An Educational Numerical Methods Package PDF

UNIVERSITY OF JORDAN
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
B. SC. GRADUATION PROJECT

"AN EDUCATIONAL NUMERICAL METHODS PACKAGE FOR
SOLVING PARTIAL-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS"
BY : YOUSOF H. KUTKUT
ADVISOR : DR. SOUHEIL F. ODEH
MAY 1994
AMMAN - JORDAN
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PREFACE
This project was proposed by Dr. Souheil F. Odeh as a graduation requirement
from the E.E. Department at the University of Jordan, it was one among many other
projects proposed by faculty members in the Department at that time.
It was originally proposed under the name, start of quote "All the learned1 numerical
methods for solving Elliptic, Parabolic, and Hyperbolic PDEs will be programmed and
integrated into a user-friendly interactive educational software package written in C. The
Elliptic type must include Dirichlet, Neumann, and Mixed Boundary Value Problems.
The software must utilize the various techniques such as Gauss-Seidel, A.D.I. method,
Direct method, and the Crank-Nicolson method." end of quote.
I chose this project to be my graduation project since I like working on numerical

methods, and I realized that there's extensive use of Partial-Differential Equations (PDEs)
in almost all scientific fields. Before taking this project I had no idea about anything even
related to the C language, so I started from scratch and learned what I needed in order to
accomplish my task. The compiler used was Borland C version 3.1, and I used the project
facility presented in that version for multi-file projects.
Working on the project I found that there was a great number of cases of PDEs and
various numerical methods that gave optimal solutions for numerous cases, that were not
originally required by the assigned project, in spite of that I decided to program as much
of these as possible so the user2 of the package would be able to solve his/her problem in
as many different numerical methods as possible. Taking generality of the cases presented
and memory requirements into consideration, the package ended in giving the user 150
options to choose from.
A user-friendly and educational approach was also taken into consideration while
programming the package, even though some numerical methods gave faster and more
accurate results than others, the user was given the choice to use any of the numerical
methods3 he/she wishes for solving his/her PDE.
All numerical methods used were of iterative nature due to the extreme advantages gained
when using iterative methods in solving PDEs by Finite-Difference. The direct method
was not presented as an option. The reasons behind undertaking this approach are
clarified in the Introduction.
1: According to [5] under numerical methods for solving PDEs, pp. 1082 - 1106.
2: Emphasizing on the problems that are usually encountered in the engineering field.
3: Complete listing of all numerical methods used and PDE cases encountered are given in Chapter 1.
KUTKUT'S NUMERICAL PDE SOLVER BY FINITE-DIFFERENCE

PREFACE IV
Acknowledgments are a bore for the reader, but a source of true pleasure to the author. In
spite of my desire for pleasure, omissions from this list were inevitable, and for this I
apologize.
I wish to extend my depth of gratitude to the following people:
To Dr. Souheil Odeh for his continuous guidance and efforts throughout my study in the
E.E. Department at the University of Jordan and in particular during the work on this
project.
To All faculty members in the E.E. Department at the University of Jordan, to whom I
owe a great deal, for their helping me to see beyond what one usually expects to see.
Also to my friends Bashar Arafeh, Nael Shabaro, Ra'ed Al-Zyoud, Rami Odwan, Ayman
Hamed and Ali Ghrayeb who have been a supporting hand all throughout.
Lastly but certainly mostly, to my parents who have been all that I could ever ask for, and
for putting up with me through all my ups and downs.
Yousof H. Kutkut

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STATEMENT
The work described in this project has been carried out entirely by the author under the
supervision of Dr. Souheil Odeh in the department of Electrical Engineering, University
of Jordan. Except where reference is made to other authors, the work presented is
original.
......................................
Yousof H. Kutkut
......................................
Dr. Souheil F. Odeh
Date ..................................

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********************************************************************************
Wellcome to Y. H. Kutkut's Numerical PDE Solver
Using the Finite Difference Method for solving PDEs
Your choice was
1: Elliptic Partial Differential Equation
Your choice was
1: Dirichlet Problem - First Boundary Value Problem

- Regular boundaries
Your choice was
1 : Laplace eqn :constant boundaries
This program will use the average of the boundary values you enter as a guide
to the most appropriate value needed for initialization of the internal mesh
points, and the corner points of the grid will take the average values of the
boundaries that surround them - if you are not asked to enter them -
Grid dimensions -regular boundaries- as entered by user
Grid horizontal length is 20.00000

Grid vertical length is 10.00000
Mesh size -h- is 5.00000
The # of internal mesh points is 3
The # of mesh points that we'll be operating on

including the ones on the boundary is:
For 5 point approximations 11
Your choice was
2 : Gauss-Seidel iterative method for solving systems of eqs

Liebmann's Method - using 5 point approximation
Number of iterations needed was 6 for 1.00000e-03 tolerance
The array will look like this

From the upper to the lower side
rows= 3
columns= 5
row # 3
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5.00000e+01
row # 2
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1.00000e+02

row # 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01
Local time is: Wed Apr 20 07:06:20 1994
Thank you for using Kutkut's Numerical PDE Solver

February, 1994 Amman - Jordan

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********************************************************************************
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was


Your choice was


rows= 5
columns= 9
row # 5
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row # 3
0.00000e+00 4.98599e-01 1.28869e+00 2.83124e+00
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row # 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01


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********************************************************************************
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was


Your choice was


rows= 3
columns= 5
row # 3
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5.00000e+01
row # 2
0.00000e+00 1.08694e+00 5.43478e+00 2.60870e+01
1.00000e+02

row # 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01


)RU K FP
********************************************************************************
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was


Your choice was


rows= 5
columns= 9
row # 5
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row # 3
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row # 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01


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********************************************************************************
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was


Your choice was
6 : Successive Overrelaxation method using an optimum S.O.R. factor

using 5 point approximation
The optimum value of the S.O.R. factor used is, w = 1.266812
The number of iterations needed was 12 for 1.00000e-03 tolerance

rows= 5
columns= 9
row # 5
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row # 3
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row # 2
0.00000e+00 3.52633e-01 9.12706e-01 2.00998e+00
4.29554e+00 9.15309e+00 1.96631e+01 4.32101e+01
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row # 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01


)RU K FP
********************************************************************************
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was


Your choice was


rows= 5
columns= 9
row # 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01

row # 4
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row # 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01


)RU K FP
********************************************************************************
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was


Your choice was


rows= 9
columns= 17
row # 9
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row # 8
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row # 6
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row # 5
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row # 4
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row # 3
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row # 2
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row # 1
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0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01
Local time is: Thu Apr 21 02:10:52 1994


)RU K FP
*****************************************************************************
***
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was


Your choice was


rows= 9
columns= 17
row # 9
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row # 8
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row # 2
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Local time is: Thu Apr 21 02:12:59 1994


)RU K FP
• $', ZLWKRXW S IDFWRU
*****************************************************************************
***
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was


Your choice was
9 : using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) without P

factor

rows= 9
columns= 17
row # 9
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5.00000e+01

row # 8
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row # 7
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row # 3
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row # 2
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5.00000e+01
Local time is: Sat Apr 23 01:47:11 1994


)RU K FP
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*****************************************************************************
***
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was


Your choice was
11: using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) with optimum

P factor
The optimum value of P for maximum rate of convergence is, p = 0.390181

rows= 9
columns= 17
row # 9
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0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01

row # 8
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1.07321e+01 1.66376e+01 2.70966e+01 4.83360e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 7
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1.00000e+02
row # 6
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1.00000e+02
row # 5
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1.00000e+02
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1.00000e+02
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row # 2
0.00000e+00 7.73211e-02 1.66372e-01 2.80807e-01
4.38010e-01 6.62026e-01 9.87134e-01 1.46347e+00
2.16532e+00 3.20477e+00 4.75546e+00 7.09936e+00
1.07321e+01 1.66376e+01 2.70966e+01 4.83360e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01


)RU K FP
• $', ZLWK S IDFWRU
*****************************************************************************
***
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was


Your choice was
10: using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) with the user
entering his/her P factor
The proper choice of the parameter P can accelerate the convergence
If your value of P is far from the optimum value then instead of having the
same number of iterations near to SOR they will be increased, since the
individual
iteration steps in ADI are much more complicated than in SOR, the ADI method
would appear to be inferior, this is certainly true if we choose the same
parameter P in every iteration step, the trick is to choose a different P for
each step-this will not be done by this program,the P you enter is the one that
will be used - also notice that the iteration number to be indicated is after
going through all rows and all columns for that iterational step
For the value of P entered, p = 1.500000


rows= 9
columns= 17
row # 9
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01
row # 8
0.00000e+00 7.74051e-02 1.66577e-01 2.81082e-01
4.38359e-01 6.62414e-01 9.87563e-01 1.46391e+00
2.16577e+00 3.20521e+00 4.75588e+00 7.09973e+00
1.07325e+01 1.66378e+01 2.70968e+01 4.83361e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 7
0.00000e+00 1.43026e-01 3.07788e-01 5.19342e-01
8.09880e-01 1.22367e+00 1.82385e+00 2.70224e+00
3.99388e+00 5.89912e+00 8.71852e+00 1.29105e+01
1.91922e+01 2.87221e+01 4.34131e+01 6.62476e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 6
0.00000e+00 1.86869e-01 4.02131e-01 6.78507e-01
1.05802e+00 1.59839e+00 2.38178e+00 3.52718e+00
5.20823e+00 7.67871e+00 1.13084e+01 1.66315e+01
2.44036e+01 3.56453e+01 5.15857e+01 7.32412e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 5
0.00000e+00 2.02263e-01 4.35255e-01 7.34386e-01
1.14513e+00 1.72989e+00 2.57748e+00 3.81625e+00
5.63294e+00 8.29884e+00 1.22048e+01 1.79033e+01
2.61451e+01 3.78697e+01 5.40432e+01 7.51314e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 4
0.00000e+00 1.86875e-01 4.02142e-01 6.78521e-01
1.05804e+00 1.59841e+00 2.38180e+00 3.52720e+00
5.20825e+00 7.67873e+00 1.13084e+01 1.66315e+01
2.44036e+01 3.56453e+01 5.15857e+01 7.32412e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 3
0.00000e+00 1.43039e-01 3.07813e-01 5.19374e-01
8.09919e-01 1.22371e+00 1.82389e+00 2.70229e+00
3.99392e+00 5.89916e+00 8.71857e+00 1.29106e+01
1.91922e+01 2.87222e+01 4.34131e+01 6.62476e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 2
0.00000e+00 7.74175e-02 1.66600e-01 2.81111e-01
4.38394e-01 6.62452e-01 9.87600e-01 1.46395e+00
2.16581e+00 3.20525e+00 4.75592e+00 7.09977e+00
1.07325e+01 1.66379e+01 2.70968e+01 4.83361e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01


)RU K FP
• $', ZLWK S IDFWRU
*****************************************************************************
***
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was


Your choice was
10: using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) with the user
entering his/her P factor
The proper choice of the parameter P can accelerate the convergence
If your value of P is far from the optimum value then instead of having the
same number of iterations near to SOR they will be increased, since the
individual
iteration steps in ADI are much more complicated than in SOR, the ADI method
would appear to be inferior, this is certainly true if we choose the same
parameter P in every iteration step, the trick is to choose a different P for
each step-this will not be done by this program,the P you enter is the one
that
will be used - also notice that the iteration number to be indicated is after
going through all rows and all columns for that iterational step
For the value of P entered, p = 1.100000



rows= 9
columns= 17
row # 9
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01
row # 8
0.00000e+00 7.73736e-02 1.66516e-01 2.80994e-01
4.38249e-01 6.62285e-01 9.87419e-01 1.46376e+00
2.16562e+00 3.20506e+00 4.75574e+00 7.09960e+00
1.07323e+01 1.66378e+01 2.70967e+01 4.83361e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 7
0.00000e+00 1.42968e-01 3.07676e-01 5.19180e-01
8.09679e-01 1.22343e+00 1.82359e+00 2.70197e+00
3.99360e+00 5.89885e+00 8.71827e+00 1.29103e+01
1.91920e+01 2.87220e+01 4.34129e+01 6.62475e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 6
0.00000e+00 1.86795e-01 4.01987e-01 6.78298e-01
1.05776e+00 1.59808e+00 2.38144e+00 3.52682e+00
5.20787e+00 7.67836e+00 1.13081e+01 1.66312e+01
2.44033e+01 3.56451e+01 5.15856e+01 7.32411e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 5
0.00000e+00 2.02187e-01 4.35105e-01 7.34171e-01
1.14485e+00 1.72958e+00 2.57712e+00 3.81588e+00
5.63256e+00 8.29847e+00 1.22044e+01 1.79029e+01
2.61448e+01 3.78695e+01 5.40430e+01 7.51313e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 4
0.00000e+00 1.86801e-01 4.02000e-01 6.78314e-01
1.05778e+00 1.59811e+00 2.38146e+00 3.52684e+00
5.20789e+00 7.67838e+00 1.13081e+01 1.66312e+01
2.44033e+01 3.56451e+01 5.15856e+01 7.32411e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 3
0.00000e+00 1.42979e-01 3.07696e-01 5.19207e-01
8.09709e-01 1.22347e+00 1.82363e+00 2.70200e+00
3.99363e+00 5.89888e+00 8.71830e+00 1.29103e+01
1.91920e+01 2.87220e+01 4.34130e+01 6.62475e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 2
0.00000e+00 7.73845e-02 1.66535e-01 2.81019e-01
4.38278e-01 6.62318e-01 9.87451e-01 1.46379e+00
2.16565e+00 3.20510e+00 4.75578e+00 7.09963e+00
1.07324e+01 1.66378e+01 2.70967e+01 4.83361e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
5.00000e+01


6ROXWLRQ IRU WKH 0L[HG SUREOHP ZLWK WROHUDQFH
)RU K FP ZLWK WKH ORZHU HGJH LQVXODWHG DQG WKH RWKHU ERXQGDU\ FRQGLWLRQV
UHPDLQLQJ DV WKH\ DUH ,QLWLDOL]LQJ WKH LQWHUQDO PHVK SRLQWV WR
• -DFREL SRLQW DSSUR[LPDWLRQ
*****************************************************************************
***
Your choice was
Your choice was
3: Neumann Problem - Second Boundary Value Problem
Your choice was
1: Laplace eqn :Neumann Problem

Your choice was
1: Jacobi iterative method for solving systems of eqs

using 5 point approximation method
The four boundaries were not expressed as derivatives

And you selected ( solving a Neumann Problem ), when the four
boundaries are expressed as derivatives then the Elliptic eqn
is a Second Order Boundary Value Problem or a Neumann Problem
You have a Problem with Nomenclature, be careful !!!
I will continue solving your Mixed Problem
The number of internal mesh points is 28
The number of total mesh points used in calculatios including fictious

when present is 50

rows= 5
columns= 9
row # 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
1.00000e+02

row # 4
0.00000e+00 1.74148e+00 3.76863e+00 6.43772e+00
1.02945e+01 1.63571e+01 2.69305e+01 4.82588e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 3
0.00000e+00 3.19721e+00 6.89528e+00 1.16876e+01
1.83831e+01 2.82035e+01 4.31058e+01 6.61049e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 2
0.00000e+00 4.15196e+00 8.92745e+00 1.50341e+01
2.33466e+01 3.49678e+01 5.11843e+01 7.30547e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 1
0.00000e+00 4.48309e+00 9.62818e+00 1.61745e+01
2.50012e+01 3.71364e+01 5.36087e+01 7.49296e+01
1.00000e+02
Local time is: Sun Apr 24 04:28:32 1994


********************************************************************************
Your choice was
Your choice was
4: Mixed Problem
Your choice was
1: Laplace eqn :Mixed Problem

Your choice was
2: Gauss-Seidel iterative method for solving systems of eqs

Liebmann's Method - using 5 point approximation method

when present is 50

rows= 5
columns= 9
row # 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
1.00000e+02
row # 4
0.00000e+00 1.74138e+00 3.76846e+00 6.43749e+00
1.02943e+01 1.63569e+01 2.69303e+01 4.82587e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 3
0.00000e+00 3.19703e+00 6.89495e+00 1.16872e+01
1.83827e+01 2.82031e+01 4.31055e+01 6.61047e+01
1.00000e+02

row # 2
0.00000e+00 4.15175e+00 8.92704e+00 1.50336e+01
2.33460e+01 3.49672e+01 5.11839e+01 7.30545e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 1
0.00000e+00 4.48285e+00 9.62776e+00 1.61739e+01
2.50005e+01 3.71359e+01 5.36083e+01 7.49293e+01
1.00000e+02


********************************************************************************
Your choice was
Your choice was
4: Mixed Problem
Your choice was
1: Laplace eqn :Mixed Problem

Your choice was
3: Successive Overrelaxation method using an optimum S.O.R factor

using 5 point approximation method

when present is 50

rows= 5
columns= 9
row # 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
1.00000e+02
row # 4
0.00000e+00 1.74133e+00 3.76838e+00 6.43739e+00
1.02942e+01 1.63568e+01 2.69302e+01 4.82587e+01
1.00000e+02

row # 3
0.00000e+00 3.19695e+00 6.89480e+00 1.16870e+01
1.83825e+01 2.82029e+01 4.31054e+01 6.61046e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 2
0.00000e+00 4.15164e+00 8.92683e+00 1.50333e+01
2.33457e+01 3.49670e+01 5.11837e+01 7.30544e+01
1.00000e+02
row # 1
0.00000e+00 4.48273e+00 9.62754e+00 1.61736e+01
2.50002e+01 3.71356e+01 5.36081e+01 7.49292e+01
1.00000e+02

February, 1994 Amman – Jordan

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DYRLG WKH XVH RI DZNZDUG GLIIHUHQWLDWLRQ IRUPXODH QHDU WKH FXUYHG ERXQGDULHV LI WKH
ERXQGDU\ FRQGLWLRQV LQYROYH QRUPDO GHULYDWLYHV JUHDW FRPSOLFDWLRQV DULVH LQ XVLQJ WKH
ILQLWHGLIIHUHQFH PHWKRG WKH ILQLWHHOHPHQW PHWKRG ZRXOG EH PRUH DSSURSULDWH WR XVH LQ
WKLV FDVH DQG IRU LUUHJXODU ERXQGDULHV LQ JHQHUDO
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∂ X ∂X ∂ X
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∂ U U ∂U U

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U LK L DQG WKH VWUDLJKW OLQHV θ = Mδθ M ZH FRXOG WKHQ ZULWH D
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(1 − )ui −1,j +(1 + )ui +1,j − 2 {1 + } +
2 ui,j 2 ui,j −1
+ ui,j +1 = 0
2i 2i (iδθ) (iδθ) (iδθ)2
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ERXQGDU\ YDOXHV DUH DVVXPHG WR EH NQRZQ WKHQ WKH HTXDWLRQV FDQ EH GLUHFWO\ VROYHG
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PHWKRGV IRU GLIIHUHQW PHVK VL]HV 6R WKH UHDGHU FRXOG EH DEOH WR VHH WKH GLIIHUHQFH
EHWZHHQ WKHVH PHWKRGV WKH DFFXUDF\ DQG WKH QXPEHU RI LWHUDWLRQV QHHGHG E\ HDFK
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KHOG DW R& ZKLOH WKH FLUFXPIHUHQFH LV KHOG DW R& :H GHVLUH WKH VWHDG\VWDWH
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'LVFXVVHG RQ S

π
$QG ∆r = 0.2 DQG ∆θ =
8
• -DFREL S
• *DXVV6HLGHO S
6ROYH LI WKH SODWH ZDV FLUFXODU

:LWK ERXQGDULHV
8SSHU OHIW R&

/RZHU OHIW R&
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π
$QG ∆ U = DQG ∆θ =

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• *DXVV6HLGHO S

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π
$QG ∆r = 0.2 DQG ∆θ =
8
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********************************************************************************
Your choice was
Your choice was

- Irregular boundaries
Your choice was
2: Laplace eqn, irregular boundary :using Jacobi

semi-circle :constant boundaries
Dimensions of semi-circle -irregular boundaries- as entered by user
Radius of semi-circle is 1.00000

The increment of the angle in degrees is 22.50000
The increment for r, that the program will use is 0.20000
The # of internal mesh points is: 28

including the ones on the boundaries is: 46

From the R = radius inwards for each angle at a time
6 cases were taken for R

9 cases were taken for the angle from 0 to 180
For angle= 0.00

5.00000e+01 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
For angle= 22.50

1.00000e+02 6.36788e+01 3.91655e+01 2.23732e+01
1.01433e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 45.00

1.00000e+02 7.94592e+01 5.80587e+01 3.74563e+01
1.82384e+01 0.00000e+00

For angle= 67.50

1.00000e+02 8.44251e+01 6.61265e+01 4.55421e+01
2.32938e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 90.00

1.00000e+02 8.56617e+01 6.83719e+01 4.80465e+01
2.49965e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 112.50

1.00000e+02 8.44248e+01 6.61265e+01 4.55418e+01
2.32928e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 135.00

1.00000e+02 7.94591e+01 5.80581e+01 3.74555e+01
1.82381e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 157.50

1.00000e+02 6.36786e+01 3.91651e+01 2.23728e+01
1.01427e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 180.00

5.00000e+01 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00


6ROXWLRQ IRU WKH 'LULFKOHW VHPLFLUFXODU SUREOHP ZLWK WROHUDQFH

π
$QG ∆r = 0.2 DQG ∆θ =
8
• *DXVV6HLGHO
********************************************************************************
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was
1: Laplace eqn, irregular boundary :using Gauss-Seidel

semi-circle :constant boundaries
Dimensions of semi-circle -irregular boundaries- as entered by user




For angle= 0.00

5.00000e+01 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
For angle= 22.50

1.00000e+02 6.36783e+01 3.91646e+01 2.23722e+01
1.01421e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 45.00

1.00000e+02 7.94585e+01 5.80571e+01 3.74539e+01
1.82364e+01 0.00000e+00

For angle= 67.50

1.00000e+02 8.44239e+01 6.61245e+01 4.55390e+01
2.32905e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 90.00

1.00000e+02 8.56604e+01 6.83694e+01 4.80435e+01
2.49930e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 112.50

1.00000e+02 8.44237e+01 6.61242e+01 4.55385e+01
2.32899e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 135.00

1.00000e+02 7.94582e+01 5.80565e+01 3.74531e+01
1.82354e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 157.50

1.00000e+02 6.36781e+01 3.91641e+01 2.23716e+01
1.01413e+01 0.00000e+00
For angle= 180.00

5.00000e+01 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00


6ROXWLRQ IRU WKH 'LULFKOHW FLUFXODU SUREOHP ZLWK WROHUDQFH

π
$QG ∆ U = DQG ∆θ =

• -DFREL
********************************************************************************
Your choice was
Your choice was

Your choice was
4: Laplace eqn, irregular boundary :using Jacobi

circle :constant boundaries
Dimensions of circle -irregular boundaries- as entered by user




For angle= 0.00

5.00000e+01 4.99997e+01 4.99993e+01 4.99992e+01
4.99984e+01 4.99979e+01 4.99981e+01 4.99967e+01
4.99960e+01 4.99961e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 11.25

0.00000e+00 1.73638e+01 2.82904e+01 3.53777e+01
4.01664e+01 4.35410e+01 4.59923e+01 4.77762e+01
4.90112e+01 4.97475e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 22.50

0.00000e+00 9.73686e+00 1.88335e+01 2.67019e+01
3.32392e+01 3.85366e+01 4.27260e+01 4.59184e+01
4.81805e+01 4.95376e+01 4.99955e+01

For angle= 33.75

0.00000e+00 7.37748e+00 1.50216e+01 2.24856e+01
2.94028e+01 3.55122e+01 4.06450e+01 4.47001e+01
4.76267e+01 4.93985e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 45.00

0.00000e+00 6.79169e+00 1.39849e+01 2.12410e+01
2.81952e+01 3.45138e+01 3.99351e+01 4.42783e+01
4.74333e+01 4.93484e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 56.25

0.00000e+00 7.37748e+00 1.50218e+01 2.24853e+01
2.94028e+01 3.55127e+01 4.06443e+01 4.47001e+01
4.76277e+01 4.93975e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 67.50

0.00000e+00 9.73686e+00 1.88333e+01 2.67023e+01
3.32392e+01 3.85360e+01 4.27267e+01 4.59185e+01
4.81795e+01 4.95386e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 78.75

0.00000e+00 1.73638e+01 2.82904e+01 3.53777e+01
4.01664e+01 4.35410e+01 4.59923e+01 4.77762e+01
4.90112e+01 4.97475e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 90.00

5.00000e+01 4.99997e+01 4.99995e+01 4.99989e+01
4.99984e+01 4.99985e+01 4.99974e+01 4.99967e+01
4.99970e+01 4.99952e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 101.25

1.00000e+02 8.26357e+01 7.17082e+01 6.46204e+01
5.98309e+01 5.64549e+01 5.40032e+01 5.22181e+01
5.09808e+01 5.02439e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 112.50

1.00000e+02 9.02626e+01 8.11654e+01 7.32959e+01
6.67582e+01 6.14599e+01 5.72688e+01 5.40759e+01
5.18125e+01 5.04528e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 123.75

