New Applied Technology, Efficiency, and Lighting Initiative

Corporate Agreement # 114-A-00-05-00106-00

Energy Audit Report of Khashuri Hospital

The information provided in this report is not official U.S. Government information and does not
represent the views or positions of the U.S. Agency for International Development or the U.S.
Government.
 Energy Audit Report of the Khashuri Hospital

Prepared for: USAID/Caucasus 11 George Balanchine Street,

0131 Tbilisi, Georgia

Prepared by: NEW APPLIED TECHNOLOGY, EFFICIENCY I. Chavchavadze Avenue

AND LIGHTING INITIATIVE (NATELI) II Blind Alley, 4-8, Apartment 6
Tbilisi, 0105, Georgia
Tel: +995 32 50 63 43
Fax: +995 32 93 53 52

Prepared by Sustainable Development and Policy Center for Winrock International

Tbilisi
May 2011

2
 Content

1 Summary .................................................................................................................................. 4
2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 5
2.1 Background ............................................................................................................................... 5
2.2 The Project Development Process ............................................................................................ 5
3 Project Organisation ................................................................................................................ 7
4 Standards and Regulation ......................................................................................................... 7
5 Building State Description ......................................................................................................... 8
5.1 General Conditions.................................................................................................................... 8
5.3 Hot Water Supply System ....................................................................................................... 10
5.4 Lighting System ....................................................................................................................... 11
5.5 Various ................................................................................................................................. 11
6.1. Measured Energy Consumption ............................................................................................ 12
6.2 Calculated and Baseline Energy Consumption .................................................................... 12
7 Energy Efficiency Potential................................................................................................... 14
8 Energy Efficiency Measures ................................................................................................. 15
8.1 List of Measures ...................................................................................................................... 15
8.2 Measures ................................................................................................................................ 15
9 Environmental Benefits......................................................................................................... 20
Appendix 1 .................................................................................................................................. 20

3
1 Summary
The baseline for energy consumption of the Khashuri Hospital for its normal functioning is
approximately 469,094 kWh/year for space heating supplied by a local boiler 202,639
kWh/year for hot water supply as well as 84,206 kWh/year electricity for the lighting
system.
The Energy Audit identified a considerable energy efficiency improvement potential for the
hospital:

Savings in Delivered Energy 206202 kWh/year

Net Savings 23802 GEL/year
Investments 105336 GEL
Payback 4.4 Years

The energy savings potential for the identified energy efficiency and renovation measures is
summarized in the following table, with a ranking of measures and their profitability - Net
Present Value Quotient (NPVQ).
The real interest rate used in these economic calculations is taken as 3.5%. This number
derives from a 15.1% nominal interest rate and the 11.2% official inflation rate.1
For investment and savings assumption effectiveness, all measures should be implemented
within one project. The figures have an accuracy of ±10-15%.

EE Potential - Energy Audit

Khashuri Hospital Heated Area: 3845 12,349 m²
EE Measures Investment Net Savings Payback NPVQ
[GEL] [kWh/yr] [GEL/yr] [year] *
1. Insulation of walls 35800 80410 8845 4.1 2.51
2. Insulation of ceiling 14036 38846 4273 3.3 3.32
3. Installation of a new lighting system 2500 19309 3244 0.8 2.63
4. Helio-system 53000 67637 7440 7.1 0.99
Profitable EE Measures
1. Insulation of walls 35800 80410 8845 4.1 2.51
2. Insulation of ceiling 14036 38846 4273 3.3 3.32
3. Installation of a new lighting system 2500 19309 3244 0.8 2.63
4. Helio-system 53000 67637 7440 7.1 0.99
Total 105336 206202 23802 4.4

1
Annual inflation rate was taken as 3.2% according to the ENSI economic program
4
2 Introduction
2.1 Background
The energy audit of the Khashuri Hospital has been carried out by the Sustainable
Development and Policy (SDAP) Center within the scope of the work of the energy
management component of the NATELI project, led by Winrock International. The results of
the energy audit are included in this report.
The Khashuri Hospital building began operation in 1962 and since then has not been
repaired. The heating system has not functioned since 1990 year.
Currently, redesigning works of the whole building of the hospital are going on. After
reconstruction the building will be provided with a new heating system and with double-
glazed metal-plastic windows.
The goal of the project is to reduce energy costs, improve the indoor environment conditions
and improve building exploitation efficiency.

