1.

In a test on a coal-fired furnace, a representative sample of the

coal as fired is found to contain 2.03% moisture, 14.47% volatile 2. A furnace burns coal analyzing 78.35% C, 27% VCM,
matter, 75.31% fixed carbon, 8.19% ash, and 2.26% S. The heating 1.3% N, 7.1% ash and 0.95% S. Analysis of the refuse
value of the coal as fired is 14,081 BTU/lb. The refuse contains shows 6% VCM, 32% FC and 62% ash. Air supplied is at
40.0% moisture, 15.3% fixed carbon, and 44.7% ash; and the flue- 300C, 735 torrs with 90% RH. The stack gases at 2500C
gas analysis is 13.0% CO2, 1.1% CO, 1.6% H2, and 5.6% O2. and 745 torrs has a partial Orsat analysis of 9.79% CO2
Calculate the following: and 1.47% CO. Assuming that 5.19% of the C fired is
(a) The percent of the heating value of the fuel fired that is lost as lost in the refuse, calculate:
unburnt carbon in the refuse. a. Complete ultimate analysis of coal
(b) The ultimate analysis of the coal as fired. Neglect nitrogen in b. Type of combustible in the refuse
the coal. c. Percentage Excess Air
d. Complete Orsat Analysis of the stack gas
2. The refuse from a coal-fired furnace is found to contain 36.0% e. Cubic meter stack gas per kg coal
moisture, 4.2% volatile matter, 13.6% fixed carbon, and 46.2%
ash. The coal as fired contains 1.7% moisture, 29.2% volatile 3. A furnace is fired with a bituminous coal having the
matter, 60.8% fixed carbon, and 8.3% ash, and has a heating value following proximate analysis:
of 14,200 BTU/lb. Sulfur and nitrogen in the coal are negligible. Moisture 2.9%
The flue-gas temperature is 4300F. A recording CO2 meter Volatile Matter 33.8
indicates that the average percent CO2 in the flue gas is 12.6 (dry Fixed Carbon 53.1
basis). Under the firing conditions employed in this particular Ash 10.2
furnace, the CO and H2 in the combustion gases are known to be 100.00%
very small in amount. The air used for combustion is 60% The ultimate analysis is known only in part and
saturated with water vapor at 700F. The barometer is normal. includes (as-received basis)
Estimate the following quantities as accurately as possible: Sulfur 1.1%
(a) Percent of the heating value of the coal fired that is lost as Carbon 73.8
unburnt combustible in the refuse. The dry refuse from the furnace has the following
(b) Complete Orsat analysis of the flue gas. composition:
(c) Moles of water vapor in the flue gas per 100 moles of dry gas. Volatile matter 3.1%
Fixed carbon 18.0
1. Examination of a Wyoming coal as received yields the following Ash 78.9
information: volatile matter, 31.4%; fixed carbon, 46.0%; ash, The Orsat analysis of the flue gases is as follows:
3.1%; moisture, 19.5%; negligible sulfur; heating value, 10,100 Carbon dioxide 12.1%
BTU/lb, Estimate the per cent total carbon in the coal as received. Carbon monoxide 0.2
Oxygen 7.2
2. Study of a large number of samples of coal from the Nitrogen 80.5
Connellsville, Pa., field indicates that the average analysis of the 100.0%
coal in this field is 27.5% volatile matter, 63.5% fixed carbon, 6.0%
moisture, 3.0% ash, and negligible sulfur. The average heating
Air enters the furnace at a temperature of 650F with a
value is 14,150 BTU/lb. A sample from a certain mine in the field
percentage humidity of 55%. The barometric pressure
found to contain 15% ash and 8% moisture. Estimate the percent
is 29.30 in Hg. The flue gases enter the stack at a
total carbon and the heating value of the coal thus sampled.
pressure equivalent to 1.5 in. of water less than the
barometric pressure and at a temperature of 5600F.
3. A typical high-grade semibituminous coal found to contain
16.8% volatile matter and 83.2% fixed carbon on an ash- and
Compute the volume of air and flue gases per 100 lb of
moisture-free basis. On the same basis, the heating value is
coal charged.
15,880 BTU/lb, and the sulfur content is 0.79%.
a. Estimate the weight ratio of net hydrogen to carbon in the coal.
1. A typical high-grade semi-bituminous coal has been
b. Estimate the ultimate analysis of this coal on an ash- and
found to 16.8% volatile matter and 83.2% fixed carbon
moisture-free basis, on the assumption that the nitrogen content
on an ash- and moisture-free basis. On the same basis
is 1.2%.
the heating value is 15,880 BTU/lb, and the sulfur
content is 0.79%.
4. A billet-preheating furnace uses a coal containing 74.0% C, 4.8%
a. Estimate the weight ratio of net hydrogen
H, 9.4% ash, and negligible S and N. This furnace fired with 50%
to carbon in the coal.
excess air.
b. Estimate the ultimate analysis of this coal
a. Calculate the flue-gas analysis on the assumption of complete
on an ash- and moisture-free basis, on the
combustion.
assumption that the nitrogen content is
b. Repeat on the assumption that 10% of the carbon burns to CO
1.2%.
only.
2. A boiler is fired with a coal containing 76.0% C and
1. A furnace is fired with coal with the following proximate
8.1% ash, burnt under conditions such that elimination
analysis: 5% M, 60% FC, 25% VCM and 10% ash. Its calorific value
of combustible matter from the refuse is complete.
is 31.33 MJ/kg. Calculate the % VCM lost, %C lost in the refuse is
The air enters the furnace at 900F and is 80% saturated
the refuse analyzes:
with water vapor at this temperature. The sulfur and
a. 25% FC, 4% VCM, 71% ash
nitrogen in the coal are negligible. The flue gases go to
b. 14.4% FC, 6% VCM, 79.6% ash
the stack at 1 atm and 6400F. The average flue-gas
c. 19.6% C, 80.4% ash
 analysis shows 12.6% CO2, 6.2% O2, and 1.0% CO. 8. Which of the following is the correct equation for % excess air:
Calculate the following: a. x’ss O2 x 100 c. ______x’ss O2______ x 100
a. Percent of net hydrogen in the coal. theo air supplied O2 – theo O2
b. Percent excess air used in the furnace. b. supplied O2 – theo O2 x 100 d. Both a and b
c. Ultimate analysis of the coal. theo O2
d. Cubic feet of wet flue gases going to the
stack per pound of coal fired. 9. Who proposed an equation relating the vapor pressure to the
e. Cubic feet of wet air entering the furnace temperature condition of the system or the mixture?
per pound of coal fired. a. Antoine b. Amagat c. Dalton d. Raoult