1.00000e+02 9.26219e+01 8.49772e+01 7.75125e+01
7.05941e+01 6.44843e+01 5.93504e+01 5.52934e+01
5.23663e+01 5.05929e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 135.00

1.00000e+02 9.32077e+01 8.60137e+01 7.87571e+01
7.18022e+01 6.54821e+01 6.00604e+01 5.57160e+01
5.25587e+01 5.06430e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 146.25

1.00000e+02 9.26220e+01 8.49770e+01 7.75125e+01
7.05946e+01 6.44837e+01 5.93504e+01 5.52942e+01
5.23653e+01 5.05929e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 157.50

1.00000e+02 9.02625e+01 8.11656e+01 7.32959e+01
6.67577e+01 6.14605e+01 5.72688e+01 5.40750e+01
5.18134e+01 5.04528e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 168.75

1.00000e+02 8.26357e+01 7.17082e+01 6.46204e+01
5.98309e+01 5.64549e+01 5.40032e+01 5.22181e+01
5.09808e+01 5.02439e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 180.00

5.00000e+01 4.99998e+01 4.99993e+01 4.99989e+01
4.99989e+01 4.99980e+01 4.99974e+01 4.99976e+01
4.99960e+01 4.99952e+01 4.99955e+01

For angle= 191.25

0.00000e+00 1.73637e+01 2.82906e+01 3.53777e+01
4.01660e+01 4.35416e+01 4.59923e+01 4.77754e+01
4.90122e+01 4.97475e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 202.50

0.00000e+00 9.73686e+00 1.88333e+01 2.67023e+01
3.32392e+01 3.85360e+01 4.27267e+01 4.59185e+01
4.81796e+01 4.95386e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 213.75

0.00000e+00 7.37758e+00 1.50216e+01 2.24853e+01
2.94032e+01 3.55122e+01 4.06443e+01 4.47010e+01
4.76267e+01 4.93976e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 225.00

0.00000e+00 6.79159e+00 1.39851e+01 2.12410e+01
2.81947e+01 3.45143e+01 3.99351e+01 4.42775e+01
4.74343e+01 4.93484e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 236.25

0.00000e+00 7.37748e+00 1.50216e+01 2.24856e+01
2.94028e+01 3.55122e+01 4.06450e+01 4.47001e+01
4.76267e+01 4.93985e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 247.50

0.00000e+00 9.73696e+00 1.88333e+01 2.67019e+01
3.32396e+01 3.85360e+01 4.27260e+01 4.59193e+01
4.81795e+01 4.95376e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 258.75

0.00000e+00 1.73637e+01 2.82906e+01 3.53777e+01
4.01660e+01 4.35416e+01 4.59923e+01 4.77754e+01
4.90122e+01 4.97475e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 270.00

5.00000e+01 4.99997e+01 4.99993e+01 4.99992e+01
4.99984e+01 4.99979e+01 4.99981e+01 4.99967e+01
4.99960e+01 4.99962e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 281.25

1.00000e+02 8.26358e+01 7.17082e+01 6.46201e+01
5.98314e+01 5.64549e+01 5.40024e+01 5.22190e+01
5.09808e+01 5.02429e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 292.50

1.00000e+02 9.02625e+01 8.11655e+01 7.32959e+01
6.67577e+01 6.14604e+01 5.72687e+01 5.40750e+01
5.18134e+01 5.04528e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 303.75

1.00000e+02 9.26219e+01 8.49770e+01 7.75128e+01
7.05941e+01 6.44837e+01 5.93511e+01 5.52933e+01
5.23653e+01 5.05938e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 315.00

1.00000e+02 9.32078e+01 8.60137e+01 7.87568e+01
7.18026e+01 6.54821e+01 6.00597e+01 5.57169e+01
5.25587e+01 5.06420e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 326.25

1.00000e+02 9.26219e+01 8.49772e+01 7.75125e+01
7.05941e+01 6.44843e+01 5.93504e+01 5.52933e+01
5.23662e+01 5.05928e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 337.50

1.00000e+02 9.02625e+01 8.11653e+01 7.32962e+01
6.67577e+01 6.14599e+01 5.72694e+01 5.40750e+01
5.18124e+01 5.04537e+01 4.99955e+01

For angle= 348.75

1.00000e+02 8.26358e+01 7.17082e+01 6.46201e+01
5.98313e+01 5.64549e+01 5.40024e+01 5.22190e+01
5.09808e+01 5.02429e+01 4.99955e+01
For angle= 360.00

5.00000e+01 4.99997e+01 4.99993e+01 4.99992e+01
4.99984e+01 4.99979e+01 4.99981e+01 4.99967e+01
4.99960e+01 4.99961e+01 4.99955e+01


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For angle= 0.00

5.00000e+01 4.99967e+01 4.99931e+01 4.99890e+01
4.99846e+01 4.99797e+01 4.99744e+01 4.99688e+01
4.99631e+01 4.99586e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 11.25

0.00000e+00 1.73607e+01 2.82842e+01 3.53679e+01
4.01522e+01 4.35229e+01 4.59695e+01 4.77475e+01
4.89785e+01 4.97111e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 22.50

0.00000e+00 9.73388e+00 1.88270e+01 2.66920e+01
3.32252e+01 3.85177e+01 4.27030e+01 4.58906e+01
4.81469e+01 4.95015e+01 4.99654e+01

For angle= 33.75

0.00000e+00 7.37443e+00 1.50151e+01 2.24751e+01
2.93886e+01 3.54936e+01 4.06212e+01 4.46723e+01
4.75943e+01 4.93618e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 45.00

0.00000e+00 6.78848e+00 1.39783e+01 2.12306e+01
2.81803e+01 3.44950e+01 3.99119e+01 4.42497e+01
4.74012e+01 4.93132e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 56.25

0.00000e+00 7.37435e+00 1.50150e+01 2.24748e+01
2.93883e+01 3.54935e+01 4.06213e+01 4.46728e+01
4.75954e+01 4.93633e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 67.50

0.00000e+00 9.73376e+00 1.88267e+01 2.66916e+01
3.32249e+01 3.85177e+01 4.27036e+01 4.58920e+01
4.81494e+01 4.95047e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 78.75

0.00000e+00 1.73607e+01 2.82842e+01 3.53678e+01
4.01524e+01 4.35235e+01 4.59710e+01 4.77503e+01
4.89827e+01 4.97162e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 90.00

5.00000e+01 4.99969e+01 4.99935e+01 4.99898e+01
4.99859e+01 4.99818e+01 4.99777e+01 4.99736e+01
4.99696e+01 4.99658e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 101.25

1.00000e+02 8.26333e+01 7.17030e+01 6.46121e+01
5.98198e+01 5.64406e+01 5.39849e+01 5.21974e+01
5.09568e+01 5.02156e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 112.50

1.00000e+02 9.02605e+01 8.11611e+01 7.32891e+01
6.67483e+01 6.14477e+01 5.72537e+01 5.40570e+01
5.17911e+01 5.04276e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 123.75

1.00000e+02 9.26202e+01 8.49736e+01 7.75071e+01
7.05866e+01 6.44738e+01 5.93380e+01 5.52780e+01
5.23465e+01 5.05698e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 135.00

1.00000e+02 9.32066e+01 8.60112e+01 7.87528e+01
7.17964e+01 6.54744e+01 6.00496e+01 5.57032e+01
5.25423e+01 5.06207e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 146.25

1.00000e+02 9.26210e+01 8.49753e+01 7.75097e+01
7.05899e+01 6.44779e+01 5.93425e+01 5.52826e+01
5.23507e+01 5.05729e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 157.50

1.00000e+02 9.02619e+01 8.11641e+01 7.32938e+01
6.67546e+01 6.14554e+01 5.72622e+01 5.40656e+01
5.17991e+01 5.04336e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 168.75

1.00000e+02 8.26352e+01 7.17072e+01 6.46185e+01
5.98284e+01 5.64509e+01 5.39965e+01 5.22093e+01
5.09678e+01 5.02239e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 180.00

5.00000e+01 4.99992e+01 4.99983e+01 4.99972e+01
4.99958e+01 4.99938e+01 4.99911e+01 4.99875e+01
4.99825e+01 4.99757e+01 4.99654e+01

For angle= 191.25

0.00000e+00 1.73630e+01 2.82891e+01 3.53755e+01
4.01626e+01 4.35359e+01 4.59849e+01 4.77648e+01
4.89964e+01 4.97269e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 202.50

0.00000e+00 9.73591e+00 1.88313e+01 2.66987e+01
3.32344e+01 3.85293e+01 4.27167e+01 4.59059e+01
4.81628e+01 4.95155e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 213.75

0.00000e+00 7.37613e+00 1.50187e+01 2.24807e+01
2.93963e+01 3.55033e+01 4.06326e+01 4.46849e+01
4.76074e+01 4.93734e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 225.00

0.00000e+00 6.78978e+00 1.39811e+01 2.12349e+01
2.81862e+01 3.45024e+01 3.99205e+01 4.42593e+01
4.74112e+01 4.93221e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 236.25

0.00000e+00 7.37520e+00 1.50168e+01 2.24777e+01
2.93921e+01 3.54983e+01 4.06269e+01 4.46790e+01
4.76018e+01 4.93690e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 247.50

0.00000e+00 9.73414e+00 1.88275e+01 2.66929e+01
3.32266e+01 3.85197e+01 4.27060e+01 4.58946e+01
4.81520e+01 4.95070e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 258.75

0.00000e+00 1.73606e+01 2.82839e+01 3.53675e+01
4.01518e+01 4.35228e+01 4.59700e+01 4.77492e+01
4.89814e+01 4.97151e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 270.00

5.00000e+01 4.99963e+01 4.99922e+01 4.99878e+01
4.99831e+01 4.99783e+01 4.99735e+01 4.99688e+01
4.99645e+01 4.99613e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 281.25

1.00000e+02 8.26322e+01 7.17008e+01 6.46085e+01
5.98149e+01 5.64344e+01 5.39775e+01 5.21890e+01
5.09480e+01 5.02079e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 292.50

1.00000e+02 9.02589e+01 8.11579e+01 7.32841e+01
6.67415e+01 6.14391e+01 5.72434e+01 5.40454e+01
5.17790e+01 5.04170e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 303.75

1.00000e+02 9.26184e+01 8.49696e+01 7.75009e+01
7.05781e+01 6.44631e+01 5.93252e+01 5.52637e+01
5.23316e+01 5.05566e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 315.00

1.00000e+02 9.32044e+01 8.60066e+01 7.87456e+01
7.17866e+01 6.54620e+01 6.00349e+01 5.56867e+01
5.25251e+01 5.06056e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 326.25

1.00000e+02 9.26186e+01 8.49702e+01 7.75017e+01
7.05791e+01 6.44642e+01 5.93263e+01 5.52645e+01
5.23320e+01 5.05564e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 337.50

1.00000e+02 9.02594e+01 8.11588e+01 7.32855e+01
6.67433e+01 6.14410e+01 5.72452e+01 5.40467e+01
5.17795e+01 5.04163e+01 4.99654e+01

For angle= 348.75

1.00000e+02 8.26327e+01 7.17018e+01 6.46101e+01
5.98169e+01 5.64365e+01 5.39794e+01 5.21902e+01
5.09481e+01 5.02066e+01 4.99654e+01
For angle= 360.00

5.00000e+01 4.99967e+01 4.99931e+01 4.99890e+01
4.99846e+01 4.99797e+01 4.99744e+01 4.99688e+01
4.99631e+01 4.99586e+01 4.99654e+01


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NUMERICAL METHODS FOR SOLVING PARABOLIC PDES PAGE 68
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Your choice was
2: Parabolic Partial Differential Equation
The following menu uses the heat eqn as a prototype for parabolic PDEs
but the methods listed apply equally to diffusion of materials, flow of
fluids (under conditions of laminar flow), flow of electricity in cables
(the telegraph equations) and so on
Your choice was
1 : One dimensional heat eqn :Explicit method

boundaries expressed as constants
initial conditions expressed as points entered by the user
The data related to this problem is as follows
Length of the space dimension is 2.00000

Value of increment in the space dimension is 0.25000
The constant of your eqn reffered to the time side of the eqn is 6.60000
r factor to be used is 0.50000
The increment in time will be governed by the following equation

change time = CONSTANT * r * (change space)^2
Your time increment will be 2.06250e-01
The # of internal mesh points used is 7
The output at t= 0.00000
0.00000e+00 2.50000e+01 5.00000e+01 7.50000e+01

1.00000e+02 7.50000e+01 5.00000e+01 2.50000e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.50000e+01 5.00000e+01 6.25000e+01

7.50000e+01 6.25000e+01 5.00000e+01 2.50000e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.18750e+01 4.37500e+01 5.31250e+01

6.25000e+01 5.31250e+01 4.37500e+01 2.18750e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.87500e+01 3.75000e+01 4.53125e+01

5.31250e+01 4.53125e+01 3.75000e+01 1.87500e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.60156e+01 3.20312e+01 3.86719e+01

4.53125e+01 3.86719e+01 3.20312e+01 1.60156e+01
0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00 1.36719e+01 2.73438e+01 3.30078e+01

3.86719e+01 3.30078e+01 2.73438e+01 1.36719e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.16699e+01 2.33398e+01 2.81738e+01

3.30078e+01 2.81738e+01 2.33398e+01 1.16699e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 9.96094e+00 1.99219e+01 2.40479e+01

2.81738e+01 2.40479e+01 1.99219e+01 9.96094e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 8.50220e+00 1.70044e+01 2.05261e+01

2.40479e+01 2.05261e+01 1.70044e+01 8.50220e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 7.25708e+00 1.45142e+01 1.75201e+01

2.05261e+01 1.75201e+01 1.45142e+01 7.25708e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 6.19431e+00 1.23886e+01 1.49544e+01

1.75201e+01 1.49544e+01 1.23886e+01 6.19431e+00
0.00000e+00
Local time is: Tue May 03 15:16:41 1994


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Your choice was
Your choice was



0.00000e+00 2.50000e+01 5.00000e+01 7.50000e+01

1.00000e+02 7.50000e+01 5.00000e+01 2.50000e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.46022e+01 4.77765e+01 6.60141e+01

7.33426e+01 6.60141e+01 4.77765e+01 2.46022e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.24547e+01 4.22001e+01 5.60888e+01

6.11454e+01 5.60888e+01 4.22001e+01 2.24547e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.96516e+01 3.65050e+01 4.79501e+01

5.20150e+01 4.79501e+01 3.65050e+01 1.96516e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.69624e+01 3.13943e+01 4.10867e+01

4.45024e+01 4.10867e+01 3.13943e+01 1.69624e+01
0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00 1.45783e+01 2.69510e+01 3.52314e+01

3.81424e+01 3.52314e+01 2.69510e+01 1.45783e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.25125e+01 2.31238e+01 3.02176e+01

3.27094e+01 3.02176e+01 2.31238e+01 1.25125e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.07349e+01 1.98366e+01 2.59191e+01

2.80552e+01 2.59191e+01 1.98366e+01 1.07349e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 9.20873e+00 1.70158e+01 2.22325e+01

2.40645e+01 2.22325e+01 1.70158e+01 9.20873e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 7.89918e+00 1.45958e+01 1.90705e+01

2.06418e+01 1.90705e+01 1.45958e+01 7.89918e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 6.77577e+00 1.25200e+01 1.63582e+01

1.77060e+01 1.63582e+01 1.25200e+01 6.77577e+00
0.00000e+00


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Your choice was
Your choice was
3 : One dimensional heat eqn :Crank-Nicolson method



0.00000e+00 2.50000e+01 5.00000e+01 7.50000e+01

1.00000e+02 7.50000e+01 5.00000e+01 2.50000e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.44845e+01 4.79381e+01 6.72680e+01

7.11340e+01 6.72680e+01 4.79381e+01 2.44845e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.26193e+01 4.25391e+01 5.57844e+01

6.15262e+01 5.57844e+01 4.25391e+01 2.26193e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.97810e+01 3.65849e+01 4.81550e+01

5.19697e+01 4.81550e+01 3.65849e+01 1.97810e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.70312e+01 3.15398e+01 4.11919e+01

4.46734e+01 4.11919e+01 3.15398e+01 1.70312e+01
0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00 1.46517e+01 2.70670e+01 3.53932e+01

3.82926e+01 3.53932e+01 2.70670e+01 1.46517e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.25791e+01 2.32492e+01 3.03730e+01

3.28831e+01 3.03730e+01 2.32492e+01 1.25791e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.08019e+01 1.99583e+01 2.60792e+01

2.82261e+01 2.60792e+01 1.99583e+01 1.08019e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 9.27350e+00 1.71358e+01 2.23885e+01

2.42338e+01 2.23885e+01 1.71358e+01 9.27350e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 7.96176e+00 1.47113e+01 1.92215e+01

2.08050e+01 1.92215e+01 1.47113e+01 7.96176e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 6.83536e+00 1.26302e+01 1.65020e+01

1.78618e+01 1.65020e+01 1.26302e+01 6.83536e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 5.86837e+00 1.08433e+01 1.41675e+01

1.53348e+01 1.41675e+01 1.08433e+01 5.86837e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 5.03816e+00 9.30930e+00 1.21632e+01

1.31653e+01 1.21632e+01 9.30930e+00 5.03816e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 4.32540e+00 7.99229e+00 1.04424e+01

1.13028e+01 1.04424e+01 7.99229e+00 4.32540e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 3.71348e+00 6.86161e+00 8.96512e+00

9.70378e+00 8.96512e+00 6.86161e+00 3.71348e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 3.18812e+00 5.89088e+00 7.69681e+00

8.33097e+00 7.69681e+00 5.89088e+00 3.18812e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.73709e+00 5.05749e+00 6.60793e+00

7.15237e+00 6.60793e+00 5.05749e+00 2.73709e+00
0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00 2.34987e+00 4.34200e+00 5.67309e+00

6.14051e+00 5.67309e+00 4.34199e+00 2.34987e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.01743e+00 3.72772e+00 4.87051e+00

5.27180e+00 4.87051e+00 3.72772e+00 2.01743e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.73202e+00 3.20036e+00 4.18147e+00

4.52599e+00 4.18147e+00 3.20036e+00 1.73202e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.48699e+00 2.74760e+00 3.58991e+00

3.88569e+00 3.58991e+00 2.74759e+00 1.48699e+00
0.00000e+00


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Your choice was
Your choice was



0.00000e+00 2.50000e+01 5.00000e+01 7.50000e+01

1.00000e+02 7.50000e+01 5.00000e+01 2.50000e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.45098e+01 4.77521e+01 6.61621e+01

7.34838e+01 6.61621e+01 4.77521e+01 2.45098e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.24457e+01 4.22508e+01 5.62363e+01

6.13388e+01 5.62363e+01 4.22508e+01 2.24457e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.96930e+01 3.66077e+01 4.81178e+01

5.22115e+01 4.81178e+01 3.66077e+01 1.96930e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.70285e+01 3.15260e+01 4.12709e+01

4.47073e+01 4.12709e+01 3.15260e+01 1.70285e+01
0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00 1.46556e+01 2.70971e+01 3.54264e+01

3.83553e+01 3.54264e+01 2.70971e+01 1.46556e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.25942e+01 2.32758e+01 3.04175e+01

3.29265e+01 3.04175e+01 2.32758e+01 1.25942e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.08174e+01 1.99893e+01 2.61190e+01

2.82718e+01 2.61190e+01 1.99893e+01 1.08174e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 9.28982e+00 1.71657e+01 2.24286e+01

2.42767e+01 2.24286e+01 1.71657e+01 9.28982e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 7.97754e+00 1.47407e+01 1.92598e+01

2.08467e+01 1.92598e+01 1.47407e+01 7.97754e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 6.85051e+00 1.26581e+01 1.65387e+01

1.79013e+01 1.65387e+01 1.26581e+01 6.85051e+00
0.00000e+00


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Your choice was
Your choice was



0.00000e+00 2.50000e+01 5.00000e+01 7.50000e+01

1.00000e+02 7.50000e+01 5.00000e+01 2.50000e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.44994e+01 4.76286e+01 6.61016e+01

7.37980e+01 6.61016e+01 4.76286e+01 2.44994e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 2.23991e+01 4.22026e+01 5.62635e+01

6.14267e+01 5.62635e+01 4.22026e+01 2.23991e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.96721e+01 3.65950e+01 4.81384e+01

5.22516e+01 4.81384e+01 3.65950e+01 1.96721e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.70235e+01 3.15273e+01 4.12866e+01

4.47306e+01 4.12866e+01 3.15273e+01 1.70235e+01
0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00 1.46572e+01 2.71040e+01 3.54404e+01

3.83727e+01 3.54404e+01 2.71040e+01 1.46572e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.25983e+01 2.32847e+01 3.04309e+01

3.29418e+01 3.04309e+01 2.32847e+01 1.25983e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.08224e+01 1.99989e+01 2.61321e+01

2.82862e+01 2.61321e+01 1.99989e+01 1.08224e+01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 9.29494e+00 1.71753e+01 2.24413e+01

2.42906e+01 2.24413e+01 1.71753e+01 9.29494e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 7.98257e+00 1.47500e+01 1.92720e+01

2.08600e+01 1.92720e+01 1.47500e+01 7.98257e+00
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 6.85534e+00 1.26671e+01 1.65504e+01

1.79140e+01 1.65504e+01 1.26671e+01 6.85534e+00
0.00000e+00


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Your choice was
Your choice was

boundaries expressed as derivatives


The # of total mesh points used including fictious is 13
1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00

1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00
1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00
7.69483e-01 8.38741e-01 8.91683e-01 9.28485e-01

9.49980e-01 9.57027e-01 9.49980e-01 9.28485e-01
8.91683e-01 8.38741e-01 7.69483e-01
6.86760e-01 7.49499e-01 7.99308e-01 8.35402e-01

8.57256e-01 8.64573e-01 8.57256e-01 8.35402e-01
7.99308e-01 7.49499e-01 6.86760e-01
6.16768e-01 6.73171e-01 7.18064e-01 7.50683e-01

7.70476e-01 7.77112e-01 7.70476e-01 7.50683e-01
7.18064e-01 6.73171e-01 6.16768e-01

5.54150e-01 6.04830e-01 6.45174e-01 6.74494e-01

6.92289e-01 6.98254e-01 6.92289e-01 6.74494e-01
6.45174e-01 6.04830e-01 5.54150e-01
4.97904e-01 5.43440e-01 5.79690e-01 6.06035e-01

6.22024e-01 6.27384e-01 6.22024e-01 6.06035e-01
5.79690e-01 5.43440e-01 4.97904e-01
4.47367e-01 4.88282e-01 5.20853e-01 5.44524e-01

5.58890e-01 5.63706e-01 5.58890e-01 5.44524e-01
5.20853e-01 4.88282e-01 4.47367e-01
4.01961e-01 4.38722e-01 4.67987e-01 4.89256e-01

5.02164e-01 5.06491e-01 5.02164e-01 4.89256e-01
4.67987e-01 4.38722e-01 4.01961e-01
3.61162e-01 3.94193e-01 4.20488e-01 4.39597e-01

4.51195e-01 4.55084e-01 4.51195e-01 4.39597e-01
4.20488e-01 3.94193e-01 3.61162e-01
3.24505e-01 3.54183e-01 3.77809e-01 3.94979e-01

4.05400e-01 4.08894e-01 4.05400e-01 3.94979e-01
3.77809e-01 3.54183e-01 3.24505e-01
2.91569e-01 3.18234e-01 3.39462e-01 3.54890e-01

3.64253e-01 3.67392e-01 3.64253e-01 3.54890e-01
3.39462e-01 3.18234e-01 2.91569e-01
2.61975e-01 2.85934e-01 3.05008e-01 3.18869e-01

3.27282e-01 3.30102e-01 3.27282e-01 3.18869e-01
3.05008e-01 2.85934e-01 2.61975e-01
2.35385e-01 2.56913e-01 2.74050e-01 2.86505e-01

2.94064e-01 2.96598e-01 2.94064e-01 2.86505e-01
2.74050e-01 2.56913e-01 2.35385e-01
2.11494e-01 2.30837e-01 2.46235e-01 2.57425e-01

2.64217e-01 2.66494e-01 2.64217e-01 2.57425e-01
2.46235e-01 2.30837e-01 2.11494e-01
1.90028e-01 2.07407e-01 2.21242e-01 2.31297e-01

2.37399e-01 2.39445e-01 2.37399e-01 2.31297e-01
2.21242e-01 2.07407e-01 1.90028e-01
1.70741e-01 1.86356e-01 1.98787e-01 2.07821e-01

2.13304e-01 2.15142e-01 2.13304e-01 2.07821e-01
1.98787e-01 1.86356e-01 1.70741e-01

1.53411e-01 1.67441e-01 1.78610e-01 1.86727e-01

1.91654e-01 1.93306e-01 1.91654e-01 1.86727e-01
1.78610e-01 1.67441e-01 1.53411e-01


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Your choice was
Your choice was

bo
Your choice was
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boundaries expressed as derivatives


The # of total mesh points used including fictious is 13
1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00

1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00
1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00 1.00000e+00

7.91088e-01 8.61418e-01 9.13079e-01 9.47540e-01

9.66816e-01 9.72984e-01 9.66816e-01 9.47539e-01
9.13077e-01 8.61417e-01 7.91087e-01
7.17944e-01 7.83353e-01 8.34931e-01 8.72039e-01

