Name ______________________________

AP World History - Study Guide

1. prehistory -
2. lateen sail -
3. Neolithic Revolution –
4. artisan -
5. patrician –
6. nirvana –
7. cuneiform -
8. citizen -
9. hajj –
10. feudalism –
11. Crusades –
12. daimyo –
13. mercantilism -
14. divine right -
15. indulgence –
16. absolutism -
17. estate -
18. armistice -
19. Neo-Confucianism –
20. imperialism -
21. communism -
22. laissez-faire –
23. ideology -
24. Pax Romana -
25. satellite –
26. appeasement -
27. fascism -
28. propaganda –
29. bourgeoisie -
30. division of labor -
31. covenant –
32. containment –

*** For “Who?” or “What?” explain the significance.

1. What is B.C.E.? C.E.?
2. What is B.C.? A.D.? Meaning of AD?
3. What are primary sources? Examples?
4. What are secondary sources? Examples?
5. The first pre-human hominids probably lived where?
6. Modern man is referred to as –
7. What is the “fertile crescent”?
8. How did the development of agriculture affect population density?
9. Located between the Tigris and Euphrates, Mesopotamia’s name means –
10. Who is responsible for uniting Upper and Lower Egypt?
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11. When were the pyramids built (during what kingdom)?

12. What were the characteristics of an early civilization?
13. Ahmenotep broke with Egyptian religious tradition by advocating –
14. Who were the Hyksos?
15. Who was Ramses II?
16. According to the Bible, Moses did what?
17. Explain the basic beliefs of Judaism:
18. What is the significance of King Saul of the Israelites?
19. What is the significance of King David of the Israelites?
20. What is the significance of King Solomon’s temple?
21. What is Zoroastrianism?
22. Who were the Hittites? Assyrians?
23. Who were the Babylonians (New & Old)?
24. What was the foundation of a civilization’s economy?
25. What do historians regard as Hammurabi’s greatest accomplishment?
26. Who were the Phoenicians?
27. The city of Carthage was founded by
28. What caused the ancient Greeks to be isolated from one another?
29. What is the significance of Athens?
30. What is the significance of Sparta?
31. What was the Peloponnesian War?
32. Who were the only polis citizens with political rights?
33. Who were the Persians?
34. Who was Philip of Macedonia?
35. Who was Alexander the Great?
36. What is Hellenism?
37. What is the significance of Emperor Qin and the Qin dynasty?
38. What made the Han Dynasty in China so great?
39. What led to the political and economic crises of the Han Empire?
40. How did Rome become an empire?
41. What aspects of Greek culture did Rome adopt?
42. What has made Rome’s legacy endure for thousands of years?
43. Who was Julius Caesar?
44. Who was Caesar Augustus (Octavian)?
45. The Romans’ distrust of kings and their power led them to
46. Who fought in the Punic Wars?
47. What was the 1st Punic War fought over? Outcome?
48. What was the 2nd Punic War fought over? Outcome?
49. What was the 3rd Punic War fought over? Outcome?
50. What factors led to the decline of the Roman Empire?
51. Who was Constantine and what was his most important accomplishment?
52. Who was Theodosius and what was his most important accomplishment?
53. What is the Mandate of Heaven?
54. What was the general pattern for each dynasty in China?
55. Who was Siddhartha Gautama?
56. Explain the basic beliefs of Hinduism:
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57. What is/was the caste system?

