May 2003

CAREER AWARD STANDARD LEVEL

MARKING SCHEME

MAXIMUM MARK: 100

SYLLABUS/COMPONENT: 5251/01

TRAVEL AND TOURISM

Paper 1

www.xtremepapers.net
 Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – MAY 2003 5251 1

Q.No. EXPECTED ANSWER/MARKS AVAILABLE A.O.

1 (a) Any 3 appropriate examples e.g. Caribbean, Mediterranean, Indian B1a
Ocean, N.W.Pacific etc D4b
(3x1 mark)

(b) We are looking for 4 reasoned statements (4x1 mark) or 2 correct A4a
ideas with development/amplification (2x2 marks) Correct ideas: A4b
· Economies of scale D2a
· Increased demand
· Rationalisation of routes
· Comparative advantage

(c) Fig. 1 itemises the following (1 mark correct identification & 1 mark for A2c
an appropriate explanatory comment for each = 2x4)
· Oily water
· Sewage
· Washing waste
· Chemical waste
· Garbage disposal
· Air pollution

(d) We are looking for awareness of facilities provided on these new D1a
"super" vessels - floating resort hotels - so look for a description of
broad recreational aspects (4x1 mark) such as:
· Outdoor sport (pool)
· Indoor sport (gym)
· Leisure (cinema)
· Beauty (salon/spa)
· Entertainment (casino/theatre)

(e) Use level of response criteria A2d

We are inviting the candidate to consider social and cultural impacts A4b
in cruise ship destinations - both positive and negative
Level 1 (0-2 marks) will be descriptive with little or no attempt to
explain.
Level 2 (3-4 marks) will have at least one social and one cultural issue
explained within a named destination context.
Level 3 (5-6 marks) will look at pros and cons for at least two fully
appropriate impacts within an identifiable cruise location.

2 (a) (i) Mauritius (1 mark) B1a

(ii) Osaka (1 mark) B1b
(iii) Malta (1 mark) & Larnaca (accept Cyprus) (1 mark) B1a

(b) We are inviting comments about demand and a consideration of A4a

tourism generating issues. Accept 4 appropriate comments (4x1 mark) A4b
or 2 concepts developed (2x2 marks to the candidate's advantage).

(c) (i) Dubai/Perth (1 mark) C4a

(ii) Singapore (1 mark) D4a
(iii) Accept two appropriate comments (1 mark name & 1 mark explanation) A1a
such as to break journey/extend trip/city break/ special deals B3c
available/visit friends & relatives etc. 2+2 = 4 marks.

www.xtremepapers.net
© University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 2003
 Page 3 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – MAY 2003 5251 1

(d) Most international carriers have policies in place to deal with young C3a
people who may, particularly, be travelling alone. Credit any five C1a
aspects covering: C1b
· Escorted throughout C1c
· Funpack
· Children's entertainment channel
· Family films
· Bottles & baby products carried
· Baby bassinets
(5x1 = 5 marks)

(e) Use level of response criteria C2c

An open question and the key is consideration of both agent and C4c
passenger.
Level 1 (0-2 marks) will be a descriptive catalogue with little or no
thoughtful comment about making arrangements.
Level 2 (3-4 marks) will illustrate at least one piece of technology for
both and clearly show how the agent and the passenger makes use of
it for arrangements.
Level 3 (5-6 marks) will cover at least two for both. Fax, internet, CRS,
e-mail, phone, text are all acceptable.