8.94371e-01 9.01822e-01 8.94371e-01 8.72038e-01
8.34930e-01 7.83351e-01 7.17942e-01
6.58157e-01 7.18320e-01 7.66156e-01 8.00876e-01

8.21925e-01 8.28977e-01 8.21924e-01 8.00874e-01
7.66154e-01 7.18318e-01 6.58155e-01
6.04143e-01 6.59392e-01 7.03367e-01 7.35320e-01

7.54711e-01 7.61210e-01 7.54710e-01 7.35319e-01
7.03365e-01 6.59390e-01 6.04141e-01
5.54655e-01 6.05381e-01 6.45762e-01 6.75108e-01

6.92918e-01 6.98888e-01 6.92917e-01 6.75106e-01
6.45760e-01 6.05379e-01 5.54653e-01
5.09232e-01 5.55804e-01 5.92879e-01 6.19823e-01

6.36175e-01 6.41657e-01 6.36175e-01 6.19822e-01
5.92878e-01 5.55803e-01 5.09230e-01
4.67530e-01 5.10289e-01 5.44327e-01 5.69065e-01

5.84078e-01 5.89111e-01 5.84078e-01 5.69064e-01
5.44326e-01 5.10287e-01 4.67529e-01
4.29244e-01 4.68501e-01 4.99752e-01 5.22464e-01

5.36247e-01 5.40868e-01 5.36247e-01 5.22463e-01
4.99751e-01 4.68499e-01 4.29242e-01
3.94093e-01 4.30135e-01 4.58827e-01 4.79678e-01

4.92334e-01 4.96576e-01 4.92333e-01 4.79677e-01
4.58825e-01 4.30133e-01 3.94091e-01
3.61820e-01 3.94910e-01 4.21253e-01 4.40397e-01

4.52016e-01 4.55911e-01 4.52015e-01 4.40396e-01
4.21252e-01 3.94909e-01 3.61819e-01
3.32190e-01 3.62571e-01 3.86756e-01 4.04332e-01

4.15000e-01 4.18576e-01 4.14999e-01 4.04332e-01
3.86755e-01 3.62570e-01 3.32189e-01
3.04987e-01 3.32879e-01 3.55084e-01 3.71221e-01

3.81015e-01 3.84298e-01 3.81015e-01 3.71220e-01
3.55083e-01 3.32878e-01 3.04985e-01

2.80011e-01 3.05620e-01 3.26006e-01 3.40821e-01

3.49813e-01 3.52828e-01 3.49813e-01 3.40821e-01
3.26005e-01 3.05619e-01 2.80010e-01
2.57081e-01 2.80592e-01 2.99309e-01 3.12911e-01

3.21167e-01 3.23934e-01 3.21166e-01 3.12911e-01
2.99308e-01 2.80591e-01 2.57080e-01
2.36029e-01 2.57615e-01 2.74799e-01 2.87287e-01

2.94867e-01 2.97407e-01 2.94866e-01 2.87286e-01
2.74798e-01 2.57613e-01 2.36027e-01
2.16701e-01 2.36519e-01 2.52296e-01 2.63762e-01

2.70720e-01 2.73053e-01 2.70719e-01 2.63760e-01
2.52294e-01 2.36517e-01 2.16699e-01
1.98955e-01 2.17151e-01 2.31636e-01 2.42162e-01

2.48551e-01 2.50693e-01 2.48550e-01 2.42161e-01
2.31634e-01 2.17149e-01 1.98953e-01
1.82663e-01 1.99369e-01 2.12667e-01 2.22332e-01

2.28197e-01 2.30163e-01 2.28197e-01 2.22331e-01
2.12666e-01 1.99367e-01 1.82661e-01
1.67705e-01 1.83042e-01 1.95252e-01 2.04125e-01

2.09510e-01 2.11315e-01 2.09510e-01 2.04124e-01
1.95250e-01 1.83041e-01 1.67703e-01
1.53972e-01 1.68053e-01 1.79263e-01 1.87410e-01

1.92354e-01 1.94011e-01 1.92353e-01 1.87408e-01
1.79261e-01 1.68051e-01 1.53970e-01


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Your choice was
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9 : Two dimensional heat eqn :ADI method

boundaries expressed as constant points entered by user
Length of the X space dimension is 40.00000

Length of the Y space dimension is 40.00000

Your time increment will be 1.00000e+01

The output at t= 0.00000 proceeding from highest to lowest row
For row 5
0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

0.00000
For row 4
0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

0.00000
For row 3
0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

0.00000
For row 2
0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

0.00000
For row 1
0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

0.00000

For row 5
1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02

1.00000e+02
For row 4
7.50000e+01 4.39999e+01 3.40293e+01 3.81935e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 3
7.50000e+01 2.58350e+01 1.17112e+01 1.91189e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 2
7.50000e+01 1.94288e+01 6.12315e+00 1.34526e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 5
1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02

1.00000e+02
For row 4
7.50000e+01 6.07625e+01 5.25735e+01 5.30248e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 3
7.50000e+01 4.10890e+01 2.71999e+01 3.19463e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 2
7.50000e+01 2.85577e+01 1.45709e+01 2.07317e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 5
1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02

1.00000e+02
For row 4
7.50000e+01 6.86491e+01 6.25796e+01 6.02151e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 3
7.50000e+01 4.99912e+01 3.82904e+01 3.99453e+01

5.00000e+01

For row 2
7.50000e+01 3.39974e+01 2.12029e+01 2.55314e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 5
1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02

1.00000e+02
For row 4
7.50000e+01 7.28240e+01 6.81744e+01 6.41202e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 3
7.50000e+01 5.52607e+01 4.53239e+01 4.48567e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 2
7.50000e+01 3.73986e+01 2.57205e+01 2.86859e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 5
1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02

1.00000e+02
For row 4
7.50000e+01 7.51761e+01 7.13982e+01 6.63587e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 3
7.50000e+01 5.84090e+01 4.96356e+01 4.78510e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 2
7.50000e+01 3.95180e+01 2.86201e+01 3.06995e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 5

1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02 1.00000e+02

1.00000e+02
For row 4
7.50000e+01 7.65449e+01 7.32929e+01 6.76753e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 3
7.50000e+01 6.02995e+01 5.22519e+01 4.96692e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 2
7.50000e+01 4.08250e+01 3.04284e+01 3.19562e+01

5.00000e+01
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
Local time is: Wed May 04 02:23:44 1994


PAGE 96
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Your choice was
3: Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equation
The following menu uses the wave eqn as a prototype for Hyperbolic PDEs
the wave eqn is fundamental to the study of vibrating systems
Hyperbolic PDEs are also involved in transport problems (diffusion of matter,
neutron diffusion, and radiation transfer), wave mechanics, gas dynamics, super-sonic
flow, and other important areas
Your choice was
1 : One dimensional wave eqn :by Finite Differences

initial conditions expressed as a polynomial function
time derivative expressed as a polynomial function

The constant of your eqn reffered to the space side of the PDE is 3136000000.00000

(change time)^2 * CONSTANT = (change space)^2
0.00000e+00 3.00000e-01 6.00000e-01 5.00000e-01

4.00000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 3.00000e-01 4.00000e-01 5.00000e-01

4.00000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 3.00000e-01

4.00000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -1.00000e-01 5.55112e-17 1.00000e-01

2.00000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -1.00000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -1.00000e-01

5.55112e-17 1.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -1.00000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01

-2.00000e-01 -1.00000e-01 5.55112e-17 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00 -1.00000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01

-4.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -1.00000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01

-4.00000e-01 -5.00000e-01 -4.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -1.00000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01

-4.00000e-01 -5.00000e-01 -6.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -1.00000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01

-4.00000e-01 -5.00000e-01 -4.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -1.00000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01

-4.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -1.00000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -3.00000e-01

-2.00000e-01 -1.00000e-01 0.00000e+00 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -1.00000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -1.00000e-01

-5.55112e-17 1.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -1.00000e-01 -5.55112e-17 1.00000e-01

2.00000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 3.00000e-01

4.00000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 3.00000e-01 4.00000e-01 5.00000e-01

4.00000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 3.00000e-01 6.00000e-01 5.00000e-01

4.00000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.00000e-01 1.00000e-01
0.00000e+00
Local time is: Mon May 09 16:18:54 1994


2QHGLPHQVLRQDO ZDYH HTXDWLRQ
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Your choice was
Your choice was
1 : One dimensional wave eqn :by Finite Differences

initial conditions expressed as a polynomial function
time derivative expressed as a polynomial function

The constant of your eqn reffered to the space side of the PDE is 3136000000.00000

(change time)^2 * CONSTANT = (change space)^2
0.00000e+00 1.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 4.50000e-01

6.00000e-01 5.50000e-01 5.00000e-01 4.50000e-01
4.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 4.50000e-01

5.00000e-01 5.50000e-01 5.00000e-01 4.50000e-01
4.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 3.50000e-01

4.00000e-01 4.50000e-01 5.00000e-01 4.50000e-01
4.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.50000e-01 2.00000e-01 2.50000e-01

3.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 4.00000e-01 4.50000e-01
4.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00 5.00000e-02 1.00000e-01 1.50000e-01

2.00000e-01 2.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 3.50000e-01
4.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -5.00000e-02 -5.55112e-17 5.00000e-02

1.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 2.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
3.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -5.00000e-02 -1.00000e-01 -5.00000e-02

-8.32667e-17 5.00000e-02 1.00000e-01 1.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 2.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
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-1.00000e-01 -5.00000e-02 -2.77556e-17 5.00000e-02
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-2.00000e-01 -2.50000e-01 -3.00000e-01 -2.50000e-01
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-2.00000e-01 -2.50000e-01 -3.00000e-01 -3.50000e-01
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-2.00000e-01 -2.50000e-01 -3.00000e-01 -3.50000e-01
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-2.00000e-01 -2.50000e-01 -3.00000e-01 -3.50000e-01
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-2.00000e-01 -2.50000e-01 -3.00000e-01 -3.50000e-01
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0.00000e+00 -5.00000e-02 -1.00000e-01 -1.50000e-01

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-2.00000e-01 -2.50000e-01 -2.00000e-01 -1.50000e-01
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1.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -5.00000e-02 -1.00000e-01 -1.50000e-01

-2.00000e-01 -1.50000e-01 -1.00000e-01 -5.00000e-02
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-1.00000e-01 -5.00000e-02 0.00000e+00 5.00000e-02
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-5.55112e-17 5.00000e-02 1.00000e-01 1.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 2.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 -5.00000e-02 0.00000e+00 5.00000e-02

1.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 2.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
3.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 5.00000e-02 1.00000e-01 1.50000e-01

2.00000e-01 2.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 3.50000e-01
4.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.50000e-01 2.00000e-01 2.50000e-01

3.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 4.00000e-01 4.50000e-01
4.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 3.50000e-01

4.00000e-01 4.50000e-01 5.00000e-01 4.50000e-01
4.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00 1.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 4.50000e-01

5.00000e-01 5.50000e-01 5.00000e-01 4.50000e-01
4.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00
0.00000e+00 1.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 4.50000e-01

6.00000e-01 5.50000e-01 5.00000e-01 4.50000e-01
4.00000e-01 3.50000e-01 3.00000e-01 2.50000e-01
2.00000e-01 1.50000e-01 1.00000e-01 5.00000e-02
0.00000e+00


PAGE 106
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Your choice was
Your choice was
5 : Two dimensional wave eqn :by Finite Differences

initial conditions expressed as points entered by user
time derivative expressed as points entered by user
length of the X space dimension is 2.00000

length of the Y space dimension is 2.00000
value of increment in the space dimension is 0.50000
the constant of your eqn reffered to the space side of the eqn is 3.00000

(change time)^2 = (r * (change space)^2) / CONSTANT

For row 5
0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
For row 4
0.00000 0.56250 0.75000 0.56250 0.00000
For row 3
0.00000 0.75000 1.00000 0.75000 0.00000
For row 2
0.00000 0.56250 0.75000 0.56250 0.00000
For row 1
0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

For row 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 4
0.00000e+00 3.75000e-01 5.31250e-01 3.75000e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 3
0.00000e+00 5.31250e-01 7.50000e-01 5.31250e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 2
0.00000e+00 3.75000e-01 5.31250e-01 3.75000e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 4
0.00000e+00 -3.12500e-02 0.00000e+00 -3.12500e-02

0.00000e+00
For row 3
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 6.25000e-02 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 2
0.00000e+00 -3.12500e-02 0.00000e+00 -3.12500e-02

0.00000e+00
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 4
0.00000e+00 -3.75000e-01 -5.31250e-01 -3.75000e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 3
0.00000e+00 -5.31250e-01 -7.50000e-01 -5.31250e-01

0.00000e+00

For row 2
0.00000e+00 -3.75000e-01 -5.31250e-01 -3.75000e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 4
0.00000e+00 -5.00000e-01 -7.50000e-01 -5.00000e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 3
0.00000e+00 -7.50000e-01 -1.12500e+00 -7.50000e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 2
0.00000e+00 -5.00000e-01 -7.50000e-01 -5.00000e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 4
0.00000e+00 -3.75000e-01 -5.31250e-01 -3.75000e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 3
0.00000e+00 -5.31250e-01 -7.50000e-01 -5.31250e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 2
0.00000e+00 -3.75000e-01 -5.31250e-01 -3.75000e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00

For row 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 4
0.00000e+00 -3.12500e-02 -0.00000e+00 -3.12500e-02

0.00000e+00
For row 3
0.00000e+00 -0.00000e+00 6.25000e-02 -0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 2
0.00000e+00 -3.12500e-02 -0.00000e+00 -3.12500e-02

0.00000e+00
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 4
0.00000e+00 3.75000e-01 5.31250e-01 3.75000e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 3
0.00000e+00 5.31250e-01 7.50000e-01 5.31250e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 2
0.00000e+00 3.75000e-01 5.31250e-01 3.75000e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 5
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00
For row 4
0.00000e+00 5.62500e-01 7.50000e-01 5.62500e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 3
0.00000e+00 7.50000e-01 1.00000e+00 7.50000e-01

0.00000e+00

For row 2
0.00000e+00 5.62500e-01 7.50000e-01 5.62500e-01

0.00000e+00
For row 1
0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00 0.00000e+00

0.00000e+00


PAGE 113
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
ADI1.C
#include "header.h"
#include "header1.h"
extern void adi1(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_adi1)

{
double row, column ;
double i, j , n , number, p, savior ;
char ch='\0';
double cde[ROWS][COLUMNS];
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
for(i=0 ; i<row ; ++i)

for(j=0 ; j<column ; ++j)cde[i][j]=array1[i][j];
ex2();
printf("\nThe proper choice of the parameter P can accelerate the convergence\n\n");
printf("If your value of P is far from the optimum value then instead of having the same");
printf("number of iterations near to SOR they will be increased, since the individual\n");
printf("iteration steps in ADI are much more complicated than in SOR, the ADI method\n");
printf("would appear to be inferior, this is certainly true if we choose the same \n");
printf("parameter P in every iteration step, the trick is to choose a different P for \n");
printf("each step-this will not be done by this program,the P you enter is the one that\n");
printf("will be used - also notice that the iteration number to be indicated is after \n");
printf("going through all rows and all columns for that iterational step\n\n");
printf("Enter your value of the P parameter, P = ");

scanf("%lf", &p);
fprintf(fp_adi1,"\nThe proper choice of the parameter P can accelerate the convergence\n\n");
fprintf(fp_adi1,"If your value of P is far from the optimum value then instead of having the same");
fprintf(fp_adi1,"number of iterations near to SOR they will be increased, since the individual\n");
fprintf(fp_adi1,"iteration steps in ADI are much more complicated than in SOR, the ADI method\n");
fprintf(fp_adi1,"would appear to be inferior, this is certainly true if we choose the same \n");
fprintf(fp_adi1,"parameter P in every iteration step, the trick is to choose a different P for \n");
fprintf(fp_adi1,"each step-this will not be done by this program,the P you enter is the one that\n");
fprintf(fp_adi1,"will be used - also notice that the iteration number to be indicated is after \n");
fprintf(fp_adi1,"going through all rows and all columns for that iterational step\n\n");
number=0;
do{
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
do{
n=0;
for(j=1 ; j<column-1 ; ++j){
savior=array1[i][j];
array1[i][j]=(1.0/(2+p))*(cde[i-1][j]-((2-p)*cde[i][j])+cde[i+1][j]+array1[i][j-
1]+array1[i][j+1]+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));
if(fabs(array1[i][j] - savior) < tl ) ++n ;}
}while(n<(column-2));}
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i)

for(j=1 ; j<column-1 ; ++j) cde[i][j]=array1[i][j];

do{
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i) {
array1[i][j]=(1.0/(2+p))*(cde[i][j-1]-((2-p)*cde[i][j])+cde[i][j+1]+array1[i-
1][j]+array1[i+1][j]+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));
if(fabs(array1[i][j] - savior) < tl ) ++n ; }
}while(n<(row-2));}
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
if((tl!=0) && (fabs(cde[i][j]-array1[i][j]) < tl) ) ++n ;
else if((tl==0) && (cde[i][j]==array1[i][j] ) ) ++n; } }
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i)

++number;
printf("\n# %-5.0lf\n",number);
}while(n!=(s1[0]*s1[1]));
ex2();
. 87.87
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printf("\nFor the value of P entered, p = %-8.6f\n", p);

printf("\nThe number of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
fprintf(fp_adi1,"\nFor the value of P entered, p = %-8.6f\n", p);
fprintf(fp_adi1,"\nThe number of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
/* to print out our array1 */
printf("The array will look like this\n");
printf("From the upper to the lower side\n");
printf("\nrows= %-5.0lf",row);
printf("\ncolumns= %-5.0lf \n\n",column);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
printf("row # %-5.0lf\n",i+1);
for(j=0 ; j<column ; ++j)
printf("%-20.5e",array1[i][j]);
printf("\nPress RETURN to continue");
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
ADI2.C
#include "header.h"

{
double row, column , i, j;
double n , number, savior ;
char ch='\0';
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);

number=0;
do{
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
do{
n=0;
array1[i][j]=.25*(cde[i-1][j]+cde[i+1][j]+array1[i][j-1]+array1[i][j+1]+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i)


do{
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i) {
array1[i][j]=.25*(cde[i][j-1]+cde[i][j+1]+array1[i-1][j]+array1[i+1][j]+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));
}while(n<(row-2));}
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i)

++number;
}while(n!=(s1[0]*s1[1]));
ex2();
printf("\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
fprintf(fp_adi2,"\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
. 87.87
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for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
ADI3.C
#include "header.h"

{
double i, j , n , number, p , saver, max_number, savior ;
char ch='\0';
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);

max_number=s1[0];
if(s1[1] > max_number)max_number=s1[1];
++max_number;
saver=M_PI/max_number;
p=2.0*sin(saver);
number=0;
do{
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
do{
n=0;
array1[i][j]=(1.0/(2+p))*(cde[i-1][j]-((2-p)*cde[i][j])+cde[i+1][j]+array1[i][j-
1]+array1[i][j+1]+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i)


do{
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i) {
array1[i][j]=(1.0/(2+p))*(cde[i][j-1]-((2-p)*cde[i][j])+cde[i][j+1]+array1[i-
1][j]+array1[i+1][j]+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));
}while(n<(row-2));}
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i)

++number;
}while(n!=(s1[0]*s1[1]));
ex2();
printf("\nThe optimum value of P for maximum rate of convergence is, p = %-8.6f\n", p);
fprintf(fp_adi3,"\nThe optimum value of P for maximum rate of convergence is, p = %-8.6f\n", p);
fprintf(fp_adi3,"\nThe number of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
. 87.87
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for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
ADIGOOD2.C
#include "header.h"
#include "hishead.h"
extern void adip(double *s1, FILE *fp_adip)

{
double box=0.0, box1=0.0 ;
double row, column, bumb ;
double *output, savior, value, display, integer, fraction, integer1 ;
int i, j, k, n, s ;
int count ;
char ch='\0' ;
row=(s1[9]+2);
column=(s1[8]+2);
ex2();
printf("\nHow often do you want the results displayed\n");
printf("The total # of displays that you previously entered must be an integer\n");
printf("multiple of this value, or the program will see to it that it is\n\n");
scanf("%lf", &display);
value=s1[7]/display;
fraction=modf(value, &integer1);
s1[7]=integer1*display;
output=malloc(8*(s1[8]+2)*(s1[9]+2));
if(!output){
ex2();
printf("\nNot enough memory to allocate buffer\n");
/* terminate program if out of memory */
goto label33; }
count=(s1[8]+2);
box1=0.0;
printf("\nEnter initial values, u(x,y,0) as prompted\n");
for(i=0; i<=s1[9]+1 ;++i){
ex2();
box=0.0;
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
printf("\nEnter initial value at X= %-20.5lf Y= %-20.5lf\n", box, box1);
scanf("%lf", &value);
array1[i][j]=value;
box=box+s1[1];}
box1=box1+s1[1];}
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i)

for(j=1 ; j<column-1 ; ++j)*(output+(i*count)+j)=array1[i][j];
ex2();
box=s1[1];
box1=s1[1];
printf("\nEnter changes that occur at all boundaries as constants\n\n");
printf("Lower boundary\n");
i=0;
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
printf("\nEnter boundary value at X= %-20.5lf Y= %-20.5lf\n", box*j, box1*i);
*(output+(i*count)+j)=value;}
ex2();
box=s1[1];
box1=s1[1];
i=s1[9]+1;
printf("\nUpper boundary\n");
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
ex2();
box=s1[1];
box1=s1[1];
j=0;
printf("\nLeft boundary\n");
for(i=1; i<=s1[9] ;++i){
ex2();
box=s1[1];
box1=s1[1];
j=s1[8]+1;
printf("\nRight boundary\n");
for(i=1; i<=s1[9] ;++i){
ex2();
printf("\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]*s1[9]);
fprintf(fp_adip,"\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]*s1[9]);
printf("\n\nPress RETURN to continue\n");
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break; }
ex2();
box=0.0;
printf("The output at t= %-20.5lf proceeding from highest to lowest row\n",box);
for(i=s1[9]+1; i>=0 ;--i){
printf("\nFor row %-20d\n\n", i+1);
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
printf("%-20.5lf",array1[i][j] ); }
box=0.0;
fprintf(fp_adip,"The output at t= %-20.5lf proceeding from highest to lowest row\n",box);
for(i=s1[9]+1; i>=0 ;--i){
fprintf(fp_adip,"\nFor row %-20d\n\n", i+1);
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
fprintf(fp_adip,"%-20.5lf",array1[i][j] ); }
fprintf(fp_adip,"\n");}

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break; }}

for(j=0 ; j<column ; ++j)array1[i][j]=*(output+(i*count)+j);
/* Now to use the ADI method to solve our problem */

for(k=1; k<=(2*s1[7]) ;++k){
if((k==1) || ((k%2)!=0)){
do{
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i) {
savior=*(output+(i*count)+j);
bumb=( (2.0*(1.0-s1[2]))*array1[i][j] )+ s1[2]*(array1[i][j+1]+array1[i][j-1] +
*(output+((i+1)*count)+j) + *(output+((i-1)*count)+j) );
*(output+(i*count)+j)=bumb/(2.0*(1.0+s1[2]));
if(fabs(*(output+(i*count)+j) - savior) < .00001 ) ++n ; }
}while(n!=(row-2));
for(s=1 ; s<row-1 ; ++s) array1[s][j]= *(output+(s*count)+j);
for(s=1;s<=5;++s)printf(" ");
}}
else{
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
do{
n=0;
savior=*(output+(i*count)+j);
bumb=( (2.0*(1.0-s1[2]))*array1[i][j] )+ s1[2]*(array1[i+1][j]+array1[i-1][j] +
*(output+(i*count)+j+1) + *(output+(i*count)+j-1) );
*(output+(i*count)+j)= bumb/( 2.0*(1.0+s1[2]) );
if(fabs(*(output+(i*count)+j) - savior) < .00001 ) ++n ;}
}while(n!=(column-2));
for(s=1;s<=5;++s)printf(" ");
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
for(s=1 ; s<column-1 ; ++s) array1[i][s]= *(output+(i*count)+s); }
savior=(.5*k)/display;
fraction=modf(savior, &integer);
if(fraction==0.0){
ex2();
printf("The output at t= %-20.5lf proceeding from highest to lowest row\n",s1[4]*k/2.0);
fprintf(fp_adip,"\n\n\nThe output at t= %-20.5lf proceeding from highest to lowest row\n",s1[4]*k/2.0);
for(i=s1[9]+1; i>=0 ;--i){
printf("\n\nFor row %-20d\n\n", i+1);
fprintf(fp_adip,"\n\nFor row %-20d\n\n", i+1);
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
printf("%-20.5e",*(output+(i*count)+j) );
fprintf(fp_adip,"%-20.5e",*(output+(i*count)+j) );}

