A 481 - 94 R00 QTQ4MQ

Designation: A 481 – 94 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Specification for

Chromium Metal1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 481; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. This specification replaces Federal Specification
QQ-F-145.
1. Scope TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsA
1.1 This specification covers two grades of chromium metal Composition, %

designated as A and B. Element
Grade A Grade B
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Chromium, min 99.0 99.4
as the standard. Carbon, max 0.050 0.050
Silicon, max 0.15 0.10
2. Referenced Documents Sulfur, max 0.030 0.010
Phosphorus, max 0.010 0.010
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A
For purposes of determining conformance with this specification, the reported
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur- analysis shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the right-hand place of figures used
poses2 in expressing the limiting value, in accordance with the rounding method of
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Practice E 29.
Determine Conformance with Specifications2
E 31 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Ferroalloys3
E 32 Practices for Sampling Ferroalloys and Steel Additives 4.2 The manufacturer shall furnish an analysis of each
for Determination of Chemical Composition3 shipment showing the elements specified in Table 1.
E 363 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Chromium and
Ferrochromium4
TABLE 2 Supplementary Chemical RequirementsA
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include Composition, %
Element
the following information: Grade A Grade B
3.1.1 Quantity, Nitrogen, max 0.050 0.020
3.1.2 Name of material, Iron, max 0.35 0.35
Manganese, max 0.01 0.01
3.1.3 ASTM designation and year of issue, Hydrogen, max 0.01 0.003
3.1.4 Size, and Oxygen, max 0.50 0.10
3.1.5 Requirements for packaging, analysis reports, etc., as Vanadium, max 0.050 0.050
Copper, max 0.01 0.01
appropriate. Molybdenum, max 0.050 0.01
3.2 The customary basis of payments for chromium metal is Columbium, max 0.050 0.050
per pound of alloy. Tantalum, max 0.050 0.003
Cobalt, max 0.003 0.001
Aluminum, max 0.30 0.10
4. Chemical Composition Titanium, max 0.050 0.003
4.1 The various grades shall conform to the requirements as Zirconism, max 0.050 0.003
Arsenic, max 0.005 0.003
to chemical composition specified in Table 1 and Table 2. Lead, max 0.003 0.001
Tin, max 0.001 0.001
Zinc, max 0.005 0.003
1 Boron, max 0.005 0.003
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Antimony, max 0.005 0.003
A01.18 on Castings. Silver, max 0.003 0.001
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 1994. Published October 1994. Originally Bismuth, max 0.003 0.001
published as A 481 – 63 T. Last previous edition A 481 – 73 (1985)e 1. A
For purposes of determining conformance with this specification, the reported
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. analysis shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the right-hand place of figures used
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05. in expressing the limiting value, in accordance with the rounding method of
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06. Recommended Practice E 29.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
A 481 – 94 (2000)
4.3 The values shown in Table 2 are expected maximums. has been developed, therefore, for this purpose, and a number
Upon request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shall furnish rating each product type is shown in the last column of Table
an analysis for any of these elements on a cumulative basis 3. Definitions applicable to these code numbers are given in the
over a period mutually agreed upon between the manufacturer Appendix.
and the purchaser.
6. Sampling
5. Size 6.1 The material shall be sampled in accordance with
5.1 The various grades are available in sizes as listed in Practices E 32.
Table 3. 6.2 Other methods of sampling mutually agreed upon by the
5.2 The sizes listed in Table 3 are typical as shipped from manufacturer and the purchaser may be used; however, in case
the manufacturer’s plant. These alloys exhibit varying degrees of discrepancy, Practices E 32 shall be used for referee.
of friability; therefore, some attrition may be expected in 7. Chemical Analysis
transit, storage, and handling. A quantitative test is not avail- 7.1 The chemical analysis of the material shall be made in
able for rating relative friability of ferroalloys. A code system accordance with the procedure for the ferroalloys as described
in Methods E 31 and Test Methods E 363 or alternative
TABLE 3 Standard Sizes and Tolerances methods that will yield equivalent results.
Standard Friability 7.2 If alternative methods of analysis are used, in case of
Product Grade TolerancesA
Sizes Rating discrepancy, Methods E 31 and Methods E 363 shall be used
Chromium A Plate 2 in. by 10 %, max retained on 2 for referee.
Metal down 2-in. (50-mm) sieve 7.3 Where no method is given in Methods E 31 or Test
10 %, max passing U.S.
No. 8 (2.36-mm) sieve Methods E 363 for the analysis for a particular element, the
analysis shall be made in accordance with a procedure agreed
A and B 1 in. by down 15 %, max retained on upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
1-in. (25.0-mm) sieve
15 %, max passing U.S.
No. 8 (2.36-mm) sieve
8. Inspection
8.1 The manufacturer shall afford the inspector representing
⁄ in. by down
14 5 %, max retained on
1⁄4-in. (6.3-mm) sieve
the purchaser all reasonable facilities, without charge, to satisfy
him that the material is being furnished in accordance with this
8 mesh by down 5 %, max retained on specification.
U.S. No. 8 (2.36-mm)
sieve 9. Rejection
20 mesh by 5 %, max retained on 9.1 Any claims or rejections shall be made to the manufac-
down U.S. No. 20 (850 µm) turer within 45 days from receipt of material by the purchaser.
sieve
10. Packaging and Package Marking
B Pellets 11⁄2 in. by Designated by manufac-
1 in. by 1 in. turer 10.1 The material shall be packaged in sound containers, or
A
Specifications of sieve sizes used to define tolerances herein are as listed in shipped in bulk, in such a manner that none of the product is
Specification E 11. lost or contaminated in shipment.
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. FRIABILITY RATINGS
Code No. Definition

1 Very tough materials which are susceptible to little, if any, breakage during shipment or handling.
(Example: low-carbon ferrochrome)
2 Some breakage of large pieces probable in shipping and handling. No appreciable fines produced from either lump or crushed sizes.
(Example: chrome metal)
3 Appreciable reduction in size of large pieces possible in shipping and handling. No appreciable production of fines in handling of crushed sizes.
(Example: ferrovanadium)
4 Appreciable reduction in size of large pieces upon repeated handling. Some fines produced upon repeated handling of crushed sizes.
(Example: standard ferromanganese)
5 Appreciable reduction in size in repeated handling of large pieces. Appreciable fines may be produced in the handling of crushed sizes.
(Example: 50 percent ferrosilicon)
2
A 481 – 94 (2000)
6 This category represents the most friable alloys.
(Example: calcium-silicon)
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in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
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Designation: A 481 – 94 (Reapproved 2000)

Standard Specification for

1. Scope TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsA

1.1 This specification covers two grades of chromium metal Composition, %

X1. FRIABILITY RATINGS

Code No. Definition

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