Annotated Bibliography

Bibliography
Anschutz, Richard Paul. “John Stuart Mill.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia
Britannica, Inc., 16 May 2020, www.britannica.com/biography/John-Stuart-Mill.
This Britannica article was written by Richard Anschutz, the Professor of Philosophy at
the University of Auckland in New Zealand. In this article, Anschutz details the life and
philosophies of ethical theorist John Stuart Mill. Anschutz writes about Mill’s upbringing,
who his father was, and how these things affected his views on philosophy and
utilitarianism later in his life. I used this article to research and to better understand John
Stuart Mill and his perspective on utilitarianism. I then incorporated Mill’s perspective
into answering different ethical dilemmas that I have found in the modern world.
Bergman, Mary Todd. “Harvard Researchers Share Views on Future, Ethics of Gene
Editing.” Harvard Gazette, Harvard Gazette, 28 Oct. 2019,
news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2019/01/perspectives-on-gene-editing/.
This article by the Harvard Gazette interviews several different researchers in different
scientific fields at Harvard. Within this story, these researchers, who work in fields such as
medicine, law, bioethics, and business, share their views on the recent and controversial
issue of gene editing. I used the perspectives shown in this article to help myself better
understand the issue of gene editing and to learn everything, both pros and cons, that
someone should consider when finding an ethical solution to whether or not gene editing
should be allowed. This information helped to create a dilemma involving gene editing
and to show the perspectives of different philosophies on this dilemma.

Driver, Julia. “The History of Utilitarianism.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stanford
University, 22 Sept. 2014, plato.stanford.edu/entries/utilitarianism-history/.
This article, published by Julia Driver in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, is a
summary of the history of utilitarian ethical philosophy. In it, Julia Driver writes about
what utilitarian thinking is, how it has changed throughout history, and who has influenced
it. This article also contains information about different types of utilitarianism, and some
of the philosophy’s upsides and downsides to problem solving. I used this article in my
project to gain an understanding of one of the most influential ethical philosophies in
history. I then used this understanding to write about how a utilitarian may approach
different ethical dilemmas.
LaFollette, Hugh. “Pragmatism.” Pragmatist Ethic,
www.qcc.cuny.edu/socialSciences/ppecorino/ETHICS_TEXT/Chapter_10_Postmodernis
m_Pragmatism/Pragmatist_Ethic.htm#:~:text=Pragmatism in ethics rejects the,in terms of
their usefulness.
This article about pragmatism and pragmatist perspectives on ethics was written by Hugh
LaFollette, the Professor in Ethics at the University of South Florida. In it, LaFollete
explains the different bases of pragmatist ethics. He also explains where the philosophy
originated and how it differs from other prominent ethical philosophies. I used this article
to learn about the different rules that hold importance in pragmatist ethics. This
understanding gave me a basis to begin thinking about how to approach different ethical
dilemmas from a pragmatist’s perspective.

My Drawing Tutorials. Portrait Drawing Basics. YouTube, 29 Nov. 2017,
www.youtube.com/watch?v=wz5HDRMEF1E.
This three part youtube series by My Drawing Tutorials gives an easy guide on how to
draw portraits using the loomis method. It provides a step to step method for correctly
proportioning a human face and how to draw the different shapes that are needed to create
a realistic portrait. I used this video to help myself learn the basics of portrait sketching and
to create rough drafts for the portraits I included in my ethics philosophy blog.
Nathanson, Stephan. “Act and Rule Utilitarianism.” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy,
iep.utm.edu/util-a-r/#H2.
This article, detailing the differences between act and rule utilitarianism, was contributed
to the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy by Stephan Nathanson, who is a researcher of
Ethics and Political Philosophy at Northeastern University in Boston. In this article,
Nathanson explains not only how rule and act utilitarianism are different from each other,
but also where the two types of philosophy share common ground. This helped me to
better understand different utilitarian perspectives when creating and solving ethical
dilemmas.
Peterson, Andrew, et al. “Ethics of Reallocating Ventilators in the Covid-19 Pandemic.” The
BMJ, British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 12 May 2020,
www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1828.
Shewan, Dan. “How to Write an Awesome Blog Post in 5 Steps.” WordStream,
www.wordstream.com/blog/ws/2015/02/09/how-to-write-a-blog-post.
Skelton, Anthony. “William David Ross.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stanford
University, 19 June 2012, plato.stanford.edu/entries/william-david-ross/.
Staff, NPR. “Debate: Should Physician-Assisted Suicide Be Legal?” NPR, NPR, 20 Nov.
2014,
www.npr.org/2014/11/20/365509889/debate-should-physician-assisted-suicide-be-legal.
Umar, Jafar Mohammed, et al. “Ethics Explainer: What Is Deontology?” THE ETHICS
CENTRE, 30 July 2020, ethics.org.au/ethics-explainer-deontology/.
“Utilitarianism (John Stuart Mill).” SparkNotes, SparkNotes,
www.sparknotes.com/philosophy/utilitarianism/summary/.
“Virtue of Selfishness, The Atlas Society: Ayn Rand, Objectivism, Atlas Shrugged.” , The
Atlas Society | Ayn Rand, Objectivism, Atlas Shrugged,
www.atlassociety.org/post/virtue-of-selfishness.

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Bibliography

Anschutz, Richard Paul. “John Stuart Mill.” ​Encyclopædia Britannica​, Encyclopædia

Britannica, Inc., 16 May 2020, ​www.britannica.com/biography/John-Stuart-Mill​.

Editing.” ​Harvard Gazette​, Harvard Gazette, 28 Oct. 2019,

and to show the perspectives of different philosophies on this dilemma.

University, 22 Sept. 2014, plato.stanford.edu/entries/utilitarianism-history/.

This article, published by Julia Driver in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, is a

project to gain an understanding of one of the most influential ethical philosophies in

different ethical dilemmas.

LaFollette, Hugh. “Pragmatism.” ​Pragmatist Ethic​,

m_Pragmatism/Pragmatist_Ethic.htm#:~:text=Pragmatism in ethics rejects the,in terms of

dilemmas from a pragmatist’s perspective.

Nathanson, Stephan. “Act and Rule Utilitarianism.” ​Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy​,

to the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy by Stephan Nathanson, who is a researcher of

Ethics and Political Philosophy at Northeastern University in Boston. In this article,

BMJ,​ British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 12 May 2020,

Shewan, Dan. “How to Write an Awesome Blog Post in 5 Steps.” ​WordStream,​

University, 19 June 2012, plato.stanford.edu/entries/william-david-ross/.

CENTRE​, 30 July 2020, ethics.org.au/ethics-explainer-deontology/.

“Utilitarianism (John Stuart Mill).” ​SparkNotes,​ SparkNotes,

Atlas Society | Ayn Rand, Objectivism, Atlas Shrugged​,

You might also like

Anschutz, Richard Paul. “John Stuart Mill.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia

Britannica, Inc., 16 May 2020, www.britannica.com/biography/John-Stuart-Mill.

Editing.” Harvard Gazette, Harvard Gazette, 28 Oct. 2019,

LaFollette, Hugh. “Pragmatism.” Pragmatist Ethic,

Nathanson, Stephan. “Act and Rule Utilitarianism.” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy,

BMJ, British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 12 May 2020,

Shewan, Dan. “How to Write an Awesome Blog Post in 5 Steps.” WordStream,

CENTRE, 30 July 2020, ethics.org.au/ethics-explainer-deontology/.

“Utilitarianism (John Stuart Mill).” SparkNotes, SparkNotes,

Atlas Society | Ayn Rand, Objectivism, Atlas Shrugged,