ADAMSON UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering
Chemical Engineering Department
M a n i l a

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LAB 1

EXPERIMENT NO. 3
Measurement of Density

Group No. 7
201820008 Godoy, Roman Jayson R.
201812342 Grageda, Jethro Geoffrey D.
201811888 Homoroc, Zeus Israel L.

Date of the Experiment: February 21 and 28, 2020

Date Submitted: February March 06, 2020

Prof. Engr. Rolando Umandal

Abstract

Introduction

Theoretical Background

Procedure
I. Measurement of Mass and Volume
COMPOUND
Ethyl alcohol Methyl alcohol Ethyl acetate
Mass of Empty 45.1839 45.2249 30.0774
Container (g)
Temperature of 29 28 29
liquid sample (oC)
Volume of liquid 10 10 10
sample (mL)
Mass of container + 53.1532 52.9194 38.8964
liquid sample (g)
Mass of liquid 7.9693 7.6945 8.8190
sample (g)
Density of liquid 0.7969 0.76945 0.8819
sample (g/mL)

II. Measurement of Specific Gravity using Westphal Balance

COMPOUND
Ethyl alcohol Methyl alcohol Sucrose
o
Temperature ( C) 29 31.5 26
Specific Gravity 0.798 0.777 1.03

III. Measurement of Density Using Pycnometer

Mass of empty Pycnometer 29.8820 g

 Mass of Pycnometer + Water 55.7107 g
Temperature of Water 30 oC
Mass of Water 25.8287 g
Density of Water 0.99567 g/mL
Volume of Water = Volume of Pycnometer 25.7169 mL

COMPOUND
Ethyl alcohol Methyl alcohol Ethyl acetate
Mass of Pycnometer 50.3954 49.3205 52.5050
+ liquid (g)
Temperature of 30 31 31
liquid sample (oC)
Volume of liquid 25.5 25 26.5
sample (mL)
Mass of liquid 20.5134 19.4385 22.623
sample (g)
Density of liquid 0.8044 0.77754 0.8537
sample (g/mL)

IV. Effect of Solute Concentration to Density of Solutions

Solute COMPOUND
Concentration
% Methyl alcohol Ethyl alcohol Sucrose
10 % 0.9858 0.9524 1.0180
30 % 0.9442 0.9452 1.0390
50 % 0.9118 0.9326 1.09587
70 % 0.89912 0.8885 1.1301
90 % 0.8226 0.8446 1.1995

Sample Calculations
𝒎
I. Measurement of Mass and Volume [ 𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 = 𝒗 ]
7.9693 𝑔 𝑔
• 𝐸𝑡ℎ𝑦𝑙 𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = = 0.7969
10 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿
II. Measurement of Specific Gravity using Westphal Balance
• Methyl alcohol: (6 x 0.1) = 0.6
(7 x 0.001) = 0.007
(8 x 0.01) = 0.08
(9 x 0.01) = 0.09
 SG: 0.777
𝒎
III. Measurement of Density Using Pycnometer [𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 = 𝒗 ]
22.623 𝑔 𝑔
• 𝐸𝑡ℎ𝑦𝑙 𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒 = = 0.8537
26.5 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿

𝒎
IV. Effect of Solute Concentration to Density of Solutions [𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 = 𝒗 ]
(29.9879𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 90%, 30℃: 𝑠𝑢𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑒 = = 1.1995
25 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿

Results

Discussion of Results

Conclusions and Recommendations

Literature Cited

Nomenclature

Appendices
a. Raw Data
I. Measurement of Mass and Volume

COMPOUND
Ethyl alcohol Methyl alcohol Ethyl acetate
Mass of Empty 45.1839 45.2249 30.0774
Container (g)
Temperature of 29 28 29
liquid sample (oC)
 Volume of liquid 10 10 10
sample (mL)
Mass of container + 53.1532 52.9194 38.8964
liquid sample (g)
Mass of liquid 7.9693 7.6945 8.8190
sample (g)
Density of liquid 0.7969 0.76945 0.8819
sample (g/mL)

II. Measurement of Specific Gravity using Westphal Balance

COMPOUND
Ethyl alcohol Methyl alcohol Sucrose
o
Temperature ( C) 29 31.5 26
Specific Gravity 0.798 0.777 1.03

III. Measurement of Density Using Pycnometer

Mass of empty Pycnometer 29.8820 g

Mass of Pycnometer + Water 55.7107 g
Temperature of Water 30 oC
Mass of Water 25.8287 g
Density of Water 0.99567 g/mL
Volume of Water = Volume of Pycnometer 25.7169 mL