2.2 The Project Development Process

The project development includes the evaluation and implementation of profitable energy
efficiency (EE) measures in the building. Each building is unique and subsequently each
project must be evaluated separately for the identification of individual energy savings
possibilities. The building owners might have a different vision for renovation and different
requirements for the profitability of EE measures.
Hence, the total Project Development Process is divided into six main activities, as
illustrated in the flow chart below.

5
1. Project Identification Project
Identification

2. Scanning Scanning

Improvement
3. Energy Audit Potential

Simplified Detailed Auditing

Auditing with guarantee
4. Business Plan

Business Planning

5. Implementation
Implementation

6. Operation Operation

This report is based on a detailed energy audit.

6
3 Project Organisation

Name of Project/Building/Site: Khashuri Hospital

Address: Rustaveli St
Contact Person: Archil Akhalkatsi
Phone: 897 00 19 10 (mobile)
Building Owner:
The work is carried out by: Sustainable Development and Policy (SDAP) Center
Contact Person for the Energy
Karina Melikidze
Audit:
Address: #34 Al. Kazbegi Ave. Plot # 3, Office 104, Tbilisi
Phone: (99532) 20 67 73
Fax: (99532) 42 00 60
Role in the Project: Director of the SDAP Center
Expert: Karina Melikidze
Phone: 893 14 62 54
In charge of conducting energy audit by the Key Number
Role in the Project:
software program and writing report
Consultant: N. Kevkhishvili – GTU Professor
Phone:
Energy Auditor, in charge of site inspection and carrying
Role in the Project:
out energy audit
Consultant: P. Gagnidze – Energy Audit Expert
Phone: 851 340 477
Energy audit team member, in charge of site inspection and
Role in the Project:
carrying out energy audit

4 Standards and Regulation

The following Standards and Regulations are relevant for the energy efficiency and
renovation measures:
 Heating, Ventilation, and Conditioning SNIP 2.04.05-86
 Boiler Plant
 Sanitary Regulations
 Construction Thermal Engineering SNIP II-3-79*
From these standards and regulations, the following requirements are relevant:
 Heating, Ventilation, and Conditioning SNIP 2.04.05-86
 Boiler Plant
 Sanitary Regulations
 Construction Thermal Engineering SNIP II-3-79*

7
 5 Building State Description
5.1 General Conditions

Type of Building Khashuri Hospital

Year of Construction 1962 In regular operation
Working days Saturday Sunday
Maintenance 24 24 24 (hours/
day)
Heating Schedule 24 24 24 (hours/
day)
Number of Occupants (staff and in-patients)
Permanent Inhabitants/Staff 30 persons
Number of Beds 31 unit
Average Indoor Temperature: 21°С

Building Data

Total Area 3845 m² Second Floor Area 914 m²

Total Volume 12423 m³ Third Floor Area 914 m²
Floor Area (footprint) 1103 m² Number of Floors 3

External Walls
General evaluation of the condition of the
medium thermal capacity
walls
U value
Total area of external
1392 m² (averag 1.22 W/m²K
walls
e)
Orientation N E S W

Total
Coefficient of the thermal conductivity for walls: concrete is λ=0.8 w/m*K,
thickness δ= 0.51 m, exterior cement sandy plaster - δ=0.02 m,
λ=0.93w/m*K and from the inside an insulation layer with a thickness
δ=0.05 m, λ=0.055 w/m*K is proposed.
Material Type
Required thermal resistance value in case of insulation was calculated as:
m1
R0=1/8.7+0.51/0.8+0.02/0.93+0.05/0.05+0.01/0.8+1/23 =1.83 m2* K/W
Heat transfer value: U= 1/1.83=0.54 W/m2 K