3 (a) (i) Treatments (1), therapies (1) & fitness programmes (1) C4a
(3 x 1 mark) D1a

(ii) July/November (1), heavy rainfall (1)

B2d
(b) This requires the candidate to supply details of the range of ancillary A1b
services frequently provided in 5* resort properties. Accept any 5 of B3b
the following guest services:
· Tour desk
· Foreign exchange
· Business access & support
· Car hire
· Restaurant/theatre/event reservations & tickets
· Airport transfers
· Translation services etc
(5x1 = 5 marks)

(c) (i) Definition (limited numbers/ particular place) (2)+ example (1) =3mks B4b
(ii) <7 nights, often city-based, short haul etc (any 2)+ example (1)=3mks C4a
(iii) Include travel/transfers (1), accommodation/ancillary (1)+eg(1)=3mks D2a
(d) Use level of response criteria A3a
This involves the candidate supplying suitable information about the
promotional activities of national tourist boards aimed at both leisure
and business visitors.
Level 1 (0-2 marks) will tend to list activities without attempting to
explain their significance or purpose
Level 2 (3-4 marks) will have appropriate comment on 2 or 3
strategies
Level 3 (5-6 marks) will clearly comment on international promotion,
road shows, assisted visits, advertising & brochures etc and illustrate
their use via accurate examples.

www.xtremepapers.net
© University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 2003
 Page 4 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – MAY 2003 5251 1

4 (a) (i) Old Boat House Nature Trail (1 mark) C4a

(ii) Any 2 from yew & oak woods (1), Sika Deer (1), 200 year old road (1) C4a
and old Muckross copper mines (1)
(2x1 = 2 marks)
(iii) There should be comments about 3 of the following: B4b
· Views B4c
· Uncrowded
· Not built up
· Traditional charm (pony & trap shown)
· Ideal for ramblers etc
(3x1 = 3 marks)

(b) Fig. 4 provides the clue - we want any 5 from A3b

· Local attraction information
· Maps & guide books
· Guiding services & tours
· Accommodation bookings
· Foreign exchange
· Souvenirs etc
(5x1 = 5 marks)

(c) (i) An 2 services - shop, wash block, tent/caravan space etc D3b
(2x1 = 2mks)
(ii) Any 2 - B&B, family home's facilities, limited range etc D3b
(2x1 = 2mks)
(iii) Any 2 - serviced, en-suite, accessible location etc D3b
(2x1 = 2mks)
(iv) Any 2- fully serviced, facilities, en-suite, leisure etc D3b
(2x1 = 2mks)

(d) Use level of response criteria B3a

This is clearly set in an impact context. To progress above level 1 A2c
the answer must be related to an identifiable National Park or B4c
recognisable AONB.
Level 1 (0-2 marks) problems but no solutions offered
Level 2 (3-4 marks) 2 specific problems & suitable solutions
Level 3 (5-6 marks) will provide a greater range of illustration and/or
depth to the problems/solutions identified.

www.xtremepapers.net
© University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 2003
May 2003

CAREER AWARD STANDARD LEVEL

MARKING SCHEME

MAXIMUM MARK: 100

SYLLABUS/COMPONENT: 5252/01

TRAVEL AND TOURISM

Paper 1

www.xtremepapers.net
 Page 6 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – MAY 2003 5252 1

MARKETING AND PROMOTION

1 (a) Three ways in which organised product development benefits the 3 A1(a)
Hawaiian Tourist Industry:
· increase time visitors spend in destination
· increase sales and usage figures
· reduce overcrowding and improve customer satisfaction
· improve organisational image
· improve product image
· encourage repeat business
(3x1 mark)

(b) (i) Other examples of improved product mix: 1 A2(c)

· themed packages
· special interest packages
· enhanced visitor services
· enhanced travel services
any one or other reasonable enhanced product feature

(ii) Description of the impact on tourists: 2 A2(c)

· encourage repeat business
· attract special interest groups
· extend visitor appeal
· convert previously unfamiliar attractions into fundamental tourism
products
any relevant impact described

(c) (i) Factors within control - i.e. strengths and weaknesses: B, C, E, and G 4 A2(b)
(4x1 mark)
(ii) Factors beyond control - i.e. opportunities and threats: A, D, F, H 4 A2(b)
(4x1 mark)

(d) PEST ANALYSIS: 4 A2(b)

Political Positive = Statement 1
Social Negative = Statement 2
Economic Negative = Statement 3
Technological Positive = Statement 4
(4x1 mark)

(e) (i) Primary Research Techniques: 3 A2(a)

