Tugas EPC
Tugas EPC
Tugas EPC
S Verb O
both Adverb of manner an Adverb of manner
d
She dance both beautifully and cheerfully
8. Indirect question
Subject Verb Question words subject Be
I remember where his book is
SUFFIXES
Noun Suffixes
-ance
This project has 5 days for the tolerance from deadline.
-ian
I like comedian who play as Elsa.
-ion
Andi has got his promotion being a manager.
-ism
We have to be more careful not to be sidetracked by materialism and the
anxieties of life.
-ist
Ani is a guitarist on her band.
-ity
Besti bag have a good quality.
-sis
Doctor has a diagnosis of Budi's illness.
-ure
He tried to play a video game but it ended in failure.
Adjective Suffiex
-ible
That's really incredible to pass up.
-al, -ical
She has a practical on Monday.
-an, -ian
Shelvi become a vegetarian from now.
-ic
The scene is so dramatic.
-ile
The package has a fragile sticker on it.
-ish
You are too childish to understand the problem.
-ive
Tom has been quite cooperative.
-ous
It was a glorious experience.
Verb Suffiex
-ate
Should conditions in Europe deteriorate sharply, the risks are high that
developing economies might be affected.
-ify, -fy
It is difficult to specify how many snow leopards are left.
-ize
If you want to colonize new territory, to best thing that you can do is to be
inspired by plants that are masters in doing this.
Practice Question
Directions: Choose the best answer to each question using your knowledge of prefixes and
suffixes. Circle your choices or write your answers on a separate piece of paper. Then compare
your selections to the correct answers at the end of the chapter.
1. Antecedent means
a. fighting against.
b. looking after.
c. coming before.
d. under the authority of.
2. Multifaceted means
a. two-faced.
b. many sided.
c. uniform.
d. cut into parts.
3. Circumspect means
a. relating to the circus.
b. to examine thoroughly.
c. put forth in writing.
d. looking around carefully.
4. Consensus means
a. general agreement by a group.
b. an individual opinion.
c. a counting of individuals.
d. to issue a warning.
5. Supercilious means
a. less than the norm, disappointing.
b. exactly as expected.
c. speaking in a measured, exact tone.
d. haughty, with an air of superiority.
6. To presage means
a. to warn in advance.
b. to send a message.
c. to pressure.
d. to age gracefully.
7. Dubious means
a. one who doubts, a nonbeliever.
b. to doubt or question.
c. doubtful, questionable.
d. to be uncertain.
8. Agrarian means
a. incapable of making a decision.
b. to cultivate.
c. to be out of date.
d. relating to land or land ownership.
9. Parity means
a. to make equal in status, amount, or degree.
b. the state of being equal in status, amount, or degree.
c. one who is equal in status, amount, or degree.
d. the act of making someone or something equal in status, amount, or degree
10. Galvanize means
a. to be active or aware.
b. the state of becoming active or aware.
c. one who becomes active or aware.
d. to cause to become active or aware.
11. Nonchalant means
a. challenging.
b. done with the intent of harming another.
c. not showing anxiety or excitement; indifferent.
d. reversing a previous opinion or decision.
PASSIVE PATTERNING
ACTIVE PASSIVE
Tenses S V O S Be + V3 O
Present simple Diana Calls Zia Zia Is Called By Diana
Present Continuous Diana Is Calling Zia Zia Is being Called By Diana
Present Perfect Diana Has Called Zia Zia Has been Called By Diana
Past simple Diana Called Zia Zia Was Called By Diana
Past con Diana Was Calling Zia Zia Was being Called By Diana
Past perfect Diana Had Called Zia Zia Had been Called By Diana
Future simple Diana Will Call Zia Zia Will be Called By Diana
Future con Diana Will be Calling Zia Zia Will be being Called By Diana
Future perfect Diana Will have Called Zia Zia Will have been Called By Diana
Be going to Diana Is going to Call Zia Zia Is going to be Called By Diana
1 Word Order
subject be Participle V3
My ba is Made rattan
My Mother is cleaned The yard
2. Passive agent
Subject be Participle V3 by agent
His money was Stolen by Someone
The pattot is fed by her
3. passive infinitive
S (Be) To be participle future
present
she Is hoping to be elected president
Double comparative
= The more + Subject + Verb + The + Comparative + Subject + Verb
The more you work the better you get
Pseudo comparatives
= Subject + Verb + Object + As soon as + Subject + V present
They will go holiday as soon as they farewell
CAUSATIVE
MAKE
= S + Make + Someone + Verb word / V1 + Complement
Nurse make patient take a receipt
GET
= S + Get + Someone (live) + Invinitive
Lets get her to write a diary
HAVE
= Subject + Have + Something (animated) + Verb word
I like the way you had a musician do your sing
Let
= S + Let + Someone (animated) + Verb word
Would you let us gave his blue book?