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Windows
General evaluation of the condition of windows With double-glazed metal plastic windows.
U value
Total Area of Windows 268 m² 3.0 W/m²K
(existing)
Type
Orientation Material1 2 Size A x B Area Q-ty g Joints U value
m m2 n M W/m2K

1.704 1
1.42x1.2
5.3676 2
1.42x1.89
80.173 21
2.02x1.89
N W 2G 8 15 0.62 - 3
2.02x1.2
36.36 10
1.2x0.8
9.6

1.704
1.42 x1.2 1
E W 2G 10.73. 0.62 - 3
1.42 x1.89 4
52

42x1.2 15.336
9
1.42x1.89 75.146
28
S W 2G 2.02.42x1.8 4 0,62 - 3
2
9 7.6356

1.42x1.2 1.704
1
1.42x1.89 10.735
4
NE W 2G 2.44x2.02 2 0.62 - 3
1
2.02x1.89 4.9288
2
7.6356
Total 268.8 101
Material 1 Wood (W), Aluminium (Al), Plastic (P), Steel (St)
Type 2 Single-frame (S), Double-frame (D), Bonded frame
(B), Single glazed (1G), Double glazed (2G), Triple
glazed (3G)

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Doors
General evaluation of the condition of doors Metal plastic
Type of doors Single framed double glazing
W/
U-value m
No. of doors 9 Total area, doors 26 m² 2.91
(average) ²
K

Roof
General evaluation of the condition of the roof Acceptable, with attic
914 U value
Total Roof Area m² 1.2 W/m²K
(average)
Avg.
Insul. Slab
Material temp Area U
Roof type Insulation type thickn. thickn.
type . m² W/m²K
m m
°C
Roof with garret m1 Glass wool 5 cm 0.7
Total
Material Type m1 10 mm plywood
Insulation Type i1
The heat transfer U value (average) is evaluated as 1.2 W/m2 K. Based on information about
the roof material as well as the results of the site inspection.

Floor (with heat losses to outdoor air, through ground or unheated cold, basement)
General evaluation of the condition of the
Not Acceptable
floor
1103 U value
Total Floor Area m² 1.1 W/m²K
(average)
Type of Floor Under the floor is a basement
Floor Construction
Concrete covered with laminated plastic and ceramic floor tiles
Materials

5.2 Heating System

The heating system of the Khashuri Hospital hasn’t functioned since 1990. Currently,
renovation works are taking place for a whole building reconstruction and afterwards it is
planned to equip the building with a new heating system.

5.3 Hot Water Supply System

After reconstruction, the hospital hot water supply will reach a project design volume of 1350
liter (m2 per year).

10
 5.4 Lighting System
Quantity Installed Average
Luminaries Capacity Power Type of Control/Comments
pcs kW W/m2
Incandescent 100 W 160 16 4.2
Other energy efficient
bulbs - - -
Total 160 16 4.2

Lighting
Average Power Demand 5.0 W/m2
Operation Period 70 h/week
Operation Period 52 weeks/year
Max. Simultaneous Power 8.8 W/m²

5.5 Various
Quantity Installed Average
Various Exploitable Capacity Power Comments
pcs kW W/m2
Computers 1 0.2 0.3
X-ray Machine 1 63 4
Ultra Sound Machine 1 0.25 0.1
Centrifugal Machine 1 0.15 0.1
Urine Testing Machine 1 6.5 0.1
Blood Testing Equipment 2 0.2 1.0
Other Medical Equipment 50 2.5
Total 120 8.1

Various Exploitable
Average Power Demand 4.0 W/m2
Operation Period 70 h/week
Operation Period 52 weeks/year
Max. Simultaneous Power 5.0 W/m²

11
6 Energy Consumption
6.1. Measured Energy Consumption

As the hospital building was not equipped with a heating system in past years a comparison
of economic parameters was made based on data and the result of energy saving
measures.