· questionnaires
· face-to-face interviews
· telephone surveys
(3x1 mark)

www.xtremepapers.net
© University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 2003
 Page 7 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – MAY 2003 5252 1

(ii) Secondary Data Sources: 4 A2(a)

· Hotel Reservation Records
· International Flight Arrivals
· Number of visitors through attraction gates
· Comparative studies with similar destinations
any two reasonable secondary sources
(2x1 mark)
Disadvantages of secondary data sources:
· currency of information
· reliability of sources
· appropriateness of data in decision making process
(2x1 mark)

2 (a) (i) Product life cycle: accept either research or launch 1 C2(a)
(ii) Choice of stage: 2 C2(a)
· Research - still in initial stages - still developing space tourism as
a concept
· Tito and Shuttleworth were guinea pigs, and not representative of
the general public or:
· Launch - first clients have paid money to enjoy the experience of
space travel - company has marketed and launched its product to
the general public
An reasoned account (1x2 marks)

(b) (i) Space Tourism is a product 1 C1(a)

(ii) · characteristics of travel and tourism products and services 4 C1(b)
described and difficulties with tangibility of travel/tourism products
explained
· comparison of tangibility and intangibility
· homogenous state v heterogeneous state; storability issues and
separability also covered
(4x1 mark)

(c) Brand image; revolutionary, exciting, personally challenging, odyssey, 6 C2(b)

exclusivity;
Levels of Response
Level 1 (0-2 marks) Response is unclear in defining brand image and
list adjectives only
Level 2 (3-4 marks) Clear definition of brand image given and
attempts to describe its importance to the company
Level 3 (5-6 marks) Good description of the brand image, closely
linked to the actual product and describing its importance to the
company

www.xtremepapers.net
© University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 2003
 Page 8 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – MAY 2003 5252 1

(d) (i) Pricing Strategy: penetration; skimming, prestige - 6 D1 (a)

Explanation of what the policy is and why it has been used - linked to
exclusivity; high risk factor; high costs of overheads;
Levels of Response:
Level 1 (0-2 marks) Response identifies pricing strategy but does not
make clear links with reasons for the prices charged
Level 2 (3-4 marks) Clear identification of the pricing strategy chosen
with some understanding of reasons linked to cost etc
Level 3 (5-6 marks) Relevant choice of strategy with good explanation
of associated costs risk factors etc.

(ii) Factors: 5 D2(a)

· organisation's need to generate profit
· wider public interest may generate more custom
· reduce costs
· competitors may enter market leading to cost cutting
· becoming more competitive
· customer's expectations may lead to wider product range - day trips
into space etc
Any reasonable answer
(5x1 mark)

3 (a) Factors affecting choice of location: 8 E1 (a)

· internationally appealing
· not in the western world to rival US and European sites already in
operation
· cost
· character of local area - reclaimed land
· local and transient population
· workforce
· access/transport links - airport close by for inbound tourists
· rail link already built
· adjacent facilities - Hong Kong Tourism strategy to attract visitors
Any other appropriate factor
(8x1 mark)

(b) Distribution Channels, Ticket hotlines; package holidays including 8 E2(a)

admission to theme park available via tour operators and travel
agents; Internet allowing advance bookings;
Levels of Response
Level 1 (0-3 marks) Basic identification of distribution channels mainly
in list format
Level 2 (4 -6 marks) Identification of appropriate distribution channels;
diagrammatic form; some description of merits of the use of some, but
not necessarily applied to Walt Disney Company
Level 3 (7-8 marks) Identification of appropriate distribution channels;
diagrammatic form; some description of merits of the use of with
specific application to the Walt Disney Company

www.xtremepapers.net
© University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 2003
 Page 9 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – MAY 2003 5252 1

(c) Three main methods of promotion from a choice of: advertising, 6 F1(a)
publicity, point of sale displays, public relations, sales promotions,
videos, Internet, direct selling.
Reasons
· advertising - advantages of mass media
· publicity - directed at specific target audience; point of sale -
souvenirs for word of mouth advertising
· PR - cost effective and enhances company's reputation and image
· sales promotion - lures customers in the belief they are getting a
good deal
· videos - to give a flavour of the atmosphere at the theme park
· Internet - huge audience potential
· direct selling - family memberships etc - customer loyalty
(3x2 marks)

