The document describes a line following robot that uses two IR sensors to detect a black line on a white floor and follow it autonomously. A transistor-based motor driver sends commands to the motors based on the sensor input. The robot has two motors, wheels, sensors, a chassis, battery, and other basic components. It works by using the IR sensors to detect differences in light reflection between black and white surfaces and sending signals to the motor driver to turn the motors accordingly to follow the line.
The document describes a line following robot that uses two IR sensors to detect a black line on a white floor and follow it autonomously. A transistor-based motor driver sends commands to the motors based on the sensor input. The robot has two motors, wheels, sensors, a chassis, battery, and other basic components. It works by using the IR sensors to detect differences in light reflection between black and white surfaces and sending signals to the motor driver to turn the motors accordingly to follow the line.
The document describes a line following robot that uses two IR sensors to detect a black line on a white floor and follow it autonomously. A transistor-based motor driver sends commands to the motors based on the sensor input. The robot has two motors, wheels, sensors, a chassis, battery, and other basic components. It works by using the IR sensors to detect differences in light reflection between black and white surfaces and sending signals to the motor driver to turn the motors accordingly to follow the line.
The document describes a line following robot that uses two IR sensors to detect a black line on a white floor and follow it autonomously. A transistor-based motor driver sends commands to the motors based on the sensor input. The robot has two motors, wheels, sensors, a chassis, battery, and other basic components. It works by using the IR sensors to detect differences in light reflection between black and white surfaces and sending signals to the motor driver to turn the motors accordingly to follow the line.
Line following robot is an autonomous robot which detects and follows the black line drawn on the white floor. It uses 2 IR sensors to detect the white/black surface and transistor based motor driver is used to send the command to motors.
Line following robot – Schematic diagram
Components used: 2 BO Motors (150 RPM) 2 Wheels 2 Transistor base motor driver (BC-547) 2 IR Sensor Chassis 9v Battery 9v Battery connector Switch Jumper wires Screw and nut-bolt Other components
Concepts of IR sensor based Line Follower Robot
Concept of working of line follower is related to light. We use the behavior of light at black and white surface. When light fall on a white surface it is almost full reflected and in case of black surface light is completely absorbed. This behavior of light is used in building a line follower robot. In this IR sensor based line follower robot we have used IR Transmitters and IR receivers also called photo diodes. They are used for sending and receiving light. IR transmits infrared lights. When infrared rays falls on white surface, it’s reflected back and detected by photodiodes which generates some voltage changes. When IR light falls on a black surface, light is absorb by the black surface and no rays are reflected back, thus photo diode does not receive any light.
Working principle of Line Follower Robot
Working of line follower is very interesting. Line follower robot senses black line by using IR sensor and then sends the signal to motor driver (Transistor based). Then motor driver drives the motor according to sensors' output.
Here in this project we are using two IR sensor modules namely left sensor and right sensor. 2 Transistors are used to power the motors. When both left and right sensor senses white then robot move forward.
If left sensor comes on black line then robot turn left side. If right sensor sense black line then robot turn right side until both sensor comes at white surface. When white surface comes robot starts moving on forward again.
