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    What Is OLAP? Cube, Operations & Types in Data Warehouse

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    GabrielAlexandru
    OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) allows users to analyze multidimensional data from multiple sources simultaneously. Data is stored in cubes that are optimized for quick analysis. Cubes contain measures categorized by dimensions. Basic OLAP operations include roll-up, drill-down, slice, and pivot to aggregate, filter, and rearrange data for analysis. Roll-up consolidates along a hierarchy, drill-down divides into smaller parts, slice selects a dimension to create a sub-cube, and pivot rotates the data axes.

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    What Is OLAP? Cube, Operations & Types in Data Warehouse

    Uploaded by

    GabrielAlexandru
    141 views7 pages
    OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) allows users to analyze multidimensional data from multiple sources simultaneously. Data is stored in cubes that are optimized for quick analysis. Cubes contain measures categorized by dimensions. Basic OLAP operations include roll-up, drill-down, slice, and pivot to aggregate, filter, and rearrange data for analysis. Roll-up consolidates along a hierarchy, drill-down divides into smaller parts, slice selects a dimension to create a sub-cube, and pivot rotates the data axes.

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    What is OLAP

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    OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) allows users to analyze multidimensional data from multiple sources simultaneously. Data is stored in cubes that are optimized for quick analysis. Cubes contain measures categorized by dimensions. Basic OLAP operations include roll-up, drill-down, slice, and pivot to aggregate, filter, and rearrange data for analysis. Roll-up consolidates along a hierarchy, drill-down divides into smaller parts, slice selects a dimension to create a sub-cube, and pivot rotates the data axes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    141 views7 pages

    What Is OLAP? Cube, Operations & Types in Data Warehouse

    Uploaded by

    GabrielAlexandru
    OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) allows users to analyze multidimensional data from multiple sources simultaneously. Data is stored in cubes that are optimized for quick analysis. Cubes contain measures categorized by dimensions. Basic OLAP operations include roll-up, drill-down, slice, and pivot to aggregate, filter, and rearrange data for analysis. Roll-up consolidates along a hierarchy, drill-down divides into smaller parts, slice selects a dimension to create a sub-cube, and pivot rotates the data axes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    What is OLAP?

    Cube, Operations & Types


    in Data Warehouse
    What is OLAP?
    Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) is a category of software that allows users to analyze
    information from multiple database systems at the same time. It is a technology that enables
    analysts to extract and view business data from different points of view.

    Analysts frequently need to group, aggregate and join data. These operations in relational
    databases are resource intensive. With OLAP data can be pre-calculated and pre-aggregated,
    making analysis faster.

    OLAP databases are divided into one or more cubes. The cubes are designed in such a way that
    creating and viewing reports become easy. OLAP stands for Online Analytical Processing.

    OLAP cube:

    At the core of the OLAP concept, is an OLAP Cube. The OLAP cube is a data structure
    optimized for very quick data analysis.

    The OLAP Cube consists of numeric facts called measures which are categorized by dimensions.
    OLAP Cube is also called the hypercube.
    Usually, data operations and analysis are performed using the simple spreadsheet, where data
    values are arranged in row and column format. This is ideal for two-dimensional data. However,
    OLAP contains multidimensional data, with data usually obtained from a different and unrelated
    source. Using a spreadsheet is not an optimal option. The cube can store and analyze
    multidimensional data in a logical and orderly manner.

    How does it work?

    A Data warehouse would extract information from multiple data sources and formats like text
    files, excel sheet, multimedia files, etc.

    The extracted data is cleaned and transformed. Data is loaded into an OLAP server (or OLAP
    cube) where information is pre-calculated in advance for further analysis.

    Basic analytical operations of OLAP


    Four types of analytical operations in OLAP are:

    1. Roll-up
    2. Drill-down
    3. Slice and dice
    4. Pivot (rotate)

    1) Roll-up:

    Roll-up is also known as "consolidation" or "aggregation." The Roll-up operation can be


    performed in 2 ways

    1. Reducing dimensions
    2. Climbing up concept hierarchy. Concept hierarchy is a system of grouping things based
    on their order or level.

    Consider the following diagram


    • In this example, cities New jersey and Lost Angles and rolled up into country USA
    • The sales figure of New Jersey and Los Angeles are 440 and 1560 respectively. They
    become 2000 after roll-up
    • In this aggregation process, data is location hierarchy moves up from city to the country.
    • In the roll-up process at least one or more dimensions need to be removed. In this
    example, Quater dimension is removed.

    2) Drill-down

    In drill-down data is fragmented into smaller parts. It is the opposite of the rollup process. It can
    be done via

    • Moving down the concept hierarchy


    • Increasing a dimension
    Consider the diagram above

    • Quater Q1 is drilled down to months January, February, and March. Corresponding sales
    are also registers.
    • In this example, dimension months are added.

    3) Slice:

    Here, one dimension is selected, and a new sub-cube is created.

    Following diagram explain how slice operation performed:


    • Dimension Time is Sliced with Q1 as the filter.
    • A new cube is created altogether.

    Dice:

    This operation is similar to a slice. The difference in dice is you select 2 or more dimensions that
    result in the creation of a sub-cube.
    4) Pivot

    In Pivot, you rotate the data axes to provide a substitute presentation of data.

    In the following example, the pivot is based on item types.

    Read more https://www.guru99.com/online-analytical-processing.html

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