(d) Three factors influencing choice of promotional material: 3 F2(a)

· costs
· target audience
· timing
· AIDA principle
Any three (3x1 mark)

4 (a) (i) Geographic segmentation characteristics from the list: 2 B1(a)

· Region
· Area type
(2x1 mark)
(ii) Socio-economic characteristics: 3 Bl (a)
· Work Status
· personal income
· household income
· home ownership category
· education level
Any three (3x1 mark)
(iii) Levels of Response: 6 B1(a)
Level 1 (0-2 marks) Basic listing of demographic information with little
attempt to link to specific holiday market segments
Level 2 (3-4 marks) Demographic information linked to generalised
holiday types e.g. income linked to budget/luxury holidays with some
attempt at explaining the links
Level 3 (5-6 marks) Good explanation of how different aspects of
demographic information links to different market segments - age,
lifestyle, work status as well as more obvious income based information
used to make relevant association

(b) (i) Needs and expectations of independent travellers identified – any 4 B2(a)
reasonable suggestions -
· cheap accommodation
· public transport
· range of food options
· adventure activities available
(4x1 mark)

www.xtremepapers.net
© University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 2003
 Page 10 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – MAY 2003 5252 1

(ii) Needs and expectations of organised coaching holiday makers 4 B2(a)

identified
- any reasonable suggestions -
· group accommodation
· group catering
· pre-organised transport
· porterage
· guides in appropriate language
· attractions
· special needs provision
· entertainment requirements considered
(4x1 mark)

(c) Products differentiated by price (general concessions, group discount 6 B2(a)

etc.), access (e.g. methods of transport), lead to benefits to
organisation (e.g. increased occupancy usage, meeting wider target
market).
Levels of Response:
Level 1 (0-2 marks) Response is unclear in defining a differentiated
travel product or service or lists products and services only
Level 2 (3-4 marks) Clear definition of differentiated products and
services demonstrated with benefits for either the tourist or the
organisation identified
Level 3 (5-6 marks) Good explanation of differentiated products and
services and clear recognition of the benefits to both the tourist and
the tourism provider

www.xtremepapers.net
© University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 2003
May 2003

CAREER AWARD STANDARD LEVEL

MARKING SCHEME

MAXIMUM MARK: 100

SYLLABUS/COMPONENT: 5253/01

TRAVEL AND TOURISM

Paper 1

www.xtremepapers.net
 Page 12 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – MAY 2003 5253 1

TRAVEL ORGANISATION

1 (a) Names, address, date, tel no consultant name, Destination Florida, Max 12 E3
Dep Date - blank, Departure point – Toronto; Total in Party - 2,
accommodation - Orlando Villas, alternative Southern Villas, Room
type - self catering, Booking today - N, Special requests - fly-drive;
activities
(12x1 mark)

(b) · independent Max 4 B3

· travel when and where they want
· carry luggage, golf clubs
· convenience
· cheaper than taxi, local transport
(4x1 mark)

(c) · vehicle insurance Max 3 D3

· international driving licence
· cost of petrol
· size of vehicle
· accident cover
(3x1 mark)

(d) Maps to attractions and of area; guide books listing attractions; tourist Max 6 C1
information from internet; leaflets giving opening times, directions etc.
Levels of response
Level 1 (0-2 marks) simple list level
Level 2 (3-4 marks) at least two sources with reasons
Level 3 (4-6 marks comprehensive list with justification

2 (a) 1399+20 (tax) + 69 (sea plane) + 55 (ins)=1543 x 2 = 3086.. Max 4 B4

(Total only = 2 marks, all working = 4 marks)

(b) (i) Club Velidu 1 A1

(ii) Singapore Airlines, sea plane, boat transfers (any one) 1 A1
(iii) Global Tourism 1 A1