Thermal Capacity and Tariffs:

Thermal
Energy Carrier Unit Comment
Capacity
33676
Natural gas kj/m3 i.e. 9.36 kWh/Nm3

Electricity tariff - 0.168 Gel/kWh

Natural gas tariff - 0.8534 Gel/ m3
The thermal energy cost - 0,8534/(9.36*0.86)=0.11 Gel/kWh

6.2 Calculated and Baseline Energy Consumption

The baseline energy consumption of the Khashuri Hospital necessary to ensure normal
operating conditions is 469094 kWh/year for space heating, 202639 kWh/year for hot water
supply and 84206 kWh/year for electricity lighting system purposes.
The building is characterized as one with a medium thermal capacity.
The decision to undertake an energy audit was made because a building renovation is
currently being carried out, thus the aim of this energy audit is to estimate the energy
consumption and ENCON potential in the building and to develop further recommendations.

Energy Budget
The calculated and measured energy consumption before and after the implementation of
the energy efficiency and renovation measures is summarized in the following Energy
Budget Table.

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 ENERGY BUDGET - ENERGY AUDIT
Before EE Before EE Before EE After EE and
Budget Item
Calculated Measured Baseline Renovation
[kWh/m²year] [kWh/m²year] [kWh/m²year] [kWh/m²year]
Heating 122.0 122.0 122.0 81.1
Ventilation 0 0 0 0
DHW 52.7 52.7 52.7 52.7
Pumps 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.8
Lighting 21.9 21.9 21.9 9.1
Various 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7
Cooling 0 0 0 0
Total 222.1 222.1 222.1 168.4
ENERGY BUDGET - ENERGY AUDIT
Before EE Before EE Before EE After EE and
Budget Item
Calculated Measured Baseline Renovation
[kWh/year] [kWh/year] [kWh/year] [kWh/year]
Heating 469094 469094 469094 312012
Ventilation 0 0 0 0
DHW 202639 202639 202639 202639
Pumps 41353 41353 41353 41353
Lighting 84206 84206 84206 35086
Various 56538 56538 56538 56538
Cooling 0 0 0 0
Total 853830 853830 853830 647628
Figure 1. Annual energy consumption calculated by the ENSI Key Numbers Software
Program

Annual Energy Consumption

13
 In the ENSI Key Numbers Software:

Column - “Baseline” presents the required energy consumption for comfortable conditions in
the building under present operating conditions.

Column - “After Measures” presents the reduced energy consumption estimates as a result
of implementing the suggested ENCON measures.

7 Energy Efficiency Potential

The numbers here result from modelling economic calculations made with the Economy
Software Program. The Energy Auditing Team has identified a considerable energy
efficiency improvement potential for this building, which is presented below:
Savings in delivered energy 206202 kWh/year
Net savings 23802 GEL/year
Investments 105336 GEL
Payback 4.4 years

The energy savings potential for the identification of energy efficiency and renovation
measures is summarized in the following table:

EE Potential - Energy Audit

Khashuri Hospital Heated Area: 3845 m²

EE Measures Investment Net Savings Payback NPVQ
[GEL] [kWh/yr] [GEL/yr] [year] *
1. Insulation of walls 35800 80410 8845 4.1 2.51
2. Insulation of ceiling 14036 38846 4273 3.3 3.32
3. Installation of a new lighting 2500 19309 3244 0.8 2.63
system
4. Helios System 53000 67637 7440 7.1 0.99
Profitable EE Measures
1. Insulation of walls 35800 80410 8845 4.1 2.51
2. Insulation of ceiling 14036 38846 4273 3.3 3.32
3. Installation of a new lighting 2500 19309 3244 0.8 2.63
system
4. Helios System 53000 67637 7440 7.1 0.99
Total 105336 206202 23802 4.4
* Based on a 10.47% real interest rate

It is important to pay attention to the first set of measures shown in the upper part of the

14
table and summarized as “EE Measures”. There are some measures that may be
comparatively expensive, but are still justified taking into account the functions that a
hospital performs.
The reduction of CO2 emissions achieved by implementing all measures identified through
the energy audit is estimated as – 51.41 tons/year. These numbers result from the last table
(see the section on environmental benefits). The savings divided by the energy carrier are
multiplied by the CO2 emission coefficients. Then they are summarized and multiplied by the
total building area (3845 m2).
12.8 x 0.399=5.107 (kg/m2a)
40.9 x 0.202= 8.26 (kg/m2a)
5.107 +8.26=13.37 (kg/m2a)
13.37 x 3845=51.41 (t/a)

8 Energy Efficiency Measures

8.1 List of Measures
The following EE and renovation measures are evaluated and described in detail in this
chapter. A list of profitable EE measures is provided in the table below:

Energy Efficiency and Renovation Measures

1. Thermal insulation of walls
2. Thermal insulation of ceiling
3. Installation of fluorescent bulbs
4. Helio-system for heating and hot water supply

8.2 Measures
A description of all measures that have been evaluated is given below.
Measure 1. Thermal Insulation of Walls
Current Situation

The walls of the hospital building are constructed from bricks with a thickness of 0.51 m.

Description of Measure

In order to reduce heat loses it is recommended to insulate the inner surface of the walls with
insulation materials - 0.05m glass wool or basalt fiber and an external surface covered by a protective
material.
Calculation of Savings (by the ENSI® Key Number Software or other tool)

The above measure requires the insulation of 1392 m2 of walls.

- Waterproofing “Primary” paint, an investment of 6 GEL/m2 x1392 = 8352 GEL
- Thermal Insulation, an investment of 2.70 GEL/m2 x 1392 = 3759 GEL
- Plastic net, an investment of 1 GEL/m2 x 1392 = 1392 GEL

15
- Wood material, an investment 1.80 GEL/m2 x 1392 = 2505 GEL
- Plaster, an investment of 6.5 GEL/m2 x 1392 = 9048 GEL
- Worker’s salary, an investment of 7 GEL/m2 x 1392 = 9744 GEL

The total investment constitutes 34,800 GEL.

The amount of saved energy calculated by the software program was defined as 80410 kWh/y. In
monetary terms this will constitute: 80410 x 0.11= 8845 GEL (0.11 GEL is the price of kWH heat
power).
Investment:
Design/Planning 500 GEL
Project Management 500 GEL
Insulation/Installation of the Walls 34800 GEL
Control and Testing GEL
As-built Documentation GEL
Other Expenses GEL
Total Investment 35800 GEL
O&M Expenses Per Year (+/-) 0 GEL/year
Net Savings 8845 GEL/year
Economic Lifetime 20 Years

16
Measure. 2. – Thermal Insulation of Ceiling
Current Situation

A roof with garret is located directly above the heated space. The U-value (average) has been
calculated as 1.2 Wm2/K, based on the results of the site inspection and information about the roof
construction materials.

Description of Measure

After renovation it is planned to cover the roof with a 5 cm filling of basalt or glass wool insulation or
protective wood material. With this measure the U-value reduces to 0.7 Wm2/K

Calculation of Savings (by the ENSI® Key Number Software or other tool)
The above measure calls for the insulation of the ceiling area: 914 m2.
- Gypsum board, an investment of 12 GEL/m2 x 914 = 10968 GEL
- Thermal insulation, an investment of 2.7 GEL/m2x 914 = 2468 GEL
Total Investment Constitutes 13436 GEL
The amount of saved energy calculated by the software program was defined as 38,846 kWh/y. In
monetary terms this will constitute: 38846 x 0.11 = 4273 GEL
Investment:
Design/Planning 300 GEL
Project Management 300 GEL
Insulation of the Roof 13436 GEL

As-built Documentation GEL

Total Investment 14036 GEL

O&M Expenses Per Year (+/-) 0 GEL/year

Net Savings 4273 GEL/year

Economic Lifetime 20 Years

17
Measure. 3. – Installing the New Lighting System
Current Situation
Currently in the hospital lighting system 160 bulbs are used.
Description of Measure

In order to create comfortable conditions, the energy audit team has decided to renovate the lighting
system in the hospital with energy efficient bulbs.

Calculation of Savings (by the ENSI® Key Number Software or other tool)
The baseline energy amount of the lighting system constitutes 84206 kWh/y. It was identified by the
software program that by installing a modern lighting system with compact fluorescent bulbs, the
amount of saved energy will constitute 19309 kWh/y. Calculating this amount of energy by the
electricity tariff, we will get a savings in monetary terms of: 19306 * 0.168 = 3244 GEL.
The investment into replacing the existing lighting system with an efficient one including its installation
constitutes 2000 GEL:
-200 fluorescent bulbs (10 GEL/Piece) – 2000 GEL

Investment:
Design/Planning 200 GEL
Project Management 300 GEL
Installing the Fluorescent Bulbs 2000 GEL
Required Components GEL
Control and Testing GEL
As-built Documentation GEL
Total Investment 2500 GEL

O&M Expenses Per Year (+/-) 0 GEL/year

Net Savings 3244 GEL/year

Economc Lifetime 3 Years

18
Measure. 4. – Helio-system usage in heating and hot water supply
Current Situation
It is planned to install modern hot water supply system working on natural gas with 86% efficiency.
Description of Measure

Besides the above-mentioned measures the energy audit team has decided to substitute the current
system with Helio-systems. The saved thermal energy will constitute 2100 kWh/y.

Calculation of Savings (by the ENSI® Key Number Software or other tool)

The mentioned measure demands the installation of 32 solar vacuum type collectors.
- Vacuum type collector, an investment of 32 x 1400 GEL/piece = 44800
- Pump, an investment of 200 GEL
- Accumulation tank 2000 GEL
- Installation, an investment of 5000 GEL

Total investment constitutes: 52000

The amount of saved energy calculated by the software program was defined as 67,637 kWh/y. In
monetary terms this will constitute: 67637 x 0.11= 7440 GEL

Investment:
Design/Planning 500 GEL
Project Management 500 GEL
Installing the Helios System 52000 GEL
Control and Testing GEL
As-built Documentation GEL
Other Expenses GEL
Total Investment 53000 GEL

O&M Expenses Per Year (+/-) 0 GEL/year

Net Savings 7440 GEL/year

Economc Lifetime 20 years

19
 9 Environmental Benefits
The calculated savings in delivered energy and related reductions in CO2 emissions for the
area – F = 12349 m2 are identified as follows:

Energy Carrier

Electricity
Heating
Central

Other
Gas

Oil
Present Situation – Baseline (kWh/m²a) - 21.9 122.0
After EE and Renovation Measures - 9.1 81.1.
(kWh/m²a)
Savings (kWh/m²a) - 12.8 40.9
Savings (kWh/a) - 49120 157082
CO2 Emission Coefficients (kg/kWh) - 0,3999 0.202
CO2 Emission Reductions (kg/m²a) - 5.107 13.37
CO2 Emission Reductions (t/year) 51.41

The reduction of CO2 emissions achieved by implementing all the energy efficiency
measures identified through the energy audit is estimated as 51.41 tons/year

12.8 x 0.399 =5.107 (kg/m2a)

40.9 x 0.202 = 8.26 (kg/m2a)
5.107 + 8.26 =13.37 (kg/m2a)
13.37 x 3845 = 51.41 (t/a)

20
 Appendix 1

Photos from the Khashuri Hospital

21