4. A coal consisting of 72% C, 10% ash, negligible nitrogen 10. The following are usually done in order to make the reaction
and sulfur, and the remainder net hydrogen and water of combustion faster.
(combined and moisture) is burned completely with a. temperature is increased c. pulverizing the coal
dry air. The Orsat analysis of the flue gas is 8.50% CO2, b. liquid spraying the fuel d. none of the above
4.25% CO, 7.45% O2, and 79.8% N2. The flue gases 11. Which of the following will not produce a diffusion flame?
leave at 750 mmHg. Calculate the following: a. diesel engine c. gasoline engine
a. The net hydrogen and water in the coal b. gasoline engine d. gas turbines
b. The partial pressure of water in the flue
gases 12. He drove a rocket powered car which reached a speed of 125
c. The percentage excess air. mph in Germany of 1928.
a. Osamu Nagano c. Tsiolkovsky
5. The products and by products from coal combustion b. Opel d. Goddard
can create environmental problems if the combustion
process is not carried out properly. A fuel analyzing 13. Deflagration means
74% C, 14% H, and 12% ash is burned to yield a flue gas a. combustion reaction c. thin region of rapid
containing 12.4% CO2, 1.2% CO, 5.7% O2, and 80.7% N2 exothermic rxn
on a dry basis. Your boss asks you to determine: b. sudden explosion d. rate of reaction zone
a. The lb of coal fired per 100 lb mol of flue
gas 14. A type of design of boiler where the flue gas flows inside the
b. The percent excess air used tubes.
c. The lb of air used per lb of coal a. fire-tube boiler c. water tube boiler
d. Will the calculations be valid? Explain. b. kettle boiler d. steam turbine

1. A type of gaseous fuel which is said to be clean burning type of 15. He pioneered the work of the first commercial steam turbine
fuel and emits lower levels of potentially harmful by-products into (5 hp).
the air. a. George Herman Babcock c. Gustaf de Laval
a. Producer Gas c. Natural Gas b. Stephen Wilcox d. John Barber
b. Lurgi Gas d. Wood Gas
16. In 1905 the Frenchmen Chrales Lemale and ____________
2. It is made by letting coal partially burn to CO and then using CO used a 25 stage Brwn Bovari centrifugal compressor (running at
as fuel. 4000 rpm, absorbing 325 hp, and giving a 3/1 pressure ratio.
a. Wood Gas c. Oil Gas a. Rene Armengaud c. Gustaf de Laval
b. Natural Gas d. Fossil Fuel b. Stephen Wilcox d. John Barber

3. A manufacture gas from coal by gasification in air and steam. 17. Usually found compressed in porous rocks and shale
a. Lurgi Gas c. Water Gas formations sealed in rock strata below the ground.
b. Blast Furnace Gas d. Producer Gas a. fossil fuel c. peat
b. coal d. natural gas
4. A colorless, flammable gas with an odor similar to garlic.
a. Ethylene c. Nitrogen 18. It is largely produced in the environment which causes global
b. Oxygen d. Acetylene warming
a. carbon monoxide c. carbon dioxide
5. Otherwise known as Blue Gas. b. oxygen d. sulfur dioxide
a. Lurgi Gas c. Water Gas
b. Blast Furnace Gas d. Producer Gas 19. He begun the direct measurements of carbon dioxide at the
Mauna Loa Observatory in 1958.
6. The following are the description of combustion except: a. Rene Armengaud c. Gustaf de Laval
a. oxidation takes place b. Stephen Wilcox d. Charles Keeling
b. reactants are nitrogen and fuel
c. accompanied by the evolution of light and heat 20. This theory originates from the work on the structure of
d. none of the above detonations.
a. Zeldovich-Doring-von Neumann c. combustion
7. Oxygen required for complete combustion to take place. b. Phlogiston d. Laminar flame
a. Theoretical Air c. Excess Air model
b. Theoretical Oxygen d. Excess Oxygen
21. All the energy from earth came from the.
a. man c. star
b. sun d. environment

22. Before 1850, this became the primary worldwide fuel

a. natural gas c. wood
b. oil d. coal

23. What does OPEC stands for?

24. The type of oil that is used as a lubricant prior to crude oil use.
a. spermaceti b. tar oil c. stearin d. whale oil
25. Benjamin Thompson experimented with over ______ different
lamp designs.
a. 1 b. 10 c. 100 d. 1000

26. Oil obtained from the head of sperm whales.

a. spermaceti b. tar oil c. stearin d. whale oil

27. This is a soft, white odorless solid found in many natural fats.
a. spermaceti b. tar oil c. stearin d. whale oil

28. In 1930s, this was used in particulate control.

a. electrostatic precipitator c. cyclone collectors
b. fabric filters d. baghouse

29. He built the four stroke internal combustion engine

a. Rudolf Diesel c. Niklaus August Otto
b. Stephen Wilcox d. John Barber

30. The first diesel powered submarines were developed in ____

of German and British Companies.
a. 1910 b. 1921 c. 1920 d. 1911

31. He wrote the Future Developments in Aircraft Design

a. Hans von Ohain c. Tokiyashu Tanegashima
b. Frank Whittle d. Ernst Heinkel

32. He pioneered the aircraft gas turbines in prewar Germany.

a. Hans von Ohain c. Tokiyashu Tanegashima
b. Frank Whittle d. Ernst Heinkel

33. One of those who developed the first gas turbine in Japan.
a. Hans von Ohain c. Tokiyashu Tanegashima
b. Frank Whittle d. Ernst Heinkel

34. In 1903, it is the first city to have a central power station

designed exclusively for steam turbines.
a. Ohio c. Chicago
b. Oklahoma d. Rhode Island

35. He invented the electrostatic precipitator

a. Lenoir c. Clark
b. Cottrell d. Diesel