Al-Quds University Computer Engineering Student: Mohammad Zeidan ID: 21411566 DR - Rushdi Hammamreh MR - Alaa El-Aaraj Experiment 5: DHCP SERVER

Al-Quds University
Computer Engineering
Student : Mohammad zeidan
ID : 21411566
Dr.Rushdi Hammamreh
Mr.Alaa El-Aaraj
Experiment 5 : DHCP SERVER
Introduction:
Implementing a basic DHCP SERVER requires
installing the server ; authorizing the server
;scopes,exclusion r,eservation,optics
DHCP CLIENT DHCP SERVER

DHCP DISCOVER
DHCP OFFER
DHCP REQUEST
DHCP ACK….
A DHCP Server is a network server that

automatically provides and assigns IP addresses,
default gateways and other network parameters
to client devices. It relies on the standard protocol
known as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
or DHCP to respond to broadcast queries by
clients.
A DHCP server automatically sends the required
network parameters for clients to properly
communicate on the network. Without it, the
network administrator has to manually set up
every client that joins the network, which can be
cumbersome, especially in large networks. DHCP
servers usually assign each client with a unique
dynamic IP address, which changes when the
client’s lease for that IP address has expired.
When to use a router/switch as your DHCP
Server
There are many enterprise companies who are
still using DHCP for IPv4 on their
routers/switches. This is typically done by the
network administrator who needs to get a DHCP
capability up and running quickly but does not
have access to a DHCP server. Most
routers/switches have the ability to provide the
following DHCP server support:.
OBJECTIVE:
1- Install a DHCP server
2- Authorize a DHCP server
3- Create and configure a DHCP scope ,
including address ranges.
4- Configure exclusions DHCP scope
5- Configure reservation DHCP scope
Procedure:
A DHCP scope is an administrative grouping of
IP addresses for a network subnet. With scopes
you can configure common network settings for
all clients receiving addresses, such as DNS
servers and network gateways.
Scopes can filter hosts by name, MAC address,
and operating system to either allow them or
disallow them from receiving an IP address.
Scope policies can be configured to assign
different options to hosts based on their name,
MAC address, or operating system. For
example, we can create a policy that configures
the NIS server for a Linux host in addition to
options set at the scope level.
This tutorial will guide you through configuring
DHCP scopes on Windows Server 2012 R2.
Create a New Scope
1. Launch the DHCP console.
2. From the tree on the left side of the console,
expand the DHCP server’s hostname node.
3. Select and then right-click IPv4.
4. From the IPv4 context menu, select New
Scope.
FIG1 – Windows DHCP New Scope context menu
5. When the New Scope Wizard dialog box

appears, click Next.
6. On the Scope Name screen, enter the
name of your new scope. You should give it a
description to document its purpose. When
done, click Next.
FIG2 – DHCP
New Scope Wizard: Scope Name
7. On the IP Address Range screen, enter a

starting IP address followed by an Ending IP
address. This create the scope’s range, which
will be used to assign addresses to clients.
8. Under Configurating settings that
propagate to DHCP client section of the IP
Address Range screen, either enter a subnet
bit length (CIDR) in the Length field, or enter
the dotted decimal notation of the subnet mask.
FIG3 – Windows
DHCP New Scope Wizard: IP Address Range
9. Click Next.
10. On the Add Exclusions and Delay screen,
we can set IP addresses from within the range
we defined that should be excluded. For
example, if our range includes the IP address of
our network gateway, we probably do not want
our clients to use it, so we would add its IP
address to the exclusion list. Click Next when
done.
FIG4 – Windows
DHCP New Scope Wizard: Add Exclusions and Delay
11. On the Lease Duration screen, enter the

length of time a client should be assigned an IP
address. When done, click Next.
12. On the Configure DHCP Options screen,
select Yes, I want to configure these options
now, and then Click Next.
13. On the Router (Default Gateway) screen,
enter the IP address of the gateway clients
should use. Click Next when done.
14. On the Domain Name and DNS
Servers screen, enter the IP addresses of all
DNS servers the client should use.
Click Next when done.
15. On the WINS Servers screen, if you have
WINS servers add them here. Click Next when
done.
Most Windows environments no longer use
WINS for name resolution. Although, some
legacy applications and hardware may still
require it, so check your environment before
skipping this.
16. On the Activate Scope page, select Yes, I
want to activate this scope now. A scope
must be activated before it is allowed to assign
clients IP addresses. If you do not want to
activate it at this time, select No, I will activate
this scope later. Click Next when done.
17. Click Finish.
Scope Reservations
The purpose of DHCP is to automatically assign
hosts connecting to your physical network an IP
address. Which IP address they get depends
on what has already been assigned and what is
available. With reservations, on the other hand,
we can ensure that a specific host always
receives the same IP address.
Why would you do this instead of just assigning
the host a static IP address? Well, this allows
us to centrally assign IP addresses to all of our
servers.
Host reservations use the MAC address of a
client’s network interface. When the DHCP
server sees this MAC address during a DHCP
request, it matches it to an IP address in the
reservation list and then assigns that IP
address to the host. No other host may be
assigned the IP address.
1. In the DHCP console, from the left tree view
expand the scope you want to add reservations
to.
2. Select and then right-click Reservations.
When the context menu appears, click New
Reservation…
FIG5 – Windows DHCP Scope Reservation
3. Give the reservation a name. You should

probably use the hostname of the server you
are reserving the address for.
Assign the IP address.
FIG6 – Windows DHCP
New Reservation
4. Enter the MAC address of the servers

network interface.
5. Document the purpose of the reservation by
entering a description.
6. Under Support types, select either Both,
DHCP or BOOTP.
The reservation will be used for both DHCP

Both
requests and BOOTP DHCP requests.
DHCP The reservation will only apply to standard DHCP

requests.
BOOT The reservation will only apply to BOOTP

P requests.
7. Click Add to add the new reservation.

Scope Options
Scope options are used to set additional
network information when a host is assigned an
IP address. This can be used to set the default
gateway, DNS server, local time server (NTP),
and many others.
You can find options for both Windows and
Non-windows operating systems. For example,
we can define the IP addresses of NIS servers
for our Linux\Unix environment.
Options defined at the scope level will override
options set at the DHCP server level.
1. Launch the DHCP console from Server
Manager.
2. In the General tab, select the options you
want to enable. These options will apply to all
DHCP clients.
FIG7 – Windows
DHCP Scope Options
3. In the Advanced tab, select the options you

want to enable for a specific class of DHCP
client. Classes can be used this to specifically
target Linux servers, for example, so that only
the get options set in the Advanced tab.
4. When done, click OK.
Counclusion:
DHCP provides the following benefits.
 Reliable IP address configuration. DHCP
minimizes configuration errors caused by
manual IP address configuration, such as
typographical errors, or address conflicts
caused by the assignment of an IP address to
more than one computer at the same time.
 Reduced network administration. DHCP
includes the following features to reduce
network administration:
o Centralized and automated TCP/IP
configuration.
o The ability to define TCP/IP configurations
from a central location.
o The ability to assign a full range of
additional TCP/IP configuration values by
means of DHCP options.
o The efficient handling of IP address
changes for clients that must be updated
frequently, such as those for portable
devices that move to different locations on
a wireless network.
o The forwarding of initial DHCP messages
by using a DHCP relay agent, which
eliminates the need for a DHCP server on
every subnet.

Al-Quds University Computer Engineering Student: Mohammad Zeidan ID: 21411566 DR - Rushdi Hammamreh MR - Alaa El-Aaraj Experiment 5: DHCP SERVER

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Al-Quds University

DHCP CLIENT DHCP SERVER

A DHCP Server is a network server that

FIG1 – Windows DHCP New Scope context menu

5. When the New Scope Wizard dialog box

7. On the IP Address Range screen, enter a

11. On the Lease Duration screen, enter the

3. Give the reservation a name. You should

4. Enter the MAC address of the servers

The reservation will be used for both DHCP

DHCP The reservation will only apply to standard DHCP

BOOT The reservation will only apply to BOOTP

7. Click Add to add the new reservation.

3. In the Advanced tab, select the options you

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