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    Single Slit Lab

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    Bejoy Sen
    1. The document describes an experiment using single and double slit diffraction gratings to observe light interference patterns. Measurements were taken of the distances between the minima in the patterns and the center point. 2. Calculations were done to determine the wavelengths of light based on the single and double slit diffraction equations. For the single slit, the wavelength was found to be 814.23 +/- 252.45 nm, encompassing the near infrared to green wavelengths. For the double slit, the wavelength was 609.82 +/- 116.79 nm, encompassing the blue to red wavelengths. 3. The large uncertainties were attributed to variations in the individual data points used. Improving the experiment by marking the first min

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Single Slit Lab

    Uploaded by

    Bejoy Sen
    85 views7 pages
    1. The document describes an experiment using single and double slit diffraction gratings to observe light interference patterns. Measurements were taken of the distances between the minima in the patterns and the center point. 2. Calculations were done to determine the wavelengths of light based on the single and double slit diffraction equations. For the single slit, the wavelength was found to be 814.23 +/- 252.45 nm, encompassing the near infrared to green wavelengths. For the double slit, the wavelength was 609.82 +/- 116.79 nm, encompassing the blue to red wavelengths. 3. The large uncertainties were attributed to variations in the individual data points used. Improving the experiment by marking the first min

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    1. The document describes an experiment using single and double slit diffraction gratings to observe light interference patterns. Measurements were taken of the distances between the minima in the patterns and the center point. 2. Calculations were done to determine the wavelengths of light based on the single and double slit diffraction equations. For the single slit, the wavelength was found to be 814.23 +/- 252.45 nm, encompassing the near infrared to green wavelengths. For the double slit, the wavelength was 609.82 +/- 116.79 nm, encompassing the blue to red wavelengths. 3. The large uncertainties were attributed to variations in the individual data points used. Improving the experiment by marking the first min

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    85 views7 pages

    Single Slit Lab

    Uploaded by

    Bejoy Sen
    1. The document describes an experiment using single and double slit diffraction gratings to observe light interference patterns. Measurements were taken of the distances between the minima in the patterns and the center point. 2. Calculations were done to determine the wavelengths of light based on the single and double slit diffraction equations. For the single slit, the wavelength was found to be 814.23 +/- 252.45 nm, encompassing the near infrared to green wavelengths. For the double slit, the wavelength was 609.82 +/- 116.79 nm, encompassing the blue to red wavelengths. 3. The large uncertainties were attributed to variations in the individual data points used. Improving the experiment by marking the first min

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Bejoy Sen P1

    Single Slit and Double Slit Lab Reports


    Introduction
    1. Point a green laser (monochromatic) at a white paper several meters away.
    2. Mark the point where the laser hits the paper as the “center.”
    3. Place a single slit interference diffraction grating between the laser and the paper.
    Measure the distance between the grating and the paper.
    4. The light through the grating should form an interference pattern along a line. Mark the
    paper along the line where the pattern is darkest (excluding where it fades out.)
    5. Remove the paper and measure the distance from each area of minimum light to the
    center.
    6. Repeat process with a double slit grating.

    Patterns with minima marked:


    Measurements
    Slit width a = 0.008786 cm (+/- 1%), slit spacing d = 0.008786 cm (+/- 1%), distance from wall
    D = 212.5 +/- 2.5 cm
    Single Slit
    m y (cm)
    -1 -3.7
    -2 -5.1
    -3 -6.5
    -4 -7.8
    -5 -9.1
    -6 -10.3
    1 2.5
    2 3.8
    3 5
    4 6.3
    5 7.8
    6 9.1
    7 10.5
    8 11.7
    Double Slit
    m m+1/2 y (cm)
    -1 -0.5 -0.7
    -2 -1.5 -1.4
    -3 -2.5 -2
    -4 -3.5 -2.6
    -5 -4.5 -3.4
    -6 -5.5 -4
    -7 -6.5 -4.6
    -8 -7.5 -5.3
    -9 -8.5 -5.9
    -10 -9.5 -6.5
    -11 -10.5 -7.2
    -12 -11.5 -7.8
    -13 -12.5 -8.4
    -14 -13.5 -9.2
    -15 -14.5 -9.8
    -16 -15.5 -10.4
    -17 -16.5 -11.1
    -18 -17.5 -11.8
    -19 -18.5 -12.5
    0 0.5 0.6
    1 1.5 1.2
    2 2.5 1.8
    3 3.5 2.6
    4 4.5 3.3
    5 5.5 3.8
    6 6.5 4.6
    7 7.5 5.2
    8 8.5 5.8
    9 9.5 6.4
    10 10.5 7.1
    11 11.5 7.6
    12 12.5 8.4
    13 13.5 9.6
    14 14.5 10.3
    15 15.5 11
    16 16.5 11.6
    17 17.5 12.3
    18 18.5 12.9
    19 19.5 13.6
    20 20.5 14.2

    These values for y have an uncertainty of +/- 0.1 cm (precision on ruler.)

