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    Unit 3: First and Second Conditional

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    IGNACIO SANCHEZ RAMIREZ
    This document summarizes the first and second conditional structures in English. [1] The first conditional is used to talk about real possibilities in the present or future, with an "if" clause in the present and a result clause with "will". [2] The second conditional talks about unreal or imaginary situations, with an "if" clause in the past and a result clause with "would". [3] It also discusses quantifiers like "many", "much", "a few", and their use with countable and uncountable nouns.

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    Unit 3: First and Second Conditional

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    IGNACIO SANCHEZ RAMIREZ
    47 views11 pages
    This document summarizes the first and second conditional structures in English. [1] The first conditional is used to talk about real possibilities in the present or future, with an "if" clause in the present and a result clause with "will". [2] The second conditional talks about unreal or imaginary situations, with an "if" clause in the past and a result clause with "would". [3] It also discusses quantifiers like "many", "much", "a few", and their use with countable and uncountable nouns.

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    Unit 3

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    This document summarizes the first and second conditional structures in English. [1] The first conditional is used to talk about real possibilities in the present or future, with an "if" clause in the present and a result clause with "will". [2] The second conditional talks about unreal or imaginary situations, with an "if" clause in the past and a result clause with "would". [3] It also discusses quantifiers like "many", "much", "a few", and their use with countable and uncountable nouns.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    47 views11 pages

    Unit 3: First and Second Conditional

    Uploaded by

    IGNACIO SANCHEZ RAMIREZ
    This document summarizes the first and second conditional structures in English. [1] The first conditional is used to talk about real possibilities in the present or future, with an "if" clause in the present and a result clause with "will". [2] The second conditional talks about unreal or imaginary situations, with an "if" clause in the past and a result clause with "would". [3] It also discusses quantifiers like "many", "much", "a few", and their use with countable and uncountable nouns.

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    Unit 3

    First and Second Conditional


    FIRST CONDITIONAL
    Structure: if + present simple, will + infinitive.
    condition Result

    It’s not important which clause (Condition or Result) comes first.

    We use the FIRST CONDITIONAL when we talk about real and possible situations
    in the present or in the future. For example:

    1. I WILL go (I’LL go) shopping on the way home if I HAVE time.


    2. If it IS a nice day tomorrow, we’ LL GO to the beach.
    3. If they WIN, they’ LL be top of the league.
    SECOND CONDITIONAL
    Structure: if + past simple, would + infinitive
    Condition Result

    It’s not important which clause (Condition or Result) comes first.

    The SECOND CONDITIONAL is used to talk about ‘unreal’ or imaginary


    situations. It expresses unreal situations in the present or future. For Example:

    1. If I WON a lot of money, I WOULD (I’D buy) a big house in the country.
    2. Where WOULD you live if you COULD live anywhere in the world?
    3. If you DIDN’T SMOKE so much, you ’D feel a lot better.
    QUANTIFIERS
    We use QUANTIFIERS when we want to give someone information about the
    number or amount of something. For example, how much or how many.

    They are used with Countable and Uncountable nouns.


    How to decide between Countable and Uncountable
    In general COUNTABLES are PLURAL. For example:

    Apples, Books, Tables, Chairs, Pens, Pencils etc.

    In general, UNCOUNTABLES are SINGULAR. For example:

    Milk, Juice, Internet, Air, Sugar, Salt, Rice etc.


    Specific QUANTIFIERS COUNTABLE UNCOUNTABLE

    many Much (-,?)

    a/few a/little

    Common QUANTIFIERS for COUNTABLE and UNCOUNTABLE

    ➢ Some
    ➢ A lot of
    ➢ Lots of
    ➢ Enough
    ➢ No
    ➢ (not) Any
    ➢ More
    ➢ Plenty of
    Examples of QUANTIFIERS used with Uncountable Nouns

    1. A: How MUCH money do you have?

    B: Not MUCH.

    2. There’s VERY LITTLE coffee left in the cup. I’ll make some more.
    3. I have A LITTLE money. Just enough to buy a small car.
    4. A: Is there MUCH time left?

    B: There’s A BIT only.

    5. There’s a LARGE AMOUNT of information on the Internet.


    6. There’s LOTS OF coffee, just help yourself.
    Examples of QUANTIFIERS used with Countable Nouns

    1. I have A NUMBER OF questions to ask, if you don’t mind.


    2. How MANY people are coming to the party? Not MANY.
    3. Do we need to buy more cheese? No there are A FEW slices in the fridge.
    But, there are FEW tomatoes. Could you get a couple more?
    4. A LOT OF people came to the party last Saturday.
    Examples of QUANTIFIERS used with both Countable and
    Uncountable Nouns
    1. There is ENOUGH time. / There are ENOUGH chairs in the classroom.
    2. There are no MORE tests this semester. / Do you have MORE time?
    3. She has NO money. / There are NO problems with the old computer. It’s OK.
    4. There ISN’T ANY coke left. Let’s get some more.

    A: Are there ANY people in the waiting room? B: There are not many.

    5. I have SOME friends coming over tonight. /There’s SOME cake for you in the kitchen.
    6. Mike has A LOT OF problems in the new school. /There’s A LOT OF sugar in the drink.
    It’s bad for you.
    7. LOTS OF people travel to the South in the summer. /I have LOTS OF time to do this
    project.

    8. There’s PLENTY OF time. Relax! Don’t worry. / There are PLENTY OF things to do.
    We use TOO, TOO MUCH and TOO MANY to say
    something is more than we want.
    Example:

    1. I try not to get home too late. (TOO + Adjective)


    2. He’s got too much work to do. (TOO MUCH + Uncountable)
    3. I’ve always got too many things to do. (TOO MANY + Countable)
    We use ENOUGH to say something is the correct number or amount.
    For Example:

    1. I earn enough money for the whole family. (ENOUGH + Noun)


    2. I think this place is big enough for us. (Adjective + ENOUGH)

    We use NOT ENOUGH to say something is less than we want.


    For Example:

    1. She’s not old enough to talk. (not + Adjective + ENOUGH)


    2. I don’t have enough energy to do anything in the day.
    (not + Verb + ENOUGH + Noun)

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