Help
= S + Help + Someone + Verb1 / Infinitive
They help me to find a taxi
Oh you were here it will take about scientific research in the continent of antartica. First you
have sometimes to look at questions.
Thirty one,now listen carefully and answer rhe questions thirty one to forty one. Can im going to
talk to you about that remarkable basis really explores it was the ultimate survival contest
researches light weight remind the place of great intellectual challenge what were the modelling
rourist its simply a wilderness of great beauty heard some facts and figures continent and over
fifty eight times the size of the UK big cab contains almost seventy percent of the world's fresh
water and ninety percent of the price but will the reload of desert huge iceberg break off he or
winter have the surrounding the ocean freete over which means its size almosg doubles research
explorations has been going on in antartica for more than two hundred years and as insolvet from
many different countries who worked together on research stations here science and technical
support have been integrated very cost effective way antartica research program has somewhere
tell me who worked together on research stations are really self contained community. Its about
twenty people there are living and working space i can turn the food store hospital and a well
equipped gum to ensure everyone keeps getting their space time station generate a rotal
electricity and communicate with the outside world using a satelite.
Listening 1
Talk 2
Question 5-8
Listen to a talk in a lectures sarles. This is the 4 lecture in a serious of personal healthcare
lectures presented by student help Services. I am doctor halla dermotologiest and to night I will
be Speaking about the effect of stress on a skin
The relationship between skin problems and stress Is rather Complicated. Skin problem
often Company stress but it is not Stressed self that the rackly causes the skin problem. Instead it
is the side effect of Stress. So justly you use an alcohol to back go and Coffeine that are Often to
blame.
Alcohol Consume the large quantity can cause problem with the skin by Increasing the
flow of blood to the skin. This make the Skin feel wormer and can really and caffeine only other
hand cause problem by read use thing supply of blood to the skin. This in turn keep the skin from
being property nourrshed. A best defense for your skin in time of stress in there fore to take the
best of possible care of your self. If when you are in period you having stress you consume large
quantity an alcohol of coffee of if you smoke geavily is this your skin that wil show the results
Thank You very much for your attention and I hope that you will return week for the next lecture
in the Serious.
Passage 1
Bacteria are extremely small living things. While we measure our own sizes in inches or
centimeters, bacterial size is measured in microns. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter a
pinhead is about a millimeter across. Rod shaped bacteria are usually from two to tour microns
long, while rounded ones are generally one micron in diameter Thus if you enlarged a founded
bacterium a thousand times, it would be just about the size of a pinhead. An adult human
magnified by the same amount would be over a mile(1.6 kilometers) tall.
Even with an ordinary microscope, you must look closely to see bacteria. Using a
magnification of 100 times, one finds that bacteria are barely visible as tiny rods or dots One
cannot make out anything of their structure. Using special stains, one can see that some bacteria
have attached to them wavy - looking "hairs" called flagella. Others have only one flagellum.
The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria though the water. Many bacteria lack flagella and cannot
move about by their own power while others can glide along over surfaces by some little
understood mechanism.
From the bacterial point of view, the world is a very different place from what it is to
humans To a bacterium water is as thick as molasses is to us. Bacteria are so small that they are
influenced by the movements of the chemical molecules around them. Bacteria under the
microscope, even those with no flagella, often bounce about in the water. This is because they
collide with the water molecules and are pushed this way and that. Molecules move so rapidly
that within a tenth of a second the molecules around a bacterium have all been replaced by new
ones even bacteria without flagella are thus constantly exposed to a changing environment.
