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    Title: Role of Govern Ment For Local Business: Prepared By: Aram Sarbast Supervised By: Academic Year: 2019-2020

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    Ari Awny
    The document discusses the role of local governments in supporting local businesses. It outlines several key ways that governments can partner with and support private businesses, including by providing permissions and registrations to operate, enforcing contracts, protecting consumers and employees, regulating environmental impacts, funding infrastructure and education programs, and facilitating economic development through loans and tax incentives. Effective partnerships between governments and businesses can combine the advantages of both the private sector like efficiency and innovation, and the public sector goals of social responsibility and job growth.

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    Title: Role of Govern Ment For Local Business: Prepared By: Aram Sarbast Supervised By: Academic Year: 2019-2020

    Uploaded by

    Ari Awny
    37 views6 pages
    The document discusses the role of local governments in supporting local businesses. It outlines several key ways that governments can partner with and support private businesses, including by providing permissions and registrations to operate, enforcing contracts, protecting consumers and employees, regulating environmental impacts, funding infrastructure and education programs, and facilitating economic development through loans and tax incentives. Effective partnerships between governments and businesses can combine the advantages of both the private sector like efficiency and innovation, and the public sector goals of social responsibility and job growth.

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    The document discusses the role of local governments in supporting local businesses. It outlines several key ways that governments can partner with and support private businesses, including by providing permissions and registrations to operate, enforcing contracts, protecting consumers and employees, regulating environmental impacts, funding infrastructure and education programs, and facilitating economic development through loans and tax incentives. Effective partnerships between governments and businesses can combine the advantages of both the private sector like efficiency and innovation, and the public sector goals of social responsibility and job growth.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    37 views6 pages

    Title: Role of Govern Ment For Local Business: Prepared By: Aram Sarbast Supervised By: Academic Year: 2019-2020

    Uploaded by

    Ari Awny
    The document discusses the role of local governments in supporting local businesses. It outlines several key ways that governments can partner with and support private businesses, including by providing permissions and registrations to operate, enforcing contracts, protecting consumers and employees, regulating environmental impacts, funding infrastructure and education programs, and facilitating economic development through loans and tax incentives. Effective partnerships between governments and businesses can combine the advantages of both the private sector like efficiency and innovation, and the public sector goals of social responsibility and job growth.

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    Kurdistan Regional Government – Iraq

    Ministry of Higher Education and

    Scientific Research
    Lebanese French University
    College of Business Administration Management

    Title: role of govern ment for local business

    Prepared by: aram sarbast


    Supervised by: Dr.sohail khan
    Academic year: 2019-2020

    signature: date:6/24/2020

    Mark(number) Mark(written) signature

     Introduction
    What exactly are business partnerships? For the local or city government, it is an
    opportunity to provide an appropriate and enabling environment where economic
    activities can take place, and participation of the private sector in public projects is
    facilitated. For the private sector, it is increased business opportunities for providing
    better products, better services, and developing sustainable technologies - which
    wmay lead to sustainable development in the long run.
    In the context of this document, a business partnership can be seen as a forum for
    dialogue between the local business community and local governments. The
    objectives of these partnerships are to enhance the flow of information and to promote
    business opportunities and joint activities between local governments and the private
    sector.
    Business partnerships are alternatives to full privatization in which local governments
    and private sector companies assume initiative and co-responsibility in focussing on
    the sustainability and environmental effect of private firms. Through effective and
    equal partnerships, the advantages of the private sector - dynamism, access to
    finance, knowledge of technologies, managerial efficiency, entrepreneurial spirit - are
    combined with the social responsibility, environmental awareness, local knowledge
    and job generation concerns of local governments.

    Permission to Form and Operate


    Most businesses need to register with a state government to operate. Corporations
    need a charter, and other forms of businesses, such as limited liability companies or
    partnerships, need other forms of registration. The function of this registration is
    usually to define the financial liability the owners of the company have. It limits their
    risk to the amount they have invested in that particular organization. Registration also
    allows the government to monitor companies to execute its other functions in the
    business world.

    Creating and Enforcing Contracts


    Businesses contract with other businesses. These contracts may be complex, such as
    mergers, or they may be as simple as a warranty on supplies purchased. The
    government enforces these contracts. Companies bring one another to court just as
    individuals do. An oral agreement can constitute a contract, but usually only a written
    agreement is provable. If one party fails or refuses to meet its obligation under a
    contract, a company will turn to the legal system for enforcement.

    Consumer Protection and Safety


    The government’s role in business includes protecting the consumer or customer.
    When a vendor fails to honor the guarantee, the purchaser has recourse in the law.
    Likewise, when a product causes harm to an individual, the courts may hold the
    vendor or manufacturer responsible. Labeling is another requirement the government
    imposes on marketers. Many foods, for example, must display nutritional content on
    the packaging. The U.S. has been making advances in consumer rights for decades.
    However, the consumer movement still needs considerable development to protect the
    public.

    Employee Rights and Protections


    Many state and federal agencies work to protect the rights of employees. The
    Occupational Health and Safety Administration, for example, is an agency under the
    Department of Labor. Its mission is to ensure a safe and healthful work environment.
    The Equal Opportunity Commission protects employees from discrimination.

    Environmental Regulations and Protection


    When a marketing transaction impacts a third party – others besides the marketer and
    purchaser – the effect is called an “externality.” The third party is often the
    environment. Thus, it is the government's role to regulate industry and thereby protect
    the public from environmental externalities. Whether the government is effective in this
    role is a matter of much discussion. The Gulf oil spill of 2010 has been cited as
    evidence of lax oversight.

