Winit English Speaking E Books PDF

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2
Course Content
Lessons Page Number
Lesson 1- Asking Questions 3-18
 Common Question Words
 Common Adverbs
 Common Pronoun
 Some Common Verbs
 QUASM and ASM
 10- feet Wide Concept
 10- feet Deep Concept
Lesson 2- Basic Sentence Structures (Syntax) 19-24
 I’m
 I’m in/at/on
 I’m good at
 I’m + (verb)
 I’m getting
 I’m trying + (verb)
 I’m gonna + (verb)
 I have + (noun)
 I have + (past participle)
 I used to + (verb)
Lesson 3- Conversational Sentences 25-30

Lesson 4- Tenses 31-42
Lesson 5- Newspaper Vocabulary 43-45
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 ‘For want of a law’ article published in ‘The Indian Express’ on 3 December 2018.
 ‘Letting them flee’ article published in ‘The Indian Express’ on 4 th December 2018.
 ‘France Vs Paris’ article published in ‘The Indian Express’ on 5 th December 2018.
 ‘Welcome Truce’ article published in ‘The Indian Express’ on 10th December 2018.
 ‘Exit Lines’ article published in ‘The Indian Express’ on 11th December 2018.
th
 ‘Momentum & a Reality Check’ article published in ‘The Indian Express’ on 11 December 2018.
Lesson 6- Vocabulary 46-48
Lesson 7- Role plays- Parents Teacher Meeting, Interview BPO 49-55
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About The Book & Mission
It gives me immense pleasure to present before you the e book that has the potential to change the way you learn English. But it will
require some doing & spoken English is all about doing. ‘Learning & knowing’ is only one facet of the coin; the other, and perhaps
the more important one, is speaking. I would strongly recommend two reads of the book- first, to know & learn & second, to put
your learning into action. If you think you are comfortable doing both the acts simultaneously, go for it.
The objective of writing this e book is to help you start your journey of learning, not to make you a perfect speaker of English. If
being a perfect speaker of English is your long-cherished goal, this e book will prove to be a spark that you needed to start walking
towards that goal. But to become a good speaker you need to do much more than finish this e book. We have a lot of free
resources waiting for you on our website www.zitaenglish.com & a huge collection of videos on our YouTube channel ‘Learn English
With Zita’(Click the link for quick access Learn English With Zita)
If you want a full-fledged online course on English speaking, you can get enrolled for the same on the website mentioned above
or contact us at 96483-96483. You can also join our Whatsapp group on 96483-96483 to get free content on the English language.
With this book we are launching our e library(at https://winitwithvinit.subscribemenow.com ) through which we will provide you
articles, e books & other content on the English language.
For me, teaching English is a passion & one of my life goals is helping minimum ten million people be a speaker of English. You
will do me a huge favor by sharing this e book with your friends & relatives who want to learn English & be a part of the mission.
I would be happy to get your suggestions & feedback. You can write me at zitaeducation@gmail.com.
Wish you a great learning experience!
Vinit Kapoor
ए ई ए ल
ल लए ल औ ल ल ल ए ल
; ,औ ल - ल लए औ
लए ल ए ई
ल ए ल
ल , लए ए ल ए लए ई
ल www.zitaenglish.com लए
YouTube ल ‘Learn English With Zita’
videos ल ( ल YouTube ल Learn English With Zita)
अगर आप पर र आप ऊपर पर र आप
96483- 96483 पर प र आप 96483-96483 पर र र प
आप प र ग
e book e labrary (https://winitwithvinit.subscribemenow.com/ )

blogs, e books ल ए
र और र 1 र ग अ
र आप र ग प र
औ zitaeducation@gmail.com ए ,
4
Get Free Resources on English by filling the form at our e library
Learn English For Free at our YouTube Channel Learn English With Zita
Lesson 1- Asking Questions
Some Question Words -
What क्या
?
To watch videos on
What is your name?
the art of asking
Why questions, click here.
?
Why are you learning English?
When कब
Zita ?
When do you come to Zita?
Where कहााँ
?
Where are you right now?
Who कौन
?
Who are you?
Whom ककसको/
ल ?
Whom do you want to meet?
Whose ककसका/
?
Whose book is this?
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Which कौन सा
?
Which colour is this?
How कैसे
Zita ? How to ask
How do you come to Zita? questions with
? HOW MUCH and
How is it now? HOW MANY?
Question Phrases- Click here.
How much ककतना (Uncountable)

ए?
How much water do you need?
How many ककतना (Countable)

ए ?
How many times have you been there?
Which one कौन सा

?
Which one do you prefer?
For video on UNTIL
Until when कब तक
WHEN, SINCE
?
Until when will you stay there? WHEN, click here.
Since when कब से
?
Since when have you been learning English? (Asking a fixed time)
For how long कब से/
?
For how long have you been practicing English? (Asking a period of time)
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With whom ककसके साथ

?
With whom do you practice English?
For whom ककसके किए For video on WITH
लए ? WHOM, FOR WHOM,
For whom are you singing this song?
ABOUT WHOM and TO
Whom are you singing this song for?
WHOM, click here.
About whom ककसके बारे में
?
About whom is this? OR This is about whom?
To whom ककसकी तरफ
?
Whom are you pointing to?
By whom ककसके द्वारा
ल ?
By whom is this written?
From where कहााँ से, जहााँ से
?
From where are you coming?
For what ककसकिए
लए ए?
For what do you need scissors?
How far ककतना दू र
घ ?
How far is your house? For video on HOW FAR,
How good ककतना अच्छा HOW GOOD, HOW LONG,
? HOW SOON, CLICK HERE.
How good is this building?
How long ककतना िम्बा/ /

ल ?
How long will it take?
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How soon ककतनी जल्दी

?
How soon can you finish the work?
ए?
How soon do you need it?
How old ककतना पुराना/ककतना बड़ा (उम्र में)
?
How old is this building?
?
How old are you?
In what way ककस तरह से
ल ल ?
In what way do you solve this question?
What else और क्या
औ ए?
What else do you want?
What then तो क्या/तब क्या/कफर क्या
, ?
I will go there, what then?
, ?
I said this, what then?
What type of ककस तरह की
?
What type of books do you like?
Which type of + Noun ककस तरह/प्रकार का
?
Which type of book is this?
Exclamatory Sentence-
How Beautiful ककतनी सुन्दर

!
How beautiful this picture is!
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Some Important Parts of Speech-
Here
ए ल
We have lived here for a year.
There
I went there.
Now अ
Now I am going to bed.
Then
I was living in Delhi then.
Some
ल ई
There must be some mistake.
Many (adjective)
ई
I have many mangoes.
Somewhere (पर)
ल
I've seen you somewhere before.
ल ल
We have met somewhere before.
Nowhere
ल
I met him nowhere.
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Anywhere
ल
He could not be found anywhere.
Something ( )
लए ए
I want something to eat.
Nothing
लए
I have nothing to give you.
Anything
लए
I don't you have anything to give you.
Somebody
ई
Somebody wants to say something.
Nobody
ई
Nobody wants to say anything.
Anybody
ई
There is nobody there.
Whatever जो कुछ भी
Whatever you want.

