Biology Exam

Name ……………….
Date …………………
Total marks………….

1 Fig. 5.1 shows a root hair cell.

B
A C

Fig. 5.1

(a) Name structures A, B and

C.

[3]

2 (a) Name two structures, visible with a light microscope, which distinguish plant cells from
animal cells.

2 [2]
Fig. 1.1 shows a plant cell.

Fig. 1.1
(b) Complete the table by matching each of the described functions to one of the cell
parts, A – F.

description of function cell part

controls the passage of nutrients into the cell
increases in volume when the cell is placed in water
contains genetic material
prevents the cell bursting
produces glucose during photosynthesis
[5]

(b) Name one animal cell and one plant cell that has no nucleus when fully
developed. For each cell named, state its function.

animal cell

function

plant cell

function [4]
3) Fig. 2.2 shows some liver cells as seen with a light microscope.

B ...............................
A ...............................
.
 Fig. 2.2

(a) (i) Label, on Fig. 2.2, the structures A, B

[3

(ii) The distance of the line is 0.06 mm.

Calculate the magnification of Fig. 2.2.

Show your working.

Magnification = x [2]

4) A student investigated the diffusion of substances through Visking tubing, an artificial membrane
which has some of the properties of cell membranes.

The student made a bag of Visking tubing as shown in Fig. 4.1.

top of syringe

elastic band
test-tube

Visking bag bag filled with starch

starch solution solution
and placed into a
test-tube of water

knot water
 Fig. 4.1

The student added some iodine solution to the water in the test-tube.

After 30 minutes at room temperature, the contents of the Visking bag were stained blue-black,
but the water outside remained a yellow colour.

(a) (i) Explain these results.

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[4]

(ii) State three factors that influence the movement of molecules through membranes.

1 .............................................................................................................................

2 .............................................................................................................................

3 .............................................................................................................................

[3]
5) Male and female sex hormones control the development of secondary sexual
characteristics.

Table 3.1

sex hormones testosterone oestrogen

site of production
…………………….........

1
secondary sexual …………………….........
characteristics
2
…………………….........

(a) Complete Table 3.1.

Write your answers in the boxes in Table 3.1. [3]

(b) Some women do not release eggs. The hormone FSH is used in fertility treatment for such
women.

Name the organs in the female body responsible for the following:

(i) production of FSH,

[1]

(ii) release of eggs.

[1]

(c) Fig. 3.1 shows changes in the concentration of FSH and three other hormones in the blood
during one menstrual cycle.

oestro L progester
FS gen H one
H

relative
concentration of
hormones in the
blood

0 2 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28

time / days
 Fig. 3.1

(i) Describe the changes in the concentration of FSH during one menstrual cycle.

6) Fig. 4.1 shows part of the human gas exchange system.

Fig. 4.1

(a) (i) Name structure K.

......................................................................................................................................
[1]

(ii) Ciliated cells and goblet cells line structure

L. Explain the function of these cells in

structure L.

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[3]

7) The ribcage and diaphragm are involved in the breathing mechanism to ventilate the lungs.

Fig. 3.1 is a flow chart that shows the changes that take place when breathing in.

external intercostal diaphragm muscles

muscles contract contract

is .....................
diaphragm
ribcage is raised
 air moves......................the lungs

air enters the......................which

are the site of gaseous exchange

Fig. 3.1

(a) Complete Fig. 3.1 by writing appropriate words in the spaces provided. [6]
 (b) Fig. 3.2 shows part of the epithelium that lines the trachea.

Fig. 3.2

Explain how the cells labelled A and B in Fig. 3.2 protect the gas exchange system.

[4]

8) Fig. 2.1 shows the changes that occur to the iris when a light is switched on.

before light is switched on after light is switched on

Fig. 2.1

(a) Describe and explain the change to the eye as the light is switched on.
 [2]

(ii) Explain why the change you described is necessary.

[2]

(iii) Distinguish between the functions of rods and cones in the eye.
 [2]
9) Fig. 2.2 shows the neurones involved in stimulating the muscles in the iris when the changes
shown in Fig. 2.1 take place.

direction of light

muscle in
the iris

lens

optic nerve

brain

Fig. 2.2

(b) On Fig. 2.2 draw an arrow on each of the four neurones to show the direction taken
by the impulses when the light is switched on.
[1]
(c) Neurones that terminate in the adrenal gland stimulate the release of adrenaline into
the blood.

(i) Describe situations when adrenaline would be released from the gland into the
blood.
 [3]
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