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break; } } } }}
label33:
free(output);
}
BNDRY2.C
#include "header.h"
/* polynomial: x**3 - 2x**2 + 5x - 1 */

extern double bndry2(double *s1)
{
double aray1[10] = {0}, aray2[10] = {0};
double aray3[10] = {0}, aray4[10] = {0};
double row, column, i, j, average ;
char ch='\0';
double degree1, degree2, degree3, degree4, k, result=0, tl=.01;
char sure='p';
label1: printf("\nEnter left boundary as a function of Y\n");

printf("Enter degree of function\n");
scanf("%lf",&degree1);
if(degree1>9){
printf("\nDegree should be <= 9\n");
goto label1;}
printf("Enter coefficients of Y, proceeding from const to highest degree");
for(k=0 ; k<=degree1 ; ++k){
printf("\nEnter coeff # %-5.0lf\n",k+1);
scanf("%lf",&aray1[k]);}
printf("\nEnter right boundary as a function of Y\n");

if(degree2>9){
goto label1;}
printf("\nEnter upper boundary as a function of X\n");

if(degree3>9){
goto label1;}
printf("Enter coefficients of X, proceeding from const to highest degree");
printf("\nEnter lower boundary as a function of X\n");

if(degree4>9){
goto label1;}
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
ex2();
do{
printf("\n\nEnter tolerance of answer \n");
scanf("%lf",&tl);
if(tl==0){
printf("\nTolerance Zero might take a while\n");
printf("\nAre you sure y/n\n");
sure=getche();}
if(tl!=0)break;
}while(sure=='n');
tl=fabs(tl);
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
/* Evaluating the values of the boundaries at each point */

for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
array1[i][0] =poly(s1[2]*i, degree1, aray1 );
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)

array1[i][column-1]=poly(s1[2]*i, degree2, aray2 );
for(j=1 ; j<(column-1) ; ++j)

array1[row-1][j] = poly(s1[2]*j, degree3, aray3 );

array1[0][j] = poly(s1[2]*j, degree4, aray4);
array1[0][0]=(array1[1][0]+array1[0][1])/2 ;
array1[row-1][0]=(array1[row-2][0]+array1[row-1][1])/2 ;
array1[0][column-1]=(array1[0][column-2]+array1[1][column-1])/2 ;
array1[row-1][column-1]=(array1[row-1][column-2]+array1[row-2][column-1])/2 ;
/* In order to compute the average of the boundary points */

for(i=0 ; i<=(row-1) ; ++i)result=result+array1[i][0];
for(i=0 ; i<=(row-1) ; ++i)result=result+array1[i][column-1];
for(j=1 ; j<(column-1) ; ++j)result=result+array1[row-1][j];
for(j=1 ; j<(column-1) ; ++j)result=result+array1[0][j];
average=2*((row-2)+(column-2))+4;
average=result/average;
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)

{for(j=1 ; j<(column-1) ; ++j) array1[i][j] = average ;}
ex2();
/* to print out our initialized array1 */
printf("\nThe initialization of the array will look like this\n");
printf("\nrows=%-5.0f\ncolumns=%-5.0f\n\n",row,column);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
printf("row # %-5.0f\n",i+1);
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
return tl;
}
CIRCLE3.C
#include "header.h"
/* entring size of grid & mesh size */
extern void circle3(int choice1, FILE *fp_circle3)

{
double radius=1.0, angle, dangle=20.0, dradius=1.0, max=1.0, s1[2]={0}, s2[5]={0} ;
double integer1, integer2, fraction1, fraction2, number1, number2 ;
double arround1=0.0, bottom1=0.0,arround2=0.0, bottom2=0.0, tl=.1 ;
char sure='p';
double size, radians, constant, box ;
double i, j , n , number, remainder, integerr ;
char ch='\0';
double savior1, savior2, savior3 ;
. 87.87
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do{
printf("\n\nEnter dimensions of circle -irregular boundaries-\n\n");
do{
printf("\nEnter radius of circle\n");
scanf("%lf",&radius);
if(radius==0.0)printf("\nYou must be joking, try again\n");
}while(radius==0.0);
do{
printf("\nEnter the increment of the angle in degrees, 360 must\n");
printf("be an integer multiple of this increment\n");
scanf("%lf",&dangle);
if(dangle==0.0)printf("\nYou must be joking, try again\n");
}while(dangle==0.0);
label5:
printf("\nEnter the increment for r, that the program will use\n\n");
printf("PS: The radius that you previously entered must be an integer\n");
printf(" multiple of this increment\n");
printf(" If you did not enter these increments as requested you will \n");
printf(" be prompted to re-enter the dimensions of the circle \n\n");
scanf("%lf",&dradius);
if(dradius==0.0){
printf("\nYou must be joking, try again\n");
goto label5;}
fprintf(fp_circle3,"\nDimensions of circle -irregular boundaries- as entered by user\n\n");

fprintf(fp_circle3,"Radius of semi-circle is %-20.5lf\n", radius);
fprintf(fp_circle3,"The increment of the angle in degrees is %-20.5lf\n", dangle);
fprintf(fp_circle3,"The increment for r, that the program will use is %-20.5lf\n\n", dradius);
number1=radius/dradius;
fraction1=modf(number1,&integer1);
number2=(double)360.0/dangle;
max=(integer1+1)*(integer2);
}while(!(fraction1==0.0 && fraction2==0.0 && max<=2500));
/*to save # of mesh points & h */

s1[0]=integer1-1;
s1[1]=integer2;
if(choice1==7 || choice1==8){
ex2();
printf("\nEnter circle boundaries one at a time:\n");
angle=0.0;
printf("\nArround the circle, enter each point according to the angle indicated\n");
for(j=0; j<=s1[1]-1 ;++j){
printf("\nFor angle= %-6.2lf\n",angle);
scanf("%lf",&arround1);
array1[s1[0]+1][j]=arround1;
angle=angle+dangle;}
s2[4]=0.0;
for(j=0; j<=s1[1]-1 ;++j)s2[4]=s2[4]+array1[s1[0]+1][j];
s2[4]=s2[4]/s1[1];
}
else{
ex2();
/* entring grid boundaries */
printf("\nEnter circle boundaries one at a time, from four sides:\n\nArround the circle from the upper right
\n");
s2[0]=arround1 ;
printf("\nArround the circle from the upper left \n");

s2[1]=arround2 ;
printf("\nArround the circle from the bottom right\n");

scanf("%lf",&bottom1);
s2[2]=bottom1;
printf("\nArround the circle from the bottom left\n");

s2[3]=bottom2;
/* giving the boundary points their boundary values */

remainder=.25*s1[1];
for(j=1 ; j<remainder ;++j )array1[s1[0]+1][j]=s2[0];
modf(remainder,&integerr);
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
for(j=integerr+1 ; j<.5*s1[1] ;++j)array1[s1[0]+1][j]=s2[1];
remainder=.5*s1[1];
for(j=integerr+1 ; j<s1[1] ;++j)array1[s1[0]+1][j]=s2[2];
array1[s1[0]+1][0]=.5*(s2[2]+s2[0]);
array1[s1[0]+1][s1[1]]=.5*(s2[2]+s2[0]);
remainder=.5*s1[1];
if(remainder==integerr)array1[s1[0]+1][integerr]=.5*(s2[3]+s2[1]);
/*calculating initial conditions for intrnal mesh points*/
/* calculating the average value of boundaries */

s2[4]= radius * M_PI_2 * (s2[0] + s2[1]);
s2[4]= s2[4] + (radius*M_PI_2 * (s2[2] + s2[3]));
s2[4]= s2[4] / (2.0 * radius * M_PI);
}
/* end of entring grid boundaries */
ex2();
do{
scanf("%lf",&tl);
if(tl==0){
sure=tolower(getche());}
else break;
}while(sure!='y');
tl=fabs(tl);
/* giving all internal points in the array the average of the boundary values at first */
for(i=0 ; i<=s1[0] ; ++i)
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1] ; ++j) array1[i][j] = s2[4] ;
size=s1[0]*s1[1];
size=size+s1[1]+1;
ex2();
printf("\nThe # of internal mesh points is: %-5.0f\n",s1[0]*s1[1]+1);
printf("\nThe # of mesh points that we'll be operating on\n");
printf("including the ones on the boundaries is: %-5.0f\n\n",size);
fprintf(fp_circle3,"\nThe # of internal mesh points is: %-5.0f\n",s1[0]*s1[1]+1);

fprintf(fp_circle3,"\nThe # of mesh points that we'll be operating on\n");
fprintf(fp_circle3,"including the ones on the boundaries is: %-5.0f\n\n",size);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");
radians=dangle*M_PI/180.0;
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
for(i=1;i<=s1[0];++i){
savior1=array1[i][0];
constant=(.5*i*i*radians*radians)/((i*i*radians*radians)+1);
array1[i][0]=constant*(((1-(.5/i))*array1[i-
1][0])+((1+(.5/i))*array1[i+1][0])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*array1[i][s1[1]-
1])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*array1[i][1]));
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
if((tl==0) && (array1[i][0] == savior1) ) ++n;

else if((tl!=0) && (fabs(array1[i][0] - savior1) < tl) ) ++n ;
array1[i][s1[1]]=array1[i][0];}
for(i=1 ; i<=s1[0] ; ++i){

for(j=1 ; j<s1[1] ; ++j){
savior2=array1[i][j];
array1[i][j]=constant*(((1-(.5/i))*array1[i-
1][j])+((1+(.5/i))*array1[i+1][j])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*array1[i][j-
1])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*array1[i][j+1]));
if((tl==0) && (array1[i][j] == savior2) ) ++n;

else if((tl!=0) && (fabs(array1[i][j] - savior2) < tl) ) ++n ; }
}
savior3=array1[0][0];
box=0.0;
for(j=0;j<s1[1];++j) box=box+array1[1][j];
array1[0][0]=box/s1[1];
if((tl==0) && (array1[0][0] == savior3) ) ++n;
else if((tl!=0) && (fabs(array1[0][0] - savior3) < tl) ) ++n ;
for(j=1;j<=s1[1];++j)array1[0][j]=array1[0][0];
}while(n!=((s1[0]*s1[1])+1));
ex2();
angle=0.0;
printf("From the R = radius inwards for each angle at a time\n");
printf("\n%-5.0lf cases were taken for R ",s1[0]+2);
printf("\n%-5.0lf cases were taken for the angle from 0 to 360\n\n",s1[1]+1);
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1] ; ++j){

printf("For angle= %-6.2lf\n",angle);
for(i=s1[0]+1 ; i>=0 ; --i)
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");
angle=0.0;
fprintf(fp_circle3,"\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
fprintf(fp_circle3,"The array will look like this\n");
fprintf(fp_circle3,"From the R = radius inwards for each angle at a time\n");
fprintf(fp_circle3,"\n%-5.0lf cases were taken for R ",s1[0]+2);
fprintf(fp_circle3,"\n%-5.0lf cases were taken for the angle from 0 to 360\n\n",s1[1]+1);
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1] ; ++j){

fprintf(fp_circle3,"For angle= %-6.2lf\n",angle);
for(i=s1[0]+1 ; i>=0 ; --i)
fprintf(fp_circle3,"%-20.5e",array1[i][j]);
fprintf(fp_circle3,"\n\n");
CIRCLE4.C
#include "header.h"
extern void circle4(int choice1, FILE *fp_circle4)

{
char sure='p';
double size, radians, constant, box ;
char ch='\0';
double cde[ROWS][COLUMNS] ;
do{
printf("\n\nEnter dimensions of circle -irregular boundaries-\n\n");
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
do{
printf("\nEnter radius of circle\n");
do{
label5:
printf(" be prompted to re-enter the dimensions of the circle \n\n");
if(dradius==0.0){
goto label5;}
fprintf(fp_circle4,"\nDimensions of circle -irregular boundaries- as entered by user\n\n");

fprintf(fp_circle4,"Radius of semi-circle is %-20.5lf\n", radius);
fprintf(fp_circle4,"The increment of the angle in degrees is %-20.5lf\n", dangle);
fprintf(fp_circle4,"The increment for r, that the program will use is %-20.5lf\n\n", dradius);
max=(integer1+1)*(integer2);

s1[0]=integer1-1;
s1[1]=integer2;
ex2();
printf("\nEnter circle boundaries one at a time:\n");
angle=0.0;
printf("\nArround the circle, enter each point according to the angle indicated\n");
for(j=0; j<=s1[1]-1 ;++j){
s2[4]=0.0;
for(j=0; j<=s1[1]-1 ;++j)s2[4]=s2[4]+array1[s1[0]+1][j];
s2[4]=s2[4]/s1[1];
}
else{
ex2();
printf("\nEnter circle boundaries one at a time:\n\nArround the circle from the upper right \n");
s2[0]=arround1 ;
printf("\nArround the circle from the upper left \n");

s2[1]=arround2 ;
printf("\nArround the circle from the bottom right\n");

s2[2]=bottom1;
printf("\nArround the circle from the bottom left\n");

s2[3]=bottom2;


s2[4]= radius * M_PI_2 * (s2[0] + s2[1]);
s2[4]= s2[4] + (radius*M_PI_2 * (s2[2] + s2[3]));
s2[4]= s2[4] / (2.0 * radius * M_PI);
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
remainder=.5*s1[1];
for(j=integerr+1 ; j<s1[1] ;++j)array1[s1[0]+1][j]=s2[2];
array1[s1[0]+1][0]=.5*(s2[2]+s2[0]);
array1[s1[0]+1][s1[1]]=.5*(s2[2]+s2[0]);
remainder=.5*s1[1];
}
ex2();
do{
scanf("%lf",&tl);
if(tl==0){
sure=tolower(getche()); }
else break;
}while(sure!='y');
tl=fabs(tl);
/* giving all internal points in the array the average of the boundary values at first */
for(i=0 ; i<=s1[0] ; ++i)
size=s1[0]*s1[1];
size=size+s1[1]+1;
ex2();
printf("\nThe # of internal mesh points is: %-5.0f\n",s1[0]*s1[1]+1);
fprintf(fp_circle4,"\nThe # of internal mesh points is: %-5.0f\n",s1[0]*s1[1]+1);

fprintf(fp_circle4,"\nThe # of mesh points that we'll be operating on\n");
fprintf(fp_circle4,"including the ones on the boundaries is: %-5.0f\n\n",size);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");
for(i=0 ; i<=s1[0]+1 ; ++i)

for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1] ; ++j) cde[i][j]=array1[i][j];
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
for(i=1;i<=s1[0];++i){
cde[i][0]=array1[i][0];
cde[i][s1[1]]=array1[i][0];
array1[i][0]=constant*(((1-(.5/i))*cde[i-
1][0])+((1+(.5/i))*cde[i+1][0])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*cde[i][s1[1]-
1])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*cde[i][1]));
if((tl==0) && (array1[i][0] == cde[i][0]) ) ++n;
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
else if((tl!=0) && (fabs(array1[i][0] - cde[i][0]) < tl) ) ++n ;

array1[i][s1[1]]=array1[i][0];}
for(i=1 ; i<=s1[0] ; ++i){

for(j=1 ; j<s1[1] ; ++j){
cde[i][j]=array1[i][j];
array1[i][j]=constant*(((1-(.5/i))*cde[i-
1][j])+((1+(.5/i))*cde[i+1][j])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*cde[i][j-
1])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*cde[i][j+1]));
if((tl==0) && (array1[i][j] == cde[i][j]) ) ++n;

else if((tl!=0) && (fabs(array1[i][j] - cde[i][j]) < tl) ) ++n ; }
}
cde[0][0]=array1[0][0];
box=0.0;
for(j=0;j<s1[1];++j) box=box+array1[1][j];
array1[0][0]=box/s1[1];
if((tl==0) && (array1[0][0] == cde[0][0]) ) ++n;
else if((tl!=0) && (fabs(array1[0][0] - cde[0][0]) < tl) ) ++n ;
for(j=1;j<=s1[1];++j)array1[0][j]=array1[0][0];
for(j=1;j<=s1[1];++j)cde[0][j]=array1[0][0];
}while(n!=((s1[0]*s1[1])+1));
ex2();
angle=0.0;
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1] ; ++j){

for(i=s1[0]+1 ; i>=0 ; --i)
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");
angle=0.0;
fprintf(fp_circle4,"\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
fprintf(fp_circle4,"The array will look like this\n");
fprintf(fp_circle4,"From the R = radius inwards for each angle at a time\n");
fprintf(fp_circle4,"\n%-5.0lf cases were taken for R ",s1[0]+2);
fprintf(fp_circle4,"\n%-5.0lf cases were taken for the angle from 0 to 360\n\n",s1[1]+1);
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1] ; ++j){

fprintf(fp_circle4,"For angle= %-6.2lf\n",angle);
for(i=s1[0]+1 ; i>=0 ; --i)
fprintf(fp_circle4,"%-20.5e",array1[i][j]);
fprintf(fp_circle4,"\n\n");
CRANK2.C
#include "header.h"
extern void crank2(double *s1, int choice, FILE *fp_crank2)

{
double box=0.0, value, display, integer, fraction ;
double dummy, dummy1, integer1, fraction1 ;
double *output, savior ;
int i, j, k, l , m, n ;
int that, count ;
double aray[10] = {0}, degree;
char ch='\0' ;
output=malloc(8*2*(s1[8]+2));
if(!output){
ex2();
goto label33; }
count=(s1[8]+2);
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
if(choice==4){
label1:
ex2();
box=s1[1];
printf("\nEnter function of initial values, u(x,0) as prompted\n");
scanf("%lf",&degree);
if(degree>9){
goto label1;}
printf("\nEnter coefficients of X, proceeding from const to highest degree");
for(k=0 ; k<=degree ; ++k){

printf("\nEnter coeff # %-5d\n",k+1);
scanf("%lf",&aray[k]);}
for(j=1 ; j<=s1[8] ; ++j) *(output+j)=poly(s1[1]*j, degree, aray); }
else{
ex2();
box=s1[1];
printf("\nEnter initial values, u(x,0) as prompted\n");
for(i=1; i<=s1[8] ;++i){
printf("\nEnter initial value at X= %-20.5lf\n", box);
*(output+i)=value;
box=box+s1[1];}}
that=s1[8];
*(output)=s1[5];
*(output+that+1)=s1[6];
do{
ex2();
printf("\nAfter how many time increments do you want the results to be continuously\n");
printf("displayed ( a multiple of the time increment ), the total number of time \n");
printf("increments that you previously entered must be an integer multiple of this \n");
printf("value, Ex: 1, 2(if your previous # is a multiple of 10) 5, 10, 55, 100, ....\n\n");
if(value==0.0 || value>s1[7])continue;
dummy=s1[7]/value;
fraction=modf(dummy, &integer);
dummy1=value/1.0;
fraction1=modf(dummy1, &integer1);
}while(fraction != 0.0 || fraction1!=0 || value==0.0 || value>s1[7]);
ex2();
printf("\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]);
fprintf(fp_crank2,"\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]);
printf("\n\n\nPress RETURN to continue\n");
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
for(m=0; m<=that+1 ;++m)*(output+count+m)=*(output+m);
ex2();
box=0.0;
printf("\nThe output at t= %-20.5lf\n\n",box);
for(l=0; l<=s1[8]+1 ;++l)printf("%-20.5e",*(output+l));
box=0.0;
fprintf(fp_crank2,"\nThe output at t= %-20.5lf\n\n",box);
for(l=0; l<=s1[8]+1 ;++l)fprintf(fp_crank2,"%-20.5e",*(output+l));

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
box=value*s1[4];
for(k=1; k<=integer ;++k){
for(i=1; i<=value ;++i){
do{
n=0;
for(j=1; j<=s1[8] ;++j){
savior=*(output+count+j) ;
*(output+count+j)=s1[2]*(*(output+j-1)+*(output+j+1))+((2.0-(2.0*s1[2])) *
*(output+j))+(s1[2]*(*(output+count+j+1)+*(output+count+j-1)));
*(output+count+j)=*(output+count+j)/(2.0+(2.0*s1[2]));
if(fabs(*(output+count+j) - savior) < .000001) ++n ; }
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
}while(n != s1[8]);
for(m=1; m<=that ;++m)*(output+m)=*(output+count+m);
if(i==value){
fprintf(fp_crank2,"\n\nThe output at t= %-20.5lf\n\n",box);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
box=(k+1)*value*s1[4]; }
}}
label33:
free(output);
}
CRANK3.C
#include "header.h"
extern void crank3(double *s1, int choice, double *dff1, FILE *fp_crank3)
{
double box=0.0, value, display, integer, fraction ;
int i, j, k, l , m, n ;
int that, count ;
char ch='\0' ;
if(!output){
ex2();
goto label33; }
count=(s1[8]+2);
if(choice==8){
label1:
ex2();
box=s1[1];
if(degree>9){
goto label1;}

for(j=0 ; j<=s1[8]+1 ; ++j) *(output+j)=poly(s1[1]*j, degree, aray); }
else{
ex2();
box=0.0;
for(i=0; i<=s1[8]+1 ;++i){
*(output+i)=value;
box=box+s1[1];}}
that=s1[8];
do{
ex2();
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
dummy=s1[7]/value;
dummy1=value/1.0;
ex2();
printf("\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]+2);
printf("\nThe # of total mesh points used including fictious is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]+4);
fprintf(fp_crank3,"\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]+2);
fprintf(fp_crank3,"\nThe # of total mesh points used including fictious is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]+4);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
for(m=0; m<=that+1 ;++m)*(output+count+m)=*(output+m);
ex2();
box=0.0;
box=0.0;
fprintf(fp_crank3,"\nThe output at t= %-20.5lf\n\n",box);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
box=value*s1[4];
do{
n=0;
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
savior=*(output+count+j) ;
if(j==0){
*(output+count+j)=(2.0*s1[2]* *(output+count+j+1))+(2.0-(2.0*s1[2])-(2.0*dff1[0]*s1[1]*s1[2])*
*(output+j))+(2.0*s1[2]* *(output+j+1))-(4.0*s1[2]*s1[1]*dff1[1]);
*(output+count+j)=*(output+count+j)/(2.0+(2.0*s1[2])+(2.0*s1[2]*dff1[0]*s1[1])) ; }
else if(j==s1[8]+1){
*(output+count+j)=(2.0*s1[2]* *(output+count+j-1))+(2.0-(2.0*s1[2])+(2.0*dff1[2]*s1[1]*s1[2])*
*(output+j))+(2.0*s1[2]* *(output+j-1))+(4.0*s1[2]*s1[1]*dff1[3]);
*(output+count+j)=*(output+count+j)/(2.0+(2.0*s1[2])-(2.0*s1[2]*dff1[2]*s1[1])) ; }
else{
*(output+count+j)=s1[2]*(*(output+j-1)+*(output+j+1))+((2.0-(2.0*s1[2])) *
*(output+j))+(s1[2]*(*(output+count+j+1)+*(output+count+j-1)));
*(output+count+j)=*(output+count+j)/(2.0+(2.0*s1[2]));}
if(fabs(*(output+count+j) - savior) < .000001) ++n ;}

}while(n != s1[8]+2);
for(m=0; m<=that+1 ;++m)*(output+m)=*(output+count+m);
if(i==value){
fprintf(fp_crank3,"\n\nThe output at t= %-20.5lf\n\n",box);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
}}
label33:
free(output);
}
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
DECIDE.C
#include "header.h"
extern int eqn(FILE *fp_eqn)

{
int choice, ch;
do{
printf("\n\nNumerical Solutions for the Elliptic eqn - Dirichlet Problem\n");
printf("Enter the # associated with the type of eqn you would like to solve\n\n\n");
printf("1 : Laplace eqn :constant boundaries\n\n\n");
printf("2 : Poisson eqn, constant function :constant boundaries\n\n\n");
printf("3 : Laplace eqn \n");

printf(" Boundaries expressed as polynomial functions \n\n\n");
printf("4 : Poisson eqn, constant function \n");

printf("5 : Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :constant boundaries\n\n\n");
printf("Press RETURN to show more options\n");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
clrscr();
printf("\nNumerical Solutions for the Elliptic eqn - Dirichlet Problem\n");
printf("6 : Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) \n");

printf("7 : Laplace eqn :boundaries expressed as\n");

printf(" points entered by the user\n\n\n");
printf("8 : Poisson eqn, constant function :boundaries expressed as\n");

printf("9 : Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :boundaries expressed as\n");

printf("10: Poisson eqn, f(x,y) expressed as points entered by the user\n");

printf(" boundaries expressed as points entered by the user\n\n");
printf("Your choice ");

scanf("%d",&choice);
}while(choice<1 || choice>10);
ex2();
printf("\nYour choice was\n\n");
switch(choice){
case 1:
printf("1 : Laplace eqn :constant boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 2:
printf("2 : Poisson eqn, constant function :constant boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 3:
printf("3 : Laplace eqn \n");
printf(" Boundaries expressed as polynomial functions \n\n");
break;
case 4:
printf("4 : Poisson eqn, constant function \n");
break;
case 5:
printf("5 : Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :constant boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 6:
printf("6 : Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) \n");
break;
case 7:
printf("7 : Laplace eqn :boundaries expressed as\n");
printf(" points entered by the user\n\n");
break;
case 8:
printf("8 : Poisson eqn, constant function :boundaries expressed as\n");
break;
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
case 9:
printf("9 : Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :boundaries expressed as\n");
break;
case 10:
printf("10: Poisson eqn, f(x,y) expressed as points entered by the user\n");
printf(" boundaries expressed as points entered by the user\n\n");
break;}
fprintf(fp_eqn,"\nYour choice was\n\n");

switch(choice){
case 1:
fprintf(fp_eqn,"1 : Laplace eqn :constant boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 2:
fprintf(fp_eqn,"2 : Poisson eqn, constant function :constant boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 3:
fprintf(fp_eqn,"3 : Laplace eqn \n");
fprintf(fp_eqn," Boundaries expressed as polynomial functions \n\n");
break;
case 4:
fprintf(fp_eqn,"4 : Poisson eqn, constant function \n");
break;
case 5:
fprintf(fp_eqn,"5 : Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :constant boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 6:
fprintf(fp_eqn,"6 : Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) \n");
break;
case 7:
fprintf(fp_eqn,"7 : Laplace eqn :boundaries expressed as\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn," points entered by the user\n\n");
break;
case 8:
fprintf(fp_eqn,"8 : Poisson eqn, constant function :boundaries expressed as\n");
break;
case 9:
fprintf(fp_eqn,"9 : Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :boundaries expressed as\n");
break;
case 10:
fprintf(fp_eqn,"10: Poisson eqn, f(x,y) expressed as points entered by the user\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn," boundaries expressed as points entered by the user\n\n");
break;}
printf("Press RETURN to continue\n\n");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
return choice;
}
DECIDE1.C
#include "header.h"
extern int eqn1(FILE *fp_eqn1)