4. According to the passage, someone who examines bacteria using only a microscope that
magnifies 100 times would see
(A) tiny dots (B) small "hairs"
(C) large rods (D) detailed structures
5. The relationship between a bacterium and its flagella is most nearly analogous to which of the
following?
(A) A rider jumping on a horse's back (B) A ball being hit by a bat
(C) A boat powered by a motor (D) A door closed by a gust of wind
6. In line 16, the author compares water to molasses, in order to introduce which of the following
topics?
(A) The bacterial content of different liquids
(B) What happens when bacteria are added to molasses
(C) The molecular structures of different chemicals
(D) How difficult it is for bacteria to move through water
Passage 2
One of the most popular literary figures in American literature is a woman who spent
almost half of her long life in China, a country on a continent thousands of miles from the United
States. In her lifetime she earned this country's most highly acclaimed literary award: the Pulitzer
Prize, and also the most prestigious form of literary recognition in the world, the Nobel Prize for
Literature. Pearl S. Buck was almost a household word throughout much of her lifetime because
of her prolific literary output, which consisted of some eighty - five published works, including
several dozen novels, six collections of short stories, fourteen books for children, and more than
a dozen works of nonfiction. When she was eighty years old, some twenty - five volumes were
awaiting publication. Many of those books were set in China, the land in which she spent so
much of her life. Her books and her life served as a bridge between the cultures of the East and
the West. As the product of those two cultures she became as the described herself, "mentally
bifocal." Her unique background made her into an unusually interesting and versatile human
being. As we examine the life of Pearl Buck, we cannot help but be aware that we are in fact
meeting three separate people: a wife and mother, an internationally famous writer and a
humanitarian and philanthropist. One cannot really get to know Pearl Buck without learning
about each of the three. Though honored in her lifetime with the William Dean Howell Medal of
the American Academy of Arts and Letters in addition to the Nobel and Pulitzer prizes. Pearl
Buck as a total human being, not only a famous author. is a captivating subject of study.
2. According to the passage, Pearl Buck is known as a writer of all of the following EXCEPT
(A) novels (B) children's books (C) poetry (D) short stories
3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as an award received by Pearl Buck?
(A) The Nobel Prize (B) The Newberry Medal
(C) The William Dean Howell medal (D) The Pulitzer prize
4. According to the passage, Pearl Buck was an unusual figure in American literature in that she
(A) wrote extensively about a very different culture
(B) published half of her books abroad
(C) won more awards than any other woman of her time
(D) achieved her first success very late in life
5. According to the passage, Pearl Buck described herself as "mentally bifocal" to suggest that
she was
(A) capable of resolving the differences between two distinct linguistic systems
(B) keenly aware of how the past could influence the future
(C) capable of producing literary works of interest to both adults and children
(D) equally familiar with two different cultural environments
When we accept the evidence of our unaided eyes and describe the Sun as a yellow star,
we have summed up the most important single fact about it-at this moment in time.
It appears probable, however, that sunlight will be the color we know for only a negligibly
small part of the Sun's history. Stars, like individuals, age and change. As we look out into space,
We see around us stars at all stages of evolution. There are faint blood-red dwarfs so cool that
their surface temperature is a mere 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit, there are searing ghosts blazing at
100, 000 degrees Fahrenheit and almost too hot to be seen, for the great part of their radiation is
in the invisible ultraviolet range. Obviously, the "daylight" produced by any star depends on its
temperature; today(and for ages to come) our Sun is at about 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit, and this
means that most of the Sun's light is concentrated in the yellow band of the spectrum, falling
slowly in intensity toward both the longer and shorter light waves.
That yellow "hump" will shift as the Sun evolves, and the light of day will change accordingly. It
is natural to assume that as the Sun grows older, and uses up its hydrogen fuel-which it is now
doing at the spanking rate of half a billion tons a second- it will become steadily colder and
redder.
2. What does the author say is especially important about the Sun at the present time?
(A) It appears yellow (B) It always remains the same
(C) It has a short history (D) It is too cold
4. According to the passage as the Sun continues to age, it is likely to become what color?
(A) Yellow (B) Violet (C) Red (D) White
If by "suburb" is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already
developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial
city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small
highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse
and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830's and 1840's were located along waterways and
near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn
by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill
towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this
encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In
1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar
municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York Indeed, most great cities of the
United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.
