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CH 9 Practice Solutions

This document provides solutions to practice problems from Chapter 9 of a statistics textbook. It addresses questions about parameters, statistics, confidence intervals, paired vs. independent samples, properties of sampling distributions, and determining if a sample result is consistent with the population value. The problems cover topics like estimating population proportions, confidence intervals, differences between groups, standard deviations of sample proportions, and determining if samples support inferences about populations.

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Karthik Mohan K
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59 views3 pages

CH 9 Practice Solutions

This document provides solutions to practice problems from Chapter 9 of a statistics textbook. It addresses questions about parameters, statistics, confidence intervals, paired vs. independent samples, properties of sampling distributions, and determining if a sample result is consistent with the population value. The problems cover topics like estimating population proportions, confidence intervals, differences between groups, standard deviations of sample proportions, and determining if samples support inferences about populations.

Uploaded by

Karthik Mohan K
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOLUTIONS TO STATISTICS 8 PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 9

Chapter 9: #2, 5, 9, 10, 13, 18, 24ab, 31, 36, 45, 48a, 85cd, 123, 124

9.2 The parameter of interest is the proportion that thinks crime is a serious problem in the population of
all adult Americans. The statistic will be the proportion of the 1000 adults in the sample who think
crime is a serious problem. The statistic will estimate the unknown value of the parameter.

9.5 a. The parameter of interest is the proportion of the population that has as least one copy of the E4
allele for Apo E.
b. A confidence interval would make more sense. There is no obvious null value because there is no
“chance” value of interest to test.
c. The scientists could not possibly have measured everyone in the population. They are relying on a
sample to estimate the percentage of the population that has the allele.

9.9 a. p̂ because this is a sample proportion.


b. p because this is a population proportion.
c. p̂ because this is a sample proportion.

9.10 a. x because it is a sample mean.


b. µ because it is the mean for the whole population.

9.13 This is an example of Situation 2 on page 337 of the text.


a. How much difference is there between the proportions with high blood pressure for women who
use oral contraceptives versus women who do not?
b. Parameter = p1 − p 2 , where p1 = population proportion with high blood pressure for women who
use oral contraceptives and p 2 = population proportion with high blood pressure for women who do
not use oral contraceptives.
c. pˆ 1 − pˆ 2 = .15 − .10 = .05.

9.18 a. Paired data. A married couple is a husband-wife pair.


b. Independent samples. Teachers and plumbers are two separate, independent groups.
c. Independent samples. High school and college graduates are separate, independent groups.

9.24 a. The mean of the sampling distribution of p̂ is p.


b. One value from the sampling distribution of p̂ is one sample proportion, denoted by p̂ .

.5(1 − .5)
9.31 a. Mean = p = .5; s.d. = = .025
400
.5(1 − .5)
b. Mean = p = .5; s.d. = = .0125
1600
.8(1 − .8)
c. Mean = p = .8; s.d. ( p̂ ) = = .05
64
.8(1 − .8)
d. Mean = p = .8; s.d. ( p̂ ) = = .025
256
9.36 a. Mean = p = .2
.2(1 − .2)
b. s.d. ( p̂ ) = = .05 .
64
c. .15 and .25, calculated as .2 ±.05.
d. .10 and .30, calculated as .2 ± (2×.05).

9.45 The mean is p1 − p2 which is 0 if the two proportions are equal.

9.48 a. First, from Exercises 9.46a and 9.47a we find:


The mean is p1 − p2 = .30 − .36 = −0.06.
p1 (1 − p1 ) p2 (1 − p2 ) .3(.7) .36(.64)
The standard deviation is + = + = .0297
n1 n2 500 500
So the picture is as follows:

-.15 -.12 -.09 -.06 -.03 0 .03


Difference in sample proportions

.78 − .80 −.02


9.85 c. z = = = −1 .
.80(1 − .80) .02
400
.82 − .80 .02
d. z = = =1
.80(1 − .80) .02
400
9.123 The distribution of possible sample proportions is approximately a normal curve.
p(1 − p ) .12(1 − .12)
The mean = .12 and the standard deviation is s.d .( pˆ ) = = = .023
n 200
9.124 a. The actual population is American adults and a fixed proportion of those adults fell asleep at the
wheel in the last year.
p (1 − p ) .4(1 − .4)
b. If p = .4, the mean is .4 and s.d .( pˆ ) = = = .0153 So, by the Empirical Rule, about
n 1027
95% of all sample proportions should fall between .4 ± (2)(.0153) = .3694 to .4306. Yes, the result of
this survey falls into that interval.
c. Yes, it would be reasonable to conclude that the population proportion of college students who
have this problem differs from the proportion of adults who have the problem. If the population
proportion for college students were .4, the same as for all adults, who have this problem, it would be
nearly impossible for the sample proportion to be as low as .25 (25%). With the mean and standard
.25 − .40
deviation found in part (b), a z-score for .25 is z = = −9.8 . In a standard normal curve, this is
.0153
virtually impossible.

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