{
int choice, ch;
do{
clrscr();
printf("1: Laplace eqn, irregular boundary :using Gauss-Seidel\n");

printf(" semi-circle :constant boundaries\n\n");
printf("2: Laplace eqn, irregular boundary :using Jacobi\n");


printf(" circle :constant boundaries\n\n");

. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
printf("\n\nPress RETURN to show more options");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
clrscr();

printf(" semi-circle :user entering boundaries\n\n");


printf(" circle :user entering boundaries\n\n");

printf("\nYour choice ");

ex2();
switch(choice){
case 1:
break;
case 2:
break;
case 3:
break;
case 4:
break;
case 5:
break;
case 6:
break;
case 7:
break;
case 8:
break;}
fprintf(fp_eqn1,"\nYour choice was\n\n");

switch(choice){
case 1:
fprintf(fp_eqn1,"1: Laplace eqn, irregular boundary :using Gauss-Seidel\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn1," semi-circle :constant boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 2:
fprintf(fp_eqn1,"2: Laplace eqn, irregular boundary :using Jacobi\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn1," semi-circle :constant boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 3:
fprintf(fp_eqn1," circle :constant boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 4:
fprintf(fp_eqn1," circle :constant boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 5:
fprintf(fp_eqn1," semi-circle :user entering boundaries\n\n");
break;
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
case 6:
fprintf(fp_eqn1," semi-circle :user entering boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 7:
fprintf(fp_eqn1," circle :user entering boundaries\n\n");
break;
case 8:
fprintf(fp_eqn1," circle :user entering boundaries\n\n");
break;}

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
return choice;
}
DECIDEH.C
#include "header.h"
extern int eqn_hyperbolic(FILE *fp_eqn_hyperbolic)

{
int choice, ch;
clrscr();
do{
printf("\n\nNumerical Solutions for the Hyperbolic PDE \n");
printf("1 : One dimensional wave eqn :by Finite Differences\n");

printf(" boundaries expressed as constants\n");
printf(" initial conditions expressed as points entered by user\n");
printf(" time derivative expressed as a polynomial function\n\n");

printf(" initial conditions expressed as a polynomial function \n");

printf(" time derivative expressed as points entered by user\n\n");
printf("\nPress RETURN to show more options\n\n");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
clrscr();
printf("\n\n\nNumerical Solutions for the Hyperbolic PDE \n");

printf(" time derivative expressed as points entered by user\n\n\n");
printf("5 : Two dimensional wave eqn :by Finite Differences\n");

printf("\n\n\nYour choice ");

ex2();
switch(choice){
case 1:
break;
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
case 2:
break;
case 3:
break;
case 4:
break;
case 5:
printf("5 : Two dimensional wave eqn :by Finite Differences\n");
break;}
fprintf(fp_eqn_hyperbolic,"\nYour choice was\n\n");

switch(choice){
case 1:
fprintf(fp_eqn_hyperbolic,"1 : One dimensional wave eqn :by Finite
Differences\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn_hyperbolic," boundaries expressed as constants\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn_hyperbolic," initial conditions expressed as a polynomial function
\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn_hyperbolic," time derivative expressed as a polynomial
function\n\n");
break;
case 2:
Differences\n");
\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn_hyperbolic," time derivative expressed as a polynomial
function\n\n");
break;
case 3:
Differences\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn_hyperbolic," initial conditions expressed as points entered by
user\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn_hyperbolic," time derivative expressed as points entered by
user\n\n");
break;
case 4:
Differences\n");
\n");
user\n\n");
break;
case 5:
fprintf(fp_eqn_hyperbolic,"5 : Two dimensional wave eqn :by Finite
Differences\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn_hyperbolic," initial conditions expressed as points entered by
user\n");
user\n\n");
break;}

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
return choice;
}
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
DECIDEP.C
#include "header.h"
extern int eqn_parabolic(FILE *fp_eqn_parabolic)

{
int choice, ch;
clrscr();
do{
printf("\n\nNumerical Solutions for the Parabolic eqn \n");
printf("1 : One dimensional heat eqn :Explicit method\n");

printf(" initial conditions expressed as points entered by the user\n\n");

printf(" initial conditions expressed as a polynomial function \n\n");
printf("3 : One dimensional heat eqn :Crank-Nicolson method\n");



ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
clrscr();
printf("\nNumerical Solutions for the Parabolic eqn \n");
printf("Enter the # associated with the type of eqn you would like to solve\n\n");

printf(" boundaries expressed as derivatives\n");



printf("9 : Two dimensional heat eqn :A.D.I. method\n");

printf(" boundaries expressed as constant points entered by user\n");

ex2();
switch(choice){
case 1:
break;
case 2:
break;
case 3:
break;
case 4:
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH

break;
case 5:
break;
case 6:
break;
case 7:
break;
case 8:
break;
case 9:
printf("9 : Two dimensional heat eqn :ADI method\n");
printf(" boundaries expressed as constant points entered by user\n");
break;}
fprintf(fp_eqn_parabolic,"\nYour choice was\n\n");

switch(choice){
case 1:
fprintf(fp_eqn_parabolic,"1 : One dimensional heat eqn :Explicit method\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn_parabolic," boundaries expressed as constants\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn_parabolic," initial conditions expressed as points entered by the
user\n\n");
break;
case 2:
fprintf(fp_eqn_parabolic," initial conditions expressed as a polynomial function \n\n");
break;
case 3:
fprintf(fp_eqn_parabolic,"3 : One dimensional heat eqn :Crank-Nicolson method\n");
user\n\n");
break;
case 4:
break;
case 5:
fprintf(fp_eqn_parabolic," boundaries expressed as derivatives\n");
user\n\n");
break;
case 6:
break;
case 7:
user\n\n");
break;
case 8:
break;
case 9:
fprintf(fp_eqn_parabolic,"9 : Two dimensional heat eqn :ADI method\n");
fprintf(fp_eqn_parabolic," boundaries expressed as constant points entered by user\n");
user\n\n");
break;}

ch='\0';
for(;;)
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
return choice;
DMNSN.C
#include "header.h"
extern void dimension(double *s, FILE *fp_dimension)
{
auto double one=0,two=0;
auto double size=1, size1=1;
auto char ch='\0';
one=*s;
two=*(s+1);
size=((one * two)+(2*(one+two))) ;
size1=((one * two)) ;
/* displaying the # of mesh points the we will be operating on */

printf("\nThe # of internal mesh points is %-5.0f\n",size1);
printf("including the ones on the boundary is:\n");
printf("For 5 point approximations %-5.0f\n",size);
printf("For 9 point approximations %-5.0f\n\n",size+4);
fprintf(fp_dimension,"\nThe # of internal mesh points is %-5.0f\n",size1);

fprintf(fp_dimension,"\nThe # of mesh points that we'll be operating on\n");
fprintf(fp_dimension,"including the ones on the boundary is:\n");
fprintf(fp_dimension,"For 5 point approximations %-5.0f\n",size);
fprintf(fp_dimension,"For 9 point approximations %-5.0f\n\n",size+4);
/* delay so you can see results */

printf("Press RETURN to continue");
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");
ELLIPTIC.C
#include "header.h"
extern void graph1(void);
extern int choice_dnm(FILE *fp_elliptic)

{
int choice, ch;
do{
printf("Numerical Solutions For Elliptic Partial Differential Equations\n\n");
printf("Enter the # associated with the Boundary value Problem you would like to use\n");
printf("to solve the Elliptic PDE for:\n\n");
printf("1: Dirichlet Problem - First Boundary Value Problem\n");

printf(" - Regular boundaries \n");
printf(" - Irregular boundaries \n");
printf("3: Neumann Problem - Second Boundary Value Problem\n");
printf("4: Mixed Problem \n\n");

scanf("%d", &choice);
ex2();
switch(choice){
case 1:
printf(" - Regular boundaries \n\n");
break;
case 2:
printf(" - Irregular boundaries \n\n");
break;
case 3:
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
printf("3: Neumann Problem - Second Boundary Value Problem\n\n");

break;
case 4:
printf("4: Mixed Problem \n\n");
break;
}
fprintf(fp_elliptic,"\nYour choice was\n\n");

switch(choice){
case 1:
fprintf(fp_elliptic,"1: Dirichlet Problem - First Boundary Value Problem\n");
fprintf(fp_elliptic," - Regular boundaries \n\n");
break;
case 2:
fprintf(fp_elliptic,"2: Dirichlet Problem - First Boundary Value Problem\n");
fprintf(fp_elliptic," - Irregular boundaries \n\n");
break;
case 3:
fprintf(fp_elliptic,"3: Neumann Problem - Second Boundary Value Problem\n\n");
break;
case 4:
fprintf(fp_elliptic,"4: Mixed Problem \n\n");
break;
}
printf("\nPress RETURN to continue\n\n");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
if(choice!=2)graph1();
return choice;
}
ENTER1.C
#include"header.h"
extern void enter1(double *s1, int choice, double *dff1, FILE *fp_enter1)
{
double space, incrementx, r, constant, left, right, span, fraction, integer;
double *output;
char ch;
label22:
do{
ex2();
printf("\nEnter length of the space dimension\n");
scanf("%lf",&space);
s1[0]=space;
printf("\nEnter value of increment in the space dimension to be used\n");

printf("The space length you entered must be an integer multiple of this increment\n");
scanf("%lf",&incrementx);
incrementx=fabs(incrementx);
s1[1]=incrementx;
space=space/incrementx;
s1[8]=space-1;
if(!output){
ex2();
printf("Re-enter arguments\n");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();

free(output);
goto label22 ;}
free(output);
fraction=modf(space, &integer);
}while( fraction != 0.0 );
ex2();
printf("\nEnter the constant of your eqn reffered to the time side of the eqn\n");
printf("It should be a positive constant\n");
scanf("%lf",&constant);
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
constant=fabs(constant);
s1[3]=constant;
if(choice==1 || choice==2){
do{
ex2();
printf("\nEnter ( r ) factor to be used, it should be <= 0.5 to assure convergence\n");
printf("and in order for the results to be accurate via this method\n");
printf("The increment in time will be governed by the following equation\n");
printf("change time = CONSTANT * r * (change space)^2\n");
printf("Where CONSTANT is the constant of your PDE that you previously entered\n\n");
scanf("%lf",&r);
s1[2]=r;
}while( r>.5 );}
else if (choice==5 || choice==6){
do{
ex2();
printf("\nEnter ( r ) factor to be used, it should be < 0.5 to assure convergence\n");
printf("and in order for the results to be accurate via this method\n");
scanf("%lf",&r);
s1[2]=r;
}while( r>=.5 );}
else{
ex2();
printf("\nEnter ( r ) factor to be used, the smaller the better in order for the \n");
printf("results to be more accurate\n");
scanf("%lf",&r);
s1[2]=r;}
s1[4]=(incrementx * incrementx * r)*constant;

ex2();
printf("\nYour time increment will be %-20.5e\n",s1[4]);
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
fprintf(fp_enter1,"\nThe data related to this problem is as follows\n\n");

fprintf(fp_enter1,"Length of the space dimension is %-20.5lf\n", s1[0]);
fprintf(fp_enter1,"Value of increment in the space dimension is %-20.5lf\n", s1[1]);
fprintf(fp_enter1,"The constant of your eqn reffered to the time side of the eqn is %-20.5lf\n", s1[3]);
fprintf(fp_enter1,"r factor to be used is %-20.5lf\n\n", s1[2]);
fprintf(fp_enter1,"The increment in time will be governed by the following equation\n");
fprintf(fp_enter1,"change time = CONSTANT * r * (change space)^2\n");
fprintf(fp_enter1,"\nYour time increment will be %-20.5e\n\n",s1[4]);
do{
ex2();
printf("\nTill how many time increments do you want this program to show\n");
printf("Enter your answer as a factor of 5, Example: 10 , 200, 3615, ...\n\n");
scanf("%lf",&span);
s1[7]=span;
span=span/5.0;
fraction=modf(span, &integer);
}while(integer != span);
if(choice<=4){
ex2();
printf("\nEnter one side's constant boundary, u(0,t)\n");
scanf("%lf",&left);
s1[5]=left;
printf("\nEnter the other side's constant boundary, u(L,t)\n");

scanf("%lf",&right);
s1[6]=right;}
else {
ex2();
printf("\nBoundary of side u(0,t)\n");
printf("Enter the derivative at this side in the form ( aU + b ) \n");
printf("a= ");
scanf("%lf", &dff1[0]);
printf("\nb= ");
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
ex2();
printf("\nBoundary of side u(L,t)\n");
printf("Enter the derivative at this side in the form ( aU + b ) \n");
printf("a= ");
printf("\nb= ");
scanf("%lf", &dff1[3]); }
ENTER2.C
#include"header.h"
extern void enter2(double *s1, FILE *fp_enter2)

{
double space, incrementx, r, constant, span, fraction, integer;
double *output, max ;
double space1, integer1, fraction1;
char ch;
label22:
do{
ex2();
printf("\nEnter length of the X space dimension\n");
scanf("%lf", &space);
s1[0]=space;
printf("\nEnter length of the Y space dimension\n");

scanf("%lf", &space1);
s1[5]=space1;
ex2();
printf("The space lengths you entered must integer multiples of this increment\n");
s1[1]=incrementx;
s1[8]=space-1;
space1=space1/incrementx;
s1[9]=space1-1;
max=(space1+1)*(space+1) ;
if(max > 2500){

ex2();
printf("\nSorry, this program only allows you to have no more than 2500\n");
printf("total mesh points, try again and modify your choice of increment in space\n\n");
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
continue;}
output=malloc(8*(s1[8]+2)*(s1[9]+2));
if(!output){
ex2();

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();

free(output);
goto label22 ;}
free(output);
fraction1=modf(space1, &integer1);
}while(fraction != 0.0 || fraction1 != 0.0 || max>2500);
ex2();
printf("\nEnter the constant of your eqn reffered to the time side of the eqn\n");
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
s1[3]=constant;
ex2();
printf("\nEnter ( r ) factor to be used \n");
printf("the numerical method used here converges and is stable for all values of r\n");
printf("although accuracy requires that r not be too large\n");
scanf("%lf",&r);
s1[2]=r;
s1[4]=(incrementx * incrementx * r)*constant;

ex2();
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
fprintf(fp_enter2,"\nThe data related to this problem is as follows\n\n");

fprintf(fp_enter2,"Length of the X space dimension is %-20.5lf\n",s1[0]);
fprintf(fp_enter2,"Length of the Y space dimension is %-20.5lf\n",s1[5]);
fprintf(fp_enter2,"Value of increment in the space dimension is %-20.5lf\n", s1[1]);
fprintf(fp_enter2,"The constant of your eqn reffered to the time side of the eqn is %-20.5lf\n", s1[3]);
fprintf(fp_enter2,"r factor to be used is %-20.5lf\n\n", s1[2]);
fprintf(fp_enter2,"The increment in time will be governed by the following equation\n");
fprintf(fp_enter2,"change time = CONSTANT * r * (change space)^2\n");
fprintf(fp_enter2,"Your time increment will be %-20.5e\n\n",s1[4]);
do{
ex2();
printf("\nTill how many time increments do you want this program to show\n\n");
scanf("%lf",&span);
s1[7]=span;
}while(span<=0);
ENTERH.C
#include"header.h"
extern void enterh(double *s1, FILE *fp_enterh)

{
double space, incrementx, constant, left, right, span, fraction, integer;
double *output;
char ch;
ex2();
printf("\nEnter the constant of your eqn reffered to the space side of the PDE\n");
s1[3]=constant;
label22:
do{
ex2();
printf("\nEnter length of the space dimension\n");
scanf("%lf",&space);
s1[0]=space;
clrscr();
printf("\n\n\nEnter value of increment in the space dimension to be used\n\n");
printf("You will not be prompted to enter increment in time, it will depend on\n");
printf("this increment of X, if you want small changes in time, this increment\n");
printf("then should be small\n\n");
printf("This was done so that you can get the exact results of the analytical soln\n");
printf("(change time)^2 * CONSTANT = (change space)^2\n");
printf("The space length you entered must be an integer multiple of this increment\n\n\n");
s1[1]=incrementx;
s1[8]=space-1;
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
if(!output){
ex2();

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();

free(output);
goto label22 ;}
free(output);
}while( fraction != 0.0 );
s1[4]= incrementx/sqrt(constant);
ex2();
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
fprintf(fp_enterh,"\nThe data related to this problem is as follows\n\n");

fprintf(fp_enterh,"Length of the space dimension is %-20.5lf\n", s1[0]);
fprintf(fp_enterh,"The constant of your eqn reffered to the space side of the PDE is %-20.5lf\n", s1[3]);
fprintf(fp_enterh,"Value of increment in the space dimension is %-20.5lf\n\n", s1[1]);
fprintf(fp_enterh,"The increment in time will be governed by the following equation\n");
fprintf(fp_enterh,"(change time)^2 * CONSTANT = (change space)^2\n");
fprintf(fp_enterh,"Your time increment will be %-20.5e\n\n",s1[4]);
do{
ex2();
scanf("%lf",&span);
s1[7]=span;
span=span/1.0;
fraction=modf(span, &integer);
}while(fraction != 0.0);
ex2();
printf("\nEnter one side's constant boundary, y(0,t)\n");
scanf("%lf",&left);
s1[5]=left;
printf("\nEnter the other side's constant boundary, y(L,t)\n");

s1[6]=right;
ENTERH1.C
#include"header.h"
extern void enter2_hyperbolic(double *s1, FILE *fp_enter2_hyperbolic)

{
double space, incrementx, r, constant, span, fraction, integer;
double *output;
double space1, integer1, fraction1, max ;
char ch;
label22:
do{
ex2();
printf("\nEnter length of the X space dimension\n");
scanf("%lf", &space);
s1[0]=space;
printf("\nEnter length of the Y space dimension\n");

scanf("%lf", &space1);
s1[5]=space1;
ex2();
printf("The space lengths you entered must integer multiples of this increment\n");
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
s1[1]=incrementx;
s1[8]=space-1;
space1=space1/incrementx;
s1[9]=space1-1;
max=(space1+1)*(space+1) ;
if(max > 2500){

ex2();
printf("\nSorry, this program only allows you to have no more than 2500\n");
printf("total mesh points, try again and modify your choice of increment in space\n\n");
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
continue;}
output=malloc(8*2*(s1[8]+2)*(s1[9]+2));
if(!output){
ex2();

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();

free(output);
goto label22 ;}
free(output);
fraction1=modf(space1, &integer1);
}while(fraction != 0.0 || fraction1 != 0.0 || max>2500);
ex2();
printf("\nEnter the constant of your eqn reffered to the space side of the eqn\n");
s1[3]=constant;
ex2();
printf("\nEnter ( r ) factor to be used \n");
printf("the numerical method used here converges and is stable for r <= .5\n");
printf("(change time)^2 = (r * (change space)^2) / CONSTANT\n");
scanf("%lf",&r);
s1[2]=r;
s1[4]=sqrt((incrementx * incrementx * r)/constant);

ex2();
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
fprintf(fp_enter2_hyperbolic,"\nThe data related to this problem is as follows\n\n");

fprintf(fp_enter2_hyperbolic,"length of the X space dimension is %-20.5lf\n", s1[0]);
fprintf(fp_enter2_hyperbolic,"length of the Y space dimension is %-20.5lf\n", s1[5]);
fprintf(fp_enter2_hyperbolic,"value of increment in the space dimension is %-20.5lf\n", s1[1]);
fprintf(fp_enter2_hyperbolic,"the constant of your eqn reffered to the space side of the eqn is %-20.5lf\n",
s1[3]);
fprintf(fp_enter2_hyperbolic,"r factor to be used is %-20.5lf\n\n", s1[2]);
fprintf(fp_enter2_hyperbolic,"The increment in time will be governed by the following equation\n");
fprintf(fp_enter2_hyperbolic,"(change time)^2 = (r * (change space)^2) / CONSTANT\n");
fprintf(fp_enter2_hyperbolic,"Your time increment will be %-20.5e\n\n",s1[4]);
do{
ex2();
scanf("%lf",&span);
s1[7]=span;
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
}while(span<=0);
EX1.C
#include <conio.h>
extern void ex1(void)

{
int i, j;
clrscr();
for (i=0; i<9; i++)
{
for (j=0; j<80; j++)
cprintf("C");
cprintf("\r\n");
textcolor(i+1);
textbackground(i);
}
textcolor(7);
textbackground(0);
EX2.C
#include <conio.h>
extern void ex2(void)

{
int i, j;
clrscr();
for (i=3; i<9; i++)
{
for (j=0; j<80; j++)
cprintf("C");
cprintf("\r\n");
textcolor(i+1);
textbackground(i);
}
textcolor(7);
textbackground(0);
EXPLCT2.C
#include "header.h"
extern void explicit2(double *s1, int choice, FILE *fp_explicit2)

{
double box=0.0, value, display, integer, fraction;
double dummy, dummy1, integer1, fraction1;
double *output;
int i, j, k, l ,m;
int that, count;
char ch='\0';
if(!output){
ex2();
goto label33; }
count=(s1[8]+2);
if(choice==6){
label1:
ex2();
box=s1[1];
if(degree>9){
goto label1;}
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH

for(j=1 ; j<=s1[8] ; ++j) *(output+j)=poly(s1[1]*j, degree, aray);}
else{
ex2();
box=s1[1];
for(i=1; i<=s1[8] ;++i){
*(output+i)=value;
box=box+s1[1];}}
that=s1[8];
*(output)=s1[5];
*(output+that+1)=s1[6];
do{
ex2();
dummy=s1[7]/value;
dummy1=value/1.0;
ex2();
fprintf(fp_explicit2,"\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
ex2();
box=0.0;
box=0.0;
fprintf(fp_explicit2,"\nThe output at t= %-20.5lf\n\n",box);
for(l=0; l<=s1[8]+1 ;++l)fprintf(fp_explicit2,"%-20.5e",*(output+l));

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
box=value*s1[4];
for(j=1; j<=s1[8] ;++j)
*(output+count+j)=(s1[2]*(*(output+j-1)+*(output+j+1)))+((1-(2.0*s1[2]))**(output+j));
if(i==value){
fprintf(fp_explicit2,"\n\nThe output at t= %-20.5lf\n\n",box);


ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
}}
label33:
free(output);
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
EXPLCT3.C
#include "header.h"
extern void explicit3(double *s1, int choice, double *dff1, FILE *fp_explicit3)
{
double box=0.0, value, display, integer, fraction;
double dummy, dummy1, integer1, fraction1;
double *output;
int i, j, k, l ,m;
int that, count;
char ch='\0';
if(!output){
ex2();
goto label33; }
count=(s1[8]+2);
if(choice==6){
label1:
ex2();
box=s1[1];
if(degree>9){
goto label1;}

for(j=0 ; j<=s1[8]+1 ; ++j) *(output+j)=poly(s1[1]*j, degree, aray);}
else{
ex2();
box=0.0;
for(i=0; i<=s1[8]+1 ;++i){
*(output+i)=value;
box=box+s1[1];}}
that=s1[8];
do{
ex2();
dummy=s1[7]/value;
dummy1=value/1.0;
ex2();
printf("\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]+2);
printf("\nThe # of total mesh points used including fictious is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]+4);
fprintf(fp_explicit3,"\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]+2);
fprintf(fp_explicit3,"\nThe # of total mesh points used including fictious is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]+4);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
ex2();
box=0.0;
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
box=0.0;
fprintf(fp_explicit3,"\nThe output at t= %-20.5lf\n\n",box);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
box=value*s1[4];
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
if(j==0)
*(output+count+j)=((2.0*s1[2]) * *(output+j+1))+((1-(2.0*s1[2])-(2.0*s1[2]*dff1[0]*s1[1])) * *(output+j))-
(2.0*s1[2]*s1[1]*dff1[1]);
else if(j==s1[8]+1)
*(output+count+j)=((2.0*s1[2]) * *(output+j-1))+((1-(2.0*s1[2])+(2.0*s1[2]*dff1[2]*s1[1])) *
*(output+j))+(2.0*s1[2]*s1[1]*dff1[3]);
else
*(output+count+j)=(s1[2]*(*(output+j-1)+*(output+j+1)))+((1-(2.0*s1[2]))**(output+j));
}
for(m=0; m<=that+1 ;++m)*(output+m)=*(output+count+m);
if(i==value){
fprintf(fp_explicit3,"\n\nThe output at t= %-20.5lf\n\n",box);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
}}
label33:
free(output);
}
GAUSS1P.C
#include "header.h"
extern void gaus_seidel1p(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_gaus_seidel1p)