ल
Whatever it takes.
Whenever जब कभी
Whenever you want.
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Whereas जबकक
ई ,
My brother likes cricket whereas I like to listen to music.
Wherein कजसमें
Wherein lies the difference.
Whichever जो भी
, ल
Mark whichever is greater.
Whoever जो कोई भी
ई , ल
Whoever you are, you have to follow the rules.
Some Important Question Phrases-

From which + Noun ककस Noun से
?
For which shop did you buy from this?
From whose + Noun ककसके Noun से

?
From whose phone are you talking?
With which + Noun ककस Noun के साथ

ल ?
With which pen are you writing?
Towards which + Noun ककस Noun की तरफ

ल ?
Towards which colony are you going?
For which + Noun ककस Noun के किए
लए ?
For which/what purpose have you come here?
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By which + Noun ककस Noun से

ए ?
By which car will you go?
In which + Noun ककस + Noun+ में

?
In which company are you working?
With whom कक के साथ

?
With whom are you going?
For whose + Noun ककसके Noun के किए

लए ?
For whose friend are you doing this?
What kind of + Noun ककस तरह की Noun

?
What kind of work do you do?
How come ककस तरह/कैसे

?
How come you are here?
At what time ककस समय

Zita ?
At what time do you come to Zita?
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Summary Question Words-
Who- - Subject औ Object ल लए ( लए)

Whom- , - ल object ल लए ( लए)
What- , - (Things/Profession लए)
Whose- , (Profession लए)
Which- - (People/Thing लए)
Where- (Place लए)
When- ( लए)
Why- ( लए)
How many- (Number लए)
How much- ( लए)
How far- (Distance लए)
How long- (Duration/Distance लए)
How often-
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Some Pronouns & Possessive Adjectives-
Possessive Possessive Reflexive

Person Nominative Objective
Adjective Pronoun Pronoun
1st Person I
Me My Mine Myself
Singular
1st Person
We Us Our Ours Ourselves
Plural
2ndPerson
Yourself,
Singular, You You Your Yours
Yourselves
Plural
3rd Person
Singular He Him His His Himself
(Masculine)
3rd Person
Singular She Her Her Hers Herself
(Famine)
3rd Person
They Them Their Theirs Themselves
Plural
3rd Person
Singular It It Its - Itself
(Neuter)
For detailed explanation of PRONOUN through video, click here.

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Some Common Verbs

Ask ( ) - Ask Asked Asked
Drink ( ) - Drink Drank Drunk
Laugh ( ) - Laugh Laughed Laughed
Speak ( ल ) - Speak Spoke Spoken
Walk ( ल ) - Walk Walked Walked
Buy ( ) - Buy Bought Bought
Eat ( ) - Eat Ate Eaten
Open ( ल ) - Open Opened Opened
Study ( ) - Study Studied Studied
Want ( ) - Want Wanted Wanted
Close ( ) - Close Closed Closed
Play ( ल ) - Play Played Played
Swim ( ) - Swim Swam Swum
Watch ( ) - Watch Watched Watched
Come ( ) - Come Came Come
Get ( ) - Get Got Gotten
Read ( ) - Read Read Read
Take (ल ) - Take Took Taken
Wear ( ) - Wear Wore Worn
Cook ( ) - Cook Cooked Cooked
Give ( ) - Give Gave Given
Run ( ) - Run Ran Run
Talk ( ) - Talk Talked Talked
Work ( ) - Work Worked Worked
Dance ( ) - Dance Danced Danced
Go ( ) - Go Went Gone
Sing ( ) - Sing Sang Sung
Teach ( ) - Teach Taught Taught
Worship ( ) - Worship Worshiped Worshiped
Do ( ) - Do Did Done
Help ( ) - Help Helped Helped
Sleep ( ) - Sleep Slept Slept
Use ( ) - Use Used Used
Write (ल ) - Write Wrote Written
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Formula- QUASM
QUASM- Question Word + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb + ?
Question Auxiliary Subject Main Verb

Word
Verb
• What • has • he • done?
Where do you live? ?

What does your father do? ?
Where are you going? ?
Whom should (modal) I ask? ए?
Variants-
Question Word + Be + Subject + ?
What is your name? ?
Where was he yesterday (adv)? ल ?
Why is he here (adv)? ?
 Whose + Object + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Action Verb +?

Whose book has he taken? ल ?
 Whose+ Object+ Be+ Subject + ?
Whose book is this? ?
 Who + Auxiliary Verb + Main Verb + ?
Who is going to market? ?
 Who + Verb(II) + Object + ?
Who taught Ravi? ?
For detailed explanation of QUASM through video, click here.
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ASM- Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb + ? (For asking confirmation.)
Auxiliary Verb Subject Main Verb
• Has • Ravi • gone?
Has Ravi gone? ल ?

Should (modal) he stay? ए?
Variant-
Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb+ Object + ?
Is he helping you? ?
Did he go to school yesterday? ल ल ?
Are you coming to party? ?
Yes, I am coming to party. ,
1- ‘To be’ as the main verb

a. Are you tired?
b. Is he ready?
c. Is he a clerk?
d. What was your stream in class X?
2- Subject Questions
a. Who came to meet you yesterday?
b. Who took my pen?
For detailed explanation on ASM through video, click here.
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Lesson 2- Basic Sentence Structures (Syntax)
I'm Don’t only read but also speak aloud below given sentences.
“I'm” is an abbreviation for the word 'I am.' It is used in combination with other words to tell
someone about yourself or to describe something you are doing.
Here are some examples:

“I’m so tired.”
For video on
“I’m confused.” ल
“I’m” stucture,
“I’m twenty three years old.” ई ल
“I’m hungry CLICK HERE.
You can also add descriptive words with 'I'm' such as:
“I’m extremely tired.”

“I’m very happy.”
“I’m terribly hungry.”
“I am super excited.”
I'm in/at/on
Describes an action you are doing.

Most commonly, you would use the word 'in' when entering a physical location such as a room or
building.
“I’m in the shower.” For video on

“I’m in the lobby.” “I’m in/at/on”
“I’m in a car.” stucture, CLICK HERE.
“I’m in a house.” घ
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Using the word 'at' helps tell someone where you currently are. The difference between 'at' and 'in' is
that the physical location is general.
Here are some examples: For detailed
“I’m at the grocery.” explanation,
“I’m at the mall.” ल CLICK HERE.
“I’m at the doctor’s clinic.”
“I’m at the park.”
However, in some cases you can use 'at' and 'in' interchangeably.
ल ल 'at' औ 'in' ए

“I’m at the mall.” OR “I’m in the mall.”
“I’m at the park.” OR “I’m in the park.”
“I’m at the grocery.” OR “I’m in the grocery.”
Using the word 'on' is referring to a non physical location such as your time being utilized by something else.

“I’m on the phone.”
“I’m on my computer.”
“I’m on a bus.”
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I'm good at
Again, 'i'm' is used here as 'i am'. 'Good at' informs someone what you excel at and are comfortable
doing.
Here are some examples
“I’m good at drawing.”
For video on
“I’m good at swimming.” “I’m good at”
“I’m good at driving.” structure,
“I’m good at sports.” ल CLICK HERE.
“I’m good at writing.” ल
I'm + verb (I) + ing
I'm' is a contraction of the words 'I am.' By adding a verb to 'I'm' this lets you express an action or
occurrence about yourself.

“I’m eating lunch.” For video on
“I’m scared.” ल “I'm + verb (I) + ing”
“I’m typing an email.” ए ई ल ल stucture, CLICK HERE.
“I’m cooking dinner.”
“I’m combing my hair.” ल घ
“I’m hanging a picture.”
I'm getting + adjective
When combining the words 'I am' and 'getting' you are telling someone that 'you' are gaining
possession, being affected by or have plans to seek out and obtain a particular thing.
"I'm getting better." ल

"I'm getting a toothache."
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"I'm getting a cold."

