Petrel Workflow Tools: 5 Day Introduction Course

Petrel Workflow Tools
5 Day Introduction Course

Edit of Input Seismic Well Fault Pillar Depth Conversion
Correlation Modelingg Griddingg
put Data
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Importt data
Edit Inp
Intro to
Introdution to Property Plotting Volume Well Design

Modeling; Log Upscaling Calculation
Processs Manager
Upscaling of Well Logs
Objectives
Gain
G i UUnderstanding
d t di off Concept
C t and
d Process
P
Understand and Use Discrete Logs
– Averaging
g g
Understand and Use Continuous logs
– Averaging
– Biasing to a discrete log
– Different averaging methods
Look at Different Scale-Up p Settings
g
– Treat log as lines or points
– Method of which penetrated cells to use
QC of Upscaled Logs
– Using well section window
Overview
Upscaling assigns values to the cells in

th 3D grid
the id th
thatt are penetrated
t t d bby th
the
well logs. It averages the values so that
one cell gets one value only. These cells
are later
l t usedd in i P Property
t modeling.
d li
Cells exist along the well path.

path
Values assigned
g to cells based on
well log values along the well path.
Upscaled logs used to fill in the 3D

grid.
Process
Select the Scale up well logs process under the

Property Modeling folder in the Process Diagram.
1. Create new p
property
p y and Select input
p
from: Well logs.
2. Select log: from drop-down menu

( t d from
(captured f Gl b l wellll llogs folder)
Global f ld )
3. Select the best Scale up settings
NOTE: The upscaled logs will be part of the 3D

property at the well positions
positions. Property Modeling
processes will NOT overwrite upscaled cell values!
Discrete Logs – Averaging
Discrete logs, such as facies, have only
integer values (0,1,2 etc.).
1. The Averaging method is normally

Most of (will use the value which is most
represented in the cell).
2. In some situations it may be necessary

to use the weighting option. Click the Use
weighting and fill in Weighted tab.
tab
Continuous Logs – Averaging
Continuous logs,
logs such as porosity,
porosity have real
number values (decimals).
1. Select the Averageg method. It is

normally Arithmetic for porosity (averages
all the values in the cell equally).
2) It is usually necessary to bias to facies.

Use the biasing option, to bias against a
discrete upscaled log (see next slide).
3) You can specify that there

should be a Min. number of
points passing through a
cell for it to be populated
with a value.
Biasing to a Discrete Log
Upscaled facies Raw facies Raw porosity Upscaled porosity
Sand
Settings – Treat Log
As points: All sample values within each cell are used for averaging.
averaging
As lines: Data between points will be interpreted (points outside the

cell mayy affect the result).
)
vi: weighted value of each

point involved
ni: log value of the point
Settings – Method
Simple: All cells penetrated by the well

trajectory are included
Through cell: The well trajectory must

penetrate two opposite cell walls (top and
base - opposite sidewalls) to be included
Neighbor
N i hb cells:
ll Cells
C ll iin th
the same cellll
layer are averaged.
Option to set a
minimum number
of data points in a
cell for it to be
included.
QC of Upscaled Logs
Once upscaling is done it is a good habit to QC

the upscaled cells with the original log:
Press the Show results in Well Section or set up

a Well Section display on your own (discussed
below).
If setting up a well Section; select raw logs from

Global well logs and upscaled properties from
Properties folder. Add a new track if desired.
View the logs and Upscaled cells of interest; check

for inconsistencies. Review Upscaling if necessary.
EXERCISE
Scale Up Well Logs
QC Upscaled Properties
Averaging Methods for Continuous Logs
Arithmetic mean - Typically used for properties such as porosity, saturation and
net/gross because these are additive variables.
Harmonic mean - Gives the effective vertical permeability if the reservoir is layered
with constant permeability in each layer. It works well with log normal distributions. It is
used for permeability because it is sensitive to lower values.
Geometric mean - Normally a good estimate for permeability if it has no spatial

correlation and is log normally distributed. It is sensitive to lower values.
Generally:
RMS (Root Mean Squared) - Will provide a strong bias towards high values.
RMS > Arithmetic
Minimum/ Maximum - Samples the min/max value of the well log for the cell.
Arithmetic > Geometric
Mid Point Pick – Will pick the log value where the well is halfway through the
cell. Essentially a random choice and is therefore more likely to give a property with the Geometric > Harmonic
same distribution of values as the original well log data.
Random Pick – Picks a log point at random from anywhere within the cell. This random option avoids
the smoothing tendency of other methods and is therefore more likely to give a property with the same
distribution of values as the original well log data.
QC of Upscaled Logs
Create Synthetic logs; these will resemble the
properties
ti (Upscaled
(U l d logs)
l ) but
b t are stored
t d as
physical logs under Global Well Logs
1. Go to the Make logs

g tab of settings
g for Wells.
2. Select the property to make log from.
3. Press Make logs

g button;; the logg is stored in
the Global Well Logs folder and can be toggled
on from there.

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Petrel Workflow Tools

5 Day Introduction Course

Introdution to Property Plotting Volume Well Design

Upscaling assigns values to the cells in

Cells exist along the well path.

Upscaled logs used to fill in the 3D

Select the Scale up well logs process under the

2. Select log: from drop-down menu

3. Select the best Scale up settings

NOTE: The upscaled logs will be part of the 3D

1. The Averaging method is normally

2. In some situations it may be necessary

1. Select the Averageg method. It is

2) It is usually necessary to bias to facies.

3) You can specify that there

Upscaled facies Raw facies Raw porosity Upscaled porosity

As lines: Data between points will be interpreted (points outside the

vi: weighted value of each

Simple: All cells penetrated by the well

Through cell: The well trajectory must

Once upscaling is done it is a good habit to QC

Press the Show results in Well Section or set up

If setting up a well Section; select raw logs from

View the logs and Upscaled cells of interest; check

Geometric mean - Normally a good estimate for permeability if it has no spatial

1. Go to the Make logs

2. Select the property to make log from.

3. Press Make logs

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