{
double row, column, savior ;
double i, j , n , number;
char ch='\0';
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
array1[i][j]=.25*(array1[i+1][j]+array1[i-1][j]+array1[i][j+1]+array1[i][j-
1]+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));
if((tl==0) && (array1[i][j] == savior) ) ++n;
else if((tl!=0) && (fabs(array1[i][j] - savior) < tl) ) ++n ; }
}
}while(n!=((row-2)*(column-2)));
ex2();
fprintf(fp_gaus_seidel1p,"\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
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for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
GAUSS2P.C
#include "header.h"
extern void gaus_seidel2p(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_gaus_seidel2p)

{
char ch='\0';
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
number=0;
do{
++number;
printf("\n# %-5.0f\n",number);
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
array1[i][j]=.05*4*(array1[i+1][j]+array1[i-1][j]+array1[i][j+1]+array1[i][j-1]);
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]+(.05*(array1[i-1][j-1]+array1[i-1][j+1]+array1[i+1][j-
1]+array1[i+1][j+1]));
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]+(.05*6*s1[2]*s1[2]*cdef[i][j]);
if((tl!=0.0) && (fabs(array1[i][j] - savior) < tl) ) ++n ;
else if((tl==0.0) && (array1[i][j] == savior) ) ++n; } }
ex2();
fprintf(fp_gaus_seidel2p,"\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
GRAPH1.C
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void graph1(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int i, maxx, maxy;
/* our polygon array */
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int poly[8];
/* initialize graphics, local variables */

initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
/* read result of initialization */

errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk)
/* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1);
/* terminate with an error code */
}
maxx = getmaxx();
maxy = getmaxy();
poly[0] = 3.0 * maxx / 4;

poly[1] = 10;
poly[2] = maxx - 10; /* 2nd */

poly[3] = 10;
poly[4] = maxx - 10; /* 3rd */

poly[5] = maxy / 4;
/*
4th vertex. fillpoly automatically
closes the polygon.
*/
poly[6] = 3.0 * maxx / 4; /* 1st vertex */
poly[7] = maxy / 4;
/* set fill pattern */

setfillstyle(HATCH_FILL, getmaxcolor());
/* draw a filled polygon */

fillpoly(4, poly);
printf("\nRegular boundaries\n");
printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nPress any key to continue\n");
getch();
/* clean up */
closegraph();
GRAPH2.C
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void graph2(void)
{
/* request autodetection */
int midx, midy ;
int xradius = 100, yradius = 100;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */


if (errorcode != grOk) { /* an error occurred */
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
/* set fill pattern */

setfillstyle(WIDE_DOT_FILL, getmaxcolor());
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/* draw a filled ellipse */

fillellipse(3*midx/2, midy/2, xradius, yradius);
printf("\nIrregular boundaries, circle\n");
getch();
/* clean up */
closegraph();
GRAPH3.C
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void graph3(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int midx, midy;
int stangle = 0, endangle = 180, radius = 100;
/* initialize graphics and local variables */


if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
/* set fill style and draw a pie slice */

setfillstyle(WIDE_DOT_FILL, getmaxcolor());
pieslice(3*midx/2, midy/2, stangle, endangle, radius);
printf("\nIrregular boundaries, semi-circle\n");
/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
GRDBND.C
#include "header.h"
extern double grid_bound(double *s)

{
double upper=0, bottom=0, left=0, right=0 , tl=.1 ;
char sure='p';

printf("\nEnter grid boundaries one at a time:\n\nUpper boundary\n");
scanf("%lf",&upper);
s[0]=upper;
printf("\nBottom boundary\n");
scanf("%lf",&bottom);
s[1]=bottom;
printf("\nLeft boundary\n");
scanf("%lf",&left);
s[2]=left;
printf("\nRight boundary\n");
s[3]=right;
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ex2();
do{
scanf("%lf",&tl);
if(tl==0){
sure='l';
else break;
}while(sure!='y');
tl=fabs(tl);
return tl;
GRDDIM.C
#include "header.h"
extern void grid_dim(double *s, FILE *fp_grid_dim)

{
auto double horizontal=0, vertical=0, h=1, max=1;
auto double integer1, integer2, fraction1, fraction2, number1, number2 ;
do{
printf("\n\nEnter grid dimensions -regular boundaries-\n");
do{
printf("\nEnter grid horizontal length\n");
scanf("%lf",&horizontal);
if(horizontal==0)printf("\nYou must be joking, try again\n");
}while(horizontal==0);
do{
printf("\nEnter grid vertical length\n");
scanf("%lf",&vertical);
if(vertical==0)printf("\nYou must be joking, try again\n");
}while(vertical==0);
label5:
ex2();
printf("\nEnter mesh size -h-\n");
printf("PS: The grid dimensions must be an integer multiple of -h-\n");
printf(" The resulting # of mesh points that result should be <= 2500\n");
printf(" If not you will be prompted to re-enter grid dimensions\n");
scanf("%lf",&h);
if(h==0){
goto label5;}
number1=horizontal/h;
number2=vertical/h;
max=(integer1+1)*(integer2+1);
}while(!(fraction1==0 && fraction2==0 && max<=2500));

s[0]=integer1-1;
s[1]=integer2-1;
s[2]=h;
/* output grid dimensions to file */

fprintf(fp_grid_dim,"\nGrid dimensions -regular boundaries- as entered by user\n\n");
fprintf(fp_grid_dim,"Grid horizontal length is %-20.5lf\n", horizontal);
fprintf(fp_grid_dim,"Grid vertical length is %-20.5lf\n", vertical);
fprintf(fp_grid_dim,"Mesh size -h- is %-20.5lf\n\n", h);
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
HEADER.H
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
extern void ex2(void);
HEADER1.H
#define ROWS 50
#define COLUMNS 50
extern double array1[ROWS][COLUMNS];
extern double cdef[ROWS][COLUMNS];
HISHEAD.H
#define ROWS 50
#define COLUMNS 50
extern double array1[ROWS][COLUMNS];
HPBLC2DM.C
#include "header.h"
extern void hyperbolic_2dim(double *s1, FILE *fp_hyperbolic_2dim)

{
double box=0.0, box1=0.0 ;
double *output, value, display, integer, fraction1, integer1 ;
int i, j, k, s, m, n ;
int count, count1 ;
char ch='\0' ;
row=(s1[9]+2);
column=(s1[8]+2);
count1=row*column;
do{
ex2();
printf("\nHow often do you want the results displayed (a multiple of the time increment)\n");
printf("The total # of displays that you previously entered must be an integer\n");
printf("multiple of this value, or the program will see to it that it is\n\n");
scanf("%lf", &display);
if(display==0.0 || display>s1[7])continue;
value=s1[7]/display;
modf(value, &integer);
s1[7]=integer*display;
value=display/1.0;
fraction1=modf(value, &integer1);
}while( fraction1!=0.0 || display==0.0 || display>s1[7]);
output=malloc(8*2*(s1[8]+2)*(s1[9]+2));
if(!output){
ex2();
goto label33; }
count=(s1[8]+2);
box1=0.0;
printf("\nEnter initial values, u(x,y,0) as prompted\n");
printf("including values of boundary conditions at boundaries\n");
for(i=0; i<=s1[9]+1 ;++i){
ex2();
box=0.0;
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
printf("\nEnter initial value at X= %-20.5lf Y= %-20.5lf\n", box, box1);
*(output+(i*count)+j)=value;
box=box+s1[1];}
box1=box1+s1[1];}
box1=0.0;
printf("\nEnter values of initial velocity, u'(x,y,0) as prompted\n");
for(i=0; i<=s1[9]+1 ;++i){
ex2();
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box=0.0;
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
printf("\nEnter initial velocity value at X= %-20.5lf Y= %-20.5lf\n", box, box1);
array1[i][j]=value;
box=box+s1[1];}
box1=box1+s1[1];}
ex2();
printf("\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]*s1[9]);
fprintf(fp_hyperbolic_2dim,"\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]*s1[9]);
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
ex2();
box=0.0;
printf("The output at t= %-20.5lf proceeding from highest to lowest row\n",box);
for(i=s1[9]+1; i>=0 ;--i){
printf("\nFor row %-20d\n\n", i+1);
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
printf("%-20.5lf",*(output+(i*count)+j) ); }
box=0.0;
fprintf(fp_hyperbolic_2dim,"The output at t= %-20.5lf proceeding from highest to lowest row\n",box);
for(i=s1[9]+1; i>=0 ;--i){
fprintf(fp_hyperbolic_2dim,"\nFor row %-20d\n\n", i+1);
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
fprintf(fp_hyperbolic_2dim,"%-20.5lf",*(output+(i*count)+j) ); }
fprintf(fp_hyperbolic_2dim,"\n");}

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break; }}

for(j=0 ; j<column ; ++j)*(output+count1+(i*count)+j)=*(output+(i*count)+j);
/* Now to use the Explicit method to solve our problem */

for(s=1; s<=display ;++s){
for(i=1; i<row-1 ;++i){

for(j=1; j<column-1 ;++j){
if(k==1 && s==1 )

*(output+count1+(i*count)+j) = .25*( *(output+(i*count)+j-1) + *(output+(i*count)+j+1) +
*(output+((i+1)*count)+j) + *(output+((i-1)*count)+j) )+(s1[4]*array1[i][j]);
else
*(output+count1+(i*count)+j) = s1[2]*(*(output+(i*count)+j-
1)+*(output+(i*count)+j+1)+*(output+((i+1)*count)+j)+*(output+((i-1)*count)+j) ) - array1[i][j] + ((2-
(4*s1[2])) * *(output+(i*count)+j));
}}
for(m=1; m<row-1 ;++m)

for(n=1; n<column-1 ;++n) array1[m][n] = *(output+(m*count)+n);
for(m=1; m<row-1 ;++m)

for(n=1; n<column-1 ;++n) *(output+(m*count)+n) = *(output+count1+(m*count)+n);
if(s==display){
ex2();
printf("The output at t= %-20.5lf proceeding from highest to lowest row\n",s1[4]*k*display);
fprintf(fp_hyperbolic_2dim,"\n\n\nThe output at t= %-20.5lf proceeding from highest to lowest
row\n",s1[4]*k*display);
for(i=s1[9]+1; i>=0 ;--i){
printf("\n\nFor row %-20d\n\n", i+1);
fprintf(fp_hyperbolic_2dim,"\n\nFor row %-20d\n\n", i+1);
for(j=0; j<=s1[8]+1 ;++j){
printf("%-20.5e",*(output+(i*count)+j) );
fprintf(fp_hyperbolic_2dim,"%-20.5e",*(output+(i*count)+j) );}

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break; } } } }}
label33:
free(output);
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
HYPER1.C
#include "header.h"
extern void parabolic1(double *s1, int choice, FILE *fp_parabolic1)

{
double box=0.0, value, integer ;
int i, j, k, l , m, n ;
int that, count ;
double aray[10] = {0}, aray1[10] = {0}, degree, degree1 ;
char ch='\0' ;
if(!output){
ex2();
goto label33; }
count=s1[8]+2;
label7:
ex2();
printf("\nEnter function of initial velocity, G(x,0) as prompted\n");
if(degree1>9){
goto label7;}

for(j=1 ; j<=s1[8] ; ++j) *(output+j)=poly(s1[1]*j, degree1, aray1);}
else{
ex2();
box=s1[1];
printf("\nEnter values of initial velocity as prompted\n\n");
for(i=1; i<=s1[8] ;++i){
printf("\nEnter value at X= %-20.5lf\n", box);
*(output+i)=value;
box=box+s1[1];}}
label1:
ex2();
box=s1[1];
printf("\nEnter function of initial values, Y(x,0) as prompted\n");
if(degree>9){
goto label1;}

for(j=1 ; j<=s1[8] ; ++j) *(output+count+j)=poly(s1[1]*j, degree, aray);}
else{
ex2();
box=s1[1];
printf("\nEnter initial values, Y(x,0) as prompted\n");
for(i=1; i<=s1[8] ;++i){
*(output+count+i)=value;
box=box+s1[1];}}
that=s1[8];
*(output+count)=s1[5];
*(output+count+that+1)=s1[6];
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
do{
ex2();
printf("value, otherwise the program will see to it that it is ....\n\n");
dummy=s1[7]/value;
modf(dummy, &integer);
s1[7]=integer*value;
dummy1=value/1.0;
}while( fraction1!=0.0 || value==0.0 || value>s1[7]);
ex2();
fprintf(fp_parabolic1,"\nThe # of internal mesh points used is %-20.0lf\n",s1[8]);
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
for(m=0; m<=that+1 ;++m) *(output+count+count+m)=*(output+count+m);
ex2();
box=0.0;
for(l=0; l<=s1[8]+1 ;++l)printf("%-20.5e",*(output+count+l));
box=0.0;
fprintf(fp_parabolic1,"\nThe output at t= %-20.6lf\n\n",box);
for(l=0; l<=s1[8]+1 ;++l)fprintf(fp_parabolic1,"%-20.5e",*(output+count+l));

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
box=value*s1[4];
for(j=1; j<=s1[8] ;++j){
if(i==1 && k==1)

*(output+count+count+j)= .5 * (*(output+count+j+1) + *(output+count+j-1)) + (*(output+j)*s1[4]);
else
*(output+count+count+j)= *(output+count+j+1) + *(output+count+j-1) - *(output+j); }

for(m=1; m<=that ;++m)*(output+count+m)=*(output+count+count+m);
if(i==value){
for(l=0; l<=s1[8]+1 ;++l)printf("%-20.5e",*(output+count+l));
fprintf(fp_parabolic1,"\n\nThe output at t= %-20.6lf\n\n",box);
for(l=0; l<=s1[8]+1 ;++l)fprintf(fp_parabolic1,"%-20.5e",*(output+count+l));

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
}}
label33:
free(output);
}
INITIAL.C
#include "header.h"
extern void initial(double *s1, double *s2)

{
double row, column, i, j ;
char ch='\0';
. 87.87
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row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
printf("rows=%-5.0f\ncolumns=%-5.0f\n",row,column);

s2[4]=(s2[2]*s1[1]+s2[3]*s1[1]+s2[0]*s1[0]+s2[1]*s1[0]);
s2[4]=s2[4]+((s2[1]+s2[2])/2)+((s2[0]+s2[2])/2)+((s2[1]+s2[3])/2)+((s2[0]+s2[3])/2);
s2[4]=s2[4]/(2*(row+(column-2)));
/* giving all points in the array1 the average of the boundary value at first */
{for(j=0 ; j<column ; ++j) array1[i][j] = s2[4] ;}
/* fixing our initial conditions by entering the boundary values for

the boundary elements, but we will not use the 4 corner elements
in the five point app. */
for(i=0 ; i<row ; ++i) array1[i][0]=s2[2] ;

for(i=0 ; i<row ; ++i) array1[i][column-1]=s2[3] ;
for(j=0 ; j<column ; ++j) array1[0][j]=s2[1] ;
for(j=0 ; j<column ; ++j) array1[row-1][j]=s2[0] ;
array1[0][0]=(s2[1]+s2[2])/2 ;
array1[row-1][0]=(s2[0]+s2[2])/2 ;
array1[0][column-1]=(s2[1]+s2[3])/2 ;
array1[row-1][column-1]=(s2[0]+s2[3])/2 ;

printf("From the upper to the lower side\n\n");
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
JACOBI1P.C
#include "header.h"
extern void jacobi1p(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_jacobi1p)

{
char ch='\0';
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
for(i=0 ; i<=row-1 ; ++i)

for(j=0 ; j<=column-1 ; ++j)
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
array1[i][j]=.25*(cde[i+1][j]+cde[i-1][j]+cde[i][j+1]+cde[i][j-1]+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));
if((tl!=0.0) && (fabs(array1[i][j] - cde[i][j]) < tl) ) ++n ;
else if((tl==0.0) && (array1[i][j] == cde[i][j]) ) ++n; } }
ex2();
fprintf(fp_jacobi1p,"\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
JACOBI2P.C
#include "header.h"
extern void jacobi2p(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_jacobi2p)

{
char ch='\0';
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
for(i=0 ; i<=row-1 ; ++i)

for(j=0 ; j<=column-1 ; ++j)
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
array1[i][j]=.05*4*(cde[i+1][j]+cde[i-1][j]+cde[i][j+1]+cde[i][j-1]);
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]+(.05*(cde[i-1][j-1]+cde[i-1][j+1]+cde[i+1][j-1]+cde[i+1][j+1]));
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]+(.05*6*s1[2]*s1[2]*cdef[i][j]);
if((tl!=0.0) && (fabs(array1[i][j] - cde[i][j]) < tl) ) ++n ;
else if((tl==0.0) && (array1[i][j] == cde[i][j]) ) ++n; }
}
ex2();
fprintf(fp_jacobi2p,"\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
MAIN.C
#include "header.h"
extern void main2(FILE *fp2);

extern int type4(FILE *fp_type4);
extern void password(char *p1);
extern void ex1(void);
extern void time1(FILE *fp_time1);
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
int main(void)
{
char sure, answer ;
char password1[6] ;
int t, j1;
FILE *fp, *fp1;
ex1();
password(password1);
if(password1[0]!='8' || password1[1]!='3' || password1[2]!='0' || password1[3]!='0' || password1[4]!='7' ||
password1[5]!='5'){
printf("\nIncorrect Password\n");
printf("Get the Password right and try again");
goto label1;}
do{
if((fp=fopen("pdefile.out","a+t")) == NULL){
ex2();
puts("Cannot open a file to store your results in");
puts("Write protected disk or disk is full");
puts("\nSolve this problem and try again");
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open input file.\n");
goto label1;}
if((fp1=fopen("test.out","w")) == NULL){
ex2();
puts("Cannot append to the open file to store your results in");
puts("Write protected disk or disk is full");
puts("\nSolve this problem and try again");
goto label1;}
fclose(fp1);
remove("test.out");
ex2();
t=type4(fp);
switch(t){
case 1:
main2(fp);
break;
case 2:
main3(fp);
break;
case 3:
main4(fp);
break;}
time1(fp);
fprintf(fp,"\nThank you for using Kutkut's Numerical PDE Solver\n");
fprintf(fp,"February, 1994 Amman - Jordan\n\n");
for (j1=0; j1<80; j1++)fprintf(fp,"*");
fclose(fp);
do{
printf("\n\nWould you like to Run this program once again y/n \n");
sure='p';
sure=tolower(getche());
if(sure=='n')break;
}while(sure!='y');
}while(sure=='y');
label1:
printf("\n\nThank you for using Kutkut's Numerical PDE Solver\n");

printf("February, 1994 Amman - Jordan\n\n");
return (0) ;
MAIN1.C
#include "header.h"
extern void mixed1(double *s1, int type5, FILE *fp_mixed1);

extern int type(FILE *fp_type);
extern int type5(FILE *fp_type5);
extern int method_soln(FILE *fp_method_soln);
extern void poissonf(double *s1);
extern void grid_dim(double *s, FILE *fp_grid_dim);
extern void poisson3(double *s1);
. 87.87
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extern void main1(int choice_elliptic1, FILE *fp_main1) {
int type1, type2;

double grid_dimension[3];
ex2();
switch(choice_elliptic1){
case 3:
type1=type5(fp_main1);
break;
case 4:
type1=type(fp_main1);
break;}
ex2();
grid_dim(grid_dimension, fp_main1);
if(type1==5 || type1==6){
ex2();
poisson3(grid_dimension); }
switch(type1){
case 2:
case 4:
ex2();
poissonf(grid_dimension);
case 5:
case 6:
case 1:
case 3:
ex2();
type2=method_soln(fp_main1);
switch(type2){
case 1:
ex2();
mixed2(grid_dimension, type1, fp_main1);
break;
case 2:
ex2();
break;
case 3:
ex2();
break; }}
MAIN2.C
#include "header.h"
#include "myhead.h"
extern double grid_bound(double *s);

extern void grid_dim(double *s, FILE *fp_grid_dim);
extern void dimension(double *dimn, FILE *fp_dimension);
extern void initial(double *s1, double *s2);
extern int method(FILE *fp_method);
extern int eqn(FILE *fp_eqn);
extern int eqn1(FILE *fp_eqn1);
extern double poisson1(double *s1);
extern double bndry2(double *s1);
extern void poissonf(double *s1);
extern void jacobi1p(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_jacobi1p);
extern void jacobi2p(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_jacobi2p);
extern void gaus_seidel1p(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_gaus_seidel1p);
extern void gaus_seidel2p(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_gaus_seidel2p);
extern void sor1p(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_sor1p);
extern int choice_dnm(FILE *fp_elliptic);
extern void main1(int choice_elliptic1, FILE *fp_main1);
extern void adi2(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_adi2);
extern void semi_circle3(int choice1, FILE *fp_semi_circle3);
extern void semi_circle4(int choice1, FILE *fp_semi_circle4);
extern void circle3(int choice1, FILE *fp_circle3);
extern void circle4(int choice1, FILE *fp_circle4);
extern void note(FILE *fp_note);
extern double points(double *s1);
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH

extern void poisson2(double *s1);
extern void main2(FILE *fp2)

{
double grid_boundary[5], grid_dimension[3], row, column ;
double tolerance, i, j ;
int choice, choice_elliptic , method1, choice2 ;
ex2();
choice_elliptic = choice_dnm(fp2) ;
switch(choice_elliptic){
case 1:
clrscr();
choice=eqn(fp2);
ex2();
note(fp2);
switch(choice){
case 1:
case 2:
case 3:
case 4:
ex2();
grid_dim(grid_dimension, fp2);
if(choice==2 || choice==4){ex2();
poisson1(grid_dimension);}
ex2();
tolerance=grid_bound(grid_boundary);
ex2();
dimension(grid_dimension, fp2);
ex2();
initial(grid_dimension, grid_boundary);}
else{
ex2();
tolerance=bndry2(grid_dimension);
ex2();
dimension(grid_dimension, fp2); }
break;
case 5:
case 6:
ex2();
if(choice==5){
ex2();
tolerance=grid_bound(grid_boundary);
ex2();
ex2();
ex2();
initial(grid_dimension, grid_boundary);
break;}
else{
ex2();
tolerance=bndry2(grid_dimension);
ex2();
ex2();
dimension(grid_dimension, fp2); }
break;
case 7:
ex2();
ex2();
tolerance=points(grid_dimension);
ex2();
break;
case 8:
case 9:
case 10:
ex2();
ex2();
if(choice==9)poissonf(grid_dimension);
else if(choice==10)poisson2(grid_dimension);
else poisson1(grid_dimension);
ex2();
tolerance=points(grid_dimension);
ex2();
break; }
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
clrscr();
method1=method(fp2);
switch(method1){
case 1:
jacobi1p(grid_dimension, tolerance, fp2);
break;
case 2:
gaus_seidel1p(grid_dimension, tolerance, fp2);
break;
case 3:
jacobi2p(grid_dimension, tolerance, fp2);
break;
case 4:
gaus_seidel2p(grid_dimension, tolerance, fp2);
break;
case 5:
sor2p(grid_dimension, tolerance, fp2);
break;
case 6:
break;
case 7:
break;
case 8:
break;
case 9:
adi2(grid_dimension, tolerance, fp2);
break;
case 10:
break;
case 11:
break;}
row=(grid_dimension[1]+2);
column=(grid_dimension[0]+2);
fprintf(fp2,"The array will look like this\n");

fprintf(fp2,"From the upper to the lower side\n");
fprintf(fp2,"\nrows= %-5.0lf",row);
fprintf(fp2,"\ncolumns= %-5.0lf \n\n",column);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
fprintf(fp2,"row # %-5.0lf\n",i+1);
fprintf(fp2,"%-20.5e",array1[i][j]);
fprintf(fp2,"\n\n");}
break;
case 2:
clrscr();
choice2=eqn1(fp2);
if(choice2==1 || choice2==5 || choice2==2 || choice2==6)graph3();

else graph2();
ex2();
note(fp2);
switch(choice2){
case 1:
case 5:
ex2();
semi_circle3(choice2, fp2);
break;
case 2:
case 6:
ex2();
semi_circle4(choice2, fp2);
break;
case 3:
case 7:
ex2();
circle3(choice2, fp2);
break;
case 4:
case 8:
ex2();
circle4(choice2, fp2);
break; }break;
case 3:
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
case 4: main1(choice_elliptic, fp2);

}
MAIN3.C
#include "header.h"
extern void enter1(double *s1, int choice, double *dff1, FILE *fp_enter1);
extern void explicit2(double *s1, int choice, FILE *fp_explicit2);
extern int eqn_parabolic(FILE *fp_eqn_parabolic);
extern void crank2(double *s1, int choice, FILE *fp_crank2);
extern void note1(FILE *fp_note1);
extern void explicit3(double *s1, int choice, double *dff1, FILE *fp_explicit3);
extern void crank3(double *s1, int choice, double *dff1, FILE *fp_crank3);
extern void enter2(double *s1, FILE *fp_enter2);
extern void adip(double *s1, FILE *fp_adip);