"I'm getting married." For video on
"I'm getting tired." “I'm getting + adj”
"I'm getting good at reading." stucture, CLICK HERE.
I'm trying + (verb)
"I'm trying" informs someone that you are attempting to accomplish something using bodily, mental
or spiritual strength. By adding a verb to 'I'm trying' you are pointing out exactly what it is you are
attempting to do.

“I’m trying to get a job.”
“I’m trying to call my family.”
“I’m trying to enjoy my dinner.” ल
“I’m trying to educate myself.”
“I’m trying to explain myself.”
You may also hear the word 'trying' used to express a way someone in feeling. In this manner, it
expresses strain or distress.
For video on “I’m
trying + verb”
structure, CLICK HERE.
“Learning new things can be trying on you.” ल

“That project was very trying on me.” लए
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I'm gonna + (verb)

The word 'gonna' is incorrect grammatically. The equivalent in proper grammar would be 'going to'.
When using the word 'gonna' you are telling someone what you are planning to do at that moment
or in the near future.

“I’m gonna have some coffee.” For video on
“I’m gonna go to work.” “I’m gonna”
“I’m gonna send out my resume.” structure,
“I’m gonna run a marathon.” ल CLICK HERE.
“I’m gonna stop smoking.” ल
I have + (noun)
By using the word 'I have' you are informing someone of something you have possession of or have
acquired.
Here are some examples: For video on “I

“I have a cat.” ए have + (noun)”,
“I have a nice car.” ए CLICK HERE.
“I have a house.” ए घ
“I have a computer.” ए
You may hear the words 'cannot' and 'won't' used with 'I have'. By adding these you can express what
you will not put up with or allow.

“I cannot have this behavior in my house.” घ
“I cannot have you over tonight.”
“I won’t have it any other way.” ई ल ए
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I have + (past participle)
Again, 'I have' shows possession or something acquired. By adding a past participle you are informing
someone of past or completed action done by you.
For video on “I have
Here are some examples: + (past participle)”,
“I have done it.” CLICK HERE.
“I have heard that before.” ल
“I have forgotten the words.” ल
“I have read that book ”
“I have flown in an airplane.” ई
I used to + (verb)
'Used to' expresses something that was done in the past, and is not usually done now.

“I used to develop websites.”
"I used to jog everyday."
"I used to paint."
"I used to smoke."
"I used to work from home." घ
"I used to live in Lucknow." ल
"I used to go to the park every day."
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Lesson 3- Conversational Sentences To watch video, click here.
Meri maa mujhe 6 baje jaga deti My mother wakes me up at 6 O'

1) 6 hai. clock.
) ल घ Vah na to school gaya na hi ghar Neither did he go to school nor
aaya. came home.
3) Either come on time or don't
Ya to samay par aao ya mat aao. come.
4) ई लल Mai dono me se koi bhi le lunga. I will take either.
5) ई लल Mai koi bhi le lunga. I will take any one of these.
) ल Ya to chay ya coffee chalegi. Either tea or coffee will do.
) Vah class me pichhad raha hai. He is lagging behind in class.
) Vah poori tarah bheeg gaya tha. He was completely drenched.

9) ल ल
Police meri gadi utha kar le gayi. Police towed away my vehicle.
10) ल Mere dost pahle se hi vaha the. My friends were already there.
Mai sanyukt pariwar ke paksh
11) me hu. I am in favour of joint family.
12) ल
Vah jaane ko utavala ho raha hai. He is itching to go.
13) घ ल Mai ghar pe akela hu. I am home alone.

14) ए Aapko bahut sari suvidhaye di You have been provided many
gayi hai. conveniences.
15) Agar aaj vah jinda hote. If he were alive today.
16) Usne mujhe santvana di. He consoled me.

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17) ल Hume bachho ki badi galtiyo ko We should not condone big
ए nazarandaaz nahi karna chahiye. mistakes of kids.
18) ल Mai use saza dilaye bina nahi
jaane dunga. I will not let him go scot free.
19) Usne mujhe bewkoof banaya. He befooled me.

20) Usne mujhe andar nahi aane
diya. He didn't let me in.
21) Mujhe nirash mat karna. Don't let me down.

22) Yah Bharat ki taraf se It was a disappointing
nirashajanak pradarshan tha. performance by India.
23) ल Doosro ko bhi bolne do. Let others speak.
24) Use apni baat rakhne do. Let him put his point.
25) ल Maine apni sari sampatti daanv I have put all my wealth at
par laga di hai. stake.
26) Maine apni sari sampatti bank I have pledged all my property
me girvi rakh di hai. to bank.
27)
Usne apna haar girvi rakh diya. She pawned her necklace.
28) ल Ve mujhe apne sath nahi le
jayenge. They will not take me along.
29) ल Sath chal rahe ho ya nahi. Coming along or not.

30) ल ल Mujhe nahi lagta kal class I doubt if the class will run
ल chalegi. tomorrow.
31) ल Mujhe nahi lagta ki uske paas ab I wonder if he is left with any
paisa bacha hai. money.
32) Vah vaha khada hai. He is standing over there.

33) Uska nasha abhi tak nahi utara
hai. His hangover is still not over.
34) ? Payedaan kaha hai? Where is doormat?

Mai tumhare pair ki jooti nahi
35) hu. I am not your doormat.
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36) ल? Ab mai chalu? Should I make a move?
37) ल ल Chalo chale. Let's make a move.
38) Mai chay pee chuka hu. I have had my tea.
39) Chay me biscuit mat duboiye. Don't dunk biscuit in tea.

40) Tumhara kabhi kuch karne ka You don't feel like doing
man nahi karta. anything ever.
41) Mera tumse baat karne ka man
nahi kar raha. I don't feel like talking to you.
42) ल ल
ई Pichhle saptah lagatar barish hui. It rained incessantly last week.
43) ल Lagatar barish ke karan match The match was cancelled due to
radd kar diya gaya. incessant rain.
44) ल Mujhe uski English se jalan hoti
hai. I envy her English.
45) ल Uske sar me chot lagi hai. He got a head injury.
46) Aage se mai dhyan rakhunga. I will take care in future.

There is no love lost between
47) Unki aapas me nahi banati. them.
48) घ ल Yah kanghi kafi nukili hai. This hair brush is quite spiky.
49) ल - Uske baal khade-khade hai. He has spiky hair.

50) Usne mere prayason ki sarahana
ki. He applauded my efforts.
Agar mai ZiTA nahi aaya hota to Had I not come to Zita, I would
51) English bolna nahi seekh paya not have learnt English
ल hota. communication.
52) Agar tumne mehnat ki hoti to If you had worked hard, you
ल tum safal hote. would have succeeded.
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53) Baat tumne chhedi. You broached the topic.
54) ? Shuruat kaun karega? Who will break the ice?

55)
Unki aapas me jhadap ho gayi. They exchanged hot words.
56) ल Mohan chalis se kam ki umar ka Mohan is on the right side of
hai. fourty.
57) ल Vah chalis se kam ka hai. He is on the right side of forty.

58) ल Mohan chalis se jyada ki umar ka Mohan is on the wrong side of
hai. forty.
59) ल Mera aaj ka din kharab chala I got up on the wrong side of
gaya. bed today.
60) Aaram haram hai. Rest is to rust.

61) Vah apne adhyapak ki nazaro me He is in the good books of his
charh gaya hai. teacher.
62) Mera zameer ijazat nahi deta. My conscience doesn't permit.
63) Vah meri jasoosi kar raha hai. He is spying on me.

64) ल Apna phone silent mode pe Keep your phone on silent
rakho. mode.
65) ए Ye hui na baat. That is more like it.
66) Kya tumhe meri baat samajh me

? aa rahi hai? Am I making sense to you?
67)
Apna hath dena mujhe. Lend me your hand.
68) ल Tum use laad pyar se bigad rahe

ho. You are pampering him.
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69) ल Vah laad pyar se bigda hua
bachha hai. He is a pampered child.
70) ल Vah aaj kal charcha me hai. He is in limelight.

Vah galat karano se charcha me He is in the news for wrong
71) ल hai. reasons.
72) Kya khichadi pak rahi hai? What is cooking?
73) ल Mai use shant kara lunga. I will placate him.
74) Bachche ko shant karao. Placate the child.

Bachcha poori tarah soya hua
75) hai. The child is fast asleep.
76) Mai chup raha. I kept mum.
77) लए Aaj ke liye paryapt hai. Enough for the day.
78) ? Tum shadi kab karoge? When are you getting married?
Mai jaise taise gujara kar raha
79) hu. I am living from hand to mouth.
80) Vah bhari jawani me mar gaya. He died in the prime of his life.
81) Dhoni me ab vo baat nahi rahi. Dhoni is past his prime.
82) ल ल Vah dalbadalu hai. He is a turncoat.
83) ई Meri jeb kat gayi. My pocket was picked.

4) ल Neither a borrower nor a lender
Na udhaar lo na udhaar do. be.
85) Vah chashme pahanti hai. She wears glasses.
86) Mai sota raha. I kept sleeping.
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His house is going under the
87) घ ल Uska ghar neelam ho raha hai. hammer.
88) How do you earn your
Tum apna guzara kaise karte ho? livelihood?
89) ल Vah mushkil se gujara kar raha He is hardly making both ends
hai. meet.
90) Usne kam umar me hi bahut He earned a lot of recognition
ल naam kama liya. in the prime of his life.
91) Usne apne maa baap ka naam
ल roshan kiya. He made his parents proud.
92) ल Tum mujh par dosh laga rahe ho. You are accusing me.
93) Yah uska apradh hai. He is the culprit.
94) ए Vah ek shatir jebkatara hai. He is a notorious pick pocket.

Will you lend me a helping
95) ? Kya aap meri madad karenge? hand?
96) 50 Kya tum mujhe 50 Rs udhar de
? sakte ho? Can you lend me 50 rupees?
97) Man se yaad karo. Learn by heart.
98) लए Der se aane ke liye khed hai. Sorry for coming late.
99) ल
Agar fail ho gaye to kahna mat. Don't blame if you fail.
100) His financial condition is in a
Uski arthik sthiti theek nahi hai. tangle.
29
Lesson-4 Tenses
Time Action Tense

Fact, Habit,
Present
regular
Indefinite
action
Present
Present
Continuity
Continuous
Past
Completed Present
Action Perfect
Future
Present
Continuity
Perfect
with time
Continuous
For video on TENSE

Present Indefinite Tense- INTRODUCTION and
PRESENT INDEFINITE
Tells- A fact, a habit or a regular action.
-ए ,ए
TENSE, CLICK HERE.
Structures-
Affirmative- Sub + verb 1st /s,es + obj
Fact- Virat Kohli is a cricketer. ल ए
Habit- He takes a balanced diet. ए ल ल
Regular Action- He goes to gym daily.
Negative- Sub + do/does not + verb 1st + Obj
He doesn’t take a balanced diet. ए ल ल
Interrogative- Do/does + sub + verb 1st + Obj ?
Does he go to gym daily? ?
Do they support him? ?
Common Adverbs of Present Indefinite-
Often, Always, Frequently, Regularly, Rarely, Daily, Every morning etc.
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Practice Questions and Answers –
Q- Do you drive a scooter daily?

Are you drive a scooter daily? X
A- Yes, I drive a scooter daily.
No, I do not drive a scooter daily.
Q- Does your brother often drive a scooter?

A- Yes, my brother often drives a scooter.
No, my brother does not often drive a scooter. For video on ‘PRESENT
Q- Does Rita drive a scooter every day? CONTINUOUS TENSE’,
A- Yes, she drives a scooter every day. CLICK HERE.
No, she does not drive a scooter every day.
Present Continuous Tense-
Tells – A temporary action in progress at present.

- ए
Structures-
Affirmative- Sub + is/am/are + verb 1st(ing) + obj
He is learning English nowadays. ल
Negative- Sub + is/am/are + not + verb 1st(ing)+ Obj
He is not listening to me.
Interrogative- Is/Am/Are + sub + Verb 1st(ing)+ Obj?
Are you driving right now? ल ?
Common adverbs of Present Continuous-
Right Now, Nowadays, Currently, etc.
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Q- Is he singing?
A- Yes, he is singing.
No, he is not singing.
Q- Are you singing?

A- Yes, I am singing.
No, I am not singing. For video on
‘PRESENT PERFECT
Q- Are they dancing?
TENSE’, CLICK HERE.
A- Yes, they are dancing.
No, they are not dancing.
Present Perfect tense-
A) With an action verb: A completed action without a specified time in the past.
He has already paid his due. ल
B) With a state verb- Be (also with ‘know’ & ‘have’)
Since a state verb doesn’t take continuous form, ‘Present Perfect’ replaces ‘Present Perfect
Cont’.
ए ई ‘ing form’ ल ‘Present Perfect Cont’ ‘Present Perfect’
It shows a state that continues from the past to the present.
He has been (been being)X here for more than 20 minutes.

20
I have known (been knowing)X him since 2012.

2012
32
Structures-
Affirmative- Sub + has/have + verb 3rd + obj
I have taken my lunch. ल
rd
Negative- Sub + has/have + not + verb 3 + obj
You have not completed your work.
Interrogative- Has/have + sub + verb 3rd + obj?
Has he finished his work? ल ?
Common Adverbs of Present Perfect-
So far, Recently, Already, Not yet, Just, Ever, Never, In the last few years, In the past week.
Q- Have you ever gone to Delhi?

A- Yes, I have gone to Delhi many times.
No, I have never gone to Delhi.
Q- Has your mother talked to the principal?

A- Yes, she has talked to the principal.
No she hasn’t talked to the principal.
For video on ‘PRESENT
Q- Have they reached home? PERFECT CONTINUOUS
A- Yes, they have reached home.
No, they have yet not reached home.
Present Perfect Continuous-
Tells – A temporary action began in past & in progress at present.

- ईए ई
Structures-
Affirmative- Sub + has/have +been + verb 1st(ing) + obj + Since/For + Time Adverb
He has been learning English since 2015. 2015
He has been learning English for many years. ई ल

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Negative- Sub + has/have + not + been + verb 1st(ing) + obj + Since/For + Time Adverb
He has not been learning English since 2015. 2015
They have not been singing for many years. ई ल
st
Interrogative- Has/Have +Sub + been + verb 1 (ing) + obj + Since/For + Time Adverb?
Has he been learning English since 2015? 2015 ?
Have you been singing for many years? ई ल ?
Common adverbs of Present Continuous-
2015, many years, last month, 2 years, 2days etc.

Q- Has your friend been dancing since morning?
A- Yes, my friend has been dancing since morning.
No, my friend has not been dancing since mourning.
Q- Have they been painting for three days?

A- Yes, they have been painting for three days.
No, they have not been painting for three days.
For video on ‘PAST
Past Indefinite Tense- INDEFINITE TENSE’,
CLICK HERE.
Tells- A fact or a regular action of the past.
- ए ई
Structures-
Affirmative- Sub + verb 2nd + obj
My father went to Delhi last night. ल ए
Negative- Sub + did not + verb 1st + Obj
He did not take me seriously. ल
Why didn’t you agree to him? ?
st
Interrogative- Did + sub + Verb 1 + Obj?
Did he go to college yesterday? ल ल ?
Did they support him? ?

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Common adverbs of Past Indefinite-

Yesterday, Last week, Last night, In my childhood, Few days ago

Q- Did you finish your work on time?
Were you finish your work on time? X
A- Yes, I finished my work on time.
No, I did not finish my work on time.
Q- Did your brother drive a scooter?

A- Yes, my brother drove a scooter.
No, my brother did not drive a scooter.
Q- Did she fix food last night?

A- Yes, she fixed food last night.
No, she did not fix food last night.
For video on
Simple Past Tense- ‘SIMPLE PAST
Tells- An action completed in the past.
- ई ई
Structures-
Affirmative- Subject+ was/were + object
I was in the party.
Negative - Subject+ was/were + not + object
I was not in the party.
Interrogative- Was/Were + subject + object?
Were you in the party? ?
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Q- Was he in the class?
A- Yes, he was in the class.
No, he was not in the class.
Q- Were they in London last year?
A- Yes, they were in London last year. For video on ‘PAST
No, they were not in London last year. CONTINUOUS TENSE’,
CLICK HERE.
Past continuous Tense-
Tells- Past Continuous and Simple Past are used together when new action happened in the
middle of a longer action.
- The Past Continuous और Simple Past ए ए ल
ई
Structures-
Affirmative - Subject+ was/were+ verb 1st+ing+ object
We were watching TV all evening.
Negative - Subject+ was/were not+ verb 1st+ing+ object
He was not studying last night. ल
st
Interrogative- Was/were+ subject+ verb 1 +ing+ object?
Were you reading novel yesterday? ल ?

Q- Was he studying last night?
A- Yes, he was studying last night.
No, he wasn’t studying last night.
Q- Was he paying attention in the class?
A- Yes, he was paying attention in the class.
No, he was not paying attention in the class.
Q- Were you taking medicines on time last week?
A- Yes, I was taking medicines on time last week.
No, I was not taking medicines on time last week.
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Past Perfect Tense-
Tells- An action completed before a certain moment in the past.

- ए ल ई
Structures-
Affirmative- Subject+ had+ verb 3rd+ object
I had done my exercise when Suresh came to see me. For video on ‘PAST
ल PERFECT TENSE’,
Negative- Subject+ had not + verb 3rd+ object CLICK HERE.
I had not written the letter before he arrived.
ल ल
Interrogative- Had+ subject+ verb 3rd + object
Had I been memorizing the answers for the past three hours?
ल घ ?
Q- Has he been writing essay since 5 O’clock?

A- Yes, he has been writing essay since 5 O’clock.
No, he has not writing essay since 5 O’clock.
Q- Has he gone to market for shopping?
A- Yes, he has gone to market for shopping.
No, he has not gone to market for shopping.
Q- Had you had your dinner? For video on ‘PAST
A- Yes, I had had my dinner. PERFECT CONTINUOUS
No, I had not had my dinner. TENSE’, CLICK HERE.
Past Perfect Continuous Tense-
Tells- An action that began before a certain point in the past and continued up to that time.
- ए ल ई

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Structures-
Affirmative - Subject+ had been+ verb 1st+ing+ object
At that time he had been writing a novel for two months.
ए ल
Negative - Subject+ had not+ been + verb 1st+ing+ object
Had you not been listening to the instructions told by the teacher?
ए ए ?
st
Interrogative- Had+ subject+ been+ verb 1 +ing+ object
Had you been watching TV for two hours when your father scolded you?
घ ?

Q- Had you been playing for two hours when your father scolded you?
A- Yes, I had been playing for two hours when my father scolded me.
No, I had not been playing for two hours when my father scolded me.
Q- Had you been walking in the morning for last 5 years?
A- Yes, I had been walking in the morning for last 5 years?
No, I had not been walking in the morning for last 5 years?
Simple Future Tense-

Tells- An action which we cannot control. It expresses the future as fact.
-ए ए
Structures-
Affirmative-Subject+ will/shall + verb 1st+ object
I shall be twenty next Saturday.
ल
Negative- Subject + will/ shall+ not+ verb 1st+ object
I'm not sure Sunita will get a first class.
ल ल
Interrogative- Will/ shall+ subject+ verb 1st+ object
We will know our exam results in May.
ई ल
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Note- Earliar only ‘SHALL’ was being used with ‘First Person Singular’ but now
we can use even ‘WILL’ with ‘First Person Singular’ barring few exceptions.
-प 'SHALL' ' ' ,
अ अप र' ' 'WILL' प ग र

Q- Will you go to the market tomorrow?
A- Yes, I will go to the market tomorrow.
No, I will not go to the market tomorrow.
Q- Will she throw a party on Monday?
A- Yes, she will throw a party on Monday.
No, she will not throw a party on Monday.
Q- Will you appreciate her for her achievements?
A- Yes, I will appreciate her for her achievements.
No, I will not appreciate her for her achievements.
Future Continuous Tense-
Tells- An action which will be in progress at a time in the future.
-ए
Structures-
Affirmative - Subject+ will be+ verb 1st+ ing+ object
They will be making preparations for their exams.
लए
Negative - Subject+ will not be+ verb 1st +ing+ object
He will not be listening to the music.
Interrogative - Will+ subject+ be+ verb 1st+ ing+ object

Will you be helping the poor?

39
Q- Will he be waiting for me?

A- Yes, he will be waiting for you.
No, he will not be waiting for you.
Q- Will the kids be making a noise?
A- Yes, the kids will be making a noise.
No, the kids will not be making a noise.
Q- Will the boys be having their meals?
A- Yes, the boys will be having their meals.
No, the boys will not be having their meals.
Future Perfect Tense-

Tells- An action that will be completed by a certain future time.
-ए ए
Structures-
Affirmative - Subject+ shall/ will have+ verb 3rd+ object
She will have started a new job. ए
rd
Negative- Subject+ shall/ will+ have+ not+ verb 3 + object
He will not have reached his home. घ
rd
Interrogative- Shall/ will+ subject+ have not+ verb 3 + object
Will she have gone to Lucknow? ल ल ई ?

Q- Will they have helped him?
A- Yes, they will have helped him.
No, they will not have helped him.
Q- Will she have started her journey?
A- Yes, she will have startd her journey.
No, she will not have started her journey.

40
Future Perfect Continuous Tense-
Tells-An action which will be in progress over a period of time that will end in the future.
-ए ल लए औ
Structures-
Affermative- Subject+ shall/ will have been+ verb 1st +ing+ object
They will have been living in Paris for five years.
ल
Negative- Subject+ shall/ will have not been+ verb 1st +ing+ object
He will not have been working in the mall for 7 months.
ल 7
Interrogative- Shall/ will+ subject+ have been+ verb 1st + ing+object
Will she have been studying in the new college since June?
ए ल ई ?
Q- Will they have been working for you since February?

A- Yes, they will have been working for me since February.
No, they will not have been working for me since February.
Q- Will you have been fixing food for 3 months?
A- Yes, I will have been fixing food for 3 months?
No, I will not have been fixing food for 3 months?
Q- Will she have been living in this apartment since Friday?
A- Yes, she will have been living in this apartment since Friday?
No, she will not have been living in this apartment since Friday?

41
Newspaper Vocabulary
‘For want of a law’ article published in ‘The Indian
Express’ on 3rd December 2018.
Reluctant (adj)- Unwilling, disinclined अकनच्छु क
Collaboration (n)- Alliance, partnership साझेदारी
Consortium (n)- Syndicate, association संघ
Nexus (n)- Connection, linkage संयोजन
Dampen (v)- Discourage, diminish उत्साहहीन करना
Skeletal (adj)- Lacking in detail, superficial सतही
Lax (adj)- Slack, slipshod, lackadaisical ढीिा-ढािा
Dreadful (adj)- Frightful, awful खराब, घकिया
Gratify (v)- Satisfy, please, oblige कृताथथ करना
Thwart (v)- Foil, prevent रोकना
Countenance (v,n)- Tolerate, permit होने दे ना
Patchy (adj)- Shoddy, scrappy, poor खराब, घकिया
Prop up (phr v)- Support समथथ न दे ना
Archaic (adj)- Obsolete, old-fashioned पुराना, कघसा-कपिा
Folly (n)- Foolishness बेवकूफी
‘Letting them flee’ article published in ‘The Indian

Express’ on 4th December 2018.
Flee (v)- Escape, get away, run away भाग जाना

Game (v)- Manipulate sth in an unfair way हे रफेर करना
Bogus (adj)- Fake, not genuine, fraudulent फजी
Dubious (adj)- Doubtful, uncertain शक पैदा करने वािा
Red faced (adj)- Awkward, Embarrassing शकमिंदगी भरा
Mount (v)- Initiate, organize शुरू करना
Fugitive (n)- Absconder भगोड़ा
Brazen (adj)-Bold, shameless, unabashed बेशमी भरा
Statutory (adj)- Enacted by a statute वै धाकनक
Protocol (n)- Code of conduct; set of rules तौर- तरीका
One-upmanship (n)- Feeling of superiority प्रधानता
Foster (v)- Nurture, promote, encourage बढ़ावा दे ना
Enabling (adj)- Supportive समथथ कारी
42
‘France Vs Paris’ article published in ‘The Indian
Cleavage (n)- A sharp division; split दरार
Unrest (n)- Agitation, turmoil उपद्रव
Epicentre (n)- The central point केंद्र-कबंदु
Immigrant (n)- People coming to live in a country आप्रवासी

Envelop(v)- Surround, cover घेरना
Descend(on)(v)- Arrive in big number बड़ी संख्या में आना
Ponder (v)- Think about, mull over, reflect on कवचार करना
Backlash (n)- Adverse reaction कवपरीत प्रकतकिया

Fuel by (phr v)- Spark by कारण बनना
Swathe (n)- Large area(or number) बड़ा कहस्सा/संख्या
Boil over (phr v)- To go out of control अकनयंकित होना
Alienation(n)- Isolation अिगाव की भावना
‘Welcome Truce’ article published in ‘The Indian

Truce (n)- Suspension of hostilities शांकत समझौता
Roil (v)- Cause upheavel हिचि मचाना
Counterpart (n)- Equivalent in post समकक्ष
Tariff (n)- Tax, duty कर, चुंगी

Barrier (n)- Hindrance बाधा
Vis-à-vis (prep)- In relation to की तु िना में
Intrusion (n)- Trespass, encroachment सीमा िांघना
Ceasefire (n)- Armistice, truce युद्ध कवराम

Retribution (n)- Punishment as revenge ककये की सजा
Spinoff (n)- By-product, consequence पररणाम

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‘Exit Lines’ article published in ‘The Indian Express’
on 11th December 2018.
Disquieting (adj)- Dreadful, worrying कचंता से भरे
Autonomy (n)- Independence स्वायत्तता
Imperil (v)- Endanger, jeopardize खतरे में डािना
Unprecedented (adj)- Unparalleled, unmatched अभूतपूवथ

Unveil (v)- Reveal दशाथना, सामने िाना
Green shoots (phrase)- Signs of revival बेहतरी के संकेत
Aftermath (n)- Repercussions, after-effects पररणाम
Fraught (adj)- Anxious, worried कचंता से भरे

Saddled (adj)- Burdened बोझ के ते ि
Spat (n)- quarrel about an unimportant matter झगड़ा
Augment (v)- Increase, strengthen मजबूती दे ना
Broach (v)- Raise(an issue), bring up मुद्दा उठाना

Explicit (adj)- Stated clearly and in detail साफ़-साफ़
‘Momentum & a Reality Check’ article published in

‘The Indian Express’ on 11th December 2018.
Savour (v)- Enjoy(the taste of sth) आनं द उठाना
Futility (n)- Pointlessness or uselessness कनरथथ कता

Unambiguously (adv)- Clearly साफ़ तौर पर
Invincibility (n)- Quality of being unconquerable अपराजेयता
Resonant (adj)- Signalling clearly साफ़ इशारा करना
Trample (v)- Trounce कुचिना
Manoeuvering (n)- Strategem, ploy, trick पैंतरे बाजी

Unsubtle (adj)- Obvious जाकहर
Defy (v)- Openly resist or refuse to obey प्रकतरोध करना
Wrest (v)- Capture हकथयाना
Incumbent (n)- Office-bearer पदधारी
44
Vocabulary
1) Abandon(v)
Pronunciation- /əˈband(ə)n/ अबेंडन
Meaning- Give up or leave behind छोड़ दे ना, परित्याग किना
Example- He abandoned his car & hired a taxi.
- उसने अपनी काि छोड़ दी तथा एक टै क्सी ककिाये पि ली।
2) Abandoned (adj)
Pronunciation- /əˈband(ə)nd/ अबेंडनड
Meaning- Having been deserted or lef छोड़ा हुआ, लावारिस
Example- An abandoned car was found by the police.
- पुकलस को एक लावारिस काि किली।
3) Ability(n)
Pronunciation- /əˈbɪlɪti/ अकबकलटी
Meaning- The quality of being able to perform क्षिता, योग्यता
Example- He is a man of extraordinary ability.
- उसिे किाल की योग्यता है।
4) Able(adj)
Pronunciation- /ˈeɪb(ə)l/ एबल
Meaning- Having the necessary means or skills to do sth सिथथ
Example- He was able to convince his brother.
- वह अपने भाई को िनाने िें सिथथ िहा।
5) About(prep)
Pronunciation- /əˈbaʊt/ अबाउट
Meaning- A little more or less than; a little before or after लगभग
Example- He arrived (at) about ten.
- वह लगभग दस बजे आया।
6) Above(prep)
Pronunciation- /əˈbʌv/ अबव
Meaning- In or to a place that is higher ऊपि
Example- The plane was flying above the clouds.
- हवाई जहाज़ बादलोों के ऊपि उड़ िहा था।
For video on these words, click here.

45
7) Abroad (adv)
Pronunciation- /əˈbrɔːd/ अब्रॉड
Meaning- In or to a foreign country कवदे श िें
Example- She worked abroad for a year.
- उसने एक साल कवदे श िें काि ककया।
8) Absence (n)
Pronunciation- /ˈæbsəns/ एब्सोंस
Meaning- The state of being absent अनुपस्थथकत
Example- The decision was made in my absence.
- कनर्थय िे िी अनुपस्थथकत िें कलया गया।
9) Absent (adj)
Pronunciation- /ˈæbsənt/ एब्सोंट
Meaning- Not present अनुपस्थथत
Example- He was absent yesterday.
- वह कल अनुपस्थथत था।
10) Absolute (adj)
Pronunciation- /ˈæbsəluːt/ एब्सल्यूट
Meaning- Total and complete पूर्थ
Example- She said this with absolute certainty.
- यह बात उसने पूर्थ यकीन से कही।
11) Absolutely (adverb)
Pronunciation- /ˈæbsəluːtli/ एब्सल्यूटली
Meaning- Used to emphasize that sth is completely true पूिी तौि से, पूर्थतया
Example- You're absolutely right.
- तु ि कबलकुल ठीक कह िहे हो ।
12) Absorb (verb)
Pronunciation- /əbˈzɔːb/ अब्ज़ॉब
Meaning- Take in sth सोखना, अवशोकित किना
Example- Plants absorb carbon dioxide from air.
- पौधे वायु से काबथन- डाई- ऑक्साइड ले ते हैं ।
13) Abuse (noun)
Pronunciation- /əˈbjuːs/ अब्यूज़
Meaning- Use of sth in a wrong or harmful way; misuse दु स्र्पयोग किना
Example- He was found guilty of abusing his position.
- उसे अपने पद का दु रूपयोग किने का दोिी पाया गया।
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14)Academic (adjective)
Pronunciation- /ˌækəˈdemɪk/ एकेडकिक
Meaning- Connected with education कशक्षा- सम्बन्धी
Example- The students return in July for the start of the new academic year.
- छात्र नए शैक्षकर्क सत्र के कलए जुलाई िें वापस आते हैं।
15) Accent (noun)
Pronunciation- /ˈæksent/ एक्सेंट
Meaning- A way of pronouncing the words of a language उच्चािर्
Example- She speaks English with an accent.
- वह इों स्िश एक खास उच्चािर् के साथ बोलती है ।
16) Accept (verb)
Pronunciation- /əkˈsept/ एक्सेप्ट
Meaning- To take willingly something that is offered स्वीकाि किना
Example- She's decided not to accept the job.
- उसने जॉब स्वीकाि न किने का कनर्थय कलया।
17) Acceptable (adjective)
Pronunciation- /əkˈseptəbl/ अक्सेप्टबल
Meaning- Approved of by most people in a society स्वीकायथ
Example- Children must learn socially acceptable behaviour.
- बच्चोों को सािाकजक रूप से स्वीकायथ व्यवहाि सीख ले ना चाकहए।
18) Access (noun)
Pronunciation- /ˈækses/ एक्सेस
Meaning- A way of entering or reaching a place पहुों च
Example- There is easy access by road.
- सड़क से पहुों चना आसान है ।
19) Accident (noun)
Pronunciation- / ‘æksɪdənt’/ ऐक्सीडें ट
Meaning- Something that happens unexpectedly दु र्थटना
Example- He was killed in an accident.
- वह एक दु र्थटना िें िािे गए।
20) Accidental (adjective)
Pronunciation- /ˌæksɪˈdentl/ एक्सीडें टल
Meaning- Happening by chance; not planned आकस्िक, सोंयोगवश
Example- I didn't think our meeting was accidental.
- िु झे नहीों लगता कक हिािी िु लाकात सोंयोगवश थी।
47
Role Plays
For the video on Parents teacher
meeting, click here. 1) How are you doing?
Aap kaise hain?
Parents Teacher Meeting ?
A- Hello sir. 2 What brings you here at this

B- A very good evening Mrs. A. How are you doing? hour?
A- Pretty good, sir. What about you?

?
B- Great. What brings you here at this hour?
Is samay aapka yahan kaise aana
A- Actually sir, I need your help. Tomorrow, there is a
hua?
parent teacher meeting in my daughter’s school. And I
3 I am feeling a bit hesitant.
am feeling a bit hesitant because of my not so good
Mai thoda sankoch mahasoos
English. So it would be great if you could accompany
kar raha hoon.
me to the school for the same.
I
B- Ok, Let me check my schedule for tomorrow…. Ok, I
4 I can spare some time.
think I can spare some time tomorrow morning. At
Mai kuch samay nikal sakta
what time is the meeting?
hoon.
A- It’s at 9 in the morning and we’ll be free by 11. Will it
ल
be ok for you?
5. I got stuck in traffic.
(Next Day at the school gate)
Mai yaataayaat mein phans gaya.
B- Hey Mrs. A, I hope I am on time & didn’t keep you
waiting. I got stuck in traffic.
6. You made it on time.
A- Absolutely not, sir; actually you made it on time.
B- Good morning dear. Aap samay per aaye hain.
C- Good morning sir. I
B- She is such a cute child. What’s your name dear?

C- Thanks for the compliment, sir. My name is ‘C’.
(At C’s school)
B- Wow, what a majestic grandeur this school building
has!
48
A- Yes sir, and the architecture of the building is also 7 We can have your inputs too.
great. Let’s get in. Hume aapki bhi raye milegi.
D- Hello, I am Sebi, Vobi’s class teacher. ल I
A- Hello ma’am I am Mrs. A, C’s mother. And he is my 8 It’s a pleasure to meet you.
sir, Mr. B. Aapse milkar khushi hui.
D- I’m glad that you brought Mr. B along… We can ल ई
have your inputs too, Mr. B.
9. Does she act up in class?
B- It’s a pleasure to meet you Ms. D.
Kya vo kaksha mein nakhre
A- Does she act up in class, ma’am? dikhati hai?
D- Not at all. On the contrary, she is quite obedient ?
& disciplined.
10. On the contrary, she is quite
A- That’s a relief…. Hope she isn’t messing up in the obedient.
class? Iske vipreet, vah kaafi aagyakari
D- Of course not.. Your daughter is smart and very well hai.
behaved. ,
A- I’m so glad to hear that she’s doing well.

B- What are her strongest and weakest subjects, 11. Hope she isn’t messing up in
the class.
ma’am?
Ummeed hai ki vah kaksha mein
D- She is quite good at English but needs to improve in gadbad nahin kar rahi hai.
Maths.
A- Oh, Maths was my Achilles’ heel as well.
B- Well done dear C. It feels good to hear that you are 12. Maths was my Achilles’ heel
doing well in English. as well.
A- But, what should we do about Mathematics? Ganit meri bhi kamzori thi.
D- Look, Mrs. A, every child has got some grey areas &
some strong points. And we should accept the child in
its current state & should work together to improve its
weak areas.

49
A- Thanks for the nice piece of advice Ms. D. I will try to 13. She is a gifted painter.
follow your suggestion. Vah ek pratibhashaali chitrakar

hai.
D- Don’t worry, I had a word with her mathematics
ए ल
teacher and I discussed her problem with her.
A- Thank you so much. 14. She has a long way to go.
D- Please don’t mention that. Abhee use bahut kuchh karna

baaki hai.
B- And what about her extra curriculur activities?
D- Sir, she is a gifted painter. And apart from that she
has got a lovely voice. 15. If you could please update
me with her progress in the last
A- Yes ma’am and she loves singing. month.
B- Hmm… that means she is quiet creative also. Yadi aap mujhe uski pichhle
A- How are my child's test-taking skills? maah ki pragati ke bate bata
sake.
D- Her test-taking skills are good. She always
completes her exam in time. ल
ए
B- Has she missed any classes other than her excused
16. Don’t sweat over small
absences?
things.
D- Absolutely not.
Chhoti-chhoti baton par
B- Do you think she is reaching her full potential? pareshan mat hoiye.
D- Looking at her age she has done exceedingly well. -
Yet, she has a long way to go. ए
A- Ms. D, I trust you and this school to keep getting the

best out of her.
D- We surely will, Mrs A.
A- I have one more request. If you could please
update me with her progress in the last month.
D- Sure, you can have a word with me anytime or we
can also fix a meeting.
A- Sure.
D- Don’t sweat over small things. She is under our
guidance and we will take good care of her.
50
17. Thank you so much ma’am

A- Thank you so much ma’am for instilling good for instilling good values in my
child & taking extra care of her.
values in my child & taking extra care of her. Your
Meri beti me achchhi baatei
words have given me a lot of confidence.
daalne aur us pr jyaada dhyaan
D- You’re welcome. Thank you for bringing Mr. B. dene k liye aapka bahut bahut
B- It was a pleasure talking to you Ms. D. And I think dhanyawad ma’am.
C’s future is in right hands. Though she seems to be a ल औ

लए
child prodigy, it requires a good teacher to bring the
- ,
best out of a child & you are doing that wonderfully
18. Now we must take your
well Ms. D. leave.
A- Thank you Ms D. Now we must take your leave. Ab ham aapse ijazat chahte hain.
D- You’re most welcome.
A- Thanks a million sir, for culling out some time for us
from your busy schedule.
B- Please mention not Yebi. I too enjoyed the meeting.
C- Thank you so much uncle for appreciating my
efforts and speaking highly of me.
B- Ohh… so cute of you. I wish you a very bright future
& a Happy Dussehra.
C- Happy Dussehra.

51
Interview – BPO
A- As promised earlier so I’ll take Tobi’s Mock interview today. Tobi are you ready?
B- Yes sir.
A- So let’s start.
(Interview starts) For videos on
B- May I come in, sir? interview,
A- Come in, please. click here.
A- Please have a seat gentleman.
B- Thank you so much sir.
A- Please tell me something about yourself.
B- Good morning, sir. My name is Tobi. I have done graduation in science from
Lucknow University and I have also done CCC in computers.
Nowadays, I am doing a part time job at Aviton in LKO.
A- What are your hobbies?
B- My hobbies are playing badminton and making new friends.
A- Tell me something about your family?
B- Sure, sir. There are five members in my family-my parents and two siblings other
than me. My father is a government employee in BSNL at Mahanagar in Lucknow. My
mother is a homemaker. My brother is doing a job & my sister is still studying.
A- Where do you belong to & where are you living currently?
B- I belong to Lucknow & I live at engineering college in Lucknow.
A- What is your ambition?
B- Sir, my ambition is to become a successful BPO manager & reach the top of the
corporate ladder.
A- What are your short term & long term goals?

52
B- Sir, in the short term, I would like to have a clear understanding of the business.
In the long term, I would like to get promoted with my hard work & dedication. I
would like to see myself at a higher position in this organization.
A- Describe your personality?
B- Sir, basically I am an ambitious person. I am quite industrious too. I give 100% to the
task I take on & don’t relax until I finish the task in hand. I also have fairly good
communication skills.
A- What do you dread most?
B- I dread not giving my 100% to any task.
A- How did you come to know about this job?
B- Sir, I came to know about this job through newspaper.
A- Why do you want to join this company?
B- Sir, Crypton is a very reputed company which is known for its size of operation &
growth. I would like to join Crypton & grow in this organisation. I would also like to
learn new things on the way.
A- Are you joining this company or joining BPO sector?
B- I am joining both, sir. I want to join BPO Sector in a company like Crypton.
A- Why do you want to join BPO sector?
B- I want to join BPO sector since I see myself learning a lot in this industry. I love to
communicate with people & tell them about something in an interesting manner. I
think I can use both of these skills to good effect & be successful in this sector.
A- What is the full form of BPO?
For video on BPO
B- BPO stands for Business Process Outsourcing. interview, click here.
A- What are the qualities required in a BPO employee?
B- Sir, the first thing required for the job of BPO is communication skills & second skill
required is convincing power & last but the most important is patience.

53
A- Are you comfortable handling customers on the phone?

B- Very much, sir. In fact I am looking forward to the opportunity.
A- Are you comfortable working night shifts?
B- Yes, sir. I can work both day & night shift as per the requirement of the company.
A- Where do you see yourself 5 years from now?
B- Sir, I see myself working at a middle management level in this company five years
from now.
A- If you get better opportunity outside, would you not shift?
B- Sir, I believe I will get enough opportunities to grow in the same company. I would
like to grow vertically rather than horizontally.
A- What are your salary expectations?
B- Sir, right now I am looking for a decent job in a good company & since you have a
uniform HR policy, I know you will not change your salary structure for me.
A- Ok. Do you have any questions?
B- Sir, I would like to know what the next step in selection process is.
A- Ok. If we find you suitable you will soon hear from our HR manager. He will tell you
the next step. All the best!
B- Thank you so much sir.
A- Well done Tobi. So this is how an interview is conducted.
B- Thanks a lot, sir.
For video on
BPO interview,
click here.

54
55

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1

Lesson 3- Conversational Sentences 25-30

Lesson 6- Vocabulary 46-48

Lesson 7- Role plays- Parents Teacher Meeting, Interview BPO 49-55

Wish you a great learning experience!

e book e labrary (https://winitwithvinit.subscribemenow.com/ )

Lesson 1- Asking Questions

Some Question Words -

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How much ककतना (Uncountable)

How many ककतना (Countable)

Which one कौन सा

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With whom ककसके साथ

How long ककतना िम्बा/ /

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How soon ककतनी जल्दी

How Beautiful ककतनी सुन्दर

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Some Important Parts of Speech-

Now I am going to bed.

I was living in Delhi then.

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Whatever you want.

Whenever you want.

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Wherein lies the difference.

Some Important Question Phrases-

From whose + Noun ककसके Noun से

With which + Noun ककस Noun के साथ

Towards which + Noun ककस Noun की तरफ

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By which + Noun ककस Noun से

In which + Noun ककस + Noun+ में

With whom कक के साथ

For whose + Noun ककसके Noun के किए

What kind of + Noun ककस तरह की Noun

How come ककस तरह/कैसे

At what time ककस समय

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Summary Question Words-

Who- - Subject औ Object ल लए ( लए)

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Some Pronouns & Possessive Adjectives-

Possessive Possessive Reflexive

For detailed explanation of PRONOUN through video, click here.

Some Common Verbs

QUASM- Question Word + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb + ?

Question Auxiliary Subject Main Verb

Where do you live? ?

 Whose + Object + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Action Verb +?

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ASM- Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb + ? (For asking confirmation.)

Auxiliary Verb Subject Main Verb

• Has • Ravi • gone?

Has Ravi gone? ल ?

1- ‘To be’ as the main verb

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