Lecture 1 - 2 - Course Notes PDF
Lecture 1 - 2 - Course Notes PDF
Lecture 1 - 2 - Course Notes PDF
Tahir Mammadov
Completion Strategy Design
Well Integrity includes:
Well integrity is the process that sets the Standards and Policies which the
completed well should be adhere to.
1. Well Construction Integrity:
– Wellhead & X-mass tree
– Casing & Cement Integrity (CBL, Zonal Isolation etc.)
– Casing Corrosion
– Wellbore integrity
2. Completion Integrity Assurance:
– Wellhead & Christmas tree integrity management
– Down Hole integrity assurance (Safety Valve, Sliding Side Door, Dual or
Single Packer either Permanent or Retrievable, etc.)
– Artificial lift integrity assurance (Gas Lift or Pump)
– Annulus management
3. Flow Assurance
– Scale, Asphaltene, Corrosion, Hydrate Managements
4. Well Life Cycle Management
Examples of Completion Failures
Bottom Hole Completion Techniques
Drawback
interzonal crossflow
Injection problems with variations in layer
PERM –sweep effiient
Inability to plug off zones
Inability to selectively stimulate
Slotted Liner/Wire Wrapped/ Expanding Screen Completion
Drawback
All zones open to (cross)flow, no control
Screen may become plugged
Slotted Liner/Wire Wrapped/Expanding Screen Completion
• Slotted liner • Wire-wrapped screen • Expandable screen
Cemented & Perforated Production Liner/ Casing
• Commonest type of completion
• High cost and more time needed
• Liner can be decreased cost
• Inflow selectivity achieved by
careful positioning of
perforations if cement
hydraulically seals casing
annulus
• Multi-zone completions possible
Drawback
High cost and more time
Selection of the Flow Conduit Between
the Reservoir and Surface
Production Conduit Options
Considerations: cost, flow stability, ability to control flow and ensuring
well safety and integrity of the well by minimizing corrosion or erosion
Control methods
1.Corrosion inhibitor treatments minimize corrosion damage,
but must be continuously applied
2.To select a steel that is naturally inert to the produced fluids
The Production Tubing (2)
Metallurgy selection chart based on partial pressure of H2S and CO2
Valve Body
Wireline Operated Sliding Side Door
Aligning the outer & inner ports by moving the sleeve allows
circulation from tubing to annulus. E.g. to kill the well
• It consists of two concentric sleeves, contains slots or holes
• Inner sleeve can move up or down by wireline or coiled tubing
permitted
Landing Nipples
A nipple-is a short, tubing accessory with an internal profile which allows a
mandrel to be securely landed in its bore using either wireline or coiled tubing:
1. Isolate the tubing string for well shut-in, workover or hydraulically setting
packer
2. Installation of Ported device for communication between tubing & annulus
3. Emergency closure of tubing
4. Downhole regulation or throttling of the flow.
5. Install downhole P or T recording gauges
Two types of application
• Nipples installed at various points in the string for:
(a) Plugging the tubing for:
Pressure tests, Setting Hydraulic packer & Zonal isolation
(b) Installing flow control equipment:
Downhole chokes, SSSVs & pressure recorders
Landing Nipple
Nipples can be of two types:
- Selective
Multiple, same size nipples use selective
locking mechanism
- Non-selective (no-go)
nipple size decreases down string
(Largest nipple placed on top)
Schlumberger
Wireline Entry Guide (WEG)
Wireline reentry guides are used for safe reentry of wireline tools
from the casing into the tubing string
Threaded on the top and only, they attach to the bottom end of the
production string
Schlumberger
Multiple Zone Completions
Multiple Zone Completions
Comingled Flow:
• Multiple zones flow at the same time into the tubing e.g.
two zones producing via a single tubing string
Alternate Zone Well Completion:
• Only one zone flows into the tubing at any time
• Lower zone produced first
Segregated, Multi-Zone Depletion
• Multiple zone flow at the same time into the different tubings
Co-mingled Flow
Advantages:
• Minimizes well numbers & capital
investment.
• Reduced drilling time accelerates production
build-up
Disadvantages
• Mixing of produced fluids can give
problems:
– Corrosion: acids, H2S, CO2
– Erosion: produced sand (can be
decreased by blast joint)
– Different composition of fluids &
economic value
– Different zonal WOR and GOR will
influence the tubing vertical lift
performance
Co-mingled Flow
Disadvantages (continued)
– due to inflow from more productive zones can lead to a back
pressure effect on the less productive/lower pressure reservoirs
– Choke Control of individual zonal production not possible.
– Fluid injection, e.g. for stimulation, cannot easily be diverted into
required layer without temporary isolation (bridge plug)
– Total well production influenced by change in characteristics of one
zone. E.g. increased WOR It may be difficult to remove without
closing the well
Alternate Zone Well Completion Strategy
Advantages
(1) Effective control of all aspects of reservoir depletion
and well control.
(2) Depletion strategy can be easily changed to adapt to
new situations. E.g. change a producer to an injector.
(3) One well’s problems do not production from other
zones/wells.
(4) Each well is relatively simple mechanically
– risk of failure due to complexity minimised.
Alternate Zone Well Completion Strategy
Disadvantages
(1) More wells required to achieve the same degree of
depletion control
• Dual Packers
• Blast Joints installed in tubings placed opposite upper
zone perforations
Extra Equipment for Dual Completions
Wireline Servicing of Completion
Accessories
Wireline Servicing of Completion Accessories
Surface Wireline
Equipment mounted
on a Xmas Tree
Wireline Surface Equipment
103 MPa
138 MPa
15,000 20,000
Multi-zone, Advanced Completion
-Selective production from different zones
-Control production of unwanted fluids
-Inflow Control Devices (ICDs) position determined before installation
Autonomous Inflow
Control Device (Equiflow)
• Replaceable system
• Adjusted to production
• Protect the casing
• Allows control of
production
• Permit well intervention
2. Describe: