sexual partners should receive same treatment
     contagious sore  24 hours after treatment, gonorrhoea is no longer
     Chancre infectious.
     Lymphadenopathy
    VIRAL TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS:

    SECONDARY SYMPTOMS : 1. VAGINAL MONILIASIS


     Maculopapular rash on palms and soles
     caused by a yeast that thrives best in acidic medium
     Malaise
     causes thick, cheesy, white patches on vaginal wall
     Rash
     may be passed to fetus during delivery and cause ORAL
     Alopecia
    THRUSH in the newborn
    TERTIARY  ALKALINE DOUCH may be used for control.
     CNS
    TREATMENT :
     Cardiovascular changes
     Topical Nystatin ( Mycostatin )
     Gumma Lesions
     Gentian Violet
    DIAGNOSIS :  Clotimazole
     Clotrimazole ( Gynelotrimin )
     Dark-Field examination
     Serologic Test
     Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) Test
     Rapid plasma reagent test (RPR)

    TREATMENT :
    -Antibiotic PENICILLIN
    - Erythromycin if with allergy to penicillin.
    2. CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS INFECTION
    5. GONORRHEA
     most common bacterial cause of STI
     caused by Neisseria Gonorrhea
    YAYIN OB
     heavy , grayish – white discharge and vulvar itching. - placental transfer
     can cause eye infection of pneumonia in the new born. - possibly through breastmilk
     incubation period : 1 to 5 weeks
     DIAGNOSIS
    - ELISA TEST ( enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay)
    DIAGNOSIS :
    PREGNANCY CATEGORIES
     made by culture of the organism
    - A : Safe
    THERAPY : - B : Safe
    - C : Congenital Problems baby at birth
     Doxycycline or tetracycline for 7 days. -D:
    3. GENITAL WARTS (HPV) - X : Methotrexate ( abortive )

     caused by the human papillomavirus ( HPV )


     rapidly growing structures on the vulva, vagina or cervix
     Large growths can become cancerous
     small growthsmay be removed by applying podophyllin.

    4. HERPES GENITALIS

     caused by herpes virus hominis type 2 ( also called


    herpes simplex virus type 2, or HSV-2)
     there is no known cure
     the disease involves a lifelong process
     the virus is spread by skin-to-skin contact, entering
    through a break in the skin or mucous membrane.
     causes painful vaginal vesicles.
     prevention : CS delivery during active infection
     Acyclovir ( Zovirax ) reduces duration and deverity of
    exacerbation.

    5. HEPATITIS B
     caused by hepatitis B virus transmitted through blood
    and body fluid ( semen )
     Acute infection effects :
    - permanent liver damage or carcinoma in pregnancy
    maternal-infant transmission
    - prenatal : transplacental transmissions which may cause
    spontaneous abortion or preterm labor
    - Intranatal and postnatal : transmission thru
    contaminated surfaces and breastmilk or colostrum

    6. HIV – AIDS
     HIV is carried by semen as well as other body fluids, so
    infection with this virus is considered an STI
     Caused by RETROVIRUS human immunodeficiency virus (
    HIV ) that infects helper T – lymphocytes ( T4 cellls ) –
    present in infected person’s blood, semen and other
    body fluids.

     MODES OF TRANSMISSION:
    - sexual contact
    - contaminated blood and blood products

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