58. Explain the basic beliefs of Buddhism:
59. According to Buddha, “Ordinary life is full of _________________”
60. What does Buddhism reject that is fundamental in Hinduism?
61. What areas did Hinduism spread to?
62. Put these in hierarchical order from top to bottom - merchants, untouchables,
priests, warriors, & servants –
63. What group is technically not part of the caste system, but can be called the “fifth
caste”?
64. This caste includes farmers – laborers – political leaders -
Brahmins –
65. What was capital of the Byzantine Empire?
66. The Byzantines developed their own unique version of Christianity called –
67. Who was Muhammad?
68. What happens to Islam upon Muhammad’s death?
69. What allowed for the rapid expansion of Islam?
70. What are the Five Pillars of Islam?
71. What is the Koran?
72. What is the significance of Mecca?
73. What is the significance of Medina?
74. What is the significance of the Dome of the Rock (Jerusalem)?
75. This group believes that the caliph was primarily a religious authority and that the
position should be held only by the descendants of Muhammad
76. What group believes that the caliph was primarily a leader (that had been
accepted by the people) and not a religious authority?
77. Who was Charlemagne?
78. Explain the most important aspects of the Byzantine Empire?
79. Who was the most important Byzantine leader?
80. What is/was the Magna Carta?
81. What part of Europe did the Vikings come from?
82. The Vikings were a major reason for the development of what system?
83. Who emerges as the strongest political leader in Western Europe during the
Middle Ages?
84. What type of political system did Europe have from 1000-1300?
85. What were the Crusades?
86. What motivated the Crusades?
87. What were the effects of the Crusades?
88. Who were the Samurai?
89. What is difference between the Schism and the Great Schism?
90. Who were the Aztecs (including location, practices, and accomplishments)?
91. Who were the Incas (including location, practices, and accomplishments)?
92. Who were the Mayans (including location, practices, and accomplishments)?
93. What was the Spanish Inquisition?
94. What type of political system did China have from 1000-1300?
95. Who were the Mongols?
96. What were the Mongols the first to do (in regards to China)?
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97. What is the name of the Mongol dynasty in China?

98. Who was Genghis Khan? Kublai Khan?
99. What was the Spanish Armada? What is its significance?
100. Where did the Spanish Armada suffer a catastrophic defeat in 1588?
101. Why was the Spanish Armada defeated?
102. Who was Peter the Great?
103. Who was Martin Luther?
104. What was Martin Luther’s most important principle?
105. What was Martin Luther’s main issue with the Catholic Church?
106. What was the Renaissance?
107. What values were favored during the Renaissance?
108. Where in Europe did the Renaissance begin?
109. Identify Louis XIV:
110. Identify Phillip II of Spain:
111. Henry VIII:
112. Identify the Act of Supremacy:
113. Identify Elizabeth I:
114. Identify Christopher Columbus:
115. Identify Magellan:
116. Identify Vasco Da Gama:
117. Who were the Bantu?
118. What was the Columbian Exchange?
119. Describe the Kingdom of Mali (including leaders, location, practices, and
achievements):
120. Kingdom of Songhai (including leaders, location, practices, and
achievements):
121. Kingdom of Ghana (including leaders, location, practices, and
achievements):
122. What was Timbuktu?
123. Where did Europeans get the numerals and the decimal system they use?
124. What did the Japanese do to resist foreign penetration and domination
from 1500-1850?
125. From 1500-1800 most of the people who came to the Western Hemisphere
originated here.
126. When did sugar cane plantations begin operations in the New World?
127. How and why did Haiti become independent?
128. What factors led to significant population growth worldwide from 1700 to
1800?
129. Until the 1600s scientific thought in Europe was based on what two
things?
130. What group did James I & Charles I oppose as Kings of England?
131. Who emerges from the English Civil War to rule England as Lord
Protector?
132. What was the fate of Charles I?
133. What were the causes of the French Revolution?
134. What was the fate of Louis XVI?
Name ______________________________

