GLOBALIZATION and MULTICULTURAL LITERACY

Educ 06-Building New Literacies across the Curriculum
The students will be able to:

• describe globalization and its effects on education;
• define multicultural literacy and its salient aspects;
• identify global problems/ issues related to peace education;
• create local and feasible solutions to these problems/ issues, and
• provide ways by which tolerance can be promoted in the
classroom.
▪ Globalization and Global Education
▪ Multicultural Literacy
▪ Peace Education
GLOBALIZATION GLOBAL EDUCATION
MULTICULTURAL
LITERACY
https://youtu.be/JJ0nFD19eT8
"an increasing interconnectedness and
convergence of activities and forms of life
among diverse cultures throughout the
world."
Vega, V., Prieto, N. & Carreon, M. (2015). Social dimensions of education. Cubao,
Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
As a theory, it seeks to explain the integration of
economies and societies around the world.
As a process, it affects all countries, some more
favorable than the others in terms of growth,
national sovereignty and cultural identity.
Case Study: The Coca-Cola Company
The Coca-Cola company was founded in the United States in 1886. The company set up
bottling plants in Canada in 1906. In 1928, it introduced the soft drink Coca-Cola at the
Olympic Games which were held in Amsterdam. In the 1940s, the company began to set up
bottling plants in countries around the world.
Coca-Cola is popular because it has been advertised as a brand of soft drink connected
with fun, friends and good times. Its international image was successfully promoted by a 1971
commercial, where a group of young people from all over the world gathered on a hilltop in
Italy to sing "I’d like to Buy the World a Coke." Coca-Cola was first bottled in the Philippines in
1912 and the country has long been one of the top 10 markets for its products.
Today, the company produces nearly 400 brands in over 200 countries. More than 70
percent of the company’s income comes from outside the United States. Coca-Cola is an
extraordinarily successful example of multinationalization. Its success raises the question of
why and how it has been so successful. The multinationalization of the Coca-Cola Company
is also often used as an example to illustrate the concept of economic globalization.
Industrial Globalization
Industrial
The development of
Cultural Financial
worldwide production
markets and broader
access to a range of
Globalization foreign products for
consumers and
Informational Economic
companies involving
particularly movement of
material and goods
Political
between and within
national boundaries.
Vega, V., Prieto, N. & Carreon, M. (2015).
Financial Globalization
Industrial
development of
Cultural Financial
worldwide financial
markets and better
access to external
Globalization financing for borrowers.
Political

Economic Globalization
Industrial
establishment of a global
Cultural Financial
common market, based
on the freedom of
exchange of goods and
Globalization capital.
Political

Political Globalization
Industrial
creation of international
Cultural Financial
organizations to regulate
the relationships among
governments and to
Globalization guarantee the rights
arising from social and
economic globalization.
Political

Informational Globalization
Industrial
increase in information flows

Cultural Financial
between geographically
remote locations. (This can
also be seen as a
Globalization technological change
related to the advent of fibre
optic communications,
satellites, and increased
availability of telephone and
Political
Internet.)

Cultural Globalization
Industrial
sharing of ideas, attitudes and

Cultural Financial
values across national
borders.
This sharing generally leads to
Globalization an interconnectedness and
interaction between peoples
of diverse cultures and ways
of life. Mass media and
communication technologies
Political
are the primary instruments for
cultural globalization.
Globalization
Economic, Cultural, Informational, Political

Effects of Globalization (in general)
 travel and tourism

 Immigration
 Importation and exportation
 Fads and fashion
 Sporting events
 Development of a set of universal values / standards applied
globally
 Cultural imperialism
Effects of Globalization on Education
Continuous
Widening the Global versus
lifelong learning
education local cultural
(formal / informal
access for all developments
learning)
Educational
networked Meta-skills
organizations
Reforms in Education
Curriculum Productivity and Internationalization