COMPOUND
Ethyl alcohol Methyl alcohol Ethyl acetate
Mass of Pycnometer 50.3954 49.3205 52.5050
+ liquid (g)
Temperature of 30 31 31
liquid sample (oC)
Volume of liquid 25.5 25 26.5
sample (mL)
Mass of liquid 20.5134 19.4385 22.623
sample (g)
Density of liquid 0.8044 0.77754 0.8537
sample (g/mL)

IV. Effect of Solute Concentration to Density of Solutions

Mass of Pycnometer = 30.0802 g

Volume of Pycnometer = 25 mL
 Solute Mass of Sample Compound (g)
Concentration
% Methyl alcohol Ethyl alcohol Sucrose
10 % 24.6441 23.8118 25.4529
30 % 23.6055 23.6296 25.9755
50 % 22.7945 23.3151 27.3964
70 % 22.4778 22.2126 28.2516
90 % 20.5648 21.1138 29.8979

b. Analysis of Data and Sample Calculations

𝒎
I. Measurement of Mass and Volume [ 𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 = 𝒗 ]
7.9693 𝑔 𝑔
• 𝐸𝑡ℎ𝑦𝑙 𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = = 0.7969
10 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿

7.6945 𝑔 𝑔
• 𝑀𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑦𝑙 𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = = 0.76945 𝑚𝐿
10 𝑚𝐿

8.819 𝑔 𝑔
• 𝐸𝑡ℎ𝑦𝑙 𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = = 0.8819
10 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿

II. Measurement of Specific Gravity using Westphal Balance

• Methyl alcohol: (6 x 0.1) = 0.6
(7 x 0.001) = 0.007
(8 x 0.01) = 0.08
(9 x 0.01) = 0.09
SG: 0.777
• Ethyl alcohol: (7 x 0.1) = 0.7
(9 x 0.01) = 0.09
(8 x 0.001) = 0.008
SG: 0.798
• Sucrose: (1 x 0.1) = 0.1
(3 x 0.01) = 0.03
(9 x 0.1) = 0.9
SG: 1.03

𝒎
III. Measurement of Density Using Pycnometer [𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 = 𝒗 ]
25.8287 𝑔 𝑔
• 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 25.7169 𝑚𝐿 = 0.99567 𝑚𝐿

20.5134 𝑔 𝑔
• 𝐸𝑡ℎ𝑦𝑙 𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = = 0.8044
25.5 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿
 19.4385 𝑔 𝑔
• 𝑀𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑦𝑙 𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = = 0.77754
25 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿

22.623 𝑔 𝑔
• 𝐸𝑡ℎ𝑦𝑙 𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒 = = 0.8537
26.5 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿

𝒎
IV. Effect of Solute Concentration to Density of Solutions [𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 = 𝒗 ]
1.) Ethyl alcohol
(23.8118𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 10%, 31℃: = 0.9524
25 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿
(23.6296𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 30%, 30℃: = 0.9452 𝑚𝐿
25 𝑚𝐿
(23.3151𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 50%, 31℃: = 0.9326 𝑚𝐿
25 𝑚𝐿
(22.2126𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 70%, 30℃: = 0.8885 𝑚𝐿
25 𝑚𝐿
(21.1138𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 90%, 30℃: = 0.8446 𝑚𝐿
25 𝑚𝐿
2.) Methyl alcohol
(24.6441𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 10%, 30℃: = 0.9858
25 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿
(23.6055𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 30%, 31℃: = 0.9442 𝑚𝐿
25 𝑚𝐿
(22.7945𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 50%, 31℃: = 0.9118
25 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿
(22.4778𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 70%, 31℃: = 0.89912 𝑚𝐿
25 𝑚𝐿
(20.5648𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 90%, 31℃: = 0.8226 𝑚𝐿
25 𝑚𝐿
3.) Sucrose
(25.4529𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 10%, 31℃: = 1.0180
25 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿
(25.9755𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 30%, 31℃: = 1.0390 𝑚𝐿
25 𝑚𝐿
(27.3964𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 50%, 30℃: = 1.09587 𝑚𝐿
25 𝑚𝐿
(28.2516𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 70%, 30℃: = 1.1301 𝑚𝐿
25 𝑚𝐿
(29.9879𝑔) 𝑔
• 𝑎𝑡 90%, 30℃: = 1.1995
25 𝑚𝐿 𝑚𝐿