135. Why did other European nations attack France during the Revolution?
136. What was the Continental System?
137. Why was Napoleon such a popular French leader?
138. Napoleon was first exiled to what island?
139. Napoleon was last exiled and died on what island?
140. Where was Napoleon’s final military defeat?
141. What were the Russian tactics during Napoleon’s invasion?
142. What did the daily life of most pre-industrial rural villagers in Europe
revolve around?
143. What factors led to the nineteenth century slave emancipations?
144. What was the Mughal Empire?
145. The Taj Mahal reflects what types of architecture in its construction?
146. Describe the Ottoman Empire (including extent, practices, leaders, and
achievements)
147. What were the Tanzimat reforms?
148. What were most of the farmers in the Ottoman Empire?
149. What country led the world in cotton production in 1700?
150. What was the Enlightenment?
151. What was the Industrial Revolution?
152. What was the first country to become industrialized?
153. Describe how minorities were treated in North and South America in the
late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries?
154. From where did the majority of new immigrants to the U.S. come from in
1900?
155. Identify Karl Marx:
156. According to Karl Marx, control of the means of production would
eventually be seized by who?
157. According to Marx who controlled the means of production?
158. The economic and political domination of one country by another is a
characteristic of what enterprise?
159. From what background did leaders of nationalist movements in Africa,
Asia, and the Middle East come from?
160. Who developed the boycott into an effective method of protesting British
rule?
161. Why did India and Pakistan split into two nations in 1947?
162. What were the causes of World War I?
163. Why did the U.S. enter World War I?
164. What was the Versailles Treaty?
165. What were the causes of World War II?
166. Many historians see what two events as major turning points in World
War II?
167. Japan’s invasion of Manchuria demonstrated the growing political power
of
168. The Allied campaign in the Pacific called for what strategy?
169. Who were members of the Triple Entente (World War I)?
170. What was most responsible for the defeat of the German alliance in World
Name ______________________________

War I?
171. Identify Sun Yat-sen:
172. Identify Chiang Kai-shek:
173. Identify Mao Zedong:
174. Unlike Lenin, Mao emphasized the power of _________ in a communist
revolution.
175. Japan, Italy, and Germany (World War II) were members of the
________.
176. What triggered Austria-Hungary’s ultimatum to Serbia?
177. List the groups chosen for extermination by the Nazis:
178. Hitler’s territorial expansion did not stir Western military action until his
invasion of
179. What effectively stopped Hitler’s plans to invade Britain?
180. Who was Vladimir Lenin?
181. What group did Vladimir Lenin lead?
182. What conditions led Japan to begin a policy of expansion?
183. How did the Western Allies respond to the Soviet blockade of Berlin?
184. Who was Josef Stalin?
185. What was the Five Year Plan?
186. What was the international assembly that replaced the League of Nations
after World War II?
187. What happened to Berlin and Germany after World War II?
188. What was the Marshall Plan?
189. What two countries were the first to benefit from the Truman Doctrine?
190. What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?
191. Why was the Berlin Wall built?
192. Who was Fidel Castro?
193. What was the Bay of Pigs invasion?
194. South American countries during the 1980s and 1990s were moving
towards this type of government/political system.
195. When did support for the U.S. effort in Vietnam decrease?
196. The 38th parallel became an important dividing line between what two
countries?
197. The 17th parallel became an important dividing line between what two
countries?
198. By what decade were most of the African countries finally independent?
199. What was apartheid?
200. Who is Nelson Mandela?
201. What did the Chinese communists decide to call their country?
202. Kashmir is a region disputed by what two countries?
203. Who was the Ayatollah Khomeini?
204. What two Middle Eastern countries signed a peace a agreement in 1979?
205. What two resources helped make the Middle East an important region?
206. What prompted Gamel Abdel Nasser to nationalize the Suez Canal?
207. Explain the most important issue between the Arabs and Israelis?
208. What country occupied Japan at the end of World War II?
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209. Who was Ho Chi Minh?

210. What was the Gulf of Tonkin incident?
211. What is the significance of the Gulf of Tonkin incident?
212. Why did the United Nations send forces to Korea in 1950?
213. What happened at Dien Bien Phu?
214. What is the significance of Dien Bien Phu?
215. What was the Balfour Declaration?
216. How many times and when has Israel gone to war? (provide names of
wars)