(c) Everything included in the package (1), amplification, e.g. all 2 A1

accommodation, meals, drinks and entertainment, most activities
included in price; transfers/transport (1)

(d) Names, address, passenger names, insurance req'd, name of tour, Max 10 E2
date, no. of nights, no. of rooms - double or twin; deposit 2 passengers
@ S$100 = S$200; insurance 2 pass at S$55 = S$110, total amount
S$310, signature, date; credit card number and type/expiry date
(10x1 mark)

www.xtremepapers.net
© University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 2003
 Page 13 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – MAY 2003 5253 1

(e) Benefits to include control costs, quality, service, economies of scale, Max 6 A1
joint promotion, wider market appeal.
Levels of response
Level 1 (0-2 marks) simple statement about the cost of package
components
Level 2 (3-4 marks) benefit to providers co-operating together to
produce packages (min 2 benefits)
Level 3 (5-6 marks) clear evidence of integration of tour company,
airline/hotel to produce economies of scale and exert control over final
product

3 (a) · Timetable route (1) Max 6 B2

· regular crossings (1)
· facilities on board – food, drink, entertainment, seating, berths, for
long journeys (max 3)
· some carry vehicles (1)
· port transfers available (1)
(6x1 mark)

(b) (i) · less driving in UK Max 2

· cheaper fares for each type of ferry than Route B
· more sailings daily
(2x1 mark)

(ii) Superferry: Max 4

Adv: /cabins/berths to rest, wider choice of activities; child places free,
open decks, cheaper than Lynx/HSS
Disadv: longer crossing, more passengers, longer check-in time
(2x1 mark)

Lynx/HSS:
Adv: shorter crossing, shorter check-in time, more sailings
Disadv: payment for child; high cost for car and caravan, enclosed ship
– cannot go on deck, subject to cancellation in bad weather, costlier
alternative
(2x1 mark)

(c) Information on attractions, maps, guides, information on caravan sites, Max 4

advice
(4x1 mark)

(d) (i) Can select from any type of waterborne transport, but features must be Max 5
relevant to type and types of customer (by age, ability etc.)

www.xtremepapers.net
© University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 2003
 Page 14 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
TRAVEL AND TOURISM – MAY 2003 5253 1

(ii) Responses must relate to type of water transport chosen and types of Max 4
customer (by age, ability etc). For example cruise ships – mature
couples, families, people with higher disposable income level, those
who want convenience of seeing different places but have base on
ship, disabled customers due to lifts etc and assistance on board, wide
range of activities/entertainment on board
Yachts – sailing enthusiasts, younger, fitter clients, prefer small ships
freedom to choose own route etc.
4 (a) Accommodation, flights, transfers Max 3
(2x1 mark)

(b) Fly to regular timetable, fly even if not full, tickets transferable to other Max 2
flights
(2x1 mark)

(c) 14 Aug Check in Rome, 04.55 Max 10

Alitalia flight AZ824, dept 06.55, arrive Amman 14.40
Transfer to accommodation for 2 nights
16 Aug transfer to Petra for 3 nights
19 Aug transfer to Aqaba for 2 nights
21 Aug transfer to Amman for 1 night
22 Aug dep for checkin Amman before 06.27
Flight Alitalia AZ 827 dep 08.27, arrive Rome 15.30

(d) Cancellation, delay, lost luggage, medical cover, missed departure, Max 4
personal acident, lost/stolen money or passports
(4x1 mark)

(e) Types of currency - cash, travellers cheques, credit cards, debit cards Max 6
Levels of response:
Level 1 (0-2 marks) one or two forms of currency without explanation
Level 2 (3-4 marks) reason for type of currency chosen/recommended,
with at least two forms explained
Level 3 (5-6 marks) - all types given, with justification for use

GRID

Q. No Q.1 Q.2 Q.3 Q.4

A1 15 3
B1 Delete 2
B2 6+5
B3 4
B4 Delete 2+4+4
C1 6 4
D1 3 4
E1 Delete 10
E2 10
E3 12
E4 6

www.xtremepapers.net
© University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 2003