{
double boundaries[10] , derivative[4];
int choicep;
note1(fp3);
choicep=eqn_parabolic(fp3);
if(choicep<=8)enter1(boundaries, choicep, derivative, fp3);
else graph1();
switch(choicep){
case 1:
explicit2(boundaries, choicep, fp3);
break;
case 2:
explicit2(boundaries, choicep, fp3);
break;
case 3:
crank2(boundaries, choicep, fp3);
break;
case 4:
crank2(boundaries, choicep, fp3);
break;
case 5:
explicit3(boundaries, choicep, derivative, fp3);
break;
case 6:
explicit3(boundaries, choicep, derivative, fp3);
break;
case 7:
crank3(boundaries, choicep, derivative, fp3);
break;
case 8:
crank3(boundaries, choicep, derivative, fp3);
break;
case 9:
enter2(boundaries, fp3);
adip(boundaries, fp3);
break;}
MAIN4.C
#include "header.h"
extern void enterh(double *s1, FILE *fp_enterh);

extern int eqn_hyperbolic(FILE *fp_eqn_hyperbolic);
extern void parabolic1(double *s1, int choice, FILE *fp_parabolic1);
extern void note2(FILE *fp_note2);
extern void hyperbolic_2dim(double *s1, FILE *fp_hyperbolic_2dim);
extern void enter2_hyperbolic(double *s1, FILE *fp_enter2_hyperbolic);

{
double boundaries[10] , derivative[4];
int choicep;
note2(fp4);
choicep=eqn_hyperbolic(fp4);
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
if(choicep<=4)enterh(boundaries, fp4);
else {
graph1();
enter2_hyperbolic(boundaries, fp4);}
switch(choicep){
case 1:
case 2:
case 3:
case 4:
parabolic1(boundaries, choicep, fp4);
break;
case 5:
hyperbolic_2dim(boundaries, fp4);
break;}
METHOD.C
#include "header.h"
extern int method(FILE *fp_method)

{
int choice=0;
char ch='\0';
do{
printf("\n\nEnter the # associated with the method you would like to use\n");
printf("for solving the eqn with Dirichlet conditions\n\n\n\n");
printf("1 : Jacobi iterative method for solving systems of eqs\n");

printf(" using 5 point approximation \n\n");
printf("2 : Gauss-Seidel iterative method for solving systems of eqs\n");

printf(" Liebmann's Method - using 5 point approximation \n\n");


printf("5 : Successive Overrelaxation method, the user entering his/her S.O.R. factor\n");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
clrscr();
printf("\n\nEnter the # associated with the method you would like to use\n");
printf("for solving the eqn with Dirichlet conditions\n\n\n");
printf("6 : Successive Overrelaxation method using an optimum S.O.R. factor\n");

printf("7 : Successive Overrelaxation method, the user entering his/her S.O.R. factor\n");

printf("9 : using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) without P factor\n\n");
printf("10: using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) with the user \n");
printf(" entering his/her P factor\n\n");
printf("11: using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) with optimum\n");

printf(" P factor\n\n\n");

ex2();
switch(choice){
case 1:
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH

break;
case 2:
break;
case 3:
break;
case 4:
break;
case 5:
printf("5 : Successive Overrelaxation method, the user entering his/her S.O.R.
factor\n");
break;
case 6:
break;
case 7:
printf("7 : Successive Overrelaxation method, the user entering his/her S.O.R.
factor\n");
break;
case 8:
break;
case 9:
printf("9 : using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) without P
factor\n\n");
break;
case 10:
printf("10: using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) with the user
\n");
printf(" entering his/her P factor\n\n");
break;
case 11:
printf("11: using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) with optimum\n");
printf(" P factor\n\n");
break;}
fprintf(fp_method,"\nYour choice was\n\n");

switch(choice){
case 1:
fprintf(fp_method,"1 : Jacobi iterative method for solving systems of eqs\n");
fprintf(fp_method," using 5 point approximation \n\n");
break;
case 2:
fprintf(fp_method,"2 : Gauss-Seidel iterative method for solving systems of eqs\n");
fprintf(fp_method," Liebmann's Method - using 5 point approximation \n\n");
break;
case 3:
fprintf(fp_method,"3 : Jacobi iterative method for solving systems of eqs\n");
break;
case 4:
fprintf(fp_method,"4 : Gauss-Seidel iterative method for solving systems of eqs\n");
fprintf(fp_method," Liebmann's Method - using 9 point approximation \n\n");
break;
case 5:
fprintf(fp_method,"5 : Successive Overrelaxation method, the user entering his/her
S.O.R. factor\n");
break;
case 6:
fprintf(fp_method,"6 : Successive Overrelaxation method using an optimum S.O.R.
factor\n");
break;
case 7:
fprintf(fp_method,"7 : Successive Overrelaxation method, the user entering his/her
S.O.R. factor\n");
break;
case 8:
fprintf(fp_method,"8 : Successive Overrelaxation method using an optimum S.O.R.
factor\n");
break;
case 9:
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
fprintf(fp_method,"9 : using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.)

without P factor\n\n");
break;
case 10:
fprintf(fp_method,"10: using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) with
the user \n");
fprintf(fp_method," entering his/her P factor\n\n");
break;
case 11:
fprintf(fp_method,"11: using the alternating-direction implicit method (A.D.I.) with
optimum\n");
fprintf(fp_method," P factor\n\n");
break;}

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
return choice;
}
METHOD5.C
#include "header.h"
extern int method_soln(FILE *fp_method_soln)

{
int choice, ch ;
do{
printf("Enter the # associated with the method you would like to use\n");
printf("for solving your Problem\n\n");
printf("1: Jacobi iterative method for solving systems of eqs\n");

printf(" using 5 point approximation method\n\n");
printf("2: Gauss-Seidel iterative method for solving systems of eqs\n");

printf(" Liebmann's Method - using 5 point approximation method\n\n");
printf("3: Successive Overrelaxation method using an optimum S.O.R. factor\n");


ex2();
printf("\n\nYour choice was\n\n");
switch(choice){
case 1:
printf("1: Jacobi iterative method for solving systems of eqs\n");
break;
case 2:
printf("2: Gauss-Seidel iterative method for solving systems of eqs\n");
printf(" Liebmann's Method - using 5 point approximation method\n\n");
break;
case 3:
printf("3: Successive Overrelaxation method using an optimum S.O.R factor\n");
break;}
fprintf(fp_method_soln,"\n\nYour choice was\n\n");

switch(choice){
case 1:
fprintf(fp_method_soln,"1: Jacobi iterative method for solving systems of eqs\n");
fprintf(fp_method_soln," using 5 point approximation method\n\n");
break;
case 2:
fprintf(fp_method_soln,"2: Gauss-Seidel iterative method for solving systems of
eqs\n");
fprintf(fp_method_soln," Liebmann's Method - using 5 point approximation
method\n\n");
break;
case 3:
fprintf(fp_method_soln,"3: Successive Overrelaxation method using an optimum S.O.R
factor\n");
fprintf(fp_method_soln," using 5 point approximation method\n\n");
break;}
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
return choice;
}
MIXED1.C
#include "header.h"
extern void mixed1(double *s1, int type5, FILE *fp_mixed1)

{
double aray1[10] = {0}, aray2[10] = {0}, dff1[4] = {0};
double aray3[10] = {0}, aray4[10] = {0};
double bd1[2][51] = {0}, bd2[2][51] = {0};
double row, column, i, j, total_size ;
char ch='\0';
double degree1, degree2, degree3, degree4, k, tl=.01;
char sure='p', answer='l' ;
double mesh_points=0;
double value=0 ,number, n, initial1, initial2, end1, end2, savior ;
label1:
do {
printf("Left boundary\n\n");
printf("will this boundary be expressed as a normal derivative y/n \n");
answer=getche();
if(answer=='y')dff1[0]=1;
}while(!(answer=='y' || answer=='n'));
printf("\n\nEnter left boundary as a function of Y\n");

if(degree1>9){
goto label1;}
printf("\nEnter coefficients of Y, proceeding from const to highest degree");
ex2();
answer='l';
do {
printf("Right boundary\n\n");
answer=getche();
printf("\n\nEnter right boundary as a function of Y\n");

if(degree2>9){
goto label1;}
ex2();
answer='l';
do {
printf("Upper boundary\n\n");
answer=getche();
printf("\n\nEnter upper boundary as a function of X\n");

if(degree3>9){
goto label1;}
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
ex2();
answer='l';
do {
printf("Lower boundary\n\n");
answer=getche();
printf("\n\nEnter lower boundary as a function of X\n");

if(degree4>9){
goto label1;}
if((dff1[0]+dff1[1]+dff1[2]+dff1[3]!=4)&&(type5==1||type5==2)){
ex2();
printf("\nThe four boundaries were not expressed as derivatives\n");
printf("And you selected ( solving a Neumann Problem ), when the four\n");
printf("boundaries are expressed as derivatives then the Elliptic eqn\n");
printf("is a Second Order Boundary Value Problem or a Neumann Problem\n");
printf("You have a Problem with Nomenclature, be careful !!!\n\n");
printf("I will continue solving your Mixed Problem \n\n");
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"\nThe four boundaries were not expressed as derivatives\n");

fprintf(fp_mixed1,"And you selected ( solving a Neumann Problem ), when the four\n");
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"boundaries are expressed as derivatives then the Elliptic eqn\n");
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"is a Second Order Boundary Value Problem or a Neumann Problem\n");
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"You have a Problem with Nomenclature, be careful !!!\n\n");
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"I will continue solving your Mixed Problem \n\n");}
else if((dff1[0]+dff1[1]+dff1[2]+dff1[3]==4)&&(type5==3||type5==4)){
ex2();
printf("\nThe four boundaries were expressed as derivatives\n");
printf("And you selected ( solving a Mixed Problem ), when the four\n");
printf("I will continue solving your four derivative bounded Problem (Neumann)\n\n");
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"\nThe four boundaries were expressed as derivatives\n");

fprintf(fp_mixed1,"And you selected ( solving a Mixed Problem ), when the four\n");
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"I will continue solving your four derivative bounded Problem (Neumann)\n\n");}
else if(dff1[0]+dff1[1]+dff1[2]+dff1[3]==0){
ex2();
printf("\nNone of The four boundaries were expressed as normal derivatives\n");
printf("When none of the boundaries are expressed as normal deivatives then\n");
printf("The Elliptic eqn\n");
printf("is a First Order Boundary Value Problem or a Dirichlet Problem\n");
printf("I will continue solving your ( Dirichlet Problem )\n\n");
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"\nNone of The four boundaries were expressed as normal derivatives\n");

fprintf(fp_mixed1,"When none of the boundaries are expressed as normal deivatives then\n");
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"The Elliptic eqn\n");
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"is a First Order Boundary Value Problem or a Dirichlet Problem\n");
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"I will continue solving your ( Dirichlet Problem )\n\n");}
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
ex2();
do{
scanf("%lf",&tl);
if(tl==0){
else break;
}while(sure!='y');
tl=fabs(tl);
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
ex2();
printf("\nNow you should enter the boundary values at the corners of the shape\n\n");
printf("Be careful and enter them accurately, they affect the results\n\n");
printf("\nLower left corner\n");
scanf("%lf",&array1[0][0]);
printf("\nUpper left corner\n");
scanf("%lf",&array1[row-1][0]);
printf("\nLower right corner\n");
scanf("%lf",&array1[0][column-1]);
printf("\nUpper right corner\n");
scanf("%lf",&array1[row-1][column-1]);

/* Note that the loop always starts from zero since the corner */
/* points are not included in the main loop */
if(dff1[0]==0){
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
array1[i][0] =poly(s1[2]*i, degree1, aray1 );}
else{
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
bd1[0][i] =poly(s1[2]*i, degree1, aray1 );}
if(dff1[1]==0){
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
array1[i][column-1]= poly(s1[2]*i, degree2, aray2 );}
else{
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
bd1[1][i] = poly(s1[2]*i, degree2, aray2 );}
if(dff1[2]==0){
array1[row-1][j] = poly(s1[2]*j, degree3, aray3 );}
else{
bd2[0][j] = poly(s1[2]*j, degree3, aray3 );}
if(dff1[3]==0){
array1[0][j] = poly(s1[2]*j, degree4, aray4);}
else{
bd2[1][j] = poly(s1[2]*j, degree4, aray4);}
ex2();
printf("\nTo what value would you like to initialize the internal mesh points\n");
printf("\nEnter the value\n");
scanf("%lf",&value);
/* initializing the internal mesh points with the given value */

for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
{for(j=1 ; j<(column-1) ; ++j) array1[i][j] = value ;}
/* Internal # of mesh points */

mesh_points=s1[0]*s1[1]+dff1[0]*s1[1]+dff1[1]*s1[1]+dff1[2]*s1[0]+dff1[3]*s1[0];
/* Total mesh points used in calculations */

total_size=(2*(s1[0]+s1[1]))+(s1[0]*s1[1])+(dff1[0]*s1[1]+dff1[1]*s1[1]+dff1[2]*s1[0]+dff1[3]*s1[0]);
if(dff1[0]+dff1[1]+dff1[2]+dff1[3]==0)total_size=total_size;
else if(dff1[0]+dff1[1]+dff1[2]+dff1[3]==1)total_size=total_size+2;
else if(dff1[0]+dff1[1]+dff1[2]+dff1[3]>=3)total_size=total_size+4;
else if(dff1[0]==1&&dff1[3]==1&&dff1[2]==0&&dff1[1]==0)total_size=total_size+3;
ex2();
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
printf("\nThe number of internal mesh points is %-10.0lf\n",mesh_points);

printf("\nThe number of total mesh points used in calculatios including fictious\n");
printf("when present is %-10.0lf\n\n",total_size);
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"\nThe number of internal mesh points is %-10.0lf\n",mesh_points);

fprintf(fp_mixed1,"\nThe number of total mesh points used in calculatios including fictious\n");
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"when present is %-10.0lf\n\n",total_size);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
if(dff1[0]==1)initial2=0;
else initial2=1;
if(dff1[1]==1)end2=column;
else end2=column-1;
if(dff1[2]==1)end1=row;
else end1=row-1;
else initial1=1;
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
for(i=initial1 ; i<end1 ; ++i){
for(j=initial2 ; j<end2 ; ++j){
if((i==0&&j==0)||(i==row-1&&j==0)||(i==0&&j==column-1)||(i==row-1&&j==column-1))
continue;
if(j==0){
array1[i][j]=.25*(array1[i+1][j]+array1[i-1][j]+(2*array1[i][j+1])-
(2*s1[2]*bd1[0][i])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));}
else if(j==(column-1)){
array1[i][j]=.25*(array1[i+1][j]+array1[i-1][j]+(2*array1[i][j-
1])+(2*s1[2]*bd1[1][i])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));}
else if(i==(row-1)){
array1[i][j]=.25*((2*array1[i-1][j])+array1[i][j+1]+array1[i][j-
1]+(2*s1[2]*bd2[0][j])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));}
else if(i==0){
array1[i][j]=.25*((2*array1[i+1][j])+array1[i][j+1]+array1[i][j-1]-
(2*s1[2]*bd2[1][j])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));}
else
array1[i][j]=.25*(array1[i+1][j]+array1[i-1][j]+array1[i][j+1]+array1[i][j-
1]+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));
}
}while(n!=(mesh_points));
ex2();
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);

fprintf(fp_mixed1,"The array will look like this\n");
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"From the upper to the lower side\n");
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"\nrows= %-5.0lf",row);
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"\ncolumns= %-5.0lf \n\n",column);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"row # %-5.0lf\n",i+1);
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"%-20.5e",array1[i][j]);
fprintf(fp_mixed1,"\n\n");}
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
MIXED2.C
#include "header.h"

{
double aray3[10] = {0}, aray4[10] = {0};
double bd1[2][51] = {0}, bd2[2][51] = {0};
double row, column, i, j, total_size ;
char ch='\0';
double value=0 ,number, n, initial1, initial2, end1, end2 ;
label1:
do {
answer=getche();

if(degree1>9){
goto label1;}
ex2();
answer='l';
do {
answer=getche();

if(degree2>9){
goto label1;}
ex2();
answer='l';
do {
answer=getche();

if(degree3>9){
goto label1;}
ex2();
answer='l';
do {
printf("\nLower boundary\n\n");
answer=getche();
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH

if(degree4>9){
goto label1;}
ex2();
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}

ex2();
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}

ex2();
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}

ex2();
do{
scanf("%lf",&tl);
if(tl==0){
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
else break;
}while(sure!='y');
tl=fabs(tl);
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
ex2();

if(dff1[0]==0){
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
else{
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
if(dff1[1]==0){
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
else{
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
if(dff1[2]==0){
else{
if(dff1[3]==0){
else{
ex2();

for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)


ex2();

. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}

else initial2=1;
else end2=column-1;
else end1=row-1;
else initial1=1;
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
continue;
if(j==0){
array1[i][j]=.25*(cde[i+1][j]+cde[i-1][j]+(2*cde[i][j+1])-
(2*s1[2]*bd1[0][i])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));}
array1[i][j]=.25*(cde[i+1][j]+cde[i-1][j]+(2*cde[i][j-
1])+(2*s1[2]*bd1[1][i])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));}
array1[i][j]=.25*((2*cde[i-1][j])+cde[i][j+1]+cde[i][j-
1]+(2*s1[2]*bd2[0][j])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));}
else if(i==0){
array1[i][j]=.25*((2*cde[i+1][j])+cde[i][j+1]+cde[i][j-1]-
(2*s1[2]*bd2[1][j])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));}
else
array1[i][j]=.25*(cde[i+1][j]+cde[i-1][j]+cde[i][j+1]+cde[i][j-1]+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2]));
}
ex2();
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
fprintf(fp_mixed2,"\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);

for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
MIXED3.C
#include "header.h"
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH

{
double aray3[10] = {0}, aray4[10] = {0};
double bd1[2][51] = {0}, bd2[2][51] = {0};
double row, column, i, j, total_size , c, wopt ;
char ch='\0';
double value=0 ,number, n, initial1, initial2, end1, end2, savior ;
label1:
do {
answer=getche();

if(degree1>9){
goto label1;}
ex2();
answer='l';
do {
answer=getche();

if(degree2>9){
goto label1;}
ex2();
answer='l';
do {
answer=getche();

if(degree3>9){
goto label1;}
ex2();
answer='l';
do {
printf("Lower boundary\n\n");
answer=getche();

. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
if(degree4>9){
goto label1;}
ex2();
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}

ex2();
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}

ex2();
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}

ex2();
do{
scanf("%lf",&tl);
if(tl==0){
else break;
}while(sure!='y');
tl=fabs(tl);
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
ex2();

if(dff1[0]==0){
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
else{
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
if(dff1[1]==0){
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
else{
for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)
if(dff1[2]==0){
else{
if(dff1[3]==0){
else{
ex2();

for(i=1 ; i<(row-1) ; ++i)


ex2();


ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
else initial2=1;
else end2=column-1;
else end1=row-1;
else initial1=1;
c=cos(M_PI/(s1[1]+1))+cos(M_PI/(s1[0]+1));
wopt=(4/(2+sqrt(4-(c*c))));
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
continue;
if(j==0){
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]+(wopt*.25*(array1[i+1][j]+array1[i-1][j]+(2*array1[i][j+1])-
(2*s1[2]*bd1[0][i])-(4*array1[i][j])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2])));}
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]+(wopt*.25*(array1[i+1][j]+array1[i-1][j]+(2*array1[i][j-
1])+(2*s1[2]*bd1[1][i])-(4*array1[i][j])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2])));}
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]+(wopt*.25*((2*array1[i-1][j])+array1[i][j+1]+array1[i][j-
1]+(2*s1[2]*bd2[0][j])-(4*array1[i][j])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2])));}
else if(i==0){
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]+(wopt*.25*((2*array1[i+1][j])+array1[i][j+1]+array1[i][j-1]-
(2*s1[2]*bd2[1][j])-(4*array1[i][j])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2])));}
else
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]+(wopt*.25*(array1[i+1][j]+array1[i-1][j]+array1[i][j+1]+array1[i][j-1]-
(4*array1[i][j])+(cdef[i][j]*s1[2]*s1[2])));
ex2();
printf("\nThe optimum value of the S.O.R. factor used is, w = %-8.6f\n", wopt);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
fprintf(fp_mixed3,"\nThe optimum value of the S.O.R. factor used is, w = %-8.6f\n", wopt);
fprintf(fp_mixed3,"\nThe number of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
MYHEAD.H
#define ROWS 50
#define COLUMNS 50
extern double array1[ROWS][COLUMNS]={0.0};
extern double cdef[ROWS][COLUMNS]={0.0};
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
NOTE.C
#include "header.h"
extern void note(FILE *fp_note)

{
char ch;
printf("\nThis program will use the average of the boundary values you enter as a guide\n");
printf("to the most appropriate value needed for initialization of the internal mesh\n");
printf("points, and the corner points of the grid will take the average values of the\n");
printf("boundaries that surround them - if you are not asked to enter them -\n\n");
fprintf(fp_note,"\nThis program will use the average of the boundary values you enter as a guide\n");
fprintf(fp_note,"to the most appropriate value needed for initialization of the internal mesh\n");
fprintf(fp_note,"points, and the corner points of the grid will take the average values of the\n");
fprintf(fp_note,"boundaries that surround them - if you are not asked to enter them -\n\n");
printf("Press RETURN to continue");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
printf("\n");
NOTE1.C
#include "header.h"
extern void note1(FILE *fp_note1)
{
char ch;
ex2();
printf("\nThe following menu uses the heat eqn as a prototype for parabolic PDEs\n");
printf("but the methods listed apply equally to diffusion of materials, flow of \n");
printf("fluids (under conditions of laminar flow), flow of electricity in cables \n");
printf("(the telegraph equations) and so on\n");
fprintf(fp_note1,"\nThe following menu uses the heat eqn as a prototype for parabolic PDEs\n");
fprintf(fp_note1,"but the methods listed apply equally to diffusion of materials, flow of \n");
fprintf(fp_note1,"fluids (under conditions of laminar flow), flow of electricity in cables \n");
fprintf(fp_note1,"(the telegraph equations) and so on\n");
printf("\nPress RETURN to continue\n");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
NOTE2.C
#include "header.h"
extern void note2(FILE *fp_note2)
{
char ch;
ex2();
printf("\nThe following menu uses the wave eqn as a prototype for Hyperbolic PDEs\n");
printf("the wave eqn is fundamental to the study of vibrating systems\n");
printf("Hyperbolic PDEs are also involved in transport problems (diffusion of matter,\n");
printf("neutron diffusion, and radiation transfer), wave mechanics, gas dynamics, super-");
printf("sonic flow, and other important areas\n");
fprintf(fp_note2,"\nThe following menu uses the wave eqn as a prototype for Hyperbolic PDEs\n");
fprintf(fp_note2,"the wave eqn is fundamental to the study of vibrating systems\n");
fprintf(fp_note2,"Hyperbolic PDEs are also involved in transport problems (diffusion of matter,\n");
fprintf(fp_note2,"neutron diffusion, and radiation transfer), wave mechanics, gas dynamics, super-");
fprintf(fp_note2,"sonic flow, and other important areas\n");
printf("\nPress RETURN to continue\n");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
PASSWORD.C
#include "header.h"
extern void password(char *p1)

{
char i ;
printf("\n\nEnter Password\n\n");
for(i=0; i<6 ; ++i) *(p1+i)=getch();
POINTS.C
#include "header.h"
extern double points(double *s1)

{
double upper=0, bottom=0, left=0, right=0 , tl=.1 , i, j ,box , row, column;
char sure='p';
char ch='\0';
double *s2;
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
/* entering corners of grid one at a time*/

printf("\nEnter corner values of boundaries\n");
array1[row-1][0]=upper;
printf("\nBottom left corner\n");

array1[0][0]=bottom;

scanf("%lf",&left);
array1[row-1][column-1]=left;
printf("\nBottom right corner\n");

array1[0][column-1]=right;

ex2();
printf("\nEnter grid boundaries one at a time:\n\nUpper boundary, starting from left to right\n");
for(i=1; i<column-1 ;++i){
array1[row-1][i]=upper;}
printf("\nBottom boundary, starting from left to right\n");

for(i=1; i<column-1 ;++i){
array1[0][i]=bottom;}
printf("\nLeft boundary, starting from upper to lower\n");

for(i=row-2; i>0 ;--i){
scanf("%lf",&left);
array1[i][0]=left;}
printf("\nRight boundary, starting from upper to lower\n");

for(i=row-2; i>0 ;--i){
array1[i][column-1]=right;}
ex2();
do{
scanf("%lf",&tl);
if(tl==0){
sure=getche();
tolower(sure);}
if(tl!=0)break;
sure='l';
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
}while(sure=='n');
tl=fabs(tl);
ex2();
printf("rows=%-5.0f\ncolumns=%-5.0f\n", row, column);

box=0.0;
for(i=1; i<column-1 ;++i)box=box+array1[row-1][i];
for(i=1; i<column-1 ;++i)box=box+array1[0][i];
for(i=1; i<row-1 ; ++i)box=box+array1[i][0];
for(i=1; i<row-1 ; ++i)box=box+array1[i][column-1];
box=box+array1[0][0]+array1[row-1][0]+array1[0][column-1]+array1[row-1][column-1];
s2[4]=box/(2.0*(row+(column-2)));
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i)
{for(j=1 ; j<column-1 ; ++j) array1[i][j] = s2[4] ;}

printf("From the upper to the lower side\n\n");
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
return tl;
}
POISSON1.C
#include "header.h"
extern void poisson1(double *s1)