    Error Analysis
    δ(D) δ(y)
    δ (D 2 + y 2 ) = 2D 2 D
    + 2y 2 y
    2 2
    R δ(D +y )
    δ (R) = 2 * D 2 +y 2

    Single slit

    √(
    ay
    δ (λ) = δ ( mR )=λ δa 2
    a
    ) + ( δy
    y
    ) 2 + ( δR
    R
    )2

    m R ay/(mR) Wavelength (nm) p_lambda


    -1 212.53 0.00015297 1529.65 47.61
    -2 212.56 0.00010541 1054.08 26.30
    -3 212.60 0.00008955 895.46 19.51
    -4 212.64 0.00008057 805.75 16.16
    -5 212.69 0.00007518 751.85 14.23
    -6 212.75 0.00007090 708.98 12.91
    1 212.51 0.00010336 1033.63 44.32
    2 212.53 0.00007855 785.49 23.97
    3 212.56 0.00006889 688.95 17.41
    4 212.59 0.00006509 650.95 14.42
    5 212.64 0.00006446 644.60 12.94
    6 212.69 0.00006265 626.54 11.87
    7 212.76 0.00006195 619.47 11.24
    8 212.82 0.00006038 603.80 10.65
    λ = 814.23 +/- 252.45 nm
    Double slit

    √(
    (a+d)y
    δ (λ) = δ ( (m+1/2)R )=λ δa+δd 2
    a+d
    ) + ( δy
    y
    ) 2 + ( δR
    R
    )2

    m R (a+d)y/((m+1/2)R) Wavelength (nm) p_lambda


    -1 212.50 0.00011577 1157.74 166.36
    -2 212.50 0.00007718 771.82 56.40
    -3 212.51 0.00006615 661.54 34.62
    -4 212.52 0.00006143 614.27 25.46
    -5 212.53 0.00006247 624.74 20.75
    -6 212.54 0.00006013 601.32 17.67
    -7 212.55 0.00005851 585.10 15.60
    -8 212.57 0.00005842 584.21 14.24
    -9 212.58 0.00005738 573.79 13.15
    -10 212.60 0.00005656 565.55 12.32
    -11 212.62 0.00005667 566.74 11.76
    -12 212.64 0.00005605 560.52 11.24
    -13 212.67 0.00005553 555.29 10.81
    -14 212.70 0.00005630 563.03 10.62
    -15 212.73 0.00005583 558.32 10.32
    -16 212.75 0.00005542 554.20 10.06
    -17 212.79 0.00005556 555.56 9.91
    -18 212.83 0.00005568 556.75 9.78
    -19 212.87 0.00005578 557.80 9.67
    0 212.50 0.00009924 992.35 166.10
    1 212.50 0.00006616 661.56 56.07
    2 212.51 0.00005954 595.39 34.33
    3 212.52 0.00006143 614.27 25.46
    4 212.53 0.00006064 606.37 20.62
    5 212.53 0.00005713 571.27 17.43
    6 212.55 0.00005851 585.10 15.60
    7 212.56 0.00005732 573.19 14.14
    8 212.58 0.00005641 564.07 13.06
    9 212.60 0.00005569 556.86 12.23
    10 212.62 0.00005589 558.87 11.68
    11 212.64 0.00005462 546.17 11.08
    12 212.67 0.00005553 555.29 10.83
    13 212.72 0.00005875 587.46 10.94
    14 212.75 0.00005867 586.74 10.70
    15 212.78 0.00005861 586.09 10.50
    16 212.82 0.00005805 580.52 10.26
    17 212.86 0.00005803 580.27 10.12
    18 212.89 0.00005756 575.58 9.94
    19 212.93 0.00005756 575.58 9.84
    20 212.97 0.00005715 571.55 9.69
    λ = 609.82 +/- 116.79 nm

    For both single slit and double slit, the error ranges for each individual measurement often do not
    include any wavelengths for green light. However, both ranges calculated from the average +/-
    standard deviation encompass green light wavelengths.
    Conclusion
    Given that all calculated wavelengths correspond to either visible or near-infrared
    radiation, our experiment likely matches the theory discussion. For the single slit pattern, we
    obtained 814.23 +/- 252.45 nm, anywhere from near-infrared to green. For the double slit
    pattern, we obtained 609.82 +/- 116.79 nm, anywhere from blue to red. Though both these ranges
    include green wavelengths, they are very imprecise, caused by the wild variation in estimates
    calculated from each individual data point. Because our values for index m are small integers
    that whose accuracy depends on whether we found every minimum, we did not estimate an error
    for them. It is clear from the graph, however, that some indices are missing, such as the first
    minima in either direction from the center in both single slit and double slit. Had we incremented
    m by one to account for this discrepancy, the average wavelength would be more accurate. In
    future attempts, we would mark the first minima (which are never completely dark) and fasten
    the laser more securely so we could make more precise measurements. We could also use photos
    of our single slit and double slit patterns as cross-reference for areas of destructive interference.

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