Upgrade Skill Training of Education
Privatization of
Finance-related
secondary and
issues
higher education
"Global Education extends students'
awareness of the world in which they
live by opening them to the diverse
heritage of human thoughts and
action, and creativity."
“It is focused on developing a means of measuring cross-cultural
awareness, understanding, knowledge and respect as lived relations
and processes by encouraging a widening expanse of knowledge
framed within an appreciation for the global intellectual heritage of
different disciplines and drawn from heterogenous sites of learning
(family, community, media and school). “
Taylor L., Hoechsmann M. (2012) Why Multicultural Literacy? Multicultural Education Inside and Outside Schools. In: Wright H.K., Singh M.,
Race R. (eds) Precarious International Multicultural Education. Transgressions (Cultural Studies and Education), vol 84. SensePublishers,
Rotterdam
“It is grounded in ideals of social justice, education
equity, critical pedagogy, and a dedication to
providing educational experiences in which all
students reach their full potentials as learners and as
socially aware and active beings, locally, nationally,
and globally. “
Gorski, P.(2018). “The challenge of defining ‘multicultural education.’ Retrieved from

http://www.edchange.org/multicultural/initial.html
▪ Creating a safe, accepting and successful learning environment
for all
▪ Increasing awareness of global issues
▪ Strengthening cultural consciousness
▪ Strengthening intercultural awareness
▪ Teaching students that there are multiple historical perspectives
▪ Encouraging critical thinking
▪ Preventing prejudice and discrimination
http://www.teachhub.com/multicultural-education-your-classroom
1.
Source: Google images
Contributions Approach
This approach reflects the least amount of involvement in

multicultural education approaches. This is incorporated by selecting
books and activities that celebrate holidays, heroes, and special
events from various cultures. For example, spending time reading
about Dr. Martin Luther King in January is a common practice that falls
into this category. In this approach, culturally diverse books and issues
are not specified as part of the curriculum (Banks, 1999).
Additive Approach
In this approach content, concepts, themes, and perspectives are

added to the curriculum without changing its basic structure. This
involves incorporating literature by and about people from diverse
cultures into the mainstream curriculum without changing the
curriculum. For example, examining the perspective of a Native
American about Thanksgiving would be adding cultural diversity to
the traditional view of Thanksgiving. However, this approach does not
necessarily transform thinking (Banks, 1999).
Transformation Approach
This approach actually changes the structure of the

curriculum and encourages students to view concepts,
issues, themes, and problems from several ethnic
perspectives and points of view. For example, a unit on
Thanksgiving would become an entire unit exploring cultural
conflict. This type of instruction involves critical thinking and
involves a consideration of diversity as a basic premise
(Banks, 1999).
Social Action Approach
This approach combines the transformation approach

with activities to strive for social change. Students are not
only instructed to understand and question social issues, but
to also do something about important about it. For
example, after participating in a unit about recent
immigrants to North America, students may write letters to
senators, Congress, and newspaper editors to express their
opinions about new policies (Banks, 1999).
1. Content Integration
2. Knowledge Construction Process
3. Prejudice Reduction
4. Equity Pedagogy
5. Empowering School Culture and Social Structure
1. Content Integration
2. Cultural Immersion
3. Celebrating Cultural Diversity
4. Culture Responsive Pedagogy
5. Teaching Local Culture
6. Using the local language as medium of
instruction
Pawilen, G. (2016). Teaching profession: Passion and mission. Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Bookstore, Inc.
1. Real-life Story Model
2. Problem-based Approach
3. Inviting Local Folks and Community Leaders as
Resource Persons
4. Developing Instructional Materials for Teaching
Indigenous Knowledge
Pawilen, G. (2016). Teaching profession: Passion and mission. Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Bookstore, Inc.
What global problems/ issues are we
experiencing?
(Present your output in your own novel and
creative way.)

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Educ 06-Building New Literacies across the Curriculum

The students will be able to:

Vega, V., Prieto, N. & Carreon, M. (2015).

Vega, V., Prieto, N. & Carreon, M. (2015).

Vega, V., Prieto, N. & Carreon, M. (2015).

increase in information flows

Vega, V., Prieto, N. & Carreon, M. (2015).

sharing of ideas, attitudes and

Economic, Cultural, Informational, Political

 travel and tourism

Curriculum Productivity and Internationalization

Gorski, P.(2018). “The challenge of defining ‘multicultural education.’ Retrieved from

This approach reflects the least amount of involvement in

In this approach content, concepts, themes, and perspectives are

This approach actually changes the structure of the

This approach combines the transformation approach

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