Steam Table: Mollier Chart

Steam Table
Mollier chart
Q1 / Calculate the total heat of 5 kg of steam at an absolute pressure of 8 bar having
dryness fraction of 0.8. Also calculate heat in kJ required to convert the steam into
dry and saturated steam.
Solution
From steam tables
At pressure 8 bar, hf = 720.9 kJ/kg
hfg = 2046.5 kJ/kg
hg = 2767.4 kJ/Kg
Sp. enthalpy of wet steam
hw = hf + x.hfg
� �� = 720.9 + 0.8 x 2046.5
�� = 2358.1 kJ/kg
Total heat of 5 kg steam = weight of steam x Sp. Enthalpy = 5x2358.1 = 11790.5
kJ (Ans)
Now total heat of 5kg dry saturated steam = 5x hg = 5x 2767.4 = 13830 kJ
Net heat required to be supplied for conversion of wet steam into dry saturated
steam = 13830 � 11790.5 = 2039.5 Kj
………………………………………………………………………………………
1. The properties of water are arranged in the steam tables as functions of

a) pressure
b) temperature
c) pressure and temperature
d) none of the mentioned
Answer: c
Explanation: The properties of water are arranged in steam tables as functions of
both pressure and temperature.
The First Law of Thermodynamics: Closed Systems
Q2 / Air is contained in a vertical piston‐cylinder assembly fitted with an electrical resistor.
The atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa and piston has a mass of 50 kg and a face area of 0.1
m2. Electric current passes through the resistor, and the volume of air slowly increases
by 0.045 m3. The mass of the air is 0.3 kg and its specific energy increases by 42.2
kJ/kg. Assume the assembly (including the piston) is insulated and neglect the friction
between the cylinder and piston, g = 9.8 m/s2. Determine the heat transfer from the resistor
to air for a system consisting a) the air alone, b) the air and the piston.
THE FIRST LAW APPLIED TO OPEN SYSTEMS
Q3 /Nitrogen at 6 bar and 350 K is supplied to an

insulated, rigid tank of volume 3 m3. The tank initially contains nitrogen
at 1 bar and 300 K. Determine the final temperature of nitrogen in the
tank when its pressure reaches 6 bar. Calculate also the mass of nitrogen
that has entered the tank. Assume that nitrogen behaves as an ideal gas,
and that γ for nitrogen is a constant at 1.4. Molar mass of nitrogen is 28
kg/kmol.
Solution
Figure 9.4 shows the rigid tank which is supplied
with nitrogen at a constant inlet pressure of Pi = 6 bar
and a constant inlet temperature of Ti = 350 K.
The nitrogen in the tank is taken as the open system. Initially, it comprises nitrogen
at Pso = 1 bar and Tso = 300 K, and is supplied with nitrogen until the final pressure
in the tank becomes Psf = 6 bar. The final temperature of nitrogen, that is Tsf , is to
be found. Note that the subscripts so and sf denote the initial and the final states,
respectively, of the nitrogen in the tank. The tank is insulated and therefore no heat
interaction occurs between the system and the surroundings. There is no shaft work.
Since the tank is rigid, there is no boundary work either. The system has only one
inlet which is the nitrogen supply line and no exit. Therefore, (9.9) applied to the
system for the
Ideal Gas Law
Q4 / A 12.0 g sample of gas occupies 19.2 L at STP. What is the molecular weight of this
gas?
Solution:
This problem, as well as the two just above can be solved with PV = nRT. You would solve for n,
the number of moles. Then you would divide the grams given by the mole calculated.
1) Use PV = nRT:
(1.00 atm) (19.2 L) = (n) (0.08206) (273 K)
n = 0.8570518 mol (I'll keep a few guard digits)
2) Determine the molecular weight:
12.0 g / 0.8570518 mol = 14.0 g/mol
3) Since it is at STP, we can also use molar volume:
(19.2 L / 12.0 g) = (22.414 L / x )
19.2x = 268.968
x = 14.0 g/mol
Warning: you can only use molar volume when you are at STP.
Second Law
1. Q5 / Air enters an adiabatic non-ideal nozzle at 9 m/s, 300 K, and 120 kPa and
exits at 100 m/s and 100 kPa. Determine the irreversibility and the reversible
work on a per mass basis.
Solution:
We first solve this as a first law problem
Q /The food compartment of a refrigerator is maintained at 4°C by removing heat
from it at a rate of 360 kJ/min. If the required power input to the refrigerator is
2kW, determine the coefficient of performance of
the refrigerator.
a) 4
b) 3
c) 2
d) 1
Answer: b
Explanation: COP = (360/2)(1/60) = 3.

Steam Table: Mollier Chart

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Steam Table

1. The properties of water are arranged in the steam tables as functions of

Q3 /Nitrogen at 6 bar and 350 K is supplied to an

(1.00 atm) (19.2 L) = (n) (0.08206) (273 K)

n = 0.8570518 mol (I'll keep a few guard digits)

2) Determine the molecular weight:

12.0 g / 0.8570518 mol = 14.0 g/mol

3) Since it is at STP, we can also use molar volume:

(19.2 L / 12.0 g) = (22.414 L / x )

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