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    Outlook: The Gut Microbiome

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    Outlook: The Gut Microbiome

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    Outlook: The Gut Microbiome

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    outlook

    The gut microbiome


    For more on the
    microbiome visit
    nature.com/
    collections/gut-
    microbiome-outlook

    W
    Editorial e are not alone in our bodies. Living inside every person are Contents
    Herb Brody, Richard Hodson, trillions of microorganisms — bacteria, viruses, fungi and
    Jenny Rooke S6 ECOSYSTEMS
    other life forms that are collectively known as the microbi-
    The hunt for a healthy
    Art & Design ome. Various organs have distinct microbial inhabitants,
    microbiome
    Mohamed Ashour, Ffion Cleverley but the group that has attracted the most attention in bio- Understanding the ecosystem
    medical research is the one in the gut.
    Production
    To better grasp the part that gut microbes play in health and disease, S9 Q&A
    Nick Bruni, Karl Smart, Ian Pope,
    Homing in on the molecules
    Kay Lewis researchers from around the globe are investigating what makes a ‘good’
    from microbes
    gut microbiome (see page S6). There are, after all, hundreds of distinct Michael Fischbach studies
    Sponsorship
    bacterial species in the gut — some pathogenic and some beneficial. short-chain fatty acids
    Stephen Brown, Nada Nabil,
    Claudia Danci Computational biologist Eran Segal argues that collecting microbiome
    S10 DRUGS
    data would allow a ‘deep phenotyping’ approach that could transform
    Marketing Gut reaction
    drug discovery (S19). And the study of some health-promoting probi- The link with pharmaceuticals
    Nicole Jackson
    otic species is yielding biological insights that might promote drug
    Project Manager development (S9). S12 AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE
    Rebecca Jones When immunity goes wrong
    Several diseases are now thought to be influenced by processes in the
    The microbiome and disease
    Creative Director
    gut microbiome. Those include cancer (S16), autoimmune disorders
    Wojtek Urbanek such as multiple sclerosis (S12) and autism spectrum disorder (S14). The S14 DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
    gut microbiome also strongly interacts with certain drugs, including Autism and the gut
    Publisher Could there be a link?
    some mental-health therapeutics, and influences their effects (S10).
    Richard Hughes
    With evidence mounting of the gut microbiome’s health significance, S16 CANCER
    VP, Editorial synthetic biologists are looking to engineer the microbiome — both Fighting cancer with microbes
    Stephen Pincock at the individual-species level and as an ecosystem — to thwart the Boosting response to therapies

    Managing Editor
    development of disease (S20). There is also growing public interest in S19 PERSPECTIVE
    David Payne how the gut microbiome can be influenced — often focused on personal Another dimension for
    dietary choices. Microbiologist Peter Turnbaugh reframes this as a drug discovery
    Magazine Editor question not of which foods will benefit our health, but rather what Microbiota data could transform
    Helen Pearson therapy, says Eran Segal
    medical insights might be gleaned from the interactions between our
    Editor-in-Chief gut microbes and what we eat (S23). S20 SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
    Magdalena Skipper Much more research is under way on the gut microbiome than can Engineering the microbiome
    be covered in this Outlook, but this supplement gives a taste of the Modifying microbes for therapy
    breadth of this robust field (S24). S23 PERSPECTIVE
    We are pleased to acknowledge the financial support of Use diet as a tool,
    Danone Nutricia Research in producing this Outlook. As always, Nature not a treatment
    retains sole responsibility for all editorial content. Scientists can’t tell you what to
    eat, says Peter J. Turnbaugh

    Herb Brody S24 CLINICAL TRIALS


    Chief supplements editor Research round-up
    Study highlights

    About Nature Outlooks available free online at go.nature.


    Nature Outlooks are supplements com/outlook
    to Nature supported by external
    funding. They aim to stimulate How to cite our supplements
    interest and debate around a subject Articles should be cited as part of a
    of particularly strong current supplement to Nature. For example:
    interest to the scientific community, Nature Vol. XXX, No. XXXX Suppl.,
    in a form that is also accessible to Sxx–Sxx (2020).
    policymakers and the broader public. Contact us
    Nature has sole responsibility for feedback@nature.com
    all editorial content — sponsoring For information about supporting a
    organizations are consulted on the future Nature Outlook supplement,
    On the cover topic of the supplement, but have visit go.nature.com/partner
    Scientists study the microbiome no influence on reporting thereafter
    to work out its role in health and (see go.nature.com/2NqAZ1d). All Copyright © 2020 Springer Nature
    disease. Credit: Antoine Doré Nature Outlook supplements are Ltd. All rights reserved.

    Nature | Vol 577 | 30 January 2020 | S5


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