With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying
social stress conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first
commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse -
drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every
major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial
city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass - scale suburbanization was reinforced
by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle class whose desires for homeownership In
neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family
housing tracts.
2. The author mentions that areas bordering the cities have grown during periods of
(A) industrialization (B) inflation
(C) revitalization (D) unionization
4. Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor in nineteenth-century
suburbanization?
(A) Cheaper housing (B) Urban crowding
(C) The advent of an urban middle class (D) The invention of the electric streetcar
5. It can be inferred from the passage that after 1890 most people traveled around cities by
(A) automobile (B) cart
(C) horse-draw trolley (D) electric streetcar
6. Where in the passage does the author describe the cities as they were prior to suburbanization.
(A) Lines 3-5 (B) Lines 5-9
(C) Lines 12- 13 (D) Lines 15-18
Passage 5
The first English attempts to colonize North America were controlled by individuals rather
than companies. Sir Humphrey Gilbert was the first Englishman to send colonists to the New
World. His initial expedition, which sailed in 1578 with a patent granted by Queen Elizabeth was
defeated by the Spanish. A second attempt ended in disaster in 1583, when Gilbert and his
ship were lost in a storm. In the following year, Gilbert's half brother, Sir Water Raleigh, having
obtained a renewal of the patent, sponsored an expedition that explored the coast of the region
that he named "Virginia." Under Raleigh's direction efforts were then made to establish a colony
on Roanoke island in 1585 an6 1587. The survivors of the first settlement on Roanoke returned
to England in 1586, but the second group of colonists disappeared without leaving a trace. The
failure of the Gilbert and Raleigh ventures made it clear that the tasks they had undertaken were
too big for any one colonizer. Within a short time the trading company had supplanted the
individual promoter of colonization.
1. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?
(A) The Regulation of Trading Companies
(B) British - Spanish Rivalry in the New World
(C) Early Attempts at Colonizing North America
(D) Royal Patents Issued in the 16th Century
2. The passage states which of the following about the first English people to be involved in
establishing colonies in North America?
(A) They were requested to do so by Queen Elizabeth.
(B) They were members of large trading companies.
(C) They were immediately successful.
(D) They were acting on their own.
3. According to the passage, which of the following statements about Sir Humphrey Gilbert is
true?
(A) He never settled in North America.
(B) His trading company was given a patent by the queen.
(C) He fought the Spanish twice.
(D) He died in 1587.
4. When did Sir Walter Raleigh's initial expedition set out for North America?
(A) 1577 (B) 1579 (C) 1582 (D) 1584
5. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about members of the first Roanoke
settlement?
(A) They explored the entire coastal region. (B) Some did not survive.
(C) They named the area "Virginia". (D) Most were not experienced sailors.
6. According to the passage, the first English settlement on Roanoke Island was established in
(A) 1578 (B) 1583 (C) 1585 (D) 1587
7. According to the passage, which of; the following statements about the second settlement on
Roanoke Island is true?
(A) Its settlers all gave up and returned to England.
(B) It lasted for several years.
(C) The fate of its inhabitants is unknown.
(D) It was conquered by the Spanish.
single the main verb , ex : the handsome boy in our class has long black hair
verb that require an infinitive in the complement , ex : he agree to speak english every
day
verb + gerund , ex : he has stopped drinking alcohol
verb phrase + gerund , ex : she cannot help falling in love with him
modal + verb words , ex : she must do it now
logical conclusion – event in the past , ex : my mom must have called me yesterday
logical conclusion – event in the present , ex : we must be crazy today
logical conclusion – event that repeat , ex : she must call me often
knowledge and ability – know and know how , ex : they know the answer
know how express the ability , ex : i know how to solve the problem
past custom – used to , ex : we used to live in labuan bajo island last year
past custom – be used to (be accustumed to) in the past time , ex : he was used to
drinking juice
advisability – had better , ex : she had better speak to me early
preference – would rather , ex : they would rather study mathematics this semester
preference – for another – would rather taht , ex : they would rather that you drove a car