    Revenue and Taxation


    Governments at all levels tax businesses, and the resulting revenue is an important
    part of government budgets. Some revenue is taxed at the corporate level, then taxed
    as personal income when distributed as dividends. This is in no way inappropriate,
    since it balances the tax burden between the company and individual and allows the
    government to tax more equitably.

    Investor Rights and Protection


    Government mandates that companies make financial information public, thereby
    protecting the rights of investors and facilitating further investment. This is generally
    done through filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Whether federal
    regulation has been adequate is a matter of much debate

    Economic Development Programs


    Some government programs help businesses start, grow and relocate to specific
    areas. In some ways, local, county and state governments compete with each other
    for jobs. They do this by offering start-up incentives and taking steps to create a
    “business-friendly” environment. These steps include tax credits, worker training, free
    land, zoning changes, low-interest loans, infrastructure improvements and help with
    fast-tracking licensing and permitting.

    Loan Guarantee Programs

    Government agencies such as the U.S. Small Business Administration provide loan
    guarantees to small businesses and encourage local banks to work with start-ups or
    established companies that want to expand. Talk to your banker about state or federal
    loan programs that offer low interest rates. If you are a woman, minority or operate a
    business in select industries, additional loan opportunities also may be available.
    Contact your state's economic development office to learn if it has loan programs.
    Research and Development

    The federal government provides grants to academic institutions working to develop


    new technologies that will benefit industry with the caveat that the institutions share
    the technologies with industry. In some instances, the government provides grants to
    private companies making a new product or service that will improve a vital area of an
    economy, such as transportation, energy, agriculture or communications. Some states
    also fund research and development projects and work with private investors and the
    federal government to raise funds.
    Infrastructure Improvement Funding

    Business does better when it can move raw materials to factories efficiently and get
    finished goods to plants and markets quickly. Governments help improve the
    infrastructure needed for businesses to succeed. This includes building and
    maintaining roads, bridges, rail lines, airports, seaports, energy transmission lines and
    telecommunications systems.
    Education and Training Programs

    To ensure businesses have access to trained workers, governments provide free


    schooling for primary and secondary students, grants and loans for higher education
    and worker training programs. Governments often work with trade schools, community
    colleges and universities to provide free worker training
    Employee Rights and Protections

    Many state and federal agencies work to protect the rights of employees. The
    Occupational Health and Safety Administration, for example, is an agency under the
    Department of Labor. Its mission is to ensure a safe and healthful work environment.
    The Equal Opportunity Commission protects employees from discrimination.
    Government mandates that companies make financial information public, thereby
    protecting the rights of investors and facilitating further investment. This is generally
    done through filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Whether federal
    regulation has been adequate is a matter of much debate.
    Revenue and Taxation
    Governments at all levels tax businesses, and the resulting revenue is an important part of
    government budgets. Some revenue is taxed at the corporate level, then taxed as personal
    income when distributed as dividends. This is in no way inappropriate, since it balances the
    tax burden between the company and individual and allows the government to tax more
    equitably.
    Investor Rights and Protection

    Government mandates that companies make financial information public, thereby


    protecting the rights of investors and facilitating further investment. This is generally
    done through filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Whether federal
    regulation has been adequate is a matter of much debate.
    Stronger Local Governance
    Simply put, governance is the science of decision-making. The concept of governance
    refers to the complex set of values, norms, processes, and institutions by which
    society manages its development and resolves conflict, formally and informally. It
    involves the state, but also the civil society (economic and social actors, community-
    based institutions and unstructured groups, the media etc.) at the local, national,
    regional and global levels.

    Conclusions
    The process of promoting sustainability in private sector companies is complex, not in
    the least because a profit-oriented entity will find it difficult to justify the uptake of
    sustainable principles for the good of the broader society. Yet it is changing, and
    businesses are now seeing the relative value in engaging with the broader community,
    as seen by the popularity of concepts and initiatives such as corporate social
    responsibility (CSR) and global reporting initiative (GRI).
    A key driver that kick-starts this process is peer-to-peer learning, where businesses
    learn from the experience of other businesses. Such partnerships between businesses
    go a long way to making the path to sustainability smoother.
    Fostering business partnerships that help in peer-to-peer learning is therefore critical
    to ensure long-term and sustained action. Such partnerships require the participation
    of a number of different stakeholders, in the public, private and civil sectors, including
    universities, NGOS, research institutions, chambers of commerce,
    trade/business/industry associations et al. With this constellation of stakeholders, the
    key role played by local governments is usually underplayed.
    Local governments are entities that have a significant influence on many of the
    decisions that businesses take. These can include, for example, decisions related to
    locational strategies, living enviornments, customer base, market development, etc.
    The macro policy framework that was proposed in the paper essentially calls for
    different support services to be provided to businesses that can help them in moving
    towards long-term sustainability.

    References
    NEP (2012), "Global Environmental Outlook (GEO 5)" Narirobu, Kenya: United
    Nations Environment Programme.
    UN ESCAP and UN-Habitat (2915) "The State of Asian and Pacific Cities 2015: Urban
    transformations - Shifting from quantity to quality" Bangkok: United Nations Economic
    and Social Commission for the Asia Pacific
    UNDP (1999), "Governance for Sustainable Human Development". United Nations
    Development Programme

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