{
double constant , i, j , row, column ;
char ch='\0';
printf("\nEnter the constant value of the function in the Poisson eqn\n");

printf("referred to the left hand side, so that the right hand side \n");
printf("equals zero\n\n");
if(constant==0){
ex2();
printf("\nYou selected solving a Poisson Equation, where as entering a Laplace eqn!\n");
printf("\nYou have a Problem with Nomenclature, be careful !!!\n");
printf("I will continue solving your Laplace eqn\n\n");
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}}
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
for(i=0 ; i<row ; i++)

for(j=0 ; j<column ; j++)
cdef[i][j]=constant;
}
POISSON2.C
#include "header.h"

{
double constant , i, j , row, column, value, box, box1, boxx ;
char ch='\0';
printf("\nEnter values of the function in the Poisson eqn\n");
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
printf("of the poisson eqn equals zero\n\n");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
boxx=0.0;
box1=s1[2];
printf("\nEnter values, f(x,y) as prompted\n");
for(i=1; i<row-1 ;++i){
ex2();
box=s1[2];
for(j=1; j<column-1 ;++j){
printf("\nEnter value at X= %-20.5lf Y= %-20.5lf\n", box, box1);
cdef[i][j]=value;
box=box+s1[2];
boxx=boxx+cdef[i][j];}
box1=box1+s1[2];}
if(boxx==0.0){
ex2();
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
POISSON3.C
#include "header.h"

{
double constant , i, j , row, column, value, box, box1, boxx ;
char ch='\0';
printf("\nEnter values of the function in the Poisson eqn\n");

printf("of the poisson eqn equals zero\n\n");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
boxx=0.0;
box1=0.0;
printf("\nEnter values, f(x,y) as prompted\n");
for(i=0; i<row ;++i){
ex2();
box=0.0;
for(j=0; j<column ;++j){
printf("\nEnter value at X= %-20.5lf Y= %-20.5lf\n", box, box1);
cdef[i][j]=value;
box=box+s1[2];
boxx=boxx+cdef[i][j];}
box1=box1+s1[2];}
if(boxx==0.0){
ex2();
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
POISSONF.C
#include "header.h"
extern void poissonf(double *s1)

{
double aray1[10] = {0}, aray2[10] = {0};
double row, column, i, j, saver ;
double degree1, degree2, k, box=0 ;
char ch='\0';
/* Entering function f(x,y)*/

printf("\nEnter the function f(x,y) of the Poisson eqn\n");
printf("As if consisting of two parts, part 1: X part & part 2: Y part\n");
printf("Enter each part seperately as prompted\n");
printf("Enter the constant if present to either part (X or Y), not to both\n\n");

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
label1:
ex2();
printf("Enter function of Y\n");
if(degree1>9){
goto label1;}
label2:
ex2();
printf("\nEnter function of X\n");
if(degree2>9){
goto label2;}
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
/* Evaluating the values of the function f(x,y) at each point */

for(j=0 ; j<column ; ++j){
saver =poly(s1[2]*j, degree2, aray2 ) ;
cdef[i][j] =poly(s1[2]*i, degree1, aray1 ) + saver ;
box=box+cdef[i][j]; }
if(box==0){
ex2();
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
/* to print out the values of the function f(x,y) at each point*/

ex2();
printf("\nThe function f(x,y) will look like this\n");
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
printf("From the upper to the lower side \n\n");

printf("Remember that all values at boundaries will not be used\n");
printf("since they are not internal mesh points\n");
printf("\nrows=%-5.0f\ncolumns=%-5.0f\n\n",row,column);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
printf("%-20.5e",cdef[i][j]);
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
SEMICKL3.C
#include "header.h"
extern void semi_circle3(int choice1, FILE *fp_semi_circle3)

{
char sure='p';
double size, radians, constant, origin ;
double i, j , n , number, remainder, integerr, savior ;
char ch='\0';
do{
printf("\n\nEnter dimensions of semi-circle -irregular boundaries-\n\n");
do{
printf("\nEnter radius of semi-circle\n");
do{
label5:
ex2();
printf(" be prompted to re-enter the dimensions of the semi-circle \n\n");
if(dradius==0.0){
goto label5;}
fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"\nDimensions of semi-circle -irregular boundaries- as entered by user\n\n");

fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"Radius of semi-circle is %-20.5lf\n", radius);
fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"The increment of the angle in degrees is %-20.5lf\n", dangle);
fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"The increment for r, that the program will use is %-20.5lf\n\n", dradius);

s1[0]=integer1-1;
s1[1]=integer2-1;
ex2();
printf("\nEnter semi-circle boundaries one at a time:\n");
printf("\nOrigin value, the center from which the s-circle is drawn\n");
scanf("%lf",&origin);
for(j=0; j<=s1[1]+1 ;++j)array1[0][j]=origin;
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
ex2();
angle=0.0;
printf("\n\nArround the s-circle, enter each point according to the angle indicated\n");
for(j=0; j<=s1[1]+1 ;++j){
ex2();
angle=dradius;
printf("\n\nBottom boundary from the right\n");
for(i=1; i<=s1[0] ;++i){
printf("\nFor radius= %-10.3lf\n",angle);
array1[i][0]=bottom1;
angle=angle+dradius;
}
ex2();
angle=dradius;
printf("\n\nBottom boundary from the left\n");
for(i=1; i<=s1[0] ;++i){
array1[i][s1[1]+1]=bottom2;
angle=angle+dradius;}
angle=0.0;
for(j=0; j<=s1[1]+1 ;++j)angle=angle+array1[s1[0]+1][j];
s2[4]=angle;
angle=0.0;
for(i=1; i<=s1[0] ;++i)angle=angle+array1[i][0];
s2[4]=s2[4]+angle;
angle=0.0;
for(i=1; i<=s1[0] ;++i)angle=angle+array1[i][s1[1]+1];
s2[4]=s2[4]+angle;
s2[4]=s2[4]+array1[0][0];
angle=s1[1]+(2.0*s1[0])+3;
s2[4]=s2[4]/angle;
}
else{
ex2();
printf("\nEnter semi-circle boundaries one at a time:\n\nArround the s-circle from the right boundary\n");
s2[0]=arround1 ;
printf("\nArround the s-circle from the left boundary\n");

s2[1]=arround2 ;
printf("\nBottom boundary from the right\n");

s2[2]=bottom1;
printf("\nBottom boundary from the left\n");

s2[3]=bottom2;

s2[4]=radius*M_PI_2*(s2[0]+s2[1]);
s2[4]=s2[4]+(radius*(s2[3]+s2[2]));
s2[4]=s2[4]/(radius*(M_PI+2.0));
remainder=.5*s1[1];

if(remainder==integerr){
for(j=integerr+1 ; j<s1[1]+1 ;++j)array1[s1[0]+1][j]=s2[1];}
else{
for(i=1 ; i<=s1[0] ;++i)array1[i][0]=s2[2];

for(i=1 ; i<=s1[0] ;++i)array1[i][s1[1]+1]=s2[3];
array1[s1[0]+1][0]=.5*(s2[2]+s2[0]);
array1[s1[0]+1][s1[1]+1]=.5*(s2[3]+s2[1]);
array1[0][0]=.5*(s2[3]+s2[2]);
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
if(remainder!=integerr)array1[s1[0]+1][integerr+1]=.5*(s2[0]+s2[1]);
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1]+1 ;++j)array1[0][j]=array1[0][0];
}

ex2();
do{
scanf("%lf",&tl);
if(tl==0){
else break;
}while(sure!='y');
tl=fabs(tl);
for(i=1 ; i<=s1[0] ; ++i)
size=s1[0]*s1[1];
size=size+s1[1]+2+(2*s1[0])+1;
ex2();
printf("\nThe # of internal mesh points is: %-5.0f\n",s1[0]*s1[1]);
fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"\nThe # of internal mesh points is: %-5.0f\n",s1[0]*s1[1]);

fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"\nThe # of mesh points that we'll be operating on\n");
fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"including the ones on the boundaries is: %-5.0f\n\n",size);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<=s1[0] ; ++i){
for(j=1 ; j<=s1[1] ; ++j){
array1[i][j]=constant*(((1-(.5/i))*array1[i-
1][j])+((1+(.5/i))*array1[i+1][j])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*array1[i][j-
1])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*array1[i][j+1]));
}
}while(n!=(s1[0]*s1[1]));
ex2();
angle=0.0;
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1]+1 ; ++j){

for(i=s1[0]+1 ; i>=0 ; --i)
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");
angle=0.0;
fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"The array will look like this\n");

fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"From the R = radius inwards for each angle at a time\n");
fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"\n%-5.0lf cases were taken for R ",s1[0]+2);
fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"\n%-5.0lf cases were taken for the angle from 0 to 180\n\n",s1[1]+2);
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1]+1 ; ++j){

fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"For angle= %-6.2lf\n",angle);
for(i=s1[0]+1 ; i>=0 ; --i)
fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"%-20.5e",array1[i][j]);
fprintf(fp_semi_circle3,"\n\n");
SEMICKL4.C
#include "header.h"
extern void semi_circle4(int choice1, FILE *fp_semi_circle4)

{
char sure='p';
double size, radians, constant, origin ;
char ch='\0';
double cde[ROWS][COLUMNS] ;
do{
printf("\n\nEnter dimensions of semi-circle -irregular boundaries-\n\n");
do{
printf("\nEnter radius of semi-circle\n");
do{
label5:
ex2();
printf(" be prompted to re-enter the dimensions of the semi-circle \n\n");
if(dradius==0.0){
goto label5;}
fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"\nDimensions of semi-circle -irregular boundaries- as entered by user\n\n");

fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"Radius of semi-circle is %-20.5lf\n", radius);
fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"The increment of the angle in degrees is %-20.5lf\n", dangle);
fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"The increment for r, that the program will use is %-20.5lf\n\n", dradius);

s1[0]=integer1-1;
s1[1]=integer2-1;
ex2();
printf("\nEnter semi-circle boundaries one at a time:\n");
printf("\nOrigin value, the center from which the s-circle is drawn\n");
scanf("%lf",&origin);
for(j=0; j<=s1[1]+1 ;++j)array1[0][j]=origin;
ex2();
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
angle=0.0;
printf("\n\nArround the s-circle, enter each point according to the angle indicated \n");
for(j=0; j<=s1[1]+1 ;++j){
ex2();
angle=dradius;
printf("\n\nBottom boundary from the right\n");
for(i=1; i<=s1[0] ;++i){
array1[i][0]=bottom1;
angle=angle+dradius; }
ex2();
angle=dradius;
printf("\n\nBottom boundary from the left\n");
for(i=1; i<=s1[0] ;++i){
array1[i][s1[1]+1]=bottom2;
angle=angle+dradius;}
angle=0.0;
for(j=0; j<=s1[1]+1 ;++j)angle=angle+array1[s1[0]+1][j];
s2[4]=angle;
angle=0.0;
for(i=1; i<=s1[0] ;++i)angle=angle+array1[i][0];
s2[4]=s2[4]+angle;
angle=0.0;
for(i=1; i<=s1[0] ;++i)angle=angle+array1[i][s1[1]+1];
s2[4]=s2[4]+angle;
s2[4]=s2[4]+array1[0][0];
angle=s1[1]+(2.0*s1[0])+3;
s2[4]=s2[4]/angle;
}
else{
ex2();
printf("\nEnter semi-circle boundaries one at a time:\n\nArround the s-circle from the right boundary\n");
s2[0]=arround1 ;
printf("\nArround the s-circle from the left boundary\n");

s2[1]=arround2 ;
printf("\nBottom boundary from the right\n");

s2[2]=bottom1;
printf("\nBottom boundary from the left\n");

s2[3]=bottom2;

s2[4]=radius*M_PI_2*(s2[0]+s2[1]);
s2[4]=s2[4]+(radius*(s2[3]+s2[2]));
s2[4]=s2[4]/(radius*(M_PI+2.0));
remainder=.5*s1[1];

if(remainder==integerr){
else{
for(i=1 ; i<=s1[0] ;++i)array1[i][0]=s2[2];

for(i=1 ; i<=s1[0] ;++i)array1[i][s1[1]+1]=s2[3];
array1[s1[0]+1][0]=.5*(s2[2]+s2[0]);
array1[s1[0]+1][s1[1]+1]=.5*(s2[3]+s2[1]);
array1[0][0]=.5*(s2[3]+s2[2]);
if(remainder!=integerr)array1[s1[0]+1][integerr+1]=.5*(s2[0]+s2[1]);
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1]+1 ;++j)array1[0][j]=array1[0][0];
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH

ex2();
do{
scanf("%lf",&tl);
if(tl==0){
else break;
}while(sure!='y');
tl=fabs(tl);
for(i=1 ; i<=s1[0] ; ++i)
size=s1[0]*s1[1];
size=size+s1[1]+2+(2*s1[0])+1;
ex2();
printf("\nThe # of internal mesh points is: %-5.0f\n",s1[0]*s1[1]);
fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"\nThe # of internal mesh points is: %-5.0f\n",s1[0]*s1[1]);

fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"\nThe # of mesh points that we'll be operating on\n");
fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"including the ones on the boundaries is: %-5.0f\n\n",size);

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");
for(i=1 ; i<=s1[0]+1 ; ++i)

for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1]+1 ; ++j) cde[i][j]=array1[i][j];
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1]+1 ; ++j)cde[0][j]=array1[0][0];
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<=s1[0] ; ++i){
for(j=1 ; j<=s1[1] ; ++j){
array1[i][j]=constant*(((1-(.5/i))*cde[i-
1][j])+((1+(.5/i))*cde[i+1][j])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*cde[i][j-
1])+((1.0/(i*i*radians*radians))*cde[i][j+1]));
}
}while(n!=(s1[0]*s1[1]));
ex2();
angle=0.0;
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1]+1 ; ++j){

for(i=s1[0]+1 ; i>=0 ; --i)
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");
angle=0.0;
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"\nNumber of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);

fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"The array will look like this\n");
fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"From the R = radius inwards for each angle at a time\n");
fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"\n%-5.0lf cases were taken for R ",s1[0]+2);
fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"\n%-5.0lf cases were taken for the angle from 0 to 180\n\n",s1[1]+2);
for(j=0 ; j<=s1[1]+1 ; ++j){

fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"For angle= %-6.2lf\n",angle);
for(i=s1[0]+1 ; i>=0 ; --i)
fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"%-20.5e",array1[i][j]);
fprintf(fp_semi_circle4,"\n\n");
SOR1P.C
#include "header.h"
extern void sor1p(double *s1, double tl, FILE *fp_sor1p)

{
double c, wopt ;
char ch='\0';
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
wopt=(4.0/(2+sqrt(4-(c*c))));
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
else if( (tl!=0) && (fabs(array1[i][j] - savior) < tl) ) ++n ; }
}
ex2();
fprintf(fp_sor1p,"\nThe optimum value of the S.O.R. factor used is, w = %-8.6f\n", wopt);
fprintf(fp_sor1p,"\nThe number of iterations needed was %-5.0lf for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n",number,tl);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
SOR2P.C
#include "header.h"

{
double wopt ;
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
char ch='\0';
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
printf("\n\nMaximum acceleration is obtained for some optimum value of W\n");

printf("This optimum value will always lie between 1.0 and 2.0 \n");
printf("The following table shows the range of values for Wopt \n");
printf("that are customary in steady-state problems for several values \n");
printf("of p and q, where p=q - a square region - \n");
printf("p=vertical length divided by h q=horizontal length divided by h \n\n");
printf("p=q Wopt \n\n");
printf("2 1.000 \n");
printf("3 1.072 \n");
printf("5 1.260 \n");
printf("10 1.528 \n");
printf("20 1.729 \n");
printf("100 1.939 \n");
printf("infinity 2.000 \n\n");
printf("If your value is far from the optimum value then instead of decreasing\n");
printf("the number of iterations they will be increased, so be careful\n\n ");
printf("Enter your value of the S.O.R factor, w = \n");
scanf("%lf", &wopt);
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
else if( (tl!=0) && (fabs(array1[i][j] - savior) < tl) ) ++n ; }
}
ex2();
printf("\nFor the value of the S.O.R. factor given, w = %-8.6f\n", wopt);
printf("\nThe number of iterations needed was %-5.0f for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n", number,tl);
fprintf(fp_sor2p,"\nFor the value of the S.O.R. factor given, w = %-8.6f\n", wopt);
fprintf(fp_sor2p,"\nThe number of iterations needed was %-5.0f for %-10.5e tolerance\n\n", number,tl);
printf("\nrows= %-5.0f",row);
printf("\ncolumns= %-5.0f \n\n",column);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
SOR3P.C
#include "header.h"

{
double row, column, wopt, c, savior ;
double i, j , n , number, saver;
char ch='\0';
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
wopt=(4.0/(2+sqrt(4-(c*c))));
number=0;
do{
++number;
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
saver=array1[i][j];
array1[i][j]=saver+.05*4*wopt*(array1[i+1][j]+array1[i-1][j]+array1[i][j+1]+array1[i][j-1]);
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]+(.05*wopt*(array1[i-1][j-1]+array1[i-1][j+1]+array1[i+1][j-
1]+array1[i+1][j+1]));
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]-(wopt*saver)+(.05*6*wopt*s1[2]*s1[2]*cdef[i][j]);
ex2();
fprintf(fp_sor3p,"\nThe optimum value of the S.O.R. factor used is, w = %-8.6f\n", wopt);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
SOR4P.C
#include "header.h"

{
double row, column, wopt, savior ;
double i, j , n , number, saver;
char ch='\0';
row=(s1[1]+2);
column=(s1[0]+2);
printf("\n\nMaximum acceleration is obtained for some optimum value of W\n");
printf("This optimum value will always lie between 1.0 and 2.0 \n");
printf("The following table shows the range of values for Wopt \n");
printf("that are customary in steady-state problems for several values \n");
printf("of p and q, where p=q - a square region - \n");
printf("p=vertical length divided by h q=horizontal length divided by h \n\n");
printf("p=q Wopt \n\n");
printf("2 1.000 \n");
printf("3 1.072 \n");
printf("5 1.260 \n");
printf("10 1.528 \n");
printf("20 1.729 \n");
printf("100 1.939 \n");
printf("infinity 2.000 \n\n");
printf("If your value is far from the optimum value then instead of decreasing\n");
printf("the number of iterations they will be increased, so be careful\n\n ");
printf("Enter your value of the S.O.R factor, w = \n");
scanf("%lf", &wopt);
number=0;
do{
++number;
n=0;
for(i=1 ; i<row-1 ; ++i){
saver=array1[i][j];
array1[i][j]=saver+.05*4*wopt*(array1[i+1][j]+array1[i-1][j]+array1[i][j+1]+array1[i][j-1]);
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]+(.05*wopt*(array1[i-1][j-1]+array1[i-1][j+1]+array1[i+1][j-
1]+array1[i+1][j+1]));
array1[i][j]=array1[i][j]-(wopt*saver)+(.05*6*wopt*s1[2]*s1[2]*cdef[i][j]);
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH

}
ex2();
printf("\nFor the value of the S.O.R. factor given, w = %-8.6f\n", wopt);
fprintf(fp_sor4p,"\nFor the value of the S.O.R. factor given, w = %-8.6f\n", wopt);
for(i=row-1 ; i>=0 ; --i){
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
printf("\n\n");}
TIME.C
#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dos.h>
void time1(FILE *fp_time1)

{
time_t timer;
struct tm *tblock;
/* gets time of day */

timer = time(NULL);
/* converts date/time to a structure */

tblock = localtime(&timer);
fprintf(fp_time1,"\n\nLocal time is: %s", asctime(tblock));
TYPE.C
#include "header.h"
extern int type(FILE *fp_type)

{
int choice, ch ;
do{
printf("\nNumerical Solutions for the Mixed Boundary Problems\n\n");
printf("Enter the # associated with the type of problem you would like to solve\n\n");
printf("1: Laplace eqn :Mixed Problem\n\n");
printf("2: Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :Mixed Problem\n\n");
printf("3: Poisson eqn :Mixed Problem\n");

printf(" function f(x,y), entered as points by user\n\n");

ex2();
switch(choice){
case 1:
printf("1: Laplace eqn :Mixed Problem\n\n");
break;
case 2:
printf("2: Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :Mixed Problem\n\n");
break;
case 3:
printf("3: Poisson eqn :Mixed Problem\n");
. 87.87
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$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH

break;}
fprintf(fp_type,"\n\nYour choice was\n\n");

switch(choice){
case 1:
fprintf(fp_type,"1: Laplace eqn :Mixed Problem\n\n");
break;
case 2:
fprintf(fp_type,"2: Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :Mixed Problem\n\n");
break;
case 3:
fprintf(fp_type,"3: Poisson eqn :Mixed Problem\n");
fprintf(fp_type," function f(x,y), entered as points by user\n\n");
break;}
if(choice==1)choice=3;
else if(choice==2)choice=4;
else choice=6;

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
return choice;
}
TYPE4.C
#include "header.h"
extern int type4(FILE *fp_type4)

{
int choice, ch ;
do{
printf("Wellcome to Y. H. Kutkut's Numerical PDE Solver\n");
printf("Using the Finite Difference Method for solving PDEs\n\n");
fprintf(fp_type4,"\nWellcome to Y. H. Kutkut's Numerical PDE Solver\n");
fprintf(fp_type4,"Using the Finite Difference Method for solving PDEs\n\n");
printf("Enter the # associated with the type of PDE you would like to solve\n\n");
printf("1: Elliptic Partial Differential Equation\n");
printf("2: Parabolic Partial Differential Equation\n");
printf("3: Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equation\n\n\n");

ex2();
switch(choice){
case 1:
printf("1: Elliptic Partial Differential Equation\n\n");
break;
case 2:
printf("2: Parabolic Partial Differential Equation\n\n");
break;
case 3:
printf("3: Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equation\n\n");
break;}
fprintf(fp_type4,"\nYour choice was\n\n");

switch(choice){
case 1:
fprintf(fp_type4,"1: Elliptic Partial Differential Equation\n\n");
break;
case 2:
fprintf(fp_type4,"2: Parabolic Partial Differential Equation\n\n");
break;
case 3:
fprintf(fp_type4,"3: Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equation\n\n");
break;}

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
$SSHQGL[ % 3DJH
if(ch=='\r')break;}
ex2();
printf("\nYour results will be stored in a file named PDEFILE.OUT\n\n");
printf("If no such file exists then it'll be created\n");
printf("If such a file already does exist then the results will be appended to it\n\n");
ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
return choice;
}
TYPE5.C
#include "header.h"
extern int type5(FILE *fp_type5)

{
int choice, ch ;
do{
printf("Numerical Solutions for the Neumann Problems\n\n");
printf("Enter the # associated with the type of problem you would like to solve\n\n");
printf("1: Laplace eqn :Neumann Problem\n\n");
printf("2: Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :Neumann Problem\n\n");
printf("3: Poisson eqn :Neumann Problem\n");


ex2();
switch(choice){
case 1:
printf("1: Laplace eqn :Neumann Problem\n\n");
break;
case 2:
printf("2: Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :Neumann Problem\n\n");
break;
case 3:
printf("3: Poisson eqn :Neumann Problem\n");
break;}
fprintf(fp_type5,"\n\nYour choice was\n\n");

switch(choice){
case 1:
fprintf(fp_type5,"1: Laplace eqn :Neumann Problem\n\n");
break;
case 2:
fprintf(fp_type5,"2: Poisson eqn, function f(x,y) :Neumann Problem\n\n");
break;
case 3:
fprintf(fp_type5,"3: Poisson eqn :Neumann Problem\n");
fprintf(fp_type5," function f(x,y), entered as points by user\n\n");
break;}

ch='\0';
for(;;)
{ ch=getche();
if(ch=='\r')break;}
if(choice==3)choice=5;
return choice;
}
. 87.87
6 180(5,&$/ 3'( 62/9(5 %< ),1,7(',))(5(1&(
7+((1'

ERRATA
No matter how hard one tries, errors are inevitable. After printing of the project and
handing it in, the following typing mistakes were detected:
 P. IX, 7th line from the top.
 Solution by the explixit method with r=1.0 ....................................... 84
 Solution by the explixit method with r=0.25 ....................................... 84
 P. 1, 6th line from the bottom.
 u u 2 u  u 2 u
2
u, and but not , and .
x y  x 2  u2 xy
 u,
u
x
and
u
y
but not
2 u 2 u
x y
2
, 2
and
2 u
xy
.
 P. 84, second line from the top.
 x =0.10, c = 1.0, and r = 1.0.
 x =0.10, c = 1.0, and r = 0.25.
Yousof H. Kutkut
May, 18th 1994

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UNIVERSITY OF JORDAN

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

B. SC. GRADUATION PROJECT

I chose this project to be my graduation project since I like working on numerical

KUTKUT'S NUMERICAL PDE SOLVER BY FINITE-DIFFERENCE

I wish to extend my depth of gratitude to the following people:

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