Universal 3 Motor Drilling Machine

UNIVERSAL DRILLING MACHINE WITH 3600 ROTATION
ABSTRACT
A drilling machine, called a drill press, is used to cut holes into or through metal, wood, or other
materials. Drilling machines may be used to perform other operations. They can perform counter
sinking, boring, counter boring, spot facing, reaming, and tapping. Creating holes on the objects
or circuit boards is an important stage in electronic production. Holes of different sizes and at a
large number of positions must be drilled with high precision for manual or automatic insertion
of various electronic devices and components. For this purpose, it has designed and built an
automatic drilling machine.
In this project a robotic arm is built with a 360 0 rotating motor at the base and a lead-screw
attached motor for vertical axis up and down movement of arm and finally a drilling motor
attached at the end of arm with drill tool holder. This assembly is operated by two way switches
to give clockwise and anti-clockwise movement of motor so any position in 3D plane is achieved
and we can drill at any point using this assembly. So thus this will be very useful tool for fast and
low space assembly lines, workshops etc.
1
INTRODUCTION
A drilling machine, called a drill press, is used to cut holes into or through metal, wood, or other
materials. Drilling machines may be used to perform other operations. They can perform counter sinking,
boring, counter boring, spot facing, reaming, and tapping. All drilling machines have the following
construction characteristics a spindle, sleeve or quill, column, head, worktable, and base. The spindle
holds the drill or cutting tools and revolves in a fixed position in a sleeve. In most drilling machines, the
spindle is vertical and the work is supported on a horizontal table. The sleeve or quill assembly does not
revolve but can slide in its bearing in a direction parallel to its axis. When the sleeve carrying the spindle
with a drilling tool is lowered, the drilling tool is fed into the work: and when it is moved upward, the
drilling tool is withdrawn from the work. Feed pressure applied to the sleeve by hand or power causes the
revolving drill to cut its way into the work a few thousandths of an inch per revolution. In this research,
this automatic drilling machine is to drill the holes from one location to some other location. So, the
machine is mainly corresponding to the automatic drilling system. Control system of an automatic drilling
machine is commonly used to produce PCB circuit board for industry, and domestic consumption.
In this research control system of an automatic drilling machine actuated with DC motors are designed
and implemented. Current development in industry has been towards computer controlled manufacturing
to increase quality and quantity of products. Manual manufacturing of such items as the circuit board will
have a big faulty case and uneven quality. Then have developed an automatic print circuit board drilling
machine, which is controlled by computer. The main aim of the project lies in interfacing or in simple
words, is to make a mechanical system work, making use of a personal computer of basic con gyration,
this project is carried on keeping in mind the needs of a small scale industry, which need small sized
components in a few number, which by other processes would cost them more. This project makes use of
a printed circuit board that interfaces a drilling machine with a personal computer through a buyer. This
system is mainly aimed at small scale production of printed circuit boards in small scale industries The
system has an advantage of simplicity in operation, moreover the cost of production comes down for a
small scale sector. Though the system involves many small electronic parts it is easy to study the
working, and in operation, as use the simple user-friendly language in programming the software.
The “Universal Drilling Machine” is a very useful tool for drilling in three Dimensions. In
this kit full assembly mount in table or wall. The kit, which can be easily fastened to a work
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bench or table using simple fastening clamp, consists of a radial arm with a 360° turning radius.
It is connected to a vertically moving swivel arm that always maintains perpendicularity to the
reference plane, which is the machine support surface.
Need for this arises to minimize the efforts in drilling process in industries, so that outputs can be
optimized at reduced cost. This will also help in increasing the accuracy and efficiency of
working, which will minimize the rejection loss of the end product. In the following paper we
will propose an efficient robotic drilling process, which will serve the desirable. The aim of our
project is to design and fabricate a robotic operated drilling machine is called universal drilling
machine. It consists of the following main parts.
1. Vertical arm
2. Horizontal arm
3. Drill motor
4. Base motor
5. Motor attached to lead screw
6. Controlling device-switches
7. Base frame and wiring, etc.
3
WORKING PRINCIPLE
SRUCTURE AND DESIGNING OF ROBOTIC DRILL
Description
In this project there are three links which is are driven by motors. One arm which is vertical
which rotate the arm about vertical axis. Second is placed at top of vertical arm has the motion
coupled with lead screw which gives linear motion in up-down direction which can slide on the
vertical arm. Third motor is place at end of horizontal arm which is drilling motor. A drill chuck
is fitted on the third DC motor. In our machine we use lead screw method to give sliding motion
to arms. Arms are made of aluminum while screw and rods which are made by medium carbon
steel.
The first motor which is at the base of vertical arm is used to rotate the whole assembly about the
vertical axis. So we can drill at any point in our plane surface by rotating the drill tool to place it
at estimated position.
The second motor is the motor placed at the top of vertical arm which is coupled with lead-screw
and nut assembly. The lead-screw converts the rotary motion into linear motion and thus by
clockwise and anticlockwise motion of second motor we get the up and down movement of
horizontal arm which contains the drilling motor. Thus by moving the lead-screw we can achieve
the any point drill in vertical plane by moving the drill tool in up-down direction.
This control of clockwise and anti-clockwise motion of these DC motor is achieved by two way
switches where the positive negative polarity of DC motors is changed to achieve the opposite
direction rotation of motor shaft. The power supply to this all unit is given by a common 12 volt
1 ampere lead-acid battery.
4
BLOCK DIAGRAM
FIG. block digram
ADVANTAGES
5
The electrically operated multipurpose device has many advantages. They are as follows:
 Low cost, so it can be used in small scale industries.

 Higher rate and quicker operations
 A number of operations like (drilling), screw driving, reaming etc., can be done.
 The nuts and bolts can be tightened to a particular pressure by operating the gate valve
placed in the control unit and the pressure gauge.
 Both loosening and tightening is possible. Since there is air flow in both directions.
 The weight of the unit is less and can be easily handled.
 Efficient operation. Since if does not require any electricity for running.
DISADVANTAGES
 High torque cannot be obtained

 Load carrying capacity of this unit is not very high
APPLICATION
This machine has a numerous applications in various fields. In industries, this is used in
assembly section. The required pressure is set and the operation is carried out. In automobile
shops various operations are required frequently. Drilling, boring, reaming, grinding etc. It is
also used as a screw driver for tightening and loosening nuts and bolts. It is used.
1. In automobile workshops
2. In small scale industries
3. In such places where frequent changes in operations are required
4. In welding shops for grinding.
5. For performing operations in huge parts which cannot be done in ordinary machines since
it is portable.

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UNIVERSAL DRILLING MACHINE WITH 3600 ROTATION

SRUCTURE AND DESIGNING OF ROBOTIC DRILL

FIG. block digram

 Low cost, so it can be used in small scale industries.